Cytokine Storms May Be Fueling Some COVID Deaths

Question: what is a cytokine storm and how is it related to COVID-19?

Patients with COVID-19 who require ICU admission might have the cytokine storm.


social distancing measures like cancelling public gatherings are key to fighting the spread of the coronavirus.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Discussion: The combined social distancing measures implemented by the Greek authorities within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus reduced the COVID-19 growth rate.


Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


there is a strong evidence that lack of vitamin D is linked to COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Studies show hydroxychloroquine have clinical benefits in treating COVID-19

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Anosmia and ageusia have recently been hinted as significant early symptoms in COVID-19.


In general, people with diabetes are more likely to experience severe symptoms and complications when infected with a virus.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

COVID-19 patients with diabetes were more likely to develop severe or critical disease conditions with more complications, and had higher incidence rates of antibiotic therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and death


People taking two very commonly used types of drugs for high blood pressure are at no heightened risk, as has been feared, for complications of COVID-19.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

current evidence did not confirm the concern that ACEI/ARB exposure is harmful in patientswith COVID-19 infection. This study supports the current guidelines that discourage discontinuation of ACEIs or ARBs in COVID-19 patients and the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic


No evidence' that vitamin D can prevent or treat COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


There is no evidence that dogs or cats can spread COVID-19 to humans, but there are a few precautions to take.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now a pandemic threat. This virus is supposed to be spread by human to human transmission.


suggested the coronavirus spreads faster in periods of lower humidity during winter

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-16 cases/day with a 1{degrees}C rise in temperature


High blood pressure may mean higher risk of hospitalization or severe illness.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

Hypertension has been proven to be more prevalent in patients with an adverse outcome (admission in intensive care unit, use of mechanical ventilation, or death).


During the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, The Weather Channel is providing this data as a service to our users.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

The current study focuses on the relationship between environmental parameters and the growth rate of COVID-19. The statistical analysis suggests that the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28C and +14.51C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth.


COVID-19 can unfortunately be fatal for those with suppressed immune systems.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


Scientists now suspect this coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, originated in a bat and somehow hopped to another animal, possibly the pangolin, which then passed it on to humans

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This provides evidences strongly supporting scientific hypotheses that bats and pangolins are probable hosts for the COVID-19 virus. At the whole genome analysis level, our findings also indicate that bats are more likely the hosts for the COVID-19 virus than pangolins.


wearing a mask is effective in preventing COVID-19

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Ma's research shows N95 masks, medical masks, even homemade masks could block at least 90% of the virus in aerosols


if they develop a fever and COVID-19 symptoms, they should not take NSAIDs (ibuprofen) because it can worsen the covid-19 disease

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

In this cohort of COVID-19 patients, Ibuprofen use was not associated with worse clinical outcomes, compared to paracetamol or no antipyretic.


patients who are administered Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors have higher levels of ACE2 receptors in their blood after taking the medication.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.


The World Health Organization (WHO) has not officially declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic

Question: When was the COVID-19 pandemic declared?

coronavirus disease 19 (Covid19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11(th), 2020


The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 mainly spreads from person to person.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

It was found that 83% and 77% of the bedside surfaces of MRSA-positive and MRSA-negative patients respectively were contaminated with staphylococci at 08:00 hours, and that the staphylococcal concentrations increased by 80% at 1200 h over a 4-hour period with routine ward and clinical activities.


More Vitamin D, Lower Risk of Severe COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

ecological investigation on 51 countries including 408,748 participants, analyses indicated no correlation between vitamin D levels and recovery rate (r= 0.041) as well as mortality rate (r=-0.073) globally.


5G mobile networks do not cause or spread COVID-19.

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, Central China


The N95 Respirator Mask Protect You Against coronavirus

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Wearing medical masks or N95 masks (namely N95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk.


Can Nicotine Treat COVID-19? Researchers Think So

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Conclusions This representative population sample will, to our knowledge, present the first comprehensive examination of the association between smoking, nicotine use without smoking, respiratory disease, and severity of COVID-19.


there is no evidence that pets, including cats and dogs, play a role in spreading COVID-19 to people.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne routes.


Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Evidence that face masks provide effective protection against respiratory infections in the community is scarce. However, face masks are widely used by health workers as part of droplet precautions when caring for patients with respiratory infections. It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


People with untreated vitamin D deficiency are more likely to test positive for the COVID-19

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


At this point, we don't know enough about coronavirus to understand how it's going to behave over time when the weather warms up.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-16 cases/day with a 1{degrees}C rise in temperature


phony product to prevent sars-cov-2 - use a silver spray instead of hand sanitizer

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

The index of India has remained very low (161) so far, mainly due to early implementation of social lockdown, social distancing, and sanitizing hands.


marijuana does not go well with COVID-19

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Male, older than 65, and smoking were risk factors for disease progression in patients with COVID-19 (male: OR=1.76, 95% CI (1.41, 2.18), P < 0.00001;


In the face of a traumatic event like the Covid-19 pandemic, it's common to feel intense flashbacks, nightmares, irritability, anger and fear.

Question: What psychological effects could the COVID-19 pandemic cause?

Extensive stressors will emerge or become worsened. Many medical staff workers will be harmfully psychologically affected.


there is no risk of being infected by groceries and packages that we have delivered

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

We report here that pathogenic human coronavirus 229E remained infectious in a human lung cell culture model following at least 5 days of persistence on a range of common nonbiocidal surface materials, including polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon; PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ceramic tiles, glass, silicone rubber, and stainless steel.


Hydroxychloroquine is a medication that doctors prescribe to treat a variety of conditions, including malaria, arthritis, and lupus.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

HCQ should be prescribed as a part of treatment for critically ill COVID-19 patients, with possible outcome of saving lives.


While the influenza A virus only survived for about 1.8 hours on skin, COVID-19 lived on for about 9 hours

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Correcting for that distributed delay and offering conservative estimates, we find a negative relationship between temperatures above 25 degrees Celsius and estimated reproduction number ([R]), with each degree Celsius associated with a 3.1% (95% CI, 1.5% to 4.8%) reduction in [R]. Higher levels of relative humidity strengthen the negative effect of temperature above 25 degrees.


Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

When hand washing with soap and water is unavailable, a sufficient volume of sanitizer is necessary to ensure complete hand coverage, and compliance is critical for appropriate hand hygiene.


People with diabetes may not have a greater risk of developing COVID-19 than those who do not have type 1 or type 2

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Older age, diabetes and other comorbidities are reported as significant predictors of morbidity and mortality. Chronic inflammation, increased coagulation activity, immune response impairment, and potential direct pancreatic damage by SARS-CoV-2 might be among the underlying mechanisms of the association between diabetes and COVID-19.


There are many things we can do to prevent the spread of COVID-19 (coronavirus): washing our hands, coughing into our elbows, avoiding touching our faces, staying home if we're feeling sick and social distancing.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Discussion: The combined social distancing measures implemented by the Greek authorities within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus reduced the COVID-19 growth rate.


