anchor.diff:  InfoVis,TVCG,Mapping Color to Meaning in Colormap Data Visualizations,J),"Karen B. Schloss, Connor C. Gramazio, Allison T. Silverman, Madeline L. Parker, Audrey S. Wang",https://schlosslab.discovery.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/SchlossGramazioSilvermanParkerWanginPress.pdf,"To interpret data visualizations, people must determine how visual features map onto concepts. For example, to interpret colormaps, people must determine how dimensions of color (e.g., lightness, hue) map onto quantities of a given measure (e.g., brain activity, correlation magnitude). This process is easier when the encoded mappings in the visualization match people's predictions of how visual features will map onto concepts, their inferred mappings. To harness this principle in visualization design, it is necessary to understand what factors determine people's <i>inferred mappings</i>. In this study, we investigated how inferred color-quantity mappings for colormap data visualizations were influenced by the background color. Prior literature presents seemingly conflicting accounts of how the background color affects inferred color-quantity mappings. The present results help resolve those conflicts, demonstrating that sometimes the background has an effect and sometimes it does not, depending on whether the colormap appears to vary in opacity. When there is no apparent variation in opacity, participants infer that darker colors map to larger quantities (<i>dark-is-more bias</i>). As apparent variation in opacity increases, participants become biased toward inferring that more opaque colors map to larger quantities (<i>opaque-is-more bias</i>). These biases work together on light backgrounds and conflict on dark backgrounds. Under such conflicts, the opaque-is-more bias can negate, or even supersede the dark-is-more bias. The results suggest that if a design goal is to produce colormaps that match people's inferred mappings and are robust to changes in background color, it is beneficial to use colormaps that will not appear to vary in opacity on any background color, and to encode larger quantities in darker colors.",,,https://schlosslab.discovery.wisc.edu/resources/,,vimeo 289784916,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865147,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 1,25-Oct,2:20 PM,2:40 PM
   InfoVis,TVCG,Optimizing Color Assignment for Perception of Class Separability in Multiclass Scatterplots,J),"Yunhai Wang, Xin Chen, Tong Ge, Chen Bao, Michael Sedlmair, Chi-Wing Fu, Oliver Deussen, Baoquan Chen",http://www.yunhaiwang.org/infovis18/color/vis-color.pdf,"Appropriate choice of colors significantly aids viewers in understanding the structures in multiclass scatterplots and becomes more important with a growing number of data points and groups. An appropriate color mapping is also an important parameter for the creation of an aesthetically pleasing scatterplot. Currently, users of visualization software routinely rely on color mappings that have been pre-defined by the software. A default color mapping, however, cannot ensure an optimal perceptual separability between groups, and sometimes may even lead to a misinterpretation of the data. In this paper, we present an effective approach for color assignment based on a set of given colors that is designed to optimize the perception of scatterplots. Our approach takes into account the spatial relationships, density, degree of overlap between point clusters, and also the background color. For this purpose, we use a genetic algorithm that is able to efficiently find good color assignments. We implemented an interactive color assignment system with three extensions of the basic method that incorporates top K suggestions, user-defined color subsets, and classes of interest for the optimization. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our assignment technique, we conducted a numerical study and a controlled user study to compare our approach with default color assignments; our findings were verified by two expert studies. The results show that our approach is able to support users in distinguishing cluster numbers faster and more precisely than default assignment methods.",http://www.color-assignment.net/,,,,vimeo 289785222,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2864912,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 1,25-Oct,2:40 PM,3:00 PM
