Shedding of TNF receptor 2 by effector CD8+ T cells by ADAM17 is important for regulating TNF-α availability during influenza infection

Matthew P. DeBerge*, Kenneth H. Ely, Peter F. Wright, Edward B. Thorp, Richard I. Enelow

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Elevated levels of solTNFR2 are observed in a variety of human pathophysiological conditions but regulation of TNFR2 levels during disease is not well understood. We found that solTNFR2 levels were increased following influenza infection or live-attenuated influenza virus challenge in mice and humans, respectively. As influenza-specific CD8+ T cells up-regulated expression of TNFR2 after infection in mice, we hypothesized that CD8+ T cells contributed, in part, to solTNFR2 production after influenza infection and were interested in the mechanisms by which CD8+ T cells regulate TNFR2 shedding. Activation of these cells by TCR stimulation resulted in enhanced shedding of TNFR2 that required actin remodeling and lipid raft formation and was dependent on MAPK/ERK signaling. Furthermore, we identified ADAM17 as the protease responsible for TNFR2 shedding by CD8+ T cells, with ADAM17 and TNFR2 required in "cis" for shedding to occur. We observed similar activation thresholds for TNF-α expression and TNFR2 shedding, suggesting that solTNFR2 functioned, in part, to regulate solTNF-α levels. Production of solTNFR2 by activated CD8+ T cells reduced the availability of solTNF-α released by these cells, and TNFR2 blockade during influenza infection in mice enhanced the levels of solTNF-α, supporting this hypothesis. Taken together, this study identifies critical cellular mechanisms regulating TNFR2 shedding on CD8+ T cells and demonstrates that TNFR2 contributes, in part, to the regulation of TNF-α levels during infection.

Original language English (US) 423-434 12 Journal of Leukocyte Biology 98 3 https://doi.org/10.1189/jlb.3A0914-432RR Published - Sep 1 2015
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