## Search results for 'Nancey Trevanian Tsai' (try it on Scholar)

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1. Nancey Trevanian Tsai (2012). Considerations in Surrogate Decision Making in the Internet Age. American Journal of Bioethics 12 (10):51-51.score: 870.0
The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 12, Issue 10, Page 51, October 2012.

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2. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2014). Technê and Understanding. National Taiwan University Philosophical Review 47:39-60.score: 30.0
How can we acquire understanding? Linda Zagzebski has long claimed that understanding is acquired through, or arises from, mastering a particular practical technê. In this paper, I explicate Zagzebski’s claim and argue that the claim is problematic. Based on a critical examination of Zagzebski’s claim, I propose, in conclusion and in brief, a new claim regarding the acquisition of understanding.

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3. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2014). Xunzi and Virtue Epistemology. Universitas 41 (3):121-142.score: 30.0
Regulative virtue epistemology argues that intellectual virtues can adjust and guide one’s epistemic actions as well as improve on the quality of the epistemic actions. For regulative virtue epistemologists, intellectual virtues can be cultivated to a higher degree; when the quality of intellectual virtue is better, the resulting quality of epistemic action is better. The intellectual virtues that regulative epistemologists talk about are character virtues (such as intellectual courage and open-mindedness) rather than faculty virtues (such as sight and hearing), since (...)
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4. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2011). The Metaepistemology of Knowing-How. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences 10 (4):541-556.score: 30.0
Knowing-how is currently a hot topic in epistemology. But what is the proper subject matter of a study of knowing-how and in what sense can such a study be regarded as epistemological? The aim of this paper is to answer such metaepistemological questions. This paper offers a metaepistemology of knowing-how, including considerations of the subject matter, task, and nature of the epistemology of knowing-how. I will achieve this aim, first, by distinguishing varieties of knowing-how and, second, by introducing and elaborating (...)

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5. Cheng-Chih Tsai (2009). Senses of Compositionality and Compositionality of Senses. Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations 8:86-104.score: 30.0
In The Logical Basis of Metaphysics, Dummett argues at length that Geach has been wrong in taking the sense of a predicate to be a function that sends the sense of a proper name to that of a sentence, and claims that it should instead be a means to determine the referent of the predicate, as is suggested by Frege’s sense-determines-reference (SDR) principle. This disagreement between Dummett and Geach calls for a serious investigation into two of Frege’s sense-related principles, namely (...)

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6. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2002). Generalizing and Normalizing Quine's Epistemology. Philosophical Writings 19:3-21.score: 30.0
The aim of this paper is twofold: First, to generalize Quine's epistemology, to show that what Quine refutes for traditional epistemology is not only Cartesian foundationalism and Carnapian reductionism, but also any epistemological program if it takes atomic verificationist semantics or supernaturalism, which are rooted in the linguistic/factual distinction of individual sentences, as its underlying system. Thus, we will see that the range of naturalization in the Quinean sense is not as narrow as his critics think. Second, to normalize Quine's (...)

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7. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2010). Practical Knowledge of Language. Philosophia 38 (2):331-341.score: 30.0
One of the main challenges in the philosophy of language is determining the form of knowledge of the rules of language. Michael Dummett has put forth the view that knowledge of the rules of language is a kind of implicit knowledge; some philosophers have mistakenly conceived of this type of knowledge as a kind of knowledge-that . In a recent paper in this journal, Patricia Hanna argues against Dummett’s knowledge-that view and proposes instead a knowledge-how view in which knowledge of (...)

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8. George Tsai (2013). Lamentable Necessities. Review of Metaphysics 66 (4):775-808.score: 30.0

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9. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2011). Linguistic Know-How: The Limits of Intellectualism. Theoria 77 (1):71-86.score: 30.0
In “Knowing How”, Jason Stanley and Timothy Williamson (2001) propose an intellectualist account of knowledge-how, according to which all knowledge-how is a type of propositional knowledge about ways to act. In this article, I examine this intellectualist account by applying it to the epistemology of language. I argue that (a) Stanley and Williamson mischaracterize the concept of knowledge-how in the epistemology of language, and (b) intellectualism about knowledge of language fails in its explanatory task. One lesson that can be drawn (...)

