#### Sample records for sachs form factors

1. Kerr metric in Bondi-Sachs form

SciTech Connect

Bishop, Nigel T.; Venter, Liebrecht R.

2006-04-15

A metric representing the Kerr geometry has been obtained by Pretorius and Israel. We make coordinate transformations on this metric, to bring it into Bondi-Sachs form. We investigate the behavior of the metric near the axis of symmetry and confirm elementary flatness, and we also confirm that it is asymptotic to the Bondi-Sachs form of the Schwarzschild geometry. The results obtained here are needed so that numerical relativity codes based on the characteristic formalism can be applied to a situation that contains a rotating black hole.

2. Diagnosis and molecular characterization of non-classic forms of Tay-Sachs disease in Brazil.

PubMed

Rozenberg, R; Kok, F; Burin, M G; Sá Miranda, M C; Vasques, C; Henriques-Souza, A M M; Giugliani, R; Vainzof, Mariz; Pereira, L V

2006-06-01

Molecular analysis of five Brazilian families, including eight patients presenting with nonclassic Tay-Sachs disease, was performed to identify frequent causative mutations and their correlation with clinical course. Three patients were affected by the B1 subacute variant and were shown to carry the R178H mutation (the DN allele), which is also common among Portuguese patients. Two of them were compound heterozygotes, whereas the third presented with the mutation in both alleles. Since Brazil was a Portuguese colony for over two centuries, common ancestry might be the probable explanation. The fourth patient presented with a juvenile phenotype and carries the R499H mutation, which has been reported only once worldwide and is associated with residual enzyme activity, responsible for a slower clinical course. The fifth family, of an Ashkenazi Jewish background, showed an extensive intrafamilial clinical variability among three affected sibs presenting with muscle atrophy, ataxia, and psychiatric symptoms. They were first diagnosed as having atypical spinal muscular atrophy and, subsequently, spinocerebellar ataxia, but, recently, the diagnosis of late-onset Tay-Sachs disease was confirmed based on reduced plasma hexosaminidase A activity and the G269S/InsTATC1278 genotype. It is therefore highly recommended to test patients with a similar clinical history for Tay-Sachs disease. In the same family, one first cousin committed suicide at the age of 24 years, presenting with a clinical phenotype that suggested an undiagnosed case and highlighting the effect of the intrafamilial clinical variability in delaying a prompt diagnosis. It is now recognized that his parents are, in fact, a carrier couple. Additionally, another relative had been previously identified as a heterozygote in a Tay-Sachs disease screening program, but the information was not shared among the family. Since this information might anticipate diagnosis and genetic counseling, it is advisable that

3. Tay-Sachs - resources

MedlinePlus

Resources - Tay-Sachs ... The following organizations provide information on Tay-Sachs disease : March of Dimes -- www.marchofdimes.com/pnhec/4439_1227.asp National Tay-Sachs and Allied Diseases Association -- www.ntsad.org

4. Tay-Sachs disease

MedlinePlus

5. Tay-Sachs Disease

MedlinePlus

Tay-Sachs disease is a rare, inherited disorder. It causes too much of a fatty substance to build up in the ... mental and physical problems. Infants with Tay-Sachs disease appear to develop normally for the first few ...

6. Mesonic Form Factors

SciTech Connect

Frederic D. R. Bonnet; Robert G. Edwards; George T. Fleming; Randal Lewis; David Richards

2003-07-22

We have started a program to compute the electromagnetic form factors of mesons. We discuss the techniques used to compute the pion form factor and present preliminary results computed with domain wall valence fermions on MILC asqtad lattices, as well as Wilson fermions on quenched lattices. These methods can easily be extended to rho-to-gamma-pi transition form factors.

7. Electromagnetic nucleon form factors

SciTech Connect

Bender, A.; Roberts, C.D.; Frank, M.R.

1995-08-01

The Dyson-Schwinger equation framework is employed to obtain expressions for the electromagnetic nucleon form factor. In generalized impulse approximation the form factor depends on the dressed quark propagator, the dressed quark-photon vertex, which is crucial to ensuring current conservation, and the nucleon Faddeev amplitude. The approach manifestly incorporates the large space-like-q{sup 2} renormalization group properties of QCD and allows a realistic extrapolation to small space-like-q{sup 2}. This extrapolation allows one to relate experimental data to the form of the quark-quark interaction at small space-like-q{sup 2}, which is presently unknown. The approach provides a means of unifying, within a single framework, the treatment of the perturbative and nonperturbative regimes of QCD. The wealth of experimental nucleon form factor data, over a large range of q{sup 2}, ensures that this application will provide an excellent environment to test, improve and extend our approach.

8. Inelastic Scattering Form Factors

1992-01-01

ATHENA-IV computes form factors for inelastic scattering calculations, using single-particle wave functions that are eigenstates of motion in either a Woods-Saxon potential well or a harmonic oscillator well. Two-body forces of Gauss, Coulomb, Yukawa, and a sum of cut-off Yukawa radial dependences are available.

9. Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors

SciTech Connect

Kees de Jager

2004-08-01

Although nucleons account for nearly all the visible mass in the universe, they have a complicated structure that is still incompletely understood. The first indication that nucleons have an internal structure, was the measurement of the proton magnetic moment by Frisch and Stern (1933) which revealed a large deviation from the value expected for a point-like Dirac particle. The investigation of the spatial structure of the nucleon, resulting in the first quantitative measurement of the proton charge radius, was initiated by the HEPL (Stanford) experiments in the 1950s, for which Hofstadter was awarded the 1961 Nobel prize. The first indication of a non-zero neutron charge distribution was obtained by scattering thermal neutrons off atomic electrons. The recent revival of its experimental study through the operational implementation of novel instrumentation has instigated a strong theoretical interest. Nucleon electro-magnetic form factors (EMFFs) are optimally studied through the exchange of a virtual photon, in elastic electron-nucleon scattering. The momentum transferred to the nucleon by the virtual photon can be selected to probe different scales of the nucleon, from integral properties such as the charge radius to scaling properties of its internal constituents. Polarization instrumentation, polarized beams and targets, and the measurement of the polarization of the recoiling nucleon have been essential in the accurate separation of the charge and magnetic form factors and in studies of the elusive neutron charge form factor.

10. Electromagnetic pion form factor

SciTech Connect

Roberts, C.D.

1995-08-01

A phenomenological Dyson-Schwinger/Bethe-Salpeter equation approach to QCD, formalized in terms of a QCD-based model field theory, the Global Color-symmetry Model (GCM), was used to calculate the generalized impulse approximation contribution to the electromagnetic pion form factor at space-like q{sup 2} on the domain [0,10] GeV{sup 2}. In effective field theories this form factor is sometimes understood as simply being due to Vector Meson Dominance (VMD) but this does not allow for a simple connection with QCD where the VMD contribution is of higher order than that of the quark core. In the GCM the pion is treated as a composite bound state of a confined quark and antiquark interacting via the exchange of colored vector-bosons. A direct study of the quark core contribution is made, using a quark propagator that manifests the large space-like-q{sup 2} properties of QCD, parameterizes the infrared behavior and incorporates confinement. It is shown that the few parameters which characterize the infrared form of the quark propagator may be chosen so as to yield excellent agreement with the available data. In doing this one directly relates experimental observables to properties of QCD at small space-like-q{sup 2}. The incorporation of confinement eliminates endpoint and pinch singularities in the calculation of F{sub {pi}}(q{sup 2}). With asymptotic freedom manifest in the dressed quark propagator the calculation yields q{sup 4}F{sub {pi}}(q{sup 2}) = constant, up to [q{sup 2}]- corrections, for space-like-q{sup 2} {approx_gt} 35 GeV{sup 2}, which indicates that soft, nonperturbative contributions dominate the form factor at presently accessible q{sup 2}. This means that the often-used factorization Ansatz fails in this exclusive process. A paper describing this work was submitted for publication. In addition, these results formed the basis for an invited presentation at a workshop on chiral dynamics and will be published in the proceedings.

11. Nucleon elastic form factors

SciTech Connect

D. Day

2007-03-01

The nucleon form factors are still the subject of active investigation even after an experimental effort spanning 50 years. This is because they are of critical importance to our understanding of the electromagnetic properties of nuclei and provide a unique testing ground for QCD motivated models of nucleon structure. Progress in polarized beams, polarized targets and recoil polarimetry have allowed an important and precise set of data to be collected over the last decade. I will review the experimental status of elastic electron scattering from the nucleon along with an outlook for future progress.

12. Pion form factor

SciTech Connect

Ryong Ji, C.; Pang, A.; Szczepaniak, A.

1994-04-01

It is pointed out that the correct criterion to define the legal PQCD contribution to the exclusive processes in the lightcone perturbative expansion should be based on the large off-shellness of the lightcone energy in the intermediate states. In the lightcone perturbative QCD calculation of the pion form factor, the authors find that the legal PQCD contribution defined by the lightcone energy cut saturates in the smaller Q{sup 2} region compared to that defined by the gluon four-momentum square cut. This is due to the contribution by the highly off-energy-shell gluons in the end point regions of the phase space, indicating that the gluon four-momentum-square cut may have cut too much to define the legal PQCD.

13. Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors

SciTech Connect

Marc Vanderhaeghen; Charles Perdrisat; Vina Punjabi

2007-10-01

There has been much activity in the measurement of the elastic electromagnetic proton and neutron form factors in the last decade, and the quality of the data has greatly improved by performing double polarization experiments, in comparison with previous unpolarized data. Here we review the experimental data base in view of the new results for the proton, and neutron, obtained at JLab, MAMI, and MIT-Bates. The rapid evolution of phenomenological models triggered by these high-precision experiments will be discussed, including the recent progress in the determination of the valence quark generalized parton distributions of the nucleon, as well as the steady rate of improvements made in the lattice QCD calculations.

14. Venus - Sag Caldera 'Sachs Patera

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1991-01-01

This image of Sachs Patera on Venus is centered at 49 degrees north, 334 degrees east. Defined as a sag-caldera, Sachs is an elliptical depression 130 meters (81 feet) in depth, spanning 40 kilometers (25 miles) in width along its longest axis. The morphology implies that a chamber of molten material drained and collapsed, forming a depression surrounded by concentric scarps spaced 2-to-5 kilometers (1.2- to-3 miles) apart. The arc-shaped set of scarps, extending out to the north from the prominent ellipse, is evidence for a separate episode of withdrawal; the small lobe-shaped extension to the southwest may represent an additional event. Solidified lava flows 10-to-25 kilometers (6-to-16 miles) long, give the caldera its flower-like appearance. The flows are a lighter tone of gray in the radar data because the lava is blockier in texture and consequently returns more radar waves. Much of the lava, which was evacuated from the chamber, probably traveled to other locations underground, while some of it may have surfaced further south. This is unlike calderas on Earth, where a rim of lava builds up in the immediate vicinity of the caldera.

15. The Val{sup 192}Leu mutation in the {alpha}-subunit of {beta}-hexosaminidase A is not associated with the B1-variant form of Tay-Sachs disease

SciTech Connect

Hou, Y.; Vavougios, G.; Hinek, A.

1996-07-01

Substitution mutations adversely affecting the {alpha}-subunit of {beta}-hexosaminidase A ({alpha}{beta}) (EC 3.2.1.52) result in Tay-Sachs disease. The majority affect the initial folding of the pro-{alpha} chain in the endoplasmic reticulum, resulting in its retention and degradation. A much less common occurrence is a mutation that specifically affects an {open_quotes}active-site{close_quotes} residue necessary for substrate binding and/or catalysis. In this case, hexosaminidase A is present in the lysosome, but it lacks all {alpha}-specific activity. This biochemical phenotype is referred to as the {open_quotes}B1-variant form{close_quotes} of Tay-Sachs disease. Kinetic analysis of suspected B1-variant mutations is complex because hexosaminidase A is heterodimeric and both subunits possess similar active sites. In this report, we examine a previously identified B1-variant mutation, {alpha}-Val{sup 192}Leu. Chinese hamster ovary cells were permanently cotransfected with an {alpha}-cDNA-construct encoding the substitution and a mutant {beta}-cDNA ({beta}-Arg{sup 211}Lys), encoding a {beta}-subunit that is inactive but normal in all other respects. We were surprised to find that the Val{sup 192}Leu substitution produced a pro-{alpha} chain that did not form {alpha}-{beta} dimers and was not transported to the lysosome. Finally, we reexamined the hexosaminidase activity and protein levels in the fibroblasts from the original patient. These data were also not consistent with the biochemical phenotype of the B1 variant of Tay-Sachs disease previously reported to be present. Thus, we conclude that the Val{sup 192}Leu substitution does not specifically affect the {alpha}-active site. 23 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.

16. Form factors from lattice QCD

SciTech Connect

Dru Renner

2012-04-01

Precision computation of hadronic physics with lattice QCD is becoming feasible. The last decade has seen precent-level calculations of many simple properties of mesons, and the last few years have seen calculations of baryon masses, including the nucleon mass, accurate to a few percent. As computational power increases and algorithms advance, the precise calculation of a variety of more demanding hadronic properties will become realistic. With this in mind, I discuss the current lattice QCD calculations of generalized parton distributions with an emphasis on the prospects for well-controlled calculations for these observables as well. I will do this by way of several examples: the pion and nucleon form factors and moments of the nucleon parton and generalized-parton distributions.

17. The neutron electric form factor to Q² = 1.45 (GeV/c)²

SciTech Connect

2004-02-01

The nucleon elastic electromagnetic form factors are fundamental quantities needed for an understanding of nucleon and nuclear electromagnetic structure. The evolution of the Sachs electric and magnetic form factors with Q2, the square of the four-momentum transfer, is related to the distribution of charge and magnetization within the nucleon. High precision measurements of the nucleon form factors are essential for stringent tests of our current theoretical understanding of confinement within the nucleon. Measurements of the neutron form factors, in particular, those of the neutron electric form factor, have been notoriously difficult due to the lack of a free neutron target and the vanishing integral charge of the neutron. Indeed, a precise measurement of the neutron electric form factor has eluded experimentalists for decades; however, with the advent of high duty-factor polarized electron beam facilities, experiments employing polarization degrees of freedom have finally yielded the first precise measurements of this fundamental quantity. Following a general overview of the experimental and theoretical status of the nucleon form factors, a detailed description of an experiment designed to extract the neutron electric form factor from measurements of the neutron's recoil polarization in quasielastic 2H(e, e')1H scattering is presented. The experiment described here employed the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility's longitudinally polarized electron beam, a magnetic spectrometer for detection of the scattered electron, and a neutron polarimeter designed specifically for this experiment. Measurements were conducted at three Q2 values of 0.45, 1.13, and 1.45 (GeV/c)2, and the final results extracted from an analysis of the data acquired in this experiment are reported and compared with recent theoretical predictions for the nucleon form factors.

18. Well-posed ADM equivalent of the Bondi-Sachs problem

SciTech Connect

Frittelli, Simonetta

2006-06-15

Every well-posed hyperbolic problem has an associated characteristic representation. In the case of the Einstein equations, traditionally, characteristic problems have been stated in the Bondi-Sachs form, whereas initial-value problems have been represented in the ADM form, both being looked upon as independent versions of the Einstein equations. Under the restriction of spherical symmetry, we provide an ADM version of the Einstein equations that functions as the initial-value representation of the Bondi-Sachs equations. The ADM version allows us to interpret the Bondi-Sachs variables precisely in terms of characteristic fields of the Cauchy problem. The Bondi-Sachs version thus leads us to a version of the Cauchy problem that is first order in time (with no need for reduction) and automatically well posed.

19. Analytic parametrization for nuclear form factors

SciTech Connect

Atkin, G.; Dumbrajs, O.

1982-08-01

A new analytic parametrization of the nuclear form factor is developed using a factorization theorem. We show that the nuclear form factor can be represented in terms of its real zeros and its asymptotic behavior. The parametrization is applied to nuclear form factor data of /sup 3/He and /sup 4/He. Our results suggest that further diffraction minima can be expected at higher momentum transfer where experiments have not yet been made.

20. On form factors of boundary changing operators

Bajnok, Z.; Hollo, L.

2016-04-01

We develop a form factor bootstrap program to determine the matrix elements of local, boundary condition changing operators. We propose axioms for these form factors and determine their solutions in the free boson and Lee-Yang models. The sudden change in the boundary condition, caused by an operator insertion, can be interpreted as a local quench and the form factors provide the overlap of any state before the quench with any outgoing state after the quench.

1. Nucleon Form Factors from Generalized Parton Distributions

SciTech Connect

M. Guidal; Maxim Polyakov; Anatoly Radyushkin; Marc Vanderhaeghen

2004-10-01

We discuss the links between Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) and elastic nucleon form factors. These links, in the form of sum rules, represent powerful constraints on parametrizations of GPDs. A Regge parametrization for GPDs at small momentum transfer, is extended to the large momentum transfer region and it is found to describe the basic features of proton and neutron electromagnetic form factor data. This parametrization is used to estimate the quark contribution to the nucleon spin.

2. Form factor and boundary contribution of amplitude

Huang, Rijun; Jin, Qingjun; Feng, Bo

2016-06-01

The boundary contribution of an amplitude in the BCFW recursion relation can be considered as a form factor involving boundary operator and unshifted particles. At the tree-level, we show that by suitable construction of Lagrangian, one can relate the leading order term of boundary operators to some composite operators of mathcal{N} = 4 superYang-Mills theory, then the computation of form factors is translated to the computation of amplitudes. We compute the form factors of these composite operators through the computation of corresponding double trace amplitudes.

3. Testing Gravity Against Early Time Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect

SciTech Connect

Zhang, Pengjie; /Shanghai, Astron. Observ. /Fermilab

2005-11-01

A generic prediction of general relativity is that the cosmological linear density growth factor D is scale independent. But in general, modified gravities do not preserve this signature. A scale dependent D can cause time variation in gravitational potential at high redshifts and provides a new cosmological test of gravity, through early time integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect-large scale structure (LSS) cross correlation. We demonstrate the power of this test for a class of f(R) gravity, with the form f(R) = {lambda}{sub 1}H{sub 0}{sup 2} exp(-R/{lambda}{sub 2}H{sub 0}{sup 2}). Such f(R) gravity, even with degenerate expansion history to {Lambda}CDM, can produce detectable ISW effect at z {approx}> 3 and l {approx}> 20. Null-detection of such effect would constrain {lambda}{sub 2} to be {lambda}{sub 2} > 1000 at > 95% confidence level. On the other hand, robust detection of ISW-LSS cross correlation at high z will severely challenge general relativity.

4. Proton form factor effects in hydrogenic atoms

SciTech Connect

Daza, F. Garcia; Kelkar, N. G.; Nowakowski, M.

2011-10-21

The proton structure corrections to the hyperfine splittings in electronic and muonic hydrogen are evaluated using the Breit potential with electromagnetic form factors. In contrast to other methods, the Breit equation with q{sup 2} dependent form factors is just an extension of the standard Breit equation which gives the hyperfine splitting Hamiltonian. Precise QED corrections are comparable to the structure corrections which therefore need to be evaluated ab initio.

5. Nucleon and Δ electromagnetic form factors

Bartoš, Erik; Dubnička, Stanislav; Dubničková, Anna-Zuzana

2015-11-01

The unitary and analytic model for nucleons works very well. The model for spin 1 2+ baryons can predict static parameters for Λ, Σ+, Σ0, Σ-, Ξ, Ξ-. We prepared the scheme how to construct the model also for Δ nucleon resonance. It was used to describe transition form factor GM∗ and the experimentally measured ratio RSM with the help of relations for magnetic dipole transition and charge quadrupole form factors.

6. Magnetic form factors of the trinucleons

SciTech Connect

Schiavilla, R; Pandharipande, V R; Riska, Dan-Olof

1989-11-01

The magnetic form factors of 3H and 3He are calculated with the Monte Carlo method from variational ground-state wave functions obtained for the Argonne and Urbana two- and three-nucleon interactions. The electromagnetic current operator contains one- and two-body terms that are constructed so as to satisfy the continuity equation with the two-nucleon potential in the Hamiltonian. The results obtained with the Argonne two-nucleon interaction are in overall agreement with the empirical values. It appears that the remaining theoretical uncertainty, in the calculation of these form factors from a given interaction model, is dominated by that in the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon. It is found that the isovector magnetic form factors are rather sensitive to the details of the isospin-dependent tensor force, and they are much better reproduced with the Argonne than the Urbana potential. The isoscalar magnetic form factors appear to be sensitive to the spin-orbit interactions, and are better reproduced with the Urbana potential. The Argonne potential has a stronger τ1∙τ2 tensor force, while the Urbana one has a shorter-range spin-orbit interaction.

7. Charm form factors in hadronic interactions

SciTech Connect

Bracco, M. E.; Navarra, F. S.; Nielsen, M.; Chiapparini, M.

2010-12-28

We calculate the form factors and the coupling constants in vertices with charm mesons, such as {rho}D*D*, in the framework of QCD sum rules. We first discuss the applications of these form factors in heavy ion collisions and in B decays. We then present an introduction to the method of QCD sum rules and describe how to work with the three-point function. We give special attention to the procedure employed to extrapolate results obtained in the deep euclidean region to the poles of the particles, located in the time-like region. Finally we present a table of ready-to-use parametrizations of all the form factors, which are relevant for the processes mentioned in the introduction. We also give the coupling constants.

8. Nucleon Form Factors - A Jefferson Lab Perspective

SciTech Connect

John Arrington, Kees de Jager, Charles F. Perdrisat

2011-06-01

The charge and magnetization distributions of the proton and neutron are encoded in their elastic electromagnetic form factors, which can be measured in elastic electron--nucleon scattering. By measuring the form factors, we probe the spatial distribution of the proton charge and magnetization, providing the most direct connection to the spatial distribution of quarks inside the proton. For decades, the form factors were probed through measurements of unpolarized elastic electron scattering, but by the 1980s, progress slowed dramatically due to the intrinsic limitations of the unpolarized measurements. Early measurements at several laboratories demonstrated the feasibility and power of measurements using polarization degrees of freedom to probe the spatial structure of the nucleon. A program of polarization measurements at Jefferson Lab led to a renaissance in the field of study, and significant new insight into the structure of matter.

9. Hadronic form factors in kaon photoproduction

SciTech Connect

Syukurilla, L. Mart, T.

2014-09-25

We have revisited the effect of hadronic form factors in kaon photoproduction process by utilizing an isobaric model developed for kaon photoproduction off the proton. The model is able to reproduce the available experimental data nicely as well as to reveal the origin of the second peak in the total cross section, which was the main source of confusion for decades. Different from our previous study, in the present work we explore the possibility of using different hadronic form factors in each of the KΛN vertices. The use of different hadronic form factors, e.g. dipole, Gaussian, and generalized dipole, has been found to produce a more flexible isobar model, which can provide a significant improvement in the model.

10. The Form Factors of the Nucleons

SciTech Connect

Perdrisat, Charles F.

2013-11-01

There has been much activity in the measurement of the elastic electromagnetic proton and neutron form factors in the last decade, and the quality of the data has been greatly improved by performing double-polarization experiments, in comparison with with pre-vious unpolarized cross section data. Here we will review the experimental data base in view of the new results for the proton and the neutron, obtained at MIT-Bates, JLab and MAMI. The rapid evolution of phenomenological models triggered by these high- precision experiments will be discussed. In particular, the possibility that the proton is non-spherical in its ground state, and that the transverse charge density are model in- dependently defined in the infinite momentum frame. Likewise, flavor decomposition of the nucleon form factors into dressed u and d quark form factors, may give information about the quark-diquark structure of the nucleon. The current proton radius "crisis" will also be discussed.

11. Meson-photon transition form factors

SciTech Connect

Balakireva, Irina; Lucha, Wolfgang; Melikhov, Dmitri

2012-10-23

We present the results of our recent analysis of the meson-photon transition form factors F{sub P{gamma}}(Q{sup 2}) for the pseudoscalar mesons P {pi}{sup 0},{eta},{eta} Prime ,{eta}{sub c}, using the local-duality version of QCD sum rules.

12. Form Factors and Radii of Light Nuclei

SciTech Connect

Sick, Ingo

2015-09-15

We discuss the determination of electromagnetic form factors from the world data on electron–nucleus scattering for nuclei Z ≤ 3, with particular emphasis on the derivation of the moments required for comparison with measurements from electronic/muonic atoms and isotope shifts.

13. Electromagnetic charged and neutral kaon form factors

SciTech Connect

Roberts, C.D.; Burden, C.J.; Thomson, M.J.

1995-08-01

The electromagnetic form factor of the charged and neutral kaon is calculated using the approach applied in the successful study of the pion form factor, described above. The charged kaon form factor will be measured in forthcoming experiments at CEBAF. Our calculation involves the dressed strange quark propagator, to which F{sub {pi}}(q{sup 2}) is not sensitive, and hence it provides us with constraints on the strange-quark sector of QCD. Our preliminary results are encouraging. We find that the strange and up/down quark propagators are not too different, once the change in the current-quark-mass is accounted for. However, the difference that remains is important since it allows {l_angle}{bar s}s{r_angle}<{l_angle}{bar u}u{r_angle}. This calculation is the first to yield a value of f{sub K}/f{sub {pi}} that is in good agreement with experiment and also yields r{sub K+}/r{sub {pi}} in good agreement with experiment. Our calculated charged kaon form factor provides a prediction that will be tested in the forthcoming CEBAF experiments. Our studies also show that K{sup 0} has a negative charge radius, as is to be expected. Our calculated value will be compared with that measured in K{sub s}{sup 0} regeneration from electrons.

14. Form Factors and Radii of Light Nuclei

Sick, Ingo

2015-09-01

We discuss the determination of electromagnetic form factors from the world data on electron-nucleus scattering for nuclei Z ≤ 3, with particular emphasis on the derivation of the moments required for comparison with measurements from electronic/muonic atoms and isotope shifts.

15. Nucleon and Elastic and Transition Form Factors

Segovia, Jorge; Cloët, Ian C.; Roberts, Craig D.; Schmidt, Sebastian M.

2014-12-01

We present a unified study of nucleon and elastic and transition form factors, and compare predictions made using a framework built upon a Faddeev equation kernel and interaction vertices that possess QCD-like momentum dependence with results obtained using a symmetry-preserving treatment of a vector vector contact-interaction. The comparison emphasises that experiments are sensitive to the momentum dependence of the running couplings and masses in the strong interaction sector of the Standard Model and highlights that the key to describing hadron properties is a veracious expression of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in the bound-state problem. Amongst the results we describe, the following are of particular interest: possesses a zero at Q 2 = 9.5 GeV2; any change in the interaction which shifts a zero in the proton ratio to larger Q 2 relocates a zero in to smaller Q 2; there is likely a value of momentum transfer above which ; and the presence of strong diquark correlations within the nucleon is sufficient to understand empirical extractions of the flavour-separated form factors. Regarding the -baryon, we find that, inter alia: the electric monopole form factor exhibits a zero; the electric quadrupole form factor is negative, large in magnitude, and sensitive to the nature and strength of correlations in the Faddeev amplitude; and the magnetic octupole form factor is negative so long as rest-frame P- and D-wave correlations are included. In connection with the transition, the momentum-dependence of the magnetic transition form factor, , matches that of once the momentum transfer is high enough to pierce the meson-cloud; and the electric quadrupole ratio is a keen measure of diquark and orbital angular momentum correlations, the zero in which is obscured by meson-cloud effects on the domain currently accessible to experiment. Importantly, within each framework, identical propagators and vertices are sufficient to describe all properties discussed herein. Our

16. [Tay-Sachs disease in non-Jewish infant in Israel].

PubMed

2012-01-01

Tay-Sachs disease, also known as GM2 gangliosidosis or Hexosaminidase A deficiency is an autosomal recessive genetic fatal disorder. The disease is known to appear in East European Ashkenazi Jews, North African Jews, and Quebec French Canadians exclusively, but, with different frequency and type of mutation. Its most common variant is the infantile type Tay-Sachs disease. Juvenile and late-onset forms of the disease are infrequent and slowly progressive. At nearly 3 to 6 months old, a baby with Tay-Sachs progressively loses his motor skills and attentiveness. Startle responses and hyperreflexia become prominent, especially on eliciting deep patellar and Achilles reflexes, as a consequence of neurodegeneration of the upper motor neuron. Other systemic damage ensues gradually; seizures, blindness, spasticity of limbs, inability to swallow and breathe, and eventually the baby dies at 1-4 years of age. All Tay-Sachs patients have a "cherry red spot", easily seen in the macula area of the retina, using an ophthalmoscope. The "cherry red spot" is the only normal part of the retina in these sick babies. The case presented here emphasizes that Tay-Sachs disease is sometimes misdiagnosed at first visits even by an experienced clinician, because of his lack of awareness that this disease is not exclusively a Jewish disease. PMID:22670494

17. Kantowski-Sachs cosmological solutions in the generalized teleparallel gravity via Noether symmetry

Motavalli, H.; Akbarieh, A. Rezaei; Nasiry, M.

2016-04-01

We study the f(T) theory as an extension of teleparallel gravity and consider the Noether symmetry of Kantowski-Sachs (KS) anisotropic model for this theory. We specify the explicit teleparallel form of f(T) and find the corresponding exact cosmological solutions under the assumption that the Lagrangian admits the Noether symmetry. It is found that the universe experiences a power law expansion for the scale factors in the context of f(T) theory. By deriving equation of state (EOS) parameter, we show that the universe passes through the phantom and ΛCDM theoretical scenarios. In this way, we estimate a lower limit age for the universe in excellent agreement with the value reported from recent observations. When KS model reduces to the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric, our results are properly transformed into the corresponding values.

18. Burg-Metzner-Sachs symmetry, string theory, and soft theorems

Avery, Steven G.; Schwab, Burkhard U. W.

2016-01-01

We study the action of the Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) group in critical, bosonic string theory living on a target space of the form Md×C . Here Md is d -dimensional (asymptotically) flat spacetime and C is an arbitrary compactification. We provide a treatment of generalized Ward-Takahashi identities and derive consistent boundary conditions for any d from string theory considerations. Finally, we derive BMS transformations in higher-dimensional spacetimes and show that the generalized Ward-Takahashi identity of BMS produces Weinberg's soft theorem in string theory.

19. Tay-Sachs disease: a case report.

PubMed

Arisoy, A E; Ozden, S; Ciliv, G; Ozalp, I

1995-01-01

Tay-Sachs disease (GM2 gangliosidosis I) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal-storage disorder confined to the central nervous system, resulting from deficiency of hexosaminidase A. The case presented is of a twelve-month-old girl brought to the hospital because of mental-motor deterioration and convulsions. She was the child of first cousins and had a history of the deaths of two siblings with the same manifestations. Generalized hypotonia, macrocephaly, hyperacusis and a retinal cherry red spot appearance were present. There was no organomegaly. The diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease was made by means of absence of serum hexosaminidase A activity. PMID:7732608

20. [beta]-hexosaminidase isozymes from cells cotransfected with [alpha] and [beta] cDNA constructs: Analysis of the [alpha]-subunit missense mutation associated with the adult form of Tay-Sachs disease

SciTech Connect

Brown, C.A.; Mahuran, D.J. )

1993-08-01

In vitro mutagenesis and transient expression in COS cells has been used to associate a missense mutation with a clinical or biochemical phenotype. Mutations affecting the [alpha]-subunit of [beta]-hexosaminidase A ([alpha][beta]) (E.C.3.2.1.52) result in Tay-Sachs disease. Because hexosaminidase A is heterodimeric, analysis of [alpha]-chain mutations is not straightforward. The authors examine three approaches utilizing previously identified mutations affecting [alpha]-chain folding. These involve transfection of (1) the [alpha] cDNA alone; (2) a [beta] cDNA construct encoding a [beta]-subunit substituted at a position homologous to that of the [alpha]-subunit, and (3) both [alpha] and [beta] cDNAs. The latter two procedures amplified residual activity levels over that of patient samples, an effect not previously found with mutations affecting an [open quotes]active[close quotes] [alpha]Arg residue. This effect may help to discriminate between protein-folding and active-site mutations. The authors conclude that, with proper controls, the latter method of cotransfection can be used to evaluate the effects and perhaps to predict the clinical course of some [alpha]-chain mutations. Using this technique, they demonstrate that the adult-onset Tay-Sachs mutation, [alpha]Gly[yields]Ser[sup 269], does not directly affect [alpha][beta] dimerization but exerts an indirect effect on the dimer through destabilizing the folded [alpha]-subunit at physiological temperatures. Two other [alpha] mutations linked to more severe phenotypes appear to inhibit the initial folding of the subunit. 36 refs., 2 figs., 5 tabs.

1. Nucleon form factor studies at Jlab

SciTech Connect

Giusa, A; Mammoliti, F; Russo, G; Sperduto, M L; Sutera, C M; Cisbani, E; Garibaldi, F; Urciuoli, G M; Capogni, M; Cates, G D; de Jager, K; Wojtsekhowski, B

2011-08-01

The ratio of the electromagnetic proton elastic form factors, GpE/GpM, has been measured at Jefferson Lab up to View the MathML source, by using the CEBAF 6 GeV electron beam, and revealing an unexpected and challenging physical behaviour. The 2014 scheduled 12 GeV upgrade will allow the measurement of GpE/GpM up to View the MathML source, by taking advantage of the new large-acceptance forward spectrometer Super BigBite (SBS) in Hall A. Measurements of neutron form factors in the region around 10 (GeV/c)2, where quark confinement plays an important role, are expected to show the behaviour already observed in the proton case.

2. Unified description of kaon electroweak form factors

SciTech Connect

A. Afanasev; W. Buck

1996-06-01

A calculation of the semileptonic decays of the kaon (K{sub l3}) is presented. The results are direct predictions of a covariant model of the pion and kaon introduced earlier by Ito, Buck, Gross. The weak form factors for K{sub l3} are predicted with absolutely no parameter adjustments of the model. The authors obtained for the form factor parameters: f{sub {minus}}(q{sup 2}=m{sub l}{sup 2})/f{sub +}(q{sup 2}=m{sub l}{sup 2})={minus}0.28 and {lambda}{sub +}= 0.028, both within experimental error bars. Connections of this approach to heavy quark symmetry will also be discussed.

3. Elastic form factors at higher CEBAF energies

SciTech Connect

Petratos, G.G.

1994-04-01

The prospects for elastic scattering from few body systems with higher beam energies at CEBAF is presented. The deuteron and{sup 3}He elastic structure functions A(Q{sup 2}) can be measured at sufficiently high momentum transfers to study the transition between the conventional meson-nucleon and the constituent quark-gluon descriptions. Possible improvements in the proton magnetic form factor data are also presented.

4. Heavy to light baryon transition form factors

SciTech Connect

Guo, X. |; Huang, T. |; Li, Z.

1996-05-01

Recently, Stech found form factor relations for heavy to light transitions based on two simple dynamical assumptions for a spectator particle. In this paper we generalize his approach to the case of baryons and find that for {Lambda}{sub {ital Q}}{r_arrow}{Lambda} ({ital Q}={ital b} or {ital c}) only one independent form factor remains in the limit {ital m}{sub {ital Q}}{r_arrow}{infinity}. Furthermore, combining with the model of Guo and Kroll we determine both of the two form factors for {Lambda}{sub {ital Q}}{r_arrow}{Lambda} in the heavy quark limit. The results are applied to {Lambda}{sub {ital b}}{r_arrow}{Lambda}+{ital J}/{psi} which is not clarified both theoretically and experimentally. It is found that the branching ratio of {Lambda}{sub {ital b}}{r_arrow}{Lambda}+{ital J}/{psi} is of order 10{sup {minus}5}. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

5. Electric Form Factor of the Neutron

SciTech Connect

Feuerbach, Robert

2007-10-13

Recent polarization-based precision measurements of the nucleons' elastic electric form factors have led to surprising results. The measurement of the ratio of the proton's electromagnetic form factors, $\\mu_p G_E^p/G_M^p$, was found to drop nearly linearly with $Q^2$ out to at least $5 \\mathrm{GeV}^2$, inconsistent with the older Rosenbluth-type experiments. A recent measurement of $G_E^n$, the neutron's electric form-factor saw $G_E^n$ does not fall off as quickly as commonly expected up to $Q^2 \\approx 1.5 \\mathrm{GeV}^2$. Extending this study, a precision measurement of $G_E^n$ up to $Q^2=3.5 \\mathrm{GeV}^2$ was completed in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. The ratio $G_E^n/G_M^n$ was measured through the beam-target asymmetry $A_\\perp$ of electrons quasi-elastically scattered off polarized neutrons in the reaction ${}^{3}\\overrightarrow{He}(\\overrightarrow{e},e' n)$. The experiment took full advantage of the electron beam, recent target developments, as well as two detectors new to Jefferson Lab. The measurement used the accelerator's 100\\% duty-cycle high-polarization (typically 84\\%) electron beam and a new, hybrid optically-pumped polarized ${}^{3}\\overrightarrow{He}$ target which achieved in-beam polarizations in excess of 50\\%. A medium acceptance (80msr) open-geometry magnetic spectrometer (BigBite) detected the scattered electron, while a geometrically matched neutron detector observed the struck neutron. Preliminary results from this measurement will be discussed and compared to modern calculations of $G_E^n$.

6. Nucleon Form Factors Using Spin Degrees of Freedom

SciTech Connect

Mark Jones

2002-04-01

An overview of recent measurements of the neutron and proton electromagnetic form factors from double polarization experiments. Spin observables are sensitive to the product of nucleon form factor which allows access to the small nucleon electric form factors.

7. Survey of nucleon electromagnetic form factors

SciTech Connect

Perdrisat, Charles F.; Punjabi, Vina A.

2011-09-20

There has been much activity in the measurement of the elastic electromagnetic proton and neutron form factors in the last decade, and the quality of the data has been greatly improved by performing double polarization experiments, in compar- ison with previous unpolarized data. Here we review the experimental data base in view of the new results for the proton, and neutron, obtained at MIT-Bates, MAMI, and JLab. The rapid evolution of phenomenological models triggered by these high-precision experiments will be discussed.

8. Pion form factor from a contact interaction

SciTech Connect

Gutierrez-Guerrero, L. X.; Bashir, A.; Cloeet, I. C.; Roberts, C. D.

2010-06-15

In a Poincare-covariant vector-boson-exchange theory, the pion possesses components of pseudovector origin, which materially influence its observable properties. For a range of such quantities, we explore the consequences of a momentum-independent interaction, regularized in a symmetry-preserving manner. The contact interaction, while capable of describing pion static properties, produces a form factor whose evolution for Q{sup 2}>0.17 GeV{sup 2} disagrees markedly with experiment and whose asymptotic power-law behavior conflicts strongly with perturbative QCD.

9. Pion form factor from a contact interaction.

SciTech Connect

Gutierrez-Guerrero, L. X.; Bashir, A.; Cloet, I. C.; Roberts, C. D.

2010-01-01

In a Poincare-covariant vector-boson-exchange theory, the pion possesses components of pseudovector origin, which materially influence its observable properties. For a range of such quantities, we explore the consequences of a momentum-independent interaction, regularized in a symmetry-preserving manner. The contact interaction, while capable of describing pion static properties, produces a form factor whose evolution for Q{sup 2} > 0.17 GeV{sup 2} disagrees markedly with experiment and whose asymptotic power-law behavior conflicts strongly with perturbative QCD.

10. Rapid identification of HEXA mutations in Tay-Sachs patients.

PubMed

Giraud, Carole; Dussau, Jeanne; Azouguene, Emilie; Feillet, François; Puech, Jean-Philippe; Caillaud, Catherine

2010-02-19

Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder due to mutations in the HEXA gene resulting in a beta-hexosaminidase A (Hex A) deficiency. The purpose of this study was to characterize the molecular abnormalities in patients with infantile or later-onset forms of the disease. The complete sequencing of the 14 exons and flanking regions of the HEXA gene was performed with a unique technical condition in 10 unrelated TSD patients. Eleven mutations were identified, including five splice mutations, one insertion, two deletions and three single-base substitutions. Four mutations were novel: two splice mutations (IVS8+5G>A, IVS2+4delAGTA), one missense mutation in exon 6 (c.621T>G (p.D207E)) and one small deletion (c.1211-1212delTG) in exon 11 resulting in a premature stop codon at residue 429. The c.621T>G missense mutation was found in a patient presenting an infantile form. Its putative role in the pathogenesis of TSD is suspected as residue 207 is highly conserved in human, mouse and rat. Moreover, structural modelling predicted changes likely to affect substrate binding and catalytic activity of the enzyme. The time-saving procedure reported here could be useful for the characterization of Tay-Sachs-causing mutations, in particular in non-Ashkenazi patients mainly exhibiting rare mutations. PMID:20100466

11. Electromagnetic Transition Form Factors of Nucleon Resonances

SciTech Connect

Burkert, Volker D.

2008-10-13

Recent measurements of nucleon resonance transition form factors with CLAS at Jefferson Lab are discussed. The new data resolve a long-standing puzzle of the nature of the Roper resonance, and confirm the assertion of the symmetric constituent quark model of the Roper as the first radial excitation of the nucleon. The data on high Q{sup 2} n{pi}{sup +} production confirm the slow fall off of the S{sub 11}(1535) transition form factor with Q{sup 2}, and better constrain the branching ratios {beta}{sub N{pi}} = 0.50 and {beta}{sub N{eta}} = 0.45. For the first time, the longitudinal transition amplitude to the S{sub 11}(1535) was extracted from the n{pi}{sup +} data. Also, new results on the transition amplitudes for the D{sub 13}(1520) resonance are presented showing a rapid transition from helicity 3/2 dominance seen at the real photon point to helicty 1/2 dominance at higher Q{sup 2}.

12. Helium Compton Form Factor Measurements at CLAS

SciTech Connect

Voutier, Eric J.-M.

2013-07-01

The distribution of the parton content of nuclei, as encoded via the generalized parton distributions (GPDs), can be accessed via the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) process contributing to the cross section for leptoproduction of real photons. Similarly to the scattering of light by a material, DVCS provides information about the dynamics and the spatial structure of hadrons. The sensitivity of this process to the lepton beam polarization allows to single-out the DVCS amplitude in terms of Compton form factors that contain GPDs information. The beam spin asymmetry of the $^4$He($\\vec {\\mathrm e}$,e$' \\gamma ^4$He) process was measured in the experimental Hall B of the Jefferson Laboratory to extract the real and imaginary parts of the twist-2 Compton form factor of the $^4$He nucleus. The experimental results reported here demonstrate the relevance of this method for such a goal, and suggest the dominance of the Bethe-Heitler amplitude to the unpolarized process in the kinematic range explored by the experiment.

13. 75 FR 44031 - Goldman, Sachs & Co., et al.; Notice of Application and Temporary Order

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-27

... COMMISSION Goldman, Sachs & Co., et al.; Notice of Application and Temporary Order July 21, 2010. AGENCY... injunction entered against Goldman, Sachs & Co. (Goldman Sachs'') on July 20, 2010 by the United States.... Applicants: Goldman Sachs, Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. (GSAM, L.P.''), Goldman......

14. Chiral corrections to hyperon vector form factors

Anderson, Jeffrey; Luty, Markus A.

1993-06-01

We show that the leading chiral corrections to the ΔS=1 f1 vector form factors of hyperons are O(ms) and O(m3/2s), and are expected to be ~20-30 % by dimensional analysis. This is consistent with the Ademollo-Gatto theorem. We compute the O(ms) corrections and a subset of the O(m3/2s) corrections using an effective Lagrangian in which the baryons are treated as heavy particles. All of these corrections are surprisingly small, ~5% combining them, we obtain ~5-10 % corrections. The pattern of corrections is very different from that predicted by quark models.

15. Elastic and Transition Form Factors in DSEs

Segovia, Jorge

2016-06-01

A symmetry preserving framework for the study of continuum quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is obtained from a truncated solution of the QCD equations of motion or QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations (DSEs). A nonperturbative solution of the DSEs enables the study of, e.g., hadrons as composites of dressed-quarks and dressed-gluons, the phenomena of confinement and dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, and therefrom an articulation of any connection between them. It is within this context that we present a unified study of Nucleon, Delta and Roper elastic and transition form factors, and compare predictions made using a framework built upon a Faddeev equation kernel and interaction vertices that possess QCD-like momentum dependence with results obtained using a symmetry-preserving treatment of a vector ⊗ vector contact-interaction.

16. Nucleon Transition Form Factors and New Perspectives

SciTech Connect

Gothe, R W

2007-10-01

The status of the electro-excitation program to study baryon resonances at Jefferson Lab will be exemplified by the most recent results on resonance parameters and transition form factors in single and double-pion production. These results demonstrate that the separation of resonance and background contributions and therefore the extraction of the electro-coupling amplitudes of resonances become easier and cleaner at higher four-momentum transfers (Q2). Furthermore, the double-pion in comparison to the single-pion channel shows a higher sensitivity to higher excited resonances and a distinctly different Q2 dependence of the background amplitudes. The combined analysis of the single- and double-pion data reduces model dependent uncertainties significantly, which allows us to extract the resonant electrocoupling amplitudes with an unprecedented quality.

17. Enzyme replacement in Tay-Sachs disease.

PubMed

von Specht, B U; Geiger, B; Arnon, R; Passwell, J; Keren, G; Goldman, B; Padeh, B

1979-06-01

Enzyme replacement therapy was attempted with two Tay-Sachs-diseased individuals--a 14-month-old child and a 7-week-old infant. Treatment consisted of repeated weekly intrathecal injections of pure hexosaminidase A. Injection of this enzyme resulted in almost complete disappearance of GM2 from the serum, but did not bring about dissolution of the GM2 membranous cytoplasmic bodies in the brain, as detected by electronmicroscopy. Both patients tolerated the treatment without apparent clinical complications, but no clear-cut improvement was noted as a result of prolonged injections of hexosaminidase A. Since this treatment was initiated in both an advanced stage and a very early stage of the disease, we conclude that enzyme replacement treatment by this route is not beneficial for patients with Tay-Sachs disease. PMID:572006

18. [Tay-Sachs disease: a case report].

PubMed

Koch, S; Widhalm, K

1991-01-01

After an infection of the respiratory tract at the age of one a male infant showed progressive mental and physical retardation. Outstanding signs (e.g. baby doll face, startle reaction and frog position) as well as results of special investigations (cherry red spots of the maculae, short tubular bones) were suspicious for the presence of a lipidstorage disease, that could be identified as Tay-Sachs disease because of absent hexosaminidase A-activity in the patient's serum. Inspite the very low incidence of Tay-Sachs disease in our population, compared with a frequency of 1: 1200 in Ashkenzi Jews, the importance of establishing a diagnosis, based on typical clinical features and biochemical results, has to be emphasized. Genetic consultation is the only point of influence in positive family history, for attempts of causal therapy are not successful at present. PMID:1838805

19. Tay Sachs disease: an autopsy case report.

PubMed

Jadhav, Meenal Vitthal; Landge, Meenal P; Sawaimoon, Satyakam K; Harke, Arun B; Deshmukh, Sanjay D

2005-10-01

This report describes a case report of a postmortem performed on a 5-year old patient of Tay-Sachs disease, presenting with failure to thrive, muscular flaccidity, and cherry-red spots on macula on fundoscopy. There was no history of similarly affected sibling or any other family member. The diagnosis was confirmed by enzyme studies. At postmortem, there was no organomegaly. The brain, on microscopy, showed vacuolated swollen neurons. PMID:16366100

20. The Dirac form factor predicts the Pauli form factor in the Endpoint Model

Dagaonkar, Sumeet K.; Jain, Pankaj; Ralston, John P.

2016-07-01

We compute the momentum-transfer dependence of the proton Pauli form factor F2 in the Endpoint overlap Model. We find the model correctly reproduces the scaling of the ratio of F2 with the Dirac form factor F1 observed at the Jefferson Laboratory. The calculation uses the leading-power, leading-twist Dirac structure of the quark light-cone wave function and the same endpoint dependence previously determined from the Dirac form factor F1. There are no parameters and no adjustable functions in the Endpoint Model's prediction for the scaling behavior of F2. The model's predicted momentum dependence of the ratio F2(Q2)/F1(Q2) is quite insensitive to the endpoint wave function, which explains why the observed ratio scales like 1 / Q down to rather low momentum transfers. We also fit the magnitude of this ratio by adjusting the parameters of the wave function. The Endpoint Model appears to be the only comprehensive model consistent with all form factor information as well as reproducing fixed-angle proton-proton scattering at large momentum transfer. Any one of the processes is capable of predicting the others.

1. Optimized perturbation theory: the pion form factor

SciTech Connect

Gupta, R.

1981-10-01

The order ..cap alpha../sup 2//sub s/(Q/sup 2/) corrections to the pion form-factor F/sub ..pi../(Q/sup 2/) are calculated using perturbative QCD and dimensional regularization. The result is compared in the MS and MOM subtraction schemes and plotted as a function of Q/sup 2//Q/sup 2/ where Q is the subtraction point. There is a large dependence on the scheme, the definition of the running coupling constant ..cap alpha../sub s/(Q/sup 2/) and the subtraction point Q. We find it best to invert the ..beta..-function equation for the definition of ..cap alpha../sub s/ rather than make an expansion in powers of log(Q/sup 2//..lambda../sup 2/). We study two methods to optimize the result with respect to Q: Stevenson's prescription and putting the 0(..cap alpha../sup 2//sub s/) term to zero. Both methods give almost the same value for Q/sup 2/F/sub ..pi../ and this value is scheme independent.

2. Proton Form Factor Measurements at Jefferson Lab

SciTech Connect

Charles Perdrisat; Vina Punjabi

2004-09-27

In two experiments at Jefferson Lab in Hall A, the first one in 1998 and the second in 2000, the ratio of the electromagnetic form factors of the proton was obtained by measuring P{sub t} and P{sub ell}, the transverse and longitudinal recoil proton polarization components, respectively, in {rvec e}p {yields} e{rvec p}; the ratio G{sub E{sub p}}/G{sub M{sub p}} is proportional to P{sub t}/P{sub {ell}}. Simultaneous measurement of P{sub t} and P{sub {ell}} provides good control of the systematic uncertainty. The first measurement of G{sub E{sub p}}/G{sub M{sub p}} ratio was made to Q{sup 2} = 3.5 GeV{sup 2} and the second measurement to Q{sup 2} = 5.6 GeV{sup 2}. The results from these two experiments indicate that the ratio scales like 1/Q{sup 2}, in stark contrast with cross section data analyzed by the Rosenbluth separation method which gives a constant value for this ratio. The incompatibility of the recoil polarization results with most of the Rosenbluth separation results appears now well established above Q{sup 2} of about 3 GeV{sup 2}. The consensus at the present time is that the interference of the two-photon exchange with the Born term, which had been deemed negligible until recently, might explain the discrepancy between the results of the two techniques; the possibility that the discrepancy is due to incomplete radiative correction has also been recently discussed.

3. Noether symmetries of Bianchi I, Bianchi III, and Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes in scalar-coupled gravity theories

SciTech Connect

Camci, Ugur; Kucukakca, Yusuf

2007-10-15

We consider some scalar-coupled theories of gravity, including induced gravity, and study the Noether symmetries of Bianchi I, Bianchi III, and Kantowski-Sachs cosmological models for this theory. For various forms of coupling of the scalar field with gravity, some potentials are found in these cosmological models under the assumption that the Lagrangian admits Noether symmetry. The solutions of the field equations for the considered models are presented by using the results obtained from the Noether symmetry. We also find the explicit form of the scalar field in terms of the conformal time for Bianchi I, III, and Kantowski-Sachs models.

4. National Tay-Sachs and Allied Diseases Association, Inc.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Exceptional Parent, 1977

1977-01-01

Reviewed are the history and organization, purpose and programs, and public services of the National Tay-Sachs and Allied Diseases Association, an organization geared toward eradicating Tay-Sachs disease (a hereditary disorder affecting primarily Jewish infants which generally leads to deterioration and death by the child's fifth year). (SBH)

5. The National Tay Sachs and Allied Diseases Association.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zeitlin, Paula

1986-01-01

The National Tay-Sachs and Allied Diseases Association is involved in education, research, and prevention of Tay-Sachs, an inherited metabolic disorder which destroys the central nervous system, and over 30 related disorders. The group features a parent peer group network and a support group for carrier couples. (CL)

6. 78 FR 24447 - Goldman Sachs Trust, et al.; Notice of Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-04-25

... COMMISSION Goldman Sachs Trust, et al.; Notice of Application April 19, 2013. AGENCY: Securities and Exchange... the Act to invest in certain financial instruments. Applicants: Goldman Sachs Trust and Goldman Sachs Variable Insurance Trust (each a Trust,'' together, the Trusts''), Goldman Sachs Asset Management,...

7. 78 FR 26407 - Goldman Sachs Trust II, et al.; Notice of Application

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-06

... COMMISSION Goldman Sachs Trust II, et al.; Notice of Application April 29, 2013. AGENCY: Securities and... shareholder approval and would grant relief from certain disclosure requirements. APPLICANTS: Goldman Sachs Trust II (the Trust''), Goldman Sachs Asset Management L.P. (GSAM'') and Goldman Sachs...

8. Virtuality Distributions and Pion Transition Form Factor

DOE PAGESBeta

2015-03-01

Using the example of hard exclusive transition process γ*γ → π0 at the handbag level, we outline basics of a new approach to transverse momentum dependence in hard processes. In coordinate representation, matrix elements of operators (in the simplest case, bilocal O(0,z)) describing a hadron with momentum p, are functions of (pz) and z2 parametrized through virtuality distribution amplitudes (VDA) Φ(x, σ), with x being Fourier-conjugate to (pz) and σ Laplace-conjugate to z2. For intervals with z+=0, we introduce the transverse momentum distribution amplitude (TMDA) Ψ(x, k_perp), and write it in terms of VDA Φ(x,σ). We propose models for softmore » VDAs/TMDAs, and use them for comparison of handbag results with experimental (BaBar and BELLE) data. We also discuss the generation of hard tails of TMDAs from initially soft forms.« less

9. Virtuality Distributions and Pion Transition Form Factor

2015-02-01

Using the example of hard exclusive transition process γ*γ → π0 at the handbag level, we outline basics of a new approach to transverse momentum dependence in hard processes. In coordinate representation, matrix elements of operators (in the simplest case, bilocal 𝒪(0, z)) describing a hadron with momentum p, are functions of (pz) and z2 parametrized through virtuality distribution amplitudes (VDA) Φ(x, σ), with x being Fourier-conjugate to (pz) and σ Laplace-conjugate to z2. For intervals with z+ = 0, we introduce the transverse momentum distribution amplitude (TMDA) Ψ(x, k⊥), and write it in terms of VDA Φ(x, σ). We propose models for soft VDAs/TMDAs, and use them for comparison of handbag results with experimental (BaBar and BELLE) data. We also discuss the generation of hard tails of TMDAs from initially soft forms.

10. Julius Sachs (1832–1897) and the Unity of Life

PubMed Central

Kutschera, Ulrich; Baluška, František

2015-01-01

In 1865, the German botanist Julius Sachs published a seminal monograph entitled Experimental-Physiologie der Pflanzen (Experimental Physiology of Plants) and hence became the founder of a new scientific discipline that originated 150 y ago. Here, we outline the significance of the achievements of Sachs. In addition, we document, with reference to his Vorlesungen über Pflanzen-Physiologie (Lectures on the Physiology of Plants, 1882), that Sachs was one of the first experimentalists who proposed the functional unity of all organisms alive today (humans, animals, plants and other “vegetable” organisms, such as algae, cyanophyceae, fungi, myxomycetes, and bacteria). PMID:26359706

11. Constant mean curvature slicings of Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes

SciTech Connect

Heinzle, J. Mark

2011-04-15

We investigate existence, uniqueness, and the asymptotic properties of constant mean curvature (CMC) slicings in vacuum Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes with positive cosmological constant. Since these spacetimes violate the strong energy condition, most of the general theorems on CMC slicings do not apply. Although there are in fact Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes with a unique CMC foliation or CMC time function, we prove that there also exist Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes with an arbitrary number of (families of) CMC slicings. The properties of these slicings are analyzed in some detail.

12. Julius Sachs (1832-1897) and the Unity of Life.

PubMed

Kutschera, Ulrich; Baluška, František

2015-01-01

In 1865, the German botanist Julius Sachs published a seminal monograph entitled Experimental-Physiologie der Pflanzen (Experimental Physiology of Plants) and hence became the founder of a new scientific discipline that originated 150 y ago. Here, we outline the significance of the achievements of Sachs. In addition, we document, with reference to his Vorlesungen über Pflanzen-Physiologie (Lectures on the Physiology of Plants, 1882), that Sachs was one of the first experimentalists who proposed the functional unity of all organisms alive today (humans, animals, plants and other "vegetable" organisms, such as algae, cyanophyceae, fungi, myxomycetes, and bacteria). PMID:26359706

13. Virtuality Distributions and Pion Transition Form Factor

SciTech Connect

2015-03-01

Using the example of hard exclusive transition process γ*γ → π0 at the handbag level, we outline basics of a new approach to transverse momentum dependence in hard processes. In coordinate representation, matrix elements of operators (in the simplest case, bilocal O(0,z)) describing a hadron with momentum p, are functions of (pz) and z2 parametrized through virtuality distribution amplitudes (VDA) Φ(x, σ), with x being Fourier-conjugate to (pz) and σ Laplace-conjugate to z2. For intervals with z+=0, we introduce the transverse momentum distribution amplitude (TMDA) Ψ(x, k_perp), and write it in terms of VDA Φ(x,σ). We propose models for soft VDAs/TMDAs, and use them for comparison of handbag results with experimental (BaBar and BELLE) data. We also discuss the generation of hard tails of TMDAs from initially soft forms.

14. Factor Structure of the Personality Research Form-E: A Maximum Likelihood Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fowler, Patrick C.

1985-01-01

Presents a five-factor, structural model of the Personality Research Form-E for 140 university undergraduates. All factors demonstrated an excellent level of similarity to those previously reported for other forms of the PRF, as well as to the conceptual scheme developed by Jackson (1974). (Author/JAC)

15. Conformal symmetry and pion form factor: Space- and timelike region

SciTech Connect

Choi, Ho-Meoyng; Ji, Chueng-Ryong

2008-06-01

We extend a recent analysis of the pion electromagnetic form factor constrained by the conformal symmetry to explore the timelike region. We show explicitly that the timelike form factor obtained by the analytic continuation of the spacelike form factor correctly satisfies the dispersion relation. Our results indicate that the quark spin and dynamical mass effects are crucial to yield the realistic features of the vector meson dominance phenomena.

16. HERMES impact for the access of Compton form factors

Kumerički, K.; Müller, D.; Murray, M.

2014-07-01

We utilize the DVCS asymmetry measurements of the HERMES collaboration for access to Compton form factors in the deeply virtual regime and to generalized parton distributions. In particular, the (almost) complete measurement of DVCS observables allows us to map various asymmetries into the space of Compton form factors, where we still rely in this analysis on dominance of twist-two associated Compton form factors. We compare this one-to-one map with local Compton form factor fits and a model dependent global fit.

17. Analytical evaluation of atomic form factors: Application to Rayleigh scattering

SciTech Connect

Safari, L.; Santos, J. P.; Amaro, P.; Jänkälä, K.; Fratini, F.

2015-05-15

Atomic form factors are widely used for the characterization of targets and specimens, from crystallography to biology. By using recent mathematical results, here we derive an analytical expression for the atomic form factor within the independent particle model constructed from nonrelativistic screened hydrogenic wave functions. The range of validity of this analytical expression is checked by comparing the analytically obtained form factors with the ones obtained within the Hartee-Fock method. As an example, we apply our analytical expression for the atomic form factor to evaluate the differential cross section for Rayleigh scattering off neutral atoms.

18. Fragments of Science: Festschrift for Mendel Sachs

Ram, Michael

1999-11-01

The Table of Contents for the full book PDF is as follows: * Preface * Sketches at a Symposium * For Mendel Sachs * The Constancy of an Angular Point of View * Information-Theoretic Logic and Transformation-Theoretic Logic * The Invention of the Transistor and the Realization of the Hole * Mach's Principle, Newtonian Gravitation, Absolute Space, and Einstein * The Sun, Our Variable Star * The Inconstant Sun: Symbiosis of Time Variations of Sunspots, Atmospheric Radiocarbon, Aurorae, and Tree Ring Growth * Other Worlds * Super-Classical Quantum Mechanics * A Probabilistic Approach to the Phase Problem of X-Ray Crystallography * A Nonlinear Twist on Inertia Gives Unified Electroweak Gravitation * Neutrino Oscillations * On an Incompleteness in the General-Relativistic Description of Gravitation * All Truth is One * Ideas of Physics: Correspondence between Colleagues * The Influence of the Physics and Philosophy of Einstein's Relativity on My Attitudes in Science: An Autobiography

19. Tay Sachs and Related Storage Diseases: Family Planning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneiderman, Gerald; And Others

1978-01-01

Based on interviews with 24 families, the article discusses family planning and the choices available to those families in which a child has previously died from Tay-Sachs or related lipid storage diseases. (IM)

20. X-Ray Form Factor, Attenuation and Scattering Tables

National Institute of Standards and Technology Data Gateway

SRD 66 X-Ray Form Factor, Attenuation and Scattering Tables (Web, free access)   This database collects tables and graphs of the form factors, the photoabsorption cross section, and the total attenuation coefficient for any element (Z <= 92).