   InfoVis,TVCG,Looks Good To Me: Visualizations As Sanity Checks,J),"Michael Correll, Mingwei Li, Gordon L Kindlmann, Carlos Scheidegger",https://github.com/AlgebraicVis/SanityCheck/blob/master/InfoVis/preprint.pdf,"Famous examples such as Anscombe's Quartet highlight that one of the core benefits of visualizations is allowing people to discover visual patterns that might otherwise be hidden by summary statistics. This visual inspection is particularly important in exploratory data analysis, where analysts can use visualizations such as histograms and dot plots to identify data quality issues. Yet, these visualizations are driven by parameters such as histogram bin size or mark opacity that have a great deal of impact on the final visual appearance of the chart, but are rarely optimized to make important features visible. In this paper, we show that data flaws have varying impact on the visual features of visualizations, and that the adversarial or merely uncritical setting of design parameters of visualizations can obscure the visual signatures of these flaws. Drawing on the framework of Algebraic Visualization Design, we present the results of a crowdsourced study showing that common visualization types can appear to reasonably summarize distributional data while hiding large and important flaws such as missing data and extraneous modes. We make use of these results to propose additional best practices for visualizations of distributions for data quality tasks.",https://medium.com/@mcorrell/looks-good-to-me-visualizations-as-sanity-checks-6fd1ffa37ab9,https://github.com/AlgebraicVis/SanityCheck/tree/master/study,https://github.com/AlgebraicVis/SanityCheck/tree/master/study/data,,vimeo 289785290,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2864907,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 1,25-Oct,3:00 PM,3:20 PM
  -TVCG,TVCG,Is There a Robust Technique for Selecting Aspect Ratios in Line Charts?,T),"Yunhai Wang, Zeyu Wang, Lifeng Zhu, Jian Zhang, Chi-Wing Fu, Changhe Tu, Baoquan Chen, Zhanglin Cheng",http://www.yunhaiwang.org/bankto45/as-tvcg.pdf,"The aspect ratio of a line chart heavily influences the perception of the underlying data. Different methods explore different criteria in choosing aspect ratios, but so far, it was still unclear how to select aspect ratios appropriately for any given data. This paper provides a guideline for the user to choose aspect ratios for any input 1D curves by conducting an in-depth analysis of aspect ratio selection methods both theoretically and experimentally. By formulating several existing methods as line integrals, we explain their parameterization invariance. Moreover, we derive a new and improved aspect ratio selection method, namely the�L1-LOR (local orientation resolution), with a certain degree of parameterization invariance. Furthermore, we connect different methods, including AL (arc length based method), the banking to 45� principle, RV (resultant vector) and AS (average absolute slope), as well as�L1-LOR and AO (average absolute orientation). We verify these connections by a comparative evaluation involving various data sets, and show that the selections by RV and�L1-LOR are complementary to each other for most data. Accordingly, we propose the dual-scale banking technique that combines the strengths of RV and�L1-LOR, and demonstrate its practicability using multiple real-world data sets.",,,,,vimeo 289789006,10.1109/tvcg.2017.2787113,2017,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 1,25-Oct,3:20 PM,3:40 PM
  +TVCG,TVCG,Is There a Robust Technique for Selecting Aspect Ratios in Line Charts?,T),"Yunhai Wang, Zeyu Wang, Lifeng Zhu, Jian Zhang, Chi-Wing Fu, Changhe Tu, Baoquan Chen, Zhanglin Cheng",http://www.yunhaiwang.org/bankto45/as-tvcg.pdf,"The aspect ratio of a line chart heavily influences the perception of the underlying data. Different methods explore different criteria in choosing aspect ratios, but so far, it was still unclear how to select aspect ratios appropriately for any given data. This paper provides a guideline for the user to choose aspect ratios for any input 1D curves by conducting an in-depth analysis of aspect ratio selection methods both theoretically and experimentally. By formulating several existing methods as line integrals, we explain their parameterization invariance. Moreover, we derive a new and improved aspect ratio selection method, namely the L1-LOR (local orientation resolution), with a certain degree of parameterization invariance. Furthermore, we connect different methods, including AL (arc length based method), the banking to 45∘ principle, RV (resultant vector) and AS (average absolute slope), as well as L1-LOR and AO (average absolute orientation). We verify these connections by a comparative evaluation involving various data sets, and show that the selections by RV and L1-LOR are complementary to each other for most data. Accordingly, we propose the dual-scale banking technique that combines the strengths of RV and L1-LOR, and demonstrate its practicability using multiple real-world data sets.",,,,,vimeo 289789006,10.1109/tvcg.2017.2787113,2017,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 1,25-Oct,3:20 PM,3:40 PM