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10. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2006). On the Epistemology of Language. Southern Journal of Philosophy 44 (4):677-696.score: 30.0
Epistemology of language, a branch of both epistemology and the philosophy of language, asks what knowledge of language consists in. In this paper, I argue that such an inquiry is a pointless enterprise due to its being based upon the incorrect assumption that linguistic competence requires knowledge of language. However, I do not think the phenomenon of knowledge of language is trivial. I propose a virtue-theoretic account of linguistic competence, and then explain the phenomenon from a virtue-semantic point of view.

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11. George Tsai (2014). Rational Persuasion as Paternalism. Philosophy and Public Affairs 42 (1):78-112.score: 30.0

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12. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2008). A Virtue Semantics. South African Journal of Philosophy 27 (1):27-39.score: 30.0
In this paper, I propose a virtue-theoretic approach to semantics, according to which the study of linguistic competence in particular, and the study of meaning and language in general, should focus on a speaker's interpretative virtues, such as charity and interpretability, rather than the speaker's knowledge of rules. The first part of the paper proffers an argument for shifting to virtue semantics, and the second part outlines the nature of such virtue semantics.

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13. Cheng-Chih Tsai (2013). The Unbearable Lightness of Personal Identity — Messages From Bioethics. In Center for Applied Ethics and Philosophy (ed.), Applied Ethics: Risk, Justice and Liberty: 39-51. Hokkaido Universityscore: 30.0
With the advancement of bio-science and bio-technology come nasty new bioethical dilemmas, and some bioethicists have resorted to metaphysics, in particular, the notion of personal identity, to resolve them. I claim, however, that metaphysical accounts of personal identity at present are incapable of withstanding the impact of bioethical dilemmas. Bioethical issues such as criteria of death, brain transplantation, and dementia with/without advance directives invite us to deconstruct three shaky metaphysical notions concerning personal identity so that we can tackle ethical problems (...)

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14. George Tsai (2013). An Error Theory for Liberal Universalism. Journal of Political Philosophy 21 (3):305-325.score: 30.0

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15. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2015). Knowledge of Language in Action. Philosophical Explorations 18 (1):68-89.score: 30.0
Knowledge of a language is a kind of knowledge, the possession of which enables a speaker to understand and perform a variety of linguistic actions in that language. In this paper, I pursue an agency-oriented approach to knowledge of language. I begin by examining two major agency-oriented models of knowledge of language: Michael Dummett's Implicit Knowledge Model and Jennifer Hornsby's Practical Knowledge Model. I argue that each of these models is inadequate for different reasons. I present an Acquaintance Knowledge Model, (...)

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16. Hsing-Chien Tsai (2011). More on The Decidability of Mereological Theories. Logic and Logical Philosophy 20 (3):251-265.score: 30.0
Quite a few results concerning the decidability of mereological theories have been given in my previous paper. But many mereological theories are still left unaccounted for. In this paper I will refine a general method for proving the undecidability of a theory and then by making use of it, I will show that most mereological theories that are strictly weaker than CEM are finitely inseparable and hence undecidable. The same results might be carried over to some extensions of those weak (...)

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17. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2014). The Structure of Practical Expertise. Philosophia 42 (2):539-554.score: 30.0
Anti-intellectualists in epistemology argue for the thesis that knowing-how is not a species of knowing-that, and most of them tend to avoid any use of the notion “knowing-that” in their explanation of intelligent action on pain of inconsistency. Intellectualists tend to disprove anti-intellectualism by showing that the residues of knowing-that remain in the anti-intellectualist explanation of intelligent action. Outside the field of epistemology, some philosophers who try to highlight the nature of their explanation of intelligent action in certain fields, such (...)

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18. score: 30.0

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19. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2006). Can, or Should, Dummett Solve the Delivery Problem? Auslegung 28 (1):21-43.score: 30.0
Michael Dummett has long argued that we should ascribe implicit knowledge of a meaning-theory to speakers, and that the task of a theory of meaning is to tell us what such knowledge consists in. But he also sees it as a problem that how implicit knowledge is actually used, that is, how a speaker's metalinguistic knowledge of a meaning-theory issues or delivers the speaker's knowledge of meanings of utterances (the delivery problem). In this paper 1argue that Dummett's instrumental construal of (...)

