anchor.diff:  Confirmed case 
    A clinically compatible case that is laboratory confirmed ","Person living with HIV, person with active TB, person with other chronic illness, influenza outbreak/seasonal influenza","Fever, cough, sore throat, runny/stuffy nose, body ache, headache, fatigue, vomiting, diarrhea","Conventional or RT •  PCR OR viral antigen detection by immunofluorescence or enzyme immunoassay 
   OR viral culture with second identification step to identify influenza viruses 
  -OR four-fold rise in antibody titre in paired acute and convalescent sera",,,
  -"cmd_38","Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",1,"match","G00","cd_tab,Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system",,"tab","Suspected","International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)","http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en","1 case","Clinical Description  
  +OR four-fold rise in antibody titre in paired acute and convalescent sera",,,,,,
  +cmd_38,"Bacterial meningitis, not elsewhere classified",case,demo_case,,icd_code,1,individual,match,G00,"cd_tab,Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,1 case,"Clinical Description  
   An acute bacterial disease, characterized by sudden onset of fever (>38.0 degrees Celsius axillary or >38.5 degrees Celsius rectal) AND ONE of the following signs: neck stiffness; altered consciousness; petechial or purpural rash, or other meningeal signs. In children <1 year, meningitis is suspected when fever is accompanied by a bulging fontanelle.
   
   Probable case  
   A clinically compatible illness with Gram-negative diplococci identified in any sterile fluids such as CSF.
   
   Confirmed case 
  - A clinically compatible case that is laboratory confirmed ","Close and prolonged contact with individual suspected of having meningitis, High rates of acute respiratory infection (ARI), Overcrowding conditions, Other","Sudden onset of intense headache, Suddepn onset of fever, Sudden onset of nausea, Sudden onset of vomiting, Sudden onset of photophobia, Sudden onset of stiff neck, Lethargy, Delirium, Coma, Purpura, Shock symptoms, Other","Conduct lumbar puncture of first 25 cases during an epidemic to confirm diagnosis and serogroup",,,
  -"cmd_39","Haemophilus meningitis","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",1,"match","G00.0","cd_tab,Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system",,"tab","Suspected","International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)","http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en","1 case","Clinical Description  
  + A clinically compatible case that is laboratory confirmed ","Close and prolonged contact with individual suspected of having meningitis, High rates of acute respiratory infection (ARI), Overcrowding conditions, Other","Sudden onset of intense headache, Suddepn onset of fever, Sudden onset of nausea, Sudden onset of vomiting, Sudden onset of photophobia, Sudden onset of stiff neck, Lethargy, Delirium, Coma, Purpura, Shock symptoms, Other",Conduct lumbar puncture of first 25 cases during an epidemic to confirm diagnosis and serogroup,,,,,,
  +cmd_39,Haemophilus meningitis,case,demo_case,,icd_code,1,individual,match,G00.0,"cd_tab,Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,1 case,"Clinical Description  
   An acute bacterial disease, characterized by sudden onset of fever (>38.0 degrees Celsius axillary or >38.5 degrees Celsius rectal) AND ONE of the following signs: neck stiffness; altered consciousness; petechial or purpural rash, or other meningeal signs. In children <1 year, meningitis is suspected when fever is accompanied by a bulging fontanelle.
   
   Probable case  
   A clinically compatible illness with Gram-negative diplococci identified in any sterile fluids such as CSF.
   
   Confirmed case 
  - A clinically compatible case that is laboratory confirmed ","Close and prolonged contact with individual suspected of having meningitis, High rates of acute respiratory infection (ARI), Overcrowding conditions, Other","Sudden onset of intense headache, Suddepn onset of fever, Sudden onset of nausea, Sudden onset of vomiting, Sudden onset of photophobia, Sudden onset of stiff neck, Lethargy, Delirium, Coma, Purpura, Shock symptoms, Other","Conduct lumbar puncture of first 25 cases during an epidemic to confirm diagnosis and serogroup",,,
  -"cmd_40","Non-meningicoccal meningitis","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",1,"match","G00.1,G00.2,G00.3,G00.8,G00.9,G01,G02,G02.0,G02.1,G02.8,G03,G03.0,G03.1,G03.2,G03.8,G03.9","cd_tab,Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system",,"tab","Suspected","International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)","http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en","1 case","Clinical Description  
  + A clinically compatible case that is laboratory confirmed ","Close and prolonged contact with individual suspected of having meningitis, High rates of acute respiratory infection (ARI), Overcrowding conditions, Other","Sudden onset of intense headache, Suddepn onset of fever, Sudden onset of nausea, Sudden onset of vomiting, Sudden onset of photophobia, Sudden onset of stiff neck, Lethargy, Delirium, Coma, Purpura, Shock symptoms, Other",Conduct lumbar puncture of first 25 cases during an epidemic to confirm diagnosis and serogroup,,,,,,
  +cmd_40,Non-meningicoccal meningitis,case,demo_case,,icd_code,1,individual,match,"G00.1,G00.2,G00.3,G00.8,G00.9,G01,G02,G02.0,G02.1,G02.8,G03,G03.0,G03.1,G03.2,G03.8,G03.9","cd_tab,Inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,1 case,"Clinical Description  
   An acute bacterial disease, characterized by sudden onset of fever (>38.0 degrees Celsius axillary or >38.5 degrees Celsius rectal) AND ONE of the following signs: neck stiffness; altered consciousness; petechial or purpural rash, or other meningeal signs. In children <1 year, meningitis is suspected when fever is accompanied by a bulging fontanelle.
   