1. Factors Influencing Students' Achievement in Form 5 Islamic Studies Subject

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

bin Che Noh, Mohd Aderi; Omar, Noraini binti; bin Kasan, Hasnan

2013-01-01

This study is aimed at analyzing the factors influencing the achievements of students in the subject of Islamic Studies for Form 5 SPM (KBSM) in schools in the area of Samarahan, Sarawak. The factors analysed is attitude and interest. This is a survey based study and data was compiled from the survey forms which had the topic "Factors…

2. Orthopositronium decay form factors and two-photon correlations

SciTech Connect

Adkins, Gregory S.; Droz, Daniel R.; Rastawicki, Dominik; Fell, Richard N.

2010-04-15

We give results for the orthopositronium decay form factors through one-loop order. We use the form factors to calculate momentum correlations of the final-state photons and , including one-loop corrections, for ensembles of initial orthopositronium atoms having arbitrary polarization.

3. Nucleon Form Factors experiments with 12 GeV CEBAF

SciTech Connect

Wojtsekhowski, B.

2008-10-13

A number of precision form factor experiments at high momentum transfer will be performed with the 11 GeV electron beam of CEBAF. We review the approved proposals and the conceptual schemes of several new suggestions. Form factor data will serve as a major input for the construction of a tomographic image of the nucleon.

4. Form factors in SU(3)-invariant integrable models

Belliard, S.; Pakuliak, S.; Ragoucy, E.; Slavnov, N. A.

2013-04-01

We study SU(3)-invariant integrable models solvable by a nested algebraic Bethe ansatz. We obtain determinant representations for form factors of diagonal entries of the monodromy matrix. This representation can be used for the calculation of form factors and correlation functions of the XXX SU(3)-invariant Heisenberg chain.

5. Relativistic quark model for the Omega- electromagnetic form factors

SciTech Connect

G. Ramalho, K. Tsushima, Franz Gross

2009-08-01

We compute the Omega- electromagnetic form factors and the decuplet baryon magnetic moments using a quark model application of the Covariant Spectator Theory. Our predictions for the Omega- electromagnetic form factors can be tested in the future by lattice QCD simulations at the physical strange quark mass.

6. Relationship Domain of Form Six Teachers Thinking in Teaching with External Factors of Form Six Teachers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

bin Pet, Mokhtar; Sihes, Ahmad Johari Hj

2015-01-01

This study aims to examine the external factors of form six teachers who can influence thinking domain form six teachers in their teaching. This study was conducted using a quantitative approach using questionnaires. A total of 300 form six teacher schools in Johor were chosen as respondents. The findings were obtained as student background…

7. Low-energy expansion of meson form factors

Gasser, J.; Leutwyler, H.

We calculate the corrections to various low-energy theorems concerning the behaviour of the pseudoscalar meson form factors near t=0. In particular we discuss (i) the Ademollo-Gatto theorem, (ii) Sirlin's relation between the Kl3 form factor ƒ +Kπ (t) and the electromagnetic form factors, (iii) the Callan-Treiman relation, and (iv) the Dashen-Weinstein relation, which connects the slope λ0 of ƒ 0Kπ (t) with the ratio FK/ Fπ. Furthermore, we point out a remarkable isospin breaking effect which is clearly visible in the experimental rates of the decays K +→ π0e +ν, K 0→ π-e +ν.

8. Roaming form factors for the tricritical to critical Ising flow

Horváth, D. X.; Dorey, P. E.; Takács, G.

2016-07-01

We study the massless flows described by the staircase model introduced by Al.B. Zamolodchikov through the analytic continuation of the sinh-Gordon S-matrix, focusing on the renormalisation group flow from the tricritical to the critical Ising model. We show that the properly defined roaming limits of certain sinh-Gordon form factors are identical to the form factors of the order and disorder operators for the massless flow. As a by-product, we also construct form factors for a semi-local field in the sinh-Gordon model, which can be associated with the twist field in the ultraviolet limiting free massless bosonic theory.

9. Longitudinal vector form factors in weak decays of nuclei

SciTech Connect

Šimkovic, F.; Kovalenko, S.; Krivoruchenko, M. I.

2015-10-28

The longitudinal form factors of the weak vector current of particles with spin J = 1/2 and isospin I = 1/2 are determined by the mass difference and the charge radii of members of the isotopic doublets. The most promising reactions to measure these form factors are the reactions with large momentum transfers involving the spin-1/2 isotopic doublets with a maximum mass splitting. Numerical estimates of longitudinal form factors are given for nucleons and eight nuclear spin-1/2 isotopic doublets.

10. The structure of the nucleon: Elastic electromagnetic form factors

SciTech Connect

Punjabi, V.; Perdrisat, C. F.; Jones, M. K.; Brash, E. J.; Carlson, C. E.

2015-07-10

Precise proton and neutron form factor measurements at Jefferson Lab, using spin observables, have recently made a significant contribution to the unraveling of the internal structure of the nucleon. Accurate experimental measurements of the nucleon form factors are a test-bed for understanding how the nucleon's static properties and dynamical behavior emerge from QCD, the theory of the strong interactions between quarks. There has been enormous theoretical progress, since the publication of the Jefferson Lab proton form factor ratio data, aiming at reevaluating the picture of the nucleon. We will review the experimental and theoretical developments in this field and discuss the outlook for the future.

11. Normalization Of Thermal-Radiation Form-Factor Matrix

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tsuyuki, Glenn T.

1994-01-01

Report describes algorithm that adjusts form-factor matrix in TRASYS computer program, which calculates intraspacecraft radiative interchange among various surfaces and environmental heat loading from sources such as sun.

12. Hadronic Form Factors in Asymptotically Free Field Theories

DOE R&D Accomplishments Database

Gross, D. J.; Treiman, S. B.

1974-01-01

The breakdown of Bjorken scaling in asymptotically free gauge theories of the strong interactions is explored for its implications on the large q{sup 2} behavior of nucleon form factors. Duality arguments of Bloom and Gilman suggest a connection between the form factors and the threshold properties of the deep inelastic structure functions. The latter are addressed directly in an analysis of asymptotically free theories; and through the duality connection we are then led to statements about the form factors. For very large q{sup 2} the form factors are predicted to fall faster than any inverse power of q{sup 2}. For the more modest range of q{sup 2} reached in existing experiments the agreement with data is fairly good, though this may well be fortuitous. Extrapolations beyond this range are presented.

13. Proton Form Factors Measurements in the Time-Like Region

SciTech Connect

Anulli, F.; /Frascati

2007-10-22

I present an overview of the measurement of the proton form factors in the time-like region. BABAR has recently measured with great accuracy the e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} p{bar p} reaction from production threshold up to an energy of {approx} 4.5 GeV, finding evidence for a ratio of the electric to magnetic form factor greater than unity, contrary to expectation. In agreement with previous measurements, BABAR confirmed the steep rise of the magnetic form factor close to the p{bar p} mass threshold, suggesting the possible presence of an under-threshold N{bar N} vector state. These and other open questions related to the nucleon form factors both in the time-like and space-like region, wait for more data with different experimental techniques to be possibly solved.

14. Exploring strange nucleon form factors on the lattice

Babich, Ronald; Brower, Richard C.; Clark, Michael A.; Fleming, George T.; Osborn, James C.; Rebbi, Claudio; Schaich, David

2012-03-01

We discuss techniques for evaluating sea quark contributions to hadronic form factors on the lattice and apply these to an exploratory calculation of the strange electromagnetic, axial, and scalar form factors of the nucleon. We employ the Wilson gauge and fermion actions on an anisotropic 243×64 lattice, probing a range of momentum transfer with Q2<1GeV2. The strange electric and magnetic form factors, GEs(Q2) and GMs(Q2), are found to be small and consistent with zero within the statistics of our calculation. The lattice data favor a small negative value for the strange axial form factor GAs(Q2) and exhibit a strong signal for the bare strange scalar matrix element ⟨N|s¯s|N⟩0. We discuss the unique systematic uncertainties affecting the latter quantity relative to the continuum, as well as prospects for improving future determinations with Wilson-like fermions.

15. Personality Research Form: Factor Structure and Response Style Involvement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stricker, Lawrence J.

1974-01-01

Explores factor structure of the Personality Research Form (PRF) and examines the inventory's relations with response styles. In general, the PRF content scales correlate moderately with each other and with measures of acquiescence, social desirability, and defensiveness response biases. (Author)

16. From quarks and gluons to baryon form factors

PubMed Central

Eichmann, Gernot

2012-01-01

I briefly summarize recent results for nucleon and Δ(1232) electromagnetic, axial and transition form factors in the Dyson–Schwinger approach. The calculation of the current diagrams from the quark–gluon level enables a transparent discussion of common features such as: the implications of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking and quark orbital angular momentum, the timelike structure of the form factors, and their interpretation in terms of missing pion-cloud effects. PMID:26766879

17. Vector Meson Form Factors and Wave Functions from Holographic QCD

SciTech Connect

2007-10-10

Based on the holographic dual model of QCD, we study 2- and 3-point functions of vector currents and derive form factors as well as wave functions for the vector mesons. As a result, generalized vector-meson dominance representation for form factors is obtained with a very specific VMD pattern. The calculated electric radius of the rho-meson is shown to be in a good agreement with predictions from lattice QCD.

18. Deuteron form factor measurements at low momentum transfers

Schlimme, B. S.; Achenbach, P.; Beričič, J.; Böhm, R.; Bosnar, D.; Correa, L.; Distler, M. O.; Esser, A.; Fonvieille, H.; Friščić, I.; Griffioen, K. A.; Huan, Y.; Kegel, S.; Kohl, Y.; Merkel, H.; Mihovilovič, M.; Müller, J.; Müller, U.; Pochodzalla, J.; Schoth, M.; Schulz, F.; Sfienti, C.; Širca, S.; Štajner, S.; Thiel, M.; Weber, A.

2016-03-01

A precise measurement of the elastic electron-deuteron scattering cross section at four-momentum transfers of 0.24 fm-1 ≤ Q ≤ 2.7 fm-1 has been performed at the Mainz Microtron. In this paper we describe the utilized experimental setup and the necessary analysis procedure to precisely determine the deuteron charge form factor from these data. Finally, the deuteron charge radius rd can be extracted from an extrapolation of that form factor to Q2 = 0.

19. On Gravitational Form Factors and Transverse Spin Sum Rule

Chakrabarti, D.; Mondal, C.; Mukherjee, A.

2016-06-01

Using the light front wave functions of the scalar quark-diquark model for nucleon predicted by the soft-wall AdS/QCD, we calculate the flavor dependent gravitational form factors. We evaluate the matrix element of Pauli-Lubanski operator in this model and show that the intrinsic spin sum rule involves the higher twist form factor {bar{C}}. The longitudinal momentum densities in the transverse impact parameter space are also discussed for both unpolarized and transversely polarized nucleons.

20. Breather boundary form factors in sine-Gordon theory

Lencsés, M.; Takács, G.

2011-11-01

A previously conjectured set of exact form factors of boundary exponential operators in the sinh-Gordon model is tested against numerical results from boundary truncated conformal space approach in boundary sine-Gordon theory, related by analytic continuation to sinh-Gordon model. We find that the numerical data strongly support the validity of the form factors themselves; however, we also report a discrepancy in the case of diagonal matrix elements, which remains unresolved for the time being.

1. In-medium modified energy-momentum tensor form factors

Jung, Ju-Hyun; Yakhshiev, Ulugbek; Kim, Hyun-Chul

2014-04-01

In this talk, we report a recent investigation on the energy-momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon in nuclear medium, based on the framework of the in-medium modified chiral soliton model. The model was constructed by taking into account the influence of the surrounding environment to the mesonic sector (π-, ρ- and ω-meson properties). We briefly discuss the results of the energy-momentum tensor form factors.

2. Charm and bottom hadronic form factors with QCD sum rules

SciTech Connect

Bracco, M. E.; Rodrigues, B. O.; Cerqueira, A. Jr.

2013-03-25

We present a brief review of some calculations of form factors and coupling constants in vertices with charm and bottom mesons in the framework of QCD sum rules. We first discuss the motivation for this work, describing possible applications of these form factors to charm and bottom decays processes. We first make a summarize of the QCD sum rules method. We give special attention to the uncertainties of the method introducing by the intrinsic variation of the parameters. Finally we conclude.

3. Online Soil Science Lesson 3: Soil Forming Factors

Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)

This lesson explores the five major factors of soil formation, namely: 1) climate; 2) organisms; 3) time; 4) topography; and 5) parent material and their influence in forming soil. The distinction between active and passive factors, moisture and temperature regimes, organism and topographic influen...

4. Plant sulfur nutrition: From Sachs to Big Data

PubMed Central

Kopriva, Stanislav

2015-01-01

Together with water and carbon dioxide plants require 14 essential mineral nutrients to finish their life cycle. The research in plant nutrition can be traced back to Julius Sachs, who was the first to experimentally prove the essentiality of mineral nutrients for plants. Among those elements Sachs showed to be essential is sulfur. Plant sulfur nutrition has been not as extensively studied as the nutrition of nitrogen and phosphate, probably because sulfur was not limiting for agriculture. However, with the reduction of atmospheric sulfur dioxide emissions sulfur deficiency has become common. The research in sulfur nutrition has changed over the years from using yeast and algae as experimental material to adopting Arabidopsis as the plant model as well as from simple biochemical measurements of individual parameters to system biology. Here the evolution of sulfur research from the times of Sachs to the current Big Data is outlined. PMID:26305261

5. A critique of Jeffrey D. Sachs's The end of poverty.

PubMed

Henwood, Doug

2006-01-01

Jeffrey Sachs's The End of Poverty is a manifesto and how-to guide on ending extreme poverty around the world; it promotes the U.N. Millennium Development Goals. Sachs achieved fame with his policy package for the "stabilization" of Bolivia (which did nothing to relieve Bolivia's poverty), and became advisor to the Yeltsin government in Russia and to Poland, Slovenia, and Estonia as they began their transitions to capitalism (the last three mixed successes; Russia a thorough disaster). Sachs later became more prominent as a critic of development orthodoxy, and was economic advisor to the Jubilee 2000 movement. The End of Poverty is full of sharp critiques of Western imperialism, but his views on the rest of the development business are more conventional. PMID:16524171

6. Plant sulfur nutrition: From Sachs to Big Data.

PubMed

Kopriva, Stanislav

2015-01-01

Together with water and carbon dioxide plants require 14 essential mineral nutrients to finish their life cycle. The research in plant nutrition can be traced back to Julius Sachs, who was the first to experimentally prove the essentiality of mineral nutrients for plants. Among those elements Sachs showed to be essential is sulfur. Plant sulfur nutrition has been not as extensively studied as the nutrition of nitrogen and phosphate, probably because sulfur was not limiting for agriculture. However, with the reduction of atmospheric sulfur dioxide emissions sulfur deficiency has become common. The research in sulfur nutrition has changed over the years from using yeast and algae as experimental material to adopting Arabidopsis as the plant model as well as from simple biochemical measurements of individual parameters to system biology. Here the evolution of sulfur research from the times of Sachs to the current Big Data is outlined. PMID:26305261

7. Tay-Sachs disease in Jacob sheep.

PubMed

Torres, Paola A; Zeng, Bai Jin; Porter, Brian F; Alroy, Joseph; Horak, Fred; Horak, Joan; Kolodny, Edwin H

2010-12-01

Autopsy studies of four Jacob sheep dying within their first 6-8 months of a progressive neurodegenerative disorder suggested the presence of a neuronal storage disease. Lysosomal enzyme studies of brain and liver from an affected animal revealed diminished activity of hexosaminidase A (Hex A) measured with an artificial substrate specific for this component of β-hexosaminidase. Absence of Hex A activity was confirmed by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. Brain lipid analyses demonstrated the presence of increased concentrations of G(M2)-ganglioside and asialo-G(M2)-ganglioside. The hexa cDNA of Jacob sheep was cloned and sequenced revealing an identical number of nucleotides and exons as in human HexA and 86% homology in nucleotide sequence. A missense mutation was found in the hexa cDNA of the affected sheep caused by a single nucleotide change at the end of exon 11 resulting in skipping of exon 11. Transfection of normal sheep hexa cDNA into COS1 cells and human Hex A-deficient cells led to expression of Hex S but no increase in Hex A indicating absence of cross-species dimerization of sheep Hex α-subunit with human Hex β-subunits. Using restriction site analysis, the heterozygote frequency of this mutation in Jacob sheep was determined in three geographically separate flocks to average 14%. This large naturally occurring animal model of Tay-Sachs disease is the first to offer promise as a means for trials of gene therapy applicable to human infants. PMID:20817517

8. Nucleon to delta electromagnetic transition form factors in lattice QCD

SciTech Connect

Alexandrou, C.; Koutsou, G.; Neff, H.; Negele, J. W.; Schroers, W.; Tsapalis, A.

2008-04-15

The electromagnetic nucleon to {delta} transition form factors are evaluated using two degenerate flavors of dynamical Wilson fermions and using dynamical sea staggered fermions with domain-wall valence quarks. The two subdominant quadrupole form factors are evaluated for the first time in full QCD to sufficient accuracy to exclude a zero value, which is taken as a signal for deformation in the nucleon-{delta} system. For the Coulomb quadrupole form factor the unquenched results begin to deviate from the quenched results at low q{sup 2} indicating that dynamical lattice results are closer to experiment. This can be taken as a first confirmation of the expected importance of pion cloud contributions on this quantity.

9. Flavor Decomposition of the Elastic Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors

Cates, G. D.; de Jager, C. W.; Riordan, S.; Wojtsekhowski, B.

2011-06-01

The u- and d-quark contributions to the elastic nucleon electromagnetic form factors have been determined by using experimental data on GEn, GMn, GEp, and GMp. Such a flavor separation of the form factors became possible up to negative four-momentum transfer squared Q2=3.4GeV2 with recent data on GEn from Hall A at Jefferson Lab. For Q2 above 1GeV2, for both the u and the d quark, the ratio of the Pauli and Dirac form factors, F2/F1, was found to be almost constant in sharp contrast to the behavior of F2/F1 for the proton as a whole. Also, again for Q2>1GeV2, both F2d and F1d are roughly proportional to 1/Q4, whereas the dropoff of F2u and F1u is more gradual.

10. Measurements of the Helium Form Factors at JLab

SciTech Connect

Khrosinkova, Elena

2007-10-26

An experiment to measure elastic electron scattering off {sup 3}He and {sup 4}He at large momentum transfers is presented. The experiment was carried out in the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab. Elastic electron scattering off {sup 3}He was measured at forward and backward electron scattering angles to extract the isotope's charge and magnetic form factors. The charge form factor of {sup 4}He will be extracted from forward-angle electron scattering angle measurements. The data are expected to significantly extend and improve the existing measurements of the three- and four-body form factors. The results will be crucial for the establishment of a canonical standard model for the few-body nuclear systems and for testing predictions of quark dimensional scaling and hybrid nucleon-quark models.

11. New results on strange form factors of the proton

SciTech Connect

Richard Holmes

2000-12-12

At the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, we have studied the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from hydrogen. The resulting parity-violating electroweak asymmetry is sensitive to the contributions of strange quarks to the nucleon form factors at a level that is of theoretical interest. Using events at a laboratory scattering angle of 12.3{sup o} and (Q{sup 2})=0.477 GeV/c, we measure the linear combination of strange form factors (G{sup n}{sub E}) + 0.39G{sup E}{sub M}/(G{sup py}{sub M}/mu{sub p}) = 0.091+/-0.054+/-0.039, where the first error is the quadratic sum of our systematic and statistical errors and the second error is due to uncertainty in nucleon form factors.

12. The structure of the nucleon: Elastic electromagnetic form factors

DOE PAGESBeta

Punjabi, V.; Perdrisat, C. F.; Jones, M. K.; Brash, E. J.; Carlson, C. E.

2015-07-10

Precise proton and neutron form factor measurements at Jefferson Lab, using spin observables, have recently made a significant contribution to the unraveling of the internal structure of the nucleon. Accurate experimental measurements of the nucleon form factors are a test-bed for understanding how the nucleon's static properties and dynamical behavior emerge from QCD, the theory of the strong interactions between quarks. There has been enormous theoretical progress, since the publication of the Jefferson Lab proton form factor ratio data, aiming at reevaluating the picture of the nucleon. We will review the experimental and theoretical developments in this field and discussmore » the outlook for the future.« less

13. Measuring Form Factors and Structure Functions with CLAS

SciTech Connect

G.P. Gilfoyle

2007-09-10

The physics program at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility includes a strong effort to measure form factors and structure functions to probe the structure of hadronic matter, reveal the nature of confinement, and develop an understanding of atomic nuclei using quark-gluon degrees of freedom. The CLAS detector is a large acceptance device occupying one of the end stations. We discuss here two programs that use CLAS; measuring the magnetic form factor of the neutron and the virtual photon asymmetry of the proton. The form factor has been measured with unprecedented kinematic coverage and precision up to Q2=4.7 GeV2 and is consistent within 5%-10% of the dipole parameterization. The proton virtual photon asymmetry has been measured across a wide range in Bjorken x. The data exceed the SU(6)-symmetric quark prediction and show evidence of a smooth approach to the scaling limit prescribed by perturbative QCD.

14. The Proton Form Factor Ratio Measurements at Jefferson Lab

SciTech Connect

Punjabi, Vina A.; Perdrisat, Charles F.

2014-03-01

The ratio of the proton form factors, G{sub Ep}/G{sub Mp}, has been measured from Q{sup 2} of 0.5 GeV{sup 2} to 8.5 GeV{sup 2}, at the Jefferson Laboratory, using the polarization transfer method. This ratio is extracted directly from the measured ratio of the transverse and longitudinal polarization components of the recoiling proton in elastic electron-proton scattering. The discovery that the proton form factor ratio measured in these experiments decreases approximately linearly with four-momentum transfer, Q{sup 2}, for values above ~1 GeV{sup 2}, is one of the most significant results to come out of JLab. These results have had a large impact on progress in hadronic physics; and have required a significant rethinking of nucleon structure. The increasingly common use of the double-polarization technique to measure the nucleon form factors, in the last 15 years, has resulted in a dramatic improvement of the quality of all four nucleon electromagnetic form factors, G{sub Ep}, G{sub Mp}, G{sub En} and G{sub Mn}. There is an approved experiment at JLab, GEP(V), to continue the ratio measurements to 12 GeV{sup 2}. A dedicated experimental setup, the Super Bigbite Spectrometer (SBS), will be built for this purpose. It will be equipped with a focal plane polarimeter to measure the polarization of the recoil protons. The scattered electrons will be detected in an electromagnetic calorimeter. In this presentation, I will review the status of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors and discuss a number of theoretical approaches to describe nucleon form factors.

15. Master integrals for the four-loop Sudakov form factor

Boels, Rutger H.; Kniehl, Bernd A.; Yang, Gang

2016-01-01

The light-like cusp anomalous dimension is a universal function in the analysis of infrared divergences. In maximally (N = 4) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory (SYM) in the planar limit, it is known, in principle, to all loop orders. The non-planar corrections are not known in any theory, with the first appearing at the four-loop order. The simplest quantity which contains this correction is the four-loop two-point form factor of the stress tensor multiplet. This form factor was largely obtained in integrand form in a previous work for N = 4 SYM, up to a free parameter. In this work, a reduction of the appearing integrals obtained by solving integration-by-parts (IBP) identities using a modified version of Reduze is reported. The form factor is shown to be independent of the remaining parameter at integrand level due to an intricate pattern of cancellations after IBP reduction. Moreover, two of the integral topologies vanish after reduction. The appearing master integrals are cross-checked using independent algebraic-geometry techniques explored in the Mint package. The latter results provide the basis of master integrals applicable to generic form factors, including those in Quantum Chromodynamics. Discrepancies between explicitly solving the IBP relations and the MINT approach are highlighted. Remaining bottlenecks to completing the computation of the four-loop non-planar cusp anomalous dimension in N = 4 SYM and beyond are identified.

16. Electromagnetic form factors of the Δ with D-waves

SciTech Connect

Ramalho, Gilberto T.F.; Pena, Maria Teresa; Gross, Franz L.

2010-06-01

The electromagnetic form factors of the Δ baryon are evaluated within the framework of a covariant spectator quark model, where S and D-states are included in the Δ wave function. We predict all the four Δ multipole form factors: the electric charge GE0, the magnetic dipole GM1, the electric quadrupole GE2 and the magnetic octupole GM3. We compare our predictions with other theoretical calculations. Our results are compatible with the available experimental data and recent lattice QCD data.

17. The B → K* form factors on the lattice

Agadjanov, Andria; Bernard, Véronique; Meißner, Ulf-G.; Rusetsky, Akaki

2016-09-01

The extraction of the B →K* transition form factors from lattice data is studied, applying non-relativistic effective field theory in a finite volume. The possible mixing of πK and ηK states is taken into account. The two-channel analogue of the Lellouch-Lüscher formula is reproduced. Due to the resonance nature of the K*, an equation is derived, which allows to determine the form factors at the pole position in a process-independent manner. The infinitely-narrow width approximation of the results is discussed.

18. Form factor of pNIPAM microgels in overpacked states

SciTech Connect

Gasser, U.; Hyatt, J. S.; Lietor-Santos, J.-J.; Fernandez-Nieves, A.; Herman, E. S.; Lyon, L. A.

2014-07-21

We study the form factor of thermoresponsive microgels based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) at high generalized volume fractions, ζ, where the particles must shrink or interpenetrate to fit into the available space. Small-angle neutron scattering with contrast matching techniques is used to determine the particle form factor. We find that the particle size is constant up to a volume fraction roughly between random close packing and space filling. Beyond this point, the particle size decreases with increasing particle concentration; this decrease is found to occur with little interpenetration. Noteworthily, the suspensions remain liquid-like for ζ larger than 1, emphasizing the importance of particle softness in determining suspension behavior.

19. Pion electromagnetic form factor in the Covariant Spectator Theory

SciTech Connect

Biernat, Elmar P.; Gross, Franz L.; Pena, Teresa; Stadler, Alfred

2014-01-01

The pion electromagnetic form factor at spacelike momentum transfer is calculated in relativistic impulse approximation using the Covariant Spectator Theory. The same dressed quark mass function and the equation for the pion bound-state vertex function as discussed in the companion paper are used for the calculation, together with a dressed quark current that satisfies the Ward-Takahashi identity. The results obtained for the pion form factor are in agreement with experimental data, they exhibit the typical monopole behavior at high momentum transfer and they satisfy some remarkable scaling relations.

20. Electromagnetic Form Factors of Hadrons in Quantum Field Theories

SciTech Connect

Dominguez, C. A.

2008-10-13

In this talk, recent results are presented of calculations of electromagnetic form factors of hadrons in the framework of two quantum field theories (QFT), (a) Dual-Large N{sub c} QCD (Dual-QCD{sub {infinity}}) for the pion, proton, and {delta}(1236), and (b) the Kroll-Lee-Zumino (KLZ) fully renormalizable Abelian QFT for the pion form factor. Both theories provide a QFT platform to improve on naive (tree-level) Vector Meson Dominance (VMD). Dual-QCD{sub {infinity}} provides a tree-level improvement by incorporating an infinite number of zero-width resonances, which can be subsequently shifted from the real axis to account for the time-like behaviour of the form factors. The renormalizable KLZ model provides a QFT improvement of VMD in the framework of perturbation theory. Due to the relative mildness of the {rho}{pi}{pi} coupling, and the size of loop suppression factors, the perturbative expansion is well defined in spite of this being a strong coupling theory. Both approaches lead to considerable improvements of VMD predictions for electromagnetic form factors, in excellent agreement with data.

1. Pseudo-scalar form factors at three loops in QCD

Ahmed, Taushif; Gehrmann, Thomas; Mathews, Prakash; Rana, Narayan; Ravindran, V.

2015-11-01

The coupling of a pseudo-scalar Higgs boson to gluons is mediated through a heavy quark loop. In the limit of large quark mass, it is described by an effective Lagrangian that only admits light degrees of freedom. In this effective theory, we compute the three-loop massless QCD corrections to the form factor that describes the coupling of a pseudo-scalar Higgs boson to gluons. Due to the axial anomaly, the pseudo-scalar operator for the gluonic field strength mixes with the divergence of the axial vector current. Working in dimensional regularization and using the 't Hooft-Veltman prescription for the axial vector current, we compute the three-loop pseudo-scalar form factors for massless quarks and gluons. Using the universal infrared factorization properties, we independently derive the three-loop operator mixing and finite operator renormalisation from the renormalisation group equation for the form factors, thereby confirming recent results in the operator product expansion. The finite part of the three-loop form factor is an important ingredient to the precise prediction of the pseudo-scalar Higgs boson production cross section at hadron colliders. We discuss potential applications and derive the hard matching coefficient in soft-collinear effective theory.

2. Pion Electromagnetic Form Factor in Virtuality Distribution Formalism

SciTech Connect

2016-01-01

We discuss two applications of the {\\it Virtuality Distribution Amplitudes} (VDA) formalism developed in our recent papers. We start with an overview of the main properties of the pion distribution amplitude emphasizing the quantitative measures of its width, and possibility to access them through the pion transition form factor studies. We formulate the basic concepts of the VDA approach and introduce the pion {\\it transverse momentum distribution amplitude} (TMDA) which plays, in a covariant Lagrangian formulation, a role similar to that of the pion wave function in the 3-dimensional Hamiltonian light-front approach. We propose simple factorized models for soft TMDAs, and use them to describe existing data on the pion transition form factor, thus fixing the scale determining the size of the transverse-momentum effects. Finally, we apply the VDA approach to the one-gluon exchange contribution for the pion electromagnetic form factor. We observe a very late $Q^2 \\gtrsim 20$ GeV$^2$ onset of transition to the asymptotic pQCD predictions and show that in the $Q^2 \\lesssim 10$ GeV$^2$ region there is essentially no sensitivity to the shape of the pion distribution amplitude. Furthermore, the magnitude of the one-gluon exchange contribution in this region is estimated to be an order of magnitude below the Jefferson Lab data, thus leaving the Feynman mechanism as the only one relevant to the pion electromagnetic form factor behavior for accessible $Q^2$.

3. Saul R. Korey Lecture. Molecular genetics of Tay-Sachs and related disorders: a personal account.

PubMed

Suzuki, K

1994-07-01

The history of human genetic lysosomal disorders began in 1881 with the description of what is now known as Tay-Sachs disease. In the early 1960s, when I entered the field while I was a neurology resident, the first phase of studies of lysosomal disorders was being replaced with the second analytical biochemistry phase. Saul Korey, the first Chairman of the Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, initiated the first integrated approach with a team consisting of clinical neurologists, neuropathologists, electron microscopists, cell biologists, organic chemists, and enzymologists. Despite his tragic death in 1963 in his mid-forties, the field flourished along the line of his vision through the third enzymology phase to the fourth and current molecular biology phase. The concept of Tay-Sachs disease as the only ganglioside storage disease has expanded to two forms of gangliosidoses, GM1- and GM2-gangliosidoses, and the latter into three distinct genetic disorders. Tay-Sachs disease, Sandhoff disease and the GM2 activator protein deficiency. More recently, all three genes coding for the three proteins each responsible for distinct genetic forms of GM2-gangliosidosis--beta-hexosaminidase alpha and beta subunits and the GM2 activator protein--have been cloned and many disease-causing mutations have been identified. We have reached the halfway point in our quest for eventual understanding of the pathogenesis and effective treatment of these disorders, starting from the clinical phenotype through biochemistry to the gene. With this new knowledge on the gene level, we should be tracing the route back to enzymology, biology and pathogenetic mechanism of these disorders in the years to come.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) PMID:8021707

4. The Super Bigbite Project: A Study of Nucleon Form Factors

SciTech Connect

Jager, Kees de

2010-06-01

A proposed set of instrumentation, collectively referred to as the Super Bigbite project, is presented. Used in three different con figurations it will allow measurements of three nucleon electromagnetic form factors GEn, GEp, and GMn with unprecedented precision to Q2-values up to three times higher than existing data.

