1) Rationalised 2023-24
MATRICES         45
Previously quantities (in standard units) produced by factory A  were
Revised quantities produced by factory A are as given below:
Boys
Girls
2 80
2
60
1
2 2
75
2
65
3 2 90
2 85
×
×




×
×




×
×


This can be represented in the matrix form as 
160
120
150
130
180
170









 We observe that
the new matrix is obtained by multiplying each element of the previous matrix by 2 In general, we may define multiplication of a matrix by a scalar as follows: if
A = [aij] m × n is a matrix and k is a scalar, then kA is another matrix which is obtained
by multiplying each element of A by the scalar k