## Background

My dotfiles turned 4 years old a few months ago (since 9th Jan 2017) and remains one of my most frequently updated projects for obvious reasons. Going through the changes reminds me of a whole of posts I never got around to writing.

Anyway, recently I gained access to another HPC cluster, with a standard configuration (bash, old CentOS) and decided to track my provisioning steps. This is really a very streamlined experience by now, since I’ve used the same setup across scores of machines. This is actually also a generic intro to configuring user setups on HPC (high performance cluster) machines, if one is inclined to read it in that manner. To that end, sections of this post involve restrictions relating to user privileges which aren’t normally part of most Dotfile setups.

### Aside

• Dotfiles define most people who maintain them
• No two sets are ever exactly alike
• They fall somewhere between winging it for each machine and using something like Chef or Ansible
• Tracking dotfiles is really close to having a sort of out-of-context journal

Before I settled on using the fabulous dotgit, I considered several alternatives, most notably GNU stow.

## Preliminaries

It is important to note the environment into which I had to get my setup.

### SSH Setup

• The very first thing to do is to use a new ssh-key
export myKey="someName"
ssh-keygen -f $HOME/.ssh/$myKey
# I normally don't set a password
ssh-add $HOME/.ssh/$myKey
ssh-copy-id $myHPC # myHPC being an IP address  I more often than not tend to back this up with a cutesy alias, also because I do not always get my username of choice on these machines. So in $HOME/.ssh/config I use:

Host myHPC
Hostname 127.0.0.1
User somethingIgot
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/myKey


### Harvesting Information

mkdir -p $HOME/Git/Github cd$HOME/Git/Github
git clone https://github.com/dylanaraps/neofetch.git
cd neofetch
./neofetch


Where the top has been tastefully truncated. Just for context, the latest bash as of this writing is v5.0.16 so, that’s not too bad, given that neofetch works for bash ≥ 3.2

## TODO Circumventing User Restrictions with Nix

• A post in and of itself would be required to explain why and how users are normally restricted from activities in cluster nodes
• Here, we leverage the nix-package management system to circumvent these
• User installation of nix is sadly non-trivial, so this might be of some use1

### Testing nix-user-chroot

1. We will first check namespace support
# Errored out
unshare --user --pid echo YES
# Worked!
zgrep CONFIG_USER_NS /boot/config-$(uname -r) # CONFIG_USER_NS=y  Thankfully we have support for namespaces, so we can continue with nix-user-chroot. 1. Since we definitely do not have rustup or rustc on the HPC, we will use a prebuilt binary of nix-user-chroot cd$HOME && wget -O nix-user-chroot  https://github.com/nix-community/nix-user-chroot/releases/download/1.0.2/nix-user-chroot-bin-1.0.2-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl

1. Similar to the wiki example, we will use $HOME/.nix cd ~/ chmod +x nix-user-chroot mkdir -m 0755 ~/.nix ./nix-user-chroot ~/.nix bash -c 'curl https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh'  • Only, this doesn’t work Turns out that since unshare is too old, nix-user-chroot won’t work either. ### Using PRoot PRoot is pretty neat in general, they even have a nice website describing it. 1. Set a folder up for local installations (this is normally done by my Dotfiles, but we might as well have one here too) mkdir -p$HOME/.local/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin

1. Get a binary from the GitLab artifacts
cd $HOME mkdir tmp cd tmp wget -O artifacts.zip https://gitlab.com/proot/proot/-/jobs/452350181/artifacts/download unzip artifacts.zip mv dist/proot$HOME/.local/bin

1. Bind and install nix
mkdir ~/.nix
export PROOT_NO_SECCOMP=1
proot -b ~/.nix:/nix
export PROOT_NO_SECCOMP=1
curl https://nixos.org/nix/install | sh


If you’re very unlucky, like I was, you may be greeted by a lovely little error message along the lines of:

/nix/store/ddmmzn4ggz1f66lwxjy64n89864yj9w9-nix-2.3.3/bin/nix-store: /opt/ohpc/pub/compiler/gcc/5.4.0/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version GLIBCXX_3.4.22' not found (required by /nix/store/c0b76xh2za9r9r4b0g3iv4x2lkw1zzcn-aws-sdk-cpp-1.7.90/lib/libaws-cpp-sdk-core.so)


Which basically is as bad as it sounds. At this stage, we need a newer compiler to even get nix up and running, but can’t without getting an OS update. This chicken and egg situation calls for the drastic measure of leveraging brew first2.

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Linuxbrew/install/master/install.sh)"  Note that nothing in this section suggests the best way is not to lobby your sys-admin to install nix system-wide in multi-user mode. ## Giving Up with Linuxbrew • Somewhere around this point, linuxbrew is a good idea • More on this later ## Shell Stuff zsh is my shell of choice, and is what my Dotfiles expect and work best with. • I did end up making a quick change to update the dotfiles with a target which includes a snippet to transition to zsh from the default bash shell ## Dotfiles The actual installation steps basically tracks the readme instructions. git clone https://github.com/kobus-v-schoor/dotgit.git mkdir -p ~/.bin cp -r dotgit/bin/dotgit* ~/.bin cat dotgit/bin/bash_completion >> ~/.bash_completion rm -rf dotgit # echo 'export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.bin"' >> ~/.bashrc echo 'export PATH="$PATH:\$HOME/.bin"' >> ~/.zshrc


1. Much of this section is directly adapted from the NixOS wiki ↩︎

2. This used to be called linuxbrew, but the new site makes it clear that it’s all one brew` now. ↩︎
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