5. Delta-Isobar magnetic form factor in QCD

SciTech Connect

1993-01-01

We consider the QCD sum rules approach for Delta-isobar magnetic form factor in the infra-red region 0 6. Measurement of the pion form factor at higher energies SciTech Connect Mack, D.J. 1994-04-01 One of the strongest arguments for increasing the nominal CEBAF beam energy to equal or exceed 6 GeV is that one would be able to make quality high Q{sup 2} measurements of the charged pion form factor. 7. JLAB Measurements of the Deuteron Electric and Magnetic Form Factors SciTech Connect Gerassimos G. Petratos 2000-12-12 Large-momentum transfer JLab measurements of the deuteron electric and magnetic form factors are reported. The data are compared to theoretical models based on the relativistic impulse approximation with the inclusion of meson-exchange currents, and to predictions of quark-dimensional scaling and perturbative QCD. 8. Personality Research Form: Factor Structure and Response Style Involvement. ERIC Educational Resources Information Center Stricker, Lawrence J. The aims of this study were (1) to explore the factor structure of the Personality Research Form (PRF) and (2) to examine the inventory's relations with response styles. In general the PRF content scales correlated moderately with each other and with measures of acquiesence, social desirability, and defensiveness response Biases. Six oblique… 9. Nucleon form factors program with SBS at JLAB SciTech Connect Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan B. 2014-12-01 The physics of the nucleon form factors is the basic part of the Jefferson Laboratory program. We review the achievements of the 6-GeV era and the program with the 12- GeV beam with the SBS spectrometer in Hall A, with a focus on the nucleon ground state properties. 10. The Modern description of semileptonic meson form factors SciTech Connect Hill, Richard J. 2006-06-01 I describe recent advances in our understanding of the hadronic form factors governing semileptonic meson transitions. The resulting framework provides a systematic approach to the experimental data, as a means of extracting precision observables, testing nonperturbative field theory methods, and probing a poorly understood limit of QCD. 11. Factor Content of the Hill Interaction Matrix--Form B ERIC Educational Resources Information Center Drummond, Robert J.; McIntire, Walter G. 1976-01-01 Investigates the construct validity of the Hill Interaction Matrix--Form B, a 64-item instrument designed to assess preferred modes of interaction in group settings. A factor analysis was performed by using 134 subjects. Results indicate that the items and the conceptual format are appropriate. (Author) 12. The Mainz high-precision proton form factor measurement NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bernauer, Jan 2011-04-01 Form factors offer a direct approach to fundamental properties of the nucleons like the radius and charge distribution. Renewed interest was stirred up by the 5 sigma discrepancy between a recent determination of the proton radius from the Lamb shift in muonic hydrogen and preceding electron scattering results. The low-q shape of the form factors might also contain a direct signal of a pion cloud around the nucleus and is a strong test of hadron models. In my talk, I will discuss the electron scattering experiment performed with the 3-spectrometer-facility of the A1 collaboration at MAMI in Mainz, Germany. The data set covers the Q2-range from 0.004 to 1 (GeV / c) 2 and includes about 1400 separate cross section measurements, spanning the range of scattering angles from below 20° to above 120° at six beam energies between 180 and 855 MeV, with statistical uncertainties below 0.4%. The 3-spectrometer-setup allowed for a simultaneous monitoring of the luminosity and overlapping and redundant measurements of the cross section to achieve stringent control over systematic uncertainties. Beam stabilization systems and redundant current measurements further limit systematic effects. The measured cross sections were analyzed with the standard Rosenbluth separation technique and by employing direct fits of a large set of form factor models. The high redundancy of the data set allowed us to extract the form factors up to 0.6 (GeV / c) 2 with very small uncertainties and to give a new, precise value for the proton radius from electron scattering. From the form factors, the charge distribution and Zemach moments were calculated. The latter constitute important input for the theoretical corrections of the muonic Lamb shift experiment. However, the revised values can not explain the discrepancy. Further possible explanations include higher order QED-corrections, vacuum effects or even physics beyond the standard model. 13. Tay-Sachs disease carrier screening: a 21-year experience. PubMed D'Souza, G; McCann, C L; Hedrick, J; Fairley, C; Nagel, H L; Kushner, J D; Kessel, R 2000-01-01 This paper presents the findings of a community-based carrier screening program for Tay-Sachs disease, initiated on the University of Wisconsin-Madison campus in 1978. The Madison Community Tay-Sachs Screening Program (MCTSSP) is a collaborative, interdisciplinary program that organizes and conducts periodic screening for Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) for the purpose of identifying Tay-Sachs carriers. We present and analyze data on carrier detection with regard to various demographics, including family history of TSD, ancestry, gender, medication exposure, and illness. Individuals participating in the MCTSSP between 1978 and 1999 were primarily of the target population, and the carrier rate was within the expected range (1/25). Despite aggressive publicity efforts and a well-established program, attendance at the screens has declined. A recent survey of Jewish undergraduate students at the University of Wisconsin-Madison showed poor recall of family screen history and carrier status and reinforced the perception that utilization of the Madison screening program has been low. Ways to increase awareness of and interest in carrier screening for TSD are explored. PMID:11142756 14. Rapid detection of fetal Mendelian disorders: Tay-Sachs disease. PubMed Guetta, Esther; Peleg, Leah 2008-01-01 Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive storage disease caused by the impaired activity of the lysosomal enzyme hexosaminidase A. In this fatal disease, the sphingolipid GM2 ganglioside accumulates in the neurons. Due to high carrier rates and the severity of the disease, population screening and prenatal diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease are routinely carried out in Israel. Laboratory diagnosis of Tay-Sachs is carried out with biochemical and DNA-based methods in peripheral and umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, and chorionic villi samples. The assay of hexosaminidase A (Hex A) activity is carried out with synthetic substrates, 4-methylumbelliferyl-6-sulfo-N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminide (4-MUGS) and 4-methylumbelliferil-N-acetyl-beta-glucosamine (4-MUG), and the DNA-based analysis involves testing for the presence of specific known mutations in the alpha-subunit gene of Hex A. Prenatal diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease is accomplished within 24-48 h from sampling. The preferred strategy is to simultaneously carry out enzymatic analysis in the amniotic fluid supernatant or in chorionic villi and molecular DNA-based testing in an amniotic fluid cell-pellet or in chorionic villi. PMID:18425478 15. Electromagnetic form factors and charge densities from hadrons to nuclei SciTech Connect Miller, Gerald A. 2009-10-15 A simple exact covariant model in which a scalar particle {psi} is modeled as a bound state of two different particles is used to elucidate relativistic aspects of electromagnetic form factors F(Q{sup 2}). The model form factor is computed using an exact covariant calculation of the lowest order triangle diagram. The light-front technique of integrating over the minus component of the virtual momentum gives the same result and is the same as the one obtained originally by Gunion et al. [Phys. Rev. D 8, 287 (1973)] by using time-ordered perturbation theory in the infinite-momentum frame. The meaning of the transverse density {rho}(b) is explained by providing a general derivation, using three spatial coordinates, of its relationship with the form factor. This allows us to identify a mean-square transverse size ={integral}d{sup 2}b b{sup 2}{rho}(b)=-4(dF/dQ{sup 2})(Q{sup 2}=0). The quantity is a true measure of hadronic size because of its direct relationship with the transverse density. We show that the rest-frame charge distribution is generally not observable by studying the explicit failure to uphold current conservation. Neutral systems of two charged constituents are shown to obey the conventional lore that the heavier one is generally closer to the transverse origin than the lighter one. It is argued that the negative central charge density of the neutron arises, in pion-cloud models, from pions of high longitudinal momentum that reside at the center. The nonrelativistic limit is defined precisely, and the ratio of the binding energy B to the mass M of the lightest constituent is shown to govern the influence of relativistic effects. It is shown that the exact relativistic formula for F(Q{sup 2}) is the same as the familiar one of the three-dimensional Fourier transform of a square of a wave function for very small values of B/M, but this only occurs for values of B/M less than about 0.001. For masses that mimic the quark-diquark model of 16. Octet Baryon Electromagnetic Form Factors in a Relativistic Quark Model SciTech Connect Gilberto Ramalho, Kazuo Tsushima 2011-09-01 We study the octet baryon electromagnetic properties by applying the covariant spectator quark model, and provide covariant parametrization that can be used to study baryon electromagnetic reactions. While we use the lattice QCD data in the large pion mass regime (small pion cloud effects) to determine the parameters of the model in the valence quark sector, we use the nucleon physical and octet baryon magnetic moment data to parameterize the pion cloud contributions. The valence quark contributions for the octet baryon electromagnetic form factors are estimated by extrapolating the lattice parametrization in the large pion mass regime to the physical regime. As for the pion cloud contributions, we parameterize them in a covariant, phenomenological manner, combined with SU(3) symmetry. We also discuss the impact of the pion cloud effects on the octet baryon electromagnetic form factors and their radii. 17. Dirac and Pauli form factors from lattice QCD SciTech Connect Collins, S.; Goeckeler, M.; Nobile, A.; Schaefer, A.; Haegler, Ph.; Horsley, R.; Winter, F.; Zanotti, J. M.; Nakamura, Y.; Pleiter, D.; Rakow, P. E. L.; Schierholz, G.; Schroers, W.; Stueben, H. 2011-10-01 We present a comprehensive analysis of the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon from a lattice simulation with two flavors of dynamical O(a)-improved Wilson fermions. A key feature of our calculation is that we make use of an extensive ensemble of lattice gauge field configurations with four different lattice spacings, multiple volumes, and pion masses down to m{sub {pi}{approx}1}80 MeV. We find that by employing Kelly-inspired parametrizations for the Q{sup 2} dependence of the form factors, we are able to obtain stable fits over our complete ensemble. Dirac and Pauli radii and the anomalous magnetic moments of the nucleon are extracted and results at light quark masses provide evidence for chiral nonanalytic behavior in these fundamental observables. 18. Measurement of the gamma gamma* -> pi0 transition form factor SciTech Connect Aubert, B. 2009-06-02 We study the reaction e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} e{sup +}e{sup -}{pi}{sup 0} in the single tag mode and measure the differential cross section d{sigma}/dQ{sup 2} and the {gamma}{gamma}* {yields} {pi}{sup 0} transition form factor in the mometum transfer range from 4 to 40 GeV{sup 2}. At Q{sup 2} > 10 GeV{sup 2} the measured form factor exceeds the asymptotic limit predicted by perturbative QCD. The analysis is based on 442 fb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity collected at PEP-II with the BABAR detector at e{sup +}e{sup -} center-of-mass energies near 10.6 GeV. 19. Bs→Kℓν form factors from lattice QCD NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bouchard, C. M.; Lepage, G. Peter; Monahan, Christopher; Na, Heechang; Shigemitsu, Junko 2014-09-01 We report the first lattice QCD calculation of the form factors for the standard model tree-level decay Bs→K ℓν. In combination with future measurement, this calculation will provide an alternative exclusive semileptonic determination of |Vub|. We compare our results with previous model calculations, make predictions for differential decay rates and branching fractions, and predict the ratio of differential branching fractions between Bs→Kτν and Bs→Kμν. We also present standard model predictions for differential decay rate forward-backward asymmetries and polarization fractions and calculate potentially useful ratios of Bs→K form factors with those of the fictitious Bs→ηs decay. Our lattice simulations utilize nonrelativistic QCD b and highly improved staggered light quarks on a subset of the MILC Collaboration 2+1 asqtad gauge configurations, including two lattice spacings and a range of light quark masses. 20. Reanalysis of Rosenbluth measurements of the proton form factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Gramolin, A. V.; Nikolenko, D. M. 2016-05-01 We present a reanalysis of the data from Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) experiments E140 [R. C. Walker et al., Phys. Rev. D 49, 5671 (1994), 10.1103/PhysRevD.49.5671] and NE11 [L. Andivahis et al., Phys. Rev. D 50, 5491 (1994), 10.1103/PhysRevD.50.5491] on elastic electron-proton scattering. This work is motivated by recent progress in calculating the corresponding radiative corrections and by the apparent discrepancy between the Rosenbluth and polarization transfer measurements of the proton electromagnetic form factors. New, corrected values for the scattering cross sections are presented, as well as a new form factor fit in the Q2 range from 1 to 8.83 GeV2. We also provide a complete set of revised formulas to account for radiative corrections in single-arm measurements of unpolarized elastic electron-proton scattering. 1. Small form factor full parallax tiled light field display NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Alpaslan, Zahir Y.; El-Ghoroury, Hussein S. 2015-03-01 With the recent introduction of Ostendo's Quantum Photonic Imager (QPI) display technology, a very small pixel pitch, emissive display with high brightness and low power consumption became available. We used QPI's to create a high performance light field display tiles with a very small form factor. Using 8 of these QPI light field displays tiled in a 4x2 array we created a tiled full parallax light field display. Each individual light field display tile combines custom designed micro lens array layers with monochrome green QPIs. Each of the light field display tiles can address 1000 x 800 pixels placed under an array of 20 x 16 lenslets with 500 μm diameters. The light field display tiles are placed with small gaps to create a tiled display of approximately 46 mm (W) x 17 mm (H) x 2 mm (D) in mechanical dimensions. The prototype tiled full parallax light field display demonstrates small form factor, high resolution and focus cues. 2. Axial form factor of the nucleon at large momentum transfers NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Anikin, I. V.; Braun, V. M.; Offen, N. 2016-08-01 Motivated by the emerging possibilities to study threshold pion electroproduction at large momentum transfers at Jefferson Laboratory following the 12 GeV upgrade, we provide a short theory summary and an estimate of the nucleon axial form factor for large virtualities in the Q2=1 - 10 GeV2 range using next-to-leading-order light-cone sum rules. 3. Theoretical and Experimental Review on Proton Form Factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Baldini Ferroli, Rinaldo; Pacetti, Simone 2014-12-01 During the last three lustra nucleon form factors experiments have lived a golden age, full of interesting results, that likely will continue and culminate when new data will come from BESIII, SND, CMD3 and PANDA, in the time-like region and, Jefferson Lab and A1 in the space-like region. On the other hand, from theoretical point of view, mainly concerning the possibility of descriptions in all kinematical regions, no great breakthrough has been made. 4. Stackable Form-Factor Peripheral Component Interconnect Device and Assembly NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Somervill, Kevin M. (Inventor); Ng, Tak-kwong (Inventor); Torres-Pomales, Wilfredo (Inventor); Malekpour, Mahyar R. (Inventor) 2013-01-01 A stackable form-factor Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) device can be configured as a host controller or a master/target for use on a PCI assembly. PCI device may comprise a multiple-input switch coupled to a PCI bus, a multiplexor coupled to the switch, and a reconfigurable device coupled to one of the switch and multiplexor. The PCI device is configured to support functionality from power-up, and either control function or add-in card function. 5. Nonlocal form factors for curved-space antisymmetric fields NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Netto, Tibério de Paula; Shapiro, Ilya L. 2016-07-01 In a recent paper, Buchbinder, Kirillova, and Pletnev presented formal arguments concerning the quantum equivalence of free massive antisymmetric tensor fields of the second and third rank to the free Proca theory and massive scalar field with minimal coupling to gravity, respectively. We confirm this result using explicit covariant calculations of nonlocal form factors based on the heart-kernel technique and discuss the discontinuity of quantum contributions in the massless limit. 6. Two-photon exchange corrections to the pion form factor DOE PAGESBeta Peter G. Blunden; Melnitchouk, Wally; Tjon, John A. 2010-01-06 Here, we compute two-photon exchange corrections to the electromagnetic form factor of the pion, taking into account the finite size of the pion. Compared to the soft-photon approximation for the infrared divergent contribution which neglects hadron structure effects, the corrections are found to be ≲ 1% for small Q2 (Q2 < 0.1 GeV2), but increase to several percent for Q2 ≳ 1 GeV2 at extreme backward angles. 7. Pion transverse charge density from timelike form factor data SciTech Connect Gerald Miller, Mark Strikman, Christian Weiss 2011-01-01 The transverse charge density in the pion can be represented as a dispersion integral of the imaginary part of the pion form factor in the timelike region. This formulation incorporates information from e+e- annihilation experiments and allows one to reconstruct the transverse density much more accurately than from the spacelike pion form factor data alone. We calculate the transverse density using an empirical parametrization of the timelike pion form factor and estimate that it is determined to an accuracy of ~10% at a distance b ~ 0.1 fm, and significantly better at larger distances. The density is found to be close to that obtained from a zero-width rho meson pole over a wide range and shows a pronounced rise at small distances. The resulting two-dimensional image of the fast-moving pion can be interpreted in terms of its partonic structure in QCD. We argue that the singular behavior of the charge density at the center requires a substantial presence of pointlike configurations in the pion's partonic wave function, which can be probed in other high-momentum transfer processes. 8. Helicity non-conserving form factor of the proton SciTech Connect Voutier, E.; Furget, C.; Knox, S. 1994-04-01 The study of the hadron structure in the high Q{sup 2} range contributes to the understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the confinement of quarks and gluons. Among the numerous experimental candidates sensitive to these mechanisms, the helicity non-conserving form factor of the proton is a privileged observable since it is controlled by non-perturbative effects. The authors investigate here the feasibility of high Q{sup 2} measurements of this form factor by means of the recoil polarization method in the context of the CEBAF 8 GeV facility. For that purpose, they discuss the development of a high energy proton polarimeter, based on the H({rvec p},pp) elastic scattering, to be placed at the focal plane of a new hadron spectrometer. It is shown that this experimental method significantly improves the knowledge of the helicity non-conserving form factor of the proton up to 10 GeV{sup 2}/c{sup 2}. 9. Strange vector form factors from parity-violating electron scattering SciTech Connect Kent Paschke, Anthony Thomas, Robert Michaels, David Armstrong 2011-06-01 The simplest models might describe the nucleon as 3 light quarks, but this description would be incomplete without inclusion of the sea of glue and qbar q pairs which binds it. Early indications of a particularly large contribution from strange quarks in this sea to the spin and mass of the nucleon motivated an experimental program examining the role of these strange quarks in the nucleon vector form factors. The strangeness form factors can be extracted from the well-studied electromagnetic structure of the nucleon using parity-violation in electron-nuclear scattering to isolate the effect of the weak interaction. With high luminosity and polarization, and a very stable beam due to its superconducting RF cavities, CEBAF at Jefferson Lab is a precision instrument uniquely well suited to the challenge of measurements of the small parity-violating asymmetries. The techniques and results of the two major Jefferson Lab experimental efforts in parity-violation studies, HAPPEX and G0, as well as efforts to describe the strange form factors in QCD, will be reviewed. 10. The proton form factor ratio results from Jefferson Lab SciTech Connect Vina Punjabi 2012-09-01 The ratio of the proton form factors, GE p/GMp, has been measured extensively, from Q2 of 0.5 GeV2 to 8.5 GeV2, at the Jefferson Laboratory, using the polarization transfer method. This ratio is extracted directly from the measured ratio of the transverse and longitudinal polarization components of the recoiling proton in elastic electron-proton scattering. The polarization transfer results are of unprecedented high precision and accuracy, due in large part to the small systematic uncertainties associated with the experimental technique. There is an approved experiment at JLab, GEP(5), to continue the ratio measurements to 12 GeV2. A dedicated experimental setup, the Super Bigbite Spectrometer (SBS), will be built for this purpose. It will be equipped with a focal plane polarimeter to measure the polarization of the recoil protons. The scattered electrons will be detected in an electromagnetic calorimeter. In this presentation, I will review the status of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors and discuss a number of theoretical approaches to describe nucleon form factors. 11. Meson Transition Form Factors in Light-Front Holographic QCD SciTech Connect Brodsky, Stanley J.; Cao, Fu-Guang; de Teramond, Guy F.; /Costa Rica U. 2011-06-22 We study the photon-to-meson transition form factors (TFFs) F{sub M{gamma}}(Q{sup 2}) for {gamma}{gamma}* {yields} M using light-front holographic methods. The Chern-Simons action, which is a natural form in 5-dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, leads directly to an expression for the photon-to-pion TFF for a class of confining models. Remarkably, the predicted pion TFF is identical to the leading order QCD result where the distribution amplitude has asymptotic form. The Chern-Simons form is local in AdS space and is thus somewhat limited in its predictability. It only retains the q{bar q} component of the pion wavefunction, and further, it projects out only the asymptotic form of the meson distribution amplitude. It is found that in order to describe simultaneously the decay process {pi}{sup 0} {yields} {gamma}{gamma} and the pion TFF at the asymptotic limit, a probability for the q{bar q} component of the pion wavefunction P{sub q{bar q}} = 0.5 is required; thus giving indication that the contributions from higher Fock states in the pion light-front wavefunction need to be included in the analysis. The probability for the Fock state containing four quarks (anti-quarks) which follows from analyzing the hadron matrix elements, P{sub q{bar q}q{bar q}} {approx} 10%, agrees with the analysis of the pion elastic form factor using light-front holography including higher Fock components in the pion wavefunction. The results for the TFFs for the {eta} and {eta}{prime} mesons are also presented. The rapid growth of the pion TFF exhibited by the BABAR data at high Q{sup 2} is not compatible with the models discussed in this article, whereas the theoretical calculations are in agreement with the experimental data for the {eta} and {eta}{prime} TFFs. 12. Neutron charge radius and the neutron electric form factor SciTech Connect Gentile, T. R.; Crawford, C. B. 2011-05-15 For nearly forty years, the Galster parametrization has been employed to fit existing data for the neutron electric form factor, G{sub E}{sup n}, vs the square of the four-momentum transfer, Q{sup 2}. Typically this parametrization is constrained to be consistent with experimental data for the neutron charge radius. However, we find that the Galster form does not have sufficient freedom to accommodate reasonable values of the radius without constraining or compromising the fit. In addition, the G{sub E}{sup n} data are now at sufficient precision to motivate a two-parameter fit (or three parameters if we include thermal neutron data). Here we present a modified form of a two-dipole parametrization that allows this freedom and fits both G{sub E}{sup n} (including recent data at both low and high four-momentum transfer) and the charge radius well with simple, well-defined parameters. Analysis reveals that the Galster form is essentially a two-parameter approximation to the two-dipole form but becomes degenerate if we try to extend it naturally to three parameters. 13. Electric and magnetic form factors of the proton NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bernauer, J. Â. C.; Distler, M. Â. O.; Friedrich, J.; Walcher, Th.; Achenbach, P.; Ayerbe Gayoso, C.; Böhm, R.; Bosnar, D.; Debenjak, L.; Doria, L.; Esser, A.; Fonvieille, H.; Gómez Rodríguez de la Paz, M.; Friedrich, J. Â. M.; Makek, M.; Merkel, H.; Middleton, D. Â. G.; Müller, U.; Nungesser, L.; Pochodzalla, J.; Potokar, M.; Sánchez Majos, S.; Schlimme, B. Â. S.; Širca, S.; Weinriefer, M.; A1 Collaboration 2014-07-01 This paper describes a precise measurement of electron scattering off the proton at momentum transfers of 0.003≲Q2≲1 GeV2. The average point-to-point error of the cross sections in this experiment is ˜0.37%. These data are used for a coherent new analysis together with all world data of unpolarized and polarized electron scattering from the very smallest to the highest momentum transfers so far measured. The extracted electric and magnetic form factors provide new insight into their exact shape, deviating from the classical dipole form, and of structure on top of this gross shape. The data reaching very low Q2 values are used for a new determination of the electric and magnetic radii. An empirical determination of the two-photon-exchange correction is presented. The implications of this correction on the radii and the question of a directly visible signal of the pion cloud are addressed. 14. Scattering form factors for self-assembled network junctions NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Foster, T.; Safran, S. A.; Sottmann, T.; Strey, R. 2007-11-01 The equilibrium microstructures in microemulsions and other self-assembled systems show complex, connected shapes such as symmetric bicontinuous spongelike structures and asymmetric bicontinuous networks formed by cylinders interconnected at junctions. In microemulsions, these cylinder network microstructures may mediate the structural transition from a spherical or globular phase to the bicontinuous microstructure. To understand the structural and statistical properties of such cylinder network microstructures as measured by scattering experiments, models are needed to extract the real-space structure from the scattering data. In this paper, we calculate the scattering functions appropriate for cylinder network microstructures. We focus on such networks that contain a high density of network junctions that connect the cylindrical elements. In this limit, the network microstructure can be regarded as an assembly of randomly oriented, closed packed network junctions (i.e., the cylinder scattering contributions are neglected). Accordingly, the scattering spectrum of the network microstructure can be calculated as the product of the junction number density, the junction form factor, which describes the scattering from the surface of a single junction, and a structure factor, which describes the local correlations of different junctions due to junction interactions (including their excluded volume). This approach is applied to analyze the scattering data from a bicontinuous microemulsion with equal volumes of water and oil. In a second approach, we included the cylinder scattering contribution in the junction form factor by calculating the scattering intensity of Y junctions to which three rods with spherical cross section are attached. The respective theoretical predictions are compared with results of neutron scattering measurements on a water-in-oil microemulsion with a connected microstructure. 15. INTEGRATED SACHS-WOLFE EFFECT FOR GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION SciTech Connect Laguna, Pablo; Larson, Shane L.; Spergel, David; Yunes, Nicolas 2010-05-20 Gravitational waves (GWs) are messengers carrying valuable information about their sources. For sources at cosmological distances, the waves will also contain the imprint left by the intervening matter. The situation is in close analogy with cosmic microwave photons, for which the large-scale structures the photons traverse contribute to the observed temperature anisotropies, in a process known as the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect. We derive the GW counterpart of this effect for waves propagating on a Friedman-Robertson-Walker background with scalar perturbations. We find that the phase, frequency, and amplitude of the GWs experience Sachs-Wolfe-type integrated effects, in addition to the magnification effects on the amplitude from gravitational lensing. We show that for supermassive black hole binaries, the integrated effects could account for measurable changes on the frequency, chirp mass, and luminosity distance of the binary, thus unveiling the presence of inhomogeneities, and potentially dark energy, in the universe. 16. Proton Form Factor Measurements Using Polarization Method: Beyond Born Approximation SciTech Connect Pentchev, Lubomir 2008-10-13 Significant theoretical and experimental efforts have been made over the past 7 years aiming to explain the discrepancy between the proton form factor ratio data obtained at JLab using the polarization method and the previous Rosenbluth measurements. Preliminary results from the first high precision polarization experiment dedicated to study effects beyond Born approximation will be presented. The ratio of the transferred polarization components and, separately, the longitudinal polarization in ep elastic scattering have been measured at a fixed Q{sup 2} of 2.5 GeV{sup 2} over a wide kinematic range. The two quantities impose constraints on the real part of the ep elastic amplitudes. 17. CEBAF at higher energies and the kaon electromagnetic form factor SciTech Connect Baker, O.K. 1994-04-01 The electromagnetic production of strangeness, the physics of exciting systems having strangeness degrees of freedom (production of hadrons with one or more strange constituent quarks) using electromagnetic probes (real or virtual photons), is one of the frontier areas of research which will be investigated at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) when it becomes operational. CEBAF is expected to have an important impact upon this field of research using its specialized set of detection instruments and high quality electron beam. This paper focusses upon one aspect of the associated production of strangeness - the determination of the kaon electromagnetic form factor at high squared momentum transfers. 18. Baryon octet electromagnetic form factors in a confining NJL model NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Carrillo-Serrano, Manuel E.; Bentz, Wolfgang; Cloët, Ian C.; Thomas, Anthony W. 2016-08-01 Electromagnetic form factors of the baryon octet are studied using a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model which utilizes the proper-time regularization scheme to simulate aspects of colour confinement. In addition, the model also incorporates corrections to the dressed quarks from vector meson correlations in the t-channel and the pion cloud. Comparison with recent chiral extrapolations of lattice QCD results shows a remarkable level of consistency. For the charge radii we find the surprising result that rEp < rEΣ+ and | rEn | < | rEΞ0 |, whereas the magnetic radii have a pattern largely consistent with a naive expectation based on the dressed quark masses. 19. gamma* p ---> Delta form-factors in QCD SciTech Connect V. M. Belyaev; A. V. Radyushkin 1995-05-01 We use local quark-hadron duality to estimate the purely nonperturbative soft contribution to the {gamma}*p {yields} {Delta} form factors. Our results are in agreement with existing experimental data. We predict that the ratio G*{sub E}(Q{sup 2})/G*{sub M}(Q{sup 2}) is small for all accessible Q{sup 2}, in contrast to the perturbative QCD expectations that G*{sub E}(Q{sup 2}) {yields} -G*{sub M}(Q{sup 2}). 20. Nucleon strangeness form factors and moments of PDF SciTech Connect Doi, Takumi; Deka, Mridupawan; Dong, Shao-Jing; Draper, Terrence; Liu, Keh-Fei; Mankame, Devdatta; Mathur, Nilmani; Streuer, Thomas 2011-10-24 The calculation of the nucleon strangeness form factors from N{sub f} = 2+1 clover fermion lattice QCD is presented. Disconnected insertions are evaluated using the Z(4) stochastic method, along with unbiased subtractions from the hopping parameter expansion. We find that increasing the number of nucleon sources for each configuration improves the signal significantly. We obtain G{sub M}{sup s}(0) = -0.017(25)(07), which is consistent with experimental values, and has an order of magnitude smaller error. Preliminary results for the strangeness contribution to the second moment of the parton distribution function are also presented. 1. Two-photon exchange corrections to the pion form factor SciTech Connect Peter G. Blunden; Melnitchouk, Wally; Tjon, John A. 2010-01-06 Here, we compute two-photon exchange corrections to the electromagnetic form factor of the pion, taking into account the finite size of the pion. Compared to the soft-photon approximation for the infrared divergent contribution which neglects hadron structure effects, the corrections are found to be ≲ 1% for small Q2 (Q2 < 0.1 GeV2), but increase to several percent for Q2 ≳ 1 GeV2 at extreme backward angles. 2. Minimal form factor digital-image sensor for endoscopic applications NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Wäny, Martin; Voltz, Stephan; Gaspar, Fabio; Chen, Lei 2009-02-01 This paper presents a digital image sensor SOC featuring a total chip area (including dicing tolerances) of 0.34mm2 for endoscopic applications. Due to this extremely small form factor the sensor enables integration in endoscopes, guide wires and locater devices of less than 1mm outer diameter. The sensor embeds a pixel matrix of 10'000 pixels with a pitch of 3um x 3um covered with RGB filters in Bayer pattern. The sensor operates fully autonomous, controlled by an on chip ring oscillator and readout state machine, which controls integration AD conversion and data transmission, thus the sensor only requires 4 pin's for power supply and data communication. The sensor provides a frame rate of 40Frames per second over a LVDS serial data link. The endoscopic application requires that the sensor must work without any local power decoupling capacitances at the end of up to 2m cabling and be able to sustain data communication over the same wire length without deteriorating image quality. This has been achieved by implementation of a current mode successive approximation ADC and current steering LVDS data transmission. An band gap circuit with -40dB PSRR at the data frequency was implemented as on chip reference to improve robustness against power supply ringing due to the high series inductance of the long cables. The B&W versions of the sensor provides a conversion gain of 30DN/nJ/cm2 at 550nm with a read noise in dark of 1.2DN when operated at 2m cable. Using the photon transfer method according to EMVA1288 standard the full well capacity was determined to be 18ke-. According to our knowledge the presented work is the currently world smallest fully digital image sensor. The chip was designed along with a aspheric single surface lens to assemble on the chip without increasing the form factor. The extremely small form factor of the resulting camera permit's to provide visualization with much higher than state of the art spatial resolution in sub 1mm endoscopic 3. Ricci inheritance collineations in Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Hussain, Tahir; Musharaf, Aisha; Khan, Suhail 2016-03-01 In this paper, we investigate Ricci Inheritance Collineations (RICs) in Kantowski-Sachs spacetimes. RICs are discussed in detail when Ricci tensor is degenerate and nondegenerate. In both the cases, RICs are obtained and it turns out that the dimension of Lie algebra of RICs is finite when Ricci tensor is nondegenerate. In the case when Ricci tensor is degenerate, we get finite as well as infinite dimensional group of RICs. 4. Choroidal Coloboma in a Case of Tay-Sachs Disease PubMed Central Ahmed, Nasreen Raees; Kumar, Vivek; Gogia, Varun 2014-01-01 Coloboma as an ocular finding has been documented in various syndromes. Here we have a case of infantile Tay-Sachs disease associated with unilateral choroidal coloboma. To the best of our knowledge, such an association has not been documented in the literature. Whether such an association is a matter of chance or signifies the involvement of ganglioside metabolism in ocular embryogenesis remains to be elucidated. PMID:25295204 5. a Study of Kantowski-Sachs Model in Ashtekar Variables NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Chakraborty, Subenoy; Chakravarty, Nabajit In this paper we study classical and quantum cosmology in Kantowski-Sachs model using Ashtekar variables. Classical solutions are obtained for the above model with a cosmological term and Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equations have been studied to obtain inflationary solutions. In quantum cosmology, the wave function of the Universe is obtained using path integral formalism as well as by solving the Wheeler-DeWitt (WD) equation. 6. Choroidal coloboma in a case of tay-sachs disease. PubMed Ahmed, Nasreen Raees; Tripathy, Koushik; Kumar, Vivek; Gogia, Varun 2014-01-01 Coloboma as an ocular finding has been documented in various syndromes. Here we have a case of infantile Tay-Sachs disease associated with unilateral choroidal coloboma. To the best of our knowledge, such an association has not been documented in the literature. Whether such an association is a matter of chance or signifies the involvement of ganglioside metabolism in ocular embryogenesis remains to be elucidated. PMID:25295204 7. Distribution of a pseudodeficiency allele among Tay-Sachs carriers SciTech Connect Tomczak, J.; Grebner, E.E. ); Boogen, C. ) 1993-08-01 Recently Triggs-Raine et al. (1992) identified a new mutation in the gene coding for the [alpha]-subunit of [beta]-hexosaminidase A (hex A), the enzyme whose deficiency causes Tay-Sachs disease. This mutation, a C[sub 739]-to-T transition in exon 7, results in an altered enzyme that is active (albeit at reduced levels) in cells but that has essentially no activity in serum. This so-called pseudodeficient allele was first detected in compound heterozygotes who also carried a Tay-Sachs disease allele and therefore had no detectable hex A in their serum but who were in good health. Carriers of this apparently benign mutation are generally indistinguishable from carriers of a lethal mutation by means of routine enzyme-based screening tests, because the product of the pseudodeficient allele is not detectable in serum and has decreased activity in cells. This suggests that some individuals who have been classified as Tay-Sachs carriers are actually carriers of the pseudodeficient allele and are not at risk to have a child affected with Tay-Sachs disease. The pseudodeficient allele may also be responsible for some inconclusive diagnoses, where leukocyte values fall below the normal range but are still above the carrier range. The fact that there are now two mutant alleles (the psuedodeficient and the adult) that are indistinguishable from the lethal infantile mutations by means of enzyme assay yet that are phenotypically very different and that together may account for as much as 12% of enzyme-defined carriers on the basis of the data here suggests that DNA analysis should be part of a comprehensive screening program. It will be particularly useful to identify the mutations in couples at risk, before they undergo prenatal diagnosis. DNA analysis will also resolve some inconclusive diagnoses. 8. Kantowski-Sachs universes sourced by a Skyrme fluid NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Parisi, Luca; Radicella, Ninfa; Vilasi, Gaetano 2015-03-01 The Kantowski-Sachs cosmological model sourced by a Skyrme field and a cosmological constant is considered in the framework of general relativity. Assuming a constant radial profile function α =π /2 for the hedgehog ansatz, the Skyrme contribution to Einstein equations is shown to be equivalent to an anisotropic fluid. Using dynamical system techniques, a qualitative analysis of the cosmological equations is presented. Physically interesting features of the model such as isotropization, bounce and recollapse are discussed. 9. ρ γ*→π (ρ ) transition form factors in the perturbative QCD factorization approach NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Zhang, Ya-Lan; Cheng, Shan; Hua, Jun; Xiao, Zhen-Jun 2015-11-01 In this paper, we studied the ρ γ*→π and ρ γ*→ρ transition processes and made the calculations for the ρ π transition form factor Q4Fρ π(Q2) and the ρ -meson electromagnetic form factors, FLL ,LT ,TT(Q2) and F1 ,2 ,3(Q2), by employing the perturbative QCD (PQCD) factorization approach. For the ρ γ*→π transition, we found that the contribution to form factor Q4Fρ π(Q2) from the term proportional to the distribution amplitude combination ϕρT(x1)ϕπP(x2) is absolutely dominant, and the PQCD predictions for both the size and the Q2-dependence of this form factor Q4Fρ π(Q2) agree well with those from the extended anti-de Sitter/QCD models or the light-cone QCD sum rule. For the ρ γ*→ρ transition and in the region of Q2≥3 GeV2 , furthermore, we found that the PQCD predictions for the magnitude and their Q2-dependence of the F1(Q2) and F2(Q2) form factors agree well with those from the QCD sum rule, while the PQCD prediction for F3(Q2) is much larger than the one from the QCD sum rule. 10. Meson transition form factors in light-front holographic QCD SciTech Connect Brodsky, Stanley J.; Cao Fuguang; de Teramond, Guy F. 2011-10-01 We study the photon-to-meson transition form factors (TFFs) F{sub M}{gamma}(Q{sup 2}) for {gamma}{gamma}{sup *}{yields}M using light-front holographic methods. The Chern-Simons action, which is a natural form in five-dimensional anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, is required to describe the anomalous coupling of mesons to photons using holographic methods and leads directly to an expression for the photon-to-pion TFF for a class of confining models. Remarkably, the predicted pion TFF is identical to the leading order QCD result where the distribution amplitude has asymptotic form. The Chern-Simons form is local in AdS space and is thus somewhat limited in its predictability. It only retains the qq component of the pion wave function, and further, it projects out only the asymptotic form of the meson distribution amplitude. It is found that in order to describe simultaneously the decay process {pi}{sup 0}{yields}{gamma}{gamma} and the pion TFF at the asymptotic limit, a probability for the qq component of the pion wave function P{sub qq}=0.5 is required, thus giving indication that the contributions from higher Fock states in the pion light-front wave function need to be included in the analysis. The probability for the Fock state containing four quarks P{sub qqqq}{approx}10%, which follows from analyzing the hadron matrix elements for a dressed current model, agrees with the analysis of the pion elastic form factor using light-front holography including higher Fock components in the pion wave function. The results for the TFFs for the {eta} and {eta}{sup '} mesons are also presented. The rapid growth of the pion TFF exhibited by the BABAR data at high Q{sup 2} is not compatible with the models discussed in this article, whereas the theoretical calculations are in agreement with the experimental data for the {eta} and {eta}{sup '} TFFs. 11. Small form factor optical fiber connector evaluation for harsh environments NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Ott, Melanie N.; Thomes, W. Joe, Jr.; Chuska, Richard F.; Switzer, Robert; Blair, Diana E. 2011-09-01 For the past decade NASA programs have utilized the Diamond AVIM connector for optical fiber assemblies on space flight instrumentation. These connectors have been used in communications, sensing and LIDAR systems where repeatability and high performance are required. Recently Diamond has released a smaller form factor optical fiber connector called the "Mini-AVIM" which although more compact still includes the tight tolerances and the ratcheting feature of the heritage AVIM. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Photonics Group in the Parts, Packaging and Assembly Technologies Office has been performing evaluations of this connector to determine how it compares to the performance of the AVIM connector and to assess its feasibility for harsh environmental applications. Vibration and thermal testing were performed on the Mini-AVIM with both multi-mode and single-mode optical fiber using insitu optical transmission monitoring. Random vibration testing was performed using typical launch condition profiles for most NASA missions but extended to 35 Grms, which is much higher than most requirements. Thermal testing was performed incrementally up to a range of -55°C to +125°C. The test results include both unjacketed fiber and cabled assembly evaluations. The data presented here indicate that the Mini-AVIM provides a viable option for small form factor applications that require a high performance optical fiber connector. 12. Measurement of the neutral weak form factors of the proton SciTech Connect Aniol, K.A.; Epstein, M.B.; Margaziotis, D.J.; Deur, A.; Spradlin, M.; Wilson, R.; Garibaldi, F.; Chen, J.; Chudakov, E.; de Jager, C.W.; Deur, A.; Gomez, J.; Hansen, O.; Kuss, M.; LeRose, J.; Michaels, R.; Price, J.S.; Rutt, P.M.; Saha, A.; Wojtsekhowski, B.; Madey, R.; Petratos, G.G.; Prout, D.; Suleiman, R.; Dale, D.; Glamazdin, A.; Gorbenko, V.; Pomatsalyuk, R.; Kim, D.H.; Kim, M.S.; Ewell, L.; Fissum, K.; Gao, J.; Liyanage, N.; Calarco, J.; Hersman, F.; Holtrop, M.; Leuschner, M.; Punjabi, V.; Vlahovic, B.; Jutier, C.; McCormick, K.; Todor, L.; Ulmer, P.E.; Cates, G.D.; Humensky, B.; Kumar, K.S.; Mastromarino, P.; Miller, G.W.; Spradlin, M.; Fleck, A.; Gilman, R.; McIntyre, J.; and others 1999-02-01 We have measured the parity-violating electroweak asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from the proton. The kinematic point [{l_angle}{theta}{sub lab }{r_angle}=12.3{degree} and {l_angle}Q{sup 2}{r_angle}=0.48 (GeV /c){sup 2} ] is chosen to provide sensitivity, at a level that is of theoretical interest, to the strange electric form factor G{sup s}{sub E} . The result, A={minus}14.5{plus_minus}2.2 ppm , is consistent with the electroweak standard model and no additional contributions from strange quarks. In particular, the measurement implies G{sup s}{sub E}+0.39G{sup s}{sub M}=0.023 {plus_minus}0.034(stat){plus_minus}0.022( syst){plus_minus}0.026({delta}G{sup n}{sub E}) , where the last uncertainty arises from the estimated uncertainty in the neutron electric form factor. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society} 13. Nucleon electromagnetic form factors in two-flavor QCD NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Capitani, S.; Della Morte, M.; Djukanovic, D.; von Hippel, G.; Hua, J.; Jäger, B.; Knippschild, B.; Meyer, H. B.; Rae, T. D.; Wittig, H. 2015-09-01 We present results for the nucleon electromagnetic form factors, including the momentum transfer dependence and derived quantities (charge radii and magnetic moment). The analysis is performed using O (a ) improved Wilson fermions in Nf=2 QCD measured on the Coordinated Lattice Simulations ensembles. Particular focus is placed on a systematic evaluation of the influence of excited states in three-point correlation functions, which lead to a biased evaluation, if not accounted for correctly. We argue that the use of summed operator insertions and fit Ansätze including excited states allow us to suppress and control this effect. We employ a novel method to perform joint chiral and continuum extrapolations, by fitting the form factors directly to the expressions of covariant baryonic chiral effective field theory. The final results for the charge radii and magnetic moment from our lattice calculations include, for the first time, a full error budget. We find that our estimates are compatible with experimental results within their overall uncertainties. 14. Improved semileptonic form factor calculations in lattice QCD SciTech Connect Evans, Richard; Bali, Gunnar; Collins, Sara 2010-11-01 We investigate the computational efficiency of two stochastic based alternatives to the sequential propagator method used in lattice QCD calculations of heavy-light semileptonic form factors. In the first method, we replace the sequential propagator, which couples the calculation of two of the three propagators required for the calculation, with a stochastic propagator so that the calculations of all three propagators are independent. This method is more flexible than the sequential propagator method but introduces stochastic noise. We study the noise to determine when this method becomes competitive with the sequential propagator method, and find that for any practical calculation it is competitive with or superior to the sequential propagator method. We also examine a second stochastic method, the so-called 'one-end trick', concluding it is relatively inefficient in this context. The investigation is carried out on two gauge field ensembles, using the nonperturbatively improved Wilson-Sheikholeslami-Wohlert action with N{sub f}=2 mass-degenerate sea quarks. The two ensembles have similar lattice spacings but different sea-quark masses. We use the first stochastic method to extract O(a)-improved, matched lattice results for the semileptonic form factors on the ensemble with lighter sea quarks, extracting f{sub +}(0). 15. Measurement of the Neutral Weak Form Factors of the Proton SciTech Connect Deur, Alexandre; Fleck, Andre; Saha, Arunava; Gasparian, Ashot; Frois, Bernard; Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan; Vlahovic, Branislav; Perdrisat, Charles; Cavata, Christian; Jutier, Christophe; De Jager, Cornelis; Neyret, Damien; Dale, Daniel; Armstrong, David; Lhuillier, David; Prout, David; Margaziotis, Demetrius; Kim, Donghee; Burtin, Etienne; Chudakov, Eugene; Hersman, F.; Garibaldi, Franco; Marie, Frederic; Miller, Greg; Rutledge, Gary; Gerstner, George; Petratos, Gerassimos; Quemener, Gilles; Cates, Gordon; Thompson, J.; Martino, Jacques; Gomez, Javier; Jorda, Jean-Paul; Hansen, Jens-Ole; Chen, Jian-Ping; Jardillier, Johann; Calarco, John; LeRose, John; Price, John; Gao, Juncai; McIntyre, Justin; McCormick, Kathy; Fissum, Kevin; Kramer, Kevin; Aniol, Konrad; Kumar, Krishna; Wijesooriya, Krishni; Ewell, Lars; Todor, Luminita; Spradlin, Marcus; Jones, Mark; Leuschner, Mark; Epstein, Martin; Baylac, Maud; Holtrop, Maurik; Finn, Michael; Kuss, Michael; Kim, Min; Falletto, Nicolas; Liyanage, Nilanga; Glamazdin, Oleksandr; Rutt, Paul; Souder, Paul; Ulmer, Paul; Mastromarino, Peter; Djawotho, Pibero; Wilson, Richard; Suleiman, Riad; Holmes, Richard; Madey, Richard; Lourie, Robert; Michaels, Robert; Pomatsalyuk, Roman; Gilman, Ronald; Incerti, Sebastien; Escoffier, Stephanie; Pussieux, Thierry; Humensky, Thomas; Gorbenko, Viktor; Punjabi, Vina; Kahl, William; Meziani, Zein-Eddine 1999-02-01 We have measured the parity-violating electroweak asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from the proton. The kinematic point [(Thetalab) = 12.3r and (Q2) = 0.48 (GeV/c)2] is chosen to provide sensitivity, at a level that is of theoretical interest, to the strange electric form factor GsE. The result, A = - 14.5 + or - 2.2 ppm, is consistent with the electroweak standard model and no additional contributions from strange quarks. In particular, the measurement implies GsE + 0.39GsM = 0.023 + or - 0.034(stat) + or - 0.022(syst) + or - 0.026(delta-GnE), where the last uncertainty arises from the estimated uncertainty in the neutron electric form factor. 16. Electroweak form factors of the Δ (1232 ) resonance NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Graczyk, Krzysztof M.; Żmuda, Jakub; Sobczyk, Jan T. 2014-11-01 Nucleon →Δ (1232 ) transition electroweak form factors are discussed in a single pion production model with nonresonant background terms originating from a chiral perturbation theory. Fits to electron-proton scattering F2 as well as neutrino scattering bubble chamber experimental data are performed. Both ν -proton and ν -neutron channel data are discussed in a unified statistical model. A new parametrization of the N →Δ (1232 ) vector form factors is proposed. In the case of model with deuteron nuclear effects fit to neutrino scattering data gives the axial mass MA Δ=0.85-0.08+0.09 GeV and C5A(0 )=1.10-0.14+0.15 in accordance with the Goldberger-Treiman relation. However, the consistency is spoiled when the deuteron effects are omitted; i.e., in this case the fit gives the axial mass MA Δ=0.8 1-0.09+0.09 GeV and C5A(0 )=0.9 3-0.13+0.13 . 17. Splice junction mutation in some Ashkenazi Jews with Tay-Sachs disease: Evidence against a single defect within this ethnic group SciTech Connect Myerowitz, R. ) 1988-06-01 Tay-Sachs disease is an inherited disorder in which the {alpha} chain of the lysosomal enzyme {beta}-N-acetylhexosaminidase A bears the mutation. Ashkenazi Jews are found to be carriers for a severe type of Tay-Sachs disease, the classic form, 10 times more frequently than the general population. Ashkenazi Jewish patients with classic Tay-Sachs disease have appeared to be clinically and biochemically identical, and the usual assumption has been that they harbor the same {alpha}-chain mutation. The author has isolated the {alpha}-chain gene from an Ashkenazi Jewish patient, GM2968, with classic Tay-Sachs disease and compared its nucleotide sequences with that of the normal {alpha}-chain gene in the promoter region, exon and splice junction regions, and polyadenylylation signal area. Only one difference was observed between these sequences. The alteration is presumed to be functionally significant and to result in aberrant mRNA splicing. Utilizing the polymerase chain reaction to amplify the region encompassing the mutation, the author developed an assay to screen patients and heterozygote carriers for this mutation. Surprisingly, in each of two Ashkenazi patients, only one {alpha}-chain allele harbored the splice junction mutation. Only one parent of each of these patients was positive for the defect. Another Ashkenazi patient did not bear this mutation at all nor did either of the subject's parents. The data are consistent with the presence of more than one mutation underlying the classic form of Tay-Sachs disease in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. 18. Deuteron Electromagnetic Form Factors in AdS/QCD NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Lyubovitskij, Valery E.; Gutsche, Thomas; Schmidt, Ivan; Vega, Alfredo 2016-03-01 We extend a soft-wall AdS/QCD approach to a description of deuteron properties. Our framework is based an effective action formulated in terms of AdS fields, which are holographically equivalent to the deuteron and photon fields. This action produces the equation of motion for the deuteron wave function and the Q^2 -dependent electromagnetic current, which are then used to calculate the deuteron electromagnetic form factors and structure functions in the Euclidean region. We show that the predicted deuteron quantities are expressed through a universal function, which is defined by a single scale parameter κ and which has the correct 1/Q^{10} power scaling at large Q^2. 19. Chiral corrections to the hyperon vector form factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Villadoro, Giovanni 2006-07-01 We present a complete calculation of the SU(3)-breaking corrections to the hyperon vector form factors up to O(p4) in heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. Because of the Ademollo-Gatto theorem, at this order the results do not depend on unknown low energy constants and allow to test the convergence of the chiral expansion. We complete and correct previous calculations and find that O(p3) and O(1/M0) corrections are important. We also study the inclusion of the decuplet degrees of freedom, showing that in this case the perturbative expansion is jeopardized. These results raise doubts on the reliability of the chiral expansion for hyperons. 20. Longitudinal electron scattering form factors for 54,56Fe NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Salman, A. D.; Kadhim, D. R. 2014-09-01 In this paper, inelastic longitudinal electron scattering form factors for C2 transition have been studied in 54Fe and 56Fe with the aid of shell model calculations. The GX1 effective interaction for the fp-shell is used with the nucleon-nucleon realistic interaction Michigan three-range Yukawa and Modified surface delta interaction as a two-body interactions. The core polarization effects is taken into account through the first-order perturbation theory with the effective charge, which is taken to the proton and the neutron. The effective charge along with the core effects up to 6 ℏw enhanced the calculation very well and improving good agreement with the experimental data. 1. Thin and small form factor cells : simulated behavior. SciTech Connect Clews, Peggy Jane; Pluym, Tammy; Grubbs, Robert K.; Cruz-Campa, Jose Luis; Zubia, David; Young, Ralph Watson; Okandan, Murat; Gupta, Vipin P.; Nielson, Gregory N.; Resnick, Paul James 2010-07-01 Thin and small form factor cells have been researched lately by several research groups around the world due to possible lower assembly costs and reduced material consumption with higher efficiencies. Given the popularity of these devices, it is important to have detailed information about the behavior of these devices. Simulation of fabrication processes and device performance reveals some of the advantages and behavior of solar cells that are thin and small. Three main effects were studied: the effect of surface recombination on the optimum thickness, efficiency, and current density, the effect of contact distance on the efficiency for thin cells, and lastly the effect of surface recombination on the grams per Watt-peak. Results show that high efficiency can be obtained in thin devices if they are well-passivated and the distance between contacts is short. Furthermore, the ratio of grams per Watt-peak is greatly reduced as the device is thinned. 2. The Pion Charge Form Factor Through Pion Electroproduction SciTech Connect Horn, Tanja 2006-04-01 The goal of Jefferson Lab experiment E01-004 (F?-2) was the measurement of the longitudinal and transverse cross sections via pion electroproduction from hydrogen and deuterium for the purpose of extracting the charged pion form factor using pole dominance. The data were taken at two values of Q2 (1.60 and 2.45 GeV/c)2. In order to attain full coverage in R?, charged pions were detected in parallel kinematics (along the direction of momentum transfer, q), and at Â±3 degrees off the direction of momentum transfer. For each Q2 data were taken for two values of the virtual photon polarization, ?, respectively. All data were taken at a fixed center of mass energy, W=2.22 GeV. The longitudinal and transverse pieces of the cross section were separated using the Rosenbluth separation method. 3. Deuteron Electromagnetic Form Factors in AdS/QCD NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Lyubovitskij, Valery E.; Gutsche, Thomas; Schmidt, Ivan; Vega, Alfredo 2016-07-01 We extend a soft-wall AdS/QCD approach to a description of deuteron properties. Our framework is based an effective action formulated in terms of AdS fields, which are holographically equivalent to the deuteron and photon fields. This action produces the equation of motion for the deuteron wave function and the Q^2-dependent electromagnetic current, which are then used to calculate the deuteron electromagnetic form factors and structure functions in the Euclidean region. We show that the predicted deuteron quantities are expressed through a universal function, which is defined by a single scale parameter κ and which has the correct 1/Q^{10} power scaling at large Q^2. 4. Finite-lattice form factors in free-fermion models NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Iorgov, N.; Lisovyy, O. 2011-04-01 We consider the general {Z}_2 -symmetric free-fermion model on the finite periodic lattice, which includes as special cases the Ising model on the square and triangular lattices and the {Z}_n -symmetric BBS τ(2)-model with n = 2. Translating Kaufman's fermionic approach to diagonalization of Ising-like transfer matrices into the language of Grassmann integrals, we determine the transfer matrix eigenvectors and observe that they coincide with the eigenvectors of a square lattice Ising transfer matrix. This allows us to find exact finite-lattice form factors of spin operators for the statistical model and the associated finite-length quantum chains, of which the most general is equivalent to the XY chain in a transverse field. 5. Lattice calculation of composite dark matter form factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Appelquist, T.; Brower, R. C.; Buchoff, M. I.; Cheng, M.; Cohen, S. D.; Fleming, G. T.; Kiskis, J.; Lin, M. F.; Neil, E. T.; Osborn, J. C.; Rebbi, C.; Schaich, D.; Schroeder, C.; Syritsyn, S.; Voronov, G.; Vranas, P.; Wasem, J. 2013-07-01 Composite dark matter candidates, which can arise from new strongly-coupled sectors, are well-motivated and phenomenologically interesting, particularly in the context of asymmetric generation of the relic density. In this work, we employ lattice calculations to study the electromagnetic form factors of electroweak-neutral dark-matter baryons for a three-color, QCD-like theory with Nf=2 and 6 degenerate fermions in the fundamental representation. We calculate the (connected) charge radius and anomalous magnetic moment, both of which can play a significant role for direct detection of composite dark matter. We find minimal Nf dependence in these quantities. We generate mass-dependent cross sections for dark matter-nucleon interactions and use them in conjunction with experimental results from XENON100, excluding dark matter candidates of this type with masses below 10 TeV. 6. Baryon Transition Form Factors at JLab: Status and Outlook SciTech Connect Ralf Gothe 2009-12-01 The measurements of exclusive single-meson and double-pion electro-production cross sections off the proton to study nucleon resonances will be extended to higher momentum transfers with the CLAS12 detector and the energy upgraded CEBAF beam. Based on new theoretical developments to extract and interpret the electromagnetic transition form factors and on the experience gained from the most recent results, the newly formed collaboration of experimentalists and theorists shall enable us to provide unprecedented high-precision data, high-quality analyses, and state-of-the-art model and QCD based calculations in a Q domain up to 10 GeV{sup 2}. For the first time nucleon resonance structures will be studied at still unexplored distance scales, where the dressed quark contributions are the dominating degrees of freedom and their strong interaction is responsible for the ground and excited nucleon state formation. These studies also open up a promising opportunity to understand the origin of more than 98% of the nucleon mass that is created by strong fields predominantly at these distance scales by dressing the current quarks. 7. Factors Governing Surface Form Accuracy In Diamond Machined Components NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Myler, J. K.; Page, D. A. 1988-10-01 simple spheres. It is important however to realise that a diamond turning process will possess a new set of criteria which limit the accuracy of the surface profile created corresponding to a completely new set of specifications. The most important factors are:- tool centring accuracy, surface waviness, conical form error, and other rotationally symmetric non spherical errors. The fixturing of the workpiece is very different from that of a conventional lap, since in many cases the diamond machine resembles a conventional lathe geometry where the workpiece rotates at a few thousand R.P.M. Substrates must be held rigidly for rotation at such speeds as compared with more delicate mounting methods for conventional laps. Consequently the workpiece may suffer from other forms of deformation which are non-rotationally symmetric due to mounting stresses (static deformation) and stresses induced at the speed of rotation (dynamic deformation). The magnitude of each of these contributions to overall form error will be a function of the type of machine, the material, substrate, and testing design. The following sections describe each of these effects in more detail based on experience obtained on a Pneumo Precision MSG325 XY CNC machine. Certain in-process measurement techniques have been devised to minimise and quantify each contribution. 8. The white matter of the human cerebrum: Part I The occipital lobe by Heinrich Sachs PubMed Central Forkel, Stephanie J.; Mahmood, Sajedha; Vergani, Francesco; Catani, Marco 2015-01-01 This is the first complete translation of Heinrich Sachs' outstanding white matter atlas dedicated to the occipital lobe. This work is accompanied by a prologue by Prof Carl Wernicke who for many years was Sachs' mentor in Breslau and enthusiastically supported his work. PMID:25527430 9. Phenomenological dynamics of loop quantum cosmology in Kantowski-Sachs spacetime SciTech Connect Chiou, D.-W. 2008-08-15 The fundamental theory and the semiclassical description of loop quantum cosmology (LQC) have been studied in the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker and Bianchi I models. As an extension to include both anisotropy and intrinsic curvature, this paper investigates the cosmological model of Kantowski-Sachs spacetime with a free massless scalar field at the level of phenomenological dynamics with the LQC discreteness corrections. The LQC corrections are implemented in two different improved quantization schemes. In both schemes, the big bang and big crunch singularities of the classical solution are resolved and replaced by the big bounces when the area or volume scale factor approaches the critical values in the Planck regime measured by the reference of the scalar field momentum. Symmetries of scaling are also noted and suggest that the fundamental spatial scale (area gap) may give rise to a temporal scale. The bouncing scenarios are in an analogous fashion of the Bianchi I model, naturally extending the observations obtained previously. 10. Quaternions, Torsion and the Physical Vacuum: Theories of M. Sachs and G. Shipov Compared NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Cyganski, David; Page, William S. Of several developments of unified field theories in the spirit of Einstein's original objective of a fully geometric description of all classical fields as well as quantum mechanics, two are particularly noteworthy. The works of Mendel Sachs and Gennady Shipov stand apart as major life works comprising tens of papers, several monographs and decades of effort. Direct comparison of these theories is hampered however by differences in notation and conceptual view-point. Despite these differences, there are many parallels between the fundamental mathematical structures appearing in each. In this paper we discuss the main tenets of the two approaches and demonstrate that they both give rise to a factorization of the invariant interval of general relativity. 11. Sialidase-mediated depletion of GM2 ganglioside in Tay-Sachs neuroglia cells. PubMed Igdoura, S A; Mertineit, C; Trasler, J M; Gravel, R A 1999-06-01 Tay-Sachs disease is a severe, inherited disease of the nervous system caused by accumulation of the brain lipid GM2 ganglioside. Mouse models of Tay-Sachs disease have revealed a metabolic bypass of the genetic defect based on the more potent activity of the enzyme sialidase towards GM2. To determine whether increasing the level of sialidase would produce a similar effect in human Tay-Sachs cells, we introduced a human sialidase cDNA into neuroglia cells derived from a Tay-Sachs fetus and demonstrated a dramatic reduction in the accumulated GM2. This outcome confirmed the reversibility of GM2 accumulation and opens the way to pharmacological induction or activation of sialidase for the treatment of human Tay-Sachs disease. PMID:10332044 12. Nucleon form factors and hidden symmetry in holographic QCD SciTech Connect Hong, Deog Ki; Rho, Mannque; Yee, Ho-Ung; Yi, Piljin 2008-01-01 The vector dominance of the electromagnetic form factors both for mesons and baryons arises naturally in holographic QCD, where both the number of colors and the 't Hooft coupling are taken to be very large, offering a bona-fide derivation of the notion of vector dominance. The crucial ingredient for this is the infinite tower of vector mesons in the approximations made which share features that are characteristic of the quenched approximation in lattice QCD. We approximate the infinite sum by contributions from the lowest four vector mesons of the tower which turn out to saturate the charge and magnetic moment sum rules within a few percent and compute them totally free of unknown parameters for momentum transfers Q{sup 2} < or approx. 1 GeV{sup 2}. We identify certain observables that can be reliably computed within the approximations and others that are not, and discuss how the improvement of the latter can enable one to bring holographic QCD closer to QCD proper. 13. A nursing challenge: adult-onset Tay-Sachs disease. PubMed Hamilton, D 1991-12-01 Adult-onset GM2 gangliosidosis (AOG), also labelled Adult-Onset Tay-Sachs disease, is a slowly progressing disease caused by a gradual accumulation of the GM2 ganglioside in neurons due to defective hexosaminidase A. Recent research findings and clinical experiences suggest that AOG may be more widespread than previously believed. Moreover, the diagnosis of AOG is often delayed because patients present with psychotic symptoms that mimic dementia, schizophrenia, mania, and depression. Because AOG patients typically respond poorly to psychiatric drug therapy and the symptomatology is so diverse, nurses must design and implement nursing care that ensures safety, structure, and comfort. PMID:1759864 14. Nucleon Structure and hyperon form factors from lattice QCD SciTech Connect Lin, Huey-Wen 2007-06-11 In this work, I report the latest lattice QCD calculations of nucleon and hyperon structure from chiral fermions in 2+1-flavor dynamical simulations. All calculations are done with a chirally symmetric fermion action, domain-wall fermions, for valence quarks. I begin with the latest lattice results on the nucleon structure, focusing on results from RBC/UKQCD using 2+1-flavor chiral fermion actions. We find the chiral-extrapolated axial coupling constant at physical pion mass point to be 1.23(5), consistant with experimental value. The renormalization constants for the structure functions are obtained from RI/MOM-scheme non-perturbative renormalization. We find first moments of the polarized and unpolarized nucleon structure functions at zero transfer momentum to be 0.133(13) and 0.203(23) respectively, using continuum chiral extrapolation. These are consistent with the experimental values, unlike previous calculations which have been 50% larger. We also have a prediction for the transversity, which we find to be 0.56(4). The twist-3 matrix element is consistent with zero which agrees with the prediction of the Wandzura-Wilczek relation. In the second half of this work, I report an indirect dynamical estimation of the strangeness proton magnetic moments using mixed actions. With the analysis of hyperon form factors and using charge symmetry, the strangeness of proton is found to be -0.066(26), consistent with the Adelaide-JLab Collaboration's result. The hyperon Sigma and Xi axial coupling constants are also performed for the first time in a lattice calculation, g_SigmaSigma = 0.441(14) and g_XiXi = -0.277(11). 15. Nucleon Structure and Hyperon Form Factors from Lattice QCD. SciTech Connect Lin,H.W. 2007-06-11 In this work, I report the latest lattice QCD calculations of nucleon and hyperon structure from chiral fermions in 2+1-flavor dynamical simulations. All calculations are done with a chirally symmetric fermion action, domain-wall fermions, for valence quarks. I begin with the latest lattice results on the nucleon structure, focusing on results from RBC/UKQCD using 2+1-flavor chiral fermion actions. We find the chiral-extrapolated axial coupling constant at physical pion mass point. to be 1.23(5), consistent with experimental value. The renormalization constants for the structure functions are obtained from RI/MOM-scheme non-perturbative renormalization. We find first moments of the polarized and unpolarized nucleon structure functions at zero transfer momentum to be 0.133(13) and 0.203(23) respectively, using continuum chiral extrapolation. These are consistent with the experimental values, unlike previous calculations which have been 50% larger. We also have a prediction for the transversity, which we find to be 0.56(4). The twist-3 matrix element is consistent with zero which agrees with the prediction of the Wandzura-Wilczek relation. In the second half of this work, I report an indirect dynamical estimation of the strangeness proton magnetic moments using mixed actions. With the analysis of hyperon form factors and using charge symmetry, the strangeness of proton is found to be -0.066(2G), consistent with the Adelaide-JLab Collaboration's result. The hyperon {Sigma} and {Xi} axial coupling constants are also performed for the first time in a lattice calculation, g{sub {Sigma}{Sigma}} = 0.441(14) and g{sub {Xi}{Xi}} = -0.277(11). 16. A human factors approach to waste form design SciTech Connect Rodriguez, M.A. 1994-04-01 The current study consist of two experiments and an example of a revised waste form to demonstrate the necessity of careful form design and provide guidance in obtaining accurate information through written solicitation of any kind. In Experiment 1, two differently designed forms were used to solicit the same list of specific information. The data suggest that the more clearly designed form significantly produced more of the specific information required than the form that just listed the questions. Experiment 2, which is to be conducted during the spring semester 1994, is designed to address three specific aspects of form design. The results of this Experiment 2 will be interpreted and presented at the 1994 International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, May 22--26. Guidelines and examples of form design are given. 17. Next-to-leading-order correction to pion form factor in k{sub T} factorization SciTech Connect Li Hsiangnan; Shen Yuelong; Wang Yuming; Zou Hao 2011-03-01 We calculate the next-to-leading-order (NLO) correction to the pion electromagnetic form factor at leading twist in the k{sub T} factorization theorem. Partons off-shell by k{sub T}{sup 2} are considered in both quark diagrams and effective diagrams for the transverse-momentum-dependent pion wave function. The light-cone singularities in the transverse-momentum-dependent pion wave function are regularized by rotating the Wilson lines away from the light cone. The soft divergences from gluon exchanges among initial- and fal-state partons cancel exactly. We derive the infrared-finite k{sub T}-dependent NLO hard kernel for the pion electromagnetic form factor by taking the difference of the above two sets of diagrams. Varying the renormalization and factorization scales, we find that the NLO correction is smaller, when both the scales are set to the invariant masses of internal particles: it becomes lower than 40% of the leading-order contribution for momentum transfer squared Q{sup 2}>7 GeV{sup 2}. It is observed that the NLO leading-twist correction does not play an essential role in explaining the experimental data, but the leading-order higher-twist contribution does. 18. Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in interacting dark energy models SciTech Connect Olivares, German; Pavon, Diego; Atrio-Barandela, Fernando 2008-05-15 Models with dark energy decaying into dark matter have been proposed in cosmology to solve the coincidence problem. We study the effect of such coupling on the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies. The interaction changes the rate of evolution of the metric potentials and the growth rate of matter density perturbations and modifies the integrated Sachs-Wolfe component of cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies, enhancing the effect. Cross correlation of galaxy catalogs with cosmic microwave background maps provides a model-independent test to constrain the interaction. We particularize our analysis for a specific interacting model and show that galaxy catalogs with median redshifts z{sub m}=0.1-0.9 can rule out models with an interaction parameter strength of c{sup 2}{approx_equal}0.1 better than 99.95% confidence level. Values of c{sup 2}{<=}0.01 are compatible with the data and may account for the possible discrepancy between the fraction of dark energy derived from Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe 3 yr data and the fraction obtained from the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect. Measuring the fraction of dark energy by these two methods could provide evidence of an interaction. 19. The static properties and form factors of the deuteron using the different forms of the Wood-Saxon potential NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Rezaei, B.; Dashtimoghadam, A. 2014-09-01 The basic properties and form factors of the deuteron system are investigated for the different forms of the Wood-Saxon potential. We have used the Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method for analytical solution of the radial Schrodinger equation. A comparison of the calculated values with experimental results are given. It is shown that the obtained results for the modified form of the Wood-Saxon potential are very close to the experimental results in comparison with other forms of the potential. 20. Structural consequences of amino acid substitutions causing Tay-Sachs disease. PubMed Ohno, Kazuki; Saito, Seiji; Sugawara, Kanako; Sakuraba, Hitoshi 2008-08-01 To determine the structural changes in the alpha-subunit of beta-hexosaminidase due to amino acid substitutions causing Tay-Sachs disease, we built structural models of mutant alpha-subunits resulting from 33 missense mutations (24 infantile and 9 late-onset), and analyzed the influence of each amino acid replacement on the structure by calculating the number of atoms affected and determining the solvent-accessible surface area of the corresponding amino acid residue in the wild-type alpha-subunit. In the infantile Tay-Sachs group, the number of atoms influenced by a mutation was generally larger than that in the late-onset Tay-Sachs group in both the main chain and the side chain, and residues associated with the mutations found in the infantile Tay-Sachs group tended to be less solvent-accessible than those in the late-onset Tay-Sachs group. Furthermore, color imaging determined the distribution and degree of the structural changes caused by representative amino acid substitutions, and that there were also differences between the infantile and late-onset Tay-Sachs disease groups. Structural study is useful for elucidating the basis of Tay-Sachs disease. PMID:18490185 1. Pion form factor using domain wall valence quarks and asqtad sea quarks SciTech Connect George Fleming; Frederic Bonnet; Robert Edwards; Randal Lewis; David Richards 2004-09-01 We compute the pion electromagnetic form factor in a hybrid calculation with domain wall valence quarks and improved staggered (asqtad) sea quarks. This method can easily be extended to rho-to-gamma-pi transition form factors. 2. 'Cherry red spot' in a patient with Tay-Sachs disease: case report. PubMed Aragão, Ricardo Evangelista Marrocos de; Ramos, Régia Maria Gondim; Pereira, Felipe Bezerra Alves; Bezerra, Andreya Ferreira Rodrigues; Fernandes, Daniel Nogueira 2009-01-01 Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disorder of sphingolipid metabolism, caused by enzyme hexosaminidase A deficiency that leads to an accumulation of GM2 in neurocytes which results in progressive loss of neurological function. The accumulation of lipid in retinal ganglion cells that leads to a chalk-white appearance of the fundus called 'cherry red spot' is the hallmark of Tay-Sachs disease. It is also seen in others neurometabolic diseases as well as in central retinal artery occlusion. This case reports a child with Tay-Sachs disease in a family with four previous similar deaths without diagnostic. PMID:19820796 3. Iso-vector form factors of the delta and nucleon in QCD sum rules SciTech Connect Ozpineci, A. 2012-10-23 Form factors are important non-perturbative properties of hadrons. They give information about the internal structure of the hadrons. In this work, iso-vector axial-vector and iso-vector tensor form factors of the nucleon and the iso-vector axial-vector {Delta}{yields}N transition form factor calculations in QCD Sum Rules are presented. 4. Molecular characterization of a novel HEXA mutation at the +3 position of intron 8 in a Tay-Sachs disease patient SciTech Connect Richard, M.; Triggs-Raine, B.; Natowicz, M. 1994-09-01 Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder resulting from mutations in the HEXA gene that cause a deficiency in the activity of that enzyme {beta}-hexosaminidase A (Hex A). This deficiency leads to the build-up of G{sub M2} ganglioside, resulting in neurodegeneration and death. Biochemical analysis of a non-Jewish patient with a late-infantile form of Tay-Sachs disease revealed a substantial level of Hex A activity (38.4%) when 4-MUG was used as the substrate. However, when a substrate (4-MUGS) specific for the {alpha}-subunit of Hex A ({alpha}{beta}) was used, almost no activity was detected in the HEXA gene of the patient using SSCP analysis followed by sequencing. The first mutation, a G533A substitution in exon 5, is previously described and associated with the B1 form of Tay-Sachs disease. The second mutation is a novel a-to-g base change at the +3 position of intron 8. This was confirmed using the AIRS method, whereby a MaeIII site was created in the presence of the mutation. Normal and patient mRNA was reverse transcribed and exons 7 to 9 were PCR-amplified from the cDNA. An abnormally sized amplification product detected only in the patient cDNA was sequenced; exon 8 had been deleted and exons 7 and 9 were spliced together. A substantial level of normally-sized PCR product was also detected in the patients cDNA. Experiments are in progress to determine if this is produced from the allele harboring the G533A mutation. Given that previous mutations of this type have been associated with 97-100% abnormal splicing, this mutation is likely to be the cause, together with the G533A mutation, of Tay-Sachs disease in this patient. 5. Box products in nilpotent normal form theory: The factoring method NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Murdock, James 2016-01-01 Let N be a nilpotent matrix and consider vector fields x ˙ = Nx + v (x) in normal form. Then v is equivariant under the flow eN*t for the inner product normal form or eMt for the sl2 normal form. These vector equivariants can be found by finding the scalar invariants for the Jordan blocks in N* or M; taking the box product of these to obtain the invariants for N* or M itself; and then boosting the invariants to equivariants by another box product. These methods, developed by Murdock and Sanders in 2007, are here given a self-contained exposition with new foundations and new algorithms yielding improved (simpler) Stanley decompositions for the invariants and equivariants. Ideas used include transvectants (from classical invariant theory), Stanley decompositions (from commutative algebra), and integer cones (from integer programming). This approach can be extended to covariants of sl2k for k > 1, known as SLOCC in quantum computing. 6. Bound Nucleon Form Factors, Quark-Hadron Duality, and the Nuclear EMC Effect SciTech Connect K. Tsushima; D.H. Lu; W. Melnitchouk; K. Saito; A.W. Thomas 2002-09-13 We discuss the electromagnetic form factors, axial form factors, and structure functions of a nucleon bound in the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model. Free space nucleon form factors are calculated using the improved cloudy bag model (ICBM). After describing finite nuclei and nuclear matter in the quark-based (EMC) model, the in-medium modification of the bound nucleon form factors is calculated in the same model. Finally, the bound nucleon structure function, F2, is extracted using the calculated in-medium electromagnetic form factors and Bloom-Gilman (quark-hadron) duality. 7. ATYPICAL PRESENTATION OF LATE-ONSET TAY-SACHS DISEASE PubMed Central DEIK, ANDRES; SAUNDERS-PULLMAN, RACHEL 2015-01-01 Introduction Late-onset Tay-Sachs disease (LOTS) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient Beta-hexosaminidase A activity. Methods We describe a 53-year-old woman who presented with adult-onset leg weakness, and whose initial diagnosis was progressive muscular atrophy without identifiable etiology. Development of cerebellar ataxia in mid-life prompted reassessment. Results Beta-hexosaminidase A quantification assay demonstrated absence of the isozyme. Genetic testing identified compound heterozygous mutations in the HEXA gene, confirming the diagnosis of LOTS. Conclusions The phenotypic spectrum of LOTS includes motor neuronopathy, ataxia, choreoathetosis, neuropathy, and psychiatric symptoms in various combinations. This patient highlights the emergence of different clinical features over many years and emphasizes the need to consider LOTS in the differential diagnosis of progressive muscular atrophy. PMID:24327357 8. Tay-Sachs disease: current perspectives from Australia PubMed Central Lew, Raelia M; Burnett, Leslie; Proos, Anné L; Delatycki, Martin B 2015-01-01 Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a fatal, recessively inherited neurodegenerative condition of infancy and early childhood. Although rare in most other populations, the carrier frequency is one in 25 in Ashkenazi Jews. Australian high-school-based TSD preconception genetic screening programs aim to screen, educate, and optimize reproductive choice for participants. These programs have demonstrated high uptake, low psychological morbidity, and have been shown to result in fewer than expected Jewish TSD-affected births over 18 years of operation. The majority of Jewish individuals of reproductive age outside of the high school screening program setting in Australia have not accessed screening. Recent recommendations advocate supplementing the community high school screening programs with general practitioner- and obstetrician-led genetic screening of Ashkenazi Jewish individuals for TSD and other severe recessive diseases for which this group is at risk. Massively parallel DNA sequencing is expected to become the testing modality of choice over the coming years. PMID:25653550 9. Tay-Sachs disease: current perspectives from Australia. PubMed Lew, Raelia M; Burnett, Leslie; Proos, Anné L; Delatycki, Martin B 2015-01-01 Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a fatal, recessively inherited neurodegenerative condition of infancy and early childhood. Although rare in most other populations, the carrier frequency is one in 25 in Ashkenazi Jews. Australian high-school-based TSD preconception genetic screening programs aim to screen, educate, and optimize reproductive choice for participants. These programs have demonstrated high uptake, low psychological morbidity, and have been shown to result in fewer than expected Jewish TSD-affected births over 18 years of operation. The majority of Jewish individuals of reproductive age outside of the high school screening program setting in Australia have not accessed screening. Recent recommendations advocate supplementing the community high school screening programs with general practitioner- and obstetrician-led genetic screening of Ashkenazi Jewish individuals for TSD and other severe recessive diseases for which this group is at risk. Massively parallel DNA sequencing is expected to become the testing modality of choice over the coming years. PMID:25653550 10. INTEGRATED SACHS-WOLFE IMPRINT OF SUPERSTRUCTURES ON LINEAR SCALES SciTech Connect Papai, Peter; Szapudi, Istvan; Granett, Benjamin R. 2011-05-01 We build a model for the density and integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) profile of supervoid and supercluster structures. Our model assumes that fluctuations evolve linearly from an initial Gaussian random field. We find these assumptions capable of describing N-body simulations and simulated ISW maps remarkably well on large scales. We construct an ISW map based on locations of superstructures identified previously in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Luminous Red Galaxy sample. A matched filter analysis of the cosmic microwave background confirms a signal at the 3.2{sigma} confidence level and estimates the radius of the underlying structures to be 55 {+-} 28 h{sup -1} Mpc. The amplitude of the signal, however, is 2{sigma} higher than {Lambda}CDM predictions. 11. [Physician satire and patient scorn in Hans Sachs' old Nürnberg and the physicians]. PubMed Sauerbeck, K O 1993-01-01 Among the best poems of Hans Sachs quite a few describe patient-physician relationships in 16th century Nuremberg. These poems offer a vivid impression of the technical aspects as well as of the social context of medical treatment at the time. Hans Sachs ridiculed the doctors and their patients, implying that everybody attempted to cheat the other side, and he provides evidence of a great influence of charlatans on the country population. The poems of Hans Sachs are extraordinary pieces or art; their aesthetics, though, appear unusual to us today. Medical satire is part of all European cultures, and has been written throughout medical history. Most motives of later satires focussing on physicians may be traced to Hans Sachs' poetry. PMID:8310473 12. Gauge-invariant treatment of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect on general spherically symmetric spacetimes SciTech Connect Tomita, Kenji 2010-03-15 On the basis of the Gerlach-Sengupta theory of gauge-invariant perturbations, a formula of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect for a central observer is derived on general spherically symmetric spacetimes. It will be useful for comparative studies of theoretical and observational aspects of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in the Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi cosmological models which have been noticed by explaining the apparent acceleration without cosmological constant. 13. Tay-Sach disease with "cherry-red spot"--first reported case in Malaysia. PubMed Chan, L Y; Balasubramaniam, S; Sunder, R; Jamalia, R; Karunakar, T V N; Alagaratnam, J 2011-12-01 We present a rare case of Tay-Sachs disease with retinal 'cherry-red spots' in a 19-month-old Malay child. Molecular genetic studies confirmed the diagnosis. The case highlights that 'cherry-red spot' is a useful clinical clue in Tay-Sachs disease and several other lysosomal storage disorders. It serves as an ideal illustration of the eye as a window to inborn error of metabolism. PMID:22390110 14. Chiral perturbation theory and off-shell electromagnetic form factors SciTech Connect Rudy, T.E.; Fearing, H.W.; Scherer, S. 1995-05-10 The off-shell electromagnetic vertex of pions and kaons is calculated to {ital O}({ital p}{sup 4}) in the momentum expansion within the framework of chiral perturbation theory to one loop. The formalism of Gasser and Leutwyler is extended to accommodate the most general form for off-shell Greens functions in the pseudoscalar meson sector. To that end we identify the structures at {ital O}({ital p}{sup 4}) which were initially removed by using the equation of motion of the lowest-order lagrangian. {copyright} {ital 1995} {ital American} {ital Institute} {ital of} {ital Physics}. 