Humans can not infect other animals with the Covid-19 virus.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Although there is currently no evidence that animals play a substantial role in spreading COVID-19, CDC advises persons with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 to restrict contact with animals during their illness and to monitor any animals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and separate them from other persons and animals at home (1).


COVID-19 can cause more severe symptoms and complications in some people living with diabetes, the elderly, and those with other chronic conditions such as heart disease & lung disease.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Our data support the notion that diabetes should be considered as a risk factor for a rapid progression and bad prognosis of COVID-19.


Felines are susceptible to coronaviruses in general.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne routes.


Because people are advised to stay at home as much as possible, people sould take vitamin D supplements through summer and autumn during this pandemic to prevent covid-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A principal defence against uncontrolled inflammation, and against viral infection in general, is provided by T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs). Treg levels have been reported to be low in many COVID-19 patients and can be increased by vitamin D supplementation. Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and a significantly increased risk of pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes, which are frequently observed in COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to occur more frequently in patients with obesity and diabetes. These conditions are reported to carry a higher mortality in COVID-19. If vitamin D does in fact reduce the severity of COVID-19 in regard to pneumonia/ARDS, inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and thrombosis, it is our opinion that supplements would offer a relatively easy option to decrease the impact of the pandemic.


public should wear face masks to combat COVID-19

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Our results suggest use of face masks by the general public is potentially of high value in curtailing community transmission and the burden of the pandemic. The community-wide benefits are likely to be greatest when face masks are used in conjunction with other non-pharmaceutical practices (such as social-distancing), and when adoption is nearly universal (nation-wide) and compliance is high.


Hydroxychloroquine studies show drug is not effective for early treatment of mild covid-19

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

patients treated with HCQ at the time of early hospital recovered faster than those who treated later or taken as second line choose for their obvious shorter hospitalization time.


In a disturbing parallel to H.I.V., the coronavirus can cause a depletion of important immune cells

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


Question: When was the COVID-19 pandemic declared?

The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, has declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic (1).


Commuters can wear face masks to protect against the spread of new coronavirus

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


Debunked: No, drinking tea is not a cure for Covid-19

Question: Can drinking hot green tea help in preventing COVID-19?

In conclusion, the plant-based foods play a vital role to enhance the immunity of people to control of COVID-19.


For some, hand sanitizer is the key to avoiding any infectious disease, while others believe it's either unnecessary or ineffective.

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

When hand washing with soap and water is unavailable, a sufficient volume of sanitizer is necessary to ensure complete hand coverage, and compliance is critical for appropriate hand hygiene.


My advice would be to take those vitamin K supplements to cure covid-19

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

We identified a total of 17 patients who received IV vitamin C for COVID-19. The inpatient mortality rate in this series was 12% with 17.6% rates of intubation and mechanical ventilation. We noted a significant decrease in inflammatory markers, including ferritin and D-dimer, and a trend to decreasing FiO2 requirements, after vitamin C administration.


masks with exhalation valves do not prevent the person wearing the mask from transmitting COVID-19 to others.

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Notably, masks are found to be useful with respect to both preventing illness in healthy persons and preventing asymptomatic transmission. Hypothetical mask adoption scenarios, for Washington and New York state, suggest that immediate near universal (80%) adoption of moderately (50%) effective masks could prevent on the order of 17--45% of projected deaths over two months in New York, while decreasing the peak daily death rate by 34--58%, absent other changes in epidemic dynamics. Even very weak masks (20% effective) can still be useful if the underlying transmission rate is relatively low or decreasing: In Washington, where baseline transmission is much less intense, 80% adoption of such masks could reduce mortality by 24--65% (and peak deaths 15--69%), compared to 2--9% mortality reduction in New York (peak death reduction 9--18%).


Smoking weed and coronavirus: Even occasional use raises risk of Covid-19 complications

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Male, aged over 65, smoking patients might face a greater risk of developing into the critical or mortal condition and the comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory diseases could also greatly affect the prognosis of the COVID-19.


Taking vitamin D supplement can reduce the risk of becoming infected with COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Vitamin D dose was not significantly associated with testing positive for COVID-19.


Cause of Death in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Respiratory failure has been cited as the major cause of death


Vitamin C is significant to human body and plays a role in reducing inflammatory response and preventing common cold

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Following a balanced diet and supplementation with proper nutrients may play a vital role in prevention, treatment, and management of COVID-19.


Vitamin C infusion is not approved as a standard treatment for SARS-CoV-2 and thus was not part of the hospital's COVID-19 treatment regimen.

Question: Can vitamin C treat COVID-19?

combinatorial VC and GA treatment for COVID-19 was associated with elevation of immunity and suppression of inflammatory stress, including activation of the T cell receptor signaling pathway, regulation of Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis, ErbB signaling pathway and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway.


Alcohol (beer, wine, distilled spirits or herbal alcohol) stimulates immunity and resistance to the virus

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

While it remains much too early to determine precisely how alcohol use might affect risk for or progression of COVID19, any efforts to connect the dots from past alcohol research would suggest it wise for nondrinkers and lowrisk drinkers to maintain that status during this public health crisis.


nearly 90% of patients hospitalized with coronavirus (COVID-19) had one or more underlying health conditions.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

COVID-19 patients with hypertension had more severe secondary infections, cardiac and renal dysfunction, and depletion of CD8+ cells on admission. Patients with hypertension were more likely to have comorbidities and complications and were more likely to be classified as critically ill than those without hypertension.


Infections with the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 tend to result in milder disease in younger people, although it is unclear why.

Question: what are the mortality rates overall and in specific populations

The COVID-19 population-level mortality rate (per 100,000 person-years) increased with age: from 0.1 deaths among 30-39 year olds to 9.5 deaths among 80 year olds.


Nevertheless, COVID-19 deaths are less likely to be confounded by testing capacity since those with severe symptoms are expected to attend the hospital independently of the weather

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

The current study focuses on the relationship between environmental parameters and the growth rate of COVID-19. The statistical analysis suggests that the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28C and +14.51C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth.


Do COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 mean the same thing? YES

Question: Do COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 mean the same thing?

The recently emerged SARS-CoV-2 (Coronaviridae; Betacoronavirus) is the underlying cause of COVID-19 disease.


People with type 1 diabetes are more likely to die of Covid-19 than those with type 2

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

COVID-19 patients with diabetes were more likely to develop severe or critical disease conditions with more complications, and had higher incidence rates of antibiotic therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and death


Using masks in public may help reduce the spread from people who don't have symptoms. Non-medical cloth masks are recommended for the public. Surgical masks and N-95 respirators are in short supply and should be reserved for health care providers.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.


Ginger can treat a coronavirus infection

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

Hoaxes (such as eating garlic or citrus to prevent COVID-19) were detected in 15 videos (10.9%).


Masks can be a source of infection for the person wearing them

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Most hospitals have implemented universal masking for their healthcare workers, and the Center for Disease Control currently advises even the general public to wear cloth masks when outdoors. The pertinent need for masks arises from plausible dissemination of the SARS-CoV-2 through close contacts, as well as the possibility of virus transmission from asymptomatic, pre-symptomatic, and mildly symptomatic individuals.


