Avis juridique important

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31993L0085

Council Directive 93/85/EEC of 4 October 1993 on the control of potato ring rot

Official Journal L 259 , 18/10/1993 P. 0001 - 0025 Finnish special edition: Chapter 3 Volume 53 P. 0036  Swedish special edition: Chapter 3 Volume 53 P. 0036

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 93/85/EEC of 4 October 1993 on the control of potato ring rotTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 43 thereof,  Having regard to the proposal from the Commission(1) ,  Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(2) ,  Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee(3) ,  Whereas potato production occupies an important place in Community agriculture; whereas the potato yield is constantly threatened by harmful organisms;  Whereas, through the protection of potato cultivation against such harmful organisms, not only should productive capacity be maintained but agricultural productivity should also be increased;  Whereas protective measures to prevent the introduction of harmful organisms into the territory of a Member State would have only a limited effect were such organisms not controlled simultaneously and methodically throughout the Community and not  prevented from spreading;  Whereas one of the harmful organisms on potatoes is Clavibacter michiganensis (Smith) Davis et al. ssp. sepedonicus (Spieckermann et Kotthoff) Davis et al., the pathogenic agent of the potato ring rot disease; whereas this disease has occurred in some  parts of the Community and some limited sources of infection still exist;  Whereas there is a considerable risk to potato cultivation throughout the Community if effective measures are not taken to locate this disease and determine its distribution, to prevent it from occurring and spreading, and, if found, to prevent its  spread and to control it with the aim of eradication;  Whereas, in order to ensure this, certain measures must be taken within the Community; whereas Member States must, in addition, be able to take additional or stricter measures where necessary, provided that there is no hindrance to the movement of  potatoes within the Community, except in so far as laid down in Council Directive 77/93/EEC of 21 December 1976 on protective measures against the introduction into the Member States of organisms harmful to plants or plant products(4) ; whereas such  measures must be notified to the other Member States and to the Commission;  Whereas Council Directive 80/665/EEC of 24 June 1980 on the control of potato ring rot(5) , laid down minimum measures to be taken by the Member States against potato ring rot;  Whereas, since then, there have been significant developments in the understanding of potato ring rot disease and the detection of the potato ring rot pathogen;  Whereas the application of the Community plant health regime to the Community as an area without internal frontiers has called for the re-examination and revision of some provisions of Directive 80/665/EEC;  Whereas, as a result of such re-examination, the provisions of Directive 80/665/EEC have been found insufficient, and further specification of measures is necessary;  Whereas, in that situation, Directive 80/665/EEC should be repealed and the necessary measures adopted;  Whereas the measures have to take into account, first, that the disease can remain latend and unobserved both in the growing crop and in stored tubers, and so can be effectively prevented only by production and use of seed potatoes free from infection  and, secondly, that systematic official surveys are necessary to locate it; whereas spread of the pathogen within the growing crop is not the most important factor, but whereas the pathogen can exist through the winter in self-sown (volunteer) potato  plants and these are the major source of infection being carried from one season to the next; whereas the pathogen is spread mainly by the contamination of potatoes through contact with infected potatoes and through contact with planting, harvesting and  handling equipment or transport and storage containers which have become contaminated with the organism by previous contact with infected potatoes; whereas such contaminated objects can remain infectious for some time after such contamination; whereas  spread of the pathogen can be reduced or prevented by disinfection of such objects; whereas any such contamination of seed potatoes poses a major risk for the spread of the pathogen;  Whereas, for the determination of the details of such general measures, as well as for those stricter or additional measures taken by Member States to prevent the introduction of the pathogen into their territory, it is desirable for Member States to  cooperate closely with the Commission within the Standing Committee of Plant Health (hereinafter referred to as 'the Committee'),  HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:   Article 1  The Directive concerns the measures to be taken within the Member States against Clavibacter michiganensis (Smith) Davis et al. ssp. sepedonicus (Spieckermann et Kotthoff) Davis et al., the cause of potato ring rot (hereinafter referred to as  'the organism'), in order to:  (a) locate it and determine its distribution;  (b) prevent its occurrence and spread; and (c) if found, to prevent its spread and to control it with the aim of eradication.   