15. Crystal Structure of Human [Beta]-Hexosaminidase B: Understanding the Molecular Basis of Sandhoff and Tay-Sachs Disease SciTech Connect Mark, Brian L.; Mahuran, Don J.; Cherney, Maia M.; Zhao, Dalian; Knapp, Spencer; James, Michael N.G. 2010-12-01 In humans, two major {beta}-hexosaminidase isoenzymes exist: Hex A and Hex B. Hex A is a heterodimer of subunits {alpha} and {beta} (60% identity), whereas Hex B is a homodimer of {beta}-subunits. Interest in human {beta}-hexosaminidase stems from its association with Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff disease; these are prototypical lysosomal storage disorders resulting from the abnormal accumulation of G{sub M2}-ganglioside (G{sub M2}). Hex A degrades G{sub M2} by removing a terminal N-acetyl-D-galactosamine ({beta}-GalNAc) residue, and this activity requires the G{sub M2}-activator, a protein which solubilizes the ganglioside for presentation to Hex A. We present here the crystal structure of human Hex B, alone (2.4 {angstrom}) and in complex with the mechanistic inhibitors GalNAc-isofagomine (2.2 {angstrom}) or NAG-thiazoline (2.5 {angstrom}). From these, and the known X-ray structure of the G{sub M2}-activator, we have modeled Hex A in complex with the activator and ganglioside. Together, our crystallographic and modeling data demonstrate how {alpha} and {beta}-subunits dimerize to form either Hex A or Hex B, how these isoenzymes hydrolyze diverse substrates, and how many documented point mutations cause Sandhoff disease ({beta}-subunit mutations) and Tay-Sachs disease ({alpha}-subunit mutations). 16. Nucleon tensor form factors induced by isovector and isoscalar currents in QCD SciTech Connect Aliev, T. M.; Savci, M.; Azizi, K. 2011-10-01 Using the most general form of the nucleon interpolating current, we calculate the tensor form factors of the nucleon within light cone QCD sum rules. A comparison of our results on tensor form factors with those of the chiral-soliton model and lattice QCD is given. 17. Resource Form Factor and Installation of GFA Controllers SciTech Connect DeSteese, John G.; Hammerstrom, Donald J. 2009-11-15 The focus of this task is to optimize the form and placement of a controller comprising the Grid Friendly™ appliance (GFA) controller, power supply and power relay (and/or a solid-state power electronic switch) that would command a domestic water heater to shed its load in response to stress on the electric power grid. The GFA controller would disconnect the water heater from its supply circuit whenever it senses a low voltage signal or other indicators of system stress communicated via the electric power distribution system. Power would be reconnected to the appliance when the GFA controller senses the absence of these signals. This project has also considered more frequent cycling of this controller’s relay switch to perform demand-side frequency regulation. The principal criteria considered in this optimization are reliability, cost and life expectancy of the GFA components. The alternative embodiments of the GFA equipment under consideration are: Option 1- installation inside the insulation space of the water heater between the tank and jacket Option 2 containment in a separate nearby electrical enclosure Option 3 - as a modification or adjunct to the distribution panel housing and/or the breaker that protects the water heater supply circuit. 18. Highly Efficient Small Form Factor LED Retrofit Lamp SciTech Connect Steven Allen; Fred Palmer; Ming Li 2011-09-11 This report summarizes work to develop a high efficiency LED-based MR16 lamp downlight at OSRAM SYLVANIA under US Department of Energy contract DE-EE0000611. A new multichip LED package, electronic driver, and reflector optic were developed for these lamps. At steady-state, the lamp luminous flux was 409 lumens (lm), luminous efficacy of 87 lumens per watt (LPW), CRI (Ra) of 87, and R9 of 85 at a correlated color temperature (CCT) of 3285K. The LED alone achieved 120 lumens per watt efficacy and 600 lumen flux output at 25 C. The driver had 90% electrical conversion efficiency while maintaining excellent power quality with power factor >0.90 at a power of only 5 watts. Compared to similar existing MR16 lamps using LED sources, these lamps had much higher efficacy and color quality. The objective of this work was to demonstrate a LED-based MR16 retrofit lamp for replacement of 35W halogen MR16 lamps having (1) luminous flux of 500 lumens, (2) luminous efficacy of 100 lumens per watt, (3) beam angle less than 40{sup o} and center beam candlepower of at least 1000 candelas, and (4) excellent color quality. 19. 48 CFR 247.372 - DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR 2010-10-01 ... of Transportation Cost Factors. 247.372 Section 247.372 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SYSTEM, DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE CONTRACT MANAGEMENT TRANSPORTATION Transportation in Supply Contracts 247.372 DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors.... 20. Up- and Down-Quark Contributions to the Nucleon Form Factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Qattan, I. A.; Arrington, J. 2014-03-01 Recent measurements of the neutron s electric to magnetic form factors ratio, Rn = µnGnE/GnM, up to 3.4 (GeV/c)2 combined with existing Rp = µpGpE/GpM measurements in the same Q2 range allowed, for the first time, a separation of the up- and downquark contributions to the form factors at high Q2, as presented by Cates, et al.. Our analysis expands on the original work by including additional form factor data, applying two-photon exchange (TPE) corrections, and accounting for the uncertainties associated with all of the form factor measurements. 1. On soft theorems and form factors in N=4 SYM theory NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bork, L. V.; Onishchenko, A. I. 2015-12-01 Soft theorems for the form factors of 1/2-BPS and Konishi operator super-multiplets are derived at tree level in N=4 SYM theory. They have a form identical to the one in the amplitude case. For MHV sectors of stress tensor and Konishi operator supermultiplets loop corrections to soft theorems are considered at one loop level. They also appear to have universal form in the soft limit. Possible generalization of the on-shell diagrams to the form factors based on leading soft behavior is suggested. Finally, we give some comments on inverse soft limit and integrability of form factors in the limit q 2 → 0. 2. Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Counselor Skills Personal Development Rating Form. ERIC Educational Resources Information Center Torres-Rivera, Edil; Wilbur, Michael P.; Maddux, Cleborne D.; Smaby, Marlowe H.; Phan, Loan T.; Roberts-Wilbur, Janice 2002-01-01 Presents an exploratory factor analysis of the scores of 248 counselors-in-training on the Counselor Skills Personal Development Rating Form (CSPD-RF). Authors of the test hypothesized that the CPSD-RF measured 2 factors, personal development and skills development. Factor analysis revealed 4 factors accounting for 58.4% of the total variance,… 3. Flavor decomposition of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors at low Q2 NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Qattan, I. A.; Arrington, J.; Alsaad, A. 2015-06-01 Background: The spatial distribution of charge and magnetization within the proton is encoded in the elastic form factors. These have been precisely measured in elastic electron scattering, and the combination of proton and neutron form factors allows for the separation of the up- and down-quark contributions. Purpose: In this work, we extract the proton and neutron form factors from worldwide data with an emphasis on precise new data covering the low-momentum region, which is sensitive to the large-scale structure of the nucleon. From these, we separate the up- and down-quark contributions to the proton form factors. Method: We combine cross section and polarization measurements of elastic electron-proton scattering to separate the proton form factors and two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions. We combine the proton form factors with parametrization of the neutron form factor data and uncertainties to separate the up- and down-quark contributions to the proton's charge and magnetic form factors. Results: The extracted TPE corrections are compared to previous phenomenological extractions, TPE calculations, and direct measurements from the comparison of electron and positron scattering. The flavor-separated form factors are extracted and compared to models of the nucleon structure. Conclusions: With the inclusion of the precise new data, the extracted TPE contributions show a clear change of sign at low Q2, which is necessary to explain the high-Q2 form factor discrepancy while being consistent with the known Q2→0 limit. We find that the new Mainz data yield a significantly different result for the proton magnetic form factor and its flavor-separated contributions. We also observe that the rms radius of both the up- and down-quark distributions are smaller than the rms charge radius of the proton. 4. Tay-Sachs disease and HEXA mutations among Moroccan Jews. PubMed Kaufman, M; Grinshpun-Cohen, J; Karpati, M; Peleg, L; Goldman, B; Akstein, E; Adam, A; Navon, R 1997-01-01 Moroccan Jewry (N>750,000) is the only non-Ashkenazi Jewish community in which Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is not extremely rare. Previous studies among Moroccan Jewish TSD families identified three HEXA mutations. In this study, extended to enzyme-defined and new obilgate TSD carriers, we found four additional mutations. One of them is a novel, IVS5-2(A-->G) substitution, resulting in exon skipping, and it was found only among enzyme-defined carriers. The seven HEXA identified mutations among Moroccan Jews are: deltaF(304/305), R170Q, IVS-2(A-->G), Y180X, E482K, 1278+TATC, and IVS12+1(G-->C). Their respective distribution among 51 unrelated enzyme-defined and obligate carriers is 22:19:6:1:1:1:1. The mutation(s) remain unknown in only three enzyme-defined carriers. Five of the seven Moroccan mutations, including the three most common ones, were not found among Ashkenazi Jews. Compared with the much larger and relatively homogeneous Ashkenazi population, the finding among Moroccan Jews probably reflects their much longer history. PMID:9338583 5. Reconstructing the integrated Sachs-Wolfe map with galaxy surveys NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Muir, Jessica; Huterer, Dragan 2016-08-01 The integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect is a large-angle modulation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), generated when CMB photons traverse evolving potential wells associated with large scale structure (LSS). Recent efforts have been made to reconstruct maps of the ISW signal using information from surveys of galaxies and other LSS tracers, but investigation into how survey systematics affect their reliability has so far been limited. Using simulated ISW and LSS maps, we study the impact of galaxy survey properties and systematic errors on the accuracy of a reconstructed ISW signal. We find that systematics that affect the observed distribution of galaxies along the line of sight, such as photo-z and bias-evolution related errors, have a relatively minor impact on reconstruction quality. In contrast, however, we find that direction-dependent calibration errors can be very harmful. Specifically, we find that, in order to avoid significant degradation of our reconstruction quality statistics, direction-dependent number density fluctuations due to systematics must be controlled so that their variance is smaller than 10-6 (which corresponds to a 0.1% calibration). Additionally, we explore the implications of our results for attempts to use reconstructed ISW maps to shed light on the origin of large-angle CMB alignments. We find that there is only a weak correlation between the true and reconstructed angular momentum dispersion, which quantifies alignment, even for reconstructed ISW maps which are fairly accurate overall. 6. The integrated Sachs-Wolfe signal from BOSS superstructures NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Granett, B. R.; Kovács, A.; Hawken, A. J. 2015-12-01 Cosmic structures leave an imprint on the microwave background radiation through the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect. We construct a template map of the linear signal using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-III Baryon Acoustic Oscillation Survey at redshift 0.43 < z < 0.65. We verify the imprint of this map on the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature map at the 97 per cent confidence level and show consistency with the density-temperature cross-correlation measurement. Using this ISW reconstruction as a template, we investigate the presence of ISW sources and further examine the properties of the Granett-Neyrinck-Szapudi supervoid and supercluster catalogue. We characterize the three-dimensional density profiles of these structures for the first time and demonstrate that they are significant structures. Model fits demonstrate that the supervoids are elongated along the line of sight and we suggest that this special orientation may be picked out by the void-finding algorithm in photometric redshift space. We measure the mean temperature profiles in Planck maps from public void and cluster catalogues. In an attempt to maximize the stacked ISW signal, we construct a new catalogue of superstructures based upon local peaks and troughs of the gravitational potential. However, we do not find a significant correlation between these structures and the CMB temperature. 7. Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in time varying vacuum model SciTech Connect Wang, Y. T.; Gui, Y. X.; Xu, L. X.; Lu, J. B. 2010-04-15 The integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect is an important implication for dark energy. In this paper, we have calculated the power spectrum of the ISW effect in the time varying vacuum cosmological model, where the model parameter {beta}=4.407 is obtained by the observational constraint of the growth rate. It is found that the source of the ISW effect is not only affected by the different evolutions of the Hubble function H(a) and the dimensionless matter density {Omega}{sub m}(a), but also by the different growth function D{sub +}(a), all of which are changed due to the presence of a matter production term in the time varying vacuum model. However, the difference of the ISW effect in the {Lambda}(t)CDM model and the {Lambda}CDM model is lessened to a certain extent because of the integration from the time of last scattering to the present. It is implied that the observations of the galaxies with high redshift are required to distinguish the two models. 8. Lyddane-Sachs-Teller Analysis of Electronic Transitions NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Karstens, William; Smith, David Y. 2015-03-01 We have explored the use of the Lyddane-Sachs-Teller (LST) relation for analysis of electronic optical spectra. This relation originated in the theory of IR lattice absorption and, in analogy with the high IR reflectivity of polar crystals, we demonstrate a substantial region of almost-metallic UV reflectivity above the fundamental electronic absorption in selected solids; it is especially pronounced in group IV elements. This electronic Reststrahlen is terminated by a well-defined longitudinal plasmon and may be understood within LST theory. The original LST formulation neglects dissipation; we show it reflects the geometric symmetry of a normalized dispersion curve based on relative frequencies and polarizabilities. If dissipation is included, absorption widths enter only in second order, so the original LST relation applies to optical spectra that can be approximated by the Lorentz model. The Kramers-Kronig based moments formulation of Noh and Sievers holds generally. The normalized curve is specified by a single strength parameter that may be used as an approximate index to characterize optical response. The dielectric response of covalent semiconductors will be discussed as examples of the LST relation and the dependence of energy-loss spectra on electronic properties. Supported in part by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under Contract DE-AC02-06CH11357. 9. Skyrme model πNN form factor and the sea quark distribution of the nucleon NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Fries, R. J.; Schäfer, A. 1998-06-01 We calculate the sea quark distribution of the nucleon in a meson cloud model. The novel feature of our calculation is the implementation of a special πNN form factor recently obtained by Holzwarth and Machleidt. This form factor is hard for small and soft for large momentum transfers. We show that this feature leads to a substantial improvement. 10. Form factors in quantum integrable models with GL(3)-invariant R-matrix NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Pakuliak, S.; Ragoucy, E.; Slavnov, N. A. 2014-04-01 We study integrable models solvable by the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz and possessing GL(3)-invariant R-matrix. We obtain determinant representations for form factors of off-diagonal entries of the monodromy matrix. These representations can be used for the calculation of form factors and correlation functions of the XXX SU(3)-invariant Heisenberg chain. 11. Nucleon form factors from high statistics mixed-action calculations with 2+1 flavors SciTech Connect Schroers, Wolfram; Edwards, Robert G; Engelhardt, Michael; Fleming, George Taminga; Hagler, Philipp; Lin, Huey-Wen; Lin, Mei-Feng; Meyer, Harvey B; Musch, Bernhard; Negele, John W; Orginos, Kostas; Pochinsky, Andrew V; Procura, Massimiliano; Renner, Dru B; Richards, David G; Syritsyn, Sergey N; Walker-Loud, Andre P 2009-12-01 We present new high-statistics results for nucleon form factors at pion masses of approximately 290, 350, 500, and 600 MeV using a mixed action of domain wall valence quarks on an improved staggered sea. We perform chiral fits to both vector and axial form factors and compare our results to experiment. 12. Effective gene therapy in an authentic model of Tay-Sachs-related diseases. PubMed Cachón-González, M Begoña; Wang, Susan Z; Lynch, Andrew; Ziegler, Robin; Cheng, Seng H; Cox, Timothy M 2006-07-01 Tay-Sachs disease is a prototypic neurodegenerative disease. Lysosomal storage of GM2 ganglioside in Tay-Sachs and the related disorder, Sandhoff disease, is caused by deficiency of beta-hexosaminidase A, a heterodimeric protein. Tay-Sachs-related diseases (GM2 gangliosidoses) are incurable, but gene therapy has the potential for widespread correction of the underlying lysosomal defect by means of the secretion-recapture cellular pathway for enzymatic complementation. Sandhoff mice, lacking the beta-subunit of hexosaminidase, manifest many signs of classical human Tay-Sachs disease and, with an acute course, die before 20 weeks of age. We treated Sandhoff mice by stereotaxic intracranial inoculation of recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors encoding the complementing human beta-hexosaminidase alpha and beta subunit genes and elements, including an HIV tat sequence, to enhance protein expression and distribution. Animals survived for >1 year with sustained, widespread, and abundant enzyme delivery in the nervous system. Onset of the disease was delayed with preservation of motor function; inflammation and GM2 ganglioside storage in the brain and spinal cord was reduced. Gene delivery of beta-hexosaminidase A by using adeno-associated viral vectors has realistic potential for treating the human Tay-Sachs-related diseases. PMID:16801539 13. Basic versus applied research: Julius Sachs (1832–1897) and the experimental physiology of plants PubMed Central Kutschera, Ulrich 2015-01-01 The German biologist Julius Sachs was the first to introduce controlled, accurate, quantitative experimentation into the botanical sciences, and is regarded as the founder of modern plant physiology. His seminal monograph Experimental-Physiologie der Pflanzen (Experimental Physiology of Plants) was published 150 y ago (1865), when Sachs was employed as a lecturer at the Agricultural Academy in Poppelsdorf/Bonn (now part of the University). This book marks the beginning of a new era of basic and applied plant science. In this contribution, I summarize the achievements of Sachs and outline his lasting legacy. In addition, I show that Sachs was one of the first biologists who integrated bacteria, which he considered to be descendants of fungi, into the botanical sciences and discussed their interaction with land plants (degradation of wood etc.). This “plant-microbe-view” of green organisms was extended and elaborated by the laboratory botanist Wilhelm Pfeffer (1845–1920), so that the term “Sachs-Pfeffer-Principle of Experimental Plant Research” appears to be appropriate to characterize this novel way of performing scientific studies on green, photoautotrophic organisms (embryophytes, algae, cyanobacteria). PMID:26146794 14. Basic versus applied research: Julius Sachs (1832-1897) and the experimental physiology of plants. PubMed Kutschera, Ulrich 2015-01-01 The German biologist Julius Sachs was the first to introduce controlled, accurate, quantitative experimentation into the botanical sciences, and is regarded as the founder of modern plant physiology. His seminal monograph Experimental-Physiologie der Pflanzen (Experimental Physiology of Plants) was published 150 y ago (1865), when Sachs was employed as a lecturer at the Agricultural Academy in Poppelsdorf/Bonn (now part of the University). This book marks the beginning of a new era of basic and applied plant science. In this contribution, I summarize the achievements of Sachs and outline his lasting legacy. In addition, I show that Sachs was one of the first biologists who integrated bacteria, which he considered to be descendants of fungi, into the botanical sciences and discussed their interaction with land plants (degradation of wood etc.). This "plant-microbe-view" of green organisms was extended and elaborated by the laboratory botanist Wilhelm Pfeffer (1845-1920), so that the term "Sachs-Pfeffer-Principle of Experimental Plant Research" appears to be appropriate to characterize this novel way of performing scientific studies on green, photoautotrophic organisms (embryophytes, algae, cyanobacteria). PMID:26146794 15. Axial form factors of the octet baryons in a covariant quark model NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Ramalho, G.; Tsushima, K. 2016-07-01 We study the weak interaction axial form factors of the octet baryons, within the covariant spectator quark model, focusing on the dependence of four-momentum transfer squared, Q2. In our model the axial form factors GA(Q2) (axial-vector form factor) and GP(Q2) (induced pseudoscalar form factor) are calculated based on the constituent quark axial form factors and the octet baryon wave functions. The quark axial current is parametrized by the two constituent quark form factors, the axial-vector form factor gAq(Q2), and the induced pseudoscalar form factor gPq(Q2). The baryon wave functions are composed of a dominant S -state and a P -state mixture for the relative angular momentum of the quarks. First, we study in detail the nucleon case. We assume that the quark axial-vector form factor gAq(Q2) has the same function form as that of the quark electromagnetic isovector form factor. The remaining parameters of the model, the P -state mixture and the Q2 dependence of gPq(Q2), are determined by a fit to the nucleon axial form factor data obtained by lattice QCD simulations with large pion masses. In this lattice QCD regime the meson cloud effects are small, and the physics associated with the valence quarks can be better calibrated. Once the valence quark model is calibrated, we extend the model to the physical regime and use the low Q2 experimental data to estimate the meson cloud contributions for GA(Q2) and GP(Q2). Using the calibrated quark axial form factors and the generalization of the nucleon wave function for the other octet baryon members, we make predictions for all the possible weak interaction axial form factors GA(Q2) and GP(Q2) of the octet baryons. The results are compared with the corresponding experimental data for GA(0 ) and with the estimates of baryon-meson models based on S U (6 ) symmetry. 16. 48 CFR 247.372 - DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR 2013-10-01 ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false DD Form 1654, Evaluation... Transportation in Supply Contracts 247.372 DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Contracting personnel may use the DD Form 1654 to furnish information to the transportation office for development... 17. 48 CFR 247.372 - DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR 2012-10-01 ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false DD Form 1654, Evaluation... Transportation in Supply Contracts 247.372 DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Contracting personnel may use the DD Form 1654 to furnish information to the transportation office for development... 18. 48 CFR 247.372 - DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR 2011-10-01 ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false DD Form 1654, Evaluation... Transportation in Supply Contracts 247.372 DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Contracting personnel may use the DD Form 1654 to furnish information to the transportation office for development... 19. 48 CFR 247.372 - DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR 2014-10-01 ... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false DD Form 1654, Evaluation... Transportation in Supply Contracts 247.372 DD Form 1654, Evaluation of Transportation Cost Factors. Contracting personnel may use the DD Form 1654 to furnish information to the transportation office for development... 20. Off-shell electromagnetic form factors of pions and kaons in chiral perturbation theory SciTech Connect Rudy, T.E.; Fearing, H.W.; Scherer, S. ) 1994-07-01 The off-shell electromagnetic vertex of a (pseudo)scalar particle contains, in general, two form factors [ital F] and [ital G] which depend, in addition to the squared momentum transfer, on the invariant masses associated with the initial and final legs of the vertex. Chiral perturbation theory to one loop is used to calculate the off-shell form factors of pions and kaons. The formalism of Gasser and Leutwyler, which was previously used to calculate the on-shell limit of the form factor [ital F], is extended to accommodate the most general form for off-shell Green's functions in the pseudoscalar meson sector. We find that chiral symmetry predicts that the form factors [ital F] of the charged pions and kaons go off-shell in the same way, i.e., the off-shell slope at the real photon point is given by the same new phenomenological constant [beta][sub 1]. Furthermore, it is shown that at order [ital p][sup 4] the form factor [ital F] of the [ital K][sup 0] does not show any off-shell dependence. The form factors [ital G] are all related to the form factors [ital F] in the correct fashion as required by the Ward-Takahashi identity. Numerical results for different off-shell kinematics are presented. 1. A Factor Analytic Study of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory Adult Short Form. ERIC Educational Resources Information Center Haines, Janet; Wilson, George V. 1988-01-01 A factor analysis was conducted on the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory-Adult Short Form using 237 college students and 43 female office workers in Australia. Factors were found corresponding with three of the four subscales: general self, social self-peers, and home-parents (family). No factor related to the school-academic (work) subscale. (SLD) 2. An Investigation of the Factor Structure and Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the Five-Factor Model Rating Form ERIC Educational Resources Information Center Samuel, Douglas B.; Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N.; Widiger, Thomas A. 2013-01-01 The Five-Factor Model Rating Form (FFMRF) is a one-page measure designed to provide an efficient assessment of the higher order domains of the Five Factor Model (FFM) as well as the more specific, lower order facets proposed by McCrae and Costa. Although previous research has suggested that the FFMRF's assessment of the lower order facets converge… 3. On-shell diagrams, Graßmannians and integrability for form factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Frassek, Rouven; Meidinger, David; Nandan, Dhritiman; Wilhelm, Matthias 2016-01-01 We apply on-shell and integrability methods that have been developed in the context of scattering amplitudes in {N}=4 SYM theory to tree-level form factors of this theory. Focussing on the colour-ordered super form factors of the chiral part of the stress-tensor multiplet as an example, we show how to systematically construct on-shell diagrams for these form factors with the minimal form factor as further building block in addition to the three-point amplitudes. Moreover, we obtain analytic representations in terms of Graßmannian integrals in spinor helicity, twistor and momentum twistor variables. While Yangian invariance is broken by the operator insertion, we find that the form factors are eigenstates of the integrable spin-chain transfer matrix built from the monodromy matrix that yields the Yangian generators. Constructing them via the method of R operators allows to introduce deformations that preserve the integrable structure. We finally show that the integrable properties extend to minimal tree-level form factors of generic composite operators as well as certain leading singularities of their n-point loop-level form factors. 4. An experimental survey of the factors that affect leaching from low-level radioactive waste forms SciTech Connect Dougherty, D.R.; Pietrzak, R.F.; Fuhrmann, M.; Colombo, P. 1988-09-01 This report represents the results of an experimental survey of the factors that affect leaching from several types of solidified low-level radioactive waste forms. The goal of these investigations was to determine those factors that accelerate leaching without changing its mechanism(s). Typically, although not in every case,the accelerating factors include: increased temperature, increased waste loading (i.e., increased waste to binder ratio), and decreased size (i.e., decreased waste form volume to surface area ratio). Additional factors that were studied were: increased leachant volume to waste form surface area ratio, pH, leachant composition (groundwaters, natural and synthetic chelating agents), leachant flow rate or replacement frequency and waste form porosity and surface condition. Other potential factors, including the radiation environment and pressure, were omitted based on a survey of the literature. 82 refs., 236 figs., 13 tabs. 5. Can Nonrelativistic QCD Explain the γ γ*→ηc Transition Form Factor Data? NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Feng, Feng; Jia, Yu; Sang, Wen-Long 2015-11-01 Unlike the bewildering situation in the γ γ*→π form factor, a widespread view is that perturbative QCD can decently account for the recent BABAR measurement of the γ γ*→ηc transition form factor. The next-to-next-to-leading-order perturbative correction to the γ γ*→ηc ,b form factor, is investigated in the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization framework for the first time. As a byproduct, we obtain, by far, the most precise order-αs2 NRQCD matching coefficient for the ηc ,b→γ γ process. After including the substantial negative order-αs2 correction, the good agreement between NRQCD prediction and the measured γ γ*→ηc form factor is completely ruined over a wide range of momentum transfer squared. This eminent discrepancy casts some doubts on the applicability of the NRQCD approach to hard exclusive reactions involving charmonium. 6. Interaction between droplets in a ternary microemulsion evaluated by the relative form factor method SciTech Connect Nagao, Michihiro; Seto, Hideki; Yamada, Norifumi L. 2007-06-15 This paper describes the concentration dependence of the interaction between water droplets coated by a surfactant monolayer using the contrast variation small-angle neutron scattering technique. In the first part, we explain the idea of how to extract a relatively model free structure factor from the scattering data, which is called the relative form factor method. In the second part, the experimental results for the shape of the droplets (form factor) are described. In the third part the relatively model free structure factor is shown, and finally the concentration dependence of the interaction potential between droplets is discussed. The result indicates the validity of the relative form factor method, and the importance of the estimation of the model free structure factor to discuss the nature of structure formation in microemulsion systems. 7. Delta and Omega electromagnetic form factors in a Dyson-Schwinger/Bethe-Salpeter approach SciTech Connect Diana Nicmorus, Gernot Eichmann, Reinhard Alkofer 2010-12-01 We investigate the electromagnetic form factors of the Delta and the Omega baryons within the Poincare-covariant framework of Dyson-Schwinger and Bethe-Salpeter equations. The three-quark core contributions of the form factors are evaluated by employing a quark-diquark approximation. We use a consistent setup for the quark-gluon dressing, the quark-quark bound-state kernel and the quark-photon interaction. Our predictions for the multipole form factors are compatible with available experimental data and quark-model estimates. The current-quark mass evolution of the static electromagnetic properties agrees with results provided by lattice calculations. 8. Parity-Violating Electron Scattering and the Electric and Magnetic Strange Form Factors of the Nucleon SciTech Connect Armstrong, David S.; McKeown, Robert 2012-11-01 Measurement of the neutral weak vector form factors of the nucleon provides unique access to the strange quark content of the nucleon. These form factors can be studied using parity-violating electron scattering. A comprehensive program of experiments has been performed at three accelerator laboratories to determine the role of strange quarks in the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon. This article reviews the remarkable technical progress associated with this program, describes the various methods used in the different experiments, and summarizes the physics results along with recent theoretical calculations. 9. Recoil polarization measurements of the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio at high momentum transfer SciTech Connect Andrew Puckett 2009-12-01 Electromagnetic form factors are fundamental properties of the nucleon that describe the effect of its internal quark structure on the cross section and spin observables in elastic lepton-nucleon scattering. Double-polarization experiments have become the preferred technique to measure the proton and neutron electric form factors at high momentum transfers. The recently completed GEp-III experiment at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility used the recoil polarization method to extend the knowledge of the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio GpE/GpM to Q2 = 8.5 GeV2. In this paper we present the preliminary results of the experiment. 10. Modification of generalized vector form factors and transverse charge densities of the nucleon in nuclear matter NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Jung, Ju-Hyun; Yakhshiev, Ulugbek; Kim, Hyun-Chul 2016-03-01 We investigate the medium modification of the generalized vector form factors of the nucleon, which include the electromagnetic and energy-momentum tensor form factors, based on an in-medium modified π -ρ -ω soliton model. We find that the vector form factors of the nucleon in nuclear matter fall off faster than those in free space, which implies that the charge radii of the nucleon become larger in nuclear medium than in free space. We also compute the corresponding transverse charge densities of the nucleon in nuclear matter, which clearly reveal the increasing of the nucleon size in nuclear medium. 11. Measurements of the elastic electromagnetic form factor ratio {mu}pGEp/GMp via polarization transfer SciTech Connect Olivier Gayou; Oleksandr Glamazdin; Andrei Afanasev; Arunava Saha; Brendan Fox; Bogdan Wojtsekhowski; C. Chang; Cathleen Jones; Charles Glashausser; Charles Perdrisat; D. Crovelli; Daniel Simon; David Meekins; Demetrius Margaziotis; Dipangkar Dutta; Edgar Kooijman; Elaine Schulte; Edward Brash; Edward Kinney; Eugene Chudakov; Feng Xiong; Franco Garibaldi; Garth Huber; Gerfried Kumbartzki; Guido Urciuoli; Haiyan Gao; Jordan Hovdebo; James Kelly; Javier Gomez; Jens-Ole Hansen; Jian-Ping Chen; John Calarco; John LeRose; Joseph Mitchell; Juncai Gao; Konrad Aniol; Kamal Benslama; Kathy McCormick; Cornelis De Jager; Cornelis de Jager; Kevin Fissum; Krishni Wijesooriya; Louis Bimbot; Ludyvine Morand; Luminita Todor; Moskov Amarian; Marat Rvachev; Mark Jones; Martin Epstein; Meihua Liang; Michael Kuss; Nilanga Liyanage; Adam Sarty; Paul Ulmer; Pete Markowitz; Peter Bosted; R. Holt; Riad Suleiman; Richard Lindgren; Rikki Roche; Robert Michaels; Roman Pomatsalyuk; Ronald Gilman; Ronald Ransome; Stephen Becher; Scott Dumalski; Salvatore Frullani; Seonho Choi; Sergey Malov; Sonja Dieterich; Steffen Strauch; Steve Churchwell; Ting Chang; Viktor Gorbenko; Vina Punjabi; Wang Xu; Xiangdong Ji; Zein-Eddine Meziani; Zhengwei Chai 2001-09-01 We present measurements of the ratio of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors, {mu}pGEp/GMp. The Jefferson Lab Hall A Focal Plane Polarimeter was used to determine the longitudinal and transverse components of the recoil proton polarization in ep elastic scattering; the ratio of these polarization components is proportional to the ratio of the two form factors. These data reproduce the observation of Jones et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1398 (2000)], that the form factor ratio decreases significantly from unity above Q2 = 1 GeV2. 12. Pion Form Factor in Chiral Limit of Hard-Wall AdS/QCD Model SciTech Connect Anatoly Radyushkin; Hovhannes Grigoryan 2007-12-01 We develop a formalism to calculate form factor and charge density distribution of pion in the chiral limit using the holographic dual model of QCD with hard-wall cutoff. We introduce two conjugate pion wave functions and present analytic expressions for these functions and for the pion form factor. They allow to relate such observables as the pion decay constant and the pion charge electric radius to the values of chiral condensate and hard-wall cutoff scale. The evolution of the pion form factor to large values of the momentum transfer is discussed, and results are compared to existing experimental data. 13. Nucleon electromagnetic form factors on the lattice and in chiral effective field theory SciTech Connect Goeckeler, M.; Hemmert, T.R.; Horsley, R.; Pleiter, D.; Rakow, P.E.L.; Schaefer, A.; Schierholz, G. 2005-02-01 We compute the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon in quenched lattice QCD, using nonperturbatively improved Wilson fermions, and compare the results with phenomenology and chiral effective field theory. 14. Form factors in the Bullough-Dodd-related models: The Ising model in a magnetic field NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Alekseev, O. V. 2012-11-01 We consider a certain modification of the free-field representation of the form factors in the Bullough-Dodd model. The two-particle minimal form factors are eliminated from the construction. We consequently obtain a convenient representation for the multiparticle form factors, establish recurrence relations between them, and study their properties. We use the proposed construction to obtain the free-field representation of form factors for the lightest particles in the Φ 1,2 -perturbed minimal models. As an important example, we consider the Ising model in a magnetic field. We verify that the results obtained in the framework of the proposed free-field representation agree with the corresponding results obtained by solving the bootstrap equations. 15. Form factors in the Bullough-Dodd related models: The Ising model in a magnetic field NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Alekseev, O. V. 2012-04-01 A particular modification of the free-field representation of the form factors in the Bullough-Dodd model is considered. The two-particles minimal form factors are excluded from the construction. As a consequence, a convenient representation for the multiparticle form factors has been obtained, recurrence relations between them have been established, and their properties have been studied. The proposed construction is used to obtain the free-field representation of the lightest particles form factors in the Φ1, 2 perturbed minimal models. The Ising model in a magnetic field is considered as a significant example. The results obtained in the framework of the proposed free-field representation are in agreement with the corresponding results obtained by solving the bootstrap equations. 16. Comments on world-sheet form factors in AdS/CFT NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Klose, Thomas; McLoughlin, Tristan 2014-02-01 We study form factors in the light-cone gauge world-sheet theory for strings in AdS5 ×S5. We perturbatively calculate the two-particle form factor in a closed \\mathfrak {su}(2) sector to one-loop in the near-plane-wave limit and to two-loops in the Maldacena-Swanson limit. We also perturbatively solve the functional equation which follows from the form factor axioms for the world-sheet theory and show that the ‘minimal’ solution correctly reproduces the discontinuities of the perturbative calculations. Finally we propose a prescription, valid for polynomial orders of the inverse world-sheet length, for extracting the finite-volume world-sheet matrix element from the form factors and show that the two-excitation matrix element matches with the thermodynamic limit of the spin-chain description of certain tree-level N=4 SYM structure constants. 17. Nucleon form factors to next-to-leading order with light-cone sum rules SciTech Connect Passek-Kumericki, K.; Peters, G. 2008-08-01 We have calculated the leading-twist next-to-leading order (NLO), i.e., O({alpha}{sub s}), correction to the light-cone sum rules prediction for the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon. We have used the Ioffe nucleon interpolation current and worked in M{sub N}=0 approximation, with M{sub N} being the mass of the nucleon. In this approximation, only the Pauli form factor F{sub 2} receives a correction and the calculated correction is quite sizable (ca. 60%). The numerical results for the proton form factors show the improved agreement with the experimental data. We also discuss the problems encountered when going away from M{sub N}=0 approximation at NLO, as well as gauge invariance of the perturbative results. This work presents the first step towards the NLO accuracy in the light-cone sum rules for baryon form factors. 18. New Precision Limit on the Strange Vector Form Factors of the Proton NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Ahmed, Z.; Allada, K.; Aniol, K. A.; Armstrong, D. S.; Arrington, J.; Baturin, P.; Bellini, V.; Benesch, J.; Beminiwattha, R.; Benmokhtar, F.; Canan, M.; Camsonne, A.; Cates, G. D.; Chen, J.-P.; Chudakov, E.; Cisbani, E.; Dalton, M. M.; de Jager, C. W.; de Leo, R.; Deconinck, W.; Decowski, P.; Deng, X.; Deur, A.; Dutta, C.; Franklin, G. B.; Friend, M.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Giusa, A.; Glamazdin, A.; Golge, S.; Grimm, K.; Hansen, O.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Holmes, R.; Holmstrom, T.; Huang, J.; Huang, M.; Hyde, C. E.; Jen, C. M.; Jin, G.; Jones, D.; Kang, H.; King, P.; Kowalski, S.; Kumar, K. S.; Lee, J. H.; Lerose, J. J.; Liyanage, N.; Long, E.; McNulty, D.; Margaziotis, D.; Meddi, F.; Meekins, D. G.; Mercado, L.; Meziani, Z.-E.; Michaels, R.; Muñoz-Camacho, C.; Mihovilovic, M.; Muangma, N.; Myers, K. E.; Nanda, S.; Narayan, A.; Nelyubin, V.; Nuruzzaman; Oh, Y.; Pan, K.; Parno, D.; Paschke, K. D.; Phillips, S. K.; Qian, X.; Qiang, Y.; Quinn, B.; Rakhman, A.; Reimer, P. E.; Rider, K.; Riordan, S.; Roche, J.; Rubin, J.; Russo, G.; Saenboonruang, K.; Saha, A.; Sawatzky, B.; Silwal, R.; Sirca, S.; Souder, P. A.; Sperduto, M.; Subedi, R.; Suleiman, R.; Sulkosky, V.; Sutera, C. M.; Tobias, W. A.; Urciuoli, G. M.; Waidyawansa, B.; Wang, D.; Wexler, J.; Wilson, R.; Wojtsekhowski, B.; Zhan, X.; Yan, X.; Yao, H.; Ye, L.; Zhao, B.; Zheng, X. 2012-03-01 The parity-violating cross-section asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from unpolarized protons has been measured at a four-momentum transfer squared Q2=0.624GeV2 and beam energy Eb=3.48GeV to be APV=-23.80±0.78(stat)±0.36(syst) parts per million. This result is consistent with zero contribution of strange quarks to the combination of electric and magnetic form factors GEs+0.517GMs=0.003±0.010(stat)±0.004(syst)±0.009(ff), where the third error is due to the limits of precision on the electromagnetic form factors and radiative corrections. With this measurement, the world data on strange contributions to nucleon form factors are seen to be consistent with zero and not more than a few percent of the proton form factors. 19. Nucleon-to-{delta} axial transition form factors in relativistic baryon chiral perturbation theory SciTech Connect Geng, L. S.; Camalich, J. Martin; Alvarez-Ruso, L.; Vacas, M. J. Vicente 2008-07-01 We report a theoretical study of the axial nucleon-to-delta (1232) (N{yields}{delta}) transition form factors up to one-loop order in relativistic baryon chiral perturbation theory. We adopt a formalism in which the {delta} couplings obey the spin-3/2 gauge symmetry and, therefore, decouple the unphysical spin-1/2 fields. We compare the results with phenomenological form factors obtained from neutrino bubble-chamber data and in quark models. 20. Role of diquark correlations and the pion cloud in nucleon elastic form factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Cloët, Ian C.; Bentz, Wolfgang; Thomas, Anthony W. 2014-10-01 Electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon in the spacelike region are investigated within the framework of a covariant and confining Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The bound-state amplitude of the nucleon is obtained as the solution of a relativistic Faddeev equation, where diquark correlations appear naturally as a consequence of the strong coupling in the color 3¯ qq channel. Pion degrees of freedom are included as a perturbation to the "quark-core" contribution obtained using the Poincaré covariant Faddeev amplitude. While no model parameters are fit to form-factor data, excellent agreement is obtained with the empirical nucleon form factors (including the magnetic moments and radii) where pion loop corrections play a critical role for Q2≲1GeV2. Using charge symmetry, the nucleon form factors can be expressed as proton quark sector form factors. The latter are studied in detail, leading, for example, to the conclusion that the d-quark sector of the Dirac form factor is much softer than the u-quark sector, a consequence of the dominance of scalar diquark correlations in the proton wave function. On the other hand, for the proton quark sector Pauli form factors we find that the effect of the pion cloud and axial-vector diquark correlations overcomes the effect of scalar diquark dominance, leading to a larger d-quark anomalous magnetic moment and a form factor in the u-quark sector that is slightly softer than in the d-quark sector. 1. Isospin-symmetry breaking effects on the strange electric and magnetic form factors of the nucleon SciTech Connect Xia Zhengtong; Zuo Wei 2008-07-15 We examine the electric and magnetic strange form factors of the nucleon in the pseudoscalar-vector SU(3) Skyrme model, with special emphasis on the effects of isospin symmetry breaking (ISB). It is found that ISB has a nontrivial effect on the strange vector form factors of the nucleon and its contribution to the nucleon strangeness is significantly larger than one might naively expect. Our calculations and discussions may be of some significance for the experimental extraction of the authentic strangeness. 2. Interpreting the neutron's electric form factor: Rest frame charge distribution or foldy term? SciTech Connect Nathan Isgur 1998-12-01 The neutron's electric form factor contains vital information on nucleon structure, but its interpretation within many models has been obscured by relativistic effects. The author demonstrates that, to leading order in the relativistic expansion of a constituent quark model, the Foldy term cancels exactly against a contribution to the Dirac form factor F{sub 1} to leave intact the naive interpretation of G{sup n}{sub E} as arising from the neutron's rest frame charge distribution. 3. Proton electromagnetic form factors: present status and future perspectives at PANDA NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Tomasi-Gustafsson, E. 2015-05-01 Data and models on electromagnetic proton form factors are reviewed, highlighting the contribution foreseen by the PANDA collaboration. Electromagnetic hadron form factors contain essential information on the internal structure of hadrons. Precise and surprising data have been obtained at electron accelerators, applying the polarization method in electron-proton elastic scattering. At electron-positron colliders, using initial state radiation, BABAR measured proton time-like form factors in a wide time-like kinematical region and the BESIII collaboration will measure very precisely proton and neutron form factors in the threshold region. In the next future an antiproton beam with momentum up to 15 GeV/c will be available at FAIR (Darmstadt). Measurements of the reaction p̅ + p → e+ + e- by the PANDA collaboration will contribute to the individual determination of electric and magnetic form factors in the time-like region of momentum transfer squared, as well as to their first determination in the unphysical region (below the kinematical threshold), through the reaction p̅ + p → e+ + e- + π0. From the discussion on feasibility studies at PANDA, we focus on the consequences of such measurements in view of an unified description of form factors in the full kinematical region. We present models which have the necessary analytical requirements and apply to the data in the whole kinematical region. 4. $$B\\to Kl^+l^-$$ decay form factors from three-flavor lattice QCD DOE PAGESBeta Bailey, Jon A. 2016-01-27 We compute the form factors for the B → Kl+l- semileptonic decay process in lattice QCD using gauge-field ensembles with 2+1 flavors of sea quark, generated by the MILC Collaboration. The ensembles span lattice spacings from 0.12 to 0.045 fm and have multiple sea-quark masses to help control the chiral extrapolation. The asqtad improved staggered action is used for the light valence and sea quarks, and the clover action with the Fermilab interpretation is used for the heavy b quark. We present results for the form factors f+(q2), f0(q2), and fT(q2), where q2 is the momentum transfer, together with a comprehensivemore » examination of systematic errors. Lattice QCD determines the form factors for a limited range of q2, and we use the model-independent z expansion to cover the whole kinematically allowed range. We present our final form-factor results as coefficients of the z expansion and the correlations between them, where the errors on the coefficients include statistical and all systematic uncertainties. Lastly, we use this complete description of the form factors to test QCD predictions of the form factors at high and low q2.« less 5. Effects of core deformations and collective rotational currents on electron-nucleus magnetic form factors SciTech Connect Lin, C.K. 1983-01-01 The collective model H/sub int/ + H/sub coll/ is used to study the magnetic form factors. For the intrinsic Hamiltonian, we use the Nilsson model to generate the intrinsic state. For the collective Hamiltonian, two models are considered, the rigid body model and the liquid soap model. We use the particle-rotor model to derive the collective operators and their reduced matrix elements, and then apply this model to the elastic M1 form factor of /sup 13/C. One sees clearly the interplay of the intrinsic form factor and the collective form factor. Since the form factor is essentially a Fourier transform of the current density operator, one also sees the effects of the collective current density distribution due to all the particles in addition to that of the intrinsic current due to the unpaired nucleons. The effects of core deformation are explored. This includes discussions on the difference between the variation before projection and the variation after projection. Analytic results are obtained in the case of weak deformations. The collective model focuses on the effects of the quadrupole deformation on the M1 form factor of /sup 13/C, whereas the calculation involving core polarization stresses the monopole effects. By introducing a quenching of the isovector g/sub s/, the fits by the collective models are very comparable to the fit by the core polarization, although the justification for this procedure in light nuclei is questionable. 6. B →K l+l- decay form factors from three-flavor lattice QCD NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bailey, Jon A.; Bazavov, A.; Bernard, C.; Bouchard, C. M.; DeTar, C.; Du, Daping; El-Khadra, A. X.; Foley, J.; Freeland, E. D.; Gámiz, E.; Gottlieb, Steven; Heller, U. M.; Jain, R. D.; Komijani, J.; Kronfeld, A. S.; Laiho, J.; Levkova, L.; Liu, Yuzhi; Mackenzie, P. B.; Meurice, Y.; Neil, E. T.; Qiu, Si-Wei; Simone, J. N.; Sugar, R.; Toussaint, D.; Van de Water, R. S.; Zhou, Ran; Fermilab Lattice; MILC Collaborations 2016-01-01 We compute the form factors for the B →K l+l- semileptonic decay process in lattice QCD using gauge-field ensembles with 2 +1 flavors of sea quark, generated by the MILC Collaboration. The ensembles span lattice spacings from 0.12 to 0.045 fm and have multiple sea-quark masses to help control the chiral extrapolation. The asqtad improved staggered action is used for the light valence and sea quarks, and the clover action with the Fermilab interpretation is used for the heavy b quark. We present results for the form factors f+(q2), f0(q2), and fT(q2), where q2 is the momentum transfer, together with a comprehensive examination of systematic errors. Lattice QCD determines the form factors for a limited range of q2, and we use the model-independent z expansion to cover the whole kinematically allowed range. We present our final form-factor results as coefficients of the z expansion and the correlations between them, where the errors on the coefficients include statistical and all systematic uncertainties. We use this complete description of the form factors to test QCD predictions of the form factors at high and low q2. 7. Charged pion form factor betweenQ^2$=0.60 and 2.45 GeV$^2$. II. Determination of, and results for, the pion form factor SciTech Connect Huber, Garth; Blok, Henk; Horn, Tanja; Beise, Elizabeth; Gaskell, David; Mack, David; Tadevosyan, Vardan; Volmer, Jochen; Abbott, David; Aniol, Konrad; Anklin, Heinz; Armstrong, Christopher; Arrington, John; Assamagan, Ketevi; Avery, Steven; Baker, O.; Barrett, Robert; Bochna, Christopher; Boeglin, Werner; Brash, Edward; Breuer, Herbert; Chang, C.; Chang, C.C.; Chant, Nicholas; Christy, Michael; Dunne, James; Eden, Thomas; Ent, Rolf; Fenker, Benjamin; Gibson, Edward; Gilman, Ronald; Gustafsson, Kenneth; Hinton, Wendy; Holt, Roy; Jackson, Harold; uk Jin, Seong; Jones, Mark; Keppel, Cynthia; Kim, pyunghun; Kim, Wooyoung; King, Paul; Klein, Andreas; Koltenuk, Douglas; Kovaltchouk, Vitali; Liang, Meihua; Liu, Jinghua; Lolos, George; Lung, Allison; Margaziotis, Demetrius; Markowitz, Pete; Matsumura, Akihiko; McKee, David; Meekins, David; Mitchell, Joseph; Miyoshi, Toshinobu; Mkrtchyan, Hamlet; Mueller, Robert; Niculescu, Gabriel; Niculescu, Maria-Ioana; Okayasu, Yuichi; Pentchev, Lubomir; Perdrisat, Charles; Pitz, David; Potterveld, David; Punjabi, Vina; Qin, Liming; Reimer, Paul; Reinhold, Joerg; Roche, Julie; Roos, Philip; Sarty, Adam; Shin, Ilkyoung; Smith, Gregory; Stepanyan, Stepan; Tang, Liguang; Tvaskis, Vladas; van der Meer, Rob; Vansyoc, Kelley; Van Westrum, Derek; Vidakovic, Sandra; Vulcan, William; Warren, Glen; Wood, Stephen; Xu, Chen; Yan, Chen; Zhao, Wenxia; Zheng, Xiaochao; Zihlmann, Benedikt 2008-10-01 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.78.045203 The charged pion form factor, Fpi(Q2), is an important quantity that can be used to advance our knowledge of hadronic structure. However, the extraction of Fpi from data requires a model of the 1H(e,e'pi+)n reaction and thus is inherently model dependent. Therefore, a detailed description of the extraction of the charged pion form factor from electroproduction data obtained recently at Jefferson Lab is presented, with particular focus given to the dominant uncertainties in this procedure. Results for Fpi are presented for Q2=0.60-2.45 GeV2. Above Q2=1.5 GeV2, the Fpi values are systematically below the monopole parametrization that describes the low Q2 data used to determine the pion charge radius. The pion form factor can be calculated in a wide variety of theoretical approaches, and the experimental results are compared to a number of calculations. This comparison is helpful in understanding the role of soft versus hard c 8. Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Young Schema Questionnaire (Short Form) in Chinese Undergraduate Students ERIC Educational Resources Information Center Cui, Lixia; Lin, Wenwen; Oei, Tian P. S. 2011-01-01 This study investigated cross-cultural differences in the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Young Schema Questionnaire (short form; YSQ-SF). The participants were 712 Chinese undergraduate students. The total sample was randomly divided into two sub-samples. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted on questionnaire results… 9. Forms, Factors and Consequences of Cheating in University Examinations: Insight from Open and Distance Learning Students ERIC Educational Resources Information Center Mokula, Lebeloane Lazarus Donald; Lovemore, Nyaumwe 2014-01-01 The present study narrated the forms, factors and consequences of cheating in university examinations by UNISA Open and Distance learning students from anecdotal data. The results showed that the perpetrators mostly used crib materials on paper, ruler and calculator cover. The factors that influenced examination cheating were gender, age range and… 10. Planck 2013 results. XIX. The integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Planck Collaboration; Ade, P. A. R.; Aghanim, N.; Armitage-Caplan, C.; Arnaud, M.; Ashdown, M.; Atrio-Barandela, F.; Aumont, J.; Baccigalupi, C.; Banday, A. J.; Barreiro, R. B.; Bartlett, J. G.; Bartolo, N.; Battaner, E.; Benabed, K.; Benoît, A.; Benoit-Lévy, A.; Bernard, J.-P.; Bersanelli, M.; Bielewicz, P.; Bobin, J.; Bock, J. J.; Bonaldi, A.; Bonavera, L.; Bond, J. R.; Borrill, J.; Bouchet, F. R.; Bridges, M.; Bucher, M.; Burigana, C.; Butler, R. C.; Cardoso, J.-F.; Catalano, A.; Challinor, A.; Chamballu, A.; Chiang, H. C.; Chiang, L.-Y.; Christensen, P. R.; Church, S.; Clements, D. L.; Colombi, S.; Colombo, L. P. L.; Couchot, F.; Coulais, A.; Crill, B. P.; Curto, A.; Cuttaia, F.; Danese, L.; Davies, R. D.; Davis, R. J.; de Bernardis, P.; de Rosa, A.; de Zotti, G.; Delabrouille, J.; Delouis, J.-M.; Désert, F.-X.; Dickinson, C.; Diego, J. M.; Dolag, K.; Dole, H.; Donzelli, S.; Doré, O.; Douspis, M.; Dupac, X.; Efstathiou, G.; Enßlin, T. A.; Eriksen, H. K.; Fergusson, J.; Finelli, F.; Forni, O.; Fosalba, P.; Frailis, M.; Franceschi, E.; Frommert, M.; Galeotta, S.; Ganga, K.; Génova-Santos, R. T.; Giard, M.; Giardino, G.; Giraud-Héraud, Y.; González-Nuevo, J.; Górski, K. M.; Gratton, S.; Gregorio, A.; Gruppuso, A.; Hansen, F. K.; Hanson, D.; Harrison, D.; Henrot-Versillé, S.; Hernández-Monteagudo, C.; Herranz, D.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Hivon, E.; Ho, S.; Hobson, M.; Holmes, W. A.; Hornstrup, A.; Hovest, W.; Huffenberger, K. M.; Ilić, S.; Jaffe, A. H.; Jaffe, T. R.; Jasche, J.; Jones, W. C.; Juvela, M.; Keihänen, E.; Keskitalo, R.; Kisner, T. S.; Knoche, J.; Knox, L.; Kunz, M.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Lagache, G.; Lähteenmäki, A.; Lamarre, J.-M.; Langer, M.; Lasenby, A.; Laureijs, R. J.; Lawrence, C. R.; Leahy, J. P.; Leonardi, R.; Lesgourgues, J.; Liguori, M.; Lilje, P. B.; Linden-Vørnle, M.; López-Caniego, M.; Lubin, P. M.; Macías-Pérez, J. F.; Maffei, B.; Maino, D.; Mandolesi, N.; Mangilli, A.; Marcos-Caballero, A.; Maris, M.; Marshall, D. J.; Martin, P. G.; Martínez-González, E.; Masi, S.; Massardi, M.; Matarrese, S.; Matthai, F.; Mazzotta, P.; Meinhold, P. R.; Melchiorri, A.; Mendes, L.; Mennella, A.; Migliaccio, M.; Mitra, S.; Miville-Deschênes, M.-A.; Moneti, A.; Montier, L.; Morgante, G.; Mortlock, D.; Moss, A.; Munshi, D.; Naselsky, P.; Nati, F.; Natoli, P.; Netterfield, C. B.; Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U.; Noviello, F.; Novikov, D.; Novikov, I.; Osborne, S.; Oxborrow, C. A.; Paci, F.; Pagano, L.; Pajot, F.; Paoletti, D.; Partridge, B.; Pasian, F.; Patanchon, G.; Perdereau, O.; Perotto, L.; Perrotta, F.; Piacentini, F.; Piat, M.; Pierpaoli, E.; Pietrobon, D.; Plaszczynski, S.; Pointecouteau, E.; Polenta, G.; Ponthieu, N.; Popa, L.; Poutanen, T.; Pratt, G. W.; Prézeau, G.; Prunet, S.; Puget, J.-L.; Rachen, J. P.; Racine, B.; Rebolo, R.; Reinecke, M.; Remazeilles, M.; Renault, C.; Renzi, A.; Ricciardi, S.; Riller, T.; Ristorcelli, I.; Rocha, G.; Rosset, C.; Roudier, G.; Rowan-Robinson, M.; Rubiño-Martín, J. A.; Rusholme, B.; Sandri, M.; Santos, D.; Savini, G.; Schaefer, B. M.; Schiavon, F.; Scott, D.; Seiffert, M. D.; Shellard, E. P. S.; Spencer, L. D.; Starck, J.-L.; Stolyarov, V.; Stompor, R.; Sudiwala, R.; Sunyaev, R.; Sureau, F.; Sutter, P.; Sutton, D.; Suur-Uski, A.-S.; Sygnet, J.-F.; Tauber, J. A.; Tavagnacco, D.; Terenzi, L.; Toffolatti, L.; Tomasi, M.; Tristram, M.; Tucci, M.; Tuovinen, J.; Umana, G.; Valenziano, L.; Valiviita, J.; Van Tent, B.; Varis, J.; Viel, M.; Vielva, P.; Villa, F.; Vittorio, N.; Wade, L. A.; Wandelt, B. D.; White, M.; Xia, J.-Q.; Yvon, D.; Zacchei, A.; Zonca, A. 2014-11-01 Based on cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps from the 2013 Planck Mission data release, this paper presents the detection of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect, that is, the correlation between the CMB and large-scale evolving gravitational potentials. The significance of detection ranges from 2 to 4σ, depending on which method is used. We investigated three separate approaches, which essentially cover all previous studies, and also break new ground. (i) We correlated the CMB with the Planck reconstructed gravitational lensing potential (for the first time). This detection was made using the lensing-induced bispectrum between the low-ℓ and high-ℓ temperature anisotropies; the correlation between lensing and the ISW effect has a significance close to 2.5σ. (ii) We cross-correlated with tracers of large-scale structure, which yielded a significance of about 3σ, based on a combination of radio (NVSS) and optical (SDSS) data. (iii) We used aperture photometry on stacked CMB fields at the locations of known large-scale structures, which yielded and confirms a 4σ signal, over a broader spectral range, when using a previously explored catalogue, but shows strong discrepancies in amplitude and scale when compared with expectations. More recent catalogues give more moderate results that range from negligible to 2.5σ at most, but have a more consistent scale and amplitude, the latter being still slightly higher than what is expected from numerical simulations within ΛCMD. Where they can be compared, these measurements are compatible with previous work using data from WMAP, where these scales have been mapped to the limits of cosmic variance. Planck's broader frequency coverage allows for better foreground cleaning and confirms that the signal is achromatic, which makes it preferable for ISW detection. As a final step we used tracers of large-scale structure to filter the CMB data, from which we present maps of the ISW temperature perturbation. These results 11. One-pion exchange current effects on magnetic form factor in the relativistic formalism NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Zhang, Cun; Liu, Jian; Ren, Zhongzhou 2016-08-01 One-pion exchange current effects on the magnetic form factors of some odd nuclei are studied in the relativistic formalism. The Dirac wave functions of nucleons are calculated from the relativistic mean-field theory. After fitting to experimental data by quenching factors, it is found that taking the one-pion exchange currents into account gives a better description of the magnetic form factor. The root-mean-square radii of the valance nucleon orbits are also calculated in RMF model, which coincide with experimental radii extracted with meson exchange current corrections. 12. Form factor effects in the direct detection of isospin-violating dark matter SciTech Connect Zheng, Hao; Zhang, Zhen; Chen, Lie-Wen E-mail: malkuth@sjtu.edu.cn 2014-08-01 Isospin-violating dark matter (IVDM) provides a possible mechanism to ameliorate the tension among recent direct detection experiments. For IVDM, we demonstrate that the results of direct detection experiments based on neutron-rich target nuclei may depend strongly on the density dependence of the symmetry energy which is presently largely unknown and controls the neutron skin thickness that reflects the relative difference of neutron and proton form factors in the neutron-rich nuclei. In particular, using the neutron and proton form factors obtained from Skyrme-Hartree-Fock calculations by varying the symmetry energy within the uncertainty region set by the latest model-independent measurement of the neutron skin thickness of {sup 208}Pb from PREX experiment at JLab, we find that, for IVDM with neutron-to-proton coupling ratio fixed to f{sub n}/f{sub p}=-0.7, the form factor effect may enhance the sensitivity of Xe-based detectors (e.g., XENON100 and LUX) to the DM-proton cross section by a factor of 3 in the DM mass region constrained by CMDS-II(Si) and even by more than an order of magnitude for heavy DM with mass larger than 80 GeV, compared with the results using the empirical Helm form factor. Our results further indicate that the form factor effect can significantly modify the recoil spectrum of Xe-based detectors for heavy IVDM with f{sub n}/f{sub p}=-0.7. 13. B to tensor meson form factors in the perturbative QCD approach SciTech Connect Wang Wei 2011-01-01 We calculate the B{sub u,d,s}{yields}T form factors within the framework of the perturbative QCD approach, where T denotes a light tensor meson with J{sup P}=2{sup +}. Because of the similarities between the wave functions of a vector and a tensor meson, the factorization formulas of B{yields}T form factors can be obtained from the B{yields}V transition through a replacement rule. As a consequence, we find that these two sets of form factors have the same signs and correlated q{sup 2}-dependence behaviors. At q{sup 2}=0 point, the B{yields}T form factors are smaller than the B{yields}V ones, in accordance with the experimental data of radiative B decays. In addition, we use our results for the form factors to explore semilteptonic B{yields}Tl{nu}{sub l} decays and the branching fractions can reach the order 10{sup -4}. 14. Late-onset Tay-Sachs disease: adverse effects of medications and implications for treatment. PubMed Shapiro, B E; Hatters-Friedman, S; Fernandes-Filho, J A; Anthony, K; Natowicz, M R 2006-09-12 The authors conducted a retrospective and brief prospective study of adverse effects of approximately 350 medications in 44 adults with late-onset Tay-Sachs disease (LOTS). Some medications were relatively safe, whereas others, particularly haloperidol, risperidone, and chlorpromazine, were associated with neurologic worsening. PMID:16966555 15. Tay-Sachs disease: high gene frequency in a non-Jewish population. PubMed Kelly, T E; Chase, G A; Kaback, M M; Kumor, K; McKusick, V A 1975-05-01 A non-Amish "Pennsylvania Dutch" semi-isolate was found to have a high frequency of Tay-Sachs gene. This high frequency could be ascribed to founder effect and may represent, in microcosm, how this mechanism could have produced the high gene frequency among Ashkenazi Jews. PMID:803011 16. A pseudodeficiency allele common in non-Jewish Tay-Sachs carriers: Implications for carrier screening SciTech Connect Triggs-Raine, B.L.; Akerman, B.R.; Gravel, R.A. ); Mules, E.H.; Thomas, G.H.; Dowling, C.E. ); Kaback, M.M.; Lim-Steele, J.S.T. ); Natowicz, M.R. ); Grebner, E.E. ); Navon, R.R. ); Welch, J.P. ); Greenberg, C.R. ) 1992-10-01 Deficiency of [beta]-hexosaminidase A (Hex A) activity typically results in Tay-Sachs disease. However, healthy subjects found to be deficient in Hex A activity (i.e., pseudodeficient) by means of in vitro biochemical tests have been described. The authors analyzed the HEXA gene of one pseudodeficient subject and identified both a C[sub 739]-to-T substitution that changes Arg[sub 247][yields]Trp on one allele and a previously identified Tay-Sachs disease mutation of the second allele. Six additional pseudodeficient subjects were found to have the C[sub 739]-to-T but for none of 36 Jewish enzyme-defined carries who did not have one of three known mutations common to this group. The C[sub 739]-to-T allele, together with a [open quotes]true[close quotes] Tay-Sachs disease allele, causes Hex A pseudodeficiency. Given both the large proportion of non-Jewish carriers with this allele and that standard biochemical screening cannot differentiate between heterozygotes for the C[sub 739]-to-T mutations and Tay-Sachs disease carriers, DNA testing for this mutation in at-risk couples is essential. This could prevent unnecessary or incorrect prenatal diagnoses. 40 refs., 3 figs., 4 tabs. 17. Regularization of multi-soliton form factors in sine-Gordon model NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Pálmai, T. 2012-08-01 A general and systematic regularization is developed for the exact solitonic form factors of exponential operators in the (1+1)-dimensional sine-Gordon model by analytical continuation of their integral representations. The procedure is implemented in Mathematica. Test results are shown for four- and six-soliton form factors. Catalogue identifier: AEMG_v1_0 Program summary URL:http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/AEMG_v1_0.html Program obtainable from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University, Belfast, N. Ireland Licensing provisions: Standard CPC licence, http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/licence/licence.html No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 1462 No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 15 488 Distribution format: tar.gz Programming language: Mathematica [1] Computer: PC Operating system: Cross-platform Classification: 7.7, 11.1, 23 Nature of problem: The multi-soliton form factors of the sine-Gordon model (relevant in two-dimensional physics) were given only by highly non-trivial integral representation with a limited domain of convergence. Practical applications of the form factors, e.g. calculation of correlation functions in two-dimensional condensed matter systems, were not possible in general. Solution method: Using analytic continuation techniques an efficient algorithm is found and implemented in Mathematica, which provides a general and systematic way to calculate multi-soliton form factors in the sine-Gordon model. The package contains routines to compute the two-, four- and six-soliton form factors. Running time: Strongly dependent on the desired accuracy and the number of solitons. For physical rapidities after an initialization of about 30 s, the calculation of the two-, four- and six-soliton form factors at a single point takes approximately 0.5 s, 2.5 s and 8 s, respectively. Wolfram Research, Inc., Mathematica Edition: Version 7.0, Wolfram Research, Inc., Champaign, Illinois, 2008. 18. Transient HEXA expression in a transformed human fetal Tay-Sachs disease neuroglial cell line SciTech Connect Fernandes, M.J.; Hechtman, P.; Kaplan, F. 1994-09-01 Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of GM{sub 2} ganglioside in the neurons of the central cortex. The recessively inherited disorder results from deficiency of hexosaminidase A (Hex A), a heterodimer of an {alpha} and {beta} subunit encoded by the HEXA and HEXB genes. Expression of HEXA mutations in COS cells has several disadvantages including high endogenous hexosaminidase activity. We report a new transient expression system with very low endogenous Hex A activity. An SV40-transformed fetal TSD neuroglial cell line was assessed for transient expression of the HEXA gene. pCMV{alpha}, a vector incorporating the cytomegalovirus promoter with the human {alpha}-subunit cDNA insert, proved to be the most efficient expression vector. Transfection of 4x10{sup 6} cells with 5-20 {mu}g of plasmid resulted in 100 to 500-fold Hex A activity (4MUGS hydrolysis) relative to mock-transfected cells. Use of pCMV{beta}-Gal as a control for transfection efficiency indicated that 10-20% of cells were transfected. Hex A specific activity increased for at least 72 h post-transfection. This new transient expression system should greatly improve the characterization of mutations in which low levels of HEXA expression result in milder clinical phenotypes and permit studies on enzymatic properties of mutant forms of Hex A. Since the cells used are of CNS origin and synthesize gangliosides, it should also be possible to study, in culture, the metabolic phenotype associated with TSD. 19. Charge density distributions and charge form factors of the N=82 and N=126 isotonic nuclei SciTech Connect Wang Zaijun; Fan Ying; Ren Zhongzhou 2006-01-15 Charge form factors for N=82 and N=126 isotonic nuclei are calculated with the relativistic eikonal approximation, in which the charge density distributions are from the relativistic mean-field theory. The variations of charge form factors with proton number are discussed in detail. It is found that the most sensitive parts of the charge form factors are those around the minimums and maximums. For an increasing proton number, the charge form factors near the extrema have an upward shift. As the protons increase and occupy a new shell, the minimums and maximums of the charge form factors could also have a significant inward shift. The results can be useful for the study of behaviors of valence-proton wave functions for such nuclei as can be considered as a core plus proton(s), and thus the proton-halo phenomenon. In addition, the results can also be useful for future electron-unstable nucleus scattering experiments and provide tests of the reliability of the relativistic mean-field theory for the unstable nuclei. 20. Factor structure of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire short form for restaurant employees. PubMed Hancer, Mura; George, R Thomas 2004-02-01 The factor structure of the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire short form for nonsupervisory restaurant employees was explored in questions among 2000 employees of three full-service restaurant chains operating in midwestern United States. A total of 2000 surveys were distributed to hourly employees of the three chains. From the mailing, 924 surveys were returned and found useable, a 46.2% response rate. Principal factors analysis identified a four-factor structure for the employees, in contrast to the original two-factor structure, but as in other studies the structure was multifactorial. PMID:15077790 1. Flux line lattice form factor and paramagnetic effects in type II superconductors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Ichioka, Masanori; Machida, Kazushige 2009-03-01 Based on the quasiclassical Eilenberger theory, we investigate the vortex structure in type II superconductors with strong Pauli-paramagnetic contributions due to the Zeeman effect. We quantitatively study how the paramagnetic effect suppresses the superconductivity, and evaluate the flux line lattice (FLL) form factor from the calculated internal field distribution both in the s-wave and d-wave pairings. When the paramagnetic effects are strong, the intensity of the FLL form factor increases toward Hc2 as a function of an applied field, instead of exponential decay. This anomalous field dependence is due to the induced paramagnetic moments around the vortex core. We discuss the anomalous field-dependence of the FLL form factor observed by the small angle neutron scattering in CeCoIn5. 2. Kaon semileptonic decay (Kl3) form factors from the instanton vacuum NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Nam, Seung-Il; Kim, Hyun-Chul 2007-05-01 We investigate the kaon semileptonic decay (Kl3) form factors within the framework of the nonlocal chiral quark model (χQM) from the instanton vacuum, taking into account the effects of flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking. We also consider the problem of gauge invariance arising from the momentum-dependent quark mass in the present work. All theoretical calculations are carried out without any adjustable parameter, the average instanton size (ρ˜1/3fm) and the interinstanton distance (R˜1fm) having been fixed. We also show that the present results satisfy the Callan-Treiman low-energy theorem as well as the Ademollo-Gatto theorem. Using the Kl3 form factors, we evaluate relevant physical quantities. It turns out that the effects of flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking are essential in reproducing the kaon semileptonic form factors. The present results are in good agreement with experiments, and are compatible with other model calculations. 3. Electromagnetic form factors of the {Omega}{sup -} in lattice QCD SciTech Connect Alexandrou, C.; Korzec, T.; Koutsou, G.; Negele, J. W.; Proestos, Y. 2010-08-01 We present results on the omega baryon ({Omega}{sup -}) electromagnetic form factors using N{sub f}=2+1 domain-wall fermion configurations for three pion masses in the range of about 350 to 300 MeV. We compare results obtained using domain-wall fermions with those of a mixed-action (hybrid) approach, which combines domain-wall valence quarks on staggered sea quarks, for a pion mass of about 350 MeV. We pay particular attention in the evaluation of the subdominant electric quadrupole form factor to sufficient accuracy to exclude a zero value, by constructing a sequential source that isolates it from the dominant form factors. The {Omega}{sup -} magnetic moment, {mu}{sub {Omega}}{sup -}, and the electric charge and magnetic radius, , are extracted for these pion masses. The electric quadrupole moment is determined for the first time using dynamical quarks. 4. Structure of the GTP Form of Elongation Factor 4 (EF4) Bound to the Ribosome. PubMed Kumar, Veerendra; Ero, Rya; Ahmed, Tofayel; Goh, Kwok Jian; Zhan, Yin; Bhushan, Shashi; Gao, Yong-Gui 2016-06-17 Elongation factor 4 (EF4) is a member of the family of ribosome-dependent translational GTPase factors, along with elongation factor G and BPI-inducible protein A. Although EF4 is highly conserved in bacterial, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genomes, its exact biological function remains controversial. Here we present the cryo-EM reconstitution of the GTP form of EF4 bound to the ribosome with P and E site tRNAs at 3.8-Å resolution. Interestingly, our structure reveals an unrotated ribosome rather than a clockwise-rotated ribosome, as observed in the presence of EF4-GDP and P site tRNA. In addition, we also observed a counterclockwise-rotated form of the above complex at 5.7-Å resolution. Taken together, our results shed light on the interactions formed between EF4, the ribosome, and the P site tRNA and illuminate the GTPase activation mechanism at previously unresolved detail. PMID:27137929 5. High Precision Measurement of the Proton Elastic Form Factor Ratio at Low Q2 SciTech Connect Xiaohui Zhan 2009-12-01 A high precision measurement of the proton elastic form factor ratio µpGEp/GMp in the range Q2 = 0.3–0.7 GeV2/c2 was performed using recoil polarimetry in Jefferson Lab Hall A. In this low Q2 range, previous data from LEDEX [5] along with many fits and calculations [2, 3, 4] indicate substantial deviations of the ratio from unity. In this new measurement, with 80% polarized electron beam for 24 days, we are able to achieve <1% statistical uncertainty. Preliminary results are a few percent lower than expected from previous world data and fits, indicating a smaller GEp at this region. Beyond the intrinsic interest in nucleon structure, the improved form factor measurements also have implications for DVCS, determinations of the proton Zemach radius and strangeness form factors through parity violation experiments. 6. High-precision determination of the electric and magnetic form factors of the proton. PubMed Bernauer, J C; Achenbach, P; Ayerbe Gayoso, C; Böhm, R; Bosnar, D; Debenjak, L; Distler, M O; Doria, L; Esser, A; Fonvieille, H; Friedrich, J M; Friedrich, J; Gómez Rodríguez de la Paz, M; Makek, M; Merkel, H; Middleton, D G; Müller, U; Nungesser, L; Pochodzalla, J; Potokar, M; Sánchez Majos, S; Schlimme, B S; Sirca, S; Walcher, Th; Weinriefer, M 2010-12-10 New precise results of a measurement of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section performed at the Mainz Microtron MAMI are presented. About 1400 cross sections were measured with negative four-momentum transfers squared up to Q² = 1 (GeV/c)² with statistical errors below 0.2%. The electric and magnetic form factors of the proton were extracted by fits of a large variety of form factor models directly to the cross sections. The form factors show some features at the scale of the pion cloud. The charge and magnetic radii are determined to be ½ = 0.879(5)stat(4)syst(2)model(4)group fm and ½ = 0.777(13)stat(9)syst(5)model(2)group fm. PMID:21231520 7. High-Precision Determination of the Electric and Magnetic Form Factors of the Proton SciTech Connect Bernauer, J. C.; Achenbach, P.; Ayerbe Gayoso, C.; Boehm, R.; Distler, M. O.; Doria, L.; Esser, A.; Friedrich, J.; Gomez Rodriguez de la Paz, M.; Merkel, H.; Middleton, D. G.; Mueller, U.; Nungesser, L.; Pochodzalla, J.; Sanchez Majos, S.; Schlimme, B. S.; Walcher, Th.; Weinriefer, M.; Bosnar, D.; Makek, M. 2010-12-10 New precise results of a measurement of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section performed at the Mainz Microtron MAMI are presented. About 1400 cross sections were measured with negative four-momentum transfers squared up to Q{sup 2}=1 (GeV/c){sup 2} with statistical errors below 0.2%. The electric and magnetic form factors of the proton were extracted by fits of a large variety of form factor models directly to the cross sections. The form factors show some features at the scale of the pion cloud. The charge and magnetic radii are determined to be {sup 1/2}=0.879(5){sub stat}(4){sub syst}(2){sub model}(4){sub group} fm and {sup 1/2}=0.777(13){sub stat}(9){sub syst}(5){sub model}(2){sub group} fm. 8. The Neutron Magnetic Form Factor at High Q{sup 2}: Experimental Status, Future Measurements SciTech Connect Will Brooks 2002-05-01 Recent progress in improving our knowledge of the four nucleon form factors G{sup p}{sub M}, G{sup p}{sub E}, G{sup n}{sub M}, G{sup n}{sub E} at high momentum transfer is stimulating a new wave of theoretical efforts to describe these fundamental quantities. Both model calculations and lattice QCD can predict the elastic form factors; a definitive, stringent test of these efforts is to predict all of them simultaneously. However, the limited range and quality of the data for the neutron magnetic form factor G{sup n}{sub M} presently reduce the discriminating power of such a test. The present status of our knowledge of G{sup n}{sub M} is discussed, and prospects for future improvements are presented. 9.$D$semileptonic form factors and$|V_{cs(d)}|$from 2+1 flavor lattice QCD SciTech Connect Bailey, Jon A.; Bazavov, A.; El-Khadra, A.X.; Gottlieb, Steven; Jain, R.D.; Kronfeld, A.S.; Van de Water, R.S.; Zhou, R. 2011-11-01 The measured partial widths of the semileptonic decays D {yields} K{ell}{nu} and D {yields} {pi}{ell}{nu} can be combined with the form factors calculated on the lattice to extract the CKM matrix elements |V{sub cs}| and |V{sub cd}|. The lattice calculations can be checked by comparing the form factor shapes from the lattice and experiment. We have generated a sizable data set by using heavy clover quarks with the Fermilab interpretation for charm and asqtad staggered light quarks on 2+1 flavor MILC ensembles with lattice spacings of approximately 0.12, 0.09, 0.06, and 0.045 fm. Preliminary fits to staggered chiral perturbation theory suggest that we can reduce the uncertainties in the form factors at q{sup 2} = 0 to below 5%. 10. Nuclear physics in soft-wall AdS/QCD: Deuteron electromagnetic form factors NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Gutsche, Thomas; Lyubovitskij, Valery E.; Schmidt, Ivan; Vega, Alfredo 2015-06-01 We present a high-quality description of the deuteron electromagnetic form factors in a soft-wall anti-de Sitter/quantum chromodynamics approach. We first propose an effective action describing the dynamics of the deuteron in the presence of an external vector field. Based on this action the deuteron electromagnetic form factors are calculated, displaying the correct 1 /Q10 power scaling for large Q2 values. This finding is consistent with quark counting rules and the earlier observation that this result holds in confining gauge/gravity duals. The Q2 dependence of the deuteron form factors is defined by a single and universal scale parameter κ , which is fixed from data. 11. Research on design method of the full form ship with minimum thrust deduction factor NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Zhang, Bao-ji; Miao, Ai-qin; Zhang, Zhu-xin 2015-04-01 In the preliminary design stage of the full form ships, in order to obtain a hull form with low resistance and maximum propulsion efficiency, an optimization design program for a full form ship with the minimum thrust deduction factor has been developed, which combined the potential flow theory and boundary layer theory with the optimization technique. In the optimization process, the Sequential Unconstrained Minimization Technique (SUMT) interior point method of Nonlinear Programming (NLP) was proposed with the minimum thrust deduction factor as the objective function. An appropriate displacement is a basic constraint condition, and the boundary layer separation is an additional one. The parameters of the hull form modification function are used as design variables. At last, the numerical optimization example for lines of after-body of 50000 DWT product oil tanker was provided, which indicated that the propulsion efficiency was improved distinctly by this optimal design method. 12. Constraints on the ωπ form factor from analyticity and unitarity NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Ananthanarayan, B.; Caprini, Irinel; Kubis, Bastian 2016-05-01 Form factors are important low-energy quantities and an accurate knowledge of these sheds light on the strong interactions. A variety of methods based on general principles have been developed to use information known in different energy regimes to constrain them in regions where experimental information needs to be tested precisely. Here we review our recent work on the electromagnetic ωπ form factor in a model-independent framework known as the method of unitarity bounds, partly motivated by the discrepancies noted recently between the theoretical calculations of the form factor based on dispersion relations and certain experimental data measured from the decay ω → π0γ∗. We have applied a modified dispersive formalism, which uses as input the discontinuity of the ωπ form factor calculated by unitarity below the ωπ threshold and an integral constraint on the square of its modulus above this threshold. The latter constraint was obtained by exploiting unitarity and the positivity of the spectral function of a QCD correlator, computed on the spacelike axis by operator product expansion and perturbative QCD. An alternative constraint is obtained by using data available at higher energies for evaluating an integral of the modulus squared with a suitable weight function. From these conditions we derived upper and lower bounds on the modulus of the ωπ form factor in the region below the ωπ threshold. The results confirm the existence of a disagreement between dispersion theory and experimental data on the ωπ form factor around 0.6 GeV, including those from NA60 published in 2016. 13. Calculation of neutral weak nucleon form factors with the AdS/QCD correspondence NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Lohmann, Mark The AdS/QCD (Anti-de Sitter/Quantum Chromodynamics) is a mathematical formalism applied to a theory based on the original AdS/CFT (Anti-de Sitter/ Conformal Field Theory) correspondence. The aim is to describe properties of the strong force in an essentially non-perturbative way. AdS/QCD theories break the conformal symmetry of the AdS metric (a sacrifice) to arrive at a boundary theory which is QCD-like (a payoff). This correspondence has been used to calculate well-known quantities in nucleon spectra and structure like Regge trajectories, form factors, and many others within an error of less than 20% from experiment. This is impressive considering that ordinary perturbation theory in QCD applied to the strongly interacting domain usually obtains an error of about 30%. In this thesis, the AdS/QCD correspondence method of light-front holography established by Brodsky and de Teramond is used in an attempt to calculate the Dirac and Pauli neutral weak form factors, FZ1 (Q2) and FZ2 (Q 2) respectively, for both the proton and the neutron. With this approach, we were able to determine the neutral weak Dirac form factor for both nucleons and the Pauli form factor for the proton, while the method did not succeed at determining the neutral weak Pauli form factor for the neutron. With these we were also able to extract the proton's strange electric and magnetic form factor, which addresses important questions in nucleon sub-structure that are currently being investigated through experiments at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. 14. A form-factor method for determining the structure of distorted stars NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Wolfe, R. H., Jr.; Kern, J. W. 1979-01-01 The equilibrium equations of a uniformly rotating and tidally distorted star are reduced to the same form as for a spherical star except for the inclusion of two form factors. One factor, expressing the buoyancy effects of centrifugal force, is determined directly from the integrated structure variables. The other factor, expressing the deviation from spherical shape, is shown to be relatively insensitive to errors in the assumed shape, so that accurate solutions are obtained in spite of the use of an a priori shape. The method is employed by adding computations for the factors to an existing spherical model program. Upper Main Sequence models determined by this method compare closely with results from the double approximation method even for critical rotation and tidal distortion. 15. Tests of the triple Higgs boson form factor in μ-μ+→H H NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Gounaris, G. J.; Renard, F. M. 2016-05-01 We study the sensitivity of the process μ-μ+→H H to the q2 dependence of the H H H form factor, which can reflect the Higgs boson structure, especially in the case of compositeness. We compute the Born and one-loop SM contribution to this process. We then show how the μ-μ+→H H polarized and unpolarized cross sections are modified by the presence of various types of anomalous contributions to the H H H form factor, in particular Higgs constituents in the case of compositeness. 16. Microscopic model of the timelike electromagnetic form factor of the nucleon SciTech Connect Doenges, H.C.; Schaefer, M.; Mosel, U. ) 1995-02-01 A microscopic model of the electromagnetic form factor of the nucleon is developed in a hadronic framework, including pions, nucleons and the [Delta]-resonance explicitly. The spacelike on-shell form factors are reproduced and predictions for the half off-shell dependence are made. The impact of this off-shell dependence in the time like sector ([ital q][sup 2][lt]1 GeV[sup 2], thus including the region of vector meson dominance) is of main interest in this investigation. 