The 2006 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to which Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist, and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding which organization?
Grameen Bank
2006 Nobel Peace Prize
The 2006 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank "for their efforts through microcredit to create economic and social development from below".
Muhammad Yunus
Muhammad Yunus (Bengali: মুহাম্মদ ইউনূস ; born 28 June 1940) is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist, and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance.
 These loans are given to entrepreneurs too poor to qualify for traditional bank loans.
 In 2006, Yunus and the Grameen Bank were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their efforts through microcredit to create economic and social development from below".
 The Norwegian Nobel Committee said that "lasting peace cannot be achieved unless large population groups find ways in which to break out of poverty" and that "across cultures and civilizations, Yunus and Grameen Bank have shown that even the poorest of the poor can work to bring about their own development".
 Yunus has received several other national and international honours.
 He received the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2010.
Trial of Muhammad Yunus
The trial of Muhammad Yunus is a "The Times of India" news article, depicting the series of trials launched by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh against Muhammad Yunus, a Nobel Peace Prize–winning economist known for his two theories, microcredit and social business, and for his work through Grameen Bank that has helped millions of poor women break the cycle of poverty.
 It tells the story of how the former put the latter on trial in 2010 and ultimately removed him from Grameen Bank, citing that he was too old to run the Bank which he founded in 1983.
 It also states that, in 2013, she put him on trial for a second time because he had supposedly received his earnings without the necessary permission from her government, including his Nobel Peace Prize earnings and the royalties from his book sales.
 The article claims that this series of trials against Yunus has puzzled billions of people around the world, from the 8.3 million underprivileged women of Grameen Bank to US President Barack Obama.
 Likening Hasina's political vendetta against Yunus to a modern-day replay of the conflict between Archimedes and General Marcellus, the article predicts that the "banker to the poor" may face a fate similar to the father of mathematics for asking Hasina not to disturb the Grameen Bank.
 Vikas Bajaj wrote in the "Taking Note" editorial blog of "The New York Times" on 7 November 2013: Nobel Women's Initiative
The Nobel Women's Initiative was created in 2006 by six female winners of the Nobel peace prize to support women's groups around the world in campaigning for justice, peace and equality.
 The six founders are Shirin Ebadi, Wangari Maathai, Rigoberta Menchú, Jody Williams, Mairead Maguire, and Betty Williams.
 The only other living female Nobel peace prize winner, Aung San Suu Kyi, was under house arrest at the time of the initiative's formation.
 She became an honorary member on her release in 2010.
 The initiative's first conference, in 2007, focused on women, conflict and security in the Middle East. Irwin Abrams
Irwin Martin Abrams (February 24, 1914 – December 16, 2010) was a long-time professor of history at Antioch College, a pioneer in the field of peace research, and a global authority on the Nobel Peace Prize.
 His book, "The Nobel Peace Prize and the Laureates", first published in 1988 and subsequently updated and revised, is regarded as the authoritative reference work on the subject.
 His other books included "Words of Peace", which brought together selections from the acceptance speeches of Nobel Peace Prize laureates, and five volumes of "Nobel Lectures in Peace". 2016 Nobel Peace Prize
The 2016 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the President of Colombia Juan Manuel Santos "for his resolute efforts to bring the country’s more than 50-year-long civil war to an end, a war that has cost the lives of at least 220,000 Colombians and displaced close to six million people."
 The conflict is the longest running war, and last remaining guerrilla struggle, in the Americas.
 The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded annually to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses".
 The announcement was made on 7 October at a press conference at the Nobel Peace Center, and the formal award ceremony took place on 10 December at the Oslo City Hall. Hanna Kvanmo
Hanna Kristine Kvanmo (June 14, 1926 – June 23, 2005) was a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party.
 She served as a Member of Parliament from 1973 to 1989, representing the county of Nordland, as the first parliamentary leader of the Socialist Left Party 1977–1989, and as a member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, the five-member committee awarding the Nobel Peace Prize, from 1991 to 2002.
 From 1993 to 1998, she was the Nobel committee's vice chair.
 During her term on the Nobel committee, she was responsible for the decisions to award the Nobel Peace Prize to individuals such as Aung San Suu Kyi, Nelson Mandela, Yasser Arafat and Kofi Annan.
 By profession, she was a teacher. Albert Lutuli
Inkosi Albert John Lutuli (commonly spelled Luthuli; c. 1898 – 21 July 1967), also known by his Zulu name Mvumbi, was a South African teacher, activist, Nobel Peace Prize winner, and politician.
 Luthuli was elected president of the African National Congress (ANC) in 1952, at the time an umbrella organisation that led opposition to the white minority government in South Africa, and served until his accidental death.
 He was awarded the 1960 Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the non-violent struggle against apartheid.
 He was the first African, and the first person from outside Europe and the Americas, to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Dawn Engle
Dawn Engle is the co-founder and executive director of the non-profit organization, the PeaceJam Foundation.
 The PeaceJam program was launched in February 1996 by co-founders Dawn Engle and Ivan Suvanjieff to provide the Nobel Peace Prize Laureates with a programmatic vehicle to use in working together to teach youth the art of peace.
 To date, 14 Nobel Peace Laureates, including the Dalai Lama, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Rigoberta Menchú Tum, President Oscar Arias, Adolfo Pérez Esquivel, Mairead Corrigan Maguire, Betty Williams, President José Ramos-Horta, Tawakkol Karman, Sir Joseph Rotblat (Emeritus), Leymah Gbowee, Jody Williams, Kailash Satyarthi, and Shirin Ebadi, serve as members of the PeaceJam Foundation.
 To date, over one million young people from 39 countries around the world have participated in the year long, award-winning PeaceJam curricular program.
 Engle and her husband Ivan Suvanjieff have been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize fifteen times, and they were leading contenders for the 2015 Nobel Peace Prize.
 Engle is the co-director of multiple documentaries, including "PEACEJAM," and co-author of the book, "PeaceJam: A Billion Simple Acts of Peace" that was published by Penguin in 2008.
 She has also directed the award-winning documentary films, "Children of the Light," "", "Daughter of the Maya", and "Without A Shot Fired" which are the first four films in PeaceJam's Nobel Legacy Film Series. World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates
The World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates was initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev in the 90s, as a forum in which the Nobel Peace Laureates and the Peace Laureate Organizations could come together to address global issues with a view to encourage and support peace and human well being in the world.
 Its Permanent Secretariat is an independent, non-profit, ECOSOC non-governmental organization, based in Rome, operating on a permanent basis.
 A permanent staff, mainly composed of volunteers, promotes the work of the Nobel Peace Prize Winners and organizes the World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates on a yearly basis.
 To date, the Permanent Secretariat has organized 16 Summits, the most recent having been held in February 2017 in the city of Bogota, Colombia.
 This was the first time that the Summit took place in Latin America.