Which dog, the Swedish Lapphund or the Scotch Collie, was used by the Sami people for herding and guarding their reindeer?
Swedish Lapphund
Swedish Lapphund
The Swedish Lapphund is a breed of dog of the Spitz type from Sweden, one of three "Lapphund" breeds developed from a type of dog used by the Sami people for herding and guarding their reindeer.
Scotch Collie
The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland.
 The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie.
 It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes.
 Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.
Beaska
Beaska is a coat made of reindeer fur used by the Sami people, particularly in Torne.
 In Gällivare "beaska" means thicker fur and is mainly used by the richer people.
 In Northern Sami language it could also mean "newer fur" as it was of young reindeer calves, which are themselves called "peschki" in some dialects.
 The Norwegian word for fur is pesk, which comes from "päsket"- to cut.
 The Sami people also use the word "muoddá" (In Swedish: "mudd"). Reindeer Act
The Reindeer Act or Reindeer Industry Act of 1937 is a United States federal law passed in 1937 by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt on September 1 of that year.
 The act effectively prohibited the ownership of reindeer herds in Alaska by non-Native Americans.
 The act was intended to provide for Alaskan natives and to allow them to establish a self-sustaining industry.
 Authority to promulgate rules regarding the ownership and maintenance of reindeer herds was delegated to the Bureau of Indian Affairs via the Secretary of the Interior, who banned most transactions to non-natives.
 The act was modeled in part on Norwegian and Swedish policies on the ownership of reindeer by the Sami people of Lapland.
 Many Sami had arrived in Alaska to manage the reindeer in the 1930s.
 The Alaskan Sami were required to sell their herds to the government, and many left Alaska after doing so. Lapponian Herder
The Lapponian herder (Lapinporokoira or "Lapp Reindeer dog" or Lapsk Vallhund) is a breed of dog from Finland, one of three "Lapphund" breeds developed from a type of dog used by the Sami people for herding and guarding their reindeer. Forest Sami
The forest Sami (Swedish: Skogssamer ) were a Sami people who worked in the woods and who, in contrast to the reindeer-herding Sami people (the "fell Sami"), did not move up into the fells during the summer season.
 Historically, there have been forest Sami in Sweden from northern Ångermanland to the far north.
 In the early 1600s, the term "granlapp" was also used to refer to Sami people who paid tax only to Sweden, compared to the semi-nomadic fell Sami who worked in the fells which straddle the Swedish-Norwegian border and therefore had to pay tax to both countries.
 When Ernst Manker studied the life of the forest Sami in the early 20th century, practically all of their habitations had been abandoned.
 Only one forest Sami village remained, in Malå in Västerbotten.
 The area was known as Stenundslandet in Anundsjö. Lavvu
Lavvu (or Northern Sami: "lávvu" , Inari Sami: "láávu" , Skolt Sami: "kååvas" , Kildin Sami: koavas , Finnish: "kota or umpilaavu" , Norwegian: "lavvo or sametelt" , and Swedish: "kåta" ) is a temporary dwelling used by the Sami people of northern Scandinavia.
 It has a design similar to a Native American tipi but is less vertical and more stable in high winds.
 It enables the indigenous cultures of the treeless plains of northern Scandinavia and the high arctic of Eurasia to follow their reindeer herds.
 It is still used as a temporary shelter by the Sami, and increasingly by other people for camping.
 It should not be confused with the goahti, an other type of Sami dwelling, or the Finnish laavu. Siida
The siida is a Sami local community that has existed from time immemorial.
 A siida (in different Sami languages "cearru", "siida", "sita", "kite"), or a "reindeer pastoralistic district," is a Sami reindeer foraging area, a group for reindeer herding and a corporation working for the economic benefit of its members.
 The reindeer herding siida has formed as an adaptation of ancient siida principles to large-scale nomadic reindeer herding.
 It is termed a "sameby" ("Sami village") in Swedish law, "reinbeitesdistrikt" ("reindeer pasture district") in Norwegian law, and "paliskunta" in Finnish law.
 The pastoralistic organisation differs slightly between countries, except in Russia, where kolkhoz has replaced these earlier organisations. Collie
The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.
 The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.
 The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.
 Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.
 Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.
 Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.
 Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.
 While the AKC has a breed they call "Collie", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.
 There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.
 They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity. Lappland
Unlike the English word "Lapland", the Swedish word is not used to indicate the area specifically inhabited by the Sami people.
 An old Swedish word for the Sami area under Swedish control was "Lappmarken".
 A more modern Swedish term for the area of the Sami people is Sameland.