Build accurate DNN models requires training on large labeled, context specific datasets, especially those matching the target scenario. We believe advances in wireless localization, working in unison with cameras, can produce automated annotation of targets on images and videos captured in the wild. Using pedestrian and vehicle detection as examples, we demonstrate the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of an automatic image annotation system. Our work calls for new technical development on passive localization, mobile data analytics, and error-resilient ML models, as well as design issues in user privacy policies.
@cite_42: Supervised learning techniques construct predictive models by learning from a large number of training examples, where each training example has a label indicating its ground-truth output. Though current techniques have achieved great success, it is noteworthy that in many tasks it is difficult to get strong supervision information like fully ground-truth labels due to the high cost of the data-labeling process. Thus, it is desirable for machine-learning techniques to work with weak supervision. This article reviews some research progress of weakly supervised learning, focusing on three typical types of weak supervision: incomplete supervision, where only a subset of training data is given with labels; inexact supervision, where the training data are given with only coarse-grained labels; and inaccurate supervision, where the given labels are not always ground-truth.
New Model Architecture. Transfer learning and semi-supervised learning use local labeled data to adapt well-trained generic models to new scenarios. Self-taught learning and unsupervised feature learning learn features from unlabeled data, but still require a sizable amount of labeled data to train the classifier. Finally, @cite_42 reduces labeling complexity by using coarse-grained labels ( e.g. , image-level labels without object bounding box), but has limited applicability. Our work differs by taking a different (and complementary) perspective, i.e. removing labeling overhead via automation.