there is also growing evidence that smaller particles called aerosols can hang in the air longer and travel farther.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

In this new study, human coronavirus 229E was rapidly inactivated on a range of copper alloys (within a few minutes for simulated fingertip contamination) and Cu/Zn brasses were very effective at lower copper concentration.


Question: Can children get COVID-19?

More than 3 lung segments involved were associated with greater risk of development of severe COVID-19 in children. Moreover, the possible risk of the elevation of IL-6, high total bilirubin and D-dimer with univariable analysis could identify patients to be severe earlier.


The science is clear: Face masks can prevent coronavirus transmission and save lives.

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

the American College of Physicians (ACP) provides recommendations based on the best available evidence through 14 April 2020 on the effectiveness of N95 respirators, surgical masks, and cloth masks in reducing transmission of infection.


Does vaping increase your risk of getting COVID-19? Doctors weigh in

Question: Does having a weakened immune system increase your risk of illness from COVID-19?

Studies demonstrate that COVID-19 is an immune condition which is marked by reduced lymphocytes and elevated selected proinflammatory cytokines. Similar immune expression has been demonstrated in pregnancy by several studies.


There's an evidence that pets are playing a role in spreading COVID-19

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is currently no indication that feline- or canine-to-human transmission can occur, though there is rising evidence of the reverse.


Everyone who get the coronavirus will die: No.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention.


By curbing inflammation, the drug could help people whose immune systems have become overactive through a process called a cytokine storm, which can cause severe COVID-19 symptoms

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


Is this right-should everyone be wearing N95 respiratory masks to stay safe from the coronavirus? In a word, no.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

In this study, we demonstrated, using avian coronavirus of infectious bronchitis virus to mimic SARSCoV2, that medical masks and N95 masks remained their blocking efficacy after being steamed on boiling water even for 2 hours.


Long-term health conditions and aging weaken your immune system

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

we discovered evidence that SARS-CoV-2, along with related coronaviruses, used mutations to evade attack from the human immune system. Overall, we present an immunological resource for SARS-CoV-2 that could promote both therapeutic development and mechanistic research.


Vitamin C infusion can help improve the prognosis of patients with SARI.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

We identified a total of 17 patients who received IV vitamin C for COVID-19. The inpatient mortality rate in this series was 12% with 17.6% rates of intubation and mechanical ventilation. We noted a significant decrease in inflammatory markers, including ferritin and D-dimer, and a trend to decreasing FiO2 requirements, after vitamin C administration.


Yes, the novel coronavirus can survive on surfaces. No, it doesn't seem to matter.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The most common coronaviruses may well survive or persist on surfaces for up to one month.


Other viral respiratory diseases, such as influenza, are seasonal in that cases decrease in the spring and summer. But unlike the flu, no one knows what to expect from COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


Social distancing is crucial for preventing the spread of contagious illnesses such as COVID-19 (coronavirus). COVID-19 can spread through coughing, sneezing and close contact. By minimizing the amount of close contact we have with others, we reduce our chances of catching the virus and spreading it to our loved ones and within our community.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing and have seen slowing the spread of COVID-19.


If you have any of the main symptoms of coronavirus (COVID-19), get a test as soon as possible.

Question: what are the early symptoms of COVID-19?

Acute abdomen as an early symptom of COVID-19.


5G networks facilitate the spread of the coronavirus.

Question: Can 5G technology cause COVID-19?

Findings revealed that belief in 5G COVID-19 conspiracy theories was positively correlated with state anger, which in turn, was associated with a greater justification of real-life and hypothetical violence in response to an alleged link between 5G mobile technology and COVID-19, alongside a greater intent to engage in similar behaviours in the future.


do surgical masks actually prevent the spread of COVID-19? No, absolutely not.

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Our simple model shows that modest efficacy of masks could avert substantial mortality in this scenario. Importantly, the effects on mortality became hyper-sensitive to mask-wearing as the effective R approaches 1, i.e. near the tipping point of when the infection trajectory is expected to revert to exponential growth, as would be expected after effective lockdown. Our model suggests that mask-wearing might exert maximal benefit as nations plan their post-lockdown strategies and suggests that mask-wearing should be included in further more sophisticated models of the current pandemic.


coronavirus can be prevented by having millets in one's diet because it generates heat in the body.

Question: Does heat prevent COVID-19?

Our results indicate that heat inactivation of serum at 56C for 30 minutes interferes with the immunoanalysis of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Heat inactivation prior to immunoanalysis is not recommended, and the possibility of false-negative results should be considered if the sample was pre-inactivated by heating.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


Understanding these immune changes may help in finding treatments that work for older COVID-19 patients, but, it may also help younger people who may have some of the same problems without knowing it.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Distinguishing pre-existing and de novo antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 will be critical for serology, seroprevalence and vaccine studies, as well as for our understanding of susceptibility to and natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.


A lot has been written around the novel Coronavirus and how it impacts lungs, but in recent few months, experts have observed a rise in cardiac arrest cases during the pandemic.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

Myocardial injury is significantly associated with fatal outcome of COVID-19, while the prognosis of patients with underlying CVD but without myocardial injury is relatively favorable. Myocardial injury is associated with cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias. Inflammation may be a potential mechanism for myocardial injury.


Can dogs and cats get coronavirus ? the short answer is YES

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

These are the first reported companion animals (including pets and service animals) with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the United States, and among the first findings of SARS-CoV-2 symptomatic companion animals reported worldwide.


Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

In the southern cities, the ambient temperature and air pollution have a negative interactive effect on COVID-19 transmission, implying that rising temperature restrains the facilitating effects of air pollution and that they jointly lead to a decrease in new confirmed cases.


'Social distancing' could help stop coronavirus spread

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The decentralized strategy is insufficient when used alone, but offers the best results when combined with the centralized one. Indeed, the (C+D) is the most efficient isolation strategy at mitigating the network superspreaders and reducing the highest node degrees to less than 10% of their initial values.


there's actually elevated transmission during the winter months from COVID.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

These results provide evidence for the relationship between several weather variables and the spread of COVID-19. However, the (conservatively) estimated relationships are not strong enough to seasonally control the epidemic in most locations.


Scientific data has shown that cats can be infected with SARS-CoV-2 and can spread it to other cats.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Notification of presumptive positive animal test results triggered a One Health* investigation by state and federal partners, who determined that no further transmission events to other animals or persons had occurred.


The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can spread between people interacting in close proximity - for example, speaking, coughing, sneezing, or singing- even if those people do not symptoms

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

the tested bacteria favor lower temperatures for their survival in dry environments


The new coronavirus can infect organs throughout the body, including lungs, throat, heart, liver, brain, kidneys and the intestines

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

Herein, we thoroughly reviewed multiple organs including lung, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, skin, heart, blood, spleen, lymph nodes, brain, blood vessels, and placenta in terms of COVID-19-related pathological alterations.


Drugs for high blood pressure appear to make COVID-19 worse

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

among patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19, ACEI/ARB use was not associated with increased risk of hospital admission.


The brain is another complicated organ that may be affected by the virus. People with COVID-19 have had strokes and seizures.

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

Since viral transmission occurs through the droplets emitted during coughing or sneezing, the lungs are primarily affected.


The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can spread between people interacting in close proximity - for example, speaking, coughing, sneezing, or singing- even if those people do not symptoms

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Susceptible persons who contacted these contaminated surfaces may transfer the pathogens to their mucous membranes via hands, leading to a risk of respiratory infection.


Everyone who get the coronavirus will die: No.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

The majority of documents encouraged the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods. Thirty-one percent of the guidelines highlighted the importance of minerals and vitamins such as zinc and vitamins C, A, and D to maintain a well-functioning immune system.


