These models are often referred to as alternative payment  models. Small and Rural Physician Practices Face a Number of Challenges when Deciding Whether to Participate or when Participating in Value- based Payment Models

According to literature we reviewed and the 38 stakeholders we  interviewed, small and rural physician practices face many challenges  associated with deciding whether to participate, when to begin  participating, or whether to continue participating in value-based payment  models. Provide population health management services.
What GAO Found

Based on a review of literature and interviews with 38 stakeholders, GAO identified challenges faced by small and rural physician practices when participating in Medicare's new payment models. These models, known as value-based payment models, are intended to reward health care providers for resource use and quality, rather than volume, of services. The challenges identified are in five key topic areas.