def _add_index(in_x, parameter):
    """
    change parameters in NNI format to parameters in hyperopt format(This function also support nested dict.).
    For example, receive parameters like:
        {'dropout_rate': 0.8, 'conv_size': 3, 'hidden_size': 512}
    Will change to format in hyperopt, like:
        {'dropout_rate': 0.8, 'conv_size': {'_index': 1, '_value': 3}, 'hidden_size': {'_index': 1, '_value': 512}}
    """
    if TYPE not in in_x: # if at the top level
        out_y = dict()
        for key, value in parameter.items():
            out_y[key] = _add_index(in_x[key], value)
        return out_y
    elif isinstance(in_x, dict):
        value_type = in_x[TYPE]
        value_format = in_x[VALUE]
        if value_type == "choice":
            choice_name = parameter[0] if isinstance(parameter, list) else parameter
            for pos, item in enumerate(value_format): # here value_format is a list
                if isinstance(item, list): # this format is ["choice_key", format_dict]
                    choice_key = item[0]
                    choice_value_format = item[1]
                    if choice_key == choice_name:
                        return {INDEX: pos, VALUE: [choice_name, _add_index(choice_value_format, parameter[1])]}
                elif choice_name == item:
                    return {INDEX: pos, VALUE: item}
        else:
            return parameter