17. Pion and proton form factors in the regge description of electroproduction p( e, e' π +) n NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Choi, Tae Keun; Kong, Kook Jin; Yu, Byung Geel 2015-10-01 Electroproduction of π + above the resonance region is analyzed in the Regge model for π + ρ exchanges. The importance of the roles of the pion and the proton form factors in the process is discussed in comparison with the existing models of Kaskulov and Mosel and of Vrancx and Ryckebusch. The present model with a proton form factor of a simple dipole-type is shown to yield a better description of DESY and JLab data over those models for the high Q 2 and - t region up to 5 GeV2. 18. Form factors and generalized parton distributions in basis light-front quantization NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Adhikari, Lekha; Li, Yang; Zhao, Xingbo; Maris, Pieter; Vary, James P.; El-Hady, Alaa Abd 2016-05-01 We calculate the elastic form factors and the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) for four low-lying bound states of a demonstration fermion-antifermion system, strong-coupling positronium (e e ¯ ), using basis light-front quantization (BLFQ). By using this approach, we also calculate the impact-parameter-dependent GPDs q (x ,b⃗⊥) to visualize the fermion density in the transverse plane (b⃗⊥). We compare selected results with corresponding quantities in the nonrelativistic limit to reveal relativistic effects. Our results establish the foundation within BLFQ for investigating the form factors and the GPDs for hadronic systems. 19. JLab Measurement of the He4 Charge Form Factor at Large Momentum Transfers NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Camsonne, A.; Katramatou, A. T.; Olson, M.; Sparveris, N.; Acha, A.; Allada, K.; Anderson, B. D.; Arrington, J.; Baldwin, A.; Chen, J.-P.; Choi, S.; Chudakov, E.; Cisbani, E.; Craver, B.; Decowski, P.; Dutta, C.; Folts, E.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Gilman, R.; Gomez, J.; Hahn, B.; Hansen, J.-O.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Holmstrom, T.; Huang, J.; Iodice, M.; Jiang, X.; Kelleher, A.; Khrosinkova, E.; Kievsky, A.; Kuchina, E.; Kumbartzki, G.; Lee, B.; LeRose, J. J.; Lindgren, R. A.; Lott, G.; Lu, H.; Marcucci, L. E.; Margaziotis, D. J.; Markowitz, P.; Marrone, S.; Meekins, D.; Meziani, Z.-E.; Michaels, R.; Moffit, B.; Norum, B.; Petratos, G. G.; Puckett, A.; Qian, X.; Rondon, O.; Saha, A.; Sawatzky, B.; Segal, J.; Shabestari, M.; Shahinyan, A.; Solvignon, P.; Subedi, R. R.; Suleiman, R.; Sulkosky, V.; Urciuoli, G. M.; Viviani, M.; Wang, Y.; Wojtsekhowski, B. B.; Yan, X.; Yao, H.; Zhang, W.-M.; Zheng, X.; Zhu, L.; Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration 2014-04-01 The charge form factor of He4 has been extracted in the range 29 fm-2≤Q2≤77 fm-2 from elastic electron scattering, detecting He4 recoil nuclei and electrons in coincidence with the high resolution spectrometers of the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab. The measurements have uncovered a second diffraction minimum for the form factor, which was predicted in the Q2 range of this experiment. The data are in qualitative agreement with theoretical calculations based on realistic interactions and accurate methods to solve the few-body problem. 20. Computation of form factors in massless QCD with finite master integrals NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) von Manteuffel, Andreas; Panzer, Erik; Schabinger, Robert M. 2016-06-01 We present the bare one-, two-, and three-loop form factors in massless quantum chromodynamics as linear combinations of finite master integrals. Using symbolic integration, we compute their ɛ expansions and thereby reproduce all known results with an independent method. Remarkably, in our finite basis, only integrals with a less-than-maximal number of propagators contribute to the cusp anomalous dimensions. We report on indications of this phenomenon at four loops, including the result for a finite, irreducible, twelve-propagator form factor integral. Together with this article, we provide our automated software setup for the computation of finite master integrals. 1. X-ray coherent scattering form factors of tissues, water and plastics using energy dispersion NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) King, B. W.; Landheer, K. A.; Johns, P. C. 2011-07-01 A key requirement for the development of the field of medical x-ray scatter imaging is accurate characterization of the differential scattering cross sections of tissues and phantom materials. The coherent x-ray scattering form factors of five tissues (fat, muscle, liver, kidney, and bone) obtained from butcher shops, four plastics (polyethylene, polystyrene, lexan (polycarbonate), nylon), and water have been measured using an energy-dispersive technique. The energy-dispersive technique has several improvements over traditional diffractometer measurements. Most notably, the form factor is measured on an absolute scale with no need for scaling factors. Form factors are reported in terms of the quantity x = λ-1sin (θ/2) over the range 0.363-9.25 nm-1. The coherent form factors of muscle, liver, and kidney resemble those of water, while fat has a narrower peak at lower x, and bone is more structured. The linear attenuation coefficients of the ten materials have also been measured over the range 30-110 keV and parameterized using the dual-material approach with the basis functions being the linear attenuation coefficients of polymethylmethacrylate and aluminum. 2. Nucleon form factors with 2+1 flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions SciTech Connect Takeshi Yamazaki; Aoki, Yasumichi; Blum, Tom; Lin, Huey-Wen; Ohta, Shigemi; Sasaki, Shoichi; Tweedie, Robert; Zanotti, James 2009-06-01 We report our numerical lattice QCD calculations of the isovector nucleon form factors for the vector and axialvector currents: the vector, induced tensor, axialvector, and induced pseudoscalar form factors. The calculation is carried out with the gauge configurations generated with N{sub f} = 2+1 dynamical domain wall fermions and Iwasaki gauge actions at {beta} = 2.13, corresponding to a cutoff a{sup -1} = 1.73 GeV, and a spatial volume of (2.7 fm){sup 3}. The up and down quark masses are varied so the pion mass lies between 0.33 and 0.67 GeV while the strange quark mass is about 12% heavier than the physical one. We calculate the form factors in the range of momentum transfers, 0.2 < q{sup 2} < 0.75 GeV{sup 2}. The vector and induced tensor form factors are well described by the conventional dipole forms and result in significant underestimation of the Dirac and Pauli mean-squared radii and the anomalous magnetic moment compared to the respective experimental values. We show that the axial-vector form factor is significantly affected by the finite spatial volume of the lattice. In particular in the axial charge, g{sub A}/g{sub V}, the finite volume effect scales with a single dimensionless quantity, m{sub {pi}}L, the product of the calculated pion mass and the spatial lattice extent. Our results indicate that for this quantity, m{sub {pi}} L > 6 is required to ensure that finite volume effects are below 1%. 3. Constraints on the form factors for K ---> pi l nu and implications for |V(us)| SciTech Connect Hill, Richard J.; /Fermilab 2006-07-01 Rigorous bounds are established for the expansion coefficients governing the shape of semileptonic K {yields} {pi} form factors. The constraints enforced by experimental data from {tau} {yields} K{pi}{nu} eliminate uncertainties associated with model parameterizations in the determination of |V{sub us}|. The results support the validity of a powerful expansion that can be applied to other semileptonic transitions. 4. Measuring the axial form factor of {sup 3}He using weak capture of polarized electrons SciTech Connect Dutta, D. 2013-11-07 A low energy, high intensity polarized electron beam could enable the extraction of the A=3 weak axial form factors F{sub A} using the reaction →e+{sup 3}He→{sup 3}H+ν. These form factors have never been measured before. We discuss the feasibility of such an experiment using a small toroidal magnet and a radial low energy recoil detector to tag the recoil tritons. A moderately high intensity polarized electron beam (>500 μA) with beam energies between 50 - 150 MeV is necessary for the cross section measurement and to provides a free clean measurement of the background. Moreover, in addition to the cross section, by measuring the electron spin and recoil triton correlation coefficient it may be possible to search for second class currents and to extract the ratio of the axial to the vector form factor of the nucleon. Such novel electron scattering based measurements would have a completely different set of systematic uncertainties compared to polarized neutron beta decay, neutrino scattering and muon capture experiments which are typically used to extract the weak form-factors. 5. Studies of Nucleon Form Factors with 12 GeV CEBAF and SuperBigBite SciTech Connect Hansen, Jens-Ole 2012-04-01 The elastic electromagnetic form factors are among the most fundamental quantities that describe the ground-state structure of the proton and neutron. Precision data of the form factors over a wide kinematical range provide a powerful test of current theories of hadron structure. A number of experiments aiming to measure the electric and magnetic elastic form factors of the neutron, G{sub E}{sup n} and G{sub M}{sup n}, and proton, G{sub E}{sup p}, at very high momentum transfer, up to the range of Q{sup 2} = 10-14 (GeV/c){sup 2}, are planned to be carried out with the future 11 GeV electron beam of the upgraded CEBAF at Jefferson Lab. These experiments will determine the nucleon form factors with unprecedented precision to Q{sup 2}-values up to three times higher than those of existing data. We review the approved proposals and the conceptual design of a new spectrometer, SuperBigBite, that will be used in these and other future experiments at Jefferson Lab. 6. A small-form-factor piezoelectric vibration energy harvester using a resonant frequency-down conversion NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Sun, Kyung Ho; Kim, Young-Cheol; Kim, Jae Eun 2014-10-01 While environmental vibrations are usually in the range of a few hundred Hertz, small-form-factor piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters will have higher resonant frequencies due to the structural size effect. To address this issue, we propose a resonant frequency-down conversion based on the theory of dynamic vibration absorber for the design of a small-form-factor piezoelectric vibration energy harvester. The proposed energy harvester consists of two frequency-tuned elastic components for lowering the first resonant frequency of an integrated system but is so configured that an energy harvesting beam component is inverted with respect to the other supporting beam component for a small form factor. Furthermore, in order to change the unwanted modal characteristic of small separation of resonant frequencies, as is the case with an inverted configuration, a proof mass on the supporting beam component is slightly shifted toward a second proof mass on the tip of the energy harvesting beam component. The proposed small-form-factor design capability was experimentally verified using a fabricated prototype with an occupation volume of 20 × 39 × 6.9 mm3, which was designed for a target frequency of as low as 100 Hz. 7. Calculation of inelastic electron-nucleus scattering form factors of 29Si NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Salman, A. D.; Al-Dahan, N.; Sharrad, F. I.; Hossain, I. 2014-08-01 Inelastic electron scattering form factors for 29Si nucleus with total angular momentum and positive parity (Jπ) and excited energy (3/2+, 1.273 MeV; 5/2+, 2.028 MeV; 3/2+, 2.425 MeV and 7/2+, 4.079 MeV) have been calculated using higher energy configurations outside the sd-shell. The calculations of inelastic form factors up to the first- and second-order with and without core-polarization (CP) effects were compared with the available experimental data. The calculations of inelastic electron scattering form factors up to the first-order with CP effects are in agreement with the experimental data, excepted for states 3/2+(1.273 MeV) and 5/2+(2.028 MeV) and without this effect are failed for all states. Furthermore, the calculations of inelastic electron scattering form factors up to the second-order with CP effects are in agreement with the experimental data for 3/2+(1.273 MeV) and 5/2+(2.028 MeV). 8. Lattice QCD results for the B --> D(*) l nu form factors: F(1) and G(1) SciTech Connect Van de Water, R.S.; /Fermilab 2007-01-01 I review the current status of lattice QCD calculations of the B {yields} D and B {yields} D* form factors and discuss prospects for their improvement. Successful calculations within the quenched approximation demonstrate the power of lattice methods for calculating F(1) and G(1), and the unquenched calculations in progress should soon allow for a 2-3% exclusive determination of |Vcb|. 9. Form factor dispersion at La M5,4 edges and average density of resonant atoms. PubMed Smadici, S; Lee, J C T; Logvenov, G; Bozovic, I; Abbamonte, P 2014-01-15 Resonant soft x-ray scattering on complex oxide superlattices shows very large variations in the superlattice reflection position and intensity near La M5,4 edges. Resonant dispersion of the La x-ray form factor describes the observations well. We determine the average density of resonant La atoms and the thickness of superlattice layers. PMID:24318961 10. The charge form factor of pseudoscalar mesons in a relativistic constituent quark model SciTech Connect Cardarelli, F.; Pace, E.; Grach, I.L. 1994-04-01 The charge form factor of pseudoscalar mesons has been investigated in the light-cone formalism, up to Q{sup 2} relevant to CEBAF energies. The consequences of adopting the meson wave functions generated through the Godfrey-Isgur q{bar q} potential, which reproduces the mass spectra, are discussed. 11. New Precision Limit on the Strange Vector Form Factors of the Proton SciTech Connect Ahmed, Z.; Allada, K.; Aniol, K. A.; Armstrong, D. S.; Arrington, J.; Baturin, P.; Bellini, V.; Benesch, J.; Beminiwattha, R.; Benmokhtar, F.; Canan, M.; Camsonne, A.; Cates, G. D.; Chen, J. -P.; Chudakov, E.; Cisbani, E.; Dalton, M. M.; de Jager, C. W.; De Leo, R.; Deconinck, W.; Decowski, P.; Deng, X.; Deur, A.; Dutta, C.; Franklin, G. B.; Friend, M.; Frullani, S.; Garibaldi, F.; Giusa, A.; Glamazdin, A.; Golge, S.; Grimm, K.; Hansen, O.; Higinbotham, D. W.; Holmes, R.; Holmstrom, T.; Huang, J.; Huang, M.; Hyde, C. E.; Jen, C. M.; Jin, G.; Jones, D.; Kang, H.; King, P.; Kowalski, S.; Kumar, K. S.; Lee, J. H.; LeRose, J. J.; Liyanage, N.; Long, E.; McNulty, D.; Margaziotis, D.; Meddi, F.; Meekins, D. G.; Mercado, L.; Meziani, Z. -E.; Michaels, R.; Muñoz-Camacho, C.; Mihovilovic, M.; Muangma, N.; Myers, K. E.; Nanda, S.; Narayan, A.; Nelyubin, V.; Nuruzzaman, None; Oh, Y.; Pan, K.; Parno, D.; Paschke, K. D.; Phillips, S. K.; Qian, X.; Qiang, Y.; Quinn, B.; Rakhman, A.; Reimer, P. E.; Rider, K.; Riordan, S.; Roche, J.; Rubin, J.; Russo, G.; Saenboonruang, K.; Saha, A.; Sawatzky, B.; Silwal, R.; Sirca, S.; Souder, P. A.; Sperduto, M.; Subedi, R.; Suleiman, R.; Sulkosky, V.; Sutera, C. M.; Tobias, W. A.; Urciuoli, G. M.; Waidyawansa, B.; Wang, D.; Wexler, J.; Wilson, R.; Wojtsekhowski, B.; Zhan, X.; Yan, X.; Yao, H.; Ye, L.; Zhao, B.; Zheng, X. 2012-03-01 The parity-violating cross-section asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from unpolarized protons has been measured at a four-momentum transfer squared Q2 = 0.624 GeV2 and beam energy Eb = 3.48 GeV to be APV = -23.80 ± 0.78 (stat) ± 0.36 (syst) parts per million. This result is consistent with zero contribution of strange quarks to the combination of electric and magnetic form factors GEs + 0.517 GMs = 0.003 ± 0.010 (stat) ± 0.004 (syst) ± 0.009 (ff), where the third error is due to the limits of precision on the electromagnetic form factors and radiative corrections. With this measurement, the world data on strange contributions to nucleon form factors are seen to be consistent with zero and not more than a few percent of the proton form factors. 12. Precision measurement of the neutron magnetic form factor from {sup 3}He(e, e') SciTech Connect Dipangkar Dutta 2000-12-12 A precision measurement of the inclusive quasielastic transverse asymmetry A{sub T'} from {sup 3}He(e, e') was completed recently at Hall A at Jefferson Lab (E95-001). The preliminary results on the neutron magnetic form factor at low Q{sup 2} are presented here. 13. A small-form-factor piezoelectric vibration energy harvester using a resonant frequency-down conversion SciTech Connect Sun, Kyung Ho; Kim, Young-Cheol; Kim, Jae Eun 2014-10-15 While environmental vibrations are usually in the range of a few hundred Hertz, small-form-factor piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters will have higher resonant frequencies due to the structural size effect. To address this issue, we propose a resonant frequency-down conversion based on the theory of dynamic vibration absorber for the design of a small-form-factor piezoelectric vibration energy harvester. The proposed energy harvester consists of two frequency-tuned elastic components for lowering the first resonant frequency of an integrated system but is so configured that an energy harvesting beam component is inverted with respect to the other supporting beam component for a small form factor. Furthermore, in order to change the unwanted modal characteristic of small separation of resonant frequencies, as is the case with an inverted configuration, a proof mass on the supporting beam component is slightly shifted toward a second proof mass on the tip of the energy harvesting beam component. The proposed small-form-factor design capability was experimentally verified using a fabricated prototype with an occupation volume of 20 × 39 × 6.9 mm{sup 3}, which was designed for a target frequency of as low as 100 Hz. 14. Light-Front Quark Model Analysis of Meson-Photon Transition Form Factor NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Choi, Ho-Meoyng; Ji, Chueng-Ryong 2016-07-01 We discuss {(π0, η, η') to γ^{*}γ} transition form factors using the light-front quark model. Our discussion includes the analysis of the mixing angles for {η-η'}. Our results for {Q2 F_{(π^0,η,η')toγ^*γ}(Q^2)} show scaling behavior for high Q 2 consistent with pQCD predictions. 15. New precision limit on the strange vector form factors of the proton. PubMed Ahmed, Z; Allada, K; Aniol, K A; Armstrong, D S; Arrington, J; Baturin, P; Bellini, V; Benesch, J; Beminiwattha, R; Benmokhtar, F; Canan, M; Camsonne, A; Cates, G D; Chen, J-P; Chudakov, E; Cisbani, E; Dalton, M M; de Jager, C W; De Leo, R; Deconinck, W; Decowski, P; Deng, X; Deur, A; Dutta, C; Franklin, G B; Friend, M; Frullani, S; Garibaldi, F; Giusa, A; Glamazdin, A; Golge, S; Grimm, K; Hansen, O; Higinbotham, D W; Holmes, R; Holmstrom, T; Huang, J; Huang, M; Hyde, C E; Jen, C M; Jin, G; Jones, D; Kang, H; King, P; Kowalski, S; Kumar, K S; Lee, J H; LeRose, J J; Liyanage, N; Long, E; McNulty, D; Margaziotis, D; Meddi, F; Meekins, D G; Mercado, L; Meziani, Z-E; Michaels, R; Muñoz-Camacho, C; Mihovilovic, M; Muangma, N; Myers, K E; Nanda, S; Narayan, A; Nelyubin, V; Nuruzzaman; Oh, Y; Pan, K; Parno, D; Paschke, K D; Phillips, S K; Qian, X; Qiang, Y; Quinn, B; Rakhman, A; Reimer, P E; Rider, K; Riordan, S; Roche, J; Rubin, J; Russo, G; Saenboonruang, K; Saha, A; Sawatzky, B; Silwal, R; Sirca, S; Souder, P A; Sperduto, M; Subedi, R; Suleiman, R; Sulkosky, V; Sutera, C M; Tobias, W A; Urciuoli, G M; Waidyawansa, B; Wang, D; Wexler, J; Wilson, R; Wojtsekhowski, B; Zhan, X; Yan, X; Yao, H; Ye, L; Zhao, B; Zheng, X 2012-03-01 The parity-violating cross-section asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from unpolarized protons has been measured at a four-momentum transfer squared Q2 = 0.624 GeV2 and beam energy E(b) = 3.48 GeV to be A(PV) = -23.80 ± 0.78(stat) ± 0.36(syst) parts per million. This result is consistent with zero contribution of strange quarks to the combination of electric and magnetic form factors G(E)(s) + 0.517G(M)(s) = 0.003 ± 0.010(stat) ± 0.004(syst) ± 0.009(ff), where the third error is due to the limits of precision on the electromagnetic form factors and radiative corrections. With this measurement, the world data on strange contributions to nucleon form factors are seen to be consistent with zero and not more than a few percent of the proton form factors. PMID:22468841 16. Energy-momentum tensor form factors of the nucleon in nuclear matter NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Kim, Hyun-Chul; Schweitzer, Peter; Yakhshiev, Ulugbek 2012-12-01 The nucleon form factors of the energy-momentum tensor are studied in nuclear medium in the framework of the in-medium modified Skyrme model. We obtain a negative D-term, in agreement with results from other approaches, and find that medium effects make the value of d1 more negative. 17. Structure of the neutral pion and its electromagnetic transition form factor NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Raya, Khépani; Chang, Lei; Bashir, Adnan; Cobos-Martinez, J. Javier; Gutiérrez-Guerrero, L. Xiomara; Roberts, Craig D.; Tandy, Peter C. 2016-04-01 The γ*γ →π0 transition form factor, G (Q2), is computed on the entire domain of spacelike momenta using a continuum approach to the two valence body bound-state problem in relativistic quantum field theory: the result agrees with data obtained by the CELLO, CLEO, and Belle Collaborations. The analysis unifies this prediction with that of the pion's valence-quark parton distribution amplitude (PDA) and elastic electromagnetic form factor and demonstrates, too, that a fully self-consistent treatment can readily connect a pion PDA that is a broad, concave function at the hadronic scale with the perturbative QCD prediction for the transition form factor in the hard photon limit. The normalization of that limit is set by the scale of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, which is a crucial feature of the Standard Model. Understanding of the latter will thus remain incomplete until definitive transition form factor data are available on Q2>10 GeV2 . 18. New Precision Limit on the Strange Vector Form Factors of the Proton DOE PAGESBeta Ahmed, Z.; Allada, K.; Aniol, K. A.; Armstrong, D. S.; Arrington, J.; Baturin, P.; Bellini, V.; Benesch, J.; Beminiwattha, R.; Benmokhtar, F.; et al 2012-03-01 The parity-violating cross-section asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from unpolarized protons has been measured at a four-momentum transfer squared Q2 = 0.624 GeV2 and beam energy Eb = 3.48 GeV to be APV = -23.80 ± 0.78 (stat) ± 0.36 (syst) parts per million. This result is consistent with zero contribution of strange quarks to the combination of electric and magnetic form factors GEs + 0.517 GMs = 0.003 ± 0.010 (stat) ± 0.004 (syst) ± 0.009 (ff), where the third error is due to the limits of precision on the electromagnetic form factors and radiative corrections.more » With this measurement, the world data on strange contributions to nucleon form factors are seen to be consistent with zero and not more than a few percent of the proton form factors.« less 19. QCD corrections to B → π form factors from light-cone sum rules NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Wang, Yu-Ming; Shen, Yue-Long 2015-09-01 We compute perturbative corrections to B → π form factors from QCD light-cone sum rules with B-meson distribution amplitudes. Applying the method of regions we demonstrate factorization of the vacuum-to-B-meson correlation function defined with an interpolating current for pion, at one-loop level, explicitly in the heavy quark limit. The short-distance functions in the factorization formulae of the correlation function involves both hard and hard-collinear scales; and these functions can be further factorized into hard coefficients by integrating out the hard fluctuations and jet functions encoding the hard-collinear information. Resummation of large logarithms in the short-distance functions is then achieved via the standard renormalization-group approach. We further show that structures of the factorization formulae for fBπ+ (q2) and fBπ0 (q2) at large hadronic recoil from QCD light-cone sum rules match that derived in QCD factorization. In particular, we perform an exploratory phenomenological analysis of B → π form factors, paying attention to various sources of perturbative and systematic uncertainties, and extract |Vub | = (3.05-0.38+0.54|th. ± 0.09|exp.) ×10-3 with the inverse moment of the B-meson distribution amplitude ϕB+ (ω) determined by reproducing fBπ+ (q2 = 0) obtained from the light-cone sum rules with π distribution amplitudes. Furthermore, we present the invariant-mass distributions of the lepton pair for B → πℓνℓ (ℓ = μ, τ) in the whole kinematic region. Finally, we discuss non-valence Fock state contributions to the B → π form factors fBπ+ (q2) and fBπ0 (q2) in brief. 20. Minocycline inhibits the production of the precursor form of nerve growth factor by retinal microglial cells☆ PubMed Central Yang, Xiaochun; Duan, Xuanchu 2013-01-01 A rat model of acute ocular hypertension was established by enhancing the perfusion of balanced salt solution in the anterior chamber of the right eye. Minocycline (90 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally into rats immediately after the operation for 3 consecutive days. Immunofluorescence, western blot assay and PCR detection revealed that the expression of the precursor form of nerve growth factor, nerve growth factor and the p75 neurotrophin receptor, and the mRNA expression of nerve growth factor and the p75 neurotrophin receptor, increased after acute ocular hypertension. The number of double-labeled CD11B- and precursor form of nerve growth factor-positive cells, glial fibrillary acidic protein- and p75 neurotrophin receptor-positive cells, glial fibrillary acidic protein- and caspase-3-positive cells in the retina markedly increased after acute ocular hypertension. The above-described expression decreased after minocycline treatment. These results suggested that minocycline inhibited the increased expression of the precursor form of nerve growth factor in microglia, the p75 neurotrophin receptor in astroglia, and protected cells from apoptosis. PMID:25206672 1. Measurement of the Electric Form Factor of the Neutron at High Momentum Transfer SciTech Connect Jonathan Miller 2009-06-01 The E02-013 collaboration's precision measurement of the electric form factor of the neutron at high momentum took place in Hall A of Jefferson Laboratory [1]. Four kinematic points spread in Q2 from 1.2 to 3.5 (GeV/c)2 reach the region of momentum transfer where there is little ambiguity that the form factors are dominated by the valence quarks. The electric form factor provides important constraints on the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of the nucleon and therefore to understand the currently unknown quark angular orbital moments. The talk presented newly obtained results for GnE including at Q2 of 2.5 (GeV/c)2. These measurements provide access to twice the range of momentum transfer for complete iso-spin decomposition of the nucleon form factors. The form factors of the u and d quarks were also presented. The measurement used a double polarization asymmetry method [2][3] with He polarized up to 55% (provided by a novel hybrid alkali optical pumping scheme utilizing a Rb & K mixture) and the highly polarized (85%) electron beam at CEBAF. A specially constructed detector package consisting of an electron spectrometer, named Big-Bite, with a solid angle of 95 msr and a large neutron detector were used to detect the particles in the reaction {sup 3}H{rvec e}({rvec e},e',h). The experimental apparatus provided more than 100 times better Figure-of-Merit than other GnE experiments utilizing polarized targets; for more information see [4]. 2. Induced drag ideal efficiency factor of arbitrary lateral-vertical wing forms NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) Deyoung, J. 1980-01-01 A relatively simple equation is presented for estimating the induced drag ideal efficiency factor e for arbitrary cross sectional wing forms. This equation is based on eight basic but varied wing configurations which have exact solutions. The e function which relates the basic wings is developed statistically and is a continuous function of configuration geometry. The basic wing configurations include boxwings shaped as a rectangle, ellipse, and diamond; the V-wing; end-plate wing; 90 degree cruciform; circle dumbbell; and biplane. Example applications of the e equations are made to many wing forms such as wings with struts which form partial span rectangle dumbbell wings; bowtie, cruciform, winglet, and fan wings; and multiwings. Derivations are presented in the appendices of exact closed form solutions found of e for the V-wing and 90 degree cruciform wing and for an asymptotic solution for multiwings. 3. Noncanonical phase-space noncommutativity and the Kantowski-Sachs singularity for black holes NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bastos, Catarina; Bertolami, Orfeu; Dias, Nuno Costa; Prata, João Nuno 2011-07-01 We consider a cosmological model based upon a noncanonical noncommutative extension of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra to address the thermodynamical stability and the singularity problem of black holes whose interior are described by the Kantowski-Sachs metric and modeled by a noncommutative extension of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. We compute the temperature and entropy of these black holes and compare the results with the Hawking values. We observe that it is actually the noncommutativity in the momentum sector that allows for the existence of a minimum in the potential, which is the key to apply the Feynman-Hibbs procedure. It is shown that this noncommutative model generates a nonunitary dynamics that predicts a vanishing probability in the neighborhood of the singularity. This result effectively regularizes the Kantowski-Sachs singularity and generalizes a similar result, previously obtained for the case of Schwarzschild black holes. 4. Prevention of lysosomal storage in Tay-Sachs mice treated with N-butyldeoxynojirimycin. PubMed Platt, F M; Neises, G R; Reinkensmeier, G; Townsend, M J; Perry, V H; Proia, R L; Winchester, B; Dwek, R A; Butters, T D 1997-04-18 The glycosphingolipid (GSL) lysosomal storage diseases result from the inheritance of defects in the genes encoding the enzymes required for catabolism of GSLs within lysosomes. A strategy for the treatment of these diseases, based on an inhibitor of GSL biosynthesis N-butyldeoxynojirimycin, was evaluated in a mouse model of Tay-Sachs disease. When Tay-Sachs mice were treated with N-butyldeoxynojirimycin, the accumulation of GM2 in the brain was prevented, with the number of storage neurons and the quantity of ganglioside stored per cell markedly reduced. Thus, limiting the biosynthesis of the substrate (GM2) for the defective enzyme (beta-hexosaminidase A) prevents GSL accumulation and the neuropathology associated with its lysosomal storage. PMID:9103204 5. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of a short-form of the EMBU among Chinese adolescents. PubMed Li, Zhongquan; Wang, Li; Zhang, Lisong 2012-02-01 The present study used a sample of Chinese adolescents and validated a short-form of the Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran: One's Memories of Upbringing (s-EMBU) assessing perceived parental rearing styles. A Chinese revision of the s-EMBU by the authors was administered to a total of 779 high school students, ages 11 to 19 years. Exploratory factor analysis with half of the sample yielded a three-factor solution of Rejection, Emotional Warmth, and Overprotection, accounting for 47.1% of the total variance onthe father form and 48.8% of the total variance on the mother form. Then, confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the three-factor model to the data in the other half of the sample. The three subscales consisted of 6, 6, and 7 items, respectively. Scores on these subscales had Cronbach alphas ranging from .71 to .81, indicating adequate internal consistency. These psychometric properties suggest its applicability for research with Chinese adolescents. PMID:22489392 6. The structure of light-front wavefunctions and constraints on hadronic form factors SciTech Connect S. J. Brodsky; J. R. Hiller; D. S. Hwang; V. A. Karmanov 2003-11-17 We study the analytic structure of light-front wave functions (LFWFs) and its consequences for hadron form factors using an explicitly Lorentz-invariant formulation of the front form. The normal to the light front is specified by a general null vector {omega}{sup {mu}}. The LFWFs with definite total angular momentum are eigenstates of a kinematic angular momentum operator and satisfy all Lorentz symmetries. They are analytic functions of the invariant mass squared of the constituents M{sub 0}{sup 2} = ({Sigma} k{sup {mu}}){sup 2} and the light-cone momentum fractions x{sub i} = k{sub i} {center_dot} {omega}/p {center_dot} {omega} multiplied by invariants constructed from the spin matrices, polarization vectors, and {omega}{sup {mu}}. These properties are illustrated using known nonperturbative eigensolutions of the Wick-Cutkosky model. We analyze the LFWFs introduced by Chung and Coester to describe static and low momentum properties of the nucleons. They correspond to the spin-locking of a quark with the spin of its parent nucleon, tog ether with a positive-energy projection constraint. These extra constraints lead to anomalous dependence of form factors on Q rather than Q{sup 2}. In contrast, the dependence of LFWFs on M{sub 0}{sup 2} implies that hadron form factors are analytic functions of Q{sup 2} in agreement with dispersion theory and perturbative QCD. We show that a model incorporating the leading-twist perturbative QCD prediction is consistent with recent data for the ratio of proton Pauli and Dirac form factors. 7. Detection of Tay-Sachs disease carriers among individuals with thermolabile hexosaminidase B. PubMed Peleg, L; Goldman, B 1994-02-01 The determination of hexosaminidases A and B in most programmes for Tay-Sachs disease carrier detection is based on their different heat sensitivity (hexosaminidase A is the heat labile isoenzyme). This routine cannot be employed for individuals who also possess a thermolabile hexosaminidase B. In Israel, 0.6% of the screened samples have a labile hexosaminidases B (about 110 each year) and the assessment of their hexosaminidase A activity has hitherto been based on isoenzyme separation by ion exchange chromatography. The latter requires relative large serum samples, and the individuals must usually be reappointed. In order to avoid the thermal treatment we have used the alternative technique, which employs two substrates with different specificities for the two isoenzymes: 1. The fluorogenic substance, 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-glucopyranoside, which measures total hexosaminidase activity and 2. the derivative, 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl glucosamine-6-sulphate, which is considerably more specific toward hexosaminidase A. Hexosaminidase A activity was expressed as a ratio of total activities (the ratio of the assay with 4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetyl glucosamine-6-sulphate to that with 4-methyllumbelliferyl-N-acetyl-glucopyranoside). Using the results from 65 obligate heterozygotes for Tay-Sachs disease, we established our reference ranges for assigning the genotypes with respect to the Tay-Sachs gene. Comparison of the results from 182 unrelated and randomly chosen sera screened by the ratio method and by heat inactivation, showed a very high correlation (r = 0.996). Sixty eight sera with thermolabile hexosaminidase B were tested by ion exchange chromatography and by the double substrate method, and they yielded identical diagnoses with regard to the Tay-Sachs locus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) PMID:8003579 8. ACOG committee opinion. Number 318, October 2005. Screening for Tay-Sachs disease. PubMed 2005-10-01 Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a severe progressive neurologic disease that causes death in early childhood. Carrier screening, should be offered before pregnancy to individuals and couples at high-risk, including those of Ashkenazi Jewish, French-Canadian, or Cajun descent and those with a family history consistent with TSD. If both partners are determined to be carriers of TSD, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis should be offered. PMID:16199656 9. Kantowski-Sachs bulk viscous string cosmological model in f(R,T) gravity NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Reddy, D. R. K.; Anitha, S.; Umadevi, S. 2014-05-01 A spatially homogenous and anisotropic Kantowski-Sachs space-time is considered in the presence of bulk viscous fluid containing one-dimensional cosmic strings in the framework of the f ( R, T) gravity proposed by Harko et al. (Phys. Rev. D 84, 024020, (2011)). Some physically plausible conditions have been used to obtain a determinate solution of the field equations. A cosmological model, in this theory, is presented and some physical and kinematical properties of the model are also studied. 10. Development of a Short Form of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory: the FFNI-SF. PubMed Sherman, Emily D; Miller, Joshua D; Few, Lauren R; Campbell, W Keith; Widiger, Thomas A; Crego, Cristina; Lynam, Donald R 2015-09-01 The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI; Glover, Miller, Lynam, Crego, & Widiger, 2012) is a 148-item self-report inventory of 15 traits designed to assess the basic elements of narcissism from the perspective of a 5-factor model. The FFNI assesses both vulnerable (i.e., cynicism/distrust, need for admiration, reactive anger, and shame) and grandiose (i.e., acclaim seeking, arrogance, authoritativeness, entitlement, exhibitionism, exploitativeness, grandiose fantasies, indifference, lack of empathy, manipulativeness, and thrill seeking) variants of narcissism. The present study reports the development of a short-form version of the FFNI in 4 diverse samples (i.e., 2 undergraduate samples, a sample recruited from MTurk, and a clinical community sample) using item response theory. The validity of the resultant 60-item short form was compared against the validity of the full scale in the 4 samples at both the subscale level and the level of the grandiose and vulnerable composites. Results indicated that the 15 subscales remain relatively reliable, possess a factor structure identical to the structure of the long-form scales, and manifest correlational profiles highly similar to those of the long-form scales in relation to a variety of criterion measures, including basic personality dimensions, other measures of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, and indicators of externalizing and internalizing psychopathology. Grandiose and vulnerable composites also behave almost identically across the short- and long-form versions. It is concluded that the FFNI-Short Form (FFNI-SF) offers a well-articulated assessment of the basic traits comprising grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, particularly when assessment time is limited. PMID:25774640 11. Measurement of the form factor ratios in semileptonic decays of charm mesons SciTech Connect R. Zaliznyak 1999-01-26 I have measured the form factor ratios r{sub 2} = A{sub 2} (0)/A{sub 1} (0) and r{sub V} = V (0)/A{sub 1} (0) in the semileptonic charm meson decay D{sup +} {yields} {anti K}{sup *0} e{sup +}{nu}{sub e} from data collected by the Fermilab E791 collaboration. Form factors are introduced in the calculation of the hadronic current in semileptonic decays of strange, charm, or bottom mesons, such as D{sup +} {yields} {anti K}{sup *0} e{sup +} {nu}{sub e} . Semileptonic decays provide insight into quark coupling to the W boson since the leptonic and hadronic amplitudes in the Feynman diagram for the decay are completely separate. There are no strong interactions between the final state leptons and quarks. A number of theoretical models predict the values of the form factors for D{sup +} {yields} {anti K}{sup *0} e{sup +} {nu}{sub e} , though there is a large range of predictions. E791 is a hadroproduction experiment that recorded over 20 billion interactions with a 500 GeV {pi}{sup -} beam incident on five thin targets during the 1991-92 Fermilab fixed-target run. Approximately 3000 D{sup +} {yields} {anti K}{sup *0} e{sup +} {nu}{sub e} decays are fully reconstructed. In order to extract the form factor ratios from the data, I implement a multidimensional unbinned maximum likelihood fit with a large sample of simulated (Monte Carlo) D{sup +} {yields} {anti K}{sup *0} e{sup +}{nu}{sub e} events. The large E791 data sample provides the most precise measurement of the form factor ratios to date. The measured values for the form factor ratios are r{sub 2} = 0.71 {+-} 0.08 {+-} 0.09 and r{sub V} = 1.84 {+-} 0.11 {+-} 0.08. These results are in good agreement with some Lattice Gauge calculations. However the agreement with quark model predictions is not as good. 12. Factor structure and differential item functioning of the BASC-2 BESS Spanish Language Parent Form. PubMed Dever, Bridget V; Raines, Tara C; Dowdy, Erin 2016-06-01 Given the steady increase of students from diverse backgrounds in the U.S. educational system, in particular immigrant and Latino students, it is important to consider how to best support all students within our schools. The present study focuses on the Behavior Assessment System for Children-Second Edition (BASC-2) Behavioral and Emotional Screening System (BESS) Parent Spanish form, which is a promising assessment tool for those who are interested in screening for behavioral and emotional risk among Spanish-speaking populations. The present study included 725 students of Latino descent in Grades K-6 in an urban school district and their parents or legal guardians, who served as the informants. All parents completed the BESS language form (English or Spanish) of their choice. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a 4-factor structure (Externalizing, Internalizing, Inattention, and Adaptive Skills) similar to that of the BESS Parent English form: χ2(77) = 248.06, p < .001; CFI = 0.903; TLI = 0.940. However, differential item functioning (DIF) analyses revealed 5 items (16.7%) demonstrated significant levels of DIF, with 4 of the 5 being easier to endorse in English. This study provides preliminary evidence of partial invariance of the BESS Parent across language forms. Although some evidence of invariance across language forms at the structural and item levels exists, more research is necessary to determine whether the DIF found in the present study results in any perceptible test bias. (PsycINFO Database Record PMID:27243244 13. Lyso-GM2 Ganglioside: A Possible Biomarker of Tay-Sachs Disease and Sandhoff Disease PubMed Central Kodama, Takashi; Togawa, Tadayasu; Tsukimura, Takahiro; Kawashima, Ikuo; Matsuoka, Kazuhiko; Kitakaze, Keisuke; Tsuji, Daisuke; Itoh, Kohji; Ishida, Yo-ichi; Suzuki, Minoru; Suzuki, Toshihiro; Sakuraba, Hitoshi 2011-01-01 To find a new biomarker of Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease. The lyso-GM2 ganglioside (lyso-GM2) levels in the brain and plasma in Sandhoff mice were measured by means of high performance liquid chromatography and the effect of a modified hexosaminidase (Hex) B exhibiting Hex A-like activity was examined. Then, the lyso-GM2 concentrations in human plasma samples were determined. The lyso-GM2 levels in the brain and plasma in Sandhoff mice were apparently increased compared with those in wild-type mice, and they decreased on intracerebroventricular administration of the modified Hex B. The lyso-GM2 levels in plasma of patients with Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease were increased, and the increase in lyso-GM2 was associated with a decrease in Hex A activity. Lyso-GM2 is expected to be a potential biomarker of Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease. PMID:22205997 14. Lyso-GM2 ganglioside: a possible biomarker of Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease. PubMed Kodama, Takashi; Togawa, Tadayasu; Tsukimura, Takahiro; Kawashima, Ikuo; Matsuoka, Kazuhiko; Kitakaze, Keisuke; Tsuji, Daisuke; Itoh, Kohji; Ishida, Yo-Ichi; Suzuki, Minoru; Suzuki, Toshihiro; Sakuraba, Hitoshi 2011-01-01 To find a new biomarker of Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease. The lyso-GM2 ganglioside (lyso-GM2) levels in the brain and plasma in Sandhoff mice were measured by means of high performance liquid chromatography and the effect of a modified hexosaminidase (Hex) B exhibiting Hex A-like activity was examined. Then, the lyso-GM2 concentrations in human plasma samples were determined. The lyso-GM2 levels in the brain and plasma in Sandhoff mice were apparently increased compared with those in wild-type mice, and they decreased on intracerebroventricular administration of the modified Hex B. The lyso-GM2 levels in plasma of patients with Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease were increased, and the increase in lyso-GM2 was associated with a decrease in Hex A activity. Lyso-GM2 is expected to be a potential biomarker of Tay-Sachs disease and Sandhoff disease. PMID:22205997 15. High-throughput spectrometer designs in a compact form-factor: principles and applications NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Norton, S. M. 2013-05-01 Many compact, portable Raman spectrometers have entered the market in the past few years with applications in narcotics and hazardous material identification, as well as verification applications in pharmaceuticals and security screening. Often, the required compact form-factor has forced designers to sacrifice throughput and sensitivity for portability and low-cost. We will show that a volume phase holographic (VPH)-based spectrometer design can achieve superior throughput and thus sensitivity over conventional Czerny-Turner reflective designs. We will look in depth at the factors influencing throughput and sensitivity and illustrate specific VPH-based spectrometer examples that highlight these design principles. 16. OPE for all helicity amplitudes II. Form factors and data analysis NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Basso, Benjamin; Caetano, João; Córdova, Lucía; Sever, Amit; Vieira, Pedro 2015-12-01 We present the general flux tube integrand for MHV and non-MHV amplitudes, in planar N=4 SYM theory, up to a group theoretical rational factor. We find that the MHV and non-MHV cases only differ by simple form factors which we derive. This information allows us to run the operator product expansion program for all sorts of non-MHV amplitudes and to test the recently proposed map with the so called charged pentagons transitions. Perfect agreement is found, on a large sample of non-MHV amplitudes, with the perturbative data available in the literature. 17. An investigation of the factor structure and convergent and discriminant validity of the five-factor model rating form. PubMed Samuel, Douglas B; Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N; Widiger, Thomas A 2013-02-01 The Five-Factor Model Rating Form (FFMRF) is a one-page measure designed to provide an efficient assessment of the higher order domains of the Five Factor Model (FFM) as well as the more specific, lower order facets proposed by McCrae and Costa. Although previous research has suggested that the FFMRF's assessment of the lower order facets converge reasonably with other FFM measures, the structural validity of the domain-level assessment has not yet been evaluated. The current study employed an exploratory structural equation modeling framework to investigate the fit of a five-factor solution within a combined sample of 757 participants. This was a novel analysis using a combined sample drawn from three previously published studies and was composed primarily of undergraduates but also included a smaller clinical subsample. Results indicated that the FFMRF is well accommodated within a five-factor solution. Furthermore, the FFMRF domain scores evinced large correlations with domain scores from the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised. The results suggest that the FFMRF might hold promise as a choice for those seeking a brief measure that provides a valid assessment of both the broad and specific traits of the FFM. PMID:22871990 18. Charge form factor and sum rules of electromagnetic response functions in$^{12}$C SciTech Connect Lovato, Alessandro; Gandolfi, Stefano; Carlson, Joseph A.; Butler, Ralph; Lusk, Ewing; Pieper, Steven C.; Schiavilla, Rocco 2013-08-01 An {\\it ab initio} calculation of the$^{12}$C elastic form factor, and sum rules of longitudinal and transverse response functions measured in inclusive (e,e') scattering, is reported, based on realistic nuclear potentials and electromagnetic currents. The longitudinal elastic form factor and sum rule are found to be in satisfactory agreement with available experimental data. A direct comparison between theory and experiment is difficult for the transverse sum rule. However, it is shown that the calculated one has large contributions from two-body currents, indicating that these mechanisms lead to a significant enhancement of the quasi-elastic transverse response. This fact may have implications for the anomaly observed in recent neutrino quasi-elastic charge-changing scattering data off$^{12}$C. 19. Covariant spectator theory for the electromagnetic three-nucleon form factors: Complete impulse approximation SciTech Connect Pinto, Sérgio Alexandre; Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz 2009-05-01 We present the first calculations of the electromagnetic form factors of 3He and 3H within the framework of the Covariant Spectator Theory (CST). This first exploratory study concentrates on the sensitivity of the form factors to the strength of the scalar meson-nucleon off-shell coupling, known from previous studies to have a strong influence on the three-body binding energy. Results presented here were obtained using the complete impulse approximation (CIA), which includes contributions of relativistic origin that appear as two-body corrections in a non-relativistic framework, such as "Z-graphs," but omits other two and three-body currents. Finally, we compare our results to non-relativistic calculations augmented by relativistic corrections of O(v/c)2. 20. Covariant spectator theory for the electromagnetic three-nucleon form factors: Complete impulse approximation SciTech Connect Alexandre Pinto, SÂ ergio; Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz 2009-01-01 We present the first calculations of the electromagnetic form factors of 3He and 3H within the framework of the Covariant Spectator Theory (CST). This first exploratory study concentrates on the sensitivity of the form factors to the strength of the scalar meson-nucleon off-shell coupling, known from previous studies to have a strong influence on the three-body binding energy. Results presented here were obtained using the complete impulse approximation (CIA), which includes contributions of relativistic origin that appear as two-body corrections in a non-relativistic framework, such as ?Z-graphs?, but omits other two and three-body currents. We compare our results to non-relativistic calculations augmented by relativistic corrections of O(v/c)2. 1. Covariant spectator theory for the electromagnetic three-nucleon form factors: Complete impulse approximation SciTech Connect Pinto, Sergio Alexandre; Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz 2009-05-15 We present the first calculations of the electromagnetic form factors of {sup 3}He and {sup 3}H within the framework of the Covariant Spectator Theory (CST). This first exploratory study concentrates on the sensitivity of the form factors to the strength of the scalar meson-nucleon off-shell coupling, known from previous studies to have a strong influence on the three-body binding energy. Results presented here were obtained using the complete impulse approximation (CIA), which includes contributions of relativistic origin that appear as two-body corrections in a nonrelativistic framework, such as 'Z-graphs', but omits other two and three-body currents. We compare our results to nonrelativistic calculations augmented by relativistic corrections of O(v/c){sup 2}. 2. $$B\\to\\pi\\ell\\ell$$ Form Factors for New-Physics Searches from Lattice QCD DOE PAGESBeta Bailey, Jon A. 2015-10-07 The rare decay B→πℓ+ℓ- arises from b→d flavor-changing neutral currents and could be sensitive to physics beyond the standard model. Here, we present the first ab initio QCD calculation of the B→π tensor form factor fT. Together with the vector and scalar form factors f+ and f0 from our companion work [J. A. Bailey et al., Phys. Rev. D 92, 014024 (2015)], these parametrize the hadronic contribution to B→π semileptonic decays in any extension of the standard model. We obtain the total branching ratio BR(B+→π+μ+μ-)=20.4(2.1)×10-9 in the standard model, which is the most precise theoretical determination to date, and agreesmore » with the recent measurement from the LHCb experiment [R. Aaij et al., J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2012) 125].« less 3. CFD-based method of determining form factor k for different ship types and different drafts NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Wang, Jinbao; Yu, Hai; Zhang, Yuefeng; Xiong, Xiaoqing 2016-07-01 The value of form factor k at different drafts is important in predicting full-scale total resistance and speed for different types of ships. In the ITTC community, most organizations predict form factor k using a low-speed model test. However, this method is problematic for ships with bulbous bows and transom. In this article, a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)-based method is introduced to obtain k for different type of ships at different drafts, and a comparison is made between the CFD method and the model test. The results show that the CFD method produces reasonable k values. A grid generating method and turbulence model are briefly discussed in the context of obtaining a consistent k using CFD. 4. Electroweak single pion production and form factors of the Δ(1232) resonance NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Żmuda, Jakub; Graczyk, Krzysztof M. 2015-10-01 We extend and review our analysis of the nucleon → Δ(1232) transition electroweak form factors from Ref. [1]. New fit of the Δ(1232) vector form factors to electron-proton scattering F2 structure function is introduced as well, leading to results different from the popular parametrization of Ref. [2]. A clear model dependence of the extracted parameters emerges. Fit to neutrino scattering data is performed in all available isospin channels. The resulting axial mass is MA Δ=0.85-0.08+0.09(GeV) and C5A(0 )=1.10-0.14+0.15 . The latter value is in accordance with Goldberger-Treiman relation as long as the deuteron effects are included. 5. Form factors of descendant operators: resonance identities in the sinh-Gordon model NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Lashkevich, Michael; Pugai, Yaroslav 2014-12-01 We study the space of local operators in the sinh-Gordon model in the framework of the bootstrap form factor approach. Our final goal is to identify the operators obtained by solving bootstrap equations with those defined in terms of the Lagrangian field. Here we try to identify operators at some very particular points, where the phenomenon of operator resonance takes place. The operator resonance phenomenon being perturbative, nevertheless, results in exact identities between some local operators. By applying an algebraic approach developed earlier for form factors we derive an infinite set of identities between particular descendant and exponential operators in the sinh-Gordon theory, which generalize the quantum equation of motion. We identify the corresponding descendant operators by comparing them with the result of perturbation theory. 6. B→πll Form Factors for New Physics Searches from Lattice QCD. PubMed Bailey, Jon A; Bazavov, A; Bernard, C; Bouchard, C M; DeTar, C; Du, Daping; El-Khadra, A X; Freeland, E D; Gámiz, E; Gottlieb, Steven; Heller, U M; Kronfeld, A S; Laiho, J; Levkova, L; Liu, Yuzhi; Lunghi, E; Mackenzie, P B; Meurice, Y; Neil, E; Qiu, Si-Wei; Simone, J N; Sugar, R; Toussaint, D; Van de Water, R S; Zhou, Ran 2015-10-01 The rare decay B→πℓ^{+}ℓ^{-} arises from b→d flavor-changing neutral currents and could be sensitive to physics beyond the standard model. Here, we present the first ab initio QCD calculation of the B→π tensor form factor f_{T}. Together with the vector and scalar form factors f_{+} and f_{0} from our companion work [J. A. Bailey et al., Phys. Rev. D 92, 014024 (2015)], these parametrize the hadronic contribution to B→π semileptonic decays in any extension of the standard model. We obtain the total branching ratio BR(B^{+}→π^{+}μ^{+}μ^{-})=20.4(2.1)×10^{-9} in the standard model, which is the most precise theoretical determination to date, and agrees with the recent measurement from the LHCb experiment [R. Aaij et al., J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2012) 125]. PMID:26550717 7. Isospin mixing in the nucleon and He-4 and the nucleon strange electric form-factor SciTech Connect M. Viviani; R. Schiavilla; B. Kubis; R. Lewis; L. Girlanda; A. Kievsky; L.E. Marcucci; S. Rosati 2007-09-01 In order to isolate the contribution of the nucleon strange electric form factor to the parity-violating asymmetry measured in 4He(\\vec e,e')4He experiments, it is crucial to have a reliable estimate of the magnitude of isospin-symmetry-breaking (ISB) corrections in both the nucleon and 4He. We examine this issue in the present letter. Isospin admixtures in the nucleon are determined in chiral perturbation theory, while those in 4He are derived from nuclear interactions, including explicit ISB terms. A careful analysis of the model dependence in the resulting predictions for the nucleon and nuclear ISB contributions to the asymmetry is carried out. We conclude that, at the low momentum transfers of interest in recent measurements reported by the HAPPEX collaboration at Jefferson Lab, these contributions are of comparable magnitude to those associated with strangeness components in the nucleon electric form factor. 8. High-precision calculation of the strange nucleon electromagnetic form factors SciTech Connect Green, Jeremy; Meinel, Stefan; Engelhardt, Michael G.; Krieg, Stefan; Laeuchli, Jesse; Negele, John W.; Orginos, Kostas; Pochinsky, Andrew; Syritsyn, Sergey 2015-08-26 We report a direct lattice QCD calculation of the strange nucleon electromagnetic form factors GsE and GsM in the kinematic range 0 ≤ Q2 ≤ 1.2GeV2. For the first time, both GsE and GsM are shown to be nonzero with high significance. This work uses closer-to-physical lattice parameters than previous calculations, and achieves an unprecented statistical precision by implementing a recently proposed variance reduction technique called hierarchical probing. We perform model-independent fits of the form factor shapes using the z-expansion and determine the strange electric and magnetic radii and magnetic moment. As a result, we compare our results to parity-violating electron-proton scattering data and to other theoretical studies. 9. Electron-scattering form factors for 6Li in the ab initio symmetry-guided framework NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Dytrych, T.; Hayes, A. C.; Launey, K. D.; Draayer, J. P.; Maris, P.; Vary, J. P.; Langr, D.; Oberhuber, T. 2015-02-01 We present an ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell-model description for 6Li. We study the structure of the ground state of 6Li and the impact of the symmetry-guided space selection on the charge density components for this state in momentum space, including the effect of higher shells. We accomplish this by investigating the electron scattering charge form factor for momentum transfers up to q ˜4 fm-1 . We demonstrate that this symmetry-adapted framework can achieve significantly reduced dimensions for equivalent large shell-model spaces while retaining the accuracy of the form factor for any momentum transfer. These new results confirm the previous outcomes for selected spectroscopy observables in light nuclei, such as binding energies, excitation energies, electromagnetic moments, E 2 and M 1 reduced transition probabilities, as well as point-nucleon matter rms radii. 10. Nucleon electromagnetic form factors from lattice QCD using a nearly physical pion mass NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Green, J. R.; Negele, J. W.; Pochinsky, A. V.; Syritsyn, S. N.; Engelhardt, M.; Krieg, S. 2014-10-01 We present lattice QCD calculations of nucleon electromagnetic form factors using pion masses mπ=149, 202, and 254 MeV and an action with clover-improved Wilson quarks coupled to smeared gauge fields, as used by the Budapest-Marseille-Wuppertal Collaboration. Particular attention is given to the removal of the effects of excited-state contamination by calculations at three source-sink separations and the use of the summation and generalized pencil-of-function methods. The combination of a calculation at the nearly physical mass mπ=149 MeV in a large spatial volume (mπLs=4.2) and the removal of excited-state effects yields agreement with experiment for the electric and magnetic form factors GE(Q2) and GM(Q2) up to Q2=0.5 GeV2. 11. The Proton Coulomb Form Factor from Polarized Inclusive e-p Scattering SciTech Connect Chris Harris 2001-08-01 The proton form factors provide information on the fundamental properties of the proton and provide a test for models based on QCD. In 1998 at Jefferson Lab (JLAB) in Newport News, VA, experiment E93026 measured the inclusive e-p scattering cross section from a polarized ammonia (15NH3) target at a four momentum transfer squared of Q2 = 0.5 (GeV/c)2. Longitudinally polarized electrons were scattered from the polarized target and the scattered electron was detected. Data has been analyzed to obtain the asymmetry from elastically scattered electrons from hydrogen in 15NH3. The asymmetry, Ap, has been used to determine the proton elastic form factor GEp. The result is consistent with the dipole model and data from previous experiments. However, due to the choice of kinematics, the uncertainty in the measurement is large. 12. A study of the N to Delta transition form factors in full QCD SciTech Connect Constantia Alexandrou; Robert Edwards; Giannis Koutsou; Theodoros Leontiou; Hartmut Neff; John W. Negele; Wolfram Schroers; Antonios Tsapalis 2005-07-01 The N to Delta transition form factors GM1, GE2 and GC2 are evaluated using dynamical MILC configurations and valence domain wall fermions at three values of quark mass corresponding to pion mass 606 MeV, 502 MeV and 364 MeV on lattices of spatial size 20{sup 3} and 28{sup 3}. The unquenched results are compared to those obtained at similar pion mass in the quenched theory. 13. Measurement of the neutron electric form factor GEn in quasielastic scattering SciTech Connect Donal Day 2003-07-15 We have measured the electric form factor of the neutron, GEn, at two momentum transfers (Q2= 0.5 and Q2= 1.0 GeV/c2) through quasielastic scattering in Jefferson Lab's Hall C. Longitudinally polarized electrons scattered from polarized deuterated ammonia and GEn was extracted from the beam-target asymmetry AVed which, in quasielastic kinematics, is particularly sensitive to GEn and insensitive to MEC and FSI. 14. Extraction and interpretation of gammaN-->Delta form factors within a dynamical model SciTech Connect B. Juliá-Díaz, T.-S. H. Lee, T. Sato, and L. C. Smith 2007-01-01 Within the dynamical model of Refs. [Phys. Rev. C54, 2660 (1996); C63, 055201 (2001)], we perform an analysis of recent data of pion electroproduction reactions at energies near the {Delta}(1232) resonance. We discuss possible interpretations of the extracted bare and dressed {gamma} N {yields} {Delta} form factors in terms of relativistic constituent quark models and Lattice QCD calculations. Possible future developments are discussed. 15. K →π semileptonic form factors with Nf=2 +1 +1 twisted mass fermions NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Carrasco, N.; Lami, P.; Lubicz, V.; Riggio, L.; Simula, S.; Tarantino, C.; ETM Collaboration 2016-06-01 We present a lattice QCD determination of the vector and scalar form factors of the semileptonic K →π ℓν decay which are relevant for the extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vu s| from experimental data. Our results are based on the gauge configurations produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration with Nf=2 +1 +1 dynamical fermions, which include in the sea, besides two light mass degenerate quarks, also the strange and the charm quarks. We use data simulated at three different values of the lattice spacing and with pion masses as small as 210 MeV. Our final result for the vector form factor at zero momentum transfer is f+(0 )=0.9709 (46 ) , where the uncertainty is both statistical and systematic combined in quadrature. Using the latest experimental value of f+(0 )|Vu s| from Kℓ3 decays, we obtain |Vu s|=0.2230 (11 ) , which allows us to test the unitarity constraint of the Standard Model below the permille level once the determination of |Vu d| from superallowed nuclear β decays is adopted. A slight tension with unitarity at the level of ˜2 standard deviations is observed. Moreover, we present our results for the semileptonic scalar f0(q2) and vector f+(q2) form factors in the whole range of values of the squared four-momentum transfer q2 measured in Kℓ3 decays, obtaining a very good agreement with the momentum dependence of the experimental data. We provide a set of synthetic data points representing our results for the vector and scalar form factors at the physical point for several selected values of q2. 16. Measurement of the Hadronic Form Factors in Ds to phi e nu Decays SciTech Connect Serrano, J 2006-09-26 Based on the measured four-dimensional rate for D{sub s}{sup +} {yields} {phi}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e} decays, they have determined the ratios of the three hadronic form factors, {tau}{sub V} = V(0)/A{sub 1}(0) = 1.636 {+-} 0.067 {+-} 0.038 and {tau}{sub 2} = A{sub 2}(0)/A{sub 1}(0) = 0.705 {+-} 0.056 {+-} 0.029, using a simple pole ansatz for the q{sup 2} dependence, with fixed values of the pole masses for both the vector and axial form factors. By a separate fit to the same data, they have also extracted the pole mass for the axial form factors, m{sub A}: {tau}{sub V} = V(0)/A{sub 1}(0) = 1.633 {+-} 0.081 {+-} 0.068, {tau}{sub 2} = A{sub 2}(0)/A{sub 1}(0) = 0.711 {+-} 0.111 {+-} 0.096 and m{sub A} = (2.53{sub -0.35}{sup +0.54} {+-} 0.54)GeV/c{sup 2}. 17. Λb→pl⁻ν¯l form factors from lattice QCD with static b quarks DOE PAGESBeta Detmold, William; Lin, C.-J. David; Meinel, Stefan; Wingate, Matthew 2013-07-23 We present a lattice QCD calculation of form factors for the decay Λb→pμ⁻ν¯μ, which is a promising channel for determining the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vub| at the Large Hadron Collider. In this initial study we work in the limit of static b quarks, where the number of independent form factors reduces to two. We use dynamical domain-wall fermions for the light quarks, and perform the calculation at two different lattice spacings and at multiple values of the light-quark masses in a single large volume. Using our form factor results, we calculate the Λb→pμ⁻ν¯μ differential decay rate in the range 14more » GeV²≤q²≤q²max﻿, and obtain the integral ∫q²max 14 GeV²[dΓ/dq²]dq²/|Vub|²=15.3±4.2 ps⁻¹. Combined with future experimental data, this will give a novel determination of |Vub| with about 15% theoretical uncertainty. The uncertainty is dominated by the use of the static approximation for the b quark, and can be reduced further by performing the lattice calculation with a more sophisticated heavy-quark action.« less 18. Light meson electromagnetic form factors from three-flavor lattice QCD with exact chiral symmetry NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Aoki, S.; Cossu, G.; Feng, X.; Hashimoto, S.; Kaneko, T.; Noaki, J.; Onogi, T. 2016-02-01 We study the chiral behavior of the electromagnetic (EM) form factors of pions and kaons in three-flavor lattice QCD. In order to make a direct comparison of the lattice data with chiral perturbation theory (ChPT), we employ the overlap quark action that has exact chiral symmetry. Gauge ensembles are generated at a lattice spacing of 0.11 fm with four pion masses ranging between Mπ≃290 MeV and 540 MeV and with a strange quark mass ms close to its physical value. We utilize the all-to-all quark propagator technique to calculate the EM form factors with high precision. Their dependence on ms and on the momentum transfer is studied by using the reweighting technique and the twisted boundary conditions for the quark fields, respectively. A detailed comparison with SU(2) and SU(3) ChPT reveals that the next-to-next-to-leading order terms in the chiral expansion are important to describe the chiral behavior of the form factors in the pion mass range studied in this work. We estimate the relevant low-energy constants and the charge radii, and find reasonable agreement with phenomenological and experimental results. 19. Roles of Different Forms of Scale Factor in Non-linear Electrodynamics for Accelerating Universe NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Maity, Sayani; Debnath, Ujjal 2013-07-01 In this work, we have assumed the modified Lagrangian of non-linear electrodynamics for accelerated universe. The energy density and pressure for non-linear electromagnetic theory have been considered in terms of both electric and magnetic fields. The Einstein's filed equations have been considered in FRW universe for Hořava-Lifshitz gravity. Since we are considering the non-linear form of Lagrangian for accelerating universe, so four forms of scale factors like logamediate, intermediate, emergent and power law forms are chosen in our investigation. For every expansion, the natures of electric field and magnetic field have been shown through graphical representation. The electric and magnetic fields increase for logamediate, intermediate and emergent expansion and decrease in power law expansion. 20. Clean measurements of the nucleon axial-vector and free-neutron magnetic form factors SciTech Connect Deur, Alexandre P. 2013-11-01 We discuss the feasibility of a weak charged current experiment using a low energy electron beam. A first goal is to measure the Q^2 dependence of the axial-vector form factor g_a(Q^2). It can be measured model-independently and as robustly as for electromagnetic form factors from typical electron scattering experiments, in contrast to the methods used so far to measure g_a(Q^2). If g_a(Q^2) follows a dipole form, the axial mass can be extracted with a better accuracy than the world data altogether. The most important detection equipment would be a segmented neutron detector with good momentum and angular resolution that is symmetric about the beam direction, and covers a moderate angular range. A high intensity beam (100 uA) is necessary. Beam polarization is highly desirable as it provides a clean measurement of the backgrounds. Beam energies between 70 and 110 MeV are ideal. This range would provide a Q^2 mapping of g_a between 0.01 1. Phenomenological analysis of near-threshold periodic modulations of the proton timelike form factor NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bianconi, A.; Tomasi-Gustafsson, E. 2016-03-01 We have recently highlighted the presence of a periodically oscillating 10% modulation in the BABAR Collaboration data on the proton timelike form factors, expressing the deviations from the pointlike behavior of the proton-antiproton electromagnetic current in the reaction e++e-→p ¯+p . Here we deepen our previous data analysis and confirm that in the case of several standard parametrizations it is possible to write the form factor in the form F0+Fosc , where F0 is a parametrization expressing the long-range trend of the form factor (for q2 ranging from the p ¯p threshold to 36 GeV2), and Fosc is a function of the form exp(-B p )cos(C p ) , where p is the relative momentum of the final p ¯p pair. Error bars allow for a clean identification of the main features of this modulation for q2<10 GeV2 . Assuming this oscillatory modulation to be an effect of final-state interactions between the forming proton and the antiproton, we propose a phenomenological model based on a double-layer imaginary optical potential. This potential is flux absorbing when the distance between the proton and antiproton centers of mass is ≳1.7 - 1.8 fm and flux generating when it is ≲1.7 - 1.8 fm. The main features of the oscillations may be reproduced with some freedom in the potential parameters, but the transition between the two layers must be sudden (0-0.2 fm) to get the correct oscillation period. The flux-absorbing part of the p ¯p interaction is well known in the phenomenology of small-energy antiproton interactions and is due to the annihilation of p ¯p pairs into multimeson states. We interpret the flux-creating part of the potential as due to the creation of a 1 /q -ranged state when the virtual photon decays into a set of current quarks and antiquarks. This short-lived compact state may be expressed as a sum of several hadronic states including the ones with large mass Qn≫q , that may exist for a time t ˜1 /(Qn-q ) . The decay of these large-mass states leads to an 2. Nematicidal spore-forming Bacilli share similar virulence factors and mechanisms PubMed Central Zheng, Ziqiang; Zheng, Jinshui; Zhang, Zhengming; Peng, Donghai; Sun, Ming 2016-01-01 In the soil environment, Bacilli can affect nematode development, fecundity and survival. However, although many Bacillus species can kill nematodes, the virulence mechanisms Bacilli utilize remain unknown. In this study, we collected 120 strains comprising 30 species across the Bacillaceae and Paenibacillaceae families of the Bacillales order and measured their nematicidal activities in vitro. Comparison of these strains’ nematicidal capacities revealed that nine species, including Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. firmus, B. toyonensis, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Brevibacillus laterosporus and B. brevis, were highly nematicidal, the first of which showed the highest activity. Genome sequencing and analysis identified many potential virulence factors, which grouped into five types. At least four possible mechanisms were deduced on the basis of the combination of these factors and the bacterial nematicidal activity, including a pore-forming mechanism of crystal proteins, an inhibition-like mechanism of thuringiensin and a degradation mechanism of proteases and/or chitinases. Our results demonstrate that 120 spore-forming Bacilli across different families share virulence factors that may contribute to their nematicidal capacity. PMID:27539267 3. Nematicidal spore-forming Bacilli share similar virulence factors and mechanisms. PubMed Zheng, Ziqiang; Zheng, Jinshui; Zhang, Zhengming; Peng, Donghai; Sun, Ming 2016-01-01 In the soil environment, Bacilli can affect nematode development, fecundity and survival. However, although many Bacillus species can kill nematodes, the virulence mechanisms Bacilli utilize remain unknown. In this study, we collected 120 strains comprising 30 species across the Bacillaceae and Paenibacillaceae families of the Bacillales order and measured their nematicidal activities in vitro. Comparison of these strains' nematicidal capacities revealed that nine species, including Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. pumilus, B. firmus, B. toyonensis, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Brevibacillus laterosporus and B. brevis, were highly nematicidal, the first of which showed the highest activity. Genome sequencing and analysis identified many potential virulence factors, which grouped into five types. At least four possible mechanisms were deduced on the basis of the combination of these factors and the bacterial nematicidal activity, including a pore-forming mechanism of crystal proteins, an inhibition-like mechanism of thuringiensin and a degradation mechanism of proteases and/or chitinases. Our results demonstrate that 120 spore-forming Bacilli across different families share virulence factors that may contribute to their nematicidal capacity. PMID:27539267 4. The Use of Soil Forming Factors in the Development of Soil Taxonomy NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Bockheim, JG; Gennadiyev, AN; Hartemink, Alfred E.; Brevik, Eric C. 2014-05-01 The past and present roles of the five soil-forming factors in creating categories in USDA Soil Taxonomy have been analyzed. The factorial and genetic approach is clearly present in Soil Taxonomy, but was not so evident in the 7th Approximation of 1960. Soil climate is the most important factor in Soil Taxonomy. Climate is used at the highest level to define two of the 12 soil orders: Aridisols, the soils of the dry regions, and Gelisols, the permafrost-affected soils and is also used to differentiate suborders in eight of the remaining orders. Parent material is used to fully define two orders: Histosols and Andisols, and partially to define the suborders in the Entisol order (Fluvents, Psamments). Only one group of organisms, the worms (Verm-), is used at the great-group and subgroup levels in several orders. Relief and time are not used in defining taxa in Soil Taxonomy. Three of the eight epipedons are defined on the basis of parent material (folistic, histic, melanic), two on the basis of human activities (anthropic and plaggen), and two from the interaction of climate and vegetation (mollic and umbric). Of the 19 subsurface horizons, 11 originate from the interaction of climate and parent material. This analysis reveals there is an imbalance in the utilization of the soil-forming factors in Soil Taxonomy, with an emphasis on climate and parent material. 5. Resolving the Proton Form Factor Problem with Positron-Proton Scattering NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Weinstein, Lawrence 2012-10-01 The proton electromagnetic form factors are essential pieces of our knowledge of nucleon structure. However, Rosenbluth separation measurements of the proton electric form factor, GE(Q^2), differ from polarization transfer measurements by a factor of three at Q^2 = 5.6 (GeV/c)^2. This discrepancy must be resolved. One possible resolution is to include the contribution of hard two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions. These contributions are very difficult to calculate. However, we can directly determine the TPE effect by measuring the ratio of the positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections, R=σ(e^+p)/σ(e^-p), because the TPE amplitude has the same sign as the e^+p born amplitude and the opposite sign as the e^-p born amplitude. We have measured R over a wide range of momentum transfer, 0.2 <=Q^2 <=2 GeV^2, and virtual photon polarization, 0.1 <=ɛ<=0.9, using a mixed identical beam of electrons and positrons in Hall B at Jefferson Lab. This talk will describe the experimental techniques used to produce this beam, the analysis techniques to identify elastic scattering events, and some preliminary results. 6. Cluster form factor calculation in the ab initio no-core shell model SciTech Connect Navratil, Petr 2004-11-01 We derive expressions for cluster overlap integrals or channel cluster form factors for ab initio no-core shell model (NCSM) wave functions. These are used to obtain the spectroscopic factors and can serve as a starting point for the description of low-energy nuclear reactions. We consider the composite system and the target nucleus to be described in the Slater determinant (SD) harmonic oscillator (HO) basis while the projectile eigenstate to be expanded in the Jacobi coordinate HO basis. This is the most practical case. The spurious center of mass components present in the SD bases are removed exactly. The calculated cluster overlap integrals are translationally invariant. As an illustration, we present results of cluster form factor calculations for <{sup 5}He vertical bar{sup 4}He+n>, <{sup 5}He vertical bar{sup 3}H+d>, <{sup 6}Li vertical bar{sup 4}He+d>, <{sup 6}Be vertical bar{sup 3}He+{sup 3}He>, <{sup 7}Li vertical bar{sup 4}He+{sup 3}H>, <{sup 7}Li vertical bar{sup 6}Li+n>, <{sup 8}Be vertical bar{sup 6}Li+d>, <{sup 8}Be vertical bar{sup 7}Li+p>, <{sup 9}Li vertical bar{sup 8}Li+n>, and <{sup 13}C vertical bar{sup 12}C+n>, with all the nuclei described by multi-({Dirac_h}/2{pi}){omega} NCSM wave functions. 7. GM2 gangliosidoses in Spain: analysis of the HEXA and HEXB genes in 34 Tay-Sachs and 14 Sandhoff patients. PubMed Gort, Laura; de Olano, Natalia; Macías-Vidal, Judit; Coll, M A Josep 2012-09-10 The GM2 gangliosidoses are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage diseases caused by a deficiency of the β-hexosaminidase A enzyme. This enzyme is composed of two polypeptide chains designated the α- and β- subunits and it interacts with the GM2 activator protein. The HEXA and HEXB genes encode the α-subunit and the β-subunit, respectively. Mutations in these genes are causative of Tay-Sachs disease (HEXA) and Sandhoff disease (HEXB). We analyzed the complete HEXA gene in 34 Spanish patients with Tay-Sachs disease and the HEXB gene in 14 Spanish patients with Sandhoff disease. We identified 27 different mutations, 14 of which were novel, in the HEXA gene and 14 different mutations, 8 of which unreported until now, in the HEXB gene, and we attempted to correlate these mutations with the clinical presentation of the patients. We found a high frequency of c.459+5G>A (IVS4+5G>A) mutation in HEXA affected patients, 22 of 68 alleles, which represent the 32.4%. This is the highest percentage found of this mutation in a population. All patients homozygous for mutation c.459+5G>A presented with the infantile form of the disease and, as previously reported, patients carrying mutation p.R178H in at least one of the alleles presented with a milder form. In HEXB affected patients, the novel deletion c.171delG accounts for 21.4% of the mutant alleles (6/28). All patients with this deletion showed the infantile form of the disease. The Spanish GM2 gangliosidoses affected patients show a great mutational heterogeneity as seen in other inherited lisosomal diseases in this country. PMID:22789865 8. Form factor expansions in the 2D Ising model and Painlevé VI NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Mangazeev, Vladimir V.; Guttmann, Anthony J. 2010-10-01 We derive a Toda-type recurrence relation, in both high- and low-temperature regimes, for the λ-extended diagonal correlation functions C(N,N;λ) of the two-dimensional Ising model, using an earlier connection between diagonal form factor expansions and tau-functions within Painlevé VI (PVI) theory, originally discovered by Jimbo and Miwa. This greatly simplifies the calculation of the diagonal correlation functions, particularly their λ-extended counterparts. We also conjecture a closed form expression for the simplest off-diagonal case C(0,1;λ) where a connection to PVI theory is not known. Combined with the results for diagonal correlations these give all the initial conditions required for the λ-extended version of quadratic difference equations for the correlation functions discovered by McCoy, Perk and Wu. The results obtained here should provide a further potential algorithmic improvement in the λ-extended case, and facilitate other developments. 9. Two-photon exchange contribution to proton form factors in the time-like region SciTech Connect Chen, D. Y.; Dong, Y. B.; Zhou, H. Q. 2008-10-15 We estimate the two-photon exchange contribution to the process e{sup +}+e{sup -}{yields}p+p . The two-photon exchange corrections to double spin polarization observables and form factors in the time-like region are calculated. The corrections are found to be small in magnitude but with a strong angular dependence at fixed momentum transfer. These two features are the same as those in the space-like region. In future experiments, the double spin polarization observable P{sub z} deserves to be considered. 10. Valence quark contributions for the gamma N -> P11(1440) form factors SciTech Connect Gilberto Ramalho, Kazuo Tsushima 2010-04-01 Using a covariant spectator quark model we estimate valence quark contributions to the F_1*(Q2) and F2*(Q2) transition form factors for the gamma N -> P11(1440) reaction. The Roper resonance, P11(1440), is assumed to be the first radial excitation of the nucleon. The present model requires no extra parameters except for those already fixed by the previous studies for the nucleon. Our results are consistent with the experimental data in the high Q2 region, and those from lattice QCD. We also estimate the meson cloud contributions, focusing on the low Q2 region, where they are expected to be dominant. 11. Extraction of the Compton Form Factor H from DVCS measurements at Jefferson Lab SciTech Connect Moutarde, H 2009-05-01 In the framework of Generalised Parton Distributions, we study the helicity-dependent and independent cross sections measured in Hall A and the beam spin asymmetries measured in Hall B at Jefferson Laboratory. We perform a global fit of these data and fits on each kinematical bin. We extract the real and imaginary parts of the Compton Form Factor$\\mathcal{H}$under the main hypothesis of dominance of the Generalised Parton Distribution$H$and twist 2 accuracy. We discuss our results and compare to previous extractions as well as to the VGG model. We pay extra attention to the estimation of errors on the extraction of$\\mathcal{H}$. 12. K(13) FORM FACTOR WITH TWO FLAVORS OF DYNAMICAL DOMAIN WALL QUARKS. SciTech Connect SONI, A.; DAWSON, T.; IZUBUCHI, T.; KANEKO, T.; SASAKI, S. 2005-07-25 We report on our calculation of K {yields} {pi} vector form factor by numerical simulations of two-flavor QCD on a 16{sup 3} x 32 x 12 lattice at a {approx_equal} 0.12 fm using domain-wall quarks and DBW2 glue. Our preliminary result at a single sea quark mass corresponding to m{sub PS}/m{sub V} {approx_equal} 0.53 shows a good agreement with previous estimate in quenched QCD and that from a phenomenological model. 13. Trinucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors and the Light-Front Hamiltonian Dynamics SciTech Connect Baroncini, F.; Kievsky, A.; Pace, E.; Salme, G. 2008-10-13 This contribution briefly illustrates preliminary calculations of the electromagnetic form factors of {sup 3}He and {sup 3}H, obtained within the Light-front Relativistic Hamiltonian Dynamics, adopting i) a Poincare covariant current operator, without dynamical two-body currents, and ii) realistic nuclear bound states with S, P and D waves. The kinematical region of few (GeV/c){sup 2}, relevant for forthcoming TJLAB experiments, has been investigated, obtaining possible signatures of relativistic effects for Q{sup 2}>2.5(GeV/c){sup 2}. 14. Precise Determination of the Neutron Magnetic Form Factor to Higher Q{sup 2} SciTech Connect William K. Brooks; Jeffery D. Lachniet 2004-10-01 The neutron elastic magnetic form factor G{sub M}{sup n} has been extracted from quasielastic scattering from deuterium in the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer, CLAS. The kinematic coverage of the measurement is continuous over a broad range, extending from below 1 GeV{sup 2} to nearly 5 GeV{sup 2} in four-momentum transfer squared. High precision is achieved by employing a ratio technique in which most uncertainties cancel, and by a simultaneous in-situ calibration of the neutron detection efficiency, the largest correction to the data. Preliminary results are shown with statistical errors only. 15. Extraction of the Compton Form Factor H from DVCS Measurements in the Quark Sector SciTech Connect H. Moutarde 2011-10-01 Working at twist 2 accuracy and assuming the dominance of the Generalized Parton Distribution H we study the helicity-dependent and independent cross sections measured in Hall A, the beam spin asymmetries measured in Hall B at Jefferson Laboratory and beam charge, beam spin and target spin asymmetries measured by Hermes. We extract the real and imaginary parts of the Compton Form Factor H, the latter being obtained with a 20-50% uncertainty. We pay extra attention to the estimation of systematic errors on the extraction of H. We discuss our results and compare to other extractions as well as to the popular VGG model. 16. Extraction of the Compton Form Factor H from DVCS Measurements in the Quark Sector SciTech Connect Moutarde, H. 2011-10-24 Working at twist 2 accuracy and assuming the dominance of the Generalized Parton Distribution H we study the helicity-dependent and independent cross sections measured in Hall A, the beam spin asymmetries measured in Hall B at Jefferson Laboratory and beam charge, beam spin and target spin asymmetries measured by Hermes. We extract the real and imaginary parts of the Compton Form Factor H, the latter being obtained with a 20-50 % uncertainty. We pay extra attention to the estimation of systematic errors on the extraction of H. We discuss our results and compare to other extractions as well as to the popular VGG model. 17. Parity-Violating Electron Deuteron Scattering and the Proton's Neutral Weak Axial Vector Form Factor SciTech Connect Ito, Takeyasu; Averett, Todd; Barkhuff, David; Batigne, Guillaume; Beck, Douglas; Beise, Elizabeth; Blake, A.; Breuer, Herbert; Carr, Robert; Clasie, Benjamin; Covrig, Silviu; Danagoulian, Areg; Dodson, George; Dow, Karen; Dutta, Dipangkar; Farkhondeh, Manouchehr; Filippone, Bradley; FRANKLIN, W.; Furget, Christophe; Gao, Haiyan; Gao, Juncai; Gustafsson, Kenneth; Hannelius, Lars; Hasty, R.; Allen, Alice; Herda, M.C.; Jones, CE; King, Paul; Korsch, Wolfgang; Kowalski, Stanley; Kox, Serge; Kramer, Kevin; Lee, P.; Liu, Jinghua; Martin, Jeffery; McKeown, Robert; Mueller, B.; Pitt, Mark; Plaster, Bradley; Quemener, Gilles; Real, Jean-Sebastien; Ritter, J.; Roche, Julie; Savu, V.; Schiavilla, Rocco; Seely, Charles; Spayde, Damon; Suleiman, Riad; Taylor, S.; Tieulent, Raphael; Tipton, Bryan; Tsentalovich, E.; Wells, Steven; Yang, Bin; Yuan, Jing; Yun, Junho; Zwart, Townsend 2004-03-01 We report on a new measurement of the parity-violating asymmetry in quasielastic electron scattering from the deuteron at backward angles at Q2 = 0.038 (GeV/c)2. This quantity provides a determination of the neutral weak axial vector form factor of the nucleon, which can potentially receive large electroweak corrections. The measured asymmetry A = z3.51Â±0.57 (stat)Â±0.58 (syst) ppm is consistent with theoretical predictions. We also report on updated results of the previous experiment at Q2 = 0.091 (GeV/c)2, which are also consistent with theoretical predictions. 18. Global analysis of proton elastic form factor data with two-photon exchange corrections SciTech Connect J. Arrington; W. Melnitchouk; J. A. Tjon 2007-09-01 We use the world's data on elastic electron-proton scattering and calculations of two-photon exchange effects to extract corrected values of the proton's electric and magnetic form factors over the full Q^2 range of the existing data. Our analysis combines the corrected Rosenbluth cross section and polarization transfer data, and is the first extraction of G_Ep and G_Mp including explicit two-photon exchange corrections and their associated uncertainties. In addition, we examine the angular dependence of the corrected cross sections, and discuss the possible nonlinearities of the cross section as a function of epsilon. 19. Proton Form Factor Puzzle and the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) two-photon exchange experiment NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Rimal, Dipak The electromagnetic form factors are the most fundamental observables that encode information about the internal structure of the nucleon. The electric (GE) and the magnetic ( GM) form factors contain information about the spatial distribution of the charge and magnetization inside the nucleon. A significant discrepancy exists between the Rosenbluth and the polarization transfer measurements of the electromagnetic form factors of the proton. One possible explanation for the discrepancy is the contributions of two-photon exchange (TPE) effects. Theoretical calculations estimating the magnitude of the TPE effect are highly model dependent, and limited experimental evidence for such effects exists. Experimentally, the TPE effect can be measured by comparing the ratio of positron-proton elastic scattering cross section to that of the electron-proton [R = sigma(e +p)/sigma(e+p)]. The ratio R was measured over a wide range of kinematics, utilizing a 5.6 GeV primary electron beam produced by the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Lab. This dissertation explored dependence of R on kinematic variables such as squared four-momentum transfer (Q2) and the virtual photon polarization parameter (epsilon). A mixed electron-positron beam was produced from the primary electron beam in experimental Hall B. The mixed beam was scattered from a liquid hydrogen (LH2) target. Both the scattered lepton and the recoil proton were detected by the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The elastic events were then identified by using elastic scattering kinematics. This work extracted the Q2 dependence of R at high epsilon(epsilon > 0.8) and the$epsilon dependence of R at approx 0.85 GeV2. In these kinematics, our data confirm the validity of the hadronic calculations of the TPE effect by Blunden, Melnitchouk, and Tjon. This hadronic TPE effect, with additional corrections contributed by higher excitations of the intermediate state nucleon, largely

