Effective monitoring and management of environment pollution is key to the development of modern metropolitan cities. To sustain and to cope with the exponential growth of the cities with high industrialization, expert decision making is very essential in this process. A good governance system must be supported by an actively participating population. In participatory sensing, individuals and groups engages in the data collection actively and the helps the city governance to make proper decisions. In this paper, we propose a participatory sensing based three-tier framework to fight environment pollution in urban areas of Bangladesh. The framework includes an android application named My City, My Environment', a server for storage and computation and also a web server for the authority to monitor and maintain environmental issues through expert decision making. We have already developed a prototype system and deployed it to a small scale and demonstrated the effectiveness of this framework.
@cite_30: This paper describes the environmental project called www.ZmapujTo.cz which is intended to fight against illegal waste dumps in the Czech Republic with the use of geographic information systems (GIS). A smartphone tablet GIS reporting application ZmapujTo has been developed. This freely available mobile application makes it possible to report illegal dumps and also overloaded containers of municipal waste. The project ZmapujTo is intended for public institutions, municipalities, all people who do not like illegal dumping in their cities, villages, countryside and forests, especially if they want to do something against people's bad environmental behaviour. Users of this mobile GIS application can report an illegal dump quickly and easily thanks to the use of their smartphones tablets. Therefore, anybody can use the interactive public website form to report an illegal dump in the Czech Republic. The objective of this project is to contribute to the solution of the problem of environmental pollution by illegal dumps in the Czech Republic by making available a modern, effective and widespread GIS platform for their monitoring.
@cite_14: Poor air quality is a global health issue, causing serious problems like asthma, cancer, and heart disease around the world. Earlier this decade, the World Health Organization estimated that three million people die each year from the effects of air pollution [6]. Unfortunately, while variations in air quality are significant, today's air quality monitors are very sparsely deployed. To address this visibility gap, the Common Sense project is developing participatory sensing systems that allow individuals to measure their personal exposure, groups to aggregate their members' exposure, and activists to mobilize grassroots community action.
@cite_8: Citizen science projects can collect a wealth of scientific data, but that data is only helpful if it is actually used. While previous citizen science research has mostly focused on designing effective capture interfaces and incentive mechanisms, in this paper we explore the application of HCI methods to ensure that the data itself is useful. To provide a focus for this exploration we designed and implemented Creek Watch, an iPhone application and website that allow volunteers to report information about waterways in order to aid water management programs. Working with state and local officials and private groups involved in water monitoring, we conducted a series of contextual inquiries to uncover what data they wanted, what data they could immediately use, and how to most effectively deliver that data to them. We iteratively developed the Creek Watch application and website based on our findings and conducted evaluations of it with both contributors and consumers of water data, including scientists at the city water resources department. Our study reveals that the data collected is indeed useful for their existing practices and is already in use in water and trash management programs. Our results suggest the application of HCI methods to design the data for the end users is just as important as their use in designing the user interface.
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@cite_32: Informal urban infrastructures are a challenging environment for participatory design, both from an organizational and technical perspective. In this paper we reflect on a recent research project involving participatory sensing and design of participatory technologies for informal recycling cooperatives. We collaborated with COOPAMARE, a cooperative in central Sao Paulo, Brazil, on two goals: to map their spatial organization of waste collection, and to develop software tools for coordinating with clients and planning operations. We discuss how GPS tracking, web-based mapping, and mobile applications allow cooperatives to collect, manage, and interpret spatial data themselves, and to redesign their own system collaboratively with others. We argue for applying participatory design in international development projects, which often neglect design aspects, and discuss the social, economic and technical contexts that impact design.
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@cite_13: The recent wave of sensor-rich, Internet-enabled, smart mobile devices such as the Apple iPhone has opened the door for a novel paradigm for monitoring the urban landscape known as participatory sensing. Using this paradigm, ordinary citizens can collect multi-modal data streams from the surrounding environment using their mobile devices and share the same using existing communication infrastructure (e.g., 3G service or WiFi access points). The data contributed from multiple participants can be combined to build a spatiotemporal view of the phenomenon of interest and also to extract important community statistics. Given the ubiquity of mobile phones and the high density of people in metropolitan areas, participatory sensing can achieve an unprecedented level of coverage in both space and time for observing events of interest in urban spaces. Several exciting participatory sensing applications have emerged in recent years. For example, GPS traces uploaded by drivers and passengers can be used to generate realtime traffic statistics. Similarly, street-level audio samples collected by pedestrians can be aggregated to create a citywide noise map. In this talk, we will provide a comprehensive overview of this new and exciting paradigm and outline the major research challenges.
@cite_12: This article presents P-Sense, a participatory sensing application for air pollution monitoring and control. The paper describes in detail the system architecture and individual components of a successfully implemented application. In addition, the paper points out several other research-oriented problems that need to be addressed before these applications can be effectively implemented in practice, in a large-scale deployment. Security, privacy, data visualization and validation, and incentives are part of our work-in-progress activities
Environment pollution is an area where participatory sensing can play a lead role in data collection and management @cite_13 . Effective waste management in urban area is handled in @cite_32 @cite_30 . The air quality control or monitoring applications often comes with low cost sensors interfaced with mobile phones or devices. Such examples are Gas-Mobile @cite_2 , Common Sense @cite_14 and P-sense @cite_12 . An air temperature monitoring system was proposed in @cite_16 that collects air temperature from the temperature of the mobile phone batteries. A successful application of crowd-sourcing and participatory sensing in water monitoring in World Water monitoring challenge http: www.monitorwater.org . It includes 1458517 participants from 142 countries in the world reporting 70,927 water bodies @cite_5 . Creek Watch @cite_8 uses iPhone application to employ users to aid water management. Iphone camera is also used in reporting water quality in @cite_9 .