Since halogen atoms are more electronegative than carbon, the carbon-
halogen bond of alkyl halide is polarised; the carbon atom bears a partial positive
charge, and the halogen atom bears a partial negative charge Alkyl halides are prepared by the free radical halogenation of alkanes, addition
of halogen acids to alkenes, replacement of –OH group of alcohols with halogens using
Rationalised 2023-24
189 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
phosphorus halides, thionyl chloride or halogen acids Aryl halides are prepared by
electrophilic substitution to arenes Fluorides and iodides are best prepared by halogen
exchange method