Music is an expressive form of communication often used to convey emotion in scenarios where "words are not enough". Part of this information lies in the musical composition where well-defined language exists. However, a significant amount of information is added during a performance as the musician interprets the composition. The performer injects expressiveness into the written score through variations of different musical properties such as dynamics and tempo. In this paper, we describe a model that can learn to perform sheet music. Our research concludes that the generated performances are indistinguishable from a human performance, thereby passing a test in the spirit of a "musical Turing test".
@cite_13: Large music collections, ranging from thousands to millions of tracks, are unsuited to manual searching, motivating the development of automatic search methods. When different musicians perform the same underlying song or piece, these are known as cover' versions. We describe a system that attempts to identify such a relationship between music audio recordings. To overcome variability in tempo, we use beat tracking to describe each piece with one feature vector per beat. To deal with variation in instrumentation, we use 12-dimensional chroma' feature vectors that collect spectral energy supporting each semitone of the octave. To compare two recordings, we simply cross-correlate the entire beat-by-chroma representation for two tracks and look for sharp peaks indicating good local alignment between the pieces. Evaluation on several databases indicate good performance, including best performance on an independent international evaluation, where the system achieved a mean reciprocal ranking of 0.49 for true cover versions among top-10 returns.
Music plays an important role in many peoples' lives. Thus it is not surprising that several works focus on the complicated problem of music synthesis. Several attempts have been made at generating musical compositions. One of the earliest generative models, CONCERT'', was architected to compose simple melodies @cite_13 . However, the limitations of CONCERT were that it could not capture the global structure of music. The generated music was said to lack global coherence''. This is problematic as music has long-range dependencies. Based on the CONCERT model, tackled this problem by building a model that could learn longer-range dependencies.