What revolutionary state was established by Dáil Éireann in 1919?
Irish Republic
Irish Republic
The Irish Republic (Irish: "Poblacht na hÉireann" or "Saorstát Éireann" ) was a revolutionary state that declared its independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in January 1919 (not to be confused with the proclamation of the Irish Republic that was a different Irish Republic or the Republic of Ireland Act 1948).
 The Republic claimed jurisdiction over the whole island of Ireland, but by 1920 its functional control was limited to only 21 of Ireland's 32 counties, and British state forces maintained presence across much of the north-east, as well as Cork, Dublin and other major towns.
Minister for Industries
The Minister for Industries was a position in the Government of the Irish Republic, the self-declared state which was established in 1919 by Dáil Éireann, the parliamentary assembly made up of the majority of Irish MPs elected in the 1918 general election.
 The portfolio was created to promote industrial development throughout the country.
 The post was abolished after two years in existence.
Dáil Constitution
The Constitution of Dáil Éireann (Irish: "Bunreacht Dála Éireann" ), more commonly known as the Dáil Constitution, was the constitution of the 1919–22 Irish Republic.
 It was adopted by the First Dáil at its first meeting on 21 January 1919 and remained in force for four years.
 As adopted it consisted of only five short articles.
 Article 1 declared that the Dáil had "full powers to legislate" and would consist of representatives elected in elections conducted by the British government.
 For the exercise of executive power it created a cabinet, answerable to the Dáil, called the Aireacht (or Ministry), headed by a prime minister called the "Príomh Aire" (in practice also known as the President of Dáil Éireann).
 The constitution made no reference to a judiciary but this did not prevent the Dáil from establishing a system of Dáil Courts.
 The final article of the constitution declared that it was intended to be a provisional document, in the sense that it was subject to amendment.
 As adopted the constitution came to only around 370 words.
 In comparison, the modern Constitution of Ireland has approximately 16,000 words.
 Overall, the structure of the document was roughly as follows: Aireacht
The Aireacht (] , meaning "Ministry") was the cabinet of the 1919–1922 Irish Republic.
 The Aireacht was originally established by the Dáil Constitution adopted by the First Dáil in 1919, after it issued the Irish Declaration of Independence.
 This constitution provided for a cabinet consisting of a head of government, known as the Príomh Aire or 'President of Dáil Éireann', and four other ministers.
 The Irish Republic modelled itself on the parliamentary system of government and so its cabinet was theoretically appointed by and answerable to the Dáil.
 Under the constitution the President was elected by the Dáil, while the remaining ministers were nominated by the President and then ratified by the Dáil.
 The Dáil could dismiss both the cabinet as a whole and individual ministers by passing a resolution.
 Ministers could also be dismissed by the President. Second Dáil
The Second Dáil (Irish: "An Dara Dáil" ) was Dáil Éireann as it convened from 16 August 1921 until 8 June 1922.
 From 1919–1922 Dáil Éireann was the revolutionary parliament of the self-proclaimed Irish Republic.
 The Second Dáil consisted of members elected in 1921.
 One of its most important acts was to bring an end to the War of Independence by ratifying the controversial Anglo-Irish Treaty. First Dáil
The First Dáil (Irish: "An Chéad Dáil" ) was Dáil Éireann as it convened from 1919–1921.
 It was the first meeting of the unicameral parliament of the revolutionary Irish Republic.
 In 1919 candidates who had been elected in the Westminster elections of 1918 refused to recognise the Parliament of the United Kingdom and instead established an independent legislature in Dublin called "Dáil Éireann" "(English: Assembly of Ireland)".
 The establishment of the First Dáil occurred on the same day as the outbreak of the Irish War of Independence.
 After elections in 1921 the First Dáil was succeeded by the Second Dáil of 1921–1922. President of Dáil Éireann
The President of Dáil Éireann was the leader of the revolutionary Irish Republic of 1919–1921.
 The office, also known as Príomh Aire (] ), was created in the Dáil Constitution adopted by Dáil Éireann, the parliament of the Republic, at its first meeting in January 1919.
 This provided that the President was elected by the Dáil as head of a cabinet called the 'Ministry'.
 During the period of the Republic there were two office-holders, Cathal Brugha (on a provisional basis) and Éamon de Valera. Dáil Éireann (Irish Free State)
Dáil Éireann served as the directly elected lower house of the Oireachtas of the Irish Free State from 1922 to 1937.
 The Free State constitution described the role of the house as that of a "Chamber of Deputies".
 Until 1936 the Free State Oireachtas also included an upper house known as the Seanad.
 Like its modern successor, the Free State Dáil was, in any case, the dominant component of the legislature; it effectively had authority to enact almost any law it chose, and to appoint and dismiss the President of the Executive Council (prime minister).
 The Free State Dáil ceased to be with the creation of the modern 'Dáil Éireann' under the terms of the 1937 Constitution of Ireland.
 Both the Dáil and Seanad sat in Leinster House. List of addresses to the Oireachtas
Several distinguished leaders have addressed a joint session of Dáil Éireann and Seanad Éireann, the two houses of the Oireachtas or parliament of Ireland.
 The President of Ireland is entitled to make such an address under Article 13.7.1° of the Constitution.
 T. M. Healy, the first Governor-General of the Irish Free State, made addresses in 1922 and 1923 modelled on the British speech from the throne.
 Several foreign leaders have been honoured with an invitation to address the Oireachtas, typically during a state visit.
 A few leaders have also addressed Dáil Éireann sitting alone; those are also listed below.
 The standing orders of Seanad Éireann more readily allow addresses by non-members: see the list of addresses to Seanad Éireann. Irish Republican Army (1919–1922)
The Irish Republican Army (IRA) (Irish: "Óglaigh na hÉireann" ) was an Irish republican revolutionary paramilitary organisation.
 The ancestor to many groups also known as the Irish Republican Army, it was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916.
 In 1919, the Irish Republic that had been proclaimed during the Easter Rising was formally established by an elected assembly (Dáil Éireann), and the Irish Volunteers were recognised by Dáil Éireann as its legitimate army.
 Thereafter, the IRA waged a guerrilla campaign against the British occupation of Ireland in the 1919–21 Irish War of Independence.