Lanthanum and all the lanthanoids are rather soft white
metals They react easily with water to give solutions giving +3 ions The principal
oxidation state is +3, although +4 and +2 oxidation states are also exhibited by some
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Summary
Rationalised 2023-24
115
The d- and f- Block Elements
occasionally The chemistry of the actinoids is more complex in view of their ability to
exist in different oxidation states