5
3
5
7
3
3 5
21
9
2
0
5
6
0
15








−
=
−












Negative of a matrix The negative of a matrix is denoted by – A We define
–A = (– 1) A Rationalised 2023-24
 46
MATHEMATICS
For example, let
A =
3
1
5
x




−

, then – A is given by
– A = (– 1)
3
1
3
1
A
( 1)
5
5
x
x
−
−




= −
=




−
−




Difference of matrices  If A = [aij], B = [bij] are two matrices of the same order,
say m × n, then difference A – B is defined as a matrix D = [dij], where dij = aij – bij,
for all value of i and j In other words, D = A – B = A + (–1) B, that is sum of the matrix
A and the matrix – B