In a uniform electric field E, a dipole experiences a torque τ  given by
τ  = p × E
but experiences no net force 14 The flux Df of electric field E through a small area element DS is
given by
 Df  = E DS
The vector area element DS is
DS = DS ˆn
where DS is the magnitude of the area element and ˆn  is normal to the
area element, which can be considered planar for sufficiently small DS