Combining ginger with other ingredients, such as lemon, garlic, honey, or vinegar, will destroy the virus.

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

In late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, several patients with viral pneumonia were identified as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). So far, there are no specific treatments for patients with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), and the treatments available today are based on previous experience with similar viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and Influenza virus.


isolation during the pandemic may worsen or trigger mental health problems

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

counties where the policies have been imposed have effectively increased social distancing and have seen slowing the spread of COVID-19.


masks can help prevent the spread of COVID-19 and that the more people wearing masks, the better

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Respirators such as filtering face piece (FFP) 2 masks were designed to protect HCWs, while surgical masks were originally intended to protect patients (e.g., during surgery). Nevertheless, high quality standard surgical masks (type II/IIR according to European Norm EN 14683) appear to be as effective as FFP2 masks in preventing droplet-associated viral infections of HCWs as reported from influenza or SARS.


No evidence of cytokine storm in COVID-19

Question: what is a cytokine storm and how is it related to COVID-19?

It has proven that COVID-19 infection in some elderly critical adults leads to a cytokine storm, which is characterized by severe systemic elevation of several pro-inflammatory cytokines.


The sunlight has a huge impact on decaying the coronavirus

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is transmitted by person-to-person contact, via airborne droplets, or through contact with contaminated surfaces.


The results of a trial that found dexamethasone reduced the risk of death in extremely ill coronavirus patients

Question: Is dexamethasone effective for treating COVID-19?

Many drugs have shown promise for treatment of COVID-19.


pets are not able to spread the COVID-19 virus.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19 to people?

Likewise, the S protein nucleotide sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus isolated in domestic animals and humans is identical, and the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 in cats is efficient.


There is a significant correlation between low vitamin D levels and death from COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A principal defence against uncontrolled inflammation, and against viral infection in general, is provided by T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs). Treg levels have been reported to be low in many COVID-19 patients and can be increased by vitamin D supplementation. Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and a significantly increased risk of pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes, which are frequently observed in COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to occur more frequently in patients with obesity and diabetes. These conditions are reported to carry a higher mortality in COVID-19. If vitamin D does in fact reduce the severity of COVID-19 in regard to pneumonia/ARDS, inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and thrombosis, it is our opinion that supplements would offer a relatively easy option to decrease the impact of the pandemic.


Can Nicotine Treat COVID-19? Researchers Think So

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis thus joins tobacco as a SARS2-CoV-2 risk factor.


outbreaks of the new coronavirus will wane as temperatures rise.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


COVID-19 originated in a laboratory in Wuhan, China -  and not naturally in wildlife

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

However, the source(s) and transmission routine(s) of SARSCoV2 remain elusive' (1).


Some COVID-19 Patients' Immune Systems Turn Deadly The immune system is there to help us fight infection, but sometimes it wreaks more havoc than the disease itself.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


As cold weather arrives, U.S. states see record increases

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

These results provide evidence for the relationship between several weather variables and the spread of COVID-19. However, the (conservatively) estimated relationships are not strong enough to seasonally control the epidemic in most locations.


Can wearing a face mask protect against the 2019 coronavirus?

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


Adequate Levels of Vitamin D Reduce Complications, Death Among COVID-19 Patients

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


wearing face masks in public reduced the daily number of coronavirus

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Evidence that face masks provide effective protection against respiratory infections in the community is scarce. However, face masks are widely used by health workers as part of droplet precautions when caring for patients with respiratory infections. It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Headache and feeling dizzy may be signs of coronavirus

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

Muscle injury or myalgia was the most common (19.2%, 95%CI 15.423.2%) neurologic symptom of COVID-19, followed by headache (10.9%, 95%CI 8.6213.51%);


Is it true that using ibuprofen has been shown to worsen symptoms of Coronavirus? the short answer is NO

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

There are clearly COVID-19 cases where NSAIDs should not be used, but there is no strong evidence that NSAIDs must be avoided in all patients with COVID-19;


Do COVID-19 Face Masks Work If Kids Can't Stop Touching them? Yes, masks are still effective in preventing the spread of COVID-19, even if children keep touching them.

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV2 is a rapidly spreading global pandemic. Although precise transmission routes and dynamics are unknown, SARS-CoV2 is thought primarily to spread via contagious respiratory droplets.


At present, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention do not believe that COVID-19 is spread through food, however, the agency is continuing to investigate this new virus.

Question: Can COVID-19 spread through food?

There have been no reports of SARS-COV-2 transmission by blood-feeding arthropods such as mosquitoes.


SARS-CoV-2 is more stable copper and cardboard

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Most viruses from the respiratory tract, such as coronaviruses, influenza, SARS-CoV, or rhinovirus, can persist on surfaces for a few days.


In rare cases, a coronavirus jumps from animals to humans. This is thought to have happened for the virus that causes COVID-19, as well as two other types of deadly coronaviruses, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). All three originated in bats.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Experimental data showed ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne route.


Nicotine Could Prevent the Spread of COVID-19

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Our findings support a causal effect of elevated BMI and smoking on risk of sepsis and severe covid-19.


there is no evidence that COVID-19 can spread to people from pet fur

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19 to people?

ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne routes.


Coronaviruses are common viruses that can infect humans

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

However, the source(s) and transmission routine(s) of SARSCoV2 remain elusive' (1).


having a healthy blood level of vitamin D help you avoid the intensive care unit and death if you become infected with COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A principal defence against uncontrolled inflammation, and against viral infection in general, is provided by T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs). Treg levels have been reported to be low in many COVID-19 patients and can be increased by vitamin D supplementation. Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and a significantly increased risk of pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes, which are frequently observed in COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to occur more frequently in patients with obesity and diabetes. These conditions are reported to carry a higher mortality in COVID-19. If vitamin D does in fact reduce the severity of COVID-19 in regard to pneumonia/ARDS, inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and thrombosis, it is our opinion that supplements would offer a relatively easy option to decrease the impact of the pandemic.


If you're uncomfortable, take acetaminophen (Tylenol, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or aspirin

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

However, available data from limited studies show administration of recombinant ACE2 improves lung damage caused by respiratory viruses, suggesting ibuprofen use may be beneficial in COVID-19 disease.


With the so-called neutrophils and the monocytes we have found that these immune cells are activated, i.e. ready to defend the patient against COVID-19 in the case of mild disease courses.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


those who have a weakened immune system may be at a higher risk of developing a severe illness as a result of COVID-19.

Question: Does having a weakened immune system increase your risk of illness from COVID-19?

these therapies may weaken the immune system and potentially place IBD patients at increased risk of infections and infectious complications including those from COVID-19.


More Vitamin D, Lower Risk of Severe COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Middle East, the recovery rate (r= 0.267) and mortality rate (r= -0.217) showed a medium correlation.


Cannabis can be used as A Potential Way To prevent covid-19

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis thus joins tobacco as a SARS2-CoV-2 risk factor.


