Thomas Hunter, 58, of Mansfield Road, Mansfield, was arrested after the crash on the A34 at Hinksey Hill, Oxford, on 25 August.
Isla Wiggin, who was in another car, died in hospital on 27 August.
Mr Hunter has also been charged with causing serious injury to a 31-year-old woman by dangerous driving.
He has been released on bail to appear at Oxford Magistrates' Court on 17 January.
A lorry and seven cars were involved in the accident which closed the northbound carriageway for almost 10 hours.
A family statement said Isla, from Fleet in Hampshire, was "a loving and caring" daughter who "would have made an amazing big sister".
A man has been charged with causing the death of a three-year-old girl by dangerous driving in a crash involving eight vehicles.