e , s and p), hence, they are more
influenced by the surroundings as well as affect the atoms or molecules
surrounding them In some respects, ions of a given d
n configuration
(n = 1 – 9) have similar magnetic and electronic properties With partly
filled d orbitals these elements exhibit certain characteristic properties
such as display of a variety of oxidation states, formation of coloured
ions and entering into complex formation with a variety of ligands