Low Vitamin D Levels Tied to Odds for Severe COVID

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Europe, there were no correlations for both recovery (r= 0.040) and mortality rate (r= -0.035).


Is it safe to take acetaminophen/Tylenol to treat coronavirus symptoms? yes it is.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

When compared with exclusive paracetamol users, no differences were observed in mortality rates or the need for respiratory support among patients using ibuprofen.


non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Advil and Motrin can make COVID-19 symptoms worse.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

However, available data from limited studies show administration of recombinant ACE2 improves lung damage caused by respiratory viruses, suggesting ibuprofen use may be beneficial in COVID-19 disease.


Is this right-should everyone be wearing N95 respiratory masks to stay safe from the coronavirus? In a word, no.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

It would therefore be reasonable to suggest that consistent widespread use of face masks in the community could prevent further spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


First of all, Covid-19 is just one coronavirus of many

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Male, older than 65, and smoking were risk factors for disease progression in patients with COVID-19 (male: OR=1.76, 95% CI (1.41, 2.18), P < 0.00001;


Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special treatment

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

The COVID19, which appeared to originate in China in December 2019, has spread worldwide pandemically.


Currently, the antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 remain poorly understood and the clinical utility of serological testing is unclear

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


Remdesivir has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for any use, and its safety and efficacy have not been established.

Question: Are there any antiviral drugs to treat the coronavirus disease?

Scientists are endeavoring to find antivirals specific to the virus.


Several recent studies have looked at the impact of vitamin D on COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Vitamin D appears increase COVID-19 mortality rates

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


The new coronavirus may cause migraine attacks. Headaches in general may be a symptom. Learn more about the new coronavirus, migraine, and COVID-19 symptoms.

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

In addition, it was found that clarithromycin, naproxen and oseltamivir combination leads to decrease in mortality rate and duration of hospitalisation in patients with pneumonia caused by influenza.


Severe coronavirus cases may start with body aches

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

The aim of this manuscript is to investigate transversally Ear Nose Throat (ENT) symptoms COVID-19 infection correlated and to study the neurotropism and neuroinvasiveness of the virus in the head-neck district through the investigation of the sense of smell, taste, tearing, salivation and hearing.


I think it is not really far from the truth to say that you can use extracts of ginger, garlic and many other medicinal plants to take care of the associated symptoms of viral infections, including COVID-19.

Question: Does garlic protect against covid-19

In conclusion, Allium sativum may be an acceptable preventive measure against COVID-19 infection to boost immune system cells and to repress the production and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an adipose tissue derived hormone leptin having the proinflammatory nature.


people develop abdominal discomfort or nausea when calcium gets too high

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Can coronavirus be transmitted over surfaces? Yes.

Question: Are there natural remedies that will prevent me from getting infected with COVID-19?

Intensified research and development, and therefore funding, are needed for exploiting nature's reservoir against viral infections.


Do you need hand sanitizer to effectively fight COVID-19? Per the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the most effective way of fighting coronavirus is using soap and water to wash your hands

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

There is currently no vaccine for COVID-19, leaving governments and public health agencies with little defense against the virus aside from advising or enforcing best practices for virus transmission prevention, which include hand-washing, physical distancing, use of face covers, and use of effective disinfectants.


the lack of Vitamin D make you more susceptible to the Covid-19 coronavirus

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


Yes, the novel coronavirus can survive on surfaces. No, it doesn't seem to matter.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is transmitted by person-to-person contact, via airborne droplets, or through contact with contaminated surfaces.


By curbing inflammation, the drug could help people whose immune systems have become overactive through a process called a cytokine storm, which can cause severe COVID-19 symptoms

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

In this study, we collected blood from COVID-19 patients who have recently become virus-free and therefore were discharged, and analyzed their SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T cell responses. We observed SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in the patients. Both were detected in newly discharged patients, suggesting both participate in immune-mediated protection to viral infection.


Our study shows that camostat mesylate blocks infection of cells with SARS-CoV-2-like particles and with authentic, patient-derived SARS-CoV-2.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


VITAMIN D LEVELS increase COVID-19 MORTALITY RATES

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A principal defence against uncontrolled inflammation, and against viral infection in general, is provided by T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs). Treg levels have been reported to be low in many COVID-19 patients and can be increased by vitamin D supplementation. Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and a significantly increased risk of pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes, which are frequently observed in COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to occur more frequently in patients with obesity and diabetes. These conditions are reported to carry a higher mortality in COVID-19. If vitamin D does in fact reduce the severity of COVID-19 in regard to pneumonia/ARDS, inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and thrombosis, it is our opinion that supplements would offer a relatively easy option to decrease the impact of the pandemic.


not all masks confer equal levels of protection

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

However, wearing N95 respirators can prevent 73 more (95% CI 46-91) clinical respiratory infections per 1000 HCWs compared to surgical masks (2 RCTs; 2594 patients; low quality of evidence).


Vitamin D may improve odds of survival from COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

ecological investigation on 51 countries including 408,748 participants, analyses indicated no correlation between vitamin D levels and recovery rate (r= 0.041) as well as mortality rate (r=-0.073) globally.


The first known cases of COVID-19 were in Wuhan, China

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This paper investigates the COVID-19 virus origin by using artificial intelligence (AI) and raw genomic sequences of the virus.


There is currently not enough evidence to support the effectiveness of face shields for source control

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


only people with symptoms can spread the the new coronavirus

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

APs with COVID-19 still have certain period of viral shedding, which suggests the possibility of transmission during their asymptomatic period.


ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers are not associated with severe COVID-19 infection in a multi-site UK acute hospital trust


Early symptoms for covid-19: include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. These appear as soon as 2 days, or as long as 14 days, after exposure to the virus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Advil and Motrin can make COVID-19 symptoms worse.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

Ibuprofen is an over-the-counter medication that is used widely for the treatment of pain and fever during COVID-19 pandemic.


COVID-19 rarely spreads between people and animals

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The government of different countries has adopted various policies to contain this epidemic and the most common were social distancing and lockdown. Our analysis revealed that the measures can slow down the outbreak. We can reduce the epidemic size and prolong the time to arrive at the epidemic peak by seriously following the measures suggested by the authorities.


There is currently not enough evidence to support the effectiveness of face shields for source control

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We also demonstrated that three brands of medical masks blocked over 99% viruses in aerosols. The avian coronavirus was completely inactivated after being steamed for 5 minutes.


non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Advil and Motrin can make COVID-19 symptoms worse.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

As fever may have benefit in shortening the duration of viral illness, it is plausible to hypothesize that the antipyretic efficacy of ibuprofen may be hindering the benefits of a fever response when taken during the early stages of COVID-19 illness.


COVID-19 is shedding new light on how viruses can kick some patient's immune system into overdrive to deadly effect in what is known as a cytokine storm syndrome.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention. However, supplementation with vitamins C and D, as well as with zinc and selenium, was highlighted as potentially beneficial for individuals with, or at risk of, respiratory viral infections or for those in whom nutrient deficiency is detected.


CT changes consistent with COVID-19 pneumonia can be observed in asymptomatic patients, as well as mild damage to the immune system.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Advil and Motrin can make COVID-19 symptoms worse.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

The Expert Working Group on the Commission of Human Medicines in the UK and other organizations have stated that there is insufficient evidence to establish a link between ibuprofen and susceptibility to or exacerbation of COVID-19.


Drinking alcohol can make coronavirus worse

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

While it remains much too early to determine precisely how alcohol use might affect risk for or progression of COVID19, any efforts to connect the dots from past alcohol research would suggest it wise for nondrinkers and lowrisk drinkers to maintain that status during this public health crisis.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

The majority of documents encouraged the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain foods. Thirty-one percent of the guidelines highlighted the importance of minerals and vitamins such as zinc and vitamins C, A, and D to maintain a well-functioning immune system.