   InfoVis,TVCG,Image-based Aspect Ratio Selection,J),"Yunhai Wang, Zeyu Wang, Chi-Wing Fu, Hansjörg Schmauder, Oliver Deussen, Daniel Weiskopf",http://www.yunhaiwang.org/infovis18/dbar/paper.pdf,"Selecting a good aspect ratio is crucial for effective 2D diagrams. There are several aspect ratio selection methods for function plots and line charts, but only few can handle general, discrete diagrams such as 2D scatter plots. However, these methods either lack a perceptual foundation or heavily rely on intermediate isoline representations, which depend on choosing the right isovalues and are time-consuming to compute. This paper introduces a general image-based approach for selecting aspect ratios for a wide variety of 2D diagrams, ranging from scatter plots and density function plots to line charts. Our approach is derived from Federer's co-area formula and a line integral representation that enable us to directly construct image-based versions of existing selection methods using density fields. In contrast to previous methods, our approach bypasses isoline computation, so it is faster to compute, while following the perceptual foundation to select aspect ratios. Furthermore, this approach is complemented by an anisotropic kernel density estimation to construct density fields, allowing us to more faithfully characterize data patterns, such as the subgroups in scatterplots or dense regions in time series. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by quantitatively comparing to previous methods and revisiting a prior user study. Finally, we present extensions for ROI banking, multi-scale banking, and the application to image data.",,,,,vimeo 289784435,10.1109/TVCG.2018.2865266,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 1,25-Oct,3:40 PM,4:00 PM
   SciVis,TVCG,Persistence Atlas for Critical Point Variability in Ensembles,J),"Guillaume Favelier, Noura Faraj, Brian Summa, Julien Tierny",https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.11212.pdf,"This paper presents a new approach for the visualization and analysis of the spatial variability of features of interest represented by critical points in ensemble data. Our framework, called Persistence Atlas, enables the visualization of the dominant spatial patterns of critical points, along with statistics regarding their occurrence in the ensemble. The persistence atlas represents in the geometrical domain each dominant pattern in the form of a confidence map for the appearance of critical points. As a by-product, our method also provides 2-dimensional layouts of the entire ensemble, highlighting the main trends at a global level. Our approach is based on the new notion of Persistence Map, a measure of the geometrical density in critical points which leverages the robustness to noise of topological persistence to better emphasize salient features. We show how to leverage spectral embedding to represent the ensemble members as points in a low-dimensional Euclidean space, where distances between points measure the dissimilarities between critical point layouts and where statistical tasks, such as clustering, can be easily carried out. Further, we show how the notion of mandatory critical point can be leveraged to evaluate for each cluster confidence regions for the appearance of critical points. Most of the steps of this framework can be trivially parallelized and we show how to efficiently implement them. Extensive experiments demonstrate the relevance of our approach. The accuracy of the confidence regions provided by the persistence atlas is quantitatively evaluated and compared to a baseline strategy using an off-the-shelf clustering approach. We illustrate the importance of the persistence atlas in a variety of real-life datasets, where clear trends in feature layouts are identified and analyzed. We provide a lightweight VTK-based C++ implementation of our approach that can be used for reproduction purposes.",,,,,vimeo 290325207,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2864432,2018,2018,SciVis,Estrel A+B,Thursday,"Topology, Geometry, and Precision",25-Oct,2:20 PM,2:40 PM
   SciVis,TVCG,Probabilistic Asymptotic Decider for Topological Ambiguity Resolution in Level-Set Extraction for Uncertain 2D Data,J),"Tushar Athawale, Chris R. Johnson",http://tusharathawale.info/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/vis18ProbabilisticAsympDecider.pdf,"We present a framework for the analysis of uncertainty in isocontour extraction. The marching squares (MS) algorithm for isocontour reconstruction generates a linear topology that is consistent with hyperbolic curves of a piecewise bilinear interpolation. The saddle points of the bilinear interpolant cause topological ambiguity in isocontour extraction. The midpoint decider and the asymptotic decider are well-known mathematical techniques for resolving topological ambiguities. The latter technique investigates the data values at the cell saddle points for ambiguity resolution. The uncertainty in data, however, leads to uncertainty in underlying bilinear interpolation functions for the MS algorithm, and hence, their saddle points. In our work, we study the behavior of the asymptotic decider when data at grid vertices is uncertain. First, we derive closed-form distributions characterizing variations in the saddle point values for uncertain bilinear interpolants. The derivation assumes uniform and nonparametric noise models, and it exploits the concept of ratio distribution for analytic formulations. Next, the probabilistic asymptotic decider is devised for ambiguity resolution in uncertain data using distributions of the saddle point values derived in the first step. Finally, the confidence in probabilistic topological decisions is visualized using a colormapping technique. We demonstrate the higher accuracy and stability of the probabilistic asymptotic decider in uncertain data with regard to existing decision frameworks, such as deciders in the mean field and the probabilistic midpoint decider, through the isocontour visualization of synthetic and real datasets.",,,,,vimeo 290325318,10.1109/TVCG.2018.2864505,2018,2018,SciVis,Estrel A+B,Thursday,"Topology, Geometry, and Precision",25-Oct,2:40 PM,3:00 PM
  