Article 2  1.  Member States shall conduct systematic official surveys for the organism on tubers and, where appropriate, on plants of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) originating in their territory, for the confirmation of absence of the organism.  For these surveys, in the case of tubers samples of both seed and other potatoes shall be taken, preferably from lots in store and subjected to official or officially supervised laboratory testing using the method set out in Annex I for the detection  and diagnosis of the organism. In addition, where appropriate, official or officially supervised visual inspection by cutting of tubers on other samples may be done.  In the case of plants, these surveys shall be carried out according to appropriate methods and the samples shall be subjected to appropriate official or officially supervised testing.  The number, origin, stratification and timing of collection of samples shall be decided by the responsible official bodies within the meaning of Directive 77/93/EEC based on sound scientific and statistical principles and the biology of the organism,  and taking into account the particular potato production systems of the Member States concerned. The details thereof shall be submitted annually to the other Member States and the Commission, with a view to ensuring comparable levels of assurance  between Member States for confirmation of the absence of the organism.  2.  The results of the official surveys provided for in paragraph 1 shall be notified at least once a year to the other Member States and to the Commission. The details of this notification shall be confidential. They may be submitted to the Committee  in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC.  3.  The following provisions may be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC;  - the details of surveys provided for in paragraph 1 above, to be carried out in accordance with sound scientific and statistical principles,  - the details of the notification provided for in paragraph 2 above.  4.  The following provisions shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC:  - the appropriate method for the surveys and the testing provided for in the third subparagraph of paragraph 1 above.   Article 3  Member States shall ensure that the suspected occurrence or confirmed presence of the organism, in potato plants and tubers or harvested, stored or marketed tubers in their territory shall be reported to their own responsible official bodies.    Article 4  1.  In cases of suspected occurrence, the responsible official bodies of the Member State in which these cases have been reported shall ensure completion of official or officially supervised laboratory testing, using the method set out in  Annex I, and in accordance with the conditions specified in point 1 of Annex II, in order to confirm or refute the suspected occurrence. In the former case, the requirements laid down in point 2 of Annex II shall apply.  2.  Pending the confirmation or refutation of the suspected occurrence under paragraph 1, in those cases of suspect occurrence where, either:  (i) suspect diagnostic visual symptoms of the disease have been seen; or,  (ii) a positive immunofluorescence test as specified in Annex I or other appropriate positive test has been identified,  the responsible official bodies of the Member States shall:  (a) prohibit the movement of all lots or consignments from which the samples have been taken, except under their control and provided that it has been established that there is no identifiable risk of the organism spreading;  (b) take steps to trace the origin of the suspected occurrence;  (c) introduce appropriate additional precautionary measures based on the level of estimated risk, in order to prevent any spread of the organism. These measures may include the official control of the movement of all other tubers or plants within or off  premises associated with the suspected occurrence.  3.  The following provision may be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC:  - the measures referred to in paragraph 2 (c) above.  4.  The following provision shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC:  - the other appropriate test provided for in paragraph 2 (ii) above;   Article 5  1.  