20. Energy-dependent dipole form factor in a QCD-inspired model

Bahia, C. A. S.; Broilo, M.; Luna, E. G. S.

2016-04-01

We consider the effect of an energy-dependent dipole form factor in the high-energy behavior of the forward amplitude. The connection between the semihard parton-level dynamics and the hadron-hadron scattering is established by an eikonal QCD-based model. Our results for the proton-proton (pp) and antiproton-proton (¯pp) total cross sections, σpp,\\bar{pp}tot(s), obtained using the CTEQ6L1 parton distribution function, are consistent with the recent data from the TOTEM experiment.

1. Measurement of the Form-Factor Ratios for D+ --> K¯*0e+νe

Aitala, E. M.; Amato, S.; Anjos, J. C.; Appel, J. A.; Ashery, D.; Banerjee, S.; Bediaga, I.; Blaylock, G.; Bracker, S. B.; Burchat, P. R.; Burnstein, R. A.; Carter, T.; Carvalho, H. S.; Copty, N. K.; Cremaldi, L. M.; Darling, C.; Denisenko, K.; Fernandez, A.; Fox, G.; Gagnon, G. P.; Gounder, K.; Halling, A. M.; Herrera, G.; Hurvits, G.; James, C.; Kasper, P. A.; Kwan, S.; Langs, D. C.; Leslie, J.; Lundberg, B.; Maytal-Beck, S.; Meadows, B.; de Mello Neto, J. R.; Mihalcea, D.; Milburn, R. H.; de Miranda, J. M.; Napier, A.; Nguyen, A.; D'Oliveira, A. B.; O'Shaughnessy, K.; Peng, K. C.; Perera, L. P.; Purohit, M. V.; Quinn, B.; Radeztsky, S.; Rafatian, A.; Reay, N. W.; Reidy, J. J.; Dos Reis, A. C.; Rubin, H. A.; Sanders, D. A.; Santha, A. K.; Santoro, A. F.; Schwartz, A. J.; Sheaff, M.; Sidwell, R. A.; Slaughter, A. J.; Sokoloff, M. D.; Solano, J.; Stanton, N. R.; Stenson, K.; Summers, D. J.; Takach, S.; Thorne, K.; Tripathi, A. K.; Watanabe, S.; Weiss-Babai, R.; Wiener, J.; Witchey, N.; Wolin, E.; Yi, D.; Yoshida, S.; Zaliznyak, R.; Zhang, C.

1998-02-01

We present a measurement of the form-factor ratios rV = V\$$0\$$/A1\$$0\$$ and r2 = A2\$$0\$$/A1\$$0\$$ for the decay D+-->K¯ *0e+νe. The measurement is based on a signal of approximately 3000 D+-->K¯ *0e+νe, K¯ *0-->K-π+ decays reconstructed in data from charm hadroproduction experiment E791 at Fermilab. The results are rV = 1.84+/-0.11+/-0.08 and r2 = 0.71+/-0.08+/-0.09.

2. Measurement of the form-factor ratios for D+s-- >φl+νl

E791 Collaboration; Aitala, E. M.; Amato, S.; Anjos, J. C.; Appel, J. A.; Ashery, D.; Banerjee, S.; Bediaga, I.; Blaylock, G.; Bracker, S. B.; Burchat, P. R.; Burnstein, R. A.; Carter, T.; Carvalho, H. S.; Copty, N. K.; Cremaldi, L. M.; Darling, C.; Denisenko, K.; Fernandez, A.; Fox, G. F.; Gagnon, P.; Gobel, C.; Gounder, K.; Halling, A. M.; Herrera, G.; Hurvits, G.; James, C.; Kasper, P. A.; Kwan, S.; Langs, D. C.; Leslie, J.; Lundberg, B.; Maytal-Beck, S.; Meadows, B.; de Mello Neto, J. R. T.; Mihalcea, D.; Milburn, R. H.; de Miranda, J. M.; Napier, A.; Nguyen, A.; D'Oliveira, A. B.; O'Shaughnessy, K.; Peng, K. C.; Perera, L. P.; Purohit, M. V.; Quinn, B.; Radeztsky, S.; Rafatian, A.; Reay, N. W.; Reidy, J. J.; Dos Reis, A. C.; Rubin, H. A.; Sanders, D. A.; Santha, A. K. S.; Santoro, A. F. S.; Schwartz, A. J.; Sheaff, M.; Sidwell, R. A.; Slaughter, A. J.; Sokoloff, M. D.; Solano, J.; Stanton, N. R.; Stefanski, R. J.; Stenson, K.; Summers, D. J.; Takach, S.; Thorne, K.; Tripathi, A. K.; Watanabe, S.; Weiss-Babai, R.; Wiener, J.; Witchey, N.; Wolin, E.; Yang, S. M.; Yi, D.; Yoshida, S.; Zaliznyak, R.; Zhang, C.

1999-03-01

We have measured the form factor ratios rV=V(0)/A1(0) and r2=A2(0)/A1(0) for the decay Ds+-->φ l+ νl, φ-->K+ K-, using data from charm hadroproduction experiment E791 at Fermilab. Results are based on 144 signal and 22 background events in the electron channel and 127 signal and 34 background events in the muon channel. We combine the measurements from both lepton channels to obtain rV=2.27+/-0.35+/-0.22 and r2=1.57+/-0.25+/-0.19.

3. All tree-level MHV form factors in N = 4 SYM from twistor space

Koster, Laura; Mitev, Vladimir; Staudacher, Matthias; Wilhelm, Matthias

2016-06-01

We incorporate all gauge-invariant local composite operators into the twistor-space formulation of N = 4 SYM theory, detailing and expanding on ideas we presented recently in [1]. The vertices for these operators contain infinitely many terms and we show how they can be constructed by taking suitable derivatives of a light-like Wilson loop in twistor space and shrinking it down to a point. In particular, these vertices directly yield the tree-level MHV super form factors of all composite operators in N = 4 SYM theory.

4. Measurement of the gamma gamma* --> eta and gamma gamma* --> eta' transition form factors

SciTech Connect

del Amo Sanchez et al, P.

2011-02-07

We study the reactions e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} e{sup +}e{sup -} {eta}{sup (/)} in the single-tag mode and measure the {gamma}{gamma}* {yields} {eta}{sup (/)} transition form factors in the momentum transfer range from 4 to 40 GeV{sup 2}. The analysis is based on 469 fb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity collected at PEP-II with the BABAR detector at e{sup +}e{sup -} center-of-mass energies near 10.6 GeV.

5. The Form Factors of the Gauge-Invariant Three-Gluon Vertex

SciTech Connect

Binger, Michael; Brodsky, Stanley J.

2006-02-24

The gauge-invariant three-gluon vertex obtained from the pinch technique is characterized by thirteen nonzero form factors, which are given in complete generality for unbroken gauge theory at one loop. The results are given in d dimensions using both dimensional regularization and dimensional reduction, including the effects of massless gluons and arbitrary representations of massive gauge bosons, fermions, and scalars. We find interesting relations between the functional forms of the contributions from gluons, quarks, and scalars. These relations hold only for the gauge-invariant pinch technique vertex and are d-dimensional incarnations of supersymmetric nonrenormalization theorems which include finite terms. The form factors are shown to simplify for N = 1, 2, and 4 supersymmetry in various dimensions. In four-dimensional non-supersymmetric theories, eight of the form factors have the same functional form for massless gluons, quarks, and scalars, when written in a physically motivated tensor basis. For QCD, these include the tree-level tensor structure which has prefactor {beta}{sub 0} = (11N{sub c}-2N{sub f})/3, another tensor with prefactor 4N{sub c} - N{sub f}, and six tensors with N{sub c} - N{sub f}. In perturbative calculations our results lead naturally to an effective coupling for the three-gluon vertex, {tilde {alpha}}(k{sub 1}{sup 2}, k{sub 2}{sup 2}, k{sub 3}{sup 2}), which depends on three momenta and gives rise to an effective scale Q{sub eff}{sup 2} (k{sub 1}{sup 2}, k{sub 2}{sup 2}, k{sub 3}{sup 2}) which governs the behavior of the vertex. The effects of nonzero internal masses M are important and have a complicated threshold and pseudo-threshold structure. A three-scale effective number of flavors N{sub F}(k{sub 1}{sup 2}/M{sup 2}, k{sub 2}{sup 2}/M{sup 2}, k{sub 3}{sup 2}/M{sup 2}) is defined. The results of this paper are an important part of a gauge-invariant dressed skeleton expansion and a related multi-scale analytic renormalization scheme

6. Palmitoleate is a mitogen, formed upon stimulation with growth factors, and converted to palmitoleoyl-phosphatidylinositol.

PubMed

Koeberle, Andreas; Shindou, Hideo; Harayama, Takeshi; Shimizu, Takao

2012-08-01

Controversial correlations between biological activity and concentration of the novel lipokine palmitoleate (9Z-hexadecenoate, 16:1) might depend on the formation of an active 16:1 metabolite. For its identification, we analyzed the glycerophospholipid composition of mouse Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts in response to 16:1 using LC-MS/MS. 16:1 was either supplemented to the cell culture medium or endogenously formed when cells were stimulated with insulin or growth factors as suggested by the enhanced mRNA expression of 16:1-biosynthetic enzymes. The proportion of 1-acyl-2-16:1-sn-phosphatidylinositol (16:1-PI) was time-dependently and specifically increased relative to other glycerophospholipids under both conditions and correlated with the proliferation of fatty acid (16:1, palmitate, oleate, or arachidonate)-supplemented cells. Accordingly, cell proliferation was impaired by blocking 16:1 biosynthesis using the selective stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 inhibitor CAY10566 and restored by supplementation of 16:1. The accumulation of 16:1-PI occurred throughout cellular compartments and within diverse mouse cell lines (Swiss 3T3, NIH-3T3, and 3T3-L1 cells). To elucidate further whether 16:1-PI is formed through the de novo or remodeling pathway of PI biosynthesis, phosphatidate levels and lyso-PI-acyltransferase activities were analyzed as respective markers. The proportion of 16:1-phosphatidate was significantly increased by insulin and growth factors, whereas lyso-PI-acyltransferases showed negligible activity for 16:1-coenzyme A. The relevance of the de novo pathway for 16:1-PI biosynthesis is supported further by the comparable incorporation rate of deuterium-labeled 16:1 and tritium-labeled inositol into PI for growth factor-stimulated cells. In conclusion, we identified 16:1 or 16:1-PI as mitogen whose biosynthesis is induced by growth factors. PMID:22700983

7. Factorial invariance of the Five-Factor Model Rating Form across gender.

PubMed

Samuel, Douglas B; South, Susan C; Griffin, Sarah A

2015-02-01

The Five-Factor Model Rating Form (FFMRF) provides a brief, one-page assessment of the Five-Factor Model. An important and unique aspect of the FFMRF is that it is the only brief measure that includes scales for the 30 facets proposed by Costa and McCrae. The current study builds on existing validity support for the FFMRF by evaluating its factorial invariance across gender within a sample of 699 undergraduate students. Consistent with other measures of the Five-Factor Model, men scored lower than women on the domains of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness but slightly higher on openness. The novel contribution of the current study is the use of exploratory structural equation modeling to determine that the FFMRF displayed a five-factor structure that demonstrated strong measurement invariance across gender. This factorial invariance adds important support for the validity of the FFMRF as a self-report measure as it indicates that the scores assess the same latent constructs in men and women. Although future work is needed to clarify some facet-level findings and evaluate for potential predictive biases, the present results add to the increasing body of research supporting the validity of the FFMRF as a self-report measure of personality. PMID:24891427

8. Accurate measurement of the x-ray coherent scattering form factors of tissues

King, Brian W.

The material dependent x-ray scattering properties of tissues are determined by their scattering form factors, measured as a function of the momentum transfer argument, x. Incoherent scattering form factors, Finc, are calculable for all values of x while coherent scattering form factors, Fcoh, cannot be calculated except at large C because of their dependence on long range order. As a result, measuring Fcoh is very important to the developing field of x-ray scatter imaging. Previous measurements of Fcoh, based on crystallographic techniques, have shown significant variability, as these methods are not optimal for amorphous materials. Two methods of measuring F coh, designed with amorphous materials in mind, are developed in this thesis. An angle-dispersive technique is developed that uses a polychromatic x-ray beam and a large area, energy-insensitive detector. It is shown that Fcoh can be measured in this system if the incident x-ray spectrum is known. The problem is ill-conditioned for typical x-ray spectra and two numerical methods of dealing with the poor conditioning are explored. It is shown that these techniques work best with K-edge filters to limit the spectral width and that the accuracy degrades for strongly ordered materials. Measurements of width Fcoh for water samples are made using 50, 70 and 92 kVp spectra. The average absolute relative difference in Fcoh between our results and the literature for water is approximately 10-15%. Similar measurements for fat samples were made and found to be qualitatively similar to results in the literature, although there is very large variation between the literature values in this case. The angle-dispersive measurement is limited to low resolution measurements of the coherent scattering form factor although it is more accessible than traditional measurements because of the relatively commonplace equipment requirements. An energy-dispersive technique is also developed that uses a polychromatic x-ray beam and an

9. Does Repair of a Hill-Sachs Defect Increase Stability at the Glenohumeral Joint?

PubMed Central

Bakshi, Neil K.; Jolly, John T.; Debski, Richard E.; Sekiya, Jon K.

2016-01-01

10. Development of a Short Form of the Five-Factor Borderline Inventory.

PubMed

DeShong, Hilary L; Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N; Miller, Joshua D; Widiger, Thomas A; Lynam, Donald R

2016-06-01

The Five-Factor Borderline Inventory (FFBI) is a 120-item dimensional measure of borderline personality disorder (BPD) that was developed from the description of BPD from the perspective of the Five-Factor Model. The FFBI includes 12 subscales and 1 total score. The current study created a short form of the FFBI (FFBI-SF) using item response theory analyses based on an undergraduate student sample that completed the FFBI. Based on the results, the final FFBI-SF included 48 items, with 4 items per subscale. The construct validity of the short form was compared with the original FFBI in five additional samples. The FFBI-SF showed strong convergence with other BPD scales and comparable convergent and discriminant validity with the FFM compared with the FFBI. The correlational profiles generated by the total score and subscales were highly convergent. Results of the current study suggest that the FFBI-SF may be an accessible and useful assessment tool of BPD. PMID:25882163

11. Extraction of Electromagnetic Transition Form Factors for Nucleon Resonances within a Dynamical Coupled-Channels Model

SciTech Connect

N. Suzuki, T. Sato, T.-S. H. Lee

2010-10-01

We explain the application of a recently developed analytic continuation method to extract the electromagnetic transition form factors for the nucleon resonances ($N^*$) within a dynamical coupled-channel model of meson-baryon reactions.Illustrative results of the obtained $N^*\\rightarrow \\gamma N$ transition form factors, defined at the resonance pole positions on the complex energy plane, for the well isolated $P_{33}$ and $D_{13}$, and the complicated $P_{11}$ resonances are presented. A formula has been developed to give an unified representation of the effects due to the first two $P_{11}$ poles, which are near the $\\pi\\Delta$ threshold, but are on different Riemann sheets. We also find that a simple formula, with its parameters determined in the Laurent expansions of $\\pi N \\rightarrow \\pi N$ and $\\gamma N \\rightarrow\\pi N$ amplitudes, can reproduce to a very large extent the exact solutions of the considered model at energies near the real parts of the extracted resonance positions. We indicate the differences between our results and those extracted from the approaches using the Breit-Wigner parametrization of resonant amplitudes to fit the data.

12. $B\\to\\pi\\ell\\ell$ Form Factors for New-Physics Searches from Lattice QCD

SciTech Connect

Bailey, Jon A.

2015-10-07

The rare decay B→πℓ+- arises from b→d flavor-changing neutral currents and could be sensitive to physics beyond the standard model. Here, we present the first ab initio QCD calculation of the B→π tensor form factor fT. Together with the vector and scalar form factors f+ and f0 from our companion work [J. A. Bailey et al., Phys. Rev. D 92, 014024 (2015)], these parametrize the hadronic contribution to B→π semileptonic decays in any extension of the standard model. We obtain the total branching ratio BR(B+→π+μ+μ-)=20.4(2.1)×10-9 in the standard model, which is the most precise theoretical determination to date, and agrees with the recent measurement from the LHCb experiment [R. Aaij et al., J. High Energy Phys. 12 (2012) 125].

13. Towards a Resolution of the Proton Form Factor Problem: New Electron and Positron Scattering Data

Adikaram, D.; Rimal, D.; Weinstein, L. B.; Raue, B.; Khetarpal, P.; Bennett, R. P.; Arrington, J.; Brooks, W. K.; Adhikari, K. P.; Afanasev, A. V.; Amaryan, M. J.; Anderson, M. D.; Anefalos Pereira, S.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Battaglieri, M.; Bedlinskiy, I.; Biselli, A. S.; Bono, J.; Boiarinov, S.; Briscoe, W. J.; Burkert, V. D.; Carman, D. S.; Careccia, S.; Celentano, A.; Chandavar, S.; Charles, G.; Colaneri, L.; Cole, P. L.; Contalbrigo, M.; Crede, V.; D'Angelo, A.; Dashyan, N.; De Vita, R.; De Sanctis, E.; Deur, A.; Djalali, C.; Dodge, G. E.; Dupre, R.; Egiyan, H.; El Alaoui, A.; El Fassi, L.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Eugenio, P.; Fedotov, G.; Fegan, S.; Filippi, A.; Fleming, J. A.; Fradi, A.; Garillon, B.; Gilfoyle, G. P.; Giovanetti, K. L.; Girod, F. X.; Goetz, J. T.; Gohn, W.; Golovatch, E.; Gothe, R. W.; Griffioen, K. A.; Guegan, B.; Guidal, M.; Guo, L.; Hafidi, K.; Hakobyan, H.; Hanretty, C.; Harrison, N.; Hattawy, M.; Hicks, K.; Holtrop, M.; Hughes, S. M.; Hyde, C. E.; Ilieva, Y.; Ireland, D. G.; Ishkhanov, B. S.; Jenkins, D.; Jiang, H.; Jo, H. S.; Joo, K.; Joosten, S.; Kalantarians, N.; Keller, D.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, A.; Kim, W.; Klein, A.; Klein, F. J.; Koirala, S.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuhn, S. E.; Livingston, K.; Lu, H. Y.; MacGregor, I. J. D.; Markov, N.; Mattione, P.; Mayer, M.; McKinnon, B.; Mestayer, M. D.; Meyer, C. A.; Mirazita, M.; Mokeev, V.; Montgomery, R. A.; Moody, C. I.; Moutarde, H.; Movsisyan, A.; Camacho, C. Munoz; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Osipenko, M.; Ostrovidov, A. I.; Park, K.; Pasyuk, E.; Peña, C.; Pisano, S.; Pogorelko, O.; Price, J. W.; Procureur, S.; Prok, Y.; Protopopescu, D.; Puckett, A. J. R.; Ripani, M.; Rizzo, A.; Rosner, G.; Rossi, P.; Roy, P.; Sabatié, F.; Salgado, C.; Schott, D.; Schumacher, R. A.; Seder, E.; Sharabian, Y. G.; Simonyan, A.; Skorodumina, I.; Smith, E. S.; Smith, G. D.; Sober, D. I.; Sokhan, D.; Sparveris, N.; Stepanyan, S.; Stoler, P.; Strauch, S.; Sytnik, V.; Taiuti, M.; Tian, Ye; Trivedi, A.; Ungaro, M.; Voskanyan, H.; Voutier, E.; Walford, N. K.; Watts, D. P.; Wei, X.; Wood, M. H.; Zachariou, N.; Zana, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, Z. W.; Zonta, I.; CLAS Collaboration

2015-02-01

There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, GEp, extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can significantly affect the extraction of GEp from the unpolarized electron-proton cross sections. We determined the TPE contribution by measuring the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections using a simultaneous, tertiary electron-positron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target and detecting the scattered particles in the Jefferson Lab CLAS detector. This novel technique allowed us to cover a wide range in virtual photon polarization (ɛ ) and momentum transfer (Q2) simultaneously, as well as to cancel luminosity-related systematic errors. The cross section ratio increases with decreasing ɛ at Q2=1.45 GeV2 . This measurement is consistent with the size of the form factor discrepancy at Q2≈1.75 GeV2 and with hadronic calculations including nucleon and Δ intermediate states, which have been shown to resolve the discrepancy up to 2 - 3 GeV2 .

14. Proton form factors and two-photon exchange in elastic electron-proton scattering

SciTech Connect

Nikolenko, D. M.; Arrington, J.; Barkov, L. M.; Vries, H. de; Gauzshtein, V. V.; Golovin, R. A.; Gramolin, A. V.; Dmitriev, V. F.; Zhilich, V. N.; Zevakov, S. A.; Kaminsky, V. V.; Lazarenko, B. A.; Mishnev, S. I.; Muchnoi, N. Yu.; Neufeld, V. V.; Rachek, I. A.; Sadykov, R. Sh.; Stibunov, V. N.; Toporkov, D. K.; Holt, R. J.; and others

2015-05-15

Proton electromagnetic form factors are among the most important sources of information about the internal structure of the proton. Two different methods for measuring these form factors, the method proposed by Rosenbluth and the polarization-transfer method, yield contradictory results. It is assumed that this contradiction can be removed upon taking into account the hard part of the contribution of two-photon exchange to the cross section for elastic electron-proton scattering. This contribution can measured experimentally via a precision comparison of the cross sections for the elastic scattering of positrons and electrons on protons. Such a measurement, performed at the VEPP-3 storage ring in Novosibirsk at the beam energies of 1.6 and 1.0 GeV for positron (electron) scattering angles in the ranges of θ{sub e} = 15°–25° and 55°–75° in the first case and in the range of θ{sub e} = 65°–105° in the second case is described in the present article. Preliminary results of this experiment and their comparison with theoretical predictions are described.

15. Proton Magnetic Form Factor from Existing Elastic e-p Cross Section Data

Ou, Longwu; Christy, Eric; Gilad, Shalev; Keppel, Cynthia; Schmookler, Barak; Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan

2015-04-01

The proton magnetic form factor GMp, in addition to being an important benchmark for all cross section measurements in hadron physics, provides critical information on proton structure. Extraction of GMp from e-p cross section data is complicated by two-photon exchange (TPE) effects, where available calculations still have large theoretical uncertainties. Studies of TPE contributions to e-p scattering have observed no nonlinear effects in Rosenbluth separations. Recent theoretical investigations show that the TPE correction goes to 0 when ɛ approaches 1, where ɛ is the virtual photon polarization parameter. In this talk, existing e-p elastic cross section data are reanalyzed by extrapolating the reduced cross section for ɛ approaching 1. Existing polarization transfer data, which is supposed to be relatively immune to TPE effects, are used to produce a ratio of electric and magnetic form factors. The extrapolated reduced cross section and polarization transfer ratio are then used to calculate GEp and GMp at different Q2 values.

16. Towards a Resolution of the Proton Form Factor Problem: New Electron and Positron Scattering Data

SciTech Connect

Adikaram, D.; Rimal, D.; Weinstein, L. B.; Raue, B.; Khetarpal, P.; Bennett, R. P.; Arrington, J.; Brooks, W. K.; Adhikari, K. P.; Afanasev, A. V.; Dupre, R.; El Alaoui, A.; El Fassi, L.; Hafidi, K.; Moody, C. I.

2015-02-10

There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, G(E)(p), extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can significantly affect the extraction of G(E)(p). from the unpolarized electron-proton cross sections. We determined the TPE contribution by measuring the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections using a simultaneous, tertiary electron-positron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target and detecting the scattered particles in the Jefferson Lab CLAS detector. This novel technique allowed us to cover a wide range in virtual photon polarization (epsilon) and momentum transfer (Q(2)) simultaneously, as well as to cancel luminosity-related systematic errors. The cross section ratio increases with decreasing epsilon at Q(2) = 1.45 GeV2. This measurement is consistent with the size of the form factor discrepancy at Q(2) approximate to 1.75 GeV2 and with hadronic calculations including nucleon and Delta intermediate states, which have been shown to resolve the discrepancy up to 2-3 GeV2.

17. Towards a Resolution of the Proton Form Factor Problem: New Electron and Positron Scattering Data

SciTech Connect

Adikaram, D.; Rimal, D.; Weinstein, L. B.; Raue, B.; Khetarpal, P.; Bennett, R.; Arrington, J.; Brooks, W.; Adhikari, K.; Afanasev, A.; Amaryan, M.; Anderson, M.; Anefalos Pereira, S.; Avakian, H.; Ball, J.; Battaglieri, M.; Bedlinskiy, I.; Biselli, A.; Bono, J.; Boiarinov, S.; Briscoe, W.; Burkert, V.; Carman, D.; Careccia, S.; Celentano, A.; Chandavar, S.; Charles, G.; Colaneri, L.; Cole, P.; Contalbrigo, M.; Crede, V.; D'Angelo, A.; Dashyan, N.; De Vita, R.; De Sanctis, E.; Deur, A.; Djalali, C.; Dodge, G.; Dupre, R.; Egiyan, H.; El Alaoui, A.; El Fassi, L.; Elouadrhiri, L.; Eugenio, P.; Fedotov, G.; Fegan, S.; Filippi, A.; Fleming, J.; Fradi, A.; Garillon, B.; Gilfoyle, G.; Giovanetti, K.; Girod, F.; Goetz, J.; Gohn, W.; Golovatch, E.; Gothe, R.; Griffioen, K.; Guegan, B.; Guidal, M.; Guo, L.; Hafidi, K.; Hakobyan, H.; Hanretty, C.; Harrison, N.; Hattawy, M.; Hicks, K.; Holtrop, M.; Hughes, S.; Hyde, C. E.; Ilieva, Y.; Ireland, D.; Ishkhanov, B.; Jenkins, D.; Jiang, H.; Jo, H.; Joo, K.; Joosten, S.; Kalantarians, N.; Keller, D.; Khandaker, M.; Kim, A.; Kim, W.; Klein, A.; Klein, F.; Koirala, S.; Kubarovsky, V.; Kuhn, S.; Livingston, K.; Lu, H.; MacGregor, I.; Markov, N.; Mattione, P.; Mayer, M.; McKinnon, B.; Mestayer, M.; Meyer, C.; Mirazita, M.; Mokeev, V.; Montgomery, R.; Moody, C.; Moutarde, H.; Movsisyan, A.; Camacho, C. Munoz; Nadel-Turonski, P.; Niccolai, S.; Niculescu, G.; Osipenko, M.; Ostrovidov, A.; Park, K.; Pasyuk, E.; Pisano, S.; Pogorelko, O.; Price, J.; Procureur, S.; Prok, Y.; Protopopescu, D.; Puckett, A.; Ripani, M.; Rizzo, A.; Rosner, G.; Rossi, P.; Roy, P.; Sabati, F.; Salgado, C.; Schott, D.; Schumacher, R.; Seder, E.; Sharabian, Y.; Simonyan, A.; Skorodumina, I.; Smith, E.; Smith, G.; Sober, D.; Sokhan, D.; Sparveris, N.; Stepanyan, S.; Stoler, P.; Strauch, S.; Sytnik, V.; Taiuti, M.; Tian, Ye; Trivedi, A.; Ungaro, M.; Voskanyan, H.; Voutier, E.; Walford, N.; Watts, D.; Wei, X.; Wood, M.; Zachariou, N.; Zana, L.; Zhang, J.; Zhao, Z.; Zonta, I.

