Straker, 27, has been without a club since leaving York in January, where he made 27 appearances.
He began his career at Crystal Palace and helped Aldershot Town win the Conference title in 2008, before moving to Southend United.
Grimsby are currently third in the National League, having lost only one game in the league since October.
Grimsby Town have signed former York City midfielder Anthony Straker on a deal until the end of the season.