wearing a face mask do not stopped person-to-person spread of the virus.

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We present two models for the COVID-19 pandemic predicting the impact of universal face mask wearing upon the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus--one employing a stochastic dynamic network based compartmental SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) approach, and the other employing individual ABM (agent-based modelling) Monte Carlo simulation--indicating (1) significant impact under (near) universal masking when at least 80% of a population is wearing masks, versus minimal impact when only 50% or less of the population is wearing masks, and (2) significant impact when universal masking is adopted early, by Day 50 of a regional outbreak, versus minimal impact when universal masking is adopted late.


Early symptoms for covid-19: include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. These appear as soon as 2 days, or as long as 14 days, after exposure to the virus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


A headache isn't a common symptom of the virus, but about 14% of people infected with corna have experienced it

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

Cough, fever, headache and asthenia were the most prevalent symptoms.


Mask wearing and social distancing for COVID-19 may be slowing influenza spread

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing is associated with a statistically-significant reduction in the doubling rate for all but three states.


Many experts believe that the rapid decline in certain COVID-19 patients, including those who need support from a ventilator, comes down to an individual's immune system

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


fear and anxiety about a new disease and what could happen can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

stronger social distancing, e.g., cutting 75% of social ties, can reduce the outbreak by 75% for the C isolation, by 33% for the D isolation, and by 87% for the (C+D) isolation strategy.


elderly or people with underlying medical conditions are in high risk with covid-19

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Discussion: The combined social distancing measures implemented by the Greek authorities within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus reduced the COVID-19 growth rate.


studies have shown that a deficiency of the nutrient (vitamin D) is linked to higher risk of severe COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

ecological investigation on 51 countries including 408,748 participants, analyses indicated no correlation between vitamin D levels and recovery rate (r= 0.041) as well as mortality rate (r=-0.073) globally.


Although cardiovascular diseases in combination with COVID-19 portend increased risk of severity and mortality, the use of [ACE inhibitors and ARBs] is not the likely culprit.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

among patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19, ACEI/ARB use was not associated with increased risk of hospital admission.


smokers were statistically less likely to be admitted for treatment for Covid-19.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Smoking has complicated effects on the immune system involving both up and down regulation, any of which might alone or in concert antagonize progression of COVID-19.


Traditional medicines involving plant-based formulations have proven successful in boosting immunity and providing tolerance to virus infections.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

We show that a high (5106 pfu) and medium (5104 pfu) dose of SARS-CoV-2 induces consistent upper respiratory tract (URT) viral RNA shedding in both groups of six challenged animals, whilst a low dose (5102 pfu) resulted in only one of six displaying signs of URT viral RNA replication.


Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Covid19 infection began in Wuhan (Hubei, China) in December, 2019.


there is evidence that routine use of ibuprofen associated with higher covid-19 mortality

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

However, available data from limited studies show administration of recombinant ACE2 improves lung damage caused by respiratory viruses, suggesting ibuprofen use may be beneficial in COVID-19 disease.


no clinical evidence on vitamin D in COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

Since there is still no definitive conclusion regarding which non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are most effective and safe in viral respiratory infections, we decided to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various NSAIDs in viral respiratory infections so that we can reach a conclusion on which NSAID is best choice for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).


Vitamin D may improve odds of survival from COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


Studies on the use of available vaccines, including BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine), to develop immunity against this virus are also underway. Specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are also being developed in many laboratories across the world.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


even wearing non-medical grade masks or face coverings would have a profound effect in limiting coronavirus transmission

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


a study reports the potential contribution of vitamin D deficiency to an increased risk of COVID-19 in a subset of health care workers in the UK

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Tylenol (acetaminophen) is only effective at relieving pain and fever, but Advil (ibuprofen) relieves inflammation in addition to pain and fever.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of COVID-19 patients, ibuprofen use was not associated with worse clinical outcomes, compared with paracetamol or no antipyretic.


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

However, a lot of work needs to be done to achieve a successful treatment result and the full safety and efficacy of the trial drugs will take some time to be developed.


First of all, Covid-19 is just one coronavirus of many

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Data indicate CVIR demonstrates significant trends across cannabis use intensity quintiles and with relaxed cannabis legislation. Recent cannabis use is independently predictive of CVIR in bivariate and multivariable adjusted models and intensity of use is interactively significant. Cannabis thus joins tobacco as a SARS2-CoV-2 risk factor.


Do you need hand sanitizer to effectively fight COVID-19? Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the most effective way of fighting coronavirus is using soap and water to wash your hands

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

Efficient SARS-CoV-2 inactivation was demonstrated for all tested alcohol-based disinfectants. These findings show the successful inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 for the first time and provide confidence in its use for the control of COVID-19.


Blood pressure drugs linked to lower Covid-19 mortality

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

Pre-existing comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are associated with a greater severity and higher fatality rate of covid-19.


Vitamin D appears increase COVID-19 mortality rates

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Middle East, the recovery rate (r= 0.267) and mortality rate (r= -0.217) showed a medium correlation.


fear and anxiety about a new disease and what could happen can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The Greek authorities implemented the strong social distancing measures within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus to curtail the COVID-19 growth rate.


Coronavirus Can Linger in Air for Hours.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Being a novel pandemic coronavirus version, it might be ongoing during summer conditions associated with higher air temperatures, low relative humidity and precipitation levels.


around 40% of people who contract SARS-CoV-2 most likely remain symptom-free.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The evidence confirms COVID-19 transmission from people who were asymptomatic at the time.


While there is no evidence that infected animals can spread COVID-19 to humans, some pet owners might be concerned, understandably so, that their pet could become infected with COVID-19 and fall ill.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19 to people?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets.


Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

The clinical evidence in our study suggested that myocardial injury is more likely related to systemic consequences rather than direct damage by the 2019 novel coronavirus. The elevation in cardiac markers was probably due to secondary and systemic consequences and can be considered as the warning sign for recent adverse clinical outcomes of the patients


chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which have been extensively used for the treatment of malaria with known safety and efficacy, also limit acidification of endosomes, Golgi vesicles, and lysosomes. These molecules significantly reduce SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

The results suggest the effectiveness of Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir as potent drugs against SARS-CoV-2 since they tightly bind to its RdRp. In addition, the results suggest guanosine derivative (IDX-184), Setrobuvir, and YAK as top seeds for antiviral treatments with high potential to fight the SARS-CoV-2 strain specifically.


Cell that Ab8 is highly effective in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice and hamsters. Its tiny size not only increases its potential for diffusion in tissues to better neutralize the virus, but also makes it possible to administer the drug by alternative routes, including inhalation. Importantly, it does not bind to human cells -- a good sign that it won't have negative side-effects in people.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

There is no therapeutic FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a combination of anti-viral drugs is directly being practiced in some countries.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


By curbing inflammation, the drug could help people whose immune systems have become overactive through a process called a cytokine storm, which can cause severe COVID-19 symptoms

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.


Face masks could be giving people Covid-19 immunity

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


High Blood Pressure Doubles Coronavirus Death Risk

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

Hypertension has been proven to be more prevalent in patients with an adverse outcome (admission in intensive care unit, use of mechanical ventilation, or death).


Vitamin C helps to kill the virus and reduces the symptoms of infection. It's not a COVID "cure," but nothing is

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention. However, supplementation with vitamins C and D, as well as with zinc and selenium, was highlighted as potentially beneficial for individuals with, or at risk of, respiratory viral infections or for those in whom nutrient deficiency is detected.


There is currently not enough evidence to support the effectiveness of face shields for source control

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Together, this study suggested that medical masks are adequate for use on most social occasions, and both medical masks and N95 masks can be reused for a few days with steam decontamination between use.


Can coronavirus be transmitted over surfaces? Yes.

Question: Are there natural remedies that will prevent me from getting infected with COVID-19?

Nature provides a huge reservoir of anti-infectious compounds, from which we can deduce innovative ideas, therapies, and products.


Currently, the antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 remain poorly understood and the clinical utility of serological testing is unclear

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

When used for prophylaxis or treatment neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Similarly, HCQ prophylaxis/treatment (6.5 mg/kg) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome nor reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. In conclusion, our preclinical animal studies do not support the use of HCQ in prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.


simple cloth face coverings help prevent transmission of COVID-19 by people who have the virus but don't know it

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Together, this study suggested that medical masks are adequate for use on most social occasions, and both medical masks and N95 masks can be reused for a few days with steam decontamination between use.


number of deaths by covid-19 can be reduced if the population wear face masks in public

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

However, low quality evidence suggests that N95 respirators protect HCWs from clinical respiratory infections.


People with mild symptoms of COVID-19 can quickly become seriously ill. Experts say these worsening conditions are usually caused by an overreaction of the immune system after symptoms first appear.

Question: What are some of the more severe symptoms of COVID-19?

The common symptoms were as follows: fever (25%), dry cough (17.3%), chest distress (11.5%), and fatigue (9.6%). There were 33 (63.5%) patients had comorbidities, the most common symptom was hypertension (17, 51.5%). Twenty-six (78.8%) patients developed pneumonia on admission. Lymphocytes (0.6  109/L) decreased in both mild and severe/critical patients.


Namely, winter is coming. On the minds of many restaurant owners is the fact that this month's mild weather is just weeks away from becoming a cold, windy, rainy mess, perhaps heavily impacting outdoor dining - one of the few ways restaurants have been able to (barely) scrape by.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Correcting for that distributed delay and offering conservative estimates, we find a negative relationship between temperatures above 25 degrees Celsius and estimated reproduction number ([R]), with each degree Celsius associated with a 3.1% (95% CI, 1.5% to 4.8%) reduction in [R]. Higher levels of relative humidity strengthen the negative effect of temperature above 25 degrees.


simple cloth face coverings help prevent transmission of COVID-19 by people who have the virus but don't know it

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.


Vitamin Deficiency May Raise Risk of Serious COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

testing positive for COVID-19 was associated with increasing age(RR(age<50)=1.05,p<0.021;RR(age[]50)=1.02,p<0.064)), non-white race(RR=2.54,p<0.01) and being likely vitamin D deficient (deficient/treatment-not-increased:RR=1.77,p<0.02) as compared to likely vitamin D sufficient(not-deficient/treatment-not-decreased), with predicted COVID-19 rates in the vitamin D deficient group of 21.6%(95%CI[14.0%-29.2%] ) versus 12.2%(95%CI[8.9%-15.4%]) in the vitamin D sufficient group.


the lack of Vitamin D make you more susceptible to the Covid-19 coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

a small reverse correlation between mortality rate and vitamin D status was observed throughout the globe (r= -0.177). In Asia, a medium direct correlation was observed for recovery rate (r= 0.317) and a significant reveres correlation for mortality rate (r= -0.700) with vitamin D status in such patients.


Currently, the antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 remain poorly understood and the clinical utility of serological testing is unclear

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

There is no therapeutic FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a combination of anti-viral drugs is directly being practiced in some countries.


The new coronavirus may cause migraine attacks. Headaches in general may be a symptom. Learn more about the new coronavirus, migraine, and COVID-19 symptoms.

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

Antiviral drugs like lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir and remdesivir are also being explored. Cytokine storm and secondary HLH might require heightened immunosuppressive regimens.


reports hypertension may be risk factor for people who get infected with the coronavirus, experts says there's not enough evidence to support that fear.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

hypertension may be an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19. Patients who previously used RAAS inhibitors may have a better prognosis.


The virus that causes COVID-19 appears to spread more efficiently than influenza but not as efficiently as measles, which is among the most contagious viruses known to affect people.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

the centralized social distancing is necessary to minimize the pandemic spreading.


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

Although based on existing evidence, NSAIDs have been effective in treating respiratory infections caused by influenza and rhinovirus, since there is no clinical trial on COVID-19 and case-reports and clinical experiences are indicative of elongation of treatment duration and exacerbation of the clinical course of patients with COVID-19, it is recommended to use substitutes such as acetaminophen for controlling fever and inflammation and be cautious about using NSAIDs in management of COVID-19 patients until there are enough evidence.


there is also growing evidence that smaller particles called aerosols can hang in the air longer and travel farther.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Our findings of extensive viral RNA contamination of surfaces and air across a range of acute healthcare settings in the absence of cultured virus underlines the potential risk from surface and air contamination in managing COVID-19, and the need for effective use of PPE, social distancing, and hand/surface hygiene.


Studies on the use of available vaccines, including BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine), to develop immunity against this virus are also underway. Specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are also being developed in many laboratories across the world.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


people develop abdominal discomfort or nausea when calcium gets too high

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Europe, there were no correlations for both recovery (r= 0.040) and mortality rate (r= -0.035).


Heart damage lingers in COVID-19 patients, even after recovery

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

The cardiovascular system is also affected, with complications including myocardial injury, myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and venous thromboembolic events. Current therapies for COVID-19 may interact with cardiovascular medications.


the lack of Vitamin D make you more susceptible to the Covid-19 coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Europe, there were no correlations for both recovery (r= 0.040) and mortality rate (r= -0.035).


One reason Covid-19 has spread so rapidly is that people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can show no symptoms of disease and yet are still contagious - they don't look or feel sick but still transmit the virus without realizing.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

Young healthy recruits often showed a mild course of COVID-19 with rapid symptom decline but were persistent SARS-CoV-2 carriers. This illustrates how asymptomatic patients may be responsible for covert viral transmission.


wear cloth face coverings in public can stop spreading coronanvirus when social distancing is difficult. This advice is based on evidence that people with COVID-19 can transmit the COVID-19 virus before they realize they have it.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings;


the lack of Vitamin D make you more susceptible to the Covid-19 coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

ecological investigation on 51 countries including 408,748 participants, analyses indicated no correlation between vitamin D levels and recovery rate (r= 0.041) as well as mortality rate (r=-0.073) globally.


Cell that Ab8 is highly effective in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice and hamsters. Its tiny size not only increases its potential for diffusion in tissues to better neutralize the virus, but also makes it possible to administer the drug by alternative routes, including inhalation. Importantly, it does not bind to human cells -- a good sign that it won't have negative side-effects in people.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


Social distancing is crucial for preventing the spread of contagious illnesses such as COVID-19 (coronavirus). COVID-19 can spread through coughing, sneezing and close contact. By minimizing the amount of close contact we have with others, we reduce our chances of catching the virus and spreading it to our loved ones and within our community.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

the centralized social distancing is necessary to minimize the pandemic spreading.


Drinking boiled garlic water will cure COVID-19.

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

Hoaxes (such as eating garlic or citrus to prevent COVID-19) were detected in 15 videos (10.9%).


wearing a face mask do not stopped person-to-person spread of the virus.

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Our results suggest use of face masks by the general public is potentially of high value in curtailing community transmission and the burden of the pandemic. The community-wide benefits are likely to be greatest when face masks are used in conjunction with other non-pharmaceutical practices (such as social-distancing), and when adoption is nearly universal (nation-wide) and compliance is high.


Social distancing is crucial for preventing the spread of contagious illnesses such as COVID-19 (coronavirus). COVID-19 can spread through coughing, sneezing and close contact. By minimizing the amount of close contact we have with others, we reduce our chances of catching the virus and spreading it to our loved ones and within our community.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The government of different countries has adopted various policies to contain this epidemic and the most common were social distancing and lockdown. Our analysis revealed that the measures can slow down the outbreak. We can reduce the epidemic size and prolong the time to arrive at the epidemic peak by seriously following the measures suggested by the authorities.


Traditional medicines involving plant-based formulations have proven successful in boosting immunity and providing tolerance to virus infections.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


Is it safe to take acetaminophen/Tylenol to treat coronavirus symptoms? yes it is.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

When compared to exclusive paracetamol users, no differences were observed in mortality rates or the need for respiratory support among patients using ibuprofen.


in some people with severe COVID-19, the body goes rogue and attacks one of its own key immune defenses instead of the coronavirus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Thus both qualitative and quantitative features of B and T cell immunity to spike constitute informative biomarkers of the protective potential of novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.


Question: what evidence is there for dexamethasone as a treatment for COVID-19?

dexamethasone may be useful for the short-term in severe, intubated, COVID-19 patients, but could be outright dangerous during recovery since the virus will not only persist, but the body will be prevented from generating protective antibodies.


Vitamin C helps to kill the virus and reduces the symptoms of infection. It's not a COVID "cure," but nothing is

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention.


Several recent studies have looked at the impact of vitamin D on COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


High blood pressure is a serious condition for covid-19 patients

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

obesity represents the strongest predictor for Covid-19 followed by diabetes and hypertension in both sexes


all workers wear face coverings to prevent the spread of their respiratory droplets. This is because people can spread SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by coughing, sneezing, or talking-even if they do not feel sick.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

This study 1) illustrates transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); 2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings; and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


Is this right-should everyone be wearing N95 respiratory masks to stay safe from the coronavirus? In a word, no.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

2) addresses controversies surrounding the mask from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask with evidence that the use of mask would effectively interrupt the transmission of infectious diseases in both hospital settings and community settings;


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Although to date it is considered that Covid19 originates from bats (96.2% overall genome sequence identity) (1), the type of intermediate animals that caused the transmission to humans remains unknown (2-4).


a person can also get the coronavirus if they touch a surface or object that has viral particles on it and then touch their mouth, nose, or eyes.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

It was found that 83% and 77% of the bedside surfaces of MRSA-positive and MRSA-negative patients respectively were contaminated with staphylococci at 08:00 hours, and that the staphylococcal concentrations increased by 80% at 1200 h over a 4-hour period with routine ward and clinical activities.


headache was a symptom in some COVID-19 patients.

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

Cough, fever, headache and asthenia were the most prevalent symptoms.


High blood pressure is a serious condition for covid-19 patients

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

hypertension may be an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19. Patients who previously used RAAS inhibitors may have a better prognosis.


budesonide, commonly prescribed in the United States under the name Pulmicort, is a good treatment for COVID-19.

Question: Is dexamethasone effective for treating COVID-19?

There are many therapeutics undergoing clinical trials, but there is no effective vaccine or therapy for treatment thus far.


Here is what you should do to protect yourself from the covid-19 disease. The disease will not affect you. Your body will fight the disease. You should use garlic in your drinking water and in your food, add it while cooking, chew it all the time and use it all the time.

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.


5G networks facilitate the spread of the coronavirus.

Question: Can 5G technology cause COVID-19?

these patterns are not specific to 5G conspiratorial beliefs


smokers were statistically less likely to be admitted for treatment for Covid-19.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis smoking is linked with poor respiratory health, immunosuppression and multiple contaminants. Potential synergism between the two epidemics would represent a major public health convergence. Cigarettes were implicated with disease severity in Wuhan, China.


it is safe for you to defer taking anti-fever like ibuprofen medicines for minor illnesses.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

Concern about the appropriate role of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in COVID-19 speculate that NSAIDs, in particular ibuprofen, may upregulate the entry point for the virus, the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 receptors and increase susceptibility to the virus or worsen symptoms in existing disease.


Hot matcha green tea (with EGCG) can do magic for covid-19

Question: Can drinking hot green tea help in preventing COVID-19?

Lack of specific drug molecules or treatment strategy against this disease makes it more devastating. Thus, there is an urgent need of effective drug molecules to fight against COVID-19.


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

studies show that ibuprofen and naproxen not only have positive effects in controlling cold symptoms, but also do not cause serious side effects in rhinovirus infections.


Coronavirus deaths in people with diabetes Data from NHS England in May showed us that, for those who become so unwell with coronavirus that they need to go to hospital, the risk of dying is higher for people living with diabetes than people without the condition.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

obesity represents the strongest predictor for Covid-19 followed by diabetes and hypertension in both sexes


Low Vitamin D Levels Tied to Odds for Severe COVID

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

a small reverse correlation between mortality rate and vitamin D status was observed throughout the globe (r= -0.177). In Asia, a medium direct correlation was observed for recovery rate (r= 0.317) and a significant reveres correlation for mortality rate (r= -0.700) with vitamin D status in such patients.


The pandemic coronavirus will wane with warmer weather, like some other respiratory

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-17 cases/day with a 1C rise in temperature.


Tests have confirmed that two hand sanitizer formulations recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) inactivate the virus that causes coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

By extrapolating effectiveness of hand sanitizers on viruses of similar structure to SARS-CoV-2, this virus should be effectively inactivated with current hand hygiene products


Despite some of the same symptoms, the similarities between Lyme disease and COVID-19 stop there. The biggest difference, is the site of entry into the body for both illnesses.

Question: Which are the first symptoms of the coronavirus disease?

2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVED-19, previously known as novel coronavirus pneumonia) was first discovered in December 2019 and spread widely in China and all over the world in 2020


Studies on the use of available vaccines, including BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine), to develop immunity against this virus are also underway. Specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are also being developed in many laboratories across the world.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

We show that a high (5106 pfu) and medium (5104 pfu) dose of SARS-CoV-2 induces consistent upper respiratory tract (URT) viral RNA shedding in both groups of six challenged animals, whilst a low dose (5102 pfu) resulted in only one of six displaying signs of URT viral RNA replication.


Question: Do antibiotics work against the coronavirus?

Despite frequent prescription of broad-spectrum empirical antimicrobials in patients with coronavirus associated respiratory infections, there is a paucity of data to support the association with respiratory bacterial/fungal co-infection.


people may acquire SARS-CoV-2 through the air and after touching contaminated objects.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Inefficient human-to-human transmission of zoonotic strains may initially limit the spread of transmission, but an infection may be contracted by touching contaminated surfaces.


Low Vitamin D Levels Tied to Odds for Severe COVID

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


The COVID-19 disease can infect anyone at any age. People with pre-existing health conditions such as asthma, COPD, diabetes and heart disease appear to be more at risk.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

COVID-19 patients with diabetes were more likely to develop severe or critical disease conditions with more complications, and had higher incidence rates of antibiotic therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and death


Cannabis May Reduce Deadly COVID-19 Lung Inflammation

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Likewise, there is some evidence that inhaled corticosteroids could also reduce its severity, opening the possibility that nicotine and inhaled steroids could be used as treatments.


not all masks confer equal levels of protection

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Since droplet transmission is the main route of transmission, wearing a mask serves as a crucial preventive measure.


The virus that causes COVID-19 appears to spread more efficiently than influenza but not as efficiently as measles, which is among the most contagious viruses known to affect people.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Discussion: The combined social distancing measures implemented by the Greek authorities within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus reduced the COVID-19 growth rate.


certain marijuana strains could possibly prevent COVID-19 infection.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Data indicate CVIR demonstrates significant trends across cannabis use intensity quintiles and with relaxed cannabis legislation. Recent cannabis use is independently predictive of CVIR in bivariate and multivariable adjusted models and intensity of use is interactively significant. Cannabis thus joins tobacco as a SARS2-CoV-2 risk factor.


Favipiravir, an antiviral drug used for influenza in Japan, is currently being studied in humans for treating COVID-19 in over 30 clinical trials (as of July 31, 2020). It is not known whether it is safe or helpful for this disease.

Question: Can favipiravir help treat COVID-19?

ONCLUSIONS: Favipiravir demonstrates a favourable safety profile regarding total and serious AEs.


Children are not COVID-19 super spreaders

Question: what are the health outcomes for children who contract COVID-19?

More studies are needed to further understand the presentation and outcomes of children with COVID-19 in children with special needs.


people develop abdominal discomfort or nausea when calcium gets too high

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

The severity of coronavirus 2019 infection (COVID-19) is determined by the presence of pneumonia, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (SARS-CoV-2), myocarditis, microvascular thrombosis and/or cytokine storms, all of which involve underlying inflammation.


Research shows COVID-19 is a multi-organ metabolic disease

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

As the number of infected individuals increases, we are learning that not only lungs, but also other organs can be affected by the virus.


People who are infected but do not show symptoms can also spread the virus to others.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing is associated with a statistically-significant reduction in the doubling rate for all but three states.


all workers wear face coverings to prevent the spread of their respiratory droplets. This is because people can spread SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by coughing, sneezing, or talking-even if they do not feel sick.

Question: Can wearing masks help in preventing the spread of the coronavirus disease?

Wearing medical masks or N95 masks (namely N95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk.


A lot has been written around the novel Coronavirus and how it impacts lungs, but in recent few months, experts have observed a rise in cardiac arrest cases during the pandemic.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

The clinical evidence in our study suggested that myocardial injury is more likely related to systemic consequences rather than direct damage by the 2019 novel coronavirus. The elevation in cardiac markers was probably due to secondary and systemic consequences and can be considered as the warning sign for recent adverse clinical outcomes of the patients


headache was a symptom in some COVID-19 patients.

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

After the emergence of a novel coronavirus named SARSCoV2, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) was initially characterized by fever, sore throat, cough, and dyspnea, mainly manifestations of respiratory system.


We know that patients with cardiovascular diseases are at particular risk of severe COVID-19 infection,

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

This has led to the hypothesis that use of ACEIs and ARBs may increase the risk of developing severe COVID-19.


Studies on the use of available vaccines, including BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine), to develop immunity against this virus are also underway. Specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are also being developed in many laboratories across the world.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


Currently, the antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 remain poorly understood and the clinical utility of serological testing is unclear

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


What are the best antibiotics for the coronavirus? None whatsoever.

Question: Do antibiotics work against the coronavirus?

This activity is conserved on the SARS-Cov-2, thus placing teicoplanin as a potential treatment for patients with this virus.


a person can also get the coronavirus if they touch a surface or object that has viral particles on it and then touch their mouth, nose, or eyes.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Nonfabric surface materials were found to be much more favorable in the indirect contact transmission for RSV and rhinovirus than fabric surface materials.


Can coronavirus be transmitted over surfaces? Yes.

Question: Are there natural remedies that will prevent me from getting infected with COVID-19?

As no vaccine is available for COVID-19, the development of directly acting antiviral agents and preventive strategies have to be considered.


Question: How does the coronavirus differ from seasonal flu?

There are significant differences in the clinical and laboratory courses between COVID-19 and influenza.


SARS-CoV-2, the official name of the virus that causes COVID-19, is spread by respiratory droplets produced when people breathe, talk, sneeze or cough.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases.


Remdesivir and COVID-19:New data suggests the experimental drug can shorten how long people are sick

Question: How can I reduce the risk of getting COVID-19?

SARS-CoV-2, identified in Wuhan, China, for the first time in December 2019, is a new viral strain, which has not been previously identified in humans; it can be transmitted both by air and via direct and indirect contact; however, the most frequent way it spreads is via droplets.


Vitamin Deficiency May Raise Risk of Serious COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Middle East, the recovery rate (r= 0.267) and mortality rate (r= -0.217) showed a medium correlation.


Coronavirus Can Linger in Air for Hours.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


coronavirus can be prevented by having millets in one's diet because it generates heat in the body.

Question: Does heat prevent COVID-19?

Since many coronaviruses are sensitive to heat, heating inactivation of samples at 56C prior to testing is considered a possible method to reduce the risk of transmission, but the effect of heating on the measurement of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies is still unclear.


COVID-19 is shedding new light on how viruses can kick some patient's immune system into overdrive to deadly effect in what is known as a cytokine storm syndrome.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Thus both qualitative and quantitative features of B and T cell immunity to spike constitute informative biomarkers of the protective potential of novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.


Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We present two models for the COVID-19 pandemic predicting the impact of universal face mask wearing upon the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus--one employing a stochastic dynamic network based compartmental SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) approach, and the other employing individual ABM (agent-based modelling) Monte Carlo simulation--indicating (1) significant impact under (near) universal masking when at least 80% of a population is wearing masks, versus minimal impact when only 50% or less of the population is wearing masks, and (2) significant impact when universal masking is adopted early, by Day 50 of a regional outbreak, versus minimal impact when universal masking is adopted late.


studies have shown that a deficiency of the nutrient (vitamin D) is linked to higher risk of severe COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

a small reverse correlation between mortality rate and vitamin D status was observed throughout the globe (r= -0.177). In Asia, a medium direct correlation was observed for recovery rate (r= 0.317) and a significant reveres correlation for mortality rate (r= -0.700) with vitamin D status in such patients.


even wearing non-medical grade masks or face coverings would have a profound effect in limiting coronavirus transmission

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Model simulations, using data relevant to COVID-19 dynamics in the US states of New York and Washington, suggest that broad adoption of even relatively ineffective face masks may meaningfully reduce community transmission of COVID-19 and decrease peak hospitalizations and deaths.


Are hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine safe? Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are generally considered safe when taken for conditions that they have been approved for.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

The available evidence suggests that CQ or HCQ does not improve clinical outcomes in COVID-19.


Coronavirus Can Linger in Air for Hours.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

In the southern cities, the ambient temperature and air pollution have a negative interactive effect on COVID-19 transmission, implying that rising temperature restrains the facilitating effects of air pollution and that they jointly lead to a decrease in new confirmed cases.


Several already approved drugs, including lopinavir (LPV), ritonavir, chloroquine, favipiravir, and remdesivir, an antiviral awaiting approval have been repurposed and their efficacy in fighting COVID-19 is being evaluated

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

When used for prophylaxis or treatment neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Similarly, HCQ prophylaxis/treatment (6.5 mg/kg) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome nor reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. In conclusion, our preclinical animal studies do not support the use of HCQ in prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.


Drugs for high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 worse

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

This has led to the hypothesis that use of ACEIs and ARBs may increase the risk of developing severe COVID-19.


wet weather can kill the new coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28{degrees}C and +14.51{degrees}C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth


First of all, Covid-19 is just one coronavirus of many

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Cannabis thus joins tobacco as a SARS2-CoV-2 risk factor.


The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can spread between people interacting in close proximity - for example, speaking, coughing, sneezing, or singing- even if those people do not symptoms

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Most viruses from the respiratory tract, such as coronaviruses, influenza, SARS-CoV, or rhinovirus, can persist on surfaces for a few days.


simple cloth face coverings help prevent transmission of COVID-19 by people who have the virus but don't know it

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


Vitamin C helps to kill the virus and reduces the symptoms of infection. It's not a COVID "cure," but nothing is

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can spread between people interacting in close proximity - for example, speaking, coughing, sneezing, or singing- even if those people do not symptoms

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Frequent touching of contaminated surfaces in public areas is therefore a potential route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.


The use of ACE inhibitors was associated with an almost 40% lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalization for the older, Medicare Advantage patients - but there was no significant difference in risk for the younger, commercially insured patients.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.


Coronaviruses are a large family of different viruses and have coexisted with humans for a long time. The leap from animals to humans, however, coronavirus is new

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

While this novel coronavirus disease (covid-19) frequently induces mild diseases, it has also generated severe diseases among certain populations, including older-aged individuals with underlying diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes.


Before preparing or eating food it is important to always wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds for general food safety.

Question: Can COVID-19 spread through food?

SARS-COV-2 transmission through food, food packages, and food handlers has not been identified as a risk factor for the disease.


HVAC systems can spread the disease caused by the coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases.


non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Advil and Motrin can make COVID-19 symptoms worse.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

For NSAIDs, there is no clear scientific evidence linking ibuprofen and other NSAIDs to worsening of COVID-19; however, it seems prudent to continue them, if necessary to control pericarditis, and on the other hand, to prefer paracetamol for fever and systemic symptoms related to COVID-19.


Blood Pressure Meds Could Improve Survival in COVID-19

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

among patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19, ACEI/ARB use was not associated with increased risk of hospital admission.


Consuming alcohol stimulates the immune system

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

The lockdown declared to prevent the spread of Covid 19 in India created unforeseen problems, including severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms and the need to manage them.


A central player in the fight against the novel coronavirus is our immune system.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Distinguishing pre-existing and de novo antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 will be critical for serology, seroprevalence and vaccine studies, as well as for our understanding of susceptibility to and natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.


COVID-19 appears to be more contagious and to spread more quickly than the flu.

Question: How does the coronavirus differ from seasonal flu?

There are significant differences in the clinical and laboratory courses between COVID-19 and influenza.


Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This provides evidences strongly supporting scientific hypotheses that bats and pangolins are probable hosts for the COVID-19 virus. At the whole genome analysis level, our findings also indicate that bats are more likely the hosts for the COVID-19 virus than pangolins.


Does vaping increase your risk of getting COVID-19? Doctors weigh in

Question: Does having a weakened immune system increase your risk of illness from COVID-19?

studies suggest that the resultant disease (COVID-19) is more severe in individuals with a weakened immune system.


Animals don't appear to play a significant role in spreading the virus that causes COVID-19.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Although a few pets presented many clinical signs indicative for a coronavirus infection, no animal tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and no antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were detectable in their blood using an immunoprecipitation assay.


VITAMIN D LEVELS MAY IMPACT COVID-19 MORTALITY RATES

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Europe, there were no correlations for both recovery (r= 0.040) and mortality rate (r= -0.035).


Question: Can drinking hot green tea help in preventing COVID-19?

COVID-19 is usually caused a virus to which most probably the people with low immunity response are being affected. Plant-based foods increased the intestinal beneficial bacteria which are helpful and make up of 85% of the immune system.


Research shows COVID-19 is a multi-organ metabolic disease

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

Since viral transmission occurs through the droplets emitted during coughing or sneezing, the lungs are primarily affected. However, SARS-CoV-2 can affect several human organs due to high expressions of ACE2 receptor which is the main viral target and the virus may affect not only higher and lower respiratory tracts, but also heart, kidney, gastro enteric tract, liver, pancreas, nervous system and skin.


The science is clear: Face masks can prevent coronavirus transmission and save lives.

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Ma's research shows N95 masks, medical masks, even homemade masks could block at least 90% of the virus in aerosols


Before preparing or eating food it is important to always wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds for general food safety.

Question: Can COVID-19 spread through food?

Also, SARS-COV-2 transmission through food, food packages, and food handlers has not been identified as a risk factor for the disease.


individuals with hypertension get more serious cases of COVID-19

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

Hypertension appeared consistently as the most prevalent risk factors in COVID-19 patients.


There's an evidence that pets are playing a role in spreading COVID-19

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Cellular angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 which is identical or similar in different species of animals such as pigs, ferrets, cats, orangutans, monkeys, and humans. Moreover, a recent study predicted that dog might be secondary host during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 from bat to human. Therefore, there is a possibility of spreading SARS-CoV-2 through domestic pets.


Another candidate vaccine, called CoronaVac , being developed by Beijing-based Sinovac Biotech, protected rhesus macaque monkeys from infection with the novel coronavirus,

Question: What vaccine candidates are being tested for Covid-19?

Our findings may contribute to the design of an efficacious vaccine against COVID-19.


The COVID-19 virus can be spread through mosquito bites

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Anosmia and ageusia have recently been hinted as significant early symptoms in COVID-19.


around 40% of people who contract SARS-CoV-2 most likely remain symptom-free.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The median communicable period, defined as the interval from the first day of positive nucleic acid tests to the first day of continuous negative tests, was 9.5 days (up to 21 days among the 24 asymptomatic cases). Through epidemiological investigation, we observed a typical asymptomatic transmission to the cohabiting family members


Can dogs and cats get coronavirus ? the short answer is YES

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

We found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates poorly in dogs, pigs, chickens, and ducks, but ferrets and cats are permissive to infection.


Duo of antiviral drugs strongly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in the lab

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

At this point, the data here presented on hydroxychloroquine either alone or combined with azithromycin (together with previously reported in vivo data in macaques and ferrets) provide no scientific basis for further use of the drug in humans.


The new coronavirus can infect organs throughout the body, including lungs, throat, heart, liver, brain, kidneys and the intestines

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

Since viral transmission occurs through the droplets emitted during coughing or sneezing, the lungs are primarily affected. However, SARS-CoV-2 can affect several human organs due to high expressions of ACE2 receptor which is the main viral target and the virus may affect not only higher and lower respiratory tracts, but also heart, kidney, gastro enteric tract, liver, pancreas, nervous system and skin.


Favipiravir, an antiviral drug used for influenza in Japan, is currently being studied in humans for treating COVID-19 in over 30 clinical trials (as of July 31, 2020). It is not known whether it is safe or helpful for this disease.

Question: Can favipiravir help treat COVID-19?

Presently, data on the effectiveness and optimal dosage of favipiravir for treating COVID-19 is limited.


Since patients treated with ACEIs and ARBS will have increased numbers of ACE2 receptors in their lungs for coronavirus S proteins to bind to, they may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2infections

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.


One reason Covid-19 has spread so rapidly is that people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can show no symptoms of disease and yet are still contagious - they don't look or feel sick but still transmit the virus without realizing.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The evidence confirms COVID-19 transmission from people who were asymptomatic at the time.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

We identified a total of 17 patients who received IV vitamin C for COVID-19. The inpatient mortality rate in this series was 12% with 17.6% rates of intubation and mechanical ventilation. We noted a significant decrease in inflammatory markers, including ferritin and D-dimer, and a trend to decreasing FiO2 requirements, after vitamin C administration.


Still, supplementation like vitamin d is not a bad idea to fight covid-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Several already approved drugs, including lopinavir (LPV), ritonavir, chloroquine, favipiravir, and remdesivir, an antiviral awaiting approval have been repurposed and their efficacy in fighting COVID-19 is being evaluated

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

There is no therapeutic FDA-approved drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection, although a combination of anti-viral drugs is directly being practiced in some countries.


Yes, the novel coronavirus can survive on surfaces. No, it doesn't seem to matter.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Human Coronavirus 229E Remains Infectious on Common Touch Surface Materials


elderly or people with underlying medical conditions are in high risk with covid-19

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Our models predict these strict social distancing measures caused a 79% and 61% reduction in the daily cases of COVID-19 across Australia and New Zealand respectively.


non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Advil and Motrin can make COVID-19 symptoms worse.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

It was recently suggested that ibuprofen might increase the risk for severe and fatal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and should therefore be avoided in this patient population.


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Recent research results suggest that bats or pangolins might be the original hosts for the virus based on comparative studies using its genomic sequences.


Question: Do antibiotics work against the coronavirus?

Teicoplanin, an antibiotic used to treat staphylococci infection, previously showed efficacy to inhibit the first stage of MERS-coronarivus viral cycle in human cells.


Samples from the lungs of patients show a runaway immune system reaction could be one mechanism behind severe COVID-19 cases.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


people can spread coronavirus even if they don't have symptoms (called asymptomatic) or before they have symptoms (called presymptomatic).

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


Remdesivir has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for any use, and its safety and efficacy have not been established.

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

Several drugs such as chloroquine, arbidol, remdesivir, and favipiravir are currently undergoing clinical studies to test their efficacy and safety in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China; some promising results have been achieved thus far.


individuals with hypertension get more serious cases of COVID-19

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

hypertension may be an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19. Patients who previously used RAAS inhibitors may have a better prognosis.


only 6% of deaths have COVID-19 as the only cause mentioned, revealing that 94% of patients who died from coronavirus also had other health conditions and contributing causes.

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Respiratory failure has been cited as the major cause of death


A central player in the fight against the novel coronavirus is our immune system.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.


vitamin C can prevent or treat COVID-19 (coronavirus)

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

CONCLUSION The use of IV vitamin C in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease may be feasible.


Question: Can children get COVID-19?

We wish to remind readers that children and adolescents can have COVID-19 disease and that the disease may be extra-pulmonary.


There is currently not enough evidence to support the effectiveness of face shields for source control

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Wearing medical masks or N95 masks (namely N95 respirators) can slow the virus spread and reduce the infection risk.


The analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

The results obtained from various AI-enabled experiments using clustering algorithms demonstrate that all examined COVID-19 virus genomes belong to a cluster that also contains bat and pangolin coronavirus genomes.


Can my pet spread the coronavirus? Yes it can

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne routes.


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

Currently, it is not possible to discuss the efficacy and safety of a drug in the treatment of COVID-19, as most studies have just begun.


budesonide, commonly prescribed in the United States under the name Pulmicort, is a good treatment for COVID-19.

Question: Is dexamethasone effective for treating COVID-19?

Hence, dexamethasone may be useful for the short-term in severe, intubated, COVID-19 patients, but could be outright dangerous during recovery since the virus will not only persist, but the body will be prevented from generating protective antibodies.


Cell that Ab8 is highly effective in preventing and treating SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice and hamsters. Its tiny size not only increases its potential for diffusion in tissues to better neutralize the virus, but also makes it possible to administer the drug by alternative routes, including inhalation. Importantly, it does not bind to human cells -- a good sign that it won't have negative side-effects in people.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

When used for prophylaxis or treatment neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Similarly, HCQ prophylaxis/treatment (6.5 mg/kg) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome nor reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. In conclusion, our preclinical animal studies do not support the use of HCQ in prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.


Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Although to date it is considered that Covid19 originates from bats (96.2% overall genome sequence identity) (1), the type of intermediate animals that caused the transmission to humans remains unknown (2-4).


there's actually elevated transmission during the winter months from COVID.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases.


If you do get COVID-19, the infection could put you at greater risk for diabetes complications like diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA happens when high levels of acids called ketones build up in your blood. It can be very serious.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Our data support the notion that diabetes should be considered as a risk factor for a rapid progression and bad prognosis of COVID-19.


Remdesivir has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for any use, and its safety and efficacy have not been established.

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

Currently, there are no proven effective vaccines or therapeutic agents against the virus.


By curbing inflammation, the drug could help people whose immune systems have become overactive through a process called a cytokine storm, which can cause severe COVID-19 symptoms

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

we discovered evidence that SARS-CoV-2, along with related coronaviruses, used mutations to evade attack from the human immune system. Overall, we present an immunological resource for SARS-CoV-2 that could promote both therapeutic development and mechanistic research.


ibuprofen may not be effective for COVID-19

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

studies show that ibuprofen and naproxen not only have positive effects in controlling cold symptoms, but also do not cause serious side effects in rhinovirus infections.


A central player in the fight against the novel coronavirus is our immune system.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


Is this right-should everyone be wearing N95 respiratory masks to stay safe from the coronavirus? In a word, no.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Surgical face masks significantly reduced detection of influenza virus RNA in respiratory droplets and coronavirus RNA in aerosols, with a trend toward reduced detection of coronavirus RNA in respiratory droplets.


Ideal weather conditions may have helped coronavirus thrive

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

These results provide evidence for the relationship between several weather variables and the spread of COVID-19. However, the (conservatively) estimated relationships are not strong enough to seasonally control the epidemic in most locations.


vitamin C can prevent or treat COVID-19 (coronavirus)

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Thirty-one percent of the guidelines highlighted the importance of minerals and vitamins such as zinc and vitamins C, A, and D to maintain a well-functioning immune system.


Cannabis May Reduce Deadly COVID-19 Lung Inflammation

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Epidemiological and laboratory research seems to suggest that smoking and perhaps nicotine alone could reduce the severity of COVID-19.


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This provides evidences strongly supporting scientific hypotheses that bats and pangolins are probable hosts for the COVID-19 virus. At the whole genome analysis level, our findings also indicate that bats are more likely the hosts for the COVID-19 virus than pangolins.


wear cloth face coverings in public can stop spreading coronanvirus when social distancing is difficult. This advice is based on evidence that people with COVID-19 can transmit the COVID-19 virus before they realize they have it.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Surgical face masks significantly reduced detection of influenza virus RNA in respiratory droplets and coronavirus RNA in aerosols, with a trend toward reduced detection of coronavirus RNA in respiratory droplets.


Blood pressure drugs linked to lower Covid-19 mortality

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

obesity represents the strongest predictor for Covid-19 followed by diabetes and hypertension in both sexes


Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We make 3 key observations: 1. Masks, even with suboptimal efficacy in both prevention of acquisition and transmission of infection, could substantially decrease the reproduction number for COVID-19 if widely used. 2. Widespread masking may be sufficient to suppress epidemics where R has been brought close to 1 via other measures (e.g., distancing). 3. Assortment within populations (the tendency for interactions between masked individuals to be more likely than interactions between masked and unmasked individuals) would rapidly erode the impact of masks.


Still, supplementation like vitamin d is not a bad idea to fight covid-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

testing positive for COVID-19 was associated with increasing age(RR(age<50)=1.05,p<0.021;RR(age[]50)=1.02,p<0.064)), non-white race(RR=2.54,p<0.01) and being likely vitamin D deficient (deficient/treatment-not-increased:RR=1.77,p<0.02) as compared to likely vitamin D sufficient(not-deficient/treatment-not-decreased), with predicted COVID-19 rates in the vitamin D deficient group of 21.6%(95%CI[14.0%-29.2%] ) versus 12.2%(95%CI[8.9%-15.4%]) in the vitamin D sufficient group.


Understanding these immune changes may help in finding treatments that work for older COVID-19 patients, but, it may also help younger people who may have some of the same problems without knowing it.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


fear and anxiety about a new disease and what could happen can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Our models predict these strict social distancing measures caused a 79% and 61% reduction in the daily cases of COVID-19 across Australia and New Zealand respectively.


Duo of antiviral drugs strongly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in the lab

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

We show that a high (5106 pfu) and medium (5104 pfu) dose of SARS-CoV-2 induces consistent upper respiratory tract (URT) viral RNA shedding in both groups of six challenged animals, whilst a low dose (5102 pfu) resulted in only one of six displaying signs of URT viral RNA replication.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Although COVID-19 can be rapidly diagnosed, efficient clinical treatment of COVID-19 remains unavailable, resulting in high fatality.


While there is no evidence that infected animals can spread COVID-19 to humans, some pet owners might be concerned, understandably so, that their pet could become infected with COVID-19 and fall ill.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19 to people?

Although animal-to-animal transmission has been shown to be possible, there is no evidence of animal-to-human transmission.


0% Isopropyl Alcohol Is a Better Disinfectant Than 99% Isopropyl Alcohol When It Comes to COVID-19

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

Efficient SARS-CoV-2 inactivation was demonstrated for all tested alcohol-based disinfectants. These findings show the successful inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 for the first time and provide confidence in its use for the control of COVID-19.


Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

The cardiovascular system is also affected, with complications including myocardial injury, myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and venous thromboembolic events. Current therapies for COVID-19 may interact with cardiovascular medications.


Several already approved drugs, including lopinavir (LPV), ritonavir, chloroquine, favipiravir, and remdesivir, an antiviral awaiting approval have been repurposed and their efficacy in fighting COVID-19 is being evaluated

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

When used for prophylaxis or treatment neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Similarly, HCQ prophylaxis/treatment (6.5 mg/kg) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome nor reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. In conclusion, our preclinical animal studies do not support the use of HCQ in prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.


Several already approved drugs, including lopinavir (LPV), ritonavir, chloroquine, favipiravir, and remdesivir, an antiviral awaiting approval have been repurposed and their efficacy in fighting COVID-19 is being evaluated

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


Severe coronavirus cases may start with body aches

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

Clinical symptoms included fever (100%), cough (69.6%), expectoration (43.5%), myalgia (26.1%), headache (17.4%) and dyspnea (17.4%), and the less common symptom was diarrhea (4.3%).


Transmission risk decreases with fewer people, so try to go at less busy times.

Question: How can I reduce the risk of getting COVID-19?

SARS-CoV-2, identified in Wuhan, China, for the first time in December 2019, is a new viral strain, which has not been previously identified in humans; it can be transmitted both by air and via direct and indirect contact; however, the most frequent way it spreads is via droplets.


Drugs for high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 worse

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

The present study has found that the use of ACE inh/ARBs therapy might be associated with an increased in-hospital mortality in patients who were diagnosed with Covid-19 pneumonia.


COVID-19 disease, caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, is related to a series of physiopathological mechanisms that mobilize a wide variety of biomolecules, mainly immunological in nature.

Question: what is a cytokine storm and how is it related to COVID-19?

The potential risk of cytokine storm in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has been described


Vitamin D may improve odds of survival from COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Vitamin D deficiency that is not sufficiently treated is associated with COVID-19 risk.


CT changes consistent with COVID-19 pneumonia can be observed in asymptomatic patients, as well as mild damage to the immune system.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.


New evidence suggests the coronavirus has lasting impacts on the heart, raising alarm for cardiologists who have been concerned about potential long-term heart injury from COVID-19.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

consistent reports of cardiac injury and de novo cardiac complications, including possible myocarditis, arrhythmia, and heart failure in patients without prior cardiovascular disease or significant risk factors, are emerging


Samples from the lungs of patients show a runaway immune system reaction could be one mechanism behind severe COVID-19 cases.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


Other viral respiratory diseases, such as influenza, are seasonal in that cases decrease in the spring and summer. But unlike the flu, no one knows what to expect from COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Preliminary observations from our team and others suggest that temperature and climatological factors could influence the spread of this novel coronavirus


Long-term health conditions and aging weaken your immune system

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


Coronavirus deaths in people with diabetes Data from NHS England in May showed us that, for those who become so unwell with coronavirus that they need to go to hospital, the risk of dying is higher for people living with diabetes than people without the condition.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

the association between DM and COVID-19-induced severe complications is still unclear


Although cardiovascular diseases in combination with COVID-19 portend increased risk of severity and mortality, the use of [ACE inhibitors and ARBs] is not the likely culprit.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers are not associated with severe COVID-19 infection in a multi-site UK acute hospital trust


not all masks confer equal levels of protection

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

the American College of Physicians (ACP) provides recommendations based on the best available evidence through 14 April 2020 on the effectiveness of N95 respirators, surgical masks, and cloth masks in reducing transmission of infection.


Drugs for high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 worse

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Our results strongly support the recommendation that ACEI and ARB should be continued in the population and in COVID-19 positive patients, reinforcing the position of several scientific societies.


Social distancing is crucial for preventing the spread of contagious illnesses such as COVID-19 (coronavirus). COVID-19 can spread through coughing, sneezing and close contact. By minimizing the amount of close contact we have with others, we reduce our chances of catching the virus and spreading it to our loved ones and within our community.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Discussion: The combined social distancing measures implemented by the Greek authorities within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus reduced the COVID-19 growth rate.


'Social distancing' could help stop coronavirus spread

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The government of different countries has adopted various policies to contain this epidemic and the most common were social distancing and lockdown. Our analysis revealed that the measures can slow down the outbreak. We can reduce the epidemic size and prolong the time to arrive at the epidemic peak by seriously following the measures suggested by the authorities.


Tests have confirmed that two hand sanitizer formulations recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) inactivate the virus that causes coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19).

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

When hand washing with soap and water is unavailable, a sufficient volume of sanitizer is necessary to ensure complete hand coverage, and compliance is critical for appropriate hand hygiene.


The coronavirus can live on a surgical mask for 7 days, cloth for 2 days, and paper for 3 hours.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The most common coronaviruses may well survive or persist on surfaces for up to one month.


Scientific data shows dogs can become infected, but do not seem to show symptoms and it is not thought they spread the COVID-19 virus effectively.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Humans showing clinical symptoms of respiratory infections have been undergoing for COVID-19 diagnostic test but many infected people and few pets confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 remained asymptomatic.


smokers were statistically less likely to be admitted for treatment for Covid-19.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

At this time there is no clear evidence that smoking is protective against COVID-19, so the established recommendations to avoid smoking should be emphasized.


High doses of Vitamin C effectively treat coronavirus.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Although COVID-19 can be rapidly diagnosed, efficient clinical treatment of COVID-19 remains unavailable, resulting in high fatality.


There is currently not enough evidence to support the effectiveness of face shields for source control

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

In this study, we demonstrated, using avian coronavirus of infectious bronchitis virus to mimic SARSCoV2, that medical masks and N95 masks remained their blocking efficacy after being steamed on boiling water even for 2 hours.


wet weather can kill the new coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

meteorological conditions and air pollution, as concurring factors, impact COVID-19 transmission, using data on new confirmed cases from 219 prefecture cities from January 24 to February 29, 2020. Results revealed a kind of nonlinear dose-response relationship between temperature and coronavirus transmission


The populations at highest risk of severe cases of COVID-19 (the elderly and those with underlying health conditions) and the timing of the outbreak (end of winter in the Northern Hemisphere when population Vitamin D levels are typically lowest) are consistent with deficient Vitamin D status being a risk factor for COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


Blood pressure drugs linked to lower Covid-19 mortality

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

Hypertension was associated with increased composite poor outcome, including mortality, severe COVID-19, ARDS, need for ICU care and disease progression in patients with COVID-19.


if you do not have covid-19 symptoms, you can not spread the virus

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The median communicable period, defined as the interval from the first day of positive nucleic acid tests to the first day of continuous negative tests, was 9.5 days (up to 21 days among the 24 asymptomatic cases). Through epidemiological investigation, we observed a typical asymptomatic transmission to the cohabiting family members


Since patients treated with ACEIs and ARBS will have increased numbers of ACE2 receptors in their lungs for coronavirus S proteins to bind to, they may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2infections

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

The present study has found that the use of ACE inh/ARBs therapy might be associated with an increased in-hospital mortality in patients who were diagnosed with Covid-19 pneumonia.


In covid-19 patients especially old people, those who had sufficient levels of vitamin D were more than 51% less likely to die than patients who were deficient.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

ecological investigation on 51 countries including 408,748 participants, analyses indicated no correlation between vitamin D levels and recovery rate (r= 0.041) as well as mortality rate (r=-0.073) globally.


even wearing non-medical grade masks or face coverings would have a profound effect in limiting coronavirus transmission

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV2 is a rapidly spreading global pandemic. Although precise transmission routes and dynamics are unknown, SARS-CoV2 is thought primarily to spread via contagious respiratory droplets.


wearing a face mask do not stopped person-to-person spread of the virus.

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We recommend immediate mask wearing recommendations, official guidelines for correct use, and awareness campaigns to shift masking mindsets away from pure self-protection, towards aspirational goals of responsibly protecting one's community.