2015-02-10

There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, GpE, extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can significantly affect the extraction of GpE from the unpolarized electron-proton cross sections. We determined the TPE contribution by measuring the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections using a simultaneous, tertiary electron-positron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target and detecting the scattered particles in the Jefferson Lab CLAS detector. This novel technique allowed us to cover a wide range in virtual photon polarization (epsilon) and momentum transfer (Q2) simultaneously, as well as to cancel luminosity-related systematic errors. The cross section ratio increases with decreasing ε at Q2=1.45 GeV2. This measurement is consistent with the size of the form factor discrepancy at Q2≈1.75 GeV2 and with hadronic calculations including nucleon and Delta intermediate states, which have been shown to resolve the discrepancy up to 2-3 GeV2.

18. Towards a Resolution of the Proton Form Factor Problem: New Electron and Positron Scattering Data

DOE PAGESBeta

Adikaram, D.; Rimal, D.; Weinstein, L. B.; Raue, B.; Khetarpal, P.; Bennett, R.; Arrington, J.; Brooks, W.; Adhikari, K.; Afanasev, A.; et al

2015-02-10

There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, GpE, extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can significantly affect the extraction of GpE from the unpolarized electron-proton cross sections. We determined the TPE contribution by measuring the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections using a simultaneous, tertiary electron-positron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target and detecting the scattered particles in the Jefferson Lab CLAS detector. This novel technique allowed us to cover a wide range in virtual photon polarization (epsilon) and momentummore » transfer (Q2) simultaneously, as well as to cancel luminosity-related systematic errors. The cross section ratio increases with decreasing ε at Q2=1.45 GeV2. This measurement is consistent with the size of the form factor discrepancy at Q2≈1.75 GeV2 and with hadronic calculations including nucleon and Delta intermediate states, which have been shown to resolve the discrepancy up to 2-3 GeV2.« less

19. Mutant forms of growth factor-binding protein-2 reverse BCR-ABL-induced transformation.

PubMed Central

Gishizky, M L; Cortez, D; Pendergast, A M

1995-01-01

Growth factor-binding protein 2 (Grb2) is an adaptor protein that links tyrosine kinases to Ras. BCR-ABL is a tyrosine kinase oncoprotein that is implicated in the pathogenesis of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1)-positive leukemias. Grb2 forms a complex with BCR-ABL and the nucleotide exchange factor Sos that leads to the activation of the Ras protooncogene. In this report we demonstrate that Grb2 mutant proteins lacking amino- or carboxyl-terminal src homology SH3 domains suppress BCR-ABL-induced Ras activation and reverse the oncogenic phenotype. The Grb2 SH3-deletion mutant proteins bind to BCR-ABL and do not impair tyrosine kinase activity. Expression of the Grb2 SH3-deletion mutant proteins in BCR-ABL-transformed Rat-1 fibroblasts and in the human Ph1-positive leukemic cell line K562 inhibits their ability to grow as foci in soft agar and form tumors in nude mice. Furthermore, expression of the Grb2 SH3-deletion mutants in K562 cells induced their differentiation. Because Ras plays an important role in signaling by receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases, the use of interfering mutant Grb2 proteins may be applied to block the proliferation of other cancers that depend in part on activated tyrosine kinases for growth. Images Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 PMID:7479904

20. Measurement of the form-factor ratios for D+-->K¯*0l +νl

Fermilab E791 Collaboration; Aitala, E. M.; Amato, S.; Anjos, J. C.; Appel, J. A.; Ashery, D.; Banerjee, S.; Bediaga, I.; Blaylock, G.; Bracker, S. B.; Burchat, P. R.; Burnstein, R. A.; Carter, T.; Carvalho, H. S.; Copty, N. K.; Cremaldi, L. M.; Darling, C.; Denisenko, K.; Fernandez, A.; Fox, G. F.; Gagnon, P.; Gobel, C.; Gounder, K.; Halling, A. M.; Herrera, G.; Hurvits, G.; James, C.; Kasper, P. A.; Kwan, S.; Langs, D. C.; Leslie, J.; Lundberg, B.; Maytal-Beck, S.; Meadows, B.; de Mello Neto, J. R. T.; Mihalcea, D.; Milburn, R. H.; de Miranda, J. M.; Napier, A.; Nguyen, A.; D'Oliveira, A. B.; O'Shaughnessy, K.; Peng, K. C.; Perera, L. P.; Purohit, M. V.; Quinn, B.; Radeztsky, S.; Rafatian, A.; Reay, N. W.; Reidy, J. J.; Dos Reis, A. C.; Rubin, H. A.; Sanders, D. A.; Santha, A. K. S.; Santoro, A. F. S.; Schwartz, A. J.; Sheaff, M.; Sidwell, R. A.; Slaughter, A. J.; Sokoloff, M. D.; Solano, J.; Stanton, N. R.; Stefanski, R. J.; Stenson, K.; Summers, D. J.; Takach, S.; Thorne, K.; Tripathi, A. K.; Watanabe, S.; Weiss-Babai, R.; Wiener, J.; Witchey, N.; Wolin, E.; Yi, D.; Yang, S. M.; Yoshida, S.; Zaliznyak, R.; Zhang, C.

1998-11-01

The form factor ratios rV=V(0)/A1(0), r2=A2(0)/A1(0) and r3=A3(0)/A1(0) in the decay D+-->K¯*0l +νl, K¯*0-->K-π+ have been measured using data from charm hadroproduction experiment E791 at Fermilab. From 3034 (595) signal (background) events in the muon channel, we obtain rV=1.84+/-0.11+/-0.09, r2=0.75+/-0.08+/-0.09 and, as a first measurement of r3, we find 0.04+/-0.33+/-0.29. The values of the form factor ratios rV and r2 measured for the muon channel are combined with the values of rV and r2 that we have measured in the electron channel. The combined E791 results for the muon and electron channels are rV=1.87+/-0.08+/-0.07 and r2=0.73+/-0.06+/-0.08.

1. Towards a resolution of the proton form factor problem: new electron and positron scattering data.

PubMed

Adikaram, D; Rimal, D; Weinstein, L B; Raue, B; Khetarpal, P; Bennett, R P; Arrington, J; Brooks, W K; Adhikari, K P; Afanasev, A V; Amaryan, M J; Anderson, M D; Anefalos Pereira, S; Avakian, H; Ball, J; Battaglieri, M; Bedlinskiy, I; Biselli, A S; Bono, J; Boiarinov, S; Briscoe, W J; Burkert, V D; Carman, D S; Careccia, S; Celentano, A; Chandavar, S; Charles, G; Colaneri, L; Cole, P L; Contalbrigo, M; Crede, V; D'Angelo, A; Dashyan, N; De Vita, R; De Sanctis, E; Deur, A; Djalali, C; Dodge, G E; Dupre, R; Egiyan, H; El Alaoui, A; El Fassi, L; Elouadrhiri, L; Eugenio, P; Fedotov, G; Fegan, S; Filippi, A; Fleming, J A; Fradi, A; Garillon, B; Gilfoyle, G P; Giovanetti, K L; Girod, F X; Goetz, J T; Gohn, W; Golovatch, E; Gothe, R W; Griffioen, K A; Guegan, B; Guidal, M; Guo, L; Hafidi, K; Hakobyan, H; Hanretty, C; Harrison, N; Hattawy, M; Hicks, K; Holtrop, M; Hughes, S M; Hyde, C E; Ilieva, Y; Ireland, D G; Ishkhanov, B S; Jenkins, D; Jiang, H; Jo, H S; Joo, K; Joosten, S; Kalantarians, N; Keller, D; Khandaker, M; Kim, A; Kim, W; Klein, A; Klein, F J; Koirala, S; Kubarovsky, V; Kuhn, S E; Livingston, K; Lu, H Y; MacGregor, I J D; Markov, N; Mattione, P; Mayer, M; McKinnon, B; Mestayer, M D; Meyer, C A; Mirazita, M; Mokeev, V; Montgomery, R A; Moody, C I; Moutarde, H; Movsisyan, A; Camacho, C Munoz; Nadel-Turonski, P; Niccolai, S; Niculescu, G; Osipenko, M; Ostrovidov, A I; Park, K; Pasyuk, E; Peña, C; Pisano, S; Pogorelko, O; Price, J W; Procureur, S; Prok, Y; Protopopescu, D; Puckett, A J R; Ripani, M; Rizzo, A; Rosner, G; Rossi, P; Roy, P; Sabatié, F; Salgado, C; Schott, D; Schumacher, R A; Seder, E; Sharabian, Y G; Simonyan, A; Skorodumina, I; Smith, E S; Smith, G D; Sober, D I; Sokhan, D; Sparveris, N; Stepanyan, S; Stoler, P; Strauch, S; Sytnik, V; Taiuti, M; Tian, Ye; Trivedi, A; Ungaro, M; Voskanyan, H; Voutier, E; Walford, N K; Watts, D P; Wei, X; Wood, M H; Zachariou, N; Zana, L; Zhang, J; Zhao, Z W; Zonta, I

2015-02-13

There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, G(E)(p), extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can significantly affect the extraction of G(E)(p) from the unpolarized electron-proton cross sections. We determined the TPE contribution by measuring the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections using a simultaneous, tertiary electron-positron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target and detecting the scattered particles in the Jefferson Lab CLAS detector. This novel technique allowed us to cover a wide range in virtual photon polarization (ϵ) and momentum transfer (Q(2)) simultaneously, as well as to cancel luminosity-related systematic errors. The cross section ratio increases with decreasing ϵ at Q(2)=1.45  GeV(2). This measurement is consistent with the size of the form factor discrepancy at Q(2)≈1.75  GeV(2) and with hadronic calculations including nucleon and Δ intermediate states, which have been shown to resolve the discrepancy up to 2-3  GeV(2). PMID:25723209

2. Measurement of the Hadronic Form factor in D0 to K- e+ nu_e Decays

SciTech Connect

Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Boutigny, D.; Karyotakis, Y.; Lees, J.P.; Poireau, V.; Prudent, X.; Tisserand, V.; Zghiche, A.; Garra Tico, J.; Grauges, E.; Lopez, L.; Palano, A.; Eigen, G.; Stugu, B.; Sun, L.; Abrams, G.S.; Battaglia, M.; Brown, D.N.; Button-Shafer, J.; Cahn, R.N.; /Energy Sci. Network /Birmingham U. /Ruhr U., Bochum /Bristol U. /British Columbia U. /Brunel U. /Novosibirsk, IYF /UC, Irvine /UCLA /UC, Riverside /UC, San Diego /UC, Santa Barbara /UC, Santa Cruz /Caltech /Cincinnati U. /Colorado U. /Colorado State U. /Dortmund U. /Leipzig, Tech. Hochsch. /Ecole Polytechnique /Edinburgh U. /Ferrara U. /Frascati /Genoa U. /Harvard U. /Heidelberg U. /Imperial Coll., London /Iowa U. /Iowa State U. /Johns Hopkins U. /Karlsruhe U. /Paris U., VI-VII /LLNL, Livermore /Liverpool U. /Queen Mary, U. of London /Royal Holloway, U. of London /Louisville U. /Manchester U. /Maryland U. /Massachusetts U., Amherst /MIT, LNS /McGill U. /Milan U. /Mississippi U. /Concordia U., Montreal /Mt. Holyoke Coll. /Naples U. /NIKHEF, Amsterdam /Notre Dame U. /Ohio State U. /Oregon U. /Padua U. /Paris U., VI-VII /Pennsylvania U. /Perugia U. /Pisa U. /Prairie View A-M /Princeton U. /INFN, Rome /Rostock U. /Rutherford /DSM, DAPNIA, Saclay /South Carolina U. /SLAC /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SUNY, Albany /Tennessee U. /Texas U. /Texas U., Dallas /Turin U. /Trieste U. /Valencia U., IFIC /Victoria U. /Warwick U. /Wisconsin U., Madison /Yale U.

2007-04-09

The shape of the hadronic form factor f{sub +} (q{sup 2}) in the decay D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup -} e{sup +}{nu}{sub e} has been measured in a model independent analysis and compared with theoretical calculations. They use 75 fb{sup -1} of data recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEPII electron-positron collider. The corresponding decay branching fraction, relative to the decay D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup -} {pi}{sup +}, has also been measured to be R{sub D} = BR(D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup -}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e})/BR(D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) = 0.927 {+-} 0.007 {+-} 0.012. From these results, and using the present world average value for BR(D{sup 0} {yields} K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}), the normalization of the form factor at q{sup 2} = 0 is determined to be f{sub +}(0) = 0.727 {+-} 0.007 {+-} 0.005 {+-} 0.007 where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and from external inputs, respectively.

3. [The plant physiologist Julius von Sachs and the academic education of women].

PubMed

Gimmler, Hartmut

2005-01-01

4. Nucleon to {Delta} transition form factors with N{sub F}=2+1 domain wall fermions

SciTech Connect

Alexandrou, C.; Koutsou, G.; Proestos, Y.; Tsapalis, A.

2011-01-01

We calculate the electromagnetic, axial, and pseudoscalar form factors of the nucleon to {Delta}(1232) transition using two dynamical light degenerate quarks and a dynamical strange quark simulated with the domain wall fermion action. Results are obtained at lattice spacings a=0.114 fm and a=0.084 fm, with corresponding pion masses of 330 MeV and 297 MeV, respectively. High statistics measurements are achieved by utilizing the coherent sink technique. The dominant electromagnetic dipole form factor, the axial form factors and the pseudoscalar coupling are extracted to a good accuracy. This allows the investigation of the nondiagonal Goldberger-Treiman relation. Particular emphasis is given on the extraction of the subdominant electromagnetic quadrupole form factors and their ratio to the dominant dipole form factor, R{sub EM} and R{sub SM}, measured in experiment.

5. Direct CP Violation, Branching Ratios and Form Factors B --> pi, B --> K in B decays

SciTech Connect

O. Leitner; X.-H. Guo; A.W. Thomas

2004-11-01

The B {yields} {pi} and B {yields} K transitions involved in hadronic B decays are investigated in a phenomenological way through the framework of QCD factorization. By comparing our results with experimental branching ratios from the BELLE, BABAR and CLEO collaborations for all the B decays including either a pion or a kaon, we propose boundaries for the transition form factors B {yields} {pi} and B {yields} K depending on the CKM matrix element parameters {rho} and {eta}. From this analysis, the form factors required to reproduce the experimental data for branching ratios are F{sup B {yields} {pi}} = 0.31 {+-} 0.12 and F{sup B {yields} K} = 0.37 {+-} 0.13. We calculate the direct CP violating asymmetry parameter, a{sub CP}, for B {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi} and B {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} K decays, in the case where {rho} - {omega} mixing effects are taken into account. Based on these results, we find that the direct CP asymmetry for B{sup -} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup -}, {bar B}{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup 0}, B{sup -} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}K{sup -}, and {bar B}{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} {bar K}{sup 0}, reaches its maximum when the invariant mass {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} is in the vicinity of the {omega} meson mass. The inclusion of {rho} - {omega} mixing provides an opportunity to erase, without ambiguity, the phase uncertainty mod{pi} in the determination of th CKM angles {alpha} in case of b {yields} u and {gamma} in case of b {yields} s.

6. Bianchi type-I, type-III and Kantowski-Sachs solutions in f( T) gravity

Rodrigues, M. E.; Kpadonou, A. V.; Rahaman, F.; Oliveira, P. J.; Houndjo, M. J. S.

2015-06-01

In the context of modified tele-parallel theory of gravity, we undertake cosmological anisotropic models and search for their solutions. Within a suitable choice of non-diagonal tetrads, the decoupled equations of motion are obtained for Bianchi-I, Bianchi-III and Kantowski-Sachs models, from which we obtain the correspondent solutions. By the way, energy density and pressures are also obtained, showing, as an important result, that our universe may live a quintessence like universe even while anisotropic models are considered.

7. Neuropsychiatric aspects of the adult variant of Tay-Sachs disease.

PubMed

MacQueen, G M; Rosebush, P I; Mazurek, M F

1998-01-01

Tay-Sachs disease (a GM2 gangliosidosis) is an inherited neuronal storage disease that can affect individuals across the age spectrum. Psychosis is reported in 30% to 50% of adult-onset patients, and many are misdiagnosed with schizophrenia. Mood disorders are present in more than 25% and cognitive impairment in more than 20%. Treatment of psychosis with neuroleptics may not have a favorable risk/benefit ratio, but treatment with benzodiazepines or electroconvulsive therapy may be efficacious. Metabolic diseases such as gangliosidosis are probably under-recognized as causes of neuropsychiatric illness. Increased awareness of these disorders will lead to accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment selection, and genetic counseling. PMID:9547461

8. Mechanism of interrupted saccades in patients with late-onset Tay-Sachs disease.

PubMed

Optican, Lance M; Rucker, Janet C; Keller, Edward L; Leigh, R John

2008-01-01

In late-onset Tay-Sachs disease (LOTS), saccades are interrupted by one or more transient decelerations. Some saccades reaccelerate and continue on before eye velocity reaches zero, even in darkness. Intervals between successive decelerations are not regularly spaced. Peak decelerations of horizontal and vertical components of oblique saccades in LOTS is more synchronous than those in control subjects. We hypothesize that these decelerations are caused by dysregulation of the fastigial nuclei (FN) of the cerebellum, which fire brain stem inhibitory burst neurons (IBNs). PMID:18718355

9. Detectability of a phantom-like braneworld model with the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect

SciTech Connect

Giannantonio, Tommaso; Song, Yong-Seon; Koyama, Kazuya

2008-08-15

We study a braneworld model in which a phantom-like behavior occurs with only cold dark matter and a cosmological constant, due to a large distance modification of gravity. With the addition of curvature, the geometrical tests are not strict enough to rule out models in which gravity is modified significantly on large scales. We show that this degeneracy in the parameter space is broken by the structure formation tests, such as the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, which can probe general relativity on large scales.

10. {nu} induced threshold production of two pions and N*(1440) electroweak form factors

SciTech Connect

Hernandez, E.; Nieves, J.; Valverde, M.; Singh, S. K.; Vacas, M. J. Vicente

2008-03-01

We study the threshold production of two pions induced by neutrinos in nucleon targets. The contribution of nucleon, pion, and contact terms are calculated using a chiral Lagrangian. The contribution of the Roper resonance, neglected in earlier studies, has also been taken into account. The numerical results for the cross sections are presented and compared with the available experimental data. It has been found that in the two-pion channels with {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} and {pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} in the final state, the contribution of the N*(1440) is quite important and could be used to determine the N*(1440) electroweak transition form factors if experimental data with better statistics become available in the future.

11. JLab Measurement of the 4He Charge Form Factor at Large Momentum Transfers

SciTech Connect

Camsonne, Alexandre; Katramatou, A. T.; Olson, M.; Sparveris, Nikolaos; Acha, Armando; Allada, Kalyan; Anderson, Bryon; Arrington, John; Baldwin, Alan; Chen, Jian-Ping; Choi, Seonho; Chudakov, Eugene; Cisbani, Evaristo; Craver, Brandon; Decowski, Piotr; Dutta, Chiranjib; Folts, Edward; Frullani, Salvatore; Garibaldi, Franco; Gilman, Ronald; Gomez, Javier; Hahn, Brian; Hansen, Jens-Ole; Higinbotham, Douglas; Holmstrom, Timothy; Huang, Jian; Iodice, Mauro; Kelleher, Aidan; Khrosinkova, Elena; Kievsky, A.; Kuchina, Elena; Kumbartzki, Gerfried; Lee, Byungwuek; LeRose, John; Lindgren, Richard; Lott, Gordon; Lu, H.; Marcucci, Laura; Margaziotis, Demetrius; Markowitz, Pete; Marrone, Stefano; Meekins, David; Meziani, Zein-Eddine; Michaels, Robert; Moffit, Bryan; Norum, Blaine; Petratos, Gerassimos; Puckett, Andrew; Qian, Xin; Rondon-Aramayo, Oscar; Saha, Arunava; Sawatzky, Bradley; Segal, John; Hashemi, Mitra; Shahinyan, Albert; Solvignon-Slifer, Patricia; Subedi, Ramesh; Suleiman, Riad; Sulkosky, Vincent; Urciuoli, Guido; Viviani, Michele; Wang, Y.; Wojtsekhowski, Bogdan; Yan, X.; Yao, H.; Zhang, W. -M.; Zheng, X.; Zhu, L.

2014-04-01

The charge form factor of 4He has been extracted in the range 29 fm-2 <= Q2 <= 77 fm-2 from elastic electron scattering, detecting 4He nuclei and electrons in coincidence with the High Resolution Spectrometers of the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab. The results are in qualitative agreement with realistic meson-nucleon theoretical calculations. The data have uncovered a second diffraction minimum, which was predicted in the Q2 range of this experiment, and rule out conclusively long-standing predictions of dimensional scaling of high-energy amplitudes using quark counting.

12. Scattering from phase-separated vesicles. I. An analytical form factor for multiple static domains

SciTech Connect

Heberle, Frederick A.; Anghel, Vinicius N. P.; Katsaras, John

2015-08-18

This is the first in a series of studies considering elastic scattering from laterally heterogeneous lipid vesicles containing multiple domains. Unique among biophysical tools, small-angle neutron scattering can in principle give detailed information about the size, shape and spatial arrangement of domains. A general theory for scattering from laterally heterogeneous vesicles is presented, and the analytical form factor for static domains with arbitrary spatial configuration is derived, including a simplification for uniformly sized round domains. The validity of the model, including series truncation effects, is assessed by comparison with simulated data obtained from a Monte Carlo method. Several aspects of the analytical solution for scattering intensity are discussed in the context of small-angle neutron scattering data, including the effect of varying domain size and number, as well as solvent contrast. Finally, the analysis indicates that effects of domain formation are most pronounced when the vesicle's average scattering length density matches that of the surrounding solvent.

13. Form factors and complete spectrum of XXX antiperiodic higher spin chains by quantum separation of variables

SciTech Connect

Niccoli, G.

2013-05-15

The antiperiodic transfer matrices associated to higher spin representations of the rational 6-vertex Yang-Baxter algebra are analyzed by generalizing the approach introduced recently in the framework of Sklyanin's quantum separation of variables (SOV) for cyclic representations, spin-1/2 highest weight representations, and also for spin-1/2 representations of the 6-vertex reflection algebra. Such SOV approach allow us to derive exactly results which represent complicate tasks for more traditional methods based on Bethe ansatz and Baxter Q-operator. In particular, we both prove the completeness of the SOV characterization of the transfer matrix spectrum and its simplicity. Then, the derived characterization of local operators by Sklyanin's quantum separate variables and the expression of the scalar products of separate states by determinant formulae allow us to compute the form factors of the local spin operators by one determinant formulae similar to those of the scalar products.

14. Small form factor (SFF) optical data storage devices for mobile applications

Park, Young-Pil; Park, No-Cheol; Kim, Chul-Jin

2005-09-01

There are two basic requirements in the field of optical storage data devices. The first is the demand for the improvement of memory capacity to manage the increased data capacity in personal and official purposes. The second is the demand for small sized optical storage devices for mobile multimedia digital electronics, including digital camera, PDA and mobile phones. To summarize, for the sake of mobile applications, it is necessary to develop optical data storage devices which have simultaneously a large capacity and a small size. Small form factor optical disk drive (SFF ODD) is expected to become a good match for mobile applications due its advantages over other devices in cost and removability. Nowadays, many companies and research institutes including universities cooperate together in the research on SFF ODD and other related optical storage devices. Due such active researches, it is expected that SFF ODD will be widely used in mobile applications in the very near future.

15. A polarized target measurement of the electric form factor of the neutron at Jlab

SciTech Connect

N. Savvinov

2004-09-01

The experiment E93-026 at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) determined the electric form factor of the neutron G{sub E}{sup n} through quasielastic {rvec d}({rvec e},e'n)p scattering using a longitudinally polarized electron beam and a frozen polarized {sup 15}N D{sub 3} target. The knocked out neutrons were detected in a segmented plastic scintillator detector in coincidence with the scattered electrons. The G{sub E}{sup n} was extracted by comparing the experimental beam-target asymmetry with full theoretical calculations based on different values of G{sub E}{sup n}. Preliminary results of the Fall 2001 run are reported.

16. The Spectroscopy and Form Factors of Nucleon Resonances from Superconformal Quantum Mechanics and Holographic QCD

de Téramond, Guy F.

2016-06-01

The superconformal algebraic approach to hadronic physics is used to construct a semiclassical effective theory for nucleons which incorporates essential nonperturbative dynamical features, such as the emergence of a confining scale and the Regge resonance spectrum. Relativistic bound-state equations for nucleons follow from the extension of superconformal quantum mechanics to the light front and its holographic embedding in a higher dimensional gravity theory. Superconformal algebra has been used elsewhere to describe the connections between the light mesons and baryons, but in the present context it relates the fermion positive and negative chirality states and uniquely determines the confinement potential of nucleons. The holographic mapping of multi-quark bound states also leads to a light-front cluster decomposition of form factors for an arbitrary number of constituents. The remarkable analytical structure which follows incorporates the correct scaling behavior at high photon virtualities and also vector dominance at low energies.

17. Periodic orbits analysis of the form factor: from ballistic to diffusive systems

Agam, Oded; Fishman, Shmuel

1996-05-01

The energy level correlator K(s) and the form factor 0305-4470/29/9/016/img1 are calculated for a hypercubic billiard with small hyperspheres placed at random in its interior. Various regimes, characterized by the elastic mean free path l, resulting from the scattering on impurities, are identified. The analysis extends from the ballistic regime, where l is much larger than the size of the system, via intermediate regimes, to the diffusive regime, where l is much smaller than its size. Semiclassical expressions for the density of states of chaotic and integrable systems in terms of classical periodic orbits are used. The diagonal approximation for 0305-4470/29/9/016/img1 is made for short times, while non-perturbative methods are used for long times. The analysis makes use of analytic properties of classical dynamical zeta function associated with the Perron - Frobenius operator. The general features are relevant for mesoscopic systems.

18. Form factors and complete spectrum of XXX antiperiodic higher spin chains by quantum separation of variables

Niccoli, G.

2013-05-01

The antiperiodic transfer matrices associated to higher spin representations of the rational 6-vertex Yang-Baxter algebra are analyzed by generalizing the approach introduced recently in the framework of Sklyanin's quantum separation of variables (SOV) for cyclic representations, spin-1/2 highest weight representations, and also for spin-1/2 representations of the 6-vertex reflection algebra. Such SOV approach allow us to derive exactly results which represent complicate tasks for more traditional methods based on Bethe ansatz and Baxter Q-operator. In particular, we both prove the completeness of the SOV characterization of the transfer matrix spectrum and its simplicity. Then, the derived characterization of local operators by Sklyanin's quantum separate variables and the expression of the scalar products of separate states by determinant formulae allow us to compute the form factors of the local spin operators by one determinant formulae similar to those of the scalar products.

19. An important factor powerfully influencing the Al Ni-based alloys' glass-forming ability

Bo, Zhang; Xiufang, Bian; Chunxia, Fu; Na, Han; Jiankun, Zhou; Weimin, Wang

2005-12-01

In order to get better glass-forming abilities (GFAs), Ni atoms are partially replaced by Cu and Co atoms in Al84Ni12Zr4 alloys. Thermal analysis shows that the reduced crystallization temperature Trx has no direct correlation with the GFA of the alloys. However, it is notable that prepeaks have been found in the total structure factors of the amorphous Al84Ni(12-x)Zr4Cux and Al84Ni(12-x)Zr4Cox alloys. In addition, the results prove that the intensity of the prepeaks influences the GFA powerfully. The amorphous alloys with larger intensity of the prepeak show better GFA. The influence of prepeaks on the GFA can be explained by the atomic configuration difference among the liquid, crystal and glass states.

20. B →D l ν form factors at nonzero recoil and extraction of |Vc b|

Na, Heechang; Bouchard, Chris M.; Lepage, G. Peter; Monahan, Chris; Shigemitsu, Junko; Hpqcd Collaboration

2015-09-01

We present a lattice QCD calculation of the B →D l ν semileptonic decay form factors f+(q2) and f0(q2) for the entire physical q2 range. Nonrelativistic QCD bottom quarks and highly improved staggered quark charm and light quarks are employed together with Nf=2 +1 MILC gauge configurations. A joint fit to our lattice and BABAR experimental data allows an extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |Vc b| . We also determine the phenomenologically interesting ratio R (D )=B (B →D τ ντ)/B (B →D l νl) (l =e ,μ ). We find |Vc b|exclB →D=0.0402 (17 )(13 ) , where the first error consists of the lattice simulation errors and the experimental statistical error and the second error is the experimental systematic error. For the branching fraction ratio we find R (D )=0.300 (8 ) .

1. Scaling study of the pion electroproduction cross sections and the pion form factor

SciTech Connect

Tanja Horn; Xin Qian; John Arrington; Razmik Asaturyan; Fatiha Benmokthar; Werner Boeglin; Peter Bosted; Antje Bruell; Eric Christy; Eugene Chudakov; Ben Clasie; Mark Dalton; AJI Daniel; Donal Day; Dipangkar Dutta; Lamiaa El Fassi; Rolf Ent; Howard Fenker; J. Ferrer; Nadia Fomin; H. Gao; K Garrow; Dave Gaskell; C Gray; G. Huber; M. Jones; N Kalantarians; C. Keppel; K Kramer; Y Li; Y Liang; A. Lung; S Malace; P. Markowitz; A. Matsumura; D. Meekins; T Mertens; T Miyoshi; H. Mykrtchyan; R. Monson; T. Navasardyan; G. Niculescu; I. Niculescu; Y. Okayasu; A. Opper; C Perdrisat; V. Punjabi; A. Rauf; V. Rodriguez; D. Rohe; J Seely; E Segbefia; G. Smith; M. Sumihama; V. Tadevoyan; L Tang; V. Tvaskis; A. Villano; W. Vulcan; F. Wesselmann; S. Wood; L. Yuan; X. Zheng

2007-07-12

The $^{1}$H($e,e^\\prime \\pi^+$)n cross section was measured for a range of four-momentum transfer up to $Q^2$=3.91 GeV$^2$ at values of the invariant mass, $W$, above the resonance region. The $Q^2$-dependence of the longitudinal component is consistent with the $Q^2$-scaling prediction for hard exclusive processes. This suggests that perturbative QCD concepts are applicable at rather low values of $Q^2$. Pion form factor results, while consistent with the $Q^2$-scaling prediction, are inconsistent in magnitude with perturbative QCD calculations. The extraction of Generalized Parton Distributions from hard exclusive processes assumes the dominance of the longitudinal term. However, transverse contributions to the cross section are still significant at $Q^2$=3.91 GeV$^2$.

2. ISR Hadron Production in e+e- Annihilations and Meson-Photon Transition Form Factors

SciTech Connect

Muller, David; /SLAC

2012-05-22

We present several recent results from the BaBar collaboration in the areas of initial state radiation physics and transition form factors. An updated study of the processes e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} and e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} provides an improved understanding of the Y (2175) meson. A very precise study of the process e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} improves the precision on the calculated anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and provides by far the best information on excited {rho} states. Our previous measurements of the timelike transition form factors (TFF) of the {eta} and {eta}' mesons at Q{sup 2} = 112 GeV{sup 2}, combined with new measurements of the their spacelike TFFs and those of the {pi}{sup 0} and {eta}{sub c} mesons, provide powerful tests of QCD and models of the distribution amplitudes of quarks inside these mesons. The {eta}{sub c} TFF shows the expected behavior over the Q{sup 2} range 1-50 GeV{sup 2}, and we are sensitive to next-to-leading-order QCD corrections. The {eta} and {eta}' TFFs are consistent with expected behavior, but those for the {pi}{sup 0} are not. Extracting the strange and nonstrange components of the {eta} and {eta}' TFFs, we find the nonstrange component to be consistent with theoretical expectations and inconsistent with the measured {pi}{sup 0} TFF.

3. Weak charge form factor and radius of 208Pb through parity violation in electron scattering

DOE PAGESBeta

Horowitz, C. J.; Ahmed, Z.; Jen, C. -M.; Rakhman, A.; Souder, P. A.; Dalton, M. M.; Liyanage, N.; Paschke, K. D.; Saenboonruang, K.; Silwal, R.; et al

2012-03-26

We use distorted wave electron scattering calculations to extract the weak charge form factor FW(more » $$\\bar{q}$$), the weak charge radius RW, and the point neutron radius Rn, of 208Pb from the PREX parity violating asymmetry measurement. The form factor is the Fourier transform of the weak charge density at the average momentum transfer $$\\bar{q}$$ = 0.475 fm-1. We find FW($$\\bar{q}$$) = 0.204 ± 0.028(exp) ± 0.001(model). We use the Helm model to infer the weak radius from FW($$\\bar{q}$$). We find RW = 5.826 ± 0.181(exp) ± 0.027(model) fm. Here the exp error includes PREX statistical and systematic errors, while the model error describes the uncertainty in RW from uncertainties in the surface thickness σ of the weak charge density. The weak radius is larger than the charge radius, implying a 'weak charge skin' where the surface region is relatively enriched in weak charges compared to (electromagnetic) charges. We extract the point neutron radius Rn = 5.751 ± 0.175 (exp) ± 0.026(model) ± 0.005(strange) fm, from RW. Here there is only a very small error (strange) from possible strange quark contributions. We find Rn to be slightly smaller than RW because of the nucleon's size. As a result, we find a neutron skin thickness of Rn-Rp = 0.302 ± 0.175 (exp) ± 0.026 (model) ± 0.005 (strange) fm, where Rp is the point proton radius.« less

4. Transition Form Factors: A Unique Opportunity to Connect Non-Perturbative Strong Interactions to QCD

SciTech Connect

Gothe, Ralf W.

2014-01-01

Meson-photoproduction measurements and their reaction-amplitude analyses can establish more sensitively, and in some cases in an almost model-independent way, nucleon excitations and non-resonant reaction amplitudes. However, to investigate the strong interaction from explored — where meson-cloud degrees of freedom contribute substantially to the baryon structure — to still unexplored distance scales — where quark degrees of freedom dominate and the transition from dressed to current quarks occurs — we depend on experiments that allow us to measure observables that are probing this evolving non-perturbative QCD regime over its full range. Elastic and transition form factors are uniquely suited to trace this evolution by measuring elastic electron scattering and exclusive single-meson and double-pion electroproduction cross sections off the nucleon. These exclusive measurements will be extended to higher momentum transfers with the energy-upgraded CEBAF beam at JLab to study the quark degrees of freedom, where their strong interaction is responsible for the ground and excited nucleon state formations. After establishing unprecedented high-precision data, the imminent next challenge is a high-quality analysis to extract these relevant electrocoupling parameters for various resonances that then can be compared to state-of-the-art models and QCD-based calculations. Recent results will demonstrate the status of the analysis and of their theoretical descriptions, and an experimental and theoretical outlook will highlight what shall and may be achieved in the new era of the 12-GeV upgraded transition form factor program.

5. Disruption of murine Hexa gene leads to enzymatic deficiency and to neuronal lysosomal storage, similar to that observed in Tay-Sachs disease.

PubMed

Cohen-Tannoudji, M; Marchand, P; Akli, S; Sheardown, S A; Puech, J P; Kress, C; Gressens, P; Nassogne, M C; Beccari, T; Muggleton-Harris, A L

1995-12-01

Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease caused by beta-hexosaminidase A deficiency and leads to death in early childhood. The disease results from mutations in the HEXA gene, which codes for the alpha chain of beta-hexosaminidase. The castastrophic neurodegenerative progression of the disease is thought to be a consequence of massive neuronal accumulation of GM2 ganglioside and related glycolipids in the brain and nervous system of the patients. Fuller understanding of the pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic procedures have both suffered from the lack of an animal model. We have used gene targeting in embryonic stem (ES) cells to disrupt the mouse Hexa gene. Mice homozygous for the disrupted allele mimic several biochemical and histological features of human Tay-Sachs disease. Hexa-/- mice displayed a total deficiency of beta-hexosaminidase A activity, and membranous cytoplasmic inclusions typical of GM2 gangliosidoses were found in the cytoplasm of their neurons. However, while the number of storage neurons increased with age, it remained low compared with that found in human, and no apparent motor or behavioral disorders could be observed. This suggests that the presence of beta-hexosaminidase A is not an absolute requirement of ganglioside degradation in mice. These mice should help us to understand several aspects of the disease as well as the physiological functions of hexosaminidase in mice. They should also provide a valuable animal model in which to test new forms of therapy, and in particular gene delivery into the central nervous system. PMID:8747922

6. Universal behavior of the γ⁎γ→(π0,η,η′) transition form factors

PubMed Central

Melikhov, Dmitri; Stech, Berthold

2012-01-01

The photon transition form factors of π, η and η′ are discussed in view of recent measurements. It is shown that the exact axial anomaly sum rule allows a precise comparison of all three form factors at high-Q2 independent of the different structures and distribution amplitudes of the participating pseudoscalar mesons. We conclude: (i) The πγ form factor reported by Belle is in excellent agreement with the nonstrange I=0 component of the η and η′ form factors obtained from the BaBar measurements. (ii) Within errors, the πγ form factor from Belle is compatible with the asymptotic pQCD behavior, similar to the η and η′ form factors from BaBar. Still, the best fits to the data sets of πγ, ηγ, and η′γ form factors favor a universal small logarithmic rise Q2FPγ(Q2)∼log(Q2). PMID:23226917

7. Sulphur abundance determinations in star-forming regions - I. Ionization correction factor

Dors, O. L.; Pérez-Montero, E.; Hägele, G. F.; Cardaci, M. V.; Krabbe, A. C.

2016-03-01

In this work, we used a grid of photoionization models combined with stellar population synthesis models to derive reliable ionization correction factors (ICFs) for the sulphur in star-forming regions. These models cover a large range of nebular parameters and yielding ionic abundances in consonance with those derived through optical and infrared observational data of star-forming regions. From our theoretical ICFs, we suggested an α value of 3.27 ± 0.01 in the classical Stasińska formulae. We compared the total sulphur abundance in the gas phase of a large sample of objects by using our theoretical ICF and other approaches. In average, the differences between the determinations via the use of the different ICFs considered are similar to the uncertainties in the S/H estimations. Nevertheless, we noted that for some objects it could reach up to about 0.3 dex for the low-metallicity regime. Despite of the large scatter of the points, we found a trend of S/O ratio to decrease with the metallicity, independently of the ICF used to compute the sulphur total abundance.

8. Fitting of NWM Ray-traced Slant Factors to Closed-form Tropospheric Mapping Functions

Urquhart, L.; Nievinski, F. G.; Santos, M. C.

2009-05-01

Ray-tracing in numerical weather models (NWM) is a promising solution for describing the elevation angle- and azimuth-dependence of tropospheric delay, especially at very low elevation angles, in an attempt to de- correlate vertical position and zenith tropospheric delay during GPS estimation. On the other hand, mapping functions expressed in closed form remain imperative, demanded by the need for (i) fast processing and (ii) convenient distribution to end-users, who employ a variety of third-party GPS processing packages. We investigate the fitting of ray-tracing results to closed-form expressions. We neglect the variation of the tropospheric delay with latitude, longitude, and height, offering a mapping function valid for a specific station site (similarly as done for VMF1-Site [Boehm et al., 1996]). We focus on the variation of the delay with time, elevation angle, and azimuth. For the time-dependence, we choose to work with slant factors instead of slant delays, because the former are more stable in time than the latter; that is a consequence of the normalization by zenith delays which removes the bulk of the variation with time. For the elevation angle-dependence we compare the continued form fraction of Yan and Ping [1995] with that of Marini [1972] (normalized to yield unity at zenith, as given by Herring [1992]). The latter is more commonly used, but the former is expected to provide a better fit at elevation angles below five degrees. Since the ray-tracing results do not necessarily assume azimuthal symmetry, we have to account for the azimuth-dependence. For that we compare the single-direction model of Davis et al. [1993] with the inclusion of secondary directions [Seko et al., 2004] and arbitrary spherical harmonics [Böhm and Schuh, 2001]). We also assess whether physically-oblivious models (i.e., not derived from analytical idealized atmospheric models), such spline or polynomials, as suggested by Rocken et al. [2001], are adequate.

9. Crystal Structure of a Translation Termination Complex Formed With Release Factor RF2

SciTech Connect

Korostelev, A.; Asahara, H.; Lancaster, L.; Laurberg, M.; Hirschi, A.; Zhu, J.; Trakhanov, S.; Scott, W.G.; Noller, H.F.

2009-05-20

We report the crystal structure of a translation termination complex formed by the Thermus thermophilus 70S ribosome bound with release factor RF2, in response to a UAA stop codon, solved at 3 {angstrom} resolution. The backbone of helix -5 and the side chain of serine of the conserved SPF motif of RF2 recognize U1 and A2 of the stop codon, respectively. A3 is unstacked from the first 2 bases, contacting Thr-216 and Val-203 of RF2 and stacking on G530 of 16S rRNA. The structure of the RF2 complex supports our previous proposal that conformational changes in the ribosome in response to recognition of the stop codon stabilize rearrangement of the switch loop of the release factor, resulting in docking of the universally conserved GGQ motif in the PTC of the 50S subunit. As seen for the RF1 complex, the main-chain amide nitrogen of glutamine in the GGQ motif is positioned to contribute directly to catalysis of peptidyl-tRNA hydrolysis, consistent with mutational studies, which show that most side-chain substitutions of the conserved glutamine have little effect. We show that when the H-bonding capability of the main-chain N-H of the conserved glutamine is eliminated by substitution with proline, peptidyl-tRNA esterase activity is abolished, consistent with its proposed role in catalysis.

10. Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in a quintessence cosmological model: Including anisotropic stress of dark energy

SciTech Connect

Wang, Y. T.; Xu, L. X.; Gui, Y. X.

2010-10-15

In this paper, we investigate the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in the quintessence cold dark matter model with constant equation of state and constant speed of sound in dark energy rest frame, including dark energy perturbation and its anisotropic stress. Comparing with the {Lambda}CDM model, we find that the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW)-power spectrums are affected by different background evolutions and dark energy perturbation. As we change the speed of sound from 1 to 0 in the quintessence cold dark matter model with given state parameters, it is found that the inclusion of dark energy anisotropic stress makes the variation of magnitude of the ISW source uncertain due to the anticorrelation between the speed of sound and the ratio of dark energy density perturbation contrast to dark matter density perturbation contrast in the ISW-source term. Thus, the magnitude of the ISW-source term is governed by the competition between the alterant multiple of (1+3/2xc-circumflex{sub s}{sup 2}) and that of {delta}{sub de}/{delta}{sub m} with the variation of c-circumflex{sub s}{sup 2}.

11. Characterization of the clotting activities of structurally different forms of activated factor IX. Enzymatic properties of normal human factor IXa alpha, factor IXa beta, and activated factor IX Chapel Hill.

PubMed Central

Griffith, M J; Breitkreutz, L; Trapp, H; Briet, E; Noyes, C M; Lundblad, R L; Roberts, H R

1985-01-01

Two structurally different forms of activated human Factor IX (Factor IXa alpha and IXa beta) have been previously reported to have essentially identical clotting activity in vitro. Although it has been shown that activated Factor IX Chapel Hill, an abnormal Factor IX isolated from the plasma of a patient with mild hemophilia B, and normal Factor IXa alpha are structurally very similar, the clotting activity of activated Factor IX Chapel Hill is much lower (approximately fivefold) than that of normal Factor IXa beta. In the present study we have prepared activated Factor IX by incubating human Factor IX with calcium and Russell's viper venom covalently bound to agarose. Fractionation of the activated Factor IX by high-performance liquid chromatography demonstrated the presence of both Factors IXa alpha and IXa beta. On the basis of active site concentration, determined by titration with antithrombin III, the clotting activities of activated Factor IX Chapel Hill and IXa alpha were similar, but both activities were less than 20% of the clotting activity of Factor IXa beta. Activated Factor IX activity was also measured in the absence of calcium, phospholipid, and Factor VIII, by determination of the rate of Factor X activation in the presence of polylysine. In the presence of polylysine, the rates of Factor X activation by activated Factor IX Chapel Hill, Factor IXa alpha, and Factor IXa beta were essentially identical. We conclude that the clotting activity of activated Factor IX Chapel Hill is reduced when compared with that of Factor IXa beta but essentially normal when compared with that of Factor IXa alpha. PMID:3871202

12. A Non-parametric approach to the D+ ---> anti-K*0 mu+ nu form-factors

SciTech Connect

Link, J.M.; Yager, P.M.; Anjos, J.C.; Bediaga, I.; Castromonte, C.; Machado, A.A.; Magnin, J.; Massafferri, A.; de Miranda, J.M.; Pepe, I.M.; Polycarpo, E.; dos Reis, A.C.; Carrillo, S.; Casimiro, E.; Cuautle, E.; Sanchez-Hernandez, A.; Uribe, C.; Vazquez, F.; Agostino, L.; Cinquini, L.; Cumalat, J.P.; /Colorado U. /Fermilab /Frascati /Guanajuato U. /Illinois U., Urbana /Indiana U. /Korea U. /Kyungpook Natl. U. /INFN, Milan /Milan U. /North Carolina U. /Pavia U. /INFN, Pavia /Rio de Janeiro, Pont. U. Catol. /Puerto Rico U., Mayaguez /South Carolina U. /Tennessee U. /Vanderbilt U. /Wisconsin U., Madison

2005-09-01

Using a large sample of D{sup +} {yields} K{sup -} {pi}{sup +} {mu}{sup +}{nu} decays collected by the FOCUS photo-production experiment at Fermilab, we present the first measurements of the helicity basis form factors free from the assumption of spectroscopic pole dominance. We also present the first information on the form factor that controls the s-wave interference discussed in a previous paper by the FOCUS collaboration. We find reasonable agreement with the usual assumption of spectroscopic pole dominance and measured form factor ratios.

13. First principles calculations of nucleon and pion form factors: understanding the building blocks of nuclear matter from lattice QCD

SciTech Connect

Constantia Alexandrou; Bojan Bistrovic; Robert Edwards; P de Forcrand; George Fleming; Philipp Haegler; John Negele; Konstantinos Orginos; Andrew Pochinsky; Dru Renner; David Richards; Wolfram Schroers; Antonios Tsapalis

2005-10-01

Lattice QCD is an essential complement to the current and anticipated DOE-supported experimental program in hadronic physics. In this poster we address several key questions central to our understanding of the building blocks of nuclear matter, nucleons and pions. Firstly, we describe progress at computing the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon, describing the distribution of charge and current, before considering the role played by the strange quarks. We then describe the study of transition form factors to the Delta resonance. Finally, we present recent work to determine the pion form factor, complementary to the current JLab experimental determination and providing insight into the approach to asymptotic freedom.

14. Strange magnetic form factor of the proton at $Q^2 = 0.23$ GeV$^2$

SciTech Connect

Wang, Ping; Leinweber, Derek; Thomas, Anthony; Young, Ross

2009-06-01

We determine the $u$ and $d$ quark contributions to the proton magnetic form factor at finite momentum transfer by applying chiral corrections to quenched lattice data. Heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory is applied at next to leading order in the quenched, and full QCD cases for the valence sector using finite range regularization. Under the assumption of charge symmetry these values can be combined with the experimental values of the proton and neutron magnetic form factors to deduce a relatively accurate value for the strange magnetic form factor at $Q^2=0.23$ GeV$^2$, namely $G_M^s=-0.034 \\pm 0.021$ $\\mu_N$.

15. Exclusive muon-pair production in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions: Realistic nucleus charge form factor and differential distributions

SciTech Connect

Klusek-Gawenda, M.; Szczurek, A.

2010-07-15

The cross sections for exclusive muon-pair production in nucleus-nucleus collisions are calculated and several differential distributions are shown. Realistic (Fourier transform of charge density) charge form factors of nuclei are used and the corresponding results are compared with the cross sections calculated with monopole form factor often used in the literature and discussed recently in the context of higher-order QED corrections. Absorption effects are discussed and quantified. The cross sections obtained with realistic form factors are significantly smaller than those obtained with the monopole form factor. The effect is bigger for large muon rapidities and/or large muon transverse momenta. The predictions for the STAR and PHENIX collaboration measurements at RHIC as well as the ALICE and CMS collaborations at LHC are presented.

16. Aspects of Precision Calculations of Nucleon Generalized Form Factors with Domain Wall Fermions on an Asqtad Sea

SciTech Connect

Bratt, Jonathan; Edwards, Robert; Engelhardt, Michael; Fleming, George; Hagler, Ph.; Lin, Meifeng; Meyer, Harvey; Musch, Bernhard; Negele, John; Orginos, Konstantinos; Pochinsky, Andrew; Procura, M.; Renner, Dru; Richards, David; Schroers, Wolfram; Syritsyn, Sergey

2008-12-01

In order to advance lattice calculations of moments of unpolarized, helicity, and transversity distributions, electromagnetic form factors, and generalized form factors of the nucleon to a new level of precision, this work investigates several key aspects of precision lattice calculations. We calculate the number of configurations required for constant statistical errors as a function of pion mass, describe the coherent sink method to help achieve these statistics, examine the statistical correlations between separate measurements, study correlations in the behavior of form factors at different momentum transfer, examine volume dependence, and compare mixed action results with those using comparable dynamical domain wall configurations. We also show selected form factor results and comment on the QCD evolution of our calculations of the flavor non-singlet nucleon angular momentum.

17. Dirac and Pauli form factors based on consideration of the gluon effect in light-cone wave functions

Shojaei, Mohammad Reza; Nikkhoo, Negin Sattary

2015-11-01

We discuss Dirac and Pauli form factors based on a generalized parton distribution framework in the range of high momentum transfers of t < 30 GeV2 and calculate the electromagnetic form factors, GE and GM, for the proton. In previous work, Gaussian parameterization has been used in wave functions for calculating electromagnetic form factors at intermediate-high momentum transfers of 1 GeV2 < t < 10 GeV2; in this paper, by considering an improved Gaussian ansatz, we not only calculate the electromagnetic form factors at moderately high momentum transfers t but also can calculate these quantities at high momentum transfers, achieving reasonable agreement with experimental data and other previous work.

18. On preferred axes in WMAP cosmic microwave background data after subtraction of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect

Rassat, A.; Starck, J.-L.

2013-09-01

There is currently a debate over the existence of claimed statistical anomalies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB), recently confirmed in Planck data. Recent work has focussed on methods for measuring statistical significance, on masks and on secondary anisotropies as potential causes of the anomalies. We investigate simultaneously the method for accounting for masked regions and the foreground integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) signal. We search for trends in different years of WMAP CMB data with different mask treatments. We reconstruct the ISW field due to the 2 Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) and the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) up to ℓ = 5, and we focus on the Axis of Evil (AoE) statistic and even/odd mirror parity, both of which search for preferred axes in the Universe. We find that removing the ISW reduces the significance of these anomalies in WMAP data, though this does not exclude the possibility of exotic physics. In the spirit of reproducible research, all reconstructed maps and codes will be made available for download at http://www.cosmostat.org/anomaliesCMB.html. Appendices are available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.orgReconstructed maps and codes are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/557/L1

19. Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Iron Nuggets Forming in Rotary Hearth Furnace Process at Lower Temperature

Han, Hongliang; Duan, Dongping; Chen, Siming; Yuan, Peng

2015-10-01

In order to improve the efficiency of slag and iron separation, a new idea of "the separation of slag (solid state) and iron (molten state) in rotary hearth furnace process at lower temperature" is put forward. In this paper, the forming process of iron nuggets has been investigated. Based on those results, the forming mechanisms and influencing factors of iron nugget at low temperature are discussed experimentally using an electric resistance furnace simulating a rotary hearth furnace process. Results show that the reduction of iron ore, carburization of reduced iron, and the composition and quantity of slag are very important for producing iron nuggets at lower temperature. Reduction reaction of carbon-containing pellets is mainly at 1273 K and 1473 K (1000 °C and 1200 °C). When the temperature is above 1473 K (1200 °C), the metallization rate of carbon-containing pellets exceeds 93 pct, and the reduction reaction is substantially complete. Direct carburization is the main method for carburization of reduced iron. This reaction occurs above 1273 K (1000 °C), with carburization degree increasing greatly at 1473 K and 1573 K (1200 °C and 1300 °C) after particular holding times. Besides, to achieve the "slag (solid state) and iron (molten state) separation," the melting point of the slag phase should be increased. Slag (solid state) and iron (molten state) separation can be achieved below 1573 K (1300 °C), and when the holding time is 20 minutes, C/O is 0.7, basicity is less than 0.5 and a Na2CO3 level of 3 pct, the recovery rate of iron can reach 90 pct, with a proportion of iron nuggets more than 3.15 mm of nearly 90 pct. This study can provide theoretical and technical basis for iron nugget production.

20. Continuum limit of the leading-order HQET form factor in Bs → Kℓν decays

Bahr, Felix; Banerjee, Debasish; Bernardoni, Fabio; Joseph, Anosh; Koren, Mateusz; Simma, Hubert; Sommer, Rainer

2016-06-01

We discuss the computation of form factors for semi-leptonic decays of B-, Bs-mesons in lattice QCD. Considering in particular the example of the static Bs form factors we demonstrate that after non-perturbative renormalization the continuum limit can be taken with confidence. The resulting precision is of interest for extractions of Vub. The size of the corrections of order 1 /mb is just estimated at present but it is expected that their inclusion does not pose significant difficulties.

1. Energy-Momentum Tensor Form Factors of the Nucleon in Nuclear Matter in the Chiral Soliton Model

Yakhshiev, Ulugbek; Kim, Hyun-Chul; Schweitzer, Peter

2013-08-01

In the present talk, we report a recent investigation on the nucleon form factors of the energy-momentum tensor in nuclear matter, based on the in-medium modified chiral soliton model. The results in free space are in agreement with those from other approaches. We have discussed the changes of the energy-momentum tensor form factors in nuclear matter and the modification of the soliton structure due to the surrounding nuclear environment.

2. Global Developmental Gene Programing Involves a Nuclear Form of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-1 (FGFR1).

PubMed

Terranova, Christopher; Narla, Sridhar T; Lee, Yu-Wei; Bard, Jonathan; Parikh, Abhirath; Stachowiak, Ewa K; Tzanakakis, Emmanuel S; Buck, Michael J; Birkaya, Barbara; Stachowiak, Michal K

2015-01-01

Genetic studies have placed the Fgfr1 gene at the top of major ontogenic pathways that enable gastrulation, tissue development and organogenesis. Using genome-wide sequencing and loss and gain of function experiments the present investigation reveals a mechanism that underlies global and direct gene regulation by the nuclear form of FGFR1, ensuring that pluripotent Embryonic Stem Cells differentiate into Neuronal Cells in response to Retinoic Acid. Nuclear FGFR1, both alone and with its partner nuclear receptors RXR and Nur77, targets thousands of active genes and controls the expression of pluripotency, homeobox, neuronal and mesodermal genes. Nuclear FGFR1 targets genes in developmental pathways represented by Wnt/β-catenin, CREB, BMP, the cell cycle and cancer-related TP53 pathway, neuroectodermal and mesodermal programing networks, axonal growth and synaptic plasticity pathways. Nuclear FGFR1 targets the consensus sequences of transcription factors known to engage CREB-binding protein, a common coregulator of transcription and established binding partner of nuclear FGFR1. This investigation reveals the role of nuclear FGFR1 as a global genomic programmer of cell, neural and muscle development. PMID:25923916

3. Measurement of the g{sub piNN} Form Factor

SciTech Connect

Kelley Vansyoc

2001-08-01

Cross sections were measured for the reaction 1H(e, e' {pi}+ )n at the energy W = 1.95 GeV and momentum transfer Q 2 = 0.6 (GeV/c) 2 . At this W and Q 2 , the longitudinal cross section is dominated by t-channel production, giving a unique opportunity to examine the strong coupling form factor g {pi}NN (t). The measured cross sections were separated using a method similar to a Rosenbluth separation. For the extraction of g {pi}NN (t), the Actor and Korner model [42] and a parameterization of the MAID2000 model [3] were employed to fit the longitudinal cross section. Three parameterizations g {pi}NN (t) were used in both models. These fits resulted in a strong coupling constant g {pi}NN (m 2 / {pi} ) that is consistent with theoretical predictions. However, this coupling constant leads to a cutoff parameter that is less than 1 GeV.

4. Small Form Factor Information Storage Devices for Mobile Applications in Korea

Park, Young-Pil; Park, No-Cheol; Kim, Chul-Jin

Recently, the ubiquitous environment in which anybody can reach a lot of information data without any limitations on the place and time has become an important social issue. There are two basic requirements in the field of information storage devices which have to be satisfied; the first is the demand for the improvement of memory capacity to manage the increased data capacity in personal and official purposes. The second is the demand for new development of information storage devices small enough to be applied to mobile multimedia digital electronics, including digital camera, PDA and mobile phones. To summarize, for the sake of mobile applications, it is necessary to develop information storage devices which have simultaneously a large capacity and a small size. Korea possesses the necessary infrastructure for developing such small sized information storage devices. It has a good digital market, major digital companies, and various research institutes. Nowadays, many companies and research institutes including university cooperate together in the research on small sized information storage devices. Thus, it is expected that small form factor optical disk drives will be commercialized in the very near future in Korea.

5. Feasibility studies on time-like proton electromagnetic form factors at PANDA-FAIR

Zimmermann, Iris; Dbeyssi, Alaa; Khaneft, Dmitry

2016-05-01

This contribution reports on the latest status of the feasibility studies for the measurement of time-like proton electromagnetic form factors (FF's) at the PANDA experiment [1] at FAIR (Germany). Electromagnetic FF's are fundamental quantities parameterizing the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons. In the time-like region proton FF's can be accessed experimentally through the annihilation processes p ¯p → l+l- (l = e, μ), assuming that the interaction takes place through the exchange of one virtual photon. Due to the low luminosity available at colliders in the past, an individual determination of the time-like electric and magnetic proton FF's was not feasible. The statistical precision, at which the proton FF's will be determined at PANDA, is estimated for both signal processes p ¯p → l+l- (l = e, μ) using the PandaRoot software, which encompasses full detector simulation and event reconstruction. The signal identification and suppression of the main background process (p ¯p → π+π-) is studied. Different methods have been used to generate and analyze the processes of interest. The results from the different analyses show that time-like electromagnetic FF's can be measured at PANDA with unprecedented statistical accuracy.

6. Scalar K{pi} form factor and light-quark masses

SciTech Connect

Jamin, Matthias; Oller, Jose Antonio; Pich, Antonio

2006-10-01

Recent experimental improvements on K-decay data allow for a precise extraction of the strangeness-changing scalar K{pi} form factor and the related strange scalar spectral function. On the basis of this scalar as well as the corresponding pseudoscalar spectral function, the strange quark mass is determined to be m{sub s}(2 GeV)=92{+-}9 MeV. Further taking into account chiral perturbation theory mass ratios, the light up and down quark masses turn out to be m{sub u}(2 GeV)=2.7{+-}0.4 MeV as well as m{sub d}(2 GeV)=4.8{+-}0.5 MeV. As a by-product, we also find a value for the Cabibbo angle |V{sub us}|=0.2236(29) and the ratio of meson decay constants F{sub K}/F{sub {pi}}=1.203(16). Performing a global average of the strange mass by including extractions from other channels as well as lattice QCD results yields m{sub s}(2 GeV)=94{+-}6 MeV.