But blocking the immune system's communications network as the coronavirus mounts an attack could have unintended consequences.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

we discovered evidence that SARS-CoV-2, along with related coronaviruses, used mutations to evade attack from the human immune system. Overall, we present an immunological resource for SARS-CoV-2 that could promote both therapeutic development and mechanistic research.


the use of ibuprofen and similar anti-inflammatory drugs could be "an aggravating factor" in COVID-19 infections

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

As fever may have benefit in shortening the duration of viral illness, it is plausible to hypothesize that the antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen may be hindering the benefits of a fever response when taken during the early stages of COVID-19 illness.


outbreaks of the new coronavirus will wane as temperatures rise.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-17 cases/day with a 1C rise in temperature.


A combination of two existing drugs is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 in cell cultures.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

There is no therapeutic FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a combination of anti-viral drugs is directly being practiced in some countries.


there is a link between a potential vaccine and the rollout of 5G technology.

Question: Can 5G technology cause COVID-19?

5G communication technology has the characteristics of faster speed, shorter time delay and denser capacity. In COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control work, it can further improve the efficiency of doctors' diagnosis, improve patients' medical experience, realize the remote sharing of high-quality medical resources and real-time information exchange, effectively block the spread of epidemic, alleviate the shortage of medical resources and medical staff, and make the epidemic prevention and control more efficient.


Cold weather kills coronavirus 2019 and 13 other COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28{degrees}C and +14.51{degrees}C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth


Scientists were able to prove that the virus evolved naturally in animals before jumping to humans.

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

However, the source(s) and transmission routine(s) of SARSCoV2 remain elusive' (1).


Antibiotics: Antibiotics work against bacterial infections, not viral infections like COVID-19.

Question: Do antibiotics work against the coronavirus?

Teicoplanin, an antibiotic used to treat staphylococci infection, previously showed efficacy to inhibit the first stage of MERS-coronarivus viral cycle in human cells.


Can hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19? No

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

Among patients with COVID-19, the use of HCQ could significantly shorten TTCR and promote the absorption of pneumonia.


Diarrhea, vomiting and abdominal pain may be early symptoms of coronavirus.

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Gustatory Dysfunction as an Early Symptom in COVID-19 Screening


Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly spread around the globe after its emergence in Wuhan in December 2019.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

We show that a high (5106 pfu) and medium (5104 pfu) dose of SARS-CoV-2 induces consistent upper respiratory tract (URT) viral RNA shedding in both groups of six challenged animals, whilst a low dose (5102 pfu) resulted in only one of six displaying signs of URT viral RNA replication.


camostat mesylate inhibited infection of important target cells - human lung epithelial cells,

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


the use of ibuprofen does lead to more sever coronaviru outcomes

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

there is no supporting evidence to discourage the use of ibuprofen.


The weather can affect the spread of coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

it seems that high levels of urban air pollution, and climate conditions have a significant impact on SARS-CoV-2 diffusion. Exhibited positive correlations of ambient ozone levels and negative correlations of NO2 with the increased rates of COVID-19 infections (Total number, Daily New positive and Total Deaths cases), can be attributed to airborne bioaerosols distribution. The results show positive correlation of daily averaged O3 with air temperature and inversely correlations with relative humidity and precipitation rates.


alcohol-based hand sanitizers recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) are effective in killing the novel coronavirus.

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

Most alcohol based hand sanitizers are effective at inactivating enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses.


the addition of zinc to hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin was associated with a decrease in mortality in patients who were not admitted to the intensive care unit.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

Preliminary clinical evidence from China and France showed significant virological and clinical benefit in HCQ-treated patients, while other studies, mostly including critically ill patients, did not show favorable results.


vitamin D3 is showing impressive effects in buffering the severity of COVID-19 infections

Question: Can I take any vitamins or supplements to prevent COVID-19?

Evidence evaluating these supplements in COVID-19 patients is lacking, and providers and patients should not rely on dietary supplements to prevent or treat COVID-19.


no studies have investigated the effect of vitamin D supplements or vitamin D deficiency on the risk of contracting the new coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

ecological investigation on 51 countries including 408,748 participants, analyses indicated no correlation between vitamin D levels and recovery rate (r= 0.041) as well as mortality rate (r=-0.073) globally.


Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

compounds derived from Allium sativum (garlic) have the potential to decrease the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to reverse the immunological abnormalities to more acceptable levels. Allium sativum is suggested as a beneficial preventive measure before being infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus.


COVID-19 Patients Having Sufficient Vitamin D Experience reduced complications and lower mortality.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


From a mechanistic angle, there are good reasons to postulate that vitamin D favourably modulates host responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), both in the early viraemic and later hyperinflammatory phases of COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Vitamin D deficiency that is not sufficiently treated is associated with COVID-19 risk.


Remdesivir, a drug that once offered hope against Ebola, is now in the spotlight as the only current effective medication for COVID-19.

Question: is remdesivir an effective treatment for COVID-19?

Currently, there is not any specific effective antiviral treatment for COVID-19.


There are many things we can do to prevent the spread of COVID-19 (coronavirus): washing our hands, coughing into our elbows, avoiding touching our faces, staying home if we're feeling sick and social distancing.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

To analyze the effectiveness of social distancing in the United States (U.S.).


Question: Can favipiravir help treat COVID-19?

No specific treatment has been reported.


wearing a mask is effective in preventing COVID-19

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

three double-layer materials including double-layer medical non-woven fabric, medical non-woven fabric plus non-woven shopping bag, and medical non-woven fabric plus granular tea towel could meet all the standards of pressure difference, particle filtration efficiency, and resistance to surface wetting, and were close to the standard of the bacterial filtration efficiency; homemade masks using available materials can minimize the chance of infection to the maximum extent.


Lockdowns and Mask Mandates Do Not Lead to Reduced COVID transmission rates or deaths

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We present two models for the COVID-19 pandemic predicting the impact of universal face mask wearing upon the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus--one employing a stochastic dynamic network based compartmental SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) approach, and the other employing individual ABM (agent-based modelling) Monte Carlo simulation--indicating (1) significant impact under (near) universal masking when at least 80% of a population is wearing masks, versus minimal impact when only 50% or less of the population is wearing masks, and (2) significant impact when universal masking is adopted early, by Day 50 of a regional outbreak, versus minimal impact when universal masking is adopted late.


Many diseases, such as the flu, are seasonal, with cases spiking when the weather is cool and dry.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-16 cases/day with a 1{degrees}C rise in temperature


coronavirus could be detected on these surfaces for the following amounts of time: Aerosols: up to 3 hours; Copper: up to 4 hours; Cardboard: up to 24 hours; Plastic: up to 2-3 days; Stainless Steel: up to 2-3 days

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Human Coronavirus 229E Remains Infectious on Common Touch Surface Materials


The coronavirus may thrive in an environment of elevated blood glucose. People with underlying medical conditions such as diabetes might be at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

COVID-19 patients with diabetes were more likely to develop severe or critical disease conditions with more complications, and had higher incidence rates of antibiotic therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and death


Whilethe lopinavir-ritonavir-, hydroxychloroquine sulfate-, or emtricitabine-tenofovirtreated group exhibited lower overall clinical scores than the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated control group, the virus titers in nasal washes, stool specimens,and respiratory tissues were similar between all three antiviral-candidate-treated groups and the PBS-treated control group.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

We show that a high (5106 pfu) and medium (5104 pfu) dose of SARS-CoV-2 induces consistent upper respiratory tract (URT) viral RNA shedding in both groups of six challenged animals, whilst a low dose (5102 pfu) resulted in only one of six displaying signs of URT viral RNA replication.


the use of fever-lowering such as  paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) over-the-counter medicines to cope with COVID-19 symptoms is recommended.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

It was recently suggested that ibuprofen might increase the risk for severe and fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and should therefore be avoided in this patient population.