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20. Cheng-Hung Tsai (2003). Dummett's Notion of Implicit Knowledge. Philosophical Writings 24:17-35.score: 30.0
In this paper I evaluate Michael Dummett's notion of implicit knowledge by examining his answers to these two questions: (1) Why should we ascribe knowledge of a meaning-theory of a language to a language-user, and why the mode of this knowledge is implicit, but not pure theoretical, pure practical, or unconscious in a Chomskian sense? (2) How could a meaning-theory, which is known implicitly, function as a rule to be followed by the language-user? To answer (1) I shall construct Dummett's (...)

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21. Hsing-Chien Tsai (2009). Decidability of Mereological Theories. Logic and Logical Philosophy 18 (1):45-63.score: 30.0
Mereological theories are theories based on a binary predicate ‘being a part of’. It is believed that such a predicate must at least define a partial ordering. A mereological theory can be obtained by adding on top of the basic axioms of partial orderings some of the other axioms posited based on pertinent philosophical insights. Though mereological theories have aroused quite a few philosophers’ interest recently, not much has been said about their meta-logical properties. In this paper, I will look (...)

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22. Cheng-Chih Tsai (2011). A Token-Based Semantic Analysis of McTaggart's Paradox. Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations 10:107-124.score: 30.0
In his famous argument for the unreality of time, McTaggart claims that i) being past, being present, and being future are incompatible properties of an event, yet ii) every event admits all these three properties. In this paper, I examine two key concepts involved in the formulation of i) and ii), namely that of “validity” and that of “contradiction”, and for each concept I distinguish a static version and a dynamic version of it. I then arrive at three different ways (...)

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23. Hsing-Chien Tsai (2013). A Comprehensive Picture of the Decidability of Mereological Theories. Studia Logica 101 (5):987-1012.score: 30.0
The signature of the formal language of mereology contains only one binary predicate which stands for the relation “being a part of” and it has been strongly suggested that such a predicate must at least define a partial ordering. Mereological theories owe their origin to Leśniewski. However, some more recent authors, such as Simons as well as Casati and Varzi, have reformulated mereology in a way most logicians today are familiar with. It turns out that any theory which can be (...)

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24. score: 30.0
The high turnover of nurses has become a global problem. Several studies have proposed that nurses' perceptions of the ethical climate of their organization are related to higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and thus lead to lower turnover. However, there is limited empirical evidence supporting a relationship between different types of ethical climate within organizations and facets of job satisfaction. Furthermore, no published studies have investigated the impact of different types of ethical climate on the three components of organizational (...)

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25. James Dwyer & D. F. C. Tsai (2008). Developing the Duty to Treat: HIV, SARS, and the Next Epidemic. Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (1):7-10.score: 30.0
SARS, like HIV, placed healthcare workers at risk and raised issues about the duty to treat. But philosophical accounts of the duty to treat that were developed in the context of HIV did not adequately address some of the ethical issues raised by SARS. Since the next epidemic may be more like SARS than HIV, it is important to illuminate these issues. In this paper, we sketch a general account of the duty to treat that arose in response to HIV. (...)

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26. Hsing-Chien Tsai (2013). Decidability of General Extensional Mereology. Studia Logica 101 (3):619-636.score: 30.0
The signature of the formal language of mereology contains only one binary predicate P which stands for the relation “being a part of”. Traditionally, P must be a partial ordering, that is, ${\forall{x}Pxx, \forall{x}\forall{y}((Pxy\land Pyx)\to x=y)}$ and ${\forall{x}\forall{y}\forall{z}((Pxy\land Pyz)\to Pxz))}$ are three basic mereological axioms. The best-known mereological theory is “general extensional mereology”, which is axiomatized by the three basic axioms plus the following axiom and axiom schema: (Strong Supplementation) ${\forall{x}\forall{y}(\neg Pyx\to \exists z(Pzy\land \neg Ozx))}$ , where Oxy means \${\exists (...)

