In which year did the husband of Jean Case of the Case Foundation retire from the company he had co-founded?
2003
Steve Case
Stephen McConnell "Steve" Case (born August 21, 1958) is an American entrepreneur, investor, and businessman best known as the co-founder and former chief executive officer and chairman of America Online (AOL).
 Since his retirement as chairman of AOL Time Warner in 2003, he has gone on to invest in early and growth-stage startups through his Washington, D.C. based venture capital firm Revolution LLC.
 Case authored "The Third Wave: An Entrepreneur's Vision of the Future" which became a New York Times bestselling book in 2016.
 Case recently gave a fireside chat at TechCrunch Disrupt NYC, on May 16, 2017, titled "Building Silicon Valley Outside of the Valley."
Jean Case
Jean N. Case (born 1959) is CEO of the Case Foundation, which she and her husband, AOL co-founder Steve Case, created in 1997.
 The Cases joined the Giving Pledge in 2011, committing to give away a majority of their wealth.
Heinbach v Heinbach
Heinbach v Heinbach, a court case in the early 1910s, was between Mary Alice "Mollie" Heinbach and Jesse Heinbach to probate the will of Jesse's father and Mary's husband, Samuel "Sam" Heinbach.
 Samuel's will gave Mary a tract of land near the :Atlas Portland Cement Company in Ilasco, Missouri, just outside Hannibal.
 Sam's children argued that Mary had undue influence over him and the will, pointing to his alcoholism and deteriorating health.
 This case went to the Supreme Court of Missouri numerous times before it was resolved.
 This case was well documented in the book, "Insane Sisters: Or, the Price Paid for Challenging a Company Town", by Gregg Andrews. Robert Frascino
Robert James Frascino (June 12, 1952 – September 17, 2011) was an American physician, immunologist, and advocate for HIV-positive people.
 He was one of the first physicians to specialize in HIV during the outbreak of the AIDS virus in the early 1980s.
 After an occupational exposure to the virus in 1991 left him HIV-positive, his health declined, and he had to retire from his work as a physician in 1996.
 At that time, he became active in HIV/AIDS education and advocacy.
 In 1999, he co-founded the Robert James Frascino AIDS Foundation, a nonprofit organization that raises money to benefit AIDS patients in need of treatment and to fund HIV/AIDS educational programs worldwide.
 A concert pianist, Frascino performed annually with other musicians at A Concerted Effort, a benefit concert for his charity.
 From May 2000 until his death, he responded to questions from the public in two informational forums on TheBody.com, an educational resource on HIV/AIDS run by Remedy Health Media. Maija-Liisa Lahtinen
Maija-Liisa Lahtinen (b. September, 1949 in Helsinki) is a former director of a Finnish foundation and museum "Museum Villa Urpo", which is named after her late husband, Finnish magazine publisher Urpo Lahtinen.
 Mrs. Lahtinen became notorious in Finland after the foundation she and her late husband had established was involved in multiple lawsuits started by Urpo Lahtinen's undistributed estate.
 In spring 2005 Mrs. Lahtinen was sentenced to three years in prison for gross fraudulent conversion, after which she disappeared in an apparent attempt to evade the prison sentence.
 Currently, she is living in Switzerland.
 There is a request from the Finnish authorities for the Swiss counterparts to return her to Finland, but by Swiss law she cannot be sent to Finland.
 She is wanted by the Interpol after a request by Finnish officials.
 Her location in Switzerland is known to Finnish police and press.
 .
 The civil and criminal lawsuits around the case are still largely open, and some of the lawsuits can not be continued without the presence of Mrs. Lahtinen.
 In 2006 the court declared Mrs. Lahtinen bankrupt, because she had been ordered to compensate over 13 million euros to Urpo Lahtinen's undistributed estate in one of the lawsuits Jean Betts
Jean Betts is a London born New Zealand playwright , actor and director.
 She emigrated with her parents, both founders of Unity Theatre, London, to Christchurch, New Zealand.
 She obtained a degree at University of Canterbury in English Literature and New Zealand and Pacific History.
 and graduated from the New Zealand Drama School (now Toi Whakaari) in 1970, the inaugural year when its founder, Nola Millar, was principal.
 During her time as actor and director at Gateway, BATS, Downstage and Circa Theatres, she became a foundation member of Playmarket (New Zealand, 1975), Circa Theatre (Wellington, 1976) and Taki Rua/The Depot Theatre (Wellington, 1983).
 In 1979 Jean worked at ESTA (English Speaking Theatre Amsterdam) as actor/director, and was a founding member of the expatriate (New Zealand) group 'The Heartache and Sorrow Company' (directing) which presented work in Amsterdam, Germany, London, and at the Edinburgh Festival, where the group received a 'Fringe First' and a Scotsman's Award.
