5 3 Oxidation
States
Fig 4 6: Trends in ionic radii of lanthanoids
Rationalised 2023-24
110
Chemistry
Electronic configurations*
Radii/pm
Atomic
 Name
Symbol
 Ln
Ln
2+
Ln
3+
Ln
4+
Ln
Ln
3+
Number
57
Lanthanum
La
5d
16s
2
5d
1
4f 
0
187
106
58
Cerium
Ce
4f
15d
16s
2
4f 
2
4f 
1
4f 
0
183
103
59
Praseodymium
Pr
4f 
36s
2
4f 
3
4f 
2
4f 
1
182
101
60
Neodymium
Nd
4f 
46s
2
4f 
4
4f 
3
4f 
2
181
99
61
Promethium
Pm
4f 
56s
2
4f 
5
4f 
4
181
98
62
Samarium
Sm
4f 
66s
2
4f 
6
4f 
5
180
96
63
Europium
Eu
4f 
76s
2
4f 
7
4f 
6
199
95
64
Gadolinium
Gd
4f 
75d
16s
2
4f 
75d
1
4f 
7
180
94
65
Terbium
Tb
4f 
96s
2
4f 
9
4f 
8
4f 
7
178
92
66
Dysprosium
Dy
4f 
106s
2
4f 
10
4f 
9
4f 
8
177
91
67
Holmium
Ho
4f 
116s
2
4f 
11
4f 
10
176
89
68
Erbium
Er
4f 
126s
2
4f 
12
4f 
11
175
88
69
Thulium
Tm
4f 
136s
2
4f 
13
4f 
12
174
87
70
Ytterbium
Yb
4f 
146s
2
4f 
14
4f 
13
173
86
71
Lutetium
Lu
4f 
145d
16s
2
4f 
145d
1
4f 
14
–
–
–
Table 4