Cancer survivors and patients should be treated similarly to other high-risk groups since an overreaction from the immune system can lead to cancer progression if infected with the new coronavirus.

Question: Does having a weakened immune system increase your risk of illness from COVID-19?

Studies demonstrate that COVID-19 is an immune condition which is marked by reduced lymphocytes and elevated selected proinflammatory cytokines. Similar immune expression has been demonstrated in pregnancy by several studies.


there is no specific medicine recommended to prevent or treat the new coronavirus, which causes the COVID-19 disease

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

In Unani medicine, during an epidemic, apart from isolation and quarantine, three measures are of utmost importance, (i) purification of surroundings using certain herbal drugs as fumigants or sprays, (ii) health promotion and immune-modulation, and (iii) use of health-protecting drugs and symptom-specific drugs. Drugs such as loban (Styrax benzoides W. G. Craib), sandroos (Hymenaea verrucosa Gaertn.) za'fran (Crocus sativus L.), vinegar etc. are prescribed in various forms.


Countries with hot weather have not reported cases of COVID-19.

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.


Widely used drugs to control high blood pressure do not help protect against severe Covid-19

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

Hypertension was associated with increased composite poor outcome, including mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, need for ICU care and disease progression in patients with COVID-19.


New study warns of COVID-19 impact on cardiovascular health

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

Cardiovascular complications were mainly observed in the confirmed COVID-19+group, consisting of heart failure (9%), palpitations/arrhythmias (3%), stroke/TIA (3%) and pulmonary hypertension (3%). Cardiovascular symptoms such as chest pain (1%), myocardial injury (1%) and pericardial effusion (1%) were also recorded.


The COVID-19 shutdown is making weather prediction more difficult

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


The virus that causes COVID-19 can remain more stable plastic

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Susceptible persons who contacted these contaminated surfaces may transfer the pathogens to their mucous membranes via hands, leading to a risk of respiratory infection.


There is no evidence that dogs or cats can spread COVID-19 to humans, but there are a few precautions to take.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

It is now accepted that the wild fauna, probably bats, constitute the initial reservoir of the virus, but little is known about the role pets can play in the spread of the disease in human communities, knowing the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to infect some domestic animals.


camostat mesylate was active against other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

The results suggest the effectiveness of Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir as potent drugs against SARS-CoV-2 since they tightly bind to its RdRp. In addition, the results suggest guanosine derivative (IDX-184), Setrobuvir, and YAK as top seeds for antiviral treatments with high potential to fight the SARS-CoV-2 strain specifically.


Treatment for: COVID-19. Remdesivir is an investigational nucleotide analog antiviral in development as a treatment for COVID-19.

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

This article summarizes agents with potential efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.


Surgical masks can prevent catching covid-19

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

In this study, we demonstrated, using avian coronavirus of infectious bronchitis virus to mimic SARSCoV2, that medical masks and N95 masks remained their blocking efficacy after being steamed on boiling water even for 2 hours.


No human-settled area in the world is protected from coronavirus transmission by virtue of weather, at any point in the year

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

These results provide evidence for the relationship between several weather variables and the spread of COVID-19. However, the (conservatively) estimated relationships are not strong enough to seasonally control the epidemic in most locations.


both in the U.S. and globally, that social distancing policies led to a decrease in community mobility.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

we do not find significant evidence that social distancing has resulted in a reduction in the number of daily confirmed cases. Instead, social distancing has merely stabilized the spread of the disease.


the time between exposure and the onset of covid-19 symptoms-is anywhere between two to 14 days.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The government of different countries has adopted various policies to contain this epidemic and the most common were social distancing and lockdown. Our analysis revealed that the measures can slow down the outbreak. We can reduce the epidemic size and prolong the time to arrive at the epidemic peak by seriously following the measures suggested by the authorities.


It's unclear why taking an ACE inhibitor or an ARB might curb Covid-19

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers are not associated with severe COVID-19 infection in a multi-site UK acute hospital trust


But there is no evidence that vitamin C can have an impact on COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention. However, supplementation with vitamins C and D, as well as with zinc and selenium, was highlighted as potentially beneficial for individuals with, or at risk of, respiratory viral infections or for those in whom nutrient deficiency is detected.


there is strong evidence that the covid-19 virus can spread through food.

Question: Can COVID-19 spread through food?

Food systems at all levelsglobally, domestically, locally, and in the home are expected to be highly affected by the COVID-19 crisis.


The evidence we have is that people will be immune after a bout with this new coronanvirus

Question: Are you immune to COVID-19 after recovering from it?

Contrary to this picture, we describe a case of a patient recovered from COVID19 pneumonia with positive serology, followed up by 6 negative nasopharyngeal swabPCR tests performed along 1 month, who later on, after exposure to the virus, presented another positive RTPCR test and a second IgM seroconversion.


Compounds in tea may help ward off cancers, but don't drink tea that's too hot, especially when drinking alcohol or smoking.

Question: Can drinking hot green tea help in preventing COVID-19?

The present study corroborates that compound "I" (EGCG) mostly present in the integrants of green tea, shows the highest potentiality for acting as an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2


In a disturbing parallel to H.I.V., the coronavirus can cause a depletion of important immune cells

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


A fever, cough, and shortness of breath are still the more common signs of COVID-19

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

Clinical symptoms included fever (100%), cough (69.6%), expectoration (43.5%), myalgia (26.1%), headache (17.4%) and dyspnea (17.4%), and the less common symptom was diarrhea (4.3%).


Further studies are needed to understand if and how different animals could be affected by the virus and the role animals may play in the spread of COVID-19.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19 to people?

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now a pandemic threat. This virus is supposed to be spread by human to human transmission.


Question: Does heat prevent COVID-19?

The COVID-19 database of integrated TCM and Western medicine can be used to prepare for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.


At this time, there is no evidence of transmission of the COVID-19 virus, a respiratory virus, through food or food packaging

Question: Can COVID-19 spread through food?

For the time being, the possibility of transmission through the food sector is considered negligible


Coronavirus may have originated in bats or pangolins.

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Zhou et al (1) mentioned that 'Direct contact with intermediate host animals or consumption of wild animals was suspected to be the main route of SARSCoV2 transmission.


As cold weather arrives, U.S. states see record increases

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Correcting for that distributed delay and offering conservative estimates, we find a negative relationship between temperatures above 25 degrees Celsius and estimated reproduction number ([R]), with each degree Celsius associated with a 3.1% (95% CI, 1.5% to 4.8%) reduction in [R]. Higher levels of relative humidity strengthen the negative effect of temperature above 25 degrees.


Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings;


Social Distancing Prevent the Spread of Coronavirus

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

We use a simple log-linear model with intercept and trend break to evaluate whether the measures are effective preventing/slowing down the spread of the disease in Turkey.


Excessive alcohol use can weaken the immune system

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

Is drinking a healthy way of coping? No.


The coronavirus made by human in a laboratory

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Zhou et al (1) mentioned that 'Direct contact with intermediate host animals or consumption of wild animals was suspected to be the main route of SARSCoV2 transmission.


There is no research showing that using or consuming any natural or herbal products, including essential oils, eucalyptus oil or witch hazel, will prevent infection with the 2019 novel coronavirus.

Question: Are there natural remedies that will prevent me from getting infected with COVID-19?

Nature provides a huge reservoir of anti-infectious compounds, from which we can deduce innovative ideas, therapies, and products.


The study, of 507 patients with confirmed COVID-19, found there was no significant difference in clinical outcome with the addition of hydroxychloroquine, either with or without azithromycin.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

The available evidence suggests that CQ or HCQ does not improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19.


favipiravir may help remove the airway of the coronavirus (source)

Question: Can favipiravir help treat COVID-19?

currently, appropriate treatment for patients with COVID19 is an ACE2 inhibitor and a clinical problem reducing agent such as favipiravir in addition to hydroxychloroquine and corticosteroids.


Further studies are needed to understand if and how different animals could be affected by the virus and the role animals may play in the spread of COVID-19.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19 to people?

ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne routes.


There is no evidence that dogs or cats can spread COVID-19 to humans, but there are a few precautions to take.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Experimental data showed ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne route.


Although Vitamin C helps us maintain good immune function, there's little evidence that it can prevent or substantially reduce either of cold and flu, and covid-19 diseases.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention.


Research on COVID-19 transmission dynamics has shown the value of masks in preventing spread of the virus.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

This study 1) illustrates transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings; and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


Cold weather and snow CANNOT kill the new coronavirus.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-16 cases/day with a 1{degrees}C rise in temperature


What happens to your airways when you smoke cannabis is that it causes some degree of inflammation, very similar to bronchitis, very similar to the type of inflammation that cigarette smoking can cause. Now you have some airway inflammation and you get an infection on top of it. So, yes, your chance of getting more complications is there.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis thus joins tobacco as a SARS2-CoV-2 risk factor.


When infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, many people experience mild and moderate symptoms, but for some people infection can be severe or fatal.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


doctors have been increasingly reporting cases of another battlefield raging within the body: the heart.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

The clinical evidence in our study suggested that myocardial injury is more likely related to systemic consequences rather than direct damage by the 2019 novel coronavirus. The elevation in cardiac markers was probably due to secondary and systemic consequences and can be considered as the warning sign for recent adverse clinical outcomes of the patients


Some people with certain medical conditions, such as kidney problems, cannot safely take vitamin D.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Although COVID-19 can be rapidly diagnosed, efficient clinical treatment of COVID-19 remains unavailable, resulting in high fatality.


Sunlight and Hot Temperatures Do Not Prevent the Coronavirus

Question: Does heat prevent COVID-19?

We showed that heat inactivation significantly interferes with the levels of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. The IgM levels of all the 34 serum samples (100%) from COVID-19 patients decreased by an average level of 53.56%. The IgG levels were decreased in 22 of 34 samples (64.71%) by an average level of 49.54%.


Vitamin D might lower the risk of viral respiratory tract infections like COVID-19

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The CD4 + memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting "lung crash" until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged. Finally, this administration could be helpful not only in already infected patients, but also before infection. In fact, people could have an immune system more ready when the contact with the Covid-19 will occur.


The best way to prevent the spread of infections and decrease the risk of getting sick is by washing your hands with plain soap and water,

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Herein, we report that nosocomial infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may be mitigated by using surgical masks and closed looped ventilation for both non-critical and critical patients.


Social Distancing Prevent the Spread of Coronavirus

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The decentralized strategy is insufficient when used alone, but offers the best results when combined with the centralized one. Indeed, the (C+D) is the most efficient isolation strategy at mitigating the network superspreaders and reducing the highest node degrees to less than 10% of their initial values.


vitamin D deficiency increases a person's risk of COVID-19 by 77%, compared to those with sufficient levels of the nutrient.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


For people with severe illness, recovery can take up to six weeks - or longer

Question: Can people recover from COVID-19?

Epidemiological, clinical and immunological studies from COVID-19 recovered patients are particularly important to understand the disease and to prepare better for potential outbreaks in the future.


long-term exposure to PM2.5 air pollution, produced by sources including wildfires, power plants and vehicles, may make the coronavirus particularly deadly.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

We show that the delay between exposure and detection of infection complicates the estimation of weather impact on COVID-19 transmission, potentially explaining significant variability in results to-date


wearing a mask is effective in preventing COVID-19

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

However, masks alone may not greatly slow down the COVID-19 pandemic unless they are coupled with adequate social distancing, diligent hand hygiene, and other proven preventive measures.


Will white wine vinegar protect me from Covid-19?  No

Question: Can vinegar help in preventing COVID-19?

Considering its potential benefits and high availability, acetic acid disinfection appears to be a promising adjunctive therapy in cases of non-severe COVID-19 and deserves further investigation.


Most hospitalized COVID-19 patients have neurological symptoms

Question: Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

A case of COVID-19 patient with the diarrhea as initial symptom


Depending on the material, the coronavirus can last on surfaces like countertops and doorknobs anywhere from several hours to days.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Human Coronavirus 229E Remains Infectious on Common Touch Surface Materials


COVID-19 takes mental toll on youth, minorities, essential workers

Question: How has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health?

Psychological impact was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and mental health status with the Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12).


The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11 declared COVID-19 a pandemic

Question: When was the COVID-19 pandemic declared?

At a news briefing , WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, noted that over the past 2 weeks, the number of cases outside China increased 13-fold and the number of countries with cases increased threefold. Further increases are expected.


Although there have not been reports of pets or other animals becoming sick with 2019-nCoV, several types of coronaviruses can cause illness in animals and spread between animals and people.

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets. There are now many reports of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases in dogs, cats, tigers, lion, and minks.


The weather can affect the spread of coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases. The curve flattened at a threshold of 25.8 C. There is no evidence supporting that the curve declined for temperatures above 25.8 C


There's a Mountain of Evidence That Hydroxychloroquine Is an Effective Treatment for COVID-19

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

early empiric short-term administration of HCQ in symptomatic individuals, may be a promising, safe and low-cost strategy.


phony product to prevent sars-cov-2 - use a silver spray instead of hand sanitizer

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

When hand washing with soap and water is unavailable, a sufficient volume of sanitizer is necessary to ensure complete hand coverage, and compliance is critical for appropriate hand hygiene.


hand sanitizer is not effective against COVID-19

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

Most alcohol based hand sanitizers are effective at inactivating enveloped viruses, including coronaviruses.


a runaway immune system reaction could be one mechanism behind severe COVID-19 cases.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


The ideal face mask blocks large respiratory droplets from coughs or sneezes - the primary method by which people pass the coronavirus to others

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

However, low quality evidence suggests that N95 respirators protect HCWs from clinical respiratory infections.