 In 1993 she co-founded the Women's Professional Playwrights Association (WOPPA) which premiered her play "Ophelia Thinks Harder", and established The Women's Play Press with Lorae Parry, Cathy Downes, Viv Plumb and Fiona Samuel.
 ("Ophelia Thinks Harder" has subsequently been translated in German and Italian and produced over 160 times.)
 In 2005 she set up a small NZ play publishing project, The Play Press (www.playpress.co.nz).
 She has been a finalist for the Susan Smith Blackburn Prize twice; and in 2015 received the Playmarket Award of $20,000 for her contribution to New Zealand Theatre. Caren Merrick
Caren DeWitt Merrick is an American entrepreneur who co-founded webMethods with her husband Phillip Merrick in 1996.
 webMethods is the most successful software IPO to date, with the fourth most successful debut on the NASDAQ.
 Caren and Phillip also founded the webMethods Foundation in 2001, the year of their IPO, a private family foundation named after their successful company.
 The purpose of the foundation was to help lower income families, primarily in the area of education.
 One of the foundation's first grants was to Venture Philanthropy Partners. Ioanna-Maria Gertsou
Ioanna-Maria Gertsou was born on January 20, 1979 in Athens Greece and she is visually impaired due to retinopathy of prematurity.
 She is mostly known as representative of the guide dog movement, through "Lara Guide-Dog School Hellas" a non - profit organisation that she co-founded in 2008.
 She is an activist, promoting human diversity, guide dog access, physical and electronic accessibility and animal rights.
 She is also a scientist with superior studies in experimental psychology and cognitive science.
 From 2006 to 2012, she worked as a researcher in the Human/computer Interaction Laboratory, located at the Foundation of Research and Technology Hellas (F.O.R.T.H.) which is considered to be a major scientific center worldwide.
 In 2008, during a visit at F.O.R.T.H the President of the Hellenic Republic, Karolos Papoulias was moved by her presentation and did something extraordinary: he bowed and kissed her hand to show his respect.
 Ioanna-Maria is one among the very few visually impaired / disabled researchers around the world and the only one, employed in Greece.
 Additionally, she is considered to be a rare case of a person who is blind since birth to exhibit visual synaesthesia.
 That is why, she is being asked to contribute to experiments, studies and projects regarding perception and the crossing of the senses.
 Every year, she is invited and participates in numerous conferences, arising matters varying from psychological research to guide dogs and contemporary issues as youth unemployment., Her knoweledge in psychology is often shared on newspapers and blogs.
 She was the first person to enter with her guide dog (and a dog in general), into the Hellenic Parliament and the European Parliament.
 In 2009, she protested through the web because her guide dog was denied in two reustaurants.
 She wrote a letter which went viral and caused great awareness.
 Following this incident, one year later a Spanish tourist named Antonia Pons Losada was not permitted into the new Acropolis Museum with her guide dog.
 As a result of local and international outcry regarding issues of guide dog access in Greece on August 2010, Ioanna contributed to the voting of the first national law, related to guide dogs.
 As soon as the law was approved by the Hellenic Parliament, she took her guide dog "May" and a Television crew for a visit to the Acropolis Museum.
 Today on the Museum's website we are informed that "guide and assistance dogs, are welcome".
 According to the law 3868/2010, guide, assistance and therapy dogs are allowed practically everywhere in Greece.
 The law was recently reviewed, including guide/assistance/therapy dogs who are still in training and claryfing that they can enter into transportation means, without a muzzle.
 While transforming Greece into a role model for guide dog access, she joined the board of directors of the European Guide Dog Federation to defend the rights and access of guide dog teams, throughout the European Union.
 In 2013 at the European Parliament, she and former MEP Jorgo Chatzimarkakis were the main rapporteurs for the voting of an E.U. direction, aiming to promote e-accessibility on governmental websites.
 The direction was approved in 2014.
 Ioanna-Maria, was two times a political candidate.
 One in the 2009 Hellenic National Elections with the Ecogreens Party and one in the 2014 European Elections with the "Greek European Citizens Party".
 She was a paracycling athlete.
 Always accompanied by her two guide dogs "Lara" and "May", she had appeared on several documentaries, TV shows, movies and public events., The references are mainly in Greek. Michaëlle Jean Foundation
The Michaëlle Jean Foundation is an independent non-profit organization established by former Governor General of Canada Michaëlle Jean upon her retirement from that position in 2010.
 Its aim is to collaborate with other Canadian organizations across Canada to work with disadvantaged youth and effect change in their communities through the arts.
 The co-presidents of the foundation are Michaëlle Jean and her husband Jean-Daniel Lafond who also serves as CEO. Case Foundation
Founded in 1997 by AOL co-founder Steve Case and his wife Jean Case, the Case Foundation invests in individuals, nonprofits, and social enterprises aiming to connect people, increase giving, and catalyze civic action.