How tall is this monument in St. Louis built after the Apotheosis of St. Louis, which became an international symbol for the city?
630 ft
Gateway Arch
The Gateway Arch is a 630 ft monument in St. Louis in the U.S. state of Missouri.
 Clad in stainless steel and built in the form of an inverted, weighted catenary arch, it is the world's tallest arch, the tallest man-made monument in the Western Hemisphere, and Missouri's tallest accessible building.
 Built as a monument to the westward expansion of the United States, and officially dedicated to "the American people," it is the centerpiece of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial and has become an internationally recognized symbol of St. Louis, as well as a popular tourist destination.
Apotheosis of St. Louis
Apotheosis of St. Louis is a statue of King Louis IX of France, namesake of St. Louis, Missouri, located in front of the Saint Louis Art Museum in Forest Park.
 Prior to the completion of the Gateway Arch, the statue was the principal symbol of the city.
 It has served in the iconography of St. Louis for more than a century.
Kate Chopin House (St. Louis, Missouri)
The Kate Chopin House, located at 4232 McPherson Avenue in St. Louis, Missouri, is the former home of author Kate Chopin.
 The house was built in 1897 by contractor Oscar F. Humphrey.
 Chopin moved to the house in 1903 and lived there until her death in 1904; while living in the house, she wrote her last poem and story.
 Chopin grew up in St. Louis before moving to Louisiana with her husband; after his death, she returned to St. Louis, where she began her writing career.
 Her stories discussed the evolving role of women in American society, and contemporary literary critics considered her one of the most significant St. Louis authors of the period.
 The house at 4232 McPherson is her only surviving former residence in St. Louis. History of the St. Louis Cardinals (1875–1919)
The St. Louis Cardinals, a professional baseball franchise based in St. Louis, Missouri, compete in the National League (NL) of Major League Baseball (MLB).
 As the game of baseball garnered interest in the United States in the 19th century, professional baseball in St. Louis became rooted chiefly in one disestablished Major League club – named the Brown Stockings, the same as the Cardinals' earliest name – which is loosely connected, but does not fall within the scope of, today's Cardinals.
 The Brown Stockings became St. Louis' first fully professional baseball club when they gained accession in the National Association (NA) in 1875.
 However, the NA folded after that season.
 That winter, with five other former NA teams, St. Louis established a new, eight-team league called the National League (NL) and began play the next season.
 Despite early success, Brown Stocking players were found to be connected to game fixing scandals, which forced bankruptcy and the club's expulsion from the NL.
 This scandal also abrogated their professional status but some members maintained play as a semi-professional team, primarily operated by outfielder Ned Cuthbert, until 1881. T.R. Carr
T.R. Carr was the mayor of the city of Hazelwood, Missouri in northern St. Louis County, Missouri, from April 2000 until April 2009.
 He is Professor of Public Administration at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville (SIUE) and Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Urban Research at SIUE.
 Carr represents SIUE on the State University Retirement System Member Advisory Board.
 He is board member and Treasurer of the St. Louis - Samara (Russia) Sister City Committee.
 Carr is a member of the Board of North County, Inc., an economic development organization in St. Louis County.
 He is a Commissioner on the St. Louis County Boundary Commission that reviews all municipal annexation plans within St. Louis County.
 He is a Board Member for the Northwest Chamber of Commerce in St. Louis County.
 Carr served on the Executive Board of the St. Louis County Municipal League and as League President 2007-2008.
 Carr served as Chairman of the Standing Committee on Policy and Resolutions of the Missouri Municipal League 2004 to 2009.
 He served on the St. Louis County Fire Standards Commission 2005 - 2009.
 He served on the East-West Gateway Council of Governments Board 2007-2009.
 Carr served as a member, then as Chairman of the Community Advisory Board for SSM Hospital 2000-2009.
 He has served as Department Chair of Public Administration and Policy Analysis and as Director of the Master of Public Administration Program at SIUE.
 He maintained these academic positions before, during, and after, his tenure as mayor. St. Louis tornado history
The St. Louis, Missouri metropolitan area has a history of tornadoes.
 The third-deadliest, and the costliest in United States history, the 1896 St. Louis – East St. Louis tornado, injured more than one thousand people and caused at least 255 fatalities in the City of St. Louis and in East St. Louis.
 The second-costliest tornado also occurred in St. Louis in September 1927.
 More tornado fatalities occurred in St. Louis than any other city in the United States.