The use of ACE inhibitors was associated with an almost 40% lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalization for the older, Medicare Advantage patients - but there was no significant difference in risk for the younger, commercially insured patients.

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

among patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19, ACEI/ARB use was not associated with increased risk of hospital admission.


Can coronavirus be transmitted over surfaces? Yes.

Question: Are there natural remedies that will prevent me from getting infected with COVID-19?

Lignans like podophyllotoxin and bicyclol show strong antiviral activities against different viruses, and essential oils can directly interact with viral membranes and reduce the hosts inflammatory responses (e.g., 1,8-cineol). Echinacea extracts stimulate the immune system, and bioavailable alkamides are key players by interacting with immunomodulating cannabinoid receptors.


The analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This paper investigates the COVID-19 virus origin by using artificial intelligence (AI) and raw genomic sequences of the virus.


coronavirus can be prevented by having millets in one's diet because it generates heat in the body.

Question: Does heat prevent COVID-19?

Of note, 44.12% of the detected IgM levels were dropped below the cutoff value after heating, suggesting heat inactivation can lead to false-negative results of these samples.


headache was a symptom in some COVID-19 patients.

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

Symptomatic COVID19 patients, around 6%10%, also reported headache as a presenting symptom.


cats can pass the virus to other cats, they discovered no proof that the animals can pass COVID-19 to humans

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Little information on the SARS-CoV-2 virus in animals is available to date.


even wearing non-medical grade masks or face coverings would have a profound effect in limiting coronavirus transmission

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

We present two models for the COVID-19 pandemic predicting the impact of universal face mask wearing upon the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus--one employing a stochastic dynamic network based compartmental SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) approach, and the other employing individual ABM (agent-based modelling) Monte Carlo simulation--indicating (1) significant impact under (near) universal masking when at least 80% of a population is wearing masks, versus minimal impact when only 50% or less of the population is wearing masks, and (2) significant impact when universal masking is adopted early, by Day 50 of a regional outbreak, versus minimal impact when universal masking is adopted late.


We know that patients with cardiovascular diseases are at particular risk of severe COVID-19 infection,

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

Patients who take ACEIs and ARBS may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2 infections.


Another candidate vaccine, called CoronaVac , being developed by Beijing-based Sinovac Biotech, protected rhesus macaque monkeys from infection with the novel coronavirus,

Question: What vaccine candidates are being tested for Covid-19?

Currently there is no known vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for COVID-19


When the immune system's next stage kicked in, both adults and children made antibodies targeting the coronavirus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


When the immune system's next stage kicked in, both adults and children made antibodies targeting the coronavirus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Distinguishing pre-existing and de novo antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 will be critical for serology, seroprevalence and vaccine studies, as well as for our understanding of susceptibility to and natural course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.


Can Vitamin C Protect You from COVID-19?

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A principal defence against uncontrolled inflammation, and against viral infection in general, is provided by T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs). Treg levels have been reported to be low in many COVID-19 patients and can be increased by vitamin D supplementation. Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and a significantly increased risk of pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes, which are frequently observed in COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to occur more frequently in patients with obesity and diabetes. These conditions are reported to carry a higher mortality in COVID-19. If vitamin D does in fact reduce the severity of COVID-19 in regard to pneumonia/ARDS, inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and thrombosis, it is our opinion that supplements would offer a relatively easy option to decrease the impact of the pandemic.


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

There are currently no approved medications or vaccines which have been claimed to be effective in COVID-19 prevention or treatment.


it is safe for you to defer taking anti-fever like ibuprofen medicines for minor illnesses.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of COVID-19 patients, ibuprofen use was not associated with worse clinical outcomes, compared with paracetamol or no antipyretic.


The new coronavirus can infect organs throughout the body, including lungs, throat, heart, liver, brain, kidneys and the intestines

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

Since viral transmission occurs through the droplets emitted during coughing or sneezing, the lungs are primarily affected.


The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can spread between people interacting in close proximity - for example, speaking, coughing, sneezing, or singing- even if those people do not symptoms

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is transmitted by person-to-person contact, via airborne droplets, or through contact with contaminated surfaces.


people may acquire SARS-CoV-2 through the air and after touching contaminated objects.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The contaminated surface environment in hospitals plays an important role in the transmission of several key nosocomial pathogens including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., Clostridium difficile, Acinetobacter spp., and norovirus.


Animals don't appear to play a significant role in spreading the virus that causes COVID-19.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

There is currently no indication that feline- or canine-to-human transmission can occur, though there is rising evidence of the reverse.


Since patients treated with ACEIs and ARBS will have increased numbers of ACE2 receptors in their lungs for coronavirus S proteins to bind to, they may be at increased risk of severe disease outcomes due to SARS-CoV-2infections

Question: are patients taking Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE) inhibitors at increased risk for COVID-19?

current evidence did not confirm the concern that ACEI/ARB exposure is harmful in patientswith COVID-19 infection. This study supports the current guidelines that discourage discontinuation of ACEIs or ARBs in COVID-19 patients and the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic


5G networks facilitate the spread of the coronavirus.

Question: Can 5G technology cause COVID-19?

In drawing things to a close, we explore the use of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), blockchain, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and 5G, among others, to help mitigate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak.


Coronavirus deaths in people with diabetes Data from NHS England in May showed us that, for those who become so unwell with coronavirus that they need to go to hospital, the risk of dying is higher for people living with diabetes than people without the condition.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Type 2 diabetic patients were more susceptible to COVID-19 than overall population, which might be associated with hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia.


only people with symptoms can spread the the new coronavirus

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The evidence confirms COVID-19 transmission from people who were asymptomatic at the time.


Does ultraviolet light kill the coronavirus ? No

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

The index of India has remained very low (161) so far, mainly due to early implementation of social lockdown, social distancing, and sanitizing hands.


people may acquire SARS-CoV-2 through the air and after touching contaminated objects.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The most common coronaviruses may well survive or persist on surfaces for up to one month.


Yes, the novel coronavirus can survive on surfaces. No, it doesn't seem to matter.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Susceptible persons who contacted these contaminated surfaces may transfer the pathogens to their mucous membranes via hands, leading to a risk of respiratory infection.


a person can also get the coronavirus if they touch a surface or object that has viral particles on it and then touch their mouth, nose, or eyes.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Frequent touching of contaminated surfaces in public areas is therefore a potential route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.


Long-term health conditions and aging weaken your immune system

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.


Vitamin D may improve odds of survival from COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Middle East, the recovery rate (r= 0.267) and mortality rate (r= -0.217) showed a medium correlation.


Symptoms of COVID-19 may appear 2-14 days after exposure.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Based on animal experiments, already acquired data on other coronavirus types and plausibility assumptions, it can be assumed that seroconverted patients have an immunity of limited duration and only a very low risk of reinfection.


COVID-19 rarely spreads between people and animals

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing is associated with a statistically-significant reduction in the doubling rate for all but three states.


Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Being a novel pandemic coronavirus version, it might be ongoing during summer conditions associated with higher air temperatures, low relative humidity and precipitation levels.


in some people with severe COVID-19, the body goes rogue and attacks one of its own key immune defenses instead of the coronavirus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

In this study, we collected blood from COVID-19 patients who have recently become virus-free and therefore were discharged, and analyzed their SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T cell responses. We observed SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in the patients. Both were detected in newly discharged patients, suggesting both participate in immune-mediated protection to viral infection.


SARS-CoV-2 is more stable on plastic and stainless steel than on copper and cardboard

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Susceptible persons who contacted these contaminated surfaces may transfer the pathogens to their mucous membranes via hands, leading to a risk of respiratory infection.


Before preparing or eating food it is important to always wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds for general food safety.

Question: Can COVID-19 spread through food?

