27.7 Communicating results: One mean

In general, to communicate the results of any hypothesis test, report:

• An answer to the RQ;
• The evidence used to reach that conclusion (such as the $$t$$-score and $$P$$-value—including if it is a one- or two-tailed $$P$$-value); and
• Some sample summary information, including a CI, summarising the data used to make the decision.

So write:

The sample provides very strong evidence ($$t = -5.45$$; two-tailed $$P<0.001$$) that the population mean body temperature is not $$37.0^\circ\text{C}$$ ($$\bar{x} = 36.81$$; $$n=130$$; 95% CI from 36.73$$^\circ$$C to 36.88$$^\circ$$C).

The components are:

• The answer to the RQ: ‘The sample provides very strong evidence… that the population mean body temperature is not $$37.0^\circ\text{C}$$.’
• The evidence used to reach the conclusion: ‘$$t=-5.45$$; two-tailed $$P<0.001$$.’
• Some sample summary information (including a CI): ‘$$\bar{x} = 36.81$$; $$n=130$$; 95% CI from 36.73$$^\circ$$C to 36.88$$^\circ$$C.’

Notice how the conclusion is worded: There is evidence to support the alternative hypothesis. In fact, the alternative hypothesis may or may not be true… but the evidence (data) available supports the alternative hypothesis.
{"extraction_info": {"found_math": true, "script_math_tex": 0, "script_math_asciimath": 0, "math_annotations": 0, "math_alttext": 0, "mathml": 0, "mathjax_tag": 0, "mathjax_inline_tex": 0, "mathjax_display_tex": 1, "mathjax_asciimath": 0, "img_math": 0, "codecogs_latex": 0, "wp_latex": 0, "mimetex.cgi": 0, "/images/math/codecogs": 0, "mathtex.cgi": 0, "katex": 0, "math-container": 0, "wp-katex-eq": 0, "align": 0, "equation": 0, "x-ck12": 0, "texerror": 0, "math_score": 0.869477391242981, "perplexity": 3084.540585026482}, "config": {"markdown_headings": false, "markdown_code": true, "boilerplate_config": {"ratio_threshold": 0.18, "absolute_threshold": 10, "end_threshold": 15, "enable": false}, "remove_buttons": true, "remove_image_figures": true, "remove_link_clusters": true, "table_config": {"min_rows": 2, "min_cols": 3, "format": "plain"}, "remove_chinese": true, "remove_edit_buttons": true, "extract_latex": true}, "warc_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585450.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20211022021705-20211022051705-00061.warc.gz"}