positive.code: SciVis,TVCG,A Declarative Grammar of Flexible Volume Visualization Pipelines,J),"Min Shih, Charles Rozhon, Kwan-Liu Ma",,,,,,,vimeo 290327611,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2864841,2018,2018,SciVis,Estrel Hall A+B,Wednesday,Volume Visualization,24-Oct,11:40 AM,12:00 PM
  TVCG,TVCG,Multi-Material Volume Rendering with a Physically-Based Surface Reflection Model,T),"Oleg Igouchkine, Yubo Zhang, Kwan-Liu Ma",,,,,,,vimeo 289789120,10.1109/tvcg.2017.2784830,2018,2018,SciVis,Estrel Hall A+B,Wednesday,Volume Visualization,24-Oct,12:00 PM,12:20 PM
  TVCG,TVCG,A Generative Model for Volume Rendering,T),"Matthew Berger, Jixian Li, Joshua A. Levine",https://arxiv.org/pdf/1710.09545.pdf,"We present a technique to synthesize and analyze volume-rendered images using generative models. We use the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) framework to compute a model from a large collection of volume renderings, conditioned on (1) viewpoint and (2) transfer functions for opacity and color. Our approach facilitates tasks for volume analysis that are challenging to achieve using existing rendering techniques such as ray casting or texture-based methods. We show how to guide the user in transfer function editing by quantifying expected change in the output image. Additionally, the generative model transforms transfer functions into a view-invariant latent space specifically designed to synthesize volume-rendered images. We use this space directly for rendering, enabling the user to explore the space of volume-rendered images. As our model is independent of the choice of volume rendering process, we show how to analyze volume-rendered images produced by direct and global illumination lighting, for a variety of volume datasets.",,,,,vimeo 289789468,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2816059,2018,2018,SciVis,Estrel Hall A+B,Wednesday,Volume Visualization,24-Oct,12:20 PM,12:40 PM
  InfoVis,TVCG,Vistrates: A Component Model for Ubiquitous Analytics,J),"Sriram Karthik Badam, Andreas Mathisen, Roman Rädle, Clemens Nylandsted Klokmose, Niklas Elmqvist",http://users.umiacs.umd.edu/~elm/projects/vistrates/vistrates.pdf,"Visualization tools are often specialized for specific tasks, which turns the user's analytical workflow into a fragmented process performed across many tools. In this paper, we present a component model design for data visualization to promote modular designs of visualization tools that enhance their analytical scope. Rather than fragmenting tasks across tools, the component model supports unification, where components�the building blocks of this model�can be assembled to support a wide range of tasks. Furthermore, the model also provides additional key properties, such as support for collaboration, sharing across multiple devices, and adaptive usage depending on expertise, from creating visualizations using dropdown menus, through instantiating components, to actually modifying components or creating entirely new ones from scratch using JavaScript or Python source code. To realize our model, we introduce VISTRATES, a literate computing platform for developing, assembling, and sharing visualization components. From a visualization perspective, Vistrates features cross-cutting components for visual representations, interaction, collaboration, and device responsiveness maintained in a component repository. From a development perspective, Vistrates offers a collaborative programming environment where novices and experts alike can compose component pipelines for specific analytical activities. Finally, we present several Vistrates use cases that span the full range of the classic �anytime� and �anywhere� motto for ubiquitous analysis: from mobile and on-the-go usage, through office settings, to collaborative smart environments covering a variety of tasks and devices.",,https://github.com/karthikbadam/Vistrates,,,vimeo 289784994,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865144,2018,2018,InfoVis,Estrel Hall C,Wednesday,Devices,24-Oct,11:00 AM,11:20 AM
  InfoVis,TVCG,SmartCues: A Multitouch Query Approach for Details-on-Demand through Dynamically Computed Overlays,J),"Hariharan Subramonyam, Eytan Adar",,,,,,,vimeo 289784720,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865231,2018,2018,InfoVis,Estrel Hall C,Wednesday,Devices,24-Oct,11:20 AM,11:40 AM
  InfoVis,TVCG,"Multiple Coordinated Views at Large Displays for Multiple Users: Empirical Findings on User Behavior, Movements, and Distances ",J),"Ricardo Langner, Ulrike Kister, Raimund Dachselt",,,,,,,vimeo 289784543,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865235,2018,2018,InfoVis,Estrel Hall C,Wednesday,Devices,24-Oct,11:40 AM,12:00 PM
