def attention_bias_to_padding(attention_bias, cast_fn=tf.to_float):
  """Inverse of attention_bias_ignore_padding().

  Args:
    attention_bias: a `Tensor` with shape [batch, 1, 1, memory_length], as
      returned by attention_bias_ignore_padding().
    cast_fn: function used to cast to output type.

  Returns:
    a Tensor with shape [batch, memory_length] with 1.0 in padding positions
    and 0.0 in non-padding positions. Type is determined by cast_fn.
  """
  # `attention_bias` is a large negative number in padding positions and 0.0
  # elsewhere.
  return tf.squeeze(cast_fn(tf.less(attention_bias, -1)), axis=[1, 2])