 Also noteworthy is that destructive tornadoes occurred in winter and autumn, as well as the typical months of spring.
 Additionally, damaging tornadoes occurred in the morning and late at night, as well as the more common late-afternoon to early-evening maximum period. Louis Vasquez
Pierre Luis Vasquez (October 3, 1798 – September 5, 1868) was a mountain man and trader.
 He was born and raised at St. Louis, Missouri.
 Pierre Luis Vasquez was the son of Benito Vasquez and Marie-Julie Papin (daughter of Pierre Papin & Catherine Guichard.
 Benito was born in Galicia, Spain in 1738 son of Francisco Vasquez and Marie de La Ponte.
 Many historians write that Pierre Luis was a Mexican-American but he was of French and Spanish (European) descent.
 In 1823, he became a fur man, receiving his first license to trade with the Pawnee.
 By the early 1830s he had shifted his operations to the mountains, a popular and active mountain man and trader.
 Pierre Luis was nicknamed "Old Vaskiss" by other Mountain men.
 Vasquez became a partner of Andrew Sublette, perhaps in 1834, returned to St. Louis in 1835, and went back to trade on the South Platte that winter and built Fort Vasquez that year after obtaining a trading license in St. Louis, Missouri, from William Clark, the Superintendent of Indian Affairs.
 He traveled back and forth between the mountains and St. Louis almost yearly, his reputation growing.
 Unable to turn a profit, they sold Fort Vasquez to Lock and Randolph in 1840 who subsequently went bankrupt and abandoned the structures in 1842.
 Due to the bankruptcy, Luis Vasquez and Andrew Sublette could not collect the sum owed to them for the sale.
 Vasquez then became associated with Jim Bridger.
 By 1843 they had built Fort Bridger on Blacks Fork of the Green River, which became as much an emigrant station as trading post.
 At St. Louis in 1846 Vasquez married a widow, Mrs. Narcissa Land Ashcraft and took his new family, her son and daughter, to Fort Bridger in Wyoming.
 Vasquez opened a store at Salt Lake City in 1855.
 He and Bridger sold their fort in 1858, but Vasquez already had retired to Missouri.
 He died at his Westport home, and was buried at St. Mary's Church cemetery. History of St. Louis (1905–80)
The history of St. Louis, Missouri, from 1905 to 1980 saw declines in population and economic basis, particularly after World War II.
 Although St. Louis made civic improvements in the 1920s and enacted pollution controls in the 1930s, suburban growth accelerated and the city population fell dramatically from the 1950s to the 1980s.
 Like many urban areas, St. Louis experienced high unemployment during the Great Depression, then expanded its industrial base during World War II.
 The city became home to the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial during the 1930s, and during the 1960s the Gateway Arch was built on the memorial grounds.
 St. Louis City and St. Louis County made multiple attempts at consolidation during the period, but none were particularly successful.
 Despite attempts at urban renewal that included public housing projects such as the Pruitt-Igoe complex, and the city continued to lose population to county cities. Streetcars in St. Louis
Streetcars in St. Louis, Missouri operated as part of the transportation network of St. Louis from the middle of the 19th century through the early 1960s.
 During the first forty years of the streetcar in the city, a variety of private companies operated several dozen lines; from the start of the 20th century, most of these companies consolidated into the St. Louis Public Service Company, which served both the city of St. Louis and neighboring St. Louis County, Missouri.
 Other private companies, such as those serving the Metro East region or St. Charles, Missouri, continued separate operations.
 Starting in the 1930s and continuing through the 1960s, St. Louis Public Service ended all streetcar service, while other regional operators also ended their services. Old North St. Louis
Old North St. Louis is a neighborhood just north and slightly west of the downtown area of St. Louis, Missouri.
 Known for the landmark Crown Candy Kitchen, historic 19th century brick homes, and its award-winning community gardens, the neighborhood now known as Old North St. Louis was established as the independent village of North St. Louis in 1816 and was annexed by the City of St. Louis in 1841.
 After many generations as a very densely populated neighborhood, Old North St. Louis experienced several decades of population losses and deterioration of the community's housing stock.
 Over the past several years, however, the community has started to experience a dramatic revitalization led by the community-based Old North St. Louis Restoration Group, a non-profit organization.
 ONSLRG pursues a mission of revitalizing the physical and social dimensions of the Old North St. Louis neighborhood in a manner that respects the neighborhood's historic, cultural and urban character.