7. ES1 is a mitochondrial enlarging factor contributing to form mega-mitochondria in zebrafish cones

PubMed Central

Masuda, Takamasa; Wada, Yasutaka; Kawamura, Satoru

2016-01-01

Total mass of mitochondria increases during cell proliferation and differentiation through mitochondrial biogenesis, which includes mitochondrial proliferation and growth. During the mitochondrial growth, individual mitochondria have been considered to be enlarged independently of mitochondrial fusion. However, molecular basis for this enlarging process has been poorly understood. Cone photoreceptor cells in the retina possess large mitochondria, so-called mega-mitochondria that have been considered to arise via the enlarging process. Here we show that ES1 is a novel mitochondria-enlarging factor contributing to form mega-mitochondria in cones. ES1 is specifically expressed in cones and localized to mitochondria including mega-mitochondria. Knockdown of ES1 markedly reduced the mitochondrial size in cones. In contrast, ectopic expression of ES1 in rods significantly increased both the size of individual mitochondria and the total mass of the mitochondrial cluster without changing the number of them. RNA-seq analysis showed that ERRα and its downstream mitochondrial genes were significantly up-regulated in the ES1-expressing rods, suggesting facilitation of mitochondrial enlargement via ERRα-dependent processes. Furthermore, higher energy state was detected in the ES1-expressing rods, indicating that the enlarged mitochondria by ES1 are capable of producing high energy. ES1 is the mitochondrial protein that is first found to promote enlargement of individual mitochondria. PMID:26926452

8. Direct phase-sensitive identification of a d-form factor density wave in underdoped cuprates

PubMed Central

Fujita, Kazuhiro; Hamidian, Mohammad H.; Edkins, Stephen D.; Kim, Chung Koo; Kohsaka, Yuhki; Azuma, Masaki; Takano, Mikio; Takagi, Hidenori; Eisaki, Hiroshi; Uchida, Shin-ichi; Allais, Andrea; Lawler, Michael J.; Kim, Eun-Ah; Sachdev, Subir; Davis, J. C. Séamus

2014-01-01

The identity of the fundamental broken symmetry (if any) in the underdoped cuprates is unresolved. However, evidence has been accumulating that this state may be an unconventional density wave. Here we carry out site-specific measurements within each CuO2 unit cell, segregating the results into three separate electronic structure images containing only the Cu sites [Cu(r)] and only the x/y axis O sites [Ox(r) and Oy(r)]. Phase-resolved Fourier analysis reveals directly that the modulations in the Ox(r) and Oy(r) sublattice images consistently exhibit a relative phase of π. We confirm this discovery on two highly distinct cuprate compounds, ruling out tunnel matrix-element and materials-specific systematics. These observations demonstrate by direct sublattice phase-resolved visualization that the density wave found in underdoped cuprates consists of modulations of the intraunit-cell states that exhibit a predominantly d-symmetry form factor. PMID:24989503

9. Halbach-Magnet-Array-Based Focusing Actuator for Small-Form-Factor Optical Storage Device

Lee, Sung‑Q; Park, Kang‑Ho; Paek, Mun‑Cheal; Kang, Kwang‑Yong

2006-02-01

Small-form-factor optical data storage devices are being developed rapidly nowadays. In the case of a CF-II-type optical data storage device (43×36×5 mm3), its components such as the disk, head, focusing actuator, and spindle motor should be assembled within a 5 mm thickness. Since the thickness specification is tight, each component should be designed to have a small thickness. In this paper, a Halbach magnet array is proposed for the focusing actuator. The proposed Halbach magnet array has the advantage of a thin actuation structure without sacrificing flux densities due to its special magnet array feature that increases the magnetic flux on one side without using a yoke. By finite element method (FEM) analysis, flux density, actuation force and actuator thickness are compared with those of conventional methods. Each dimension of the array is obtained to achieve higher performances. Finally, the working range and the resolution of the focusing actuator are experimentally obtained to verify the feasibility of the proposed idea.

10. Different Choices of the Form Factor in Particle-in-Cell Simulations

Kilian, P.; Ganse, U.; Spanier, F.

2013-04-01

Numerical simulations have proven a valuable tool to study plasma behavior, especially for conditions in astrophysical scenarios and which are not readily accessible under laboratory conditions. Whenever single particle behavior becomes important or the development of non-thermal components is of interest fluid descriptions have to be replaced by more accurate but also more expensive kinetic descriptions. A very popular such method is the Particle-in-Cell method. Conceptually this method combines the integration of motion if individual elementary particles with field quantities that are restricted to a spatial grid. Both the analytic derivation of the method as well as the computational feasibility require the use of phase space samples instead of the more readily envisioned individual elementary particles. Each macroparticle represents an ensemble of particles of one species that are close to each other in phase space and carries the total charge and mass of the ensemble. Unlike the elementary particles the macroparticle does not necessarily have a vanishing spatial extent. Different choices of the form factor, that is spatial distribution of the particle quantities within the macroparticle, are investigated. Included are the standard choices NGP, CIC and TSC as well as new schemes of higher order.

11. Covariant Spectator Theory of np scattering: Deuteron magnetic moment and form factors

SciTech Connect

Gross, Franz L.

2014-06-01

The deuteron magnetic moment is calculated using two model wave functions obtained from 2007 high precision fits to $np$ scattering data. Included in the calculation are a new class of isoscalar $np$ interaction currents which are automatically generated by the nuclear force model used in these fits. After normalizing the wave functions, nearly identical predictions are obtained: model WJC-1, with larger relativistic P-state components, gives 0.863(2), while model WJC-2 with very small $P$-state components gives 0.864(2) These are about 1\\% larger than the measured value of the moment, 0.857 n.m., giving a new prediction for the size of the $\\rho\\pi\\gamma$ exchange, and other purely transverse interaction currents that are largely unconstrained by the nuclear dynamics. The physical significance of these results is discussed, and general formulae for the deuteron form factors, expressed in terms of deuteron wave functions and a new class of interaction current wave functions, are given.

12. Measurement of the gamma gamma* to eta_c transition form factor

SciTech Connect

Lees, J.P.; Poireau, V.; Prencipe, E.; Tisserand, V.; Garra Tico, J.; Grauges, E.; Martinelli, M.; Palano, A.; Pappagallo, M.; Eigen, G.; Stugu, B.; Sun, L.; Battaglia, M.; Brown, D.N.; Hooberman, B.; Kerth, L.T.; Kolomensky, Yu.G.; Lynch, G.; Osipenkov, I.L.; Tanabe, T.; Hawkes, C.M.; /Birmingham U. /Ruhr U., Bochum /British Columbia U. /Brunel U. /Novosibirsk, IYF /UC, Irvine /UC, Riverside /UC, San Diego /UC, Santa Barbara /UC, Santa Cruz /Caltech /Cincinnati U. /Colorado U. /Colorado State U. /Dortmund U. /Dresden, Tech. U. /Ecole Polytechnique /Edinburgh U. /INFN, Ferrara /Ferrara U. /INFN, Ferrara /INFN, Ferrara /Ferrara U. /INFN, Ferrara /INFN, Ferrara /Ferrara U. /Frascati /INFN, Genoa /Genoa U. /INFN, Genoa /INFN, Genoa /Genoa U. /INFN, Genoa /INFN, Genoa /Genoa U. /Indian Inst. Tech., Guwahati /Harvard U. /Heidelberg U. /Humboldt U., Berlin /Imperial Coll., London /Iowa State U. /Iowa State U. /Johns Hopkins U. /Orsay, LAL /LLNL, Livermore /Liverpool U. /Queen Mary, U. of London /Royal Holloway, U. of London /Louisville U. /Mainz U., Inst. Kernphys. /Manchester U. /Maryland U. /Massachusetts U., Amherst /MIT /McGill U. /INFN, Milan /Milan U. /INFN, Milan /INFN, Milan /Milan U. /Mississippi U. /Montreal U. /INFN, Naples /Naples U. /NIKHEF, Amsterdam /NIKHEF, Amsterdam /Notre Dame U. /Ohio State U. /Oregon U. /INFN, Padua /Padua U. /INFN, Padua /INFN, Padua /Padua U. /Paris U., VI-VII /INFN, Perugia /Perugia U. /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore /INFN, Pisa /Pisa U. /INFN, Pisa /Princeton U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /INFN, Rome /INFN, Rome /Rome U. /Rostock U. /Rutherford /DAPNIA, Saclay /SLAC /South Carolina U. /Stanford U., Phys. Dept. /SUNY, Albany /Tel Aviv U. /Tennessee U. /Texas Nuclear Corp., Austin /Texas U., Dallas /INFN, Turin /Turin U. /INFN, Trieste /Trieste U. /Valencia U. /Victoria U. /Warwick U. /Wisconsin U., Madison

2010-04-28

The authors study the reaction e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} e{sup +}e{sup -} {eta}{sub c}, {eta}{sub c} {yields} K{sub S}K{sup {+-}}{pi}{sup {-+}} and obtain {eta}{sub c} mass and width values 2982.2 {+-} 0.4 {+-} 1.6 MeV/c{sup 2} and 31.7 {+-} 1.2 {+-} 0.8 MeV, respectively. They find {Lambda}({eta}{sub c} {yields} {gamma}{gamma}){Beta}({eta}{sub c} {yields} K{bar K}{pi}) = 0.374 {+-} 0.009 {+-} 0.031 keV, and measure the {gamma}{gamma}* {yields} {eta}{sub c} transition form factor in the momentum transfer range from 2 to 50 GeV{sup 2}. The analysis is based on 469 fb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity collected at PEP-II with the BABAR detector at e{sup +}e{sup -} center-of-mass energies near 10.6 GeV.

13. Assessment of Factors Affecting Adolescent Patients’ Compliance with Hawley and Vacuum Formed Retainers

PubMed Central

Mirzakouchaki, Behnam; Sharghi, Reza; Shirazi, Samaneh

2016-01-01

Introduction Success of orthodontic retention with removable retainers almost entirely depends on patients’ compliance. Aim This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between adolescent orthodontic patients’ compliance and various clinical and social factors. Materials and Methods The data were collected from 77 orthodontic patients aged 7-11 years old who had finished the full fixed appliance therapy. Hawley’s retainers were used in 34 patients and 43 patients used Vacuum Formed Retainers (VFRs). The subjects completed a questionnaire including several identifiers allowing the respondents to be classified into subgroups. They were also asked to indicate how long they wore their retainers during the day, by writing the number of hours in the report-card for the next three months. Comparison of the results was performed by one-way ANOVA and independent sample-t tests. Results No significant differences were found between males and females. Type of the retainer, patients’ grade of study, mothers’ occupation, clinicians’ and parents’ attitudes and filling the report cards had significant effect on mean wear hours per day. When compliance of the patients was assessed according to treatment location, Living place, parents’ educational degrees and ethnicity, no significant differences could be found. Conclusion The adolescent patients’ compliance was greater with VFRs than with Hawley’s retainers. Parental attitude and doctor-patient relationship had a great impact on adolescent patients’ compliance. PMID:27504404

14. Virtuality Distributions in application to gamma gamma* to pi^0 Transition Form Factor at Handbag Level

SciTech Connect

2014-07-01

We outline basics of a new approach to transverse momentum dependence in hard processes. As an illustration, we consider hard exclusive transition process gamma*gamma -> to pi^0 at the handbag level. Our starting point is coordinate representation for matrix elements of operators (in the simplest case, bilocal O(0,z)) describing a hadron with momentum p. Treated as functions of (pz) and z^2, they are parametrized through a virtuality distribution amplitude (VDA) Phi (x, sigma), with x being Fourier-conjugate to (pz) and sigma Laplace-conjugate to z^2. For intervals with z^+=0, we introduce transverse momentum distribution amplitude (TMDA) Psi (x, k_\\perp), and write it in terms of VDA Phi (x, \\sigma). The results of covariant calculations, written in terms of Phi (x sigma) are converted into expressions involving Psi (x, k_\\perp. Starting with scalar toy models, we extend the analysis onto the case of spin-1/2 quarks and QCD. We propose simple models for soft VDAs/TMDAs, and use them for comparison of handbag results with experimental (BaBar and BELLE) data on the pion transition form factor. We also discuss how one can generate high-k_\\perp tails from primordial soft distributions.

15. Atomic-scale electronic structure of the cuprate d-symmetry form factor density wave state

Hamidian, M. H.; Edkins, S. D.; Kim, Chung Koo; Davis, J. C.; MacKenzie, A. P.; Eisaki, H.; Uchida, S.; Lawler, M. J.; Kim, E.-A.; Sachdev, S.; Fujita, K.

2016-02-01

Research on high-temperature superconducting cuprates is at present focused on identifying the relationship between the classic pseudogap’ phenomenon and the more recently investigated density wave state. This state is generally characterized by a wavevector Q parallel to the planar Cu-O-Cu bonds along with a predominantly d-symmetry form factor (dFF-DW). To identify the microscopic mechanism giving rise to this state, one must identify the momentum-space states contributing to the dFF-DW spectral weight, determine their particle-hole phase relationship about the Fermi energy, establish whether they exhibit a characteristic energy gap, and understand the evolution of all these phenomena throughout the phase diagram. Here we use energy-resolved sublattice visualization of electronic structure and reveal that the characteristic energy of the dFF-DW modulations is actually the pseudogap’ energy Δ1. Moreover, we demonstrate that the dFF-DW modulations at E = -Δ1 (filled states) occur with relative phase π compared to those at E = Δ1 (empty states). Finally, we show that the conventionally defined dFF-DW Q corresponds to scattering between the hot frontier’ regions of momentum-space beyond which Bogoliubov quasiparticles cease to exist. These data indicate that the cuprate dFF-DW state involves particle-hole interactions focused at the pseudogap energy scale and between the four pairs of hot frontier’ regions in momentum space where the pseudogap opens.

16. ES1 is a mitochondrial enlarging factor contributing to form mega-mitochondria in zebrafish cones.

PubMed

Masuda, Takamasa; Wada, Yasutaka; Kawamura, Satoru

2016-01-01

Total mass of mitochondria increases during cell proliferation and differentiation through mitochondrial biogenesis, which includes mitochondrial proliferation and growth. During the mitochondrial growth, individual mitochondria have been considered to be enlarged independently of mitochondrial fusion. However, molecular basis for this enlarging process has been poorly understood. Cone photoreceptor cells in the retina possess large mitochondria, so-called mega-mitochondria that have been considered to arise via the enlarging process. Here we show that ES1 is a novel mitochondria-enlarging factor contributing to form mega-mitochondria in cones. ES1 is specifically expressed in cones and localized to mitochondria including mega-mitochondria. Knockdown of ES1 markedly reduced the mitochondrial size in cones. In contrast, ectopic expression of ES1 in rods significantly increased both the size of individual mitochondria and the total mass of the mitochondrial cluster without changing the number of them. RNA-seq analysis showed that ERRα and its downstream mitochondrial genes were significantly up-regulated in the ES1-expressing rods, suggesting facilitation of mitochondrial enlargement via ERRα-dependent processes. Furthermore, higher energy state was detected in the ES1-expressing rods, indicating that the enlarged mitochondria by ES1 are capable of producing high energy. ES1 is the mitochondrial protein that is first found to promote enlargement of individual mitochondria. PMID:26926452

17. Overview of nucleon form factor experiments with 12 GeV at Jefferson Lab

Cisbani, Evaristo

2014-06-01

Since the R. Hofstadter pioneering experiments in the '50s, the measurements of the electromagnetic space-like nucleon form factors (FF's) have been a precious source of information for the understanding of the internal structure of the nucleons. In the last 15 years, the polarization transfer experiments at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) have undermined our view of the mechanism of the electron scattering and renewed critical interest in the FF measurements. In the coming years, JLab, with its upgraded 12 GeV polarized, high intensity, electron beam combined to new targets and readout equipments, will offer unprecedented opportunities to extend the current proton and neutron FF's measurements to higher momentum transfer Q2 and to improve statistical and uncertainties at lower Q2, where the nucleon size can be accurately investigated. The measurements at high Q2 will provide also new insights on the elusive quark orbital angular momenta, will contribute to constraint two of the nucleon Generalized Parton Distributions that are expected to describe more consistently the nucleon structure, and in general will test the validity of quite a few fundamental nucleon models in a region of transition between perturbative and non perturbative regimes. A selection of the relevant properties of the FF's, and the main results of JLab are shortly reviewed; the new proposed and approved experiments on FF's at JLab are presented addressing some key details, the expected experimental achievements and the new equipment designed for them.

18. Measurements of the electromagnetic form factor of the Proton at Jlab

SciTech Connect

Vina Punjabi; Charles Perdrisat

2003-04-01

The ratio of the proton's elastic electromagnetic form factors G{sub E{sub p}}/G{sub M{sub p}} was obtained by measuring P{sub t} and P{sub {ell}}, the transverse and longitudinal recoil proton polarization, respectively. For the elastic reaction {rvec e}p {yields} e{rvec p}, G{sub E{sub p}}/G{sub M{sub p}} is proportional to P{sub t}/P{sub {ell}}. The simultaneous measurement of P{sub t} and P{sub {ell}} in a polarimeter reduces systematic uncertainties. The results for the ratio G{sub E{sub p}}/G{sub M{sub p}} measured in Hall A so far show a systematic decrease with increasing Q{sup 2}, indicating for the first time a definite difference in the distribution of charge and magnetization in the proton. Together these experiments cover the Q{sub 2}- range of 0.5 to 5.6 GeV{sup 2}. A new experiment is currently being prepared, to extend the Q{sup 2}-range to 9 GeV{sup 2} in Hall C.

19. Hadronic form factor models and spectroscopy within the gauge/gravity correspondence

SciTech Connect

de Teramond, Guy F.; Brodsky, Stanley J.; /SLAC

2012-03-20

20. Scattering from phase-separated vesicles. I. An analytical form factor for multiple static domains

DOE PAGESBeta

Heberle, Frederick A.; Anghel, Vinicius N. P.; Katsaras, John

2015-08-18

This is the first in a series of studies considering elastic scattering from laterally heterogeneous lipid vesicles containing multiple domains. Unique among biophysical tools, small-angle neutron scattering can in principle give detailed information about the size, shape and spatial arrangement of domains. A general theory for scattering from laterally heterogeneous vesicles is presented, and the analytical form factor for static domains with arbitrary spatial configuration is derived, including a simplification for uniformly sized round domains. The validity of the model, including series truncation effects, is assessed by comparison with simulated data obtained from a Monte Carlo method. Several aspects ofmore » the analytical solution for scattering intensity are discussed in the context of small-angle neutron scattering data, including the effect of varying domain size and number, as well as solvent contrast. Finally, the analysis indicates that effects of domain formation are most pronounced when the vesicle's average scattering length density matches that of the surrounding solvent.« less

1. Evolved QCD predictions for the meson-photon transition form factors: beyond the semiclassical AdS/QCD approximation

SciTech Connect

Brodsky, Stanley J.; Cao, Fu-Guang; de Teramond, Guy F.; /Costa Rica U.

2011-11-04

The QCD evolution of the pion distribution amplitude (DA) {phi}{sub {pi}} (x, Q{sup 2}) is computed for several commonly used models. Our analysis includes the nonperturbative form predicted by lightfront holographic QCD, thus combining the nonperturbative bound state dynamics of the pion with the perturbative ERBL evolution of the pion distribution amplitude. We calculate the meson-photon transition form factors for the {pi}{sup 0}, {eta} and {eta}' using the hard-scattering formalism. We point out that a widely-used approximation of replacing {phi} (x; (1 - x)Q) with {phi} (x;Q) in the calculations will unjustifiably reduce the predictions for the meson-photon transition form factors. It is found that the four models of the pion DA discussed give very different predictions for the Q{sup 2} dependence of the meson-photon transition form factors in the region of Q{sup 2} > 30 GeV{sup 2}. More accurate measurements of these transition form factors at the large Q{sup 2} region will be able to distinguish the four models of the pion DA. The rapid growth of the large Q{sup 2} data for the pion-photon transition form factor reported by the BABAR Collaboration is difficult to explain within the current framework of QCD. If the BABAR data for the meson-photon transition form factor for the {pi}{sup 0} is confirmed, it could indicate physics beyond-the-standard model, such as a weakly-coupled elementary C = + axial vector or pseudoscalar z{sup 0} in the few GeV domain, an elementary field which would provide the coupling {gamma}{sup *}{gamma} {yields} z{sup 0} {yields} {pi}{sup 0} at leading twist. Our analysis thus indicates the importance of additional measurements of the pion-photon transition form factor at large Q{sup 2}.

2. Hereditary heat-labile hexosaminidase B: its implication for recognizing Tay-Sachs genotypes.

PubMed

Navon, R; Nutman, J; Kopel, R; Gaber, L; Gadoth, N; Goldman, B; Nitzan, M

1981-11-01

Two pairs of alleles, at the two loci of hexosaminidase (HEX), were found to segregate in an Arab inbred family: the normal and the mutant Tay-Sachs (TSD) alleles of HEX A, and the normal and a mutant allele of HEX B. Since the mutant HEX B is heat labile, no reliable identification of TSD genotypes can be obtained in its presence, as long as the proportions of HEX A and B are estimated by the routinely used heat-inactivation method. The genotypes may be correctly identified in such cases by separation of the two isoenzymes on ion-exchange chromatography, estimating their individual activities, and calculating the ratio between them. Of the nine genotype combinations possible with these two pairs of alleles, five have been identified in the reported family by this procedure. PMID:6459736

3. Lower frequency of Gaucher disease carriers among Tay-Sachs disease carriers.

PubMed

Peleg, L; Frisch, A; Goldman, B; Karpaty, M; Narinsky, R; Bronstein, S; Frydman, M

1998-01-01

The heterozygote frequency of Gaucher disease (GD) and Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is distinctly high among Ashkenazi Jews (1:29 for TSD and 1:16 for GD). Two main theories have been suggested to explain this high occurrence: a founder effect with subsequent genetic drift, and a selective advantage of heterozygotes. We compared the frequency of the GD most common mutation (1226A-->G) among carriers of the common TSD mutation (+1277 TATC) with the frequency of this mutation in the general Ashkenazi population. The frequency of GD carriers among 308 TSD heterozygotes was 1:28 which is about half the expected (P = 0.03). These results indicate that carriers of both diseases do not possess additional evolutionary advantage over single mutation carriers. A reasonable interpretation of these findings is that one or both mutations have arisen relatively recently in different regions of Europe and have not yet reached genetic equilibrium. PMID:9781065

4. Heterozygote screening for Tay-Sachs disease: past successes and future challenges.

PubMed

Natowicz, M R; Prence, E M

1996-12-01

Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is an autosomal recessive, neurodegenerative disorder caused by a deficiency of beta-hexosaminidase A activity. Mass screening for TSD heterozygotes has been routine in the Ashkenazi Jewish population since the early 1970s. Recent advances in the molecular genetics and epidemiology of TSD require a reevaluation of heterozygote screening practices. The use of DNA-based analyses for a panel of common mutations detects about 98% of TSD mutations found in the Ashkenazi Jews and about 50% of TSD mutations found in the general non-Jewish population; enzyme-based analysis has nearly 100% sensitivity for all populations. We recommend 1) that members of several ethnic groups and persons with a family history consistent with TSD be offered testing for TSD heterozygosity and 2) that assays of enzyme activity be used as the primary screening tool, with mutation analysis used as an adjunct tool in certain cases. PMID:9018448

5. Large-scale structure and integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in decaying vacuum cosmology

Velten, H.; Borges, H. A.; Carneiro, S.; Fazolo, R.; Gomes, S.

2015-09-01

The concordance particle creation model - a class of Λ(t) Cold Dark Matter (CDM) cosmologies - is studied using large-scale structure (LSS) formation, with particular attention to the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect. The evolution of the gravitational potential and the amplitude of the cross-correlation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) signal with LSS surveys are calculated in detail. We properly include in our analysis the peculiarities involving the baryonic dynamics of the Λ(t)CDM model which were not included in previous works. Although both the Λ(t)CDM and the standard cosmology are in agreement with available data for the CMB-LSS correlation, the former presents a slightly higher signal which can be identified with future data.

6. Two-oscillator Kantowski-Sachs model of the Schwarzschild black hole interior

Djordjevic, Goran S.; Nesic, Ljubisa; Radovancevic, Darko

2016-08-01

In this paper the interior of the Schwarzschild black hole, which is presented as a vacuum, homogeneous and anisotropic Kantowski-Sachs minisuperspace cosmological model, is considered. Lagrangian of the model is reduced by a suitable coordinate transformation to Lagrangian of two decoupled oscillators with the same frequencies and with zero energy in total (an oscillator-ghost-oscillator system). The model is presented in a classical, a p-adic and a noncommutative case. Then, within the standard quantum approach Wheeler-DeWitt equation and its general solutions, i.e. a wave function of the model is written, and then an adelic wave function is constructed. Finally, thermodynamics of the model is studied by using the Feynman-Hibbs procedure.

7. A MAP OF THE INTEGRATED SACHS-WOLFE SIGNAL FROM LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES

SciTech Connect

Granett, Benjamin R.; Neyrinck, Mark C.; Szapudi, Istvan

2009-08-10

We construct a map of the time derivative of the gravitational potential traced by Sloan Digital Sky Survey luminous red galaxies (LRGs). The potential decays on large scales due to cosmic acceleration, leaving an imprint on cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation through the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect. With a template fit, we directly measure this signature on the CMB at a 2{sigma} confidence level. The measurement is consistent with the cross-correlation statistic, strengthening the claim that dark energy is indeed the cause of the correlation. This new approach potentially simplifies the cosmological interpretation. Our constructed linear ISW map shows no evidence for degree-scale cold and hot spots associated with supervoid and supercluster structures. This suggests that the linear ISW effect in a concordance {lambda}CDM cosmology is insufficient to explain the strong CMB imprints from these structures that we previously reported.

8. The integrated Sachs-Wolfe imprint of cosmic superstructures: a problem for ΛCDM

SciTech Connect

2012-06-01

A crucial diagnostic of the ΛCDM cosmological model is the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect of large-scale structure on the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The ISW imprint of superstructures of size ∼ 100 h{sup −1}Mpc at redshift z ∼ 0.5 has been detected with > 4σ significance, however it has been noted that the signal is much larger than expected. We revisit the calculation using linear theory predictions in ΛCDM cosmology for the number density of superstructures and their radial density profile, and take possible selection effects into account. While our expected signal is larger than previous estimates, it is still inconsistent by > 3σ with the observation. If the observed signal is indeed due to the ISW effect then huge, extremely underdense voids are far more common in the observed universe than predicted by ΛCDM.

9. Late-onset Tay-Sachs disease: the spectrum of peripheral neuropathy in 30 affected patients.

PubMed

Shapiro, Barbara E; Logigian, Eric L; Kolodny, Edwin H; Pastores, Gregory M

2008-08-01

Late-onset Tay-Sachs (LOTS) disease is a chronic, progressive, lysosomal storage disorder caused by a partial deficiency of beta-hexosaminidase A (HEXA) activity. Deficient levels of HEXA result in the intracellular accumulation of GM2-ganglioside, resulting in toxicity to nerve cells. Clinical manifestations primarily involve the central nervous system (CNS) and lower motor neurons, and include ataxia, weakness, spasticity, dysarthria, dysphagia, dystonia, seizures, psychosis, mania, depression, and cognitive decline. The prevalence of peripheral nervous system (PNS) involvement in LOTS has not been well documented, but it has traditionally been thought to be very low. We examined a cohort of 30 patients with LOTS who underwent clinical and electrophysiologic examination, and found evidence of a predominantly axon loss polyneuropathy affecting distal nerve segments in the lower and upper extremities in eight patients (27%). PMID:18642377

10. Anisotropic Kantowski-Sachs universe from gravitational tunneling and its observational signatures

SciTech Connect

Adamek, Julian; Campo, David; Niemeyer, Jens C.

2010-10-15

In a landscape of compactifications with different numbers of macroscopic dimensions, it is possible that our Universe has nucleated from a vacuum where some of our four large dimensions were compact while other, now compact, directions were macroscopic. From our perspective, this shapeshifting can be perceived as an anisotropic background spacetime. As an example, we present a model where our Universe emerged from a tunneling event which involves the decompactification of two dimensions compactified on the two-sphere. In this case, our Universe is of the Kantowski-Sachs type and therefore homogeneous and anisotropic. We study the deviations from statistical isotropy of the cosmic microwave background induced by the anisotropic curvature, with particular attention to the anomalies. The model predicts a quadrupolar power asymmetry with the same sign and acoustic oscillations as found by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe. The amplitude of the effect is however too small given the current estimated bound on anisotropic curvature derived from the quadrupole.

11. Phenomenology of Semileptonic B-Meson Decays with Form Factors from Lattice QCD

DOE PAGESBeta

Du, Daping; El-Khadra, A. X.; Gottlieb, Steven; Kronfeld, A. S.; Laiho, J.; Lunghi, E.; Van de Water, R. S.; Zhou, Ran

2016-02-03

We study the exclusive semileptonic B-meson decays B→K(π)ℓ+ℓ-, B→K(π)νν¯, and B→πτν, computing observables in the Standard model using the recent lattice-QCD results for the underlying form factors from the Fermilab Lattice and MILC Collaborations. These processes provide theoretically clean windows into physics beyond the Standard Model because the hadronic uncertainties are now under good control. The resulting partially-integrated branching fractions for B→πμ+μ- and B→Kμ+μ- outside the charmonium resonance region are 1-2σ higher than the LHCb Collaboration's recent measurements, where the theoretical and experimental errors are commensurate. The combined tension is 1.7σ. Combining the Standard-Model rates with LHCb's measurements yields valuesmore » for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements |Vtd|=7.45(69)×10-3, |Vts|=35.7(1.5)×10-3, and |Vtd/Vts|=0.201(20), which are compatible with the values obtained from neutral B(s)-meson oscillations and have competitive uncertainties. Alternatively, taking the CKM matrix elements from unitarity, we constrain new-physics contributions at the electroweak scale. Furthermore, the constraints on the Wilson coefficients Re(C9) and Re(C10) from B→πμ+μ- and B→Kμ+μ- are competitive with those from B→K*μ+μ-, and display a 2.0σ tension with the Standard Model. Our predictions for B→K(π)νν¯ and B→πτν are close to the current experimental limits.« less

12. Atomic-scale electronic structure of the cuprate d-symmetry form factor density wave state

DOE PAGESBeta

M. H. Hamidian; Kim, Chung Koo; Edkins, S. D.; Davis, J. C.; Mackenzie, A. P.; Eisaki, H.; Uchida, S.; Lawler, M. J.; Kim, E. -A.; Sachdev, S.; et al

2015-10-26

Research on high-temperature superconducting cuprates is at present focused on identifying the relationship between the classic ‘pseudogap’ phenomenon1, 2 and the more recently investigated density wave state3–13. This state is generally characterized by a wavevector Q parallel to the planar Cu–O–Cu bonds 4–13 along with a predominantly d-symmetry form factor 14–17 (dFF-DW). To identify the microscopic mechanism giving rise to this state 18–30, one must identify the momentum-space states contributing to the dFF-DW spectral weight, determine their particle–hole phase relationship about the Fermi energy, establish whether they exhibit a characteristic energy gap, and understand the evolution of all these phenomenamore » throughout the phase diagram. Here we use energy-resolved sublattice visualization14 of electronic structure and reveal that the characteristic energy of the dFF-DW modulations is actually the ‘pseudogap’ energy Δ1. Moreover, we demonstrate that the dFF-DW modulations at E = –Δ1 (filled states) occur with relative phase π compared to those at E = Δ1 (empty states). Lastly, we show that the conventionally defined dFF-DW Q corresponds to scattering between the ‘hot frontier’ regions of momentum-space beyond which Bogoliubov quasiparticles cease to exist30–32. These data indicate that the cuprate dFF-DW state involves particle–hole interactions focused at the pseudogap energy scale and between the four pairs of ‘hot frontier’ regions in momentum space where the pseudogap opens.« less

13. Atomic-scale electronic structure of the cuprate d-symmetry form factor density wave state

SciTech Connect

M. H. Hamidian; Kim, Chung Koo; Edkins, S. D.; Davis, J. C.; Mackenzie, A. P.; Eisaki, H.; Uchida, S.; Lawler, M. J.; Kim, E. -A.; Sachdev, S.; Fujita, K.

2015-10-26

Research on high-temperature superconducting cuprates is at present focused on identifying the relationship between the classic ‘pseudogap’ phenomenon1, 2 and the more recently investigated density wave state3–13. This state is generally characterized by a wavevector Q parallel to the planar Cu–O–Cu bonds 4–13 along with a predominantly d-symmetry form factor 14–17 (dFF-DW). To identify the microscopic mechanism giving rise to this state 18–30, one must identify the momentum-space states contributing to the dFF-DW spectral weight, determine their particle–hole phase relationship about the Fermi energy, establish whether they exhibit a characteristic energy gap, and understand the evolution of all these phenomena throughout the phase diagram. Here we use energy-resolved sublattice visualization14 of electronic structure and reveal that the characteristic energy of the dFF-DW modulations is actually the ‘pseudogap’ energy Δ1. Moreover, we demonstrate that the dFF-DW modulations at E = –Δ1 (filled states) occur with relative phase π compared to those at E = Δ1 (empty states). Lastly, we show that the conventionally defined dFF-DW Q corresponds to scattering between the ‘hot frontier’ regions of momentum-space beyond which Bogoliubov quasiparticles cease to exist30–32. These data indicate that the cuprate dFF-DW state involves particle–hole interactions focused at the pseudogap energy scale and between the four pairs of ‘hot frontier’ regions in momentum space where the pseudogap opens.

14. Phenomenology of Semileptonic B-Meson Decays with Form Factors from Lattice QCD

SciTech Connect

Du, Daping; El-Khadra, A. X.; Gottlieb, Steven; Kronfeld, A. S.; Laiho, J.; Lunghi, E.; Van de Water, R. S.; Zhou, Ran

2015-10-08

We study the exclusive semileptonic B-meson decays B→K(π)ℓ+-, B→K(π)νν¯, and B→πτν, computing observables in the Standard model using the recent lattice-QCD results for the underlying form factors from the Fermilab Lattice and MILC Collaborations. These processes provide theoretically clean windows into physics beyond the Standard Model because the hadronic uncertainties are now under good control. The resulting partially-integrated branching fractions for B→πμ+μ- and B→Kμ+μ- outside the charmonium resonance region are 1-2σ higher than the LHCb Collaboration's recent measurements, where the theoretical and experimental errors are commensurate. The combined tension is 1.7σ. Combining the Standard-Model rates with LHCb's measurements yields values for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements |Vtd|=7.45(69)×10-3, |Vts|=35.7(1.5)×10-3, and |Vtd/Vts|=0.201(20), which are compatible with the values obtained from neutral B(s)-meson oscillations and have competitive uncertainties. Alternatively, taking the CKM matrix elements from unitarity, we constrain new-physics contributions at the electroweak scale. Furthermore, the constraints on the Wilson coefficients Re(C9) and Re(C10) from B→πμ+μ- and B→Kμ+μ- are competitive with those from B→K*μ+μ-, and display a 2.0σ tension with the Standard Model. Our predictions for B→K(π)νν¯ and B→πτν are close to the current experimental limits.

15. Novel enhancement of thin-form-factor galvanic cells: Probing halogenated organic oxidizers and metal anodes

Cardenas-Valencia, Andres M.; Adornato, Lori; Short, R. Timothy; Langebrake, Larry

The work reported herein demonstrates a novel method to improve the overall performance of thin-form-factor galvanic cells, fabricated via micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) processes. Use of solid, low cost, cyclic-halogenated, organic catholyte materials permits water activation of cells consisting of metal anode and catalytic platinum positive electrodes. Similar cells, employing aluminum and zinc anodes, have been activated using sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solutions, i.e. bleach, in the past. The oxidizers chosen for this study (bromo-, chloro- and iodo-succinimides, and sodium dichloroisocyanuric acid) supply the cathode's oxy-halogenated ions when in contact with water. Zinc, magnesium and aluminum anodes are utilized to fabricate galvanic cells. A comparison between these anodes, coupled with various oxidizers, is included herein. Results using aluminum anode cells show that, even though the utilization efficiency of the catholyte reagents is low (faradic efficiencies between 16 and 19%), the performance of the new water-activated cells (6 cm × 6 cm × 0.25 cm) is superior when compared to those activated with bleach. For instance, operational lives of 6 h (activation with 10% NaClO solution) increase to more than 30 h using the new approach, with a 100-ohm-load. It is also shown that specific energies of 90-110 Wh kg -1 (calculated to include both reagent and packaging mass) could be obtained using the described approach with current draws between 10 and 20 mA. The specific energies obtained suggest that novel MEMS-type cells could have much broader application than low-current, bleach-activated cells.

16. Isolation and characterization of a regulated form of actin depolymerizing factor.

PubMed

Morgan, T E; Lockerbie, R O; Minamide, L S; Browning, M D; Bamburg, J R

1993-08-01

17. Restoration of the GM2 ganglioside metabolism in bone marrow-derived stromal cells from Tay-Sachs disease animal model.

PubMed

Martino, S; Cavalieri, C; Emiliani, C; Dolcetta, D; Cusella De Angelis, M G; Chigorno, V; Severini, G M; Sandhoff, K; Bordignon, C; Sonnino, S; Orlacchio, A

2002-08-01

The therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived stromal cells for the therapy of Tay-Sachs disease is primarily related to the restoration of their own GM2 ganglioside storage. With this aim, we produced bone marrow-derived stromal cells from the adult Tay-Sachs animal model and transduced them with a retroviral vector encoding for the alpha-subunit of the lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase A (E.C. 3.2.1.52). Our results demonstrate that transduced Tay-Sachs bone marrow-derived stromal cells have beta-hexosaminidase A comparable to that of bone marrow-derived stromal cells from wild-type mice. Moreover, beta-hexosaminidase A in transduced Tay-Sachs bone marrow-derived stromal cells was able to hydrolyze the GM2 ganglioside in a feeding experiment, thus demonstrating the correction of the altered phenotype. PMID:12374215

18. {lambda}{sub b}{yields}p, {lambda} transition form factors from QCD light-cone sum rules

SciTech Connect

Wang Yuming; Lue Caidian; Shen Yuelong

2009-10-01

Light-cone sum rules for the {lambda}{sub b}{yields}p, {lambda} transition form factors are derived from the correlation functions expanded by the twist of the distribution amplitudes of the {lambda}{sub b} baryon. In terms of the {lambda}{sub b} three-quark distribution amplitude models constrained by the QCD theory, we calculate the form factors at small momentum transfers and compare the results with those estimated in the conventional light-cone sum rules (LCSR) and perturbative QCD approaches. Our results indicate that the two different versions of sum rules can lead to the consistent numbers of form factors responsible for {lambda}{sub b}{yields}p transition. The {lambda}{sub b}{yields}{lambda} transition form factors from LCSR with the asymptotic {lambda} baryon distribution amplitudes are found to be almost 1 order larger than those obtained in the {lambda}{sub b}-baryon LCSR, implying that the preasymptotic corrections to the baryonic distribution amplitudes are of great importance. Moreover, the SU(3) symmetry breaking effects between the form factors f{sub 1}{sup {lambda}{sub b}}{sup {yields}}{sup p} and f{sub 1}{sup {lambda}{sub b}}{sup {yields}}{sup {lambda}} are computed as 28{sub -8}{sup +14}% in the framework of {lambda}{sub b}-baryon LCSR.

19. Measurement of the Neutron electric form factor at Q2=0.8 2(GeV\\\\c)

SciTech Connect

Derek Glazier

2007-09-30

Nucleon form factors allow a sensitive test for models of the nucleon. Recent experiments utilising polarisation observables have resulted, for the first time, in a model-independent determination of the neutron electric form factor GnE. This method employed an 80% longitudinally polarised, high intensity (10 uA) electon beam (883 MeV) that was quasi-elastically scattered off a liquid deuterium target in the reaction D (e, en)p. A neutron polarimeter was designed and installed to measure the ratio of transverse-to-longitudinal polarisation using neutron scattering asymmetries. This ratio allowed a determination of the neutron elastic form factor, GnE, free of the previous large systematic uncertainties associated with the deuterium wave function. The experiment took place in the A1 experimental hall at MAMI taking advantage of a high resolution magnetic spectrometer. A detailed investigation was carried out into the performance of the neutron polarimeter.

20. Anomalous tensor magnetic moments and form factors of the proton in the self-consistent chiral quark-soliton model

Ledwig, Tim; Silva, Antonio; Kim, Hyun-Chul

2010-09-01

We investigate the form factors of the chiral-odd nucleon matrix element of the tensor current. In particular, we aim at the anomalous tensor magnetic form factors of the nucleon within the framework of the SU(3) and SU(2) chiral quark-soliton model. We consider 1/Nc rotational corrections and linear effects of SU(3) symmetry breaking with the symmetry-conserving quantization employed. We first obtain the results of the anomalous tensor magnetic moments for the up and down quarks: κTu=3.56 and κTd=1.83, respectively. The strange anomalous tensor magnetic moment is yielded to be κTs=0.2˜-0.2, that is compatible with zero. We also calculate the corresponding form factors κTq(Q2) up to a momentum transfer Q2≤1GeV2 at a renormalization scale of 0.36GeV2.

1. First results for electromagnetic three-nucleon form factors from high-precision two-nucleon interactions

SciTech Connect

Sergio Alexandre Pinto; Stadler, Alfred; Gross, Franz L.

2010-01-01

The electromagnetic form factors of the three-nucleon bound states were calculated in Complete Impulse Approximation in the framework of the Covariant Spectator Theory for the new high-precision two-nucleon interaction models WJC-1 and WJC-2. The calculations use an approximation for the three-nucleon vertex functions with two nucleons off mass shell. The form factors with WJC-2 are close to the ones obtained with the older model W16 and to nonrelativistic potential calculations with lowest-order relativistic corrections, while the form factors with the most precise two-nucleon model WJC-1 exhibit larger differences. These results can be understood when the effect of the different types of pion-nucleon coupling used in the various models is examined.

2. D → a1, f1 transition form factors and semileptonic decays via 3-point QCD sum rules

Zuo, Yabing; Hu, Yue; He, Linlin; Yang, Wei; Chen, Yan; Hao, Yannan

2016-07-01

By using the 3-point QCD sum rules, we calculate the transition form factors of D decays into the spin triplet axial vector mesons a1(1260), f1(1285), f1(1420). In the calculations, we consider the quark contents of each meson in detail. In view of the fact that the isospin of a1(1260) is one, we calculate the D+ → a 10(1260) and D0 → a 1‑(1260) transition form factors separately. In the case of f1(1285), f1(1420), the mixing between light flavor SU(3) singlet and octet is taken into account. Based on the form factors obtained here, we give predictions for the branching ratios of relevant semileptonic decays, which can be tested in the future experiments.

3. Peer Interaction in the Foreign Language Classroom: What Factors Foster a Focus on Form?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Philp, Jenefer; Walter, Susan; Basturkmen, Helen

2010-01-01

Peer interaction may facilitate acquisition through fostering learner production, feedback, and noticing of form. This study examined learners' awareness of form during peer interaction in role-play and discussion tasks over a three-week period of a tertiary intermediate-level French class. The data for the study comprised transcribed recordings…

4. Factor Structure of the BASC-2 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System Student Form

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dowdy, Erin; Twyford, Jennifer M.; Chin, Jenna K.; DiStefano, Christine A.; Kamphaus, Randy W.; Mays, Kristen L.

2011-01-01

The BASC-2 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System (BESS) Student Form (Kamphaus & Reynolds, 2007) is a recently developed youth self-report rating scale designed to identify students at risk for behavioral and emotional problems. The BESS Student Form was derived from the Behavior Assessment System for Children-Second Edition Self-Report of…

5. von Willebrand factor and factor VIII are independently required to form stable occlusive thrombi in injured veins

PubMed Central

Chauhan, Anil K.; Kisucka, Janka; Lamb, Colin B.; Bergmeier, Wolfgang

2007-01-01

von Willebrand factor (VWF) protects factor VIII (FVIII) from proteolysis and mediates the initial contact of platelets with the injured vessel wall, thus playing an important role in hemostasis and thrombosis. VWF is crucial for the formation of occlusive thrombi at arterial shear rates. However, with only a few conflicting studies published, the role of VWF in venous thrombosis is still unclear. Using gene-targeted mice, we show that in ferric chloride–injured veins platelet adhesion to subendothelium is decreased and thrombus growth is impaired in VWF−/− mice when compared with wild type (WT). We also observed increased embolization in the VWF−/− mice, which was due to lower FVIII levels in these mice as recombinant factor VIII (r-FVIII) restored thrombus stability. Despite normalization of blood clotting time and thrombus stability after r-FVIII infusion, the VWF−/− venules did not occlude. Transgenic platelets lacking the VWF receptor GPIbα extracellular domain showed decreased adhesion to injured veins. But, after a delay, all the injured venules occluded in these transgenic mice. Thus, VWF likely uses other adhesion receptors besides GPIbα in thrombus growth under venous shear conditions. Our studies document crucial roles for VWF and FVIII in experimental thrombosis under venous flow conditions in vivo. PMID:17119108

6. A Global Analysis of the Strange Vector and Axial Form Factors of the Nucleon and their Uncertainties

SciTech Connect

Schaub, John

2010-07-01

We studied the strange contributions to the elastic vector and axial form factors of the nucleon using all available elastic electroweak scattering data. Specifically, we combine elastic nu-p and nubar-p scattering cross-section data from the Brookhaven E734 experiment with elastic ep and quasi-elastic ed and e-4He scattering parity-violating asymmetry data from the SAMPLE, HAPPEx, PVA4 and G0 experiments. We not only determined these form factors at individual values of momentum-transfer (Q2), as other groups have done recently, but also fit the Q2-dependence of these form factors using simple functional forms. I present an overview of the G0 backward-angle experiment as well as the results of these fits using existing data, along with some expectations of how we can improve our knowledge of these form factors if the MicroBooNE collaboration completes their experiment.

7. On determinant representations of scalar products and form factors in the SoV approach: the XXX case

Kitanine, N.; Maillet, J. M.; Niccoli, G.; Terras, V.

2016-03-01

In the present article we study the form factors of quantum integrable lattice models solvable by the separation of variables (SoVs) method. It was recently shown that these models admit universal determinant representations for the scalar products of the so-called separate states (a class which includes in particular all the eigenstates of the transfer matrix). These results permit to obtain simple expressions for the matrix elements of local operators (form factors). However, these representations have been obtained up to now only for the completely inhomogeneous versions of the lattice models considered. In this article we give a simple algebraic procedure to rewrite the scalar products (and hence the form factors) for the SoV related models as Izergin or Slavnov type determinants. This new form leads to simple expressions for the form factors in the homogeneous and thermodynamic limits. To make the presentation of our method clear, we have chosen to explain it first for the simple case of the XXX Heisenberg chain with anti-periodic boundary conditions. We would nevertheless like to stress that the approach presented in this article applies as well to a wide range of models solved in the SoV framework.

8. Influence of Kinetic and Thermodynamic Factors on the Glass-Forming Ability of Zirconium-Based Bulk Amorphous Alloys

SciTech Connect

Mukherjee, S.; Johnson, W.L.; Rhim, W.-K.; Schroers, J.

2005-06-24

The time-temperature-transformation curves for three zirconium-based bulk amorphous alloys are measured to identify the primary factors influencing their glass-forming ability. The melt viscosity is found to have the most pronounced influence on the glass-forming ability compared to other thermodynamic factors. Surprisingly, it is found that the better glass former has a lower crystal-melt interfacial tension. This contradictory finding is explained by the icosahedral short-range order of the undercooled liquid, which on one hand reduces the interfacial tension, while on the other hand increases its viscosity.

9. Low Q^2 measurements of the proton form factor ratio $mu_p G_E / G_M$

SciTech Connect

Ron, G; Zhan, X; Lee, B; Allada, K; Armstrong, W; Arrington, J; Beck, A; Benmokhtar, F; Berman, B L; Boeglin, W; Brash, E; Camsonne, A; Calarco, J; Chen, J P; Choi, S; Chudakov, E; Coman, L; Craver, B; Cusanno, F; Dumas, J; Dutta, C; Feuerbach, R; Freyberger, A; Frullani, S; Garibaldi, F; Gilman, R; Hansen, O; Higinbotham, D W; Holmstrom, T; Hyde, C E; Ibrahim, H; Ilieva, Y; de Jager, C W; Jiang, X; Jones, M; Kelleher, A; Khrosinkova, E; Kuchina, E; Kumbartzki, G; LeRose, J J; Lindgren, R; Markowitz, P; May-Tal Beck, S; McCullough, E; Meziane, M; Meziani, Z -E; Michaels, R; Moffit, B; Norum, B E; Oh, Y; Olson, M; Paolone, M; Paschke, K; Perdrisat, C F; Piasetzky, E; Potokar, M; Pomatsalyuk, R; Pomerantz, I; Puckett, A; Punjabi, V; Qian, X; Qiang, Y; Ransome, R; Reyhan, M

2011-11-01

We present an updated extraction of the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio, {mu}{sub p}G{sub E}/G{sub M}, at low Q{sup 2}. The form factors are sensitive to the spatial distribution of the proton, and precise measurements can be used to constrain models of the proton. An improved selection of the elastic events and reduced background contributions yielded a small systematic reduction in the ratio {mu}{sub p}G{sub E}/G{sub M} compared to the original analysis.

10. Recoil Polarization Measurements of the Proton Electromagnetic Form Factor Ratio to Q^2 = 8.5 GeV^2

SciTech Connect

Puckett, A J.R.; Jones, M K; Luo, W; Meziane, M; Pentchev, L; Perdrisat, C F; Punjabi, V; Wesselmann, F R; Ahmidouch, A; Albayrak, I; Aniol, K A; Arrington, J; Asaturyan, A; Baghdasaryan, H; Benmokhtar, F; Bertozzi, W; Bimbot, L; Bosted, P; Boeglin, W; Butuceanu, C; Carter, P; Chernenko, S; Christy, E; Commisso, M; Cornejo, J C; Covrig, S; Danagoulian, S; Daniel, A; Davidenko, A; Day, D; Dhamija, S; Dutta, D; Ent, R; Frullani, S; Fenker, H; Frlez, E; Garibaldi, F; Gaskell, D; Gilad, S; Gilman, R; Goncharenko, Y; Hafidi, K; Hamilton, D; Higinbotham, D W; Hinton, W; Horn, T; Hu, B; Huang, J; Huber, G M; Jensen, E; Keppel, C; Khandaker, M; King, P; Kirillov, D; Kohl, M; Kravtsov, V; Kumbartzki, G; Li, Y; Mamyan, V; Margaziotis, D J; Marsh, A; Matulenko, Y; Maxwell, J; Mbianda, G; Meekins, D; Melnik, Y; Miller, J; Mkrtchyan, A; Mkrtchyan, H; Moffit, B; Moreno, O; Mulholland, J; Narayan, A; Nedev, S; Nuruzzaman,; Piasetzky, E; Pierce, W; Piskunov, N M; Prok, Y; Ransome, R D; Razin, D S; Reimer, P; Reinhold, J; Rondon, O; Shabestari, M; Shahinyan, A; Shestermanov, K; Sirca, S; Sitnik, I; Smykov, L; Smith, G; Solovyev, L; Solvingnon, P; Subedi, R; Tomasi-Gustafsson, E; Vasiliev, A; Veilleux, M; Wojtsekhowski, B B; Wood, S; Ye, Z; Zanevsky, Y; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zheng, X; Zhu, L

2010-06-01

Among the most fundamental observables of nucleon structure, electromagnetic form factors are a crucial benchmark for modern calculations describing the strong interaction dynamics of the nucleon’s quark constituents; indeed, recent proton data have attracted intense theoretical interest. In this Letter, we report new measurements of the proton electromagnetic form factor ratio using the recoil polarization method, at momentum transfers Q2=5.2, 6.7, and 8.5  GeV2. By extending the range of Q2 for which GEp is accurately determined by more than 50%, these measurements will provide significant constraints on models of nucleon structure in the nonperturbative regime.

11. High Q{sup 2} behavior of the electromagnetic form factors in the relativistic hypercentral constituent quark model

SciTech Connect

Santopinto, E.; Vassallo, A.; Giannini, M. M.; De Sanctis, M.

2010-12-15

The ratio R{sub p} between the electric and magnetic proton form factors has been recently measured at Jefferson Lab up to Q{sup 2}=8.5 GeV{sup 2}. We have extended the calculation of the nucleon form factors with the hypercentral constituent quark model and compared them with the data on R{sub p} and on the Q{sup 2} behavior of the ratio Q{sup 2}F{sub 2}/F{sub 1}. In both cases, the theoretical curves agree with the experimental points.

12. The Proton Elastic Form Factor Ratio mu(p) G**p(E)/G**p(M) at Low Momentum Transfer

SciTech Connect

G. Ron; J. Glister; B. Lee; K. Allada; W. Armstrong; J. Arrington; A. Beck; F. Benmokhtar; B.L. Berman; W. Boeglin; E. Brash; A. Camsonne; J. Calarco; J. P. Chen; Seonho Choi; E. Chudakov; L. Coman; B. Craver; F. Cusanno; J. Dumas; C. Dutta; R. Feuerbach; A. Freyberger; S. Frullani; F. Garibaldi; R. Gilman; O. Hansen; D. W. Higinbotham; T. Holmstrom; C.E. Hyde; H. Ibrahim; Y. Ilieva; C. W. de Jager; X. Jiang; M. K. Jones; A. Kelleher; E. Khrosinkova; E. Kuchina; G. Kumbartzki; J. J. LeRose; R. Lindgren; P. Markowitz; S. May-Tal Beck; E. McCullough; D. Meekins; M. Meziane; Z.-E. Meziani; R. Michaels; B. Moffit; B.E. Norum; Y. Oh; M. Olson; M. Paolone; K. Paschke; C. F. Perdrisat; E. Piasetzky; M. Potokar; R. Pomatsalyuk; I. Pomerantz; A. Puckett; V. Punjabi; X. Qian; Y. Qiang; R. Ransome; M. Reyhan; J. Roche; Y. Rousseau; A. Saha; A.J. Sarty; B. Sawatzky; E. Schulte; M. Shabestari; A. Shahinyan; R. Shneor; S. ˇ Sirca; K. Slifer; P. Solvignon; J. Song; R. Sparks; R. Subedi; S. Strauch; G. M. Urciuoli; K. Wang; B. Wojtsekhowski; X. Yan; H. Yao; X. Zhan; X. Zhu

2007-11-01

High precision measurements of the proton elastic form factor ratio have been made at four-momentum transfers, Q^2, between 0.2 and 0.5 GeV^2. The new data, while consistent with previous results, clearly show a ratio less than unity and significant differences from the central values of several recent phenomenological fits. By combining the new form-factor ratio data with an existing cross-section measurement, one finds that in this Q^2 range the deviation from unity is primarily due to GEp being smaller than the dipole parameterization.

13. Liposomes as novel anti-infectives targeting bacterial virulence factors?

PubMed

Azeredo da Silveira, Samareh; Perez, Antonio

2015-05-01

A recent report commissioned by Prime Minister David Cameron and chaired by former Goldman Sachs chief economist Jim O'Neill warns that the emergence, persistence and spread of antimicrobial resistance could lead to 10 million deaths per year and cause an economic burden as much as US\$100 trillion by 2050. In the midst of this global crisis, unprecedented paths are being explored to combat bacterial infection. Virulence factors, and more particularly pore-forming toxins, play a key role in increasing morbidity and mortality caused by drug-resistant bacterial infections. Novel anti-infective liposomes specifically targeting and neutralizing these cytotoxic toxins are potential game-changers in the fight against deadly infections. PMID:25850805

14. Diagonal form factors and hexagon form factors

Jiang, Yunfeng; Petrovskii, Andrei

2016-07-01

We study the heavy-heavy-light (HHL) three-point functions in the planar {N} = 4 super-Yang-Mills theory using the recently proposed hexagon bootstrap program [1]. We prove the conjecture of Bajnok, Janik and Wereszczynski [2] on the polynomial L-dependence of HHL structure constant up to the leading finite-size corrections, where L is the length of the heavy operators. The proof is presented for a specific set-up but the method can be applied to more general situations.

15. Unilaterally and rapidly progressing white matter lesion and elevated cytokines in a patient with Tay-Sachs disease.

PubMed

Hayase, Tomomi; Shimizu, Jun; Goto, Tamako; Nozaki, Yasuyuki; Mori, Masato; Takahashi, Naoto; Namba, Eiji; Yamagata, Takanori; Momoi, Mariko Y

2010-03-01

We report the case of a girl with Tay-Sachs disease who had convulsions and deteriorated rapidly after an upper respiratory infection at the age of 11 months. At the age of 16 months, her seizures became intractable and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and marked swelling in the white matter and basal nucelei of the right hemisphere. Her seizures and right hemisphere lesion improved with glycerol and dexamethasone treatment. When dexamethasone was discontinued, her symptoms worsened and lesions later appeared in the left hemisphere. Her cerebrospinal fluid showed elevated levels of the cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-5. It is considered that inflammation contributes to disease progression in Tay-Sachs disease. PMID:19278800

16. Tay-Sachs disease in Brazilian patients: prevalence of the IVS7+1g>c mutation.

PubMed

Rozenberg, R; Martins, A M; Micheletti, C; Mustacchi, Z; Pereira, L V

2004-01-01

Seven Brazilian Tay-Sachs disease cases were screened for the most frequent causative mutations. They all presented at least one copy of the IVS7+1g>c mutation. Three patients were homozygotes, three were compound heterozygotes, and in one case only the mother was tested and shown to carry the IVS7+1g>c mutation. In the second allele the compound heterozygotes presented: R178H (the DN allele), InsTATC1278 and an unidentified mutation. The IVS7+1g>c mutation has already been described in three Portuguese patients. In this study, all families were unaware of any Portuguese ancestry. Since Brazil was a Portuguese colony, the mutation most probably came from ancient common ancestry. The initial molecular analysis of Tay-Sachs disease patients in Brazil indicated a prevalence of the IVS7+1g>c mutation, possibly as a result of genetic drift. PMID:15065574

17. Expansion of X-ray form factor for close shell using uncorrelated wave function

SciTech Connect

AL-Robayi, Enas M.

2013-12-16

The atomic scattering factor has been studied for Be+ve, and B+2ve ions using the uncorrelated wave function (Hartree-Fock (HF)) for inter particle electronic shells. The physical importance of this factor appears in its relation to several important atomic properties as, the coherent scattering intensity, the total scattering intensity, the incoherent scattering function, the coherent scattering cross section, the total incoherent cross section, the nuclear magnetic shielding constant, the geometrical structure factor. Also there is one atomic properties the one particle radial density distribution function D(r)has been studied using the partitioning technique.

18. On the non-canonical noncommutative Wheeler-Dewitt equation for Schwarzschild and Kantowski-Sachs black holes

Zarrinkamar, S.; Hassanabadi, H.; Rajabi, A. A.

2013-03-01

The interior of both Schwarzschild and Kantowski-Sachs black holes is studied via a non-canonical noncommutative extension of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in the interesting work (Bastos et al. in Phys. Rev. D 84:024005, 2011) by neglecting the cubic and quartic terms arising the Hamiltonian. Here, we consider the problem when these terms are present and provide a more realistic analytical solution to the problem.

19. Neuropsychiatric aspects of adult-onset Tay-Sachs disease: two case reports with several new findings.

PubMed

Hurowitz, G I; Silver, J M; Brin, M F; Williams, D T; Johnson, W G

1993-01-01

Deficiency of hexosaminidase A causes the GM2 gangliosidosis known as Tay-Sachs disease. It is now known that this condition has several late-onset variants that cause numerous neuropsychiatric disturbances. Early recognition is important because treatment with phenothiazines and heterocyclic antidepressants may worsen the course. The authors report two cases with several new findings, including prominent psychiatric symptoms without psychosis early in the course of the illness. PMID:8428133

20. Similarity of urinary risk factors among stone-forming patients in five regions of the United States

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Harvey, J. A.; Hill, K. D.; Pak, C. Y.

1990-01-01

Study Objective: To compare urinary biochemical risk factors among stone-forming patients in the Southeast (SE) or "stone belt" versus four other regions of the United States. Design: Prospective biochemical survey for regional comparisons. Setting: Referral-based nephrolithiasis clinics, urologists, nephrologists, and family practitioners. Patients: Consecutive sample of 3473 stone-forming patients who submitted 24-hour urine collections for biochemical analyses of stone-forming risk factors. Interventions: None. Subjects taking medication known to interfere with stone-forming risk factors were deleted from the final data compilation. Measurements and Main Results: Overall, the mean values for each urinary parameter spanned a narrow range without significant difference between the five regions. Among "metabolic" factors, 40% in the SE had hypercalciuria (> 6.25 mmol/d), compared to 35%-43% in other regions, and hyperuricosuria (> 4.2 mmol/d) was found in 16% in the SE versus 17%-19% elsewhere. Among "environmental" factors, low urine volume ( < 2 L/d) was found in 77% patients in the SE compared to 69%-78% elsewhere, and high sodium was encountered in 27% in the SE versus 24%-29% elsewhere. No differences were noted in occurrence of other abnormal risk factors: hyperoxaluria, hypocitraturia, low pH, high sulfate, high phosphorus, or low magnesium. Conclusions: Despite expected regional differences in nutritional and environmental influences, the results of this study showed a striking similarity in urinary biochemical risk factor profiles of stone-formers in all five regions of the United States.
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