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27. Cheng-Chih Tsai (2012). The Genesis of Hi-Worlds: Towards a Principle-Based Possible World Semantics. Erkenntnis 76 (1):101-114.score: 30.0
A Leibnizian semantics proposed by Becker in 1952 for the modal operators has recently been reviewed in Copeland’s paper The Genesis of Possible World Semantics (Copeland in J Philos Logic 31:99–137, 2002 ), with a remark that “neither the binary relation nor the idea of proving completeness was present in Becker’s work”. In light of Frege’s celebrated Sense-Determines-Reference principle, we find, however, that it is Becker’s semantics, rather than Kripke’s semantics, that has captured the true spirit of Frege’s semantic program. (...)

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28. Cheng-Chih Tsai (2011). A Unified Tenseless Theory of Time. Prolegomena 10 (1):5-37.score: 30.0
Concerning the versions of the Tenseless Theory of Time, the Old Btheory has two: the Date-analysis version and the Token-reflexive version, while the New B-theory has three: the Date-analysis, the Token-reflexive and the Sentence-type versions. Each of these five versions of the B-theory has received serious attacks from the A-theorists, some of whom even claim that the tenseless theory “though still widely held, is a theory in retreat” (Craig 1996), and that “if Quentin Smith (1993) delivered the mortal blow to (...)

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29. Yen-zen Tsai (2009). Chen, Shaoming 陳少明, Ed., Embodied Knowledge and the Humanities 體知與人文學. Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 8 (4):461-466.score: 30.0

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30. score: 30.0
Drawing on propositions from the signaling theory and expectancy theory, this study hypothesizes that the perceived corporate citizenship of job seekers positively affects a firm’s attractiveness and career success expectation. This study’s proposed research hypotheses are empirically tested using a survey of graduating MBA students seeking a job. The empirical findings show that a firm’s corporate citizenship provides a competitive advantage in attracting job seekers and fostering optimistic career success expectation. Such findings substantially complement the growing literature arguing that corporate (...)

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31. Petroc Sumner, Pei-Chun Tsai, Kenny Yu & Parashkev Nachev (2006). Attentional Modulation of Sensorimotor Processes in the Absence of Perceptual Awareness. Pnas Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103 (27):10520-10525.score: 30.0

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32. Yen-Zen Tsai (2008). Selfhood and Fiduciary Community: A Smithian Reading of Tu Weiming's Confucian Humanism. [REVIEW] Dao: A Journal of Comparative Philosophy 7 (4):349-365.score: 30.0
Weiming, as a leading spokesman for contemporary New Confucianism, has been reinterpreting the Confucian tradition in the face of the challenges of modernity. Tu takes selfhood as his starting point, emphasizing the importance of cultivating the human mind-and-heart as a deepening and broadening process to realize the anthropocosmic dao. He highlights the concept of a fiduciary community and advocates that, because of it, Confucianism remains a dynamic inclusive humanism. Tuâs mode of thinking tallies well with Wilfred C. Smithâs vision of (...)

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33. Daniel Fu-Chang Tsai, Meng-Kung Tsai & Wen-Je Ko (2011). Organs By Firing Squad: The Medical and Moral Implausibility of Death Penalty Organ Procurement. American Journal of Bioethics 11 (10):11 - 13.score: 30.0
The American Journal of Bioethics, Volume 11, Issue 10, Page 11-13, October 2011.

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34. score: 30.0
This study proposes a research model based on social identity theory, which examines the moderating role of organizational trust on the relationship between corporate citizenship and organizational commitment. In the model, organizational commitment is positively influenced by organizational trust and four dimensions of perceived corporate citizenship, including economic, legal, ethical and discretionary citizenship. The model paths are hypothesized to be moderated by organizational trust. Empirical testing using a survey of personnel from 12 large firms confirms most of our hypothesized effects. (...)

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35. D. F.-C. Tsai (2005). Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Debates: A Confucian Argument. Journal of Medical Ethics 31 (11):635-640.score: 30.0
Human embryonic stem cell research can bring about major biomedical breakthroughs and thus contribute enormously to human welfare, yet it raises serious moral problems because it involves using human embryos for experiment. The “moral status of the human embryo” remains the core of such debates. Three different positions regarding the moral status of the human embryo can be categorised: the “all” position, the “none” position, and the “gradualist” position.The author proposes that the “gradualist” position is more plausible than the other (...)