The need for developing respective bioanalytical protocols for food and environmental safety applications to adapt in the post-lockdown period is also highlighted.


The coronavirus that causes COVID-19 can spread between people interacting in close proximity - for example, speaking, coughing, sneezing, or singing- even if those people do not symptoms

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

In this new study, human coronavirus 229E was rapidly inactivated on a range of copper alloys (within a few minutes for simulated fingertip contamination) and Cu/Zn brasses were very effective at lower copper concentration.


Can dogs and cats get coronavirus ? the short answer is YES

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Likewise, the S protein nucleotide sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus isolated in domestic animals and humans is identical, and the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 in cats is efficient.


Namely, winter is coming. On the minds of many restaurant owners is the fact that this month's mild weather is just weeks away from becoming a cold, windy, rainy mess, perhaps heavily impacting outdoor dining - one of the few ways restaurants have been able to (barely) scrape by.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

These results provide evidence for the relationship between several weather variables and the spread of COVID-19. However, the (conservatively) estimated relationships are not strong enough to seasonally control the epidemic in most locations.


Vitamin D may improve odds of survival from COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

a small reverse correlation between mortality rate and vitamin D status was observed throughout the globe (r= -0.177). In Asia, a medium direct correlation was observed for recovery rate (r= 0.317) and a significant reveres correlation for mortality rate (r= -0.700) with vitamin D status in such patients.


The virus that causes COVID-19 appears to spread more efficiently than influenza but not as efficiently as measles, which is among the most contagious viruses known to affect people.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Our models predict these strict social distancing measures caused a 79% and 61% reduction in the daily cases of COVID-19 across Australia and New Zealand respectively.


COVID-19 rarely spreads between people and animals

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Discussion: The combined social distancing measures implemented by the Greek authorities within the first few weeks after the first confirmed case of the virus reduced the COVID-19 growth rate.


all hand sanitizers works against covid-19

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

Efficient SARS-CoV-2 inactivation was demonstrated for all tested alcohol-based disinfectants. These findings show the successful inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 for the first time and provide confidence in its use for the control of COVID-19.


people develop abdominal discomfort or nausea when calcium gets too high

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

a small reverse correlation between mortality rate and vitamin D status was observed throughout the globe (r= -0.177). In Asia, a medium direct correlation was observed for recovery rate (r= 0.317) and a significant reveres correlation for mortality rate (r= -0.700) with vitamin D status in such patients.


A lot has been written around the novel Coronavirus and how it impacts lungs, but in recent few months, experts have observed a rise in cardiac arrest cases during the pandemic.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

consistent reports of cardiac injury and de novo cardiac complications, including possible myocarditis, arrhythmia, and heart failure in patients without prior cardiovascular disease or significant risk factors, are emerging


heart attacks and strokes caused by blood clots appears to be the cause of death in some younger patients under the age of 50.

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Respiratory failure has been cited as the major cause of death


Our study shows that camostat mesylate blocks infection of cells with SARS-CoV-2-like particles and with authentic, patient-derived SARS-CoV-2.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Several efforts are currently made to find a treatment for COVID-19 patients. So far, several anti-viral and immunosuppressive or immunomodulating drugs have demonstrated some efficacy on COVID-19 both in vitro and in animal models as well as in cases series.


wear cloth face coverings in public can stop spreading coronanvirus when social distancing is difficult. This advice is based on evidence that people with COVID-19 can transmit the COVID-19 virus before they realize they have it.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.


Early symptoms for covid-19: include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. These appear as soon as 2 days, or as long as 14 days, after exposure to the virus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


Early symptoms for covid-19: include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. These appear as soon as 2 days, or as long as 14 days, after exposure to the virus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

we discovered evidence that SARS-CoV-2, along with related coronaviruses, used mutations to evade attack from the human immune system. Overall, we present an immunological resource for SARS-CoV-2 that could promote both therapeutic development and mechanistic research.


SARS-CoV-2 is more stable on plastic and stainless steel than on copper and cardboard

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

In this new study, human coronavirus 229E was rapidly inactivated on a range of copper alloys (within a few minutes for simulated fingertip contamination) and Cu/Zn brasses were very effective at lower copper concentration.


COVID-19 rarely spreads between people and animals

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

stronger social distancing, e.g., cutting 75% of social ties, can reduce the outbreak by 75% for the C isolation, by 33% for the D isolation, and by 87% for the (C+D) isolation strategy.


There's an evidence that pets are playing a role in spreading COVID-19

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

ferrets and cats are highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as infected by virus inoculation and can transmit the virus directly or indirectly by droplets or airborne routes.


Blood pressure drugs linked to lower Covid-19 mortality

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

COVID-19 patients with hypertension had more severe secondary infections, cardiac and renal dysfunction, and depletion of CD8+ cells on admission. Patients with hypertension were more likely to have comorbidities and complications and were more likely to be classified as critically ill than those without hypertension.


reports hypertension may be risk factor for people who get infected with the coronavirus, experts says there's not enough evidence to support that fear.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

Hypertension has been proven to be more prevalent in patients with an adverse outcome (admission in intensive care unit, use of mechanical ventilation, or death).


there is also growing evidence that smaller particles called aerosols can hang in the air longer and travel farther.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Human Coronavirus 229E Remains Infectious on Common Touch Surface Materials


The science is clear: Face masks can prevent coronavirus transmission and save lives.

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

A trend in favour of N95 respirators was observed in preventing laboratory-confirmed respiratory viral infections, laboratory-confirmed respiratory infection, and influenza like illness.


Everyone who get the coronavirus will die: No.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

CONCLUSION The use of IV vitamin C in patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 disease may be feasible.


cough was the first symptom in COVID-19 patients.

Question: Is a headache sign of the coronavirus disease?

since moderate conjunctival hyperemia can be the first sign of a severe respiratory distress.


people develop abdominal discomfort or nausea when calcium gets too high

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


wear cloth face coverings in public can stop spreading coronanvirus when social distancing is difficult. This advice is based on evidence that people with COVID-19 can transmit the COVID-19 virus before they realize they have it.

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Together, this study suggested that medical masks are adequate for use on most social occasions, and both medical masks and N95 masks can be reused for a few days with steam decontamination between use.


people develop abdominal discomfort or nausea when calcium gets too high

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A principal defence against uncontrolled inflammation, and against viral infection in general, is provided by T regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs). Treg levels have been reported to be low in many COVID-19 patients and can be increased by vitamin D supplementation. Low vitamin D levels have been associated with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and a significantly increased risk of pneumonia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increase in thrombotic episodes, which are frequently observed in COVID-19. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to occur more frequently in patients with obesity and diabetes. These conditions are reported to carry a higher mortality in COVID-19. If vitamin D does in fact reduce the severity of COVID-19 in regard to pneumonia/ARDS, inflammation, inflammatory cytokines and thrombosis, it is our opinion that supplements would offer a relatively easy option to decrease the impact of the pandemic.


Our study shows that camostat mesylate blocks infection of cells with SARS-CoV-2-like particles and with authentic, patient-derived SARS-CoV-2.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

The results suggest the effectiveness of Ribavirin, Remdesivir, Sofosbuvir, Galidesivir, and Tenofovir as potent drugs against SARS-CoV-2 since they tightly bind to its RdRp. In addition, the results suggest guanosine derivative (IDX-184), Setrobuvir, and YAK as top seeds for antiviral treatments with high potential to fight the SARS-CoV-2 strain specifically.


budesonide, commonly prescribed in the United States under the name Pulmicort, is a good treatment for COVID-19.

Question: Is dexamethasone effective for treating COVID-19?

Nevertheless, up to date, no drugs have been confirmed as a definitive treatment for COVID-19.


Heart damage lingers in COVID-19 patients, even after recovery

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

Cardiovascular complications were mainly observed in the confirmed COVID-19+group, consisting of heart failure (9%), palpitations/arrhythmias (3%), stroke/TIA (3%) and pulmonary hypertension (3%). Cardiovascular symptoms such as chest pain (1%), myocardial injury (1%) and pericardial effusion (1%) were also recorded.


Experts anticipate some seasonal impact on the spread of the coronavirus, though the exact relationship is unclear.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

We show that the delay between exposure and detection of infection complicates the estimation of weather impact on COVID-19 transmission, potentially explaining significant variability in results to-date


fear and anxiety about a new disease and what could happen can be overwhelming and cause strong emotions in adults and children.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

the centralized social distancing is necessary to minimize the pandemic spreading.


Long-term health conditions and aging weaken your immune system

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Thus both qualitative and quantitative features of B and T cell immunity to spike constitute informative biomarkers of the protective potential of novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.


Coronaviruses are a large family of different viruses and have coexisted with humans for a long time. The leap from animals to humans, however, coronavirus is new

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

The results obtained from various AI-enabled experiments using clustering algorithms demonstrate that all examined COVID-19 virus genomes belong to a cluster that also contains bat and pangolin coronavirus genomes.


Understanding these immune changes may help in finding treatments that work for older COVID-19 patients, but, it may also help younger people who may have some of the same problems without knowing it.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


Traditional medicines involving plant-based formulations have proven successful in boosting immunity and providing tolerance to virus infections.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

Thus, our goal is to test the most active antivirals identified in adequate animal models infected with SARS-CoV-2, to add more information about possible in vivo efficacy. In turn, successful antivirals could be tested in clinical trials as treatments for infected patients, but also as pre-exposure prophylaxis to avoid novel infections until an effective and safe vaccine is developed.


all hand sanitizers works against covid-19

Question: what hand sanitizers kill COVID-19?

There is currently no vaccine for COVID-19, leaving governments and public health agencies with little defense against the virus aside from advising or enforcing best practices for virus transmission prevention, which include hand-washing, physical distancing, use of face covers, and use of effective disinfectants.


chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which have been extensively used for the treatment of malaria with known safety and efficacy, also limit acidification of endosomes, Golgi vesicles, and lysosomes. These molecules significantly reduce SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

At this point, the data here presented on hydroxychloroquine either alone or combined with azithromycin (together with previously reported in vivo data in macaques and ferrets) provide no scientific basis for further use of the drug in humans.


Exposure to the sun or to temperatures higher than 77 F (25 C) doesn't prevent the COVID-19 virus or cure COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Vitamin D deficiency that is not sufficiently treated is associated with COVID-19 risk.


people can spread coronavirus even if they don't have symptoms (called asymptomatic) or before they have symptoms (called presymptomatic).

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

and 3) provides suggestion that the public should wear the mask during COVID-19 pandemic according to local context.


Vitamin D appears increase COVID-19 mortality rates

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


Symptoms of COVID-19 may appear 2-14 days after exposure.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of viral cycles and immunity is an important prerequisite for the development of vaccination strategies and development of effective drugs.


Can Vitamin C Protect You from COVID-19?

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Middle East, the recovery rate (r= 0.267) and mortality rate (r= -0.217) showed a medium correlation.


Ideal weather conditions may have helped coronavirus thrive

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

We show that the delay between exposure and detection of infection complicates the estimation of weather impact on COVID-19 transmission, potentially explaining significant variability in results to-date


Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Depending on the region we analyse, we find that face masks reduced the cumulative number of registered Covid-19 cases between 2.3% and 13% over a period of 10 days after they became compulsory. Assessing the credibility of the various estimates, we conclude that face masks reduce the daily growth rate of reported infections by around 40%.


heart attacks and strokes caused by blood clots appears to be the cause of death in some younger patients under the age of 50.

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Compared to the recovered group, more patients in the death group exhibited characteristics of advanced age, pre-existing comorbidities, dyspnea, oxygen saturation decrease, increased WBC count, decreased lymphocytes, and elevated CRP levels.


The virus that causes COVID-19 appears to spread more efficiently than influenza but not as efficiently as measles, which is among the most contagious viruses known to affect people.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

stronger social distancing, e.g., cutting 75% of social ties, can reduce the outbreak by 75% for the C isolation, by 33% for the D isolation, and by 87% for the (C+D) isolation strategy.


The CORONAVIRUS is not of natural origin

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Recent research results suggest that bats or pangolins might be the original hosts for the virus based on comparative studies using its genomic sequences.


COVID-19 rarely spreads between people and animals

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Our models predict these strict social distancing measures caused a 79% and 61% reduction in the daily cases of COVID-19 across Australia and New Zealand respectively.


The first known cases of COVID-19 were in Wuhan, China

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, Central China


Social distancing is crucial for preventing the spread of contagious illnesses such as COVID-19 (coronavirus). COVID-19 can spread through coughing, sneezing and close contact. By minimizing the amount of close contact we have with others, we reduce our chances of catching the virus and spreading it to our loved ones and within our community.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

We use a simple log-linear model with intercept and trend break to evaluate whether the measures are effective preventing/slowing down the spread of the disease in Turkey.


High blood pressure is a serious condition for covid-19 patients

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with hypertension?

COVID-19 patients with hypertension had more severe secondary infections, cardiac and renal dysfunction, and depletion of CD8+ cells on admission. Patients with hypertension were more likely to have comorbidities and complications and were more likely to be classified as critically ill than those without hypertension.


even wearing non-medical grade masks or face coverings would have a profound effect in limiting coronavirus transmission

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

Our simple model shows that modest efficacy of masks could avert substantial mortality in this scenario. Importantly, the effects on mortality became hyper-sensitive to mask-wearing as the effective R approaches 1, i.e. near the tipping point of when the infection trajectory is expected to revert to exponential growth, as would be expected after effective lockdown. Our model suggests that mask-wearing might exert maximal benefit as nations plan their post-lockdown strategies and suggests that mask-wearing should be included in further more sophisticated models of the current pandemic.


immune responses to coronavirus in severely ill and critically ill patients are as strong or stronger than those of patients with milder illness.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

Thus both qualitative and quantitative features of B and T cell immunity to spike constitute informative biomarkers of the protective potential of novel SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.


Researchers have found that remdesivir is highly effective at fighting the novel coronavirus in isolated cells

Question: is remdesivir an effective treatment for COVID-19?

remdesivir is not sufficient on its own and may be suitable in combination with other antivirals or treatments such as convalescent plasma.


Coronaviruses are a large family of different viruses and have coexisted with humans for a long time. The leap from animals to humans, however, coronavirus is new

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

This paper investigates the COVID-19 virus origin by using artificial intelligence (AI) and raw genomic sequences of the virus.


A few cats have reportedly tested positive for COVID-19 after they came into contact with people who were infected. They include pet cats and zoo animals.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Using data from probable cat-to-cat transmission in Wuhan, China, we estimated the basic reproduction number R0 under this scenario at 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.13). This value is much lower than the R0 reported for humans and close to one, indicating that the sustained transmission between cats is unlikely to occur.


children are unlikely to die from COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Several studies demonstrated the role of vitamin D in reducing the risk of acute viral respiratory tract infections and pneumonia. These include direct inhibition with viral replication or with anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory ways. In the meta-analysis, vitamin D supplementation has been shown as safe and effective against acute respiratory tract infections. Thus, people who are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic should consider taking vitamin D supplements to maintain the circulating 25(OH)D in the optimal levels (75-125nmol/L).


coronavirus can be prevented by having millets in one's diet because it generates heat in the body.

Question: Does heat prevent COVID-19?