It examined the susceptibility of a number of species to COVID-19, including cats and dogs, using a small number of animals.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can infect felines, dogs and minks, and there is evidence of human-to-animal infection.


Anti-inflammatory drugs, which includes steroids such as prednisone and non-steroidal drugs like ibuprofen, work by decreasing inflammation

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

For NSAIDs, there is no clear scientific evidence linking ibuprofen and other NSAIDs to worsening of COVID-19; however, it seems prudent to continue them, if necessary to control pericarditis, and on the other hand, to prefer paracetamol for fever and systemic symptoms related to COVID-19.


Are Advil and Motrin bad for a coronavirus fever or headache? The short answer is YES.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

As fever may have benefit in shortening the duration of viral illness, it is plausible to hypothesize that the antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen may be hindering the benefits of a fever response when taken during the early stages of COVID-19 illness.


Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19 ? Yes, you can. There has been a little confusion about the best over the counter treatments for COVID-19 symptoms.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

The Expert Working Group on the Commission of Human Medicines in the UK and other organizations have stated that there is insufficient evidence to establish a link between ibuprofen and susceptibility to or exacerbation of COVID-19.


healthy blood levels of vitamin D may give patients with COVID-19 a survival advantage by helping them avoid cytokine storm, when the immune system overreacts and attacks your body's own cells and tissues.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

there is not enough evidence on the association between vitamin D levels and COVID-19 severity and mortality. Therefore, randomized control trials and cohort studies are necessary to test this hypothesis.


At this time, there is no evidence of transmission of the COVID-19 virus, a respiratory virus, through food or food packaging

Question: Can COVID-19 spread through food?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is easily transmitted from person to person, which has fueled the ongoing pandemic.


The COVID crisis has created mental health issues that cannot be ignored.

Question: How to stay mentally healthy during COVID-19 crisis?

We observed that factors related with living conditions, maintaining the work either online or in the workplace, frequency of exercise and absence of a previous psychological or physic disorders are protective features of psychological well-being (anxiety, depression, stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms).


Both vitamin C and vitamin D have been implicated in boosting immune response.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Thirty-one percent of the guidelines highlighted the importance of minerals and vitamins such as zinc and vitamins C, A, and D to maintain a well-functioning immune system.


Pixatimod is active in lab studies against SARS-CoV-2

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


In many of the sickest patients with COVID-19, it seems the worst damage may be driven by a deranged immune response to the infection, called a cytokine storm, rather than the virus itself.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Thus both qualitative and quantitative features of B and T cell immunity to spike constitute informative biomarkers of the protective potential of novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.


Question: Can people recover from COVID-19?

Of the 74 confirmed patients with COVID-19, 26 (35%) recovered during the study period and voluntarily stopped using the system.


Hydroxychloroquine has been touted as a possible treatment for COVID-19 but it remains controversial as some experts believe it is unproven and may not be effective.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

The available evidence suggests that CQ or HCQ does not improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19.


Once a person has contracted coronavirus, it can take 2-14 days for symptoms to appear. The average incubation period appears to be roughly 5-6 days.

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Anosmia and ageusia as primary symptoms of COVID-19


Coronavirus is a hoax and part of a wider 5G

Question: Can 5G technology cause COVID-19?

Content analysis revealed that, of 233 sample tweets, 34.8% (n=81) contained views that 5G and COVID-19 were linked


immunity to the new coronavirus may last at least that long.

Question: Are you immune to COVID-19 after recovering from it?

To date, understanding whether acquired immunity and presence of anti SARSCov2 antibodies protects against reinfection is one the most important focus of the scientific community


Will domestic pets get COVID-19? No the domestic pets will not get COVID-19

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets.


In many critically ill coronavirus patients, ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) is a common cause of death related to COVID-19

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Respiratory failure has been cited as the major cause of death


My opinion is that you keep the correct levels of vitamin D in your body.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Vitamin D deficiency that is not sufficiently treated is associated with COVID-19 risk.


The coronavirus made by human in a laboratory

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

However, the source(s) and transmission routine(s) of SARSCoV2 remain elusive' (1).


The coronavirus is a respiratory virus [that] invades the respiratory system. Coronavirus can infect both the upper and lower respiratory tract.

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Compared to the recovered group, more patients in the death group exhibited characteristics of advanced age, pre-existing comorbidities, dyspnea, oxygen saturation decrease, increased WBC count, decreased lymphocytes, and elevated CRP levels.


Face masks and social distancing measures reduce COVID-19 spread, but they also work against other pathogens.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


There is no reason to believe that cold weather can kill the new coronavirus or other diseases.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


hydroxychloroquine may cause direct myocardial toxicity and worsen cardiomyopathy, a problem that can lead to heart failure.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

Myocardial injury is significantly associated with fatal outcome of COVID-19, while the prognosis of patients with underlying CVD but without myocardial injury is relatively favorable. Myocardial injury is associated with cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias. Inflammation may be a potential mechanism for myocardial injury.


The analysis of public genome sequence data from SARS-CoV-2 and related viruses found no evidence that the virus was made in a laboratory or otherwise engineered.

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This paper investigates the COVID-19 virus origin by using artificial intelligence (AI) and raw genomic sequences of the virus.


Several types of OTC medicine can help to reduce the fever, headaches, and body aches that may come with COVID-19. That includes acetaminophen and ibuprofen.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

The Expert Working Group on the Commission of Human Medicines in the UK and other organizations have stated that there is insufficient evidence to establish a link between ibuprofen and susceptibility to or exacerbation of COVID-19.


people suffering from symptoms of the illness avoid taking the common anti-inflammatory painkiller, which is known by brand names like Advil and Motrin.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

For NSAIDs, there is no clear scientific evidence linking ibuprofen and other NSAIDs to worsening of COVID-19;


Vitamin D deficiency linked to increased risk for COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


Does Hand Sanitizer Kill Coronavirus (COVID-19)? Yes

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

When hand washing with soap and water is unavailable, a sufficient volume of sanitizer is necessary to ensure complete hand coverage, and compliance is critical for appropriate hand hygiene.


COVID-19 spreads mainly among people who are in close contact (within about 6 feet) for a prolonged period.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

counties where the policies have been imposed have effectively increased social distancing and have seen slowing the spread of COVID-19.


Good ventilation can reduce the risk of catching coronavirus.

Question: Does heat prevent COVID-19?

We showed that heat inactivation significantly interferes with the levels of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. The IgM levels of all the 34 serum samples (100%) from COVID-19 patients decreased by an average level of 53.56%. The IgG levels were decreased in 22 of 34 samples (64.71%) by an average level of 49.54%.


There is no reason to believe that cold weather can kill the new coronavirus or other diseases.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

In the southern cities, the ambient temperature and air pollution have a negative interactive effect on COVID-19 transmission, implying that rising temperature restrains the facilitating effects of air pollution and that they jointly lead to a decrease in new confirmed cases.