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36. Chi‐Sheng Hung, Jou‐Wei Lin, Juey‐Jen Hwang, Ru‐Yi Tsai & Ai‐Tzu Li (2008). Using Paper Chart Based Clinical Reminders to Improve Guideline Adherence to Lipid Management. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice 14 (5):861-866.score: 30.0

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37. J. Dwyer & D. F.-C. Tsai (2008). Developing the Duty to Treat: HIV, SARS, and the Next Epidemic. Journal of Medical Ethics 34 (1):7-10.score: 30.0
SARS, like HIV, placed healthcare workers at risk and raised issues about the duty to treat. But philosophical accounts of the duty to treat that were developed in the context of HIV did not adequately address some of the ethical issues raised by SARS. Since the next epidemic may be more like SARS than HIV, it is important to illuminate these issues. In this paper, we sketch a general account of the duty to treat that arose in response to HIV. (...)

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38. score: 30.0
Awareness of illness in schizophrenia reflects complex storied understanding of the impact of the disorder upon one’s life. Individuals may be aware of their illness in different ways and this may be related to their functioning. A total of 76 adults with schizophrenia were assessed for their awareness of illness, neurocognition, social cognition, and social function concurrently and social function was also assessed at three later time points. A cluster analysis revealed 3 groups: generally full awareness, generally limited awareness, and (...)

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39. Alexander Tsai (2006). A Review Of: “Miriam Shuchman. The Drug Trial: Nancy Olivieri and the Science Scandal That Rocked the Hospital for Sick Children ”. [REVIEW] American Journal of Bioethics 6 (3):74-75.score: 30.0

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40. Alexander C. Tsai (2011). Managing Nonfinancial Conflict of Interest: How the “New McCarthyism” Could Work. American Journal of Bioethics 11 (1):42 - 44.score: 30.0

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41. Daniel Fu-Chang Tsai (2010). Reflecting on the Nature of Confucian Ethics. American Journal of Bioethics 10 (4):84-86.score: 30.0

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42. score: 30.0
The growing prevalence of health care ethics consultation (HCEC) services in the U.S. has been accompanied by an increase in calls for accountability and quality assurance, and for the debates surrounding why and how HCEC is evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of HCEC as indicated by several novel outcome measurements in East Asian medical encounters.

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43. D. F.-C. Tsai (2005). The Bioethical Principles and Confucius' Moral Philosophy. Journal of Medical Ethics 31 (3):159-163.score: 30.0
This paper examines whether the modern bioethical principles of respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice proposed by Beauchamp and Childress are existent in, compatible with, or acceptable to the leading Chinese moral philosophy—the ethics of Confucius. The author concludes that the moral values which the four prima facie principles uphold are expressly identifiable in Confucius’ teachings. However, Confucius’ emphasis on the filial piety, family values, the “love of gradation”, altruism of people, and the “role specified relation oriented ethics” will (...)

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44. Gregory L. Eastwood, Daniel Fu-Chang Tsai, Ding-Shinn Chen & James Dwyer (2006). What Should the Dean Do? Hastings Center Report 36 (4):14-16.score: 30.0

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45. score: 30.0
The high turnover of nurses has become a global problem. Several studies have proposed that nurses’ perceptions of the ethical climate of their organization are related to higher job satisfaction and organizational commitment and thus lead to higher organizational citizenship behaviors. This study uses hierarchical regression to understand which types of ethical climate, facets of job satisfaction, and the three components of organizational commitment influence different dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviors. Questionnaires were distributed to 450 nurses, and 352 usable questionnaires (...)

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46. score: 30.0
This paper examines some ethical issues arising from whole-genome association studies for multigenic diseases, focusing on the case of autism. Events occurring following the announcement of a genetic test for autism in France (2005–2009) are described to exemplify the ethical controversies that can arise when genetic testing for autism is applied prematurely and inappropriately promoted by biotech companies. The authors argue that genetic tests assessing one or a few genes involved in highly multigenic disorders can only be useful if: (1) (...)

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47. S. Lin, Y. Tsai & C. Liou (1993). Conscious Mental Tasks and Their EEG Signals. Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing 31:421-26.score: 30.0

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48. score: 30.0

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49. Yulia E. Chentsova-Dutton & Jeanne L. Tsai (2007). Gender Differences in Emotional Response Among European Americans and Hmong Americans. Cognition and Emotion 21 (1):162-181.score: 30.0
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