It is suggested that Chinese medicine of clearing heat and removing toxin should be used to prevent the uninfected people from COVID-19, and intervene in the early stage of the disease and control the development of it to be severe by inhibiting the cytokine storm.


budesonide, commonly prescribed in the United States under the name Pulmicort, is a good treatment for COVID-19.

Question: Is dexamethasone effective for treating COVID-19?

Trials such as the SOLIDARITY and RECOVERY are ongoing, and first results were announced in favour of therapy with dexamethasone with a significant trend showing greatest benefit among those patients requiring ventilation.


Ideal weather conditions may have helped coronavirus thrive

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases.


cats can pass the virus to other cats, they discovered no proof that the animals can pass COVID-19 to humans

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Notification of presumptive positive animal test results triggered a One Health* investigation by state and federal partners, who determined that no further transmission events to other animals or persons had occurred.


wearing a face mask do not stopped person-to-person spread of the virus.

Question: How much impact do masks have on preventing the spread of the COVID-19?

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV2 is a rapidly spreading global pandemic. Although precise transmission routes and dynamics are unknown, SARS-CoV2 is thought primarily to spread via contagious respiratory droplets.


children are unlikely to die from COVID-19

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Vitamin D deficiency that is not sufficiently treated is associated with COVID-19 risk.


Is it safe to take acetaminophen/Tylenol to treat coronavirus symptoms? yes it is.

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

The Expert Working Group on the Commission of Human Medicines in the UK and other organizations have stated that there is insufficient evidence to establish a link between ibuprofen and susceptibility to or exacerbation of COVID-19.


Are hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine safe? Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are generally considered safe when taken for conditions that they have been approved for.

Question: does hydroxychloroquine treat COVID-19?

the use of hydroxychloroquine alone was associated with increased mortality in COVID-19 patients.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Dietary supplementation has not been linked to COVID-19 prevention.


New evidence suggests the coronavirus has lasting impacts on the heart, raising alarm for cardiologists who have been concerned about potential long-term heart injury from COVID-19.

Question: are heart complications likely in patients with COVID-19?

Myocardial injury is significantly associated with fatal outcome of COVID-19, while the prognosis of patients with underlying CVD but without myocardial injury is relatively favorable. Myocardial injury is associated with cardiac dysfunction and arrhythmias. Inflammation may be a potential mechanism for myocardial injury.


HVAC systems can spread the disease caused by the coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Being a novel pandemic coronavirus version, it might be ongoing during summer conditions associated with higher air temperatures, low relative humidity and precipitation levels.


Vitamin C may help shorten the duration and severity of colds caused by other viruses, but this is no guarantee that it will have the same effect on the coronavirus that causes COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

testing positive for COVID-19 was associated with increasing age(RR(age<50)=1.05,p<0.021;RR(age[]50)=1.02,p<0.064)), non-white race(RR=2.54,p<0.01) and being likely vitamin D deficient (deficient/treatment-not-increased:RR=1.77,p<0.02) as compared to likely vitamin D sufficient(not-deficient/treatment-not-decreased), with predicted COVID-19 rates in the vitamin D deficient group of 21.6%(95%CI[14.0%-29.2%] ) versus 12.2%(95%CI[8.9%-15.4%]) in the vitamin D sufficient group.


early increases in positivity rates among people age 17 to 24 were followed by several weeks of rising positivity rates in people 25 and older

Question: what are the mortality rates overall and in specific populations

Mortality was significantly associated with older age, lower body mass index, chronic renal disease, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, lower PaO2/FIO2 ratio, higher D-dimer, higher C-reactive protein, and receipt of mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, renal replacement therapy, or vasodilator therapy.


By curbing inflammation, the drug could help people whose immune systems have become overactive through a process called a cytokine storm, which can cause severe COVID-19 symptoms

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

According to this hypothesis vaccine formulations (tetanus, diphtheria, Bordetella pertussis) could be re-administrate after the first contact with Covid-19, better before the development of respiratory severe illness and of course before full-blown ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). The CD4+ memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting lung crash until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged.


Understanding these immune changes may help in finding treatments that work for older COVID-19 patients, but, it may also help younger people who may have some of the same problems without knowing it.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


Vitamin D appears increase COVID-19 mortality rates

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Vitamin D deficiency that is not sufficiently treated is associated with COVID-19 risk.


The coronavirus can live on a surgical mask for 7 days, cloth for 2 days, and paper for 3 hours.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Surfaces near patients hospitalized with respiratory infections were frequently contaminated by pathogens, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being most common, highlighting the potential for transmission of respiratory pathogens via surfaces.


not all masks confer equal levels of protection

Question: what are the best masks for preventing infection by Covid-19?

Neither mask type completely prevents transmission, which may be due to inappropriate handling and alternative transmission pathways. Therefore, compliance with a bundle of infection control measures including thorough hand hygiene is key.


VITAMIN D LEVELS increase COVID-19 MORTALITY RATES

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Studies on the use of available vaccines, including BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine), to develop immunity against this virus are also underway. Specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are also being developed in many laboratories across the world.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

At this point, the data here presented on hydroxychloroquine either alone or combined with azithromycin (together with previously reported in vivo data in macaques and ferrets) provide no scientific basis for further use of the drug in humans.


researchers think that a special strain of cannabis might potentially be a valuable tool in the fight against COVID-19.

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

Since many articles have reported the effect of smoking (tobacco and cannabis) and vaping in cerebrovascular and neurological systems, and considering that smokers are more prone to viral and bacterial infection compared to non-smokers, it is high time to explore the probable correlation of smoking in COVID-19 patients.


Coronavirus can Be Crushed By Warmer Weather

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Results indicated that temperatures had a negative linear relationship with the number of confirmed cases.


masks protect me from COVID-19 or just prevent me from

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We identified seasonal human coronaviruses, influenza viruses and rhinoviruses in exhaled breath and coughs of children and adults with acute respiratory illness.


BCG vaccine can boost the immune system enough to prevent healthcare workers from catching coronavirus.

Question: are there any clinical trials available for the coronavirus

Currently, numerous trials testing potential treatment and preventative options are undertaken globally.


Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

However, the source(s) and transmission routine(s) of SARSCoV2 remain elusive' (1).


The new coronavirus may cause migraine attacks. Headaches in general may be a symptom. Learn more about the new coronavirus, migraine, and COVID-19 symptoms.

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

Development of a vaccine may be the only effective long-term protection against this disease.


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

Clinical trials are not often conducted among pregnant patients for safety reasons and this means that drugs that may be effective in general population cannot be used for pregnant women due to the lack of knowledge of side effects in this category of people .


COVID-19 disease, caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, is related to a series of physiopathological mechanisms that mobilize a wide variety of biomolecules, mainly immunological in nature.

Question: what is a cytokine storm and how is it related to COVID-19?

The disease progresses rapidly, and the mortality is high. Certain evidence shows that, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, the severe deterioration of some patients has been closely related to the cytokine storm in their bodies.


COVID-19 is shedding new light on how viruses can kick some patient's immune system into overdrive to deadly effect in what is known as a cytokine storm syndrome.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

we discovered evidence that SARS-CoV-2, along with related coronaviruses, used mutations to evade attack from the human immune system. Overall, we present an immunological resource for SARS-CoV-2 that could promote both therapeutic development and mechanistic research.


Other viral respiratory diseases, such as influenza, are seasonal in that cases decrease in the spring and summer. But unlike the flu, no one knows what to expect from COVID-19

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28{degrees}C and +14.51{degrees}C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth


people can spread coronavirus even if they don't have symptoms (called asymptomatic) or before they have symptoms (called presymptomatic).

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

We find that the critical mask adherence is 5 per 100 when 80% wear face masks.


The analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Covid19 infection began in Wuhan (Hubei, China) in December, 2019.


wet weather can kill the new coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-17 cases/day with a 1C rise in temperature.


wet weather can kill the new coronavirus

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Each 1 C rise of temperature was associated with a 4.8951% (t = 2.29, p = 0.0226) decrease in the number of daily cumulative confirmed cases of COVID-19


UV light is the latest popular tool in the ongoing race to find ways to prevent oneself from catching SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.

Question: Does UV light help in preventing covid-19?

To evaluate the hypothesis that light could reduce the lethality of COVID-19.


budesonide, commonly prescribed in the United States under the name Pulmicort, is a good treatment for COVID-19.

Question: Is dexamethasone effective for treating COVID-19?

Corticosteroids could be useful in patients with an inflammatory profile, considering that acute respiratory distress syndrome may be the consequence of cytokine storm syndrome. LEARNING POINTS: One of the main pathophysiological hypotheses for severe COVID-19 pneumonia is inappropriate immunological hyperactivation. Corticosteroid therapy may be useful in these patients.


vitamin C can prevent or treat COVID-19 (coronavirus)

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Some nutrients are actively involved in the proper functioning and strengthening of the human immune system against viral infections including dietary protein, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, iron, zinc, and selenium. Few studies were done on the effect of dietary components on prevention of COVID-19, but supplementation with these nutrients may be effective in improving the health status of patients with viral infections.


Exposure to the sun or to temperatures higher than 77 F (25 C) doesn't prevent the COVID-19 virus or cure COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

A significant negative correlation (p=0.033) has been observed between mean vitamin D levels and COVID-19 cases per one million population in European countries.


Social distancing is crucial for preventing the spread of contagious illnesses such as COVID-19 (coronavirus). COVID-19 can spread through coughing, sneezing and close contact. By minimizing the amount of close contact we have with others, we reduce our chances of catching the virus and spreading it to our loved ones and within our community.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

stronger social distancing, e.g., cutting 75% of social ties, can reduce the outbreak by 75% for the C isolation, by 33% for the D isolation, and by 87% for the (C+D) isolation strategy.


SARS-CoV-2 is more stable on plastic and stainless steel than on copper and cardboard

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

The most common coronaviruses may well survive or persist on surfaces for up to one month.


Animals don't appear to play a significant role in spreading the virus that causes COVID-19.

Question: Can animals spread COVID-19?

Using data from probable cat-to-cat transmission in Wuhan, China, we estimated the basic reproduction number R0 under this scenario at 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.05, 1.13). This value is much lower than the R0 reported for humans and close to one, indicating that the sustained transmission between cats is unlikely to occur.


Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

The current study focuses on the relationship between environmental parameters and the growth rate of COVID-19. The statistical analysis suggests that the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28C and +14.51C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth.


budesonide, commonly prescribed in the United States under the name Pulmicort, is a good treatment for COVID-19.

Question: Is dexamethasone effective for treating COVID-19?

In this study, we aimed to identify these potential molecular signaling pathways, and repurpose existing drugs as a potentially effective treatment of COVID-19 to facilitate the therapeutic discovery, based on the transcriptional response of host cells.


Studies on the use of available vaccines, including BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine), to develop immunity against this virus are also underway. Specific vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are also being developed in many laboratories across the world.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

We show that a high (5106 pfu) and medium (5104 pfu) dose of SARS-CoV-2 induces consistent upper respiratory tract (URT) viral RNA shedding in both groups of six challenged animals, whilst a low dose (5102 pfu) resulted in only one of six displaying signs of URT viral RNA replication.


Duo of antiviral drugs strongly inhibits SARS-CoV-2 in the lab

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

At this point, the data here presented on hydroxychloroquine either alone or combined with azithromycin (together with previously reported in vivo data in macaques and ferrets) provide no scientific basis for further use of the drug in humans.


The brain is another complicated organ that may be affected by the virus. People with COVID-19 have had strokes and seizures.

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

Herein, we thoroughly reviewed multiple organs including lung, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, skin, heart, blood, spleen, lymph nodes, brain, blood vessels, and placenta in terms of COVID-19-related pathological alterations.


Coronavirus deaths in people with diabetes Data from NHS England in May showed us that, for those who become so unwell with coronavirus that they need to go to hospital, the risk of dying is higher for people living with diabetes than people without the condition.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

diabetes, hypertension, and cholesterol levels possess an apparent relation to COVID-19 severity.


Can people who are asymptomatic spread coronavirus? The answer is NO

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

The evidence confirms COVID-19 transmission from people who were asymptomatic at the time.


People may take ibuprofen for body aches, headaches, or chronic health conditions, such as arthritis or lupus.

Question: Are Tylenol, Advil and Motrin effective and safe to take for COVID-19 symptoms?

The basic treatments are mainly represented by antiviral drugs, even if the evidence is not satisfactory Among the antivirals, the most promising appears to be remdesivir Corticosteroids and tocilizumab seem to guarantee positive results in selected patients so far, although the timing of starting therapy and the most appropriate therapeutic schemes remain to be clarified


at least 15 minutes of UVC exposure inactivated SARS, making it impossible for the virus to replicate.

Question: Does UV light help in preventing covid-19?

Based on the mechanisms described earlier, our hypothesis is that light could reduce the lethality of COVID-19.


People who are infected but do not show symptoms can also spread the virus to others.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

counties where the policies have been imposed have effectively increased social distancing and have seen slowing the spread of COVID-19.


chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which have been extensively used for the treatment of malaria with known safety and efficacy, also limit acidification of endosomes, Golgi vesicles, and lysosomes. These molecules significantly reduce SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.

Question: are there any drugs that work for SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 in animals?

When used for prophylaxis or treatment neither the standard human malaria dose (6.5 mg/kg) nor a high dose (50 mg/kg) of HCQ had any beneficial effect on clinical disease or SARS-CoV-2 kinetics (replication/shedding) in the Syrian hamster disease model. Similarly, HCQ prophylaxis/treatment (6.5 mg/kg) did not significantly benefit clinical outcome nor reduce SARS-CoV-2 replication/shedding in the upper and lower respiratory tract in the rhesus macaque disease model. In conclusion, our preclinical animal studies do not support the use of HCQ in prophylaxis/treatment of COVID-19.


Symptoms of COVID-19 may appear 2-14 days after exposure.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The CD4 + memory exploiting could help immune system to recall immunity of already know antigens against coronaviruses, avoiding or limiting "lung crash" until virus specific immunity develops and making it faster and prolonged. Finally, this administration could be helpful not only in already infected patients, but also before infection. In fact, people could have an immune system more ready when the contact with the Covid-19 will occur.


VITAMIN D LEVELS MAY IMPACT COVID-19 MORTALITY RATES

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Middle East, the recovery rate (r= 0.267) and mortality rate (r= -0.217) showed a medium correlation.


One reason Covid-19 has spread so rapidly is that people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus can show no symptoms of disease and yet are still contagious - they don't look or feel sick but still transmit the virus without realizing.

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

APs with COVID-19 still have certain period of viral shedding, which suggests the possibility of transmission during their asymptomatic period.


COVID-19 disease, caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2, is related to a series of physiopathological mechanisms that mobilize a wide variety of biomolecules, mainly immunological in nature.

Question: what is a cytokine storm and how is it related to COVID-19?

Patients with COVID-19 who require ICU admission might have the cytokine storm.


VITAMIN D LEVELS increase COVID-19 MORTALITY RATES

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

a small reverse correlation between mortality rate and vitamin D status was observed throughout the globe (r= -0.177). In Asia, a medium direct correlation was observed for recovery rate (r= 0.317) and a significant reveres correlation for mortality rate (r= -0.700) with vitamin D status in such patients.


there is evidence that routine use of ibuprofen associated with higher covid-19 mortality

Question: Can taking medication to lower fever, such as paracetamol (tylenol) and ibuprofen (advil) worsen COVID-19?

There are clearly COVID-19 cases where NSAIDs should not be used, but there is no strong evidence that NSAIDs must be avoided in all patients with COVID-19;


The pandemic coronavirus will wane with warmer weather, like some other respiratory

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

the temperature changes retarded the growth rate and found that -6.28{degrees}C and +14.51{degrees}C temperature is the favorable range for COVID-19 growth


Coronavirus can Be Crushed By Warmer Weather

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

in northern China the negative effects of rising temperature on COVID-19 is counteracted by aggravated air pollution


Asymptomatic COVID: Silent, but Maybe Not Harmless

Question: what is known about people that have COVID-19 without any symptoms?

APs with COVID-19 still have certain period of viral shedding, which suggests the possibility of transmission during their asymptomatic period.


A central player in the fight against the novel coronavirus is our immune system.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.


heart attacks and strokes caused by blood clots appears to be the cause of death in some younger patients under the age of 50.

Question: how do people die from the coronavirus?

Lack of personal protective equipment was cited as a common cause of death.


Young adults are driving coronavirus infections and are likely spreading the virus to older, more vulnerable populations

Question: what are the mortality rates overall and in specific populations

As COVID-19 mortality occurs mainly in elderly and as Africa has a comparably young population, the death rates should be lower than on other continents. We calculated standardised mortality ratios (SMR) using age-specific case fatality rates for COVID-19 and the age structure of the population of Africa and of other continents. Compared to a European or Northern American population, the standardised mortality ratio was only 0.22 and 0.25, respectively, corresponding to reduction of deaths rates to a quarter. Compared to the Asian and Latin American & Caribbean population, the SMR was 0.43 and 0.44, respectively, corresponding to half the death rate for Africa.


Coronavirus deaths in people with diabetes Data from NHS England in May showed us that, for those who become so unwell with coronavirus that they need to go to hospital, the risk of dying is higher for people living with diabetes than people without the condition.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

COVID-19 patients with diabetes were more likely to develop severe or critical disease conditions with more complications, and had higher incidence rates of antibiotic therapy, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and death


The virus that causes COVID-19 appears to spread more efficiently than influenza but not as efficiently as measles, which is among the most contagious viruses known to affect people.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

social distancing and have seen slowing the spread of COVID-19.


young and healthy peope are in low risk with covid-19

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

stronger social distancing, e.g., cutting 75% of social ties, can reduce the outbreak by 75% for the C isolation, by 33% for the D isolation, and by 87% for the (C+D) isolation strategy.


young and healthy peope are in low risk with covid-19

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

Full lockdown policies in Western Europe countries have no evident impacts on the COVID-19 epidemic.


Consuming alcohol stimulates the immune system

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

Is drinking a healthy way of coping? No.


Consuming alcohol stimulates the immune system

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

Furthermore, students with greater perceived social support reported less alcohol consumption.


smokers were statistically less likely to be admitted for treatment for Covid-19.

Question: Can smoking help in preventing COVID-19?

Our findings support a causal effect of elevated BMI and smoking on risk of sepsis and severe covid-19.


High doses of Vitamin C effectively treat coronavirus.

Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Following a balanced diet and supplementation with proper nutrients may play a vital role in prevention, treatment, and management of COVID-19.


people develop abdominal discomfort or nausea when calcium gets too high

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

In Middle East, the recovery rate (r= 0.267) and mortality rate (r= -0.217) showed a medium correlation.


Vitamin D may improve odds of survival from COVID-19.

Question: Does Vitamin D impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

testing positive for COVID-19 was associated with increasing age(RR(age<50)=1.05,p<0.021;RR(age[]50)=1.02,p<0.064)), non-white race(RR=2.54,p<0.01) and being likely vitamin D deficient (deficient/treatment-not-increased:RR=1.77,p<0.02) as compared to likely vitamin D sufficient(not-deficient/treatment-not-decreased), with predicted COVID-19 rates in the vitamin D deficient group of 21.6%(95%CI[14.0%-29.2%] ) versus 12.2%(95%CI[8.9%-15.4%]) in the vitamin D sufficient group.


Question: Does Vitamin C impact COVID-19 prevention and treatment?

Following a balanced diet and supplementation with proper nutrients may play a vital role in prevention, treatment, and management of COVID-19.


Cannabis May Reduce Deadly COVID-19 Lung Inflammation

Question: Can smoking cannabis (weed) help in preventing COVID-19?

The recently discovered novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 virus), has brought the whole world to standstill with critical challenges, affecting both health and economic sectors worldwide.


Question: what evidence is there for dexamethasone as a treatment for COVID-19?

The efficacy of dexamethasone in preventing mortality in critical Covid-19 suggests that inflammation has a causal role in death.


there is also growing evidence that smaller particles called aerosols can hang in the air longer and travel farther.

Question: touching a contaminated surface will not make you sick

Frequent touching of contaminated surfaces in public areas is therefore a potential route of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.


diabetes more than doubles your risk of dying from coronavirus.

Question: what kinds of complications related to COVID-19 are associated with diabetes

Our data support the notion that diabetes should be considered as a risk factor for a rapid progression and bad prognosis of COVID-19.


Many experts believe that the rapid decline in certain COVID-19 patients, including those who need support from a ventilator, comes down to an individual's immune system

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

In this study, we collected blood from COVID-19 patients who have recently become virus-free and therefore were discharged, and analyzed their SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T cell responses. We observed SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity in the patients. Both were detected in newly discharged patients, suggesting both participate in immune-mediated protection to viral infection.


Coronaviruses are a large family of different viruses and have coexisted with humans for a long time. The leap from animals to humans, however, coronavirus is new

Question: what is the origin of COVID-19

Covid19 infection began in Wuhan (Hubei, China) in December, 2019.


There is currently not enough evidence to support the effectiveness of face shields for source control

Question: Can face masks protect me from the coronavirus disease?

Our results indicate that surgical face masks could prevent transmission of human coronaviruses and influenza viruses from symptomatic individuals.


Drinking alcohol won't reduce coronavirus risk

Question: Can drinking alcohol help in preventing COVID-19?

While it remains much too early to determine precisely how alcohol use might affect risk for or progression of COVID19, any efforts to connect the dots from past alcohol research would suggest it wise for nondrinkers and lowrisk drinkers to maintain that status during this public health crisis.


People who are infected but do not show symptoms can also spread the virus to others.

Question: has social distancing had an impact on slowing the spread of COVID-19?

The decentralized strategy is insufficient when used alone, but offers the best results when combined with the centralized one. Indeed, the (C+D) is the most efficient isolation strategy at mitigating the network superspreaders and reducing the highest node degrees to less than 10% of their initial values.


The new coronavirus may cause migraine attacks. Headaches in general may be a symptom. Learn more about the new coronavirus, migraine, and COVID-19 symptoms.

Question: Can acetaminophen (Tylenol) treat the coronavirus disease?

Preliminary evidence suggests potential benefit with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine.


Research shows COVID-19 is a multi-organ metabolic disease

Question: Which organs are most affected by COVID-19?

While COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, causing interstitial pneumonitis and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), it also affects multiple organs, particularly the cardiovascular system.


SARS-CoV-2, the official name of the virus that causes COVID-19, is spread by respiratory droplets produced when people breathe, talk, sneeze or cough.

Question: how does the coronavirus respond to changes in the weather

Temperature is the most influential parameter that reduces the growth at the rate of 13-16 cases/day with a 1{degrees}C rise in temperature


When the immune system's next stage kicked in, both adults and children made antibodies targeting the coronavirus.

Question: will SARS-CoV2 infected people develop immunity?

The number of these epitopes and the prevalence of the common coronaviruses suggest that a large part of the world population has some degree of specific immunity against SARS-CoV-2 already, even without having been infected by that virus.