  InfoVis,TVCG,Visualizing Ranges over Time on Mobile Phones: A Task-Based Crowdsourced Evaluation,J),"Matthew Brehmer, Bongshin Lee, Petra Isenberg, Eun Kyoung Choe",https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01857469/document,"In the first crowdsourced visualization experiment conducted exclusively on mobile phones, we compare approaches to visualizing ranges over time on small displays. People routinely consume such data via a mobile phone, from temperatures in weather forecasting apps to sleep and blood pressure readings in personal health apps. However, we lack guidance on how to effectively visualize ranges on small displays in the context of different value retrieval and comparison tasks, or with respect to different data characteristics such as periodicity, seasonality, or the cardinality of ranges. Central to our experiment is a comparison between two ways to lay out ranges: a more conventional linear layout strikes a balance between quantitative and chronological scale resolution, while a less conventional radial layout emphasizes the cyclicality of time and may prioritize discrimination between values at its periphery. With results from 87 crowd workers, we found that while participants completed tasks more quickly with linear layouts than with radial ones, there were few differences in terms of error rate between layout conditions. We also found that participants performed similarly with both layouts in tasks that involved comparing superimposed observed and average ranges.",,https://github.com/Microsoft/RangesOnMobile/blob/master/StudyApp,https://github.com/Microsoft/RangesOnMobile/blob/master/StudyDataAnalysis,,vimeo 289784625,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865234,2018,2018,InfoVis,Estrel Hall C,Wednesday,Devices,24-Oct,12:00 PM,12:20 PM
  
negative.code: VAST,TVCG,Manifold: A Model-Agnostic Framework for Interpretation and Diagnosis of Machine Learning Models,J),"Jiawei Zhang, Yang Wang, Piero Molino, Lezhi Li, David Ebert",https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.00196.pdf,"Interpretation and diagnosis of machine learning models have gained renewed interest in recent years with breakthroughs in new approaches. We present Manifold, a framework that utilizes visual analysis techniques to support interpretation, debugging, and comparison of machine learning models in a more transparent and interactive manner. Conventional techniques usually focus on visualizing the internal logic of a specific model type (i.e., deep neural networks), lacking the ability to extend to a more complex scenario where different model types are integrated. To this end, Manifold is designed as a generic framework that does not rely on or access the internal logic of the model and solely observes the input (i.e., instances or features) and the output (i.e., the predicted result and probability distribution). We describe the workflow of Manifold as an iterative process consisting of three major phases that are commonly involved in the model development and diagnosis process: inspection (hypothesis), explanation (reasoning), and refinement (verification). The visual components supporting these tasks include a scatterplot-based visual summary that overviews the models’ outcome and a customizable tabular view that reveals feature discrimination. We demonstrate current applications of the framework on the classification and regression tasks and discuss other potential machine learning use scenarios where Manifold can be applied.",,,,,vimeo 289787203,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2864499,2018,2018,VAST,"Convention Hall 1, Section C",Thursday,Explainable ML,25-Oct,5:00 PM,5:20 PM
  VAST,TVCG,Visual Analytics for Topic Model Optimization based on User-Steerable Speculative Execution,J),"Mennatallah El-Assady, Fabian Sperrle, Oliver Deussen, Daniel Keim, Christopher Collins",http://graphics.uni-konstanz.de/publikationen/ElAssady2018VisualAnalytic/visualanalyticstopic.pdf,"To effectively assess the potential consequences of human interventions in model-driven analytics systems, we establish the concept of speculative execution as a visual analytics paradigm for creating user-steerable preview mechanisms. This paper presents an explainable, mixed-initiative topic modeling framework that integrates speculative execution into the algorithmic decisionmaking process. Our approach visualizes the model-space of our novel incremental hierarchical topic modeling algorithm, unveiling its inner-workings. We support the active incorporation of the user’s domain knowledge in every step through explicit model manipulation interactions. In addition, users can initialize the model with expected topic seeds, the backbone priors. For a more targeted optimization, the modeling process automatically triggers a speculative execution of various optimization strategies, and requests feedback whenever the measured model quality deteriorates. Users compare the proposed optimizations to the current model state and preview their effect on the next model iterations, before applying one of them. This supervised human-in-the-loop process targets maximum improvement for minimum feedback and has proven to be effective in three independent studies that confirm topic model quality improvements.",,,,,vimeo 289787264,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2864769,2018,2018,VAST,"Convention Hall 1, Section C",Thursday,Explainable ML,25-Oct,5:20 PM,5:40 PM
  VAST,TVCG,VIS4ML: An Ontology for Visual Analytics Assisted Machine Learning,J),"Dominik Sacha, Matthias Kraus, Daniel Keim, Min Chen",https://bib.dbvis.de/uploadedFiles/TVCG2864838.pdf,"While many VA workflows make use of machine-learned models to support analytical tasks, VA workflows have become increasingly important in understanding and improving Machine Learning (ML) processes. In this paper, we propose an ontology (VIS4ML) for a subarea of VA, namely “VA-assisted ML”. The purpose of VIS4ML is to describe and understand existing VA workflows used in ML as well as to detect gaps in ML processes and the potential of introducing advanced VA techniques to such processes. Ontologies have been widely used to map out the scope of a topic in biology, medicine, and many other disciplines. We adopt the scholarly methodologies for constructing VIS4ML, including the specification, conceptualization, formalization, implementation, and validation of ontologies. In particular, we reinterpret the traditional VA pipeline to encompass model-development workflows. We introduce necessary definitions, rules, syntaxes, and visual notations for formulating VIS4ML and make use of semantic web technologies for implementing it in the Web Ontology Language (OWL). VIS4ML captures the high-level knowledge about previous workflows where VA is used to assist in ML. It is consistent with the established VA concepts and will continue to evolve along with the future developments in VA and ML. While this ontology is an effort for building the theoretical foundation of VA, it can be used by practitioners in real-world applications to optimize model-development workflows by systematically examining the potential benefits that can be brought about by either machine or human capabilities. Meanwhile, VIS4ML is intended to be extensible and will continue to be updated to reflect future advancements in using VA for building high-quality data-analytical models or for building such models rapidly",,,,,vimeo 289787814,10.1109/TVCG.2018.2864838,2018,2018,VAST,"Convention Hall 1, Section C",Thursday,Explainable ML,25-Oct,5:40 PM,6:00 PM
  InfoVis,TVCG,Mitigating the Attraction Effect with Visualizations,J),"Evanthia Dimara, Gilles Bailly, Anastasia Bezerianos, Steven Franconeri",https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01845004v2/document,"Human decisions are prone to biases, and this is no less true for decisions made within data visualizations. Bias mitigation strategies often focus on the person, by educating people about their biases, typically with little success. We focus instead on the system, presenting the first evidence that altering the design of an interactive visualization tool can mitigate a strong bias – the attraction effect. Participants viewed 2D scatterplots where choices between superior alternatives were affected by the placement of other suboptimal points. We found that highlighting the superior alternatives weakened the bias, but did not eliminate it. We then tested an interactive approach where participants completely removed locally dominated points from the view, inspired by the elimination by aspects strategy in the decision-making literature. This approach strongly decreased the bias, leading to a counterintuitive suggestion: tools that allow removing inappropriately salient or distracting data from a view may help lead users to make more rational decisions.",,https://aviz.fr/deletion,https://aviz.fr/deletion,,vimeo 289784657,10.1109/TVCG.2018.2865233,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 2,25-Oct,4:20 PM,4:40 PM
  InfoVis,TVCG,Face to Face: Evaluating Visual Comparison,J),"Brian David Ondov, Nicole Jardine, Niklas Elmqvist, Steven Franconeri",http://users.umiacs.umd.edu/~elm/projects/face2face/face2face.pdf,"Data are often viewed as a single set of values, but those values frequently must be compared with another set. The existing evaluations of designs that facilitate these comparisons tend to be based on intuitive reasoning, rather than quantifiable measures. We build on this work with a series of crowdsourced experiments that use low-level perceptual comparison tasks that arise frequently in comparisons within data visualizations (e.g., which value changes the most between the two sets of data?). Participants completed these tasks across a variety of layouts: overlaid, two arrangements of juxtaposed small multiples, mirror-symmetric small multiples, and animated transitions. A staircase procedure sought the difficulty level (e.g., value change delta) that led to equivalent accuracy for each layout. Confirming prior intuition, we observe high levels of performance for overlaid versus standard small multiples. However, we also find performance improvements for both mirror symmetric small multiples and animated transitions. While some results are incongruent with common wisdom in data visualization, they align with previous work in perceptual psychology, and thus have potentially strong implications for visual comparison designs.",,,,,vimeo 289785372,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2864884,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 2,25-Oct,4:40 PM,5:00 PM
  TVCG,TVCG,Task-Based Effectiveness of Basic Visualizations,T),"Bahador Saket, Alex Endert, Çagatay Demiralp",https://arxiv.org/pdf/1709.08546.pdf,"Visualizations of tabular data are widely used; understanding their effectiveness in different task and data contexts is fundamental to scaling their impact. However, little is known about how basic tabular data visualizations perform across varying data analysis tasks. In this paper, we report results from a crowdsourced experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of five small scale (5-34 data points) two-dimensional visualization types—Table, Line Chart, Bar Chart, Scatterplot, and Pie Chart—across ten common data analysis tasks using two datasets. We find the effectiveness of these visualization types significantly varies across task, suggesting that visualization design would benefit from considering context-dependent effectiveness. Based on our findings, we derive recommendations on which visualizations to choose based on different tasks. We finally train a decision tree on the data we collected to drive a recommender, showcasing how to effectively engineer experimental user data into practical visualization systems.",,,https://github.com/gtvalab/ChartsEffectiveness/tree/master/Raw-Data,,vimeo 289789506,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2829750,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 2,25-Oct,5:00 PM,5:20 PM
  InfoVis,TVCG,At a Glance: Approximate Entropy as a Measure of Line Chart Visualization Complexity,J),"Eugene Wu, Remco Chang, Abigail Mosca, Gabriel Ryan",,,,,,,vimeo 289784475,10.1109/TVCG.2018.2865264,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 2,25-Oct,5:20 PM,5:40 PM
  TVCG,TVCG,Correlation Judgment and Visualization Features: A Comparative Study,T),"Fumeng Yang, Lane Harrison, Ronald A. Rensink, Steven Franconeri, Remco Chang",https://github.com/Fumeng-Yang/VisualFeature_TVCG/blob/master/paper/VF_preprint.pdf,"Recent visualization research efforts have incorporated experimental techniques and perceptual models from the vision science community. Perceptual laws such as Weber's law, for example, have been used to model the perception of correlation in scatterplots. While this thread of research has progressively refined the modeling of the perception of correlation in scatterplots, it remains unclear as to why such perception can be modeled using relatively simple functions, e.g., linear and log-linear. In this paper, we investigate a longstanding hypothesis that people use visual features in a chart as a proxy for statistical measures like correlation. For a given scatterplot, we extract 49 candidate visual features and evaluate which best align with existing models and participant judgments. The results support the hypothesis that people attend to a small number of visual features when discriminating correlation in scatterplots. We discuss how this result may account for prior conflicting findings, and how visual features provide a baseline for future model-based approaches in visualization evaluation and design.",,,,,vimeo 289789613,10.1109/tvcg.2018.2810918,2018,2018,InfoVis,"Convention Hall 1, Section D",Thursday,Perception & Cognition 2,25-Oct,5:40 PM,6:00 PM
  SciVis,TVCG,Firefly: Illumination Drones for Interactive Visualization,J),"Sergej Stoppel, Magnus Paulson Erga, Stefan Bruckner",https://vis.uib.no/wp-content/papercite-data/pdfs/VIS2018-Firefly.pdf,"Light specification in three dimensional scenes is a complex problem and several approaches have been presented that aim to automate this process. However, there are many scenarios where a static light setup is insufficient, as the scene content and camera position may change. Simultaneous manual control over the camera and light position imposes a high cognitive load on the user. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel approach for automatic scene illumination with Fireflies. Fireflies are intelligent virtual light drones that illuminate the scene by traveling on a closed path. The Firefly path automatically adapts to changes in the scene based on an outcome-oriented energy function. To achieve interactive performance, we employ a parallel rendering pipeline for the light path evaluations. We provide a catalog of energy functions for various application scenarios and discuss the applicability of our method on several examples.",,,,,video https://vis.uib.no/wp-content/papercite-data/vids/FinalVideo.mp4,10.1109/TVCG.2018.2864656,2018,2018,SciVis,Estrel Hall A+B,Thursday,Interaction and Multivariate Data,25-Oct,4:20 PM,4:40 PM
  