Humans can not infect other animals with the Covid-19 virus.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can infect felines, dogs and minks, and there is evidence of human-to-animal infection.


Surgical masks can prevent catching covid-19

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Although there have not been reports of pets or other animals becoming sick with 2019-nCoV, several types of coronaviruses can cause illness in animals and spread between animals and people.

Question: Can coronaviruses spread from people to animals?

This virus is supposed to be spread by human to human transmission.


Little is known about the kinetics, tissue distribution, cross-reactivity and neutralization antibody response in COVID-19 patients.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

There is no therapeutic FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a combination of anti-viral drugs is directly being practiced in some countries.


People with diabetes do not face a higher chance of experiencing serious complications from COVID-19.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Our data support the notion that diabetes should be considered as a risk factor for a rapid progression and bad prognosis of COVID-19.


virtue of weather will not stop the spread of coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

These results provide evidence for the relationship between several weather variables and the spread of COVID-19. However, the (conservatively) estimated relationships are not strong enough to seasonally control the epidemic in most locations.


Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

Scientists are endeavoring to find antivirals specific to the virus.


Some HIV patients with 'powerful immune systems' may naturally clear HIV infections

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The CD4 + memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting "lung crash" until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged. Finally, this administration could be helpful not only in already infected patients, but also before infection. In fact, people could have an immune system more ready when the contact with the Covid-19 will occur.


The COVID-19 pandemic is having a significant impact on mental health

Question: How has the COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health?

As a result of the emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the Chinese city of Wuhan, a situation of socio-economic crisis and profound psychological distress rapidly occurred worldwide.


Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

This study 1) illustrates transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings; and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


COVID-19 originated in a laboratory in Wuhan, China -  and not naturally in wildlife

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Although to date it is considered that Covid19 originates from bats (96.2% overall genome sequence identity) (1), the type of intermediate animals that caused the transmission to humans remains unknown (2-4).


outbreaks of the new coronavirus will wane as winter turns to spring

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Correcting for that distributed delay and offering conservative estimates, we find a negative relationship between temperatures above 25 degrees Celsius and estimated reproduction number ([R]), with each degree Celsius associated with a 3.1% (95% CI, 1.5% to 4.8%) reduction in [R]. Higher levels of relative humidity strengthen the negative effect of temperature above 25 degrees.


Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are medications for patients with cardiovascular diseases including heart attacks, high blood pressure, diabetes and chronic kidney disease to name a few

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.


there are no vitamins or supplements known to help prevent coronavirus, including covid-19. certain nutrients are known to be particularly helpful to boost your immunity, including beta carotene, vita

Question: Can I take any vitamins or supplements to prevent COVID-19?

Here, we review theoretical mechanisms and evidence related to efficacy and safety of select supplements in the setting of COVID-19, including vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, elderberry, and silver.


The Coronavirus Patients Betrayed by Their Own Immune Systems.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.


In the public mind, the origin story of coronavirus seems well fixed: in late 2019 someone at the now world-famous Huanan seafood market in Wuhan was infected with a virus from an animal

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This provides evidences strongly supporting scientific hypotheses that bats and pangolins are probable hosts for the COVID-19 virus. At the whole genome analysis level, our findings also indicate that bats are more likely the hosts for the COVID-19 virus than pangolins.


surgical masks are effective barriers in preventing people from discharging infectious particles, at least quantity-wise.

Question: Does a surgical mask help avoid COVID-19?

Surgical mask partition reduces the risk of non-contact transmission in a golden Syrian hamster model for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)


The coronavirus can impact the heart muscle long after diagnosis. Long-term COVID-19.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

the greater susceptibility of individuals with underlying cardiovascular conditions to develop more severe Covid-19 with higher mortality rate is likely to be confounded, in part, by age and the type of co-morbidities. Patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease might show an excess risk


25 percent of the infected COVID-19 population " remains asymptomatic and never develop symptoms or have positive findings on chest X-rays.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

APs with COVID-19 still have certain period of viral shedding, which suggests the possibility of transmission during their asymptomatic period.


Coronavirus: No proof yet that pets can get COVID-19 from owners

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19 to people?

Although animal-to-animal transmission has been shown to be possible, there is no evidence of animal-to-human transmission.


Coronaviruses are separate from influenza viruses.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


Children May Be Silent Carriers of COVID-19

Question: what are the health outcomes for children who contract COVID-19?

More studies are needed to further understand the presentation and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in children with special needs.


When going out in public, it is important to stay at least 6 feet away from other people and wear a mask to slow the spread of COVID-19.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Our models predict these strict social distancing measures caused a 79% and 61% reduction in the daily cases of COVID-19 across Australia and New Zealand respectively. This provides both evidence and impetus for governments considering similar measures in response to COVID-19 and other pandemics.


While no studies exist directly linking cannabis combustion (or cannabis consumption in general) to coronavirus symptoms, COVID-19 causes respiratory illness, an issue smoking only exacerbates.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

An epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) began in December 2019 and triggered a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). We aimed to find risk factors for the progression of COVID-19 to help reducing the risk of critical illness and death for clinical help.


SARS-CoV-2 is more stable copper and cardboard

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

We report here that pathogenic human coronavirus 229E remained infectious in a human lung cell culture model following at least 5 days of persistence on a range of common nonbiocidal surface materials, including polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon; PTFE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), ceramic tiles, glass, silicone rubber, and stainless steel.


covid-19 Patients are unlikely to be reinfected shortly after they recover

Question: Are you immune to COVID-19 after recovering from it?

Several hospitals in different countries have detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the semen and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with severe COVID-19.


Coronavirus is just like the common cold.

Question: How dangerous is COVID-19?

Complicated objective factors such as the long-term existence of source of infection, difficulty in completely blocking the transmission route and a large susceptible population suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic might stay with us for long term. Therefore, we should be ready for a tough and long-term battle against the COVID-19 epidemic.


The novel coronavirus mainly attacks the lungs.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

the greater susceptibility of individuals with underlying cardiovascular conditions to develop more severe Covid-19 with higher mortality rate is likely to be confounded, in part, by age and the type of co-morbidities. Patients with heart failure or chronic kidney disease might show an excess risk


wearing a face mask that covers both your nose and mouth is one way to fight the spread of covid-19 disease

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

This study 1) illustrates transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings; and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, helps prevent the destruction of the alveolar capillaries in the lungs and helps control the severity of the disease that can progress to potentially deadly pneumonia.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

CONCLUSION The use of IV vitamin C in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease may be feasible.


Are antibiotics effective in preventing or treating COVID-19? No. Antibiotics do not work against viruses; they only work on bacterial infections.

Question: Do antibiotics work against the coronavirus?

Various semisynthetic derivatives of glycopeptide antibiotics including vancomycin, eremomycin, teicoplanin, ristocetin A and DA-40926 have been evaluated for their inhibitory activity against feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and human (SARS-CoV, Frankfurt-1 strain) coronavirus in cell culture in comparison with their activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).


There is no scientific research supporting the claim that taking high doses of vitamin C could help prevent or cure COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


Can Pets Get or Spread COVID-19? No, they can't

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets.