anchor.diff:  128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 255
   ```
   
  -What this means is `255` is like saying the entire part of that octet is used. If you had the ip address `195.151.34.0` with a `/24` or `255.255.255.0` mask you are saying is for the first three octets all the IPs are used, notice the `255`*. The fourth octet on the other hand is `.0`, which means you can assign all the hosts of that octet. So I could theoretically assign `195.151.34.1`, `195.151.34.2`, all the way to , `195.151.34.255` to some devices connected to the network.
  -
  -I put an asterisk on `255` because a `/24` does not really give `255` hosts. It's actually `256` ip address and `254` usable. This is because you can't assign `.0` on an ip address and you can't really assign `.255` because its the broadcast addresses. Your usable range of IPs on a `/24` is `.1` to `.254`. The same goes for other mask, you can't assign the first or last host id of an address. Keep this in mind when creating your subnets, you'll see why later on.
  -
  -What all this means is mask help to partition our network.
  +When you have `255` it's like saying the entire part of that octet is used. Lets take an ip address `195.151.34.0` with a `/24` or `255.255.255.0` mask. The `255` for the first three octets of the IP are considered used because `255` is the max bits that can be active in an octet. The fourth octet on the other hand is `.0`. This means you can assign all the hosts of that octet because a `0` in an octet is the same as say all the bits are inactive. So I could theoretically assign `195.151.34.1`, `195.151.34.2` all the way to `195.151.34.255` to the devices connected to the network.
  +
  +Now something to note about the range of a mask. If you have a `/24` (`255.255.255.0`) mask you don't actually have `255` hosts. It's actually `256` ip address and `254` usable. First the total hosts is 256 because you include the .0 and .255 in the count. However, you can't assign `.0` on an ip address and you can't really assign `.255` because its the broadcast addresses. Your usable range of IPs on a `/24` is `.1` to `.254`. The same goes for other mask, you can't assign the first or last host id of an address. So when you calulate a mask simply remove 2 from the total to get the total usable hosts. Keep this in mind when creating your subnets, you'll see why later on.
  +
  +In short mask help to partition our network.
   
   Here is a table to help you with subnetting:
   [cols="4*"]
  
positive.code: Lab 4: 195.151.34.96/27
  ```
  
  First we need to find a subnet that can support 30 hosts, the largest computer lab. `/27` can do that because `/27` has 32 hosts and 30 usable hosts. Remember they need to be usable! If we need 32 host a `/27` would not work because it only has 30 usable ips. So our first subnet is `195.151.34.0/27` with a range of:
  ```
  195.151.34.0 - 195.151.34.31
  ```
  
  When then add 32 to 0 and start are new range of `/27`, `195.151.34.32/27`:
  ```
  195.151.34.32 - 195.151.34.63
  ```
  
  Then add 32 to 32 and start are new range of `/27`, `195.151.34.64/27`:
  ```
  195.151.34.64 - 195.151.34.95
  ```
  
  Then add 32 to 64 and start are new range of `/27`, `195.151.34.96/27`:
  ```
  195.151.34.96 - 195.151.34.127
  ```
  
  And done, you just subnetted. As you can probably see this is wasting a lot of ips for the smaller subnets like Lab 1 but it can't be helped. That is why Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) was created. VLSM is a much more efficient way to subnet because you can vary the size of the subnets selecting minimal size mask you need for each subnet. Nearly everyone uses VLSM at every level of networking.
  
  
negative.code: Now lets actually subnet.
  
  == Subnetting
  In short subnetting is creating logical divisions of a network. When you subnet you want to break your network into smaller networks. Lets revolve around the idea that we work at a school. In the school multiple computer labs exists. Theses labs can be different sizes ranging from 10 computers to 30. Our goal today is to create subnets for those labs on the ip address `195.151.34.0`. The thing about subnetting though is once you select a subnet size every subnet will be the same size on the network id. This means we need to choose a subnet large enough for the largest lab but still small enough not to waste IPs. This can be overcome with Variable Length Subnet Masking but that's for another article.
  
  So lets say this is what we want:
  ```
  