If official or officially supervised laboratory testing using the method set out in Annex I confirms the presence of the organism in a sample of tubers, plants, or parts of plants, the responsible official bodies of a Member State, having  regard to sound scientific principles, the biology of the organism and the particular production, marketing and processing systems in that Member State shall:  (a) designate as contaminated the tubers or plants, consignment and/or lot, and the machinery, vehicle, vessel, store, or units thereof, and any other objects including packaging material, from which the sample was taken, and, where appropriate, the  place(s) of production and field(s) from which the tubers or plants were harvested;  (b) determine, taking into account the provisions of point 1 of Annex III, the extent of probable contamination through pre- or post-harvest contact or through production link with the designated contamination;  (c) demarcate a zone on the basis of the designation of contamination under (a), the determination of the extent of probable contamination under (b), and the possible spread of the organism, taking into account the provisions of point 2 of Annex III.  2.  Member States shall immediately notify the other Member States and the Commission, in accordance with the provisions of point 3 of Annex III, of any contamination designated under paragraph 1 (a) and the details of the zone demarcation under  paragraph 1 (c).  The details of this notification shall be confidential. They may be submitted to the Committee in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC.  3.  As a result of the notification under paragraph 2 and the elements mentioned therein, other Member States detailed in the notification shall, as appropriate, designate contamination, determine the extent of probable contamination and demarcate a  zone, in accordance with paragraph 1 (a), (b) and (c) respectively.   Article 6  Member States shall prescribe that where tubers or plants have been designated to be contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a), testing in accordance with Article 4 (1) shall be carried out on potato stocks which are clonally related to those  involved in the contamination. The testing shall be carried out on as many such tubers or plants as are needed to determine the probable primary source of infection and the extent of the probable contamination, preferably in order of degree of risk.  As a result of the testing, further designation of contamination, determination of the extent of probable contamination and demarcation of a zone shall be conducted, as appropriate, under Articles 5 (1) (a), (b) and (c) respectively.   Article 7  1.  Member States shall prescribe that tubers or plants, designated to be contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a) may not be planted and that, under the control of their responsible official bodies, they shall be:  - destroyed, or - otherwise disposed of, subject to officially supervised measure(s), in accordance with the provisions of point 1 of Annex IV, provided that it is established that there is no identifiable risk of the organism spreading.  2.  Member States shall prescribe that tubers or plants determined as probably contaminated under Article 5 (1) (b) may not be planted and, without prejudice to the outcome of the testing referred to in Article 6 for clonally related stocks shall, under  the control of their responsible official bodies, be put to appropriate use or disposal as specified in point 2 of Annex IV, in such a way that it is established that there is no identifiable risk of the organism spreading.  3.  Member States shall prescribe that any machinery, vehicle, vessel, store, or units thereof, and any other objects including packaging material, designated as contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a) or determined as probably contaminated under Article 5  (1) (b), shall either be destroyed or cleansed and disinfected using appropriate methods as specified in point 3 of Annex IV. After disinfection, any such objects shall no longer be considered contaminated.  4.  Without prejudice to the measures implemented under paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, Member States shall prescribe that, in the zone demarcated under Article 5 (1) (c), a series of measures, as specified in point 4 of Annex IV, shall be implemented.   Article 8  1.  Member States shall prescribe that seed potatoes shall meet the requirements of Directive 77/93/EEC and shall derive in direct line from material obtained under an officially approved programme which has been found free of the organism in  official or officially supervised testing using the method set out in Annex I.  The aforesaid testing shall be carried out:  - in cases where the contamination affects seed potato production, on the plants of the initial clonal selection,  - in other cases, either on the plants of the initial clonal selection or on representative samples of the basic seed potatoes or earlier propagations.  2.  The following provisions may be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC:  - the detailed rules of application of the first indent of the second subparagraph of paragraph 1 of this Article,  - the rules concerning the representative samples provided for in the second indent of the second subparagraph of paragraph 1 of this Article.   Article 9  Member States shall ban the holding and handling of the organism.   Article 10  Without prejudice to the provisions of Directive 77/93/EEC, Member States may authorize derogations from the measures referred to in Articles 6, 7 and 9 of this Directive for experimental or scientific purposes, and for work on varietal  selection, provided that such derogations do not prejudice the control of the organism and create no risk of spread of the organism.   Article 11  Member States may adopt such additional or stricter measures as may be required to combat the organism or to prevent it from spreading, in so far as they are in compliance with the provisons of Directive 77/93/EEC.  The additional measures mentioned in the first subparagraph may include the prescription that only seed potatoes may be planted that are either officially certified or officially inspected to meet the required plant health standards. The latter may  apply in particular in case farmers are authorized to use, on their own holding, seed potatoes which they have obtained from their own harvest and in other cases that own-produced seed potatoes are planted.  The details of these measures shall be notified to the other Member States and to the Commission.   Article 12  Amendments to the Annexes to this Directive, to be made in the light of developments in scientific or technical knowledge, shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 16a of Directive 77/93/EEC.   Article 13  1.  By 15 November 1993 Member States shall adopt and publish the provisions necessary to comply with this Directive. They shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.  When Member States adopt these provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference at the time of their official publication. The procedure for making such reference shall be adopted by Member States.  Member States shall apply these provisions from 16 November 1993.  2.  Member States shall immediately communicate to the Commission all provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive. The Commission shall inform the other Member States thereof.   Article 14  Directive 80/665/EEC is hereby repealed with effect from 16 November 1993.   Article 15  This Directive is addressed to the Member States.  Done at Luxembourg, 4 October 1993.  For the Council The President W. CLAES  (1) OJ No C 93, 2. 4. 1993, p. 12.  (2) OJ No C 176, 28. 6. 1993, p. 210.  (3) OJ No C 161, 14. 6. 1993, p. 18.  (4) OJ No L 26, 31. 1. 1977, p. 20. Directive as last amended by Commission Directive 92/103/EEC (OJ No L 363, 11. 12. 1992, p. 1).  (5) OJ No L 180, 14. 7. 1980, p. 30.     ANNEX I  METHOD FOR THE DETECTION AND DIAGNOSIS OF THE RING ROT BACTERIUM, CLAVIBACTER MICHIGANENSIS (Smith) Davis et al. ssp. SEPEDONICUS (Spieckermann et Kotthof) Davis et al. IN BATCHES OF POTATO TUBERS  1. Removal of heel-end cores 1.1. Wash 200 tubers in running tap water and remove the epidermis around the heel end of each tuber using a regularly disinfected scalpel or potato peeler; disinfection may be achieved by dipping the peeler in 70 % ethanol and flaming.  1.2. Carefully remove conical tissue cores from the heel ends with a knife or potato peeler. Keep the excess non-vascular tissue to a minimum. Once removed, heel ends should be processed within 24 hours (see paragraph 3) or conserved at -20°C for no  longer than two weeks.  2. Visual examination for ring rot symptoms After removal of heel ends, cut each tuber transversely and observe for the presence of ring rot symptoms.  Squeeze the tubers and look for expression of macerated tissues from the vascular tissue.  The earliest symptoms are a slight glassiness or translucence of the tissue without softening round the vascular system, particularly near the heel end. The vascular ring at the heel end may be slightly darker in colour than normal. The first readily  identifiable symptom is one whereby the vascular ring has a yellowish coloration and when the tuber is gently squeezed, pillars of cheese-like material emerge from the vessels. This exudation contains millions of bacteria. Browning of the vascular  tissue may develop at this stage. At first, these symptoms may be restricted to one part of the ring, not necessarily close to the heel end and may gradually extend to the whole ring. As the infection progresses, destruction of the vascular tissue  occurs; the outer cortex may become separated from the inner cortex. In advanced stages of