The positive ions made up of the nuclei
and the bound electrons remain held in their fixed positions In electrolytic
conductors, the charge carriers are both positive and negative ions; but
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the situation in this case is more involved – the movement of the charge
carriers is affected both by the external electric field as also by the
so-called chemical forces (see Chapter 3) We shall restrict our discussion
to metallic solid conductors Let us note important results regarding
electrostatics of conductors