     @IBOutlet private weak var lifeTotalLabel: UILabel!
     @IBOutlet private weak var plusButton: UIButton!
     @IBOutlet private weak var minusButton: UIButton!
+    
+    // the last time layout was performed, what shape was the container (the PVC itself)
+    private var _lastLayoutContainerOrientation = ContainerOrientation.landscape
     
     @IBAction private func plusButtonPressed(_ sender: AnyObject) {
         lifeTotal += 1

    }
    
    override func viewDidLayoutSubviews() {
        setConstraints(for: view.bounds.size.orientation)
        super.viewDidLayoutSubviews()
    }
    

        let reference = backgroundView.frame
        
        var up = true;
        switch resolveButtonPosition(for: _lastLayoutContainerOrientation) {
        case .rightLeft:
            up = location.x > (reference.size.width / 2)
        case .leftRight:
