14 January 2016 Last updated at 07:55 GMT
A special ship will drill more than 5000 metres down through the ocean floor to reach the super hot rocks of the planet's crust.
The team have picked an area in the Indian Ocean because the earth's crust is thinner there than in other places.
They also hope to find out if anything can survive the heat and pressure to live down there.
Watch Leah's report to find out more...
Scientists hope to find out more about how our planet was formed by studying the rocks buried deep under our feet.