anchor.diff:  
   The file specified by PATHNAME will be read one ELEMENT-TYPE
   element at a time, the EXTERNAL-FORMAT and ELEMENT-TYPEs must be
  -compatable. 
  +compatible.
   
   The EXTERNAL-FORMAT parameter will be passed to
   ENCODING-KEYWORD-TO-NATIVE, see ENCODING-KEYWORD-TO-NATIVE to
   possible values."
     (with-input-from-file
  -      (file-stream pathname :external-format external-format)
  +      (file-stream pathname :external-format (encoding-keyword-to-native external-format))
       (with-output-to-string (datum) 
         (let ((buffer (make-array buffer-size :element-type element-type)))
   	(loop for bytes-read = (read-sequence buffer file-stream)
   	      do (write-sequence buffer datum :start 0 :end bytes-read)
   	      while (= bytes-read buffer-size))))))
   
  -(defun write-string-to-file (string pathname &key (if-exists :error) (if-does-not-exist :error)
  -                                    (external-format :us-ascii))
  -  "Write STRING to PATHNAME."
  -  (with-output-to-file (file-stream pathname :if-exists if-exists :if-does-not-exist if-does-not-exist
  -                                    :external-format external-format)
  +(defun write-string-to-file (string pathname &key (if-exists :error)
  +                                                  (if-does-not-exist :error)
  +                                                  (external-format :us-ascii))
  +  "Write STRING to PATHNAME.
  +
  +The EXTERNAL-FORMAT parameter will be passed to
  +ENCODING-KEYWORD-TO-NATIVE, see ENCODING-KEYWORD-TO-NATIVE to
  +possible values."
  +  (with-output-to-file (file-stream pathname :if-exists if-exists
  +                                    :if-does-not-exist if-does-not-exist
  +                                    :external-format (encoding-keyword-to-native external-format))
       (write-sequence string file-stream)))
   
   (defun copy-file (from to &key (if-to-exists :supersede)
  
positive.code:   (remf-keywords args :external-format)
    `(with-open-file (,stream-name ,file-name :direction :input
                      ,@(when external-format
                          `(:external-format ,(encoding-keyword-to-native external-format)))
                      ,@args)
       ,@body))
  
  
negative.code:   (remf-keywords args :external-format)
    `(with-open-file (,stream-name ,file-name :direction :output
                      ,@(when external-format
                          `(:external-format
                            ,(if (keywordp external-format)
                                 `(encoding-keyword-to-native ,external-format)
                                 external-format)))
                      ,@args)
       ,@body))
  
  