   Probable case  
   A clinically compatible illness with Gram-negative diplococci identified in any sterile fluids such as CSF.
   
   Confirmed case 
  - A clinically compatible case that is laboratory confirmed ","Close and prolonged contact with individual suspected of having meningitis, High rates of acute respiratory infection (ARI), Overcrowding conditions, Other","Sudden onset of intense headache, Suddepn onset of fever, Sudden onset of nausea, Sudden onset of vomiting, Sudden onset of photophobia, Sudden onset of stiff neck, Lethargy, Delirium, Coma, Purpura, Shock symptoms, Other","Conduct lumbar puncture of first 25 cases during an epidemic to confirm diagnosis and serogroup",,,
  -"ncd_1","Diabetes mellitus","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","E10,E10.0,E10.1,E10.2,E10.3,E10.4,E10.5,E10.6,E10.7,E10.8,E10.9,E11,E11.0,E11.1,E11.2,E11.3,E11.4,E11.5,E11.6,E11.7,E11.8,E11.9,E12,E12.0,E12.1,E12.2,E12.3,E12.4,E12.5,E12.6,E12.7,E12.8,E12.9,E13,E13.0,E13.1,E13.2,E13.3,E13.4,E13.5,E13.6,E13.7,E13.8,E13.9,E14,E14.0,E14.1,E14.2,E14.3,E14.4,E14.5,E14.6,E14.7,E14.8,E14.9","ncd_tab,Diabetes mellitus",,"tab","Suspected","International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)","http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en","None","Clinical Description
  -Any person with a suspected metabolic disorder that may impact insulin secretion, insulin use or a combination of both with risk factors such as overweight/obese, family history of diabetes, high blood pressure and/or physical inactivity.","Overweight (BMI 25-29.9), obese (BMI 30+), physical inactivity, family history of diabetes type 2, high blood pressure (over 140/90 mmHg), HDL cholesterol levels below 35 mg/dl, Family history of diabetes type 1, viral exposure (Epstein-Barr, coxsackievirus, mumps, cytomegalovirus), age (more common among children and adolescents)","Increased urinary frequency, thirst, hunger, unexplained weight loss, numbness in extremities, pain in feet, fatigue, blurred vision, recurrent or severe infections, loss of consciousness, severe nausea/vomiting, coma","Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) lab test and 2-h plasma glucose lab test",,,
  -"ncd_2","Hypertension","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","I10,I11,I11.0,I11.9,I12,I12.0,I12.9,I13,I13.0,I13.1,I13.2,I13.9,I15,I15.0,I15.1,I15.2,I15.8,I15.9","ncd_tab,Hypertensive diseases",,"tab","Suspected","International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)","http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en","None","Clinical Description
  -Any person, usually 18 years or older, with systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure measurement higher than 139/89 mmHg on at least 2 consecutive visits and taking into consideration obesity, physical inactivity, family history of cardiovascular disease and age risk factors.","Overweight (BMI 25-29.9), obese (BMI 30+), physical inactivity, smoking/tobacco use, family history of cardiovascular disease, age (male over 55 years, female over 65 years), diabetes diagnosis","Blurred vision, Headache, Shortness of breath, Nose bleeds","Measure blood pressure with a validated, maintained and regularly recalibrated blood pressure machine and appropriate cuff size",,,
  -"ncd_3","Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","J40,J41,J41.0,J41.1,J41.8,J42,J43,J43.0,J43.1,J43.2,J43.8,J43.9,J44,J44.0,J44.1,J44.8,J44.9","ncd_tab,Chronic lower respiratory diseases",,"tab","Suspected","International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)","http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en","None","Clinical Description
  -Any person with a lung-related condition that cause limited and irreversible respiratory airflow, cough, dyspnea and sometimes sputum development on most days of the week AND presence of symptoms for at least 3 months in the previous 2 successive years.","Exposure to noxious agents including air pollution, occupational agents and cigarette smoke/other smoking. ","Cough, difficulty breathing, tight chest, wheezing, history of heavy smoking, symptoms started in middle age or later, symptoms worsened slowly over time, history of exposure to indoor pollution/occupational agents","Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and its ratio to the forced vital capacity (FVC)",,,
  -"ncd_4","Asthma","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","J45,J45.0,J45.1,J45.8,J45.9,J46","ncd_tab,Chronic lower respiratory diseases",,"tab","Suspected","International Classification of Disease (ICD-10)","http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en","None","Clinical Description
  -Any person with a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, which can vary in severity for each person. ","Smoking/tobacco use, Family history of Asthma, Exposure to allergens, Occupational exposure e.g. chemicals, Environmental exposure e.g. smoking, air pollution","Cough, difficulty breathing, tight chest, wheezing, symptoms triggered by respiratory infection/exercise/weather changes/stress, symptoms worse at night or in the morning, symptoms since childhood or early adulthood, history of hayfever/eczema","FEV/spirometry",,,
  -"mhg_1","Moderate To Severe Depression","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","F32","mhgap",,"mhgap","Suspected","mhGAP Guidelines","http://www.paho.org/mhgap/en/","None","mhGAP Guidelines",,"Depressed mood, Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that are normally pleasurable, Decreased energy or easily fatigued, None of the above, Reduced concentration and attention, Reduced self-esteem and self-confidence, Ideas of guilt and unworthiness, Bleak and pessimistic view of the future, Ideas or acts of self-harm or suicide, Disturbed sleep, Diminished appetite","•  Psychoeducation
  + A clinically compatible case that is laboratory confirmed ","Close and prolonged contact with individual suspected of having meningitis, High rates of acute respiratory infection (ARI), Overcrowding conditions, Other","Sudden onset of intense headache, Suddepn onset of fever, Sudden onset of nausea, Sudden onset of vomiting, Sudden onset of photophobia, Sudden onset of stiff neck, Lethargy, Delirium, Coma, Purpura, Shock symptoms, Other",Conduct lumbar puncture of first 25 cases during an epidemic to confirm diagnosis and serogroup,,,,,,
  +ncd_1,Diabetes mellitus,case,demo_case,,icd_code,,,match,"E10,E10.0,E10.1,E10.2,E10.3,E10.4,E10.5,E10.6,E10.7,E10.8,E10.9,E11,E11.0,E11.1,E11.2,E11.3,E11.4,E11.5,E11.6,E11.7,E11.8,E11.9,E12,E12.0,E12.1,E12.2,E12.3,E12.4,E12.5,E12.6,E12.7,E12.8,E12.9,E13,E13.0,E13.1,E13.2,E13.3,E13.4,E13.5,E13.6,E13.7,E13.8,E13.9,E14,E14.0,E14.1,E14.2,E14.3,E14.4,E14.5,E14.6,E14.7,E14.8,E14.9","ncd_tab,Diabetes mellitus",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,None,"Clinical Description
  +Any person with a suspected metabolic disorder that may impact insulin secretion, insulin use or a combination of both with risk factors such as overweight/obese, family history of diabetes, high blood pressure and/or physical inactivity.","Overweight (BMI 25-29.9), obese (BMI 30+), physical inactivity, family history of diabetes type 2, high blood pressure (over 140/90 mmHg), HDL cholesterol levels below 35 mg/dl, Family history of diabetes type 1, viral exposure (Epstein-Barr, coxsackievirus, mumps, cytomegalovirus), age (more common among children and adolescents)","Increased urinary frequency, thirst, hunger, unexplained weight loss, numbness in extremities, pain in feet, fatigue, blurred vision, recurrent or severe infections, loss of consciousness, severe nausea/vomiting, coma",Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) lab test and 2-h plasma glucose lab test,,,,,,
  +ncd_2,Hypertension,case,demo_case,,icd_code,,,match,"I10,I11,I11.0,I11.9,I12,I12.0,I12.9,I13,I13.0,I13.1,I13.2,I13.9,I15,I15.0,I15.1,I15.2,I15.8,I15.9","ncd_tab,Hypertensive diseases",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,None,"Clinical Description
  +Any person, usually 18 years or older, with systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure measurement higher than 139/89 mmHg on at least 2 consecutive visits and taking into consideration obesity, physical inactivity, family history of cardiovascular disease and age risk factors.","Overweight (BMI 25-29.9), obese (BMI 30+), physical inactivity, smoking/tobacco use, family history of cardiovascular disease, age (male over 55 years, female over 65 years), diabetes diagnosis","Blurred vision, Headache, Shortness of breath, Nose bleeds","Measure blood pressure with a validated, maintained and regularly recalibrated blood pressure machine and appropriate cuff size",,,,,,
  +ncd_3,"Bronchitis, not specified as acute or chronic",case,demo_case,,icd_code,,,match,"J40,J41,J41.0,J41.1,J41.8,J42,J43,J43.0,J43.1,J43.2,J43.8,J43.9,J44,J44.0,J44.1,J44.8,J44.9","ncd_tab,Chronic lower respiratory diseases",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,None,"Clinical Description
  +Any person with a lung-related condition that cause limited and irreversible respiratory airflow, cough, dyspnea and sometimes sputum development on most days of the week AND presence of symptoms for at least 3 months in the previous 2 successive years.","Exposure to noxious agents including air pollution, occupational agents and cigarette smoke/other smoking. ","Cough, difficulty breathing, tight chest, wheezing, history of heavy smoking, symptoms started in middle age or later, symptoms worsened slowly over time, history of exposure to indoor pollution/occupational agents",Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and its ratio to the forced vital capacity (FVC),,,,,,
  +ncd_4,Asthma,case,demo_case,,icd_code,,,match,"J45,J45.0,J45.1,J45.8,J45.9,J46","ncd_tab,Chronic lower respiratory diseases",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,None,"Clinical Description
  +Any person with a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, which can vary in severity for each person. ","Smoking/tobacco use, Family history of Asthma, Exposure to allergens, Occupational exposure e.g. chemicals, Environmental exposure e.g. smoking, air pollution","Cough, difficulty breathing, tight chest, wheezing, symptoms triggered by respiratory infection/exercise/weather changes/stress, symptoms worse at night or in the morning, symptoms since childhood or early adulthood, history of hayfever/eczema",FEV/spirometry,,,,,,
  +mhg_1,Moderate To Severe Depression,case,demo_case,,icd_code,,,match,F32,mhgap,,mhgap,,Suspected,mhGAP Guidelines,http://www.paho.org/mhgap/en/,None,mhGAP Guidelines,,"Depressed mood, Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that are normally pleasurable, Decreased energy or easily fatigued, None of the above, Reduced concentration and attention, Reduced self-esteem and self-confidence, Ideas of guilt and unworthiness, Bleak and pessimistic view of the future, Ideas or acts of self-harm or suicide, Disturbed sleep, Diminished appetite","•  Psychoeducation
   •  Address current psychosocial stressors
   •  Reactivate social networks
   •  Consider antidepressants
   •  If available, consider interpersonal therapy, behavioural activation or cognitive behavioural therapy
   •  If available, consider adjunct treatments: structured physical activity programme, relaxation training or problem-solving treatment
   •  DO NOT manage the complaint with injections or other ineffective treatments (e.g. vitamins).
  -•  Offer regular follow-up",,,
  -"mhg_2","Acute Psychosis","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","F23","mhgap",,"mhgap","Suspected","mhGAP Guidelines","http://www.paho.org/mhgap/en/","None","mhGAP Guidelines",,"Incoherent or irrelevant speech, Delusions (a false firmly held belief or suspicion), Hallucinations (hearing voices or seeing things that are not there), Withdrawal, agitation, disorganized behaviour, Beliefs that thoughts are being inserted or broadcast from one's mind, Social withdrawal and neglect of usual responsibilities","•  Provide education to the person and carers about psychosis and its treatment
  +•  Offer regular follow-up",,,,,,
  +mhg_2,Acute Psychosis,case,demo_case,,icd_code,,,match,F23,mhgap,,mhgap,,Suspected,mhGAP Guidelines,http://www.paho.org/mhgap/en/,None,mhGAP Guidelines,,"Incoherent or irrelevant speech, Delusions (a false firmly held belief or suspicion), Hallucinations (hearing voices or seeing things that are not there), Withdrawal, agitation, disorganized behaviour, Beliefs that thoughts are being inserted or broadcast from one's mind, Social withdrawal and neglect of usual responsibilities","•  Provide education to the person and carers about psychosis and its treatment
   •  Begin antipsychotic medication
   •  If available, provide psychological and social interventions, such as family therapy or social skills therapy
   •  Facilitate rehabilitation
   •  Provide regular follow-up
   •  Maintain realistic hope and optimism
   
  -DO NOT prescribe anticholinergic medication routinely to prevent antipsychotic side-effects",,,
  -"mhg_3","Chronic Psychosis","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","F28","mhgap",,"mhgap","Suspected","mhGAP Guidelines","http://www.paho.org/mhgap/en/","None","mhGAP Guidelines",,"Incoherent or irrelevant speech, Delusions (a false firmly held belief or suspicion), Hallucinations (hearing voices or seeing things that are not there), Withdrawal, agitation, disorganized behaviour, Beliefs that thoughts are being inserted or broadcast from one's mind, Social withdrawal and neglect of usual responsibilities","•  Provide education to the person and carers
  +DO NOT prescribe anticholinergic medication routinely to prevent antipsychotic side-effects",,,,,,
  +mhg_3,Chronic Psychosis,case,demo_case,,icd_code,,,match,F28,mhgap,,mhgap,,Suspected,mhGAP Guidelines,http://www.paho.org/mhgap/en/,None,mhGAP Guidelines,,"Incoherent or irrelevant speech, Delusions (a false firmly held belief or suspicion), Hallucinations (hearing voices or seeing things that are not there), Withdrawal, agitation, disorganized behaviour, Beliefs that thoughts are being inserted or broadcast from one's mind, Social withdrawal and neglect of usual responsibilities","•  Provide education to the person and carers
   
   IF THE PERSON IS NOT ON ANY TREATMENT, START TREATMENT AS FOR ACUTE PSYCHOTIC EPISODE
   
  
positive.code: •  Consider referral to self-help groups, and rehabilitation / therapeutic communities
  •  Address housing and employment needs
  •  Provide information and support to person, carers and family members
  •  If available, provide psychosocial interventions, such as family counselling or therapy, problem-solving counselling or therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy, motivational enhancement therapy, contingency management therapy",,,
  "mhg_22","Risk Of Self-Harm Or Suicide","case","demo_case",,"icd_code",,"match","R45.8","mhgap",,"mhgap","Suspected","mhGAP Guidelines","http://www.paho.org/mhgap/en/","None","mhGAP Guidelines",,"Strong desire or sense of compulsion to take drugs, Difficulties in controlling drug use in terms of its onset, termination or levels of use, A physiological withdrawal state when drug use has ceased or been reduced, as shown by the characteristic drug-withdrawal syndrome; or use of the same (or a closely related) substance with the intention of relieving or avoiding withdrawal symptoms, Evidence of tolerance, such that increased doses of the substance are required in order to achieve effects originally produced by lower doses, Progressive neglect of alternative pleasures or interests because of drug use, increased amount of time necessary to obtain or take drug or to recover from its effects, Drug use persisting, despite clear evidence of overtly harmful consequences","If person requires urgent medical treatment for act of self-harm
  •  Medically treat injury or poisoning.loading
  •  If Acute Pesticide Intoxication, follow Pesticide Intoxication Management
  
  
negative.code: Hepatitis B   IgM anti-HBc positive 
  Hepatitis C   anti-HCV or HCV-RNA PCR positive  
  Hepatitis D   anti-HDV positive  
  Hepatitis E  anti-HEV and anti-HEV IgM positive or HEV PCR positive ",,,,,,
  cmd_30,HIV,case,demo_case,,icd_code,1,individual,match,"B20,B20.0,B20.1,B20.2,B20.3,B20.4,B20.5,B20.6,B20.7,B20.8,B20.9,B21,B21.0,B21.1,B21.2,B21.3,B21.7,B21.8,B21.9,B22,B22.0,B22.1,B22.2,B22.7,B23,B23.0,B23.1,B23.2,B23.8,B24","cd_tab,Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease",,tab,,Suspected,International Classification of Disease (ICD-10),http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2015/en,1 case,"Clinical Description: 
  • For adults and children 18 months and older, persons have a positive HIV antibody test (rapid or laboratory-based enzyme immunoassay) confirmed by a second HIV antibody test (rapid or laboratory-based enzyme immunoassay) relying on different antigens or of different operating characteristics. 
  
  • For children younger than 18 months, a positive virological test for HIV or its components (HIV-RNA or HIV-DNA or ultrasensitive HIV p24 antigen) confirmed by a second virological test obtained from a separate determination taken more than 4 weeks after birth. Clinical staging is utilized to establish stage of HIV infection.
  