infection, cracks appear on the surface of the tuber, which are often reddish-brown at their margins. Secondary fungal or bacterial invasion may mask the symptoms  and it may be difficult, if not impossible, to distinguish advanced ring rot symptoms from other tuber rots.  3. Preparation of samples for Gram staining, immunofluorescence staining (IF) and eggplant test 3.1. Homogenize the heel ends until complete maceration has just been achieved in a diluent known to be non-toxic to Corynebacterium sepedonicum (for example, 0,05 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS) pH 7,0) at a temperature of less than 30°C; the  addition of a non-toxic deflocculant is advisable and non-toxic antifoam agent may be needed (Appendices 1 and 2). Excessive maceration should be avoided.  3.2. Extract bacteria from the homogenate by one of the methods as follows(1) :  A. (a) Centrifuge at not more than 180 g for 10 minutes.  (b) Centrifuge supernatant at not less than 4 000 g for 10 minutes. Decant and discard the supernatant.  B. (a) Allow the macerate to stand for 30 minutes for the tissue debris to settle. Decant the supernatant without disturbing the sediment.  (b) Filter the supernatant through filter paper (Whatman No 1) held in a sintered glass filter (No 2 = 40-100mm) using a water vacuum pump. Collect the filtrate in a centrifuge tube. Wash the filter with sterile PBS to a maximum filtrate volume of 35  ml.  (c) Centrifuge filtrate at not less than 4 000 g for 20 minutes.  3.3. Suspend the pellet in sterile 0,01 M phosphate buffer pH 7,2 (Appendix 2) to give a total volume of approximately 1 ml. Divide in two equal parts and retain one part for reference purposes by freezing at -20 °C(2)  or by lyophilization. Divide the  other part into halves using one half for the IF test and Gram stain and the other for the eggplant test.  3.4. It is imperative that all positive C. sepedonicum controls and samples are treated separately to avoid contamination. This applies to IF slides and to eggplant tests.  4. Gram staining 4.1. Prepare Gram stains for all pellet dilutions (5.2.1) and for any cut tubers (2) which show glassiness, rotting or other suspect symptoms. Samples should be taken from the edge of diseased tissues.  4.2. Prepare Gram stains for known C. sepedonicum cultures and, if possible, for naturally infected tissue (5.1).  4.3. Determine which samples contain typical Gram positive coryneform cells. In general, C. sepedonicum cells are 0,8 to 1,2mm long and 0,4 to 0,60mm wide.  An appropriate staining procedure is given in Appendix 3.  Preparations from natural infections or recently isolated cultures often show a predominance of coccoid rods which are usually slightly smaller than cells from oder agar cultures. On most culture media, C. sepedonicum cells are pleomorphic coryneform  rods and may give a variable Gram reaction. Cells are single, in pairs with characteristic 'elbows' typical of bending division, and occasionally in irregular groups often referred to as palisades and Chinese letters.  5. Scheme for IF-testing 5.1. Use antiserum to a known strain of C. sepedonicum - ATCC 33113 (NCPPB 2137), or NCPPB 2140. This should have an IF titre of more than 1:600. Include one PBS control on the test slide to determine whether the fluorescein isothiocyanate anti-rabbit  immunoglobulin conjugate (FITC) combines non-specifically with bacterial cells. Corynebacterium sepedonicum (ATCC 33113 (NCPPB 2137), NCPPB 2140) should be used as homologous antigen controls on a separate slide. Naturally infected tissue (maintained by  lyophilization or freezing at -20°C) should be used where possible as a similar control on the same slide (Figure 2).  5.2. Procedure 5.2.1. Prepare three serial ten fold dilutions (101, 102, 103) of the final pellet in distilled water (Figure 1).  5.2.2. Pipette a measured standard volume sufficient to cover the window (approximately 25 ml) of each pellet dilution or C. sepedonicum suspension (approximately 106 cells/ml) to windows of a multispot slide as shown in Figure 1.  5.2.4. Cover appropriate windows which C. sepedonicum antiserum at the recommended dilutions, 0,01 M PBS pH 7,2 (Appendix 2), as shown in Figure 1. (Use PBS for the FITC control.) The working dilution of the antiserum should be approximately half that  of the IF titre. If other antiserum dilutions are to be included, separate slides should be prepared for each dilution to be used.  5.2.5. Incubate in a humid chamber at ambient temperature for 30 minutes.  5.2.6. Rinse carefully with 0,01 M PBS pH 7,2. Wash for five minutes in three changes of 0,01 M PBS pH 7,2.  5.2.7. Carefully remove excess moisture.  5.2.8. Cover each window with FITC conjugate at the same dilution used to determine the titre and incubate in a dark humid chamber at ambient temperature for 30 minutes.  5.2.9. Rinse and wash as before.  5.2.10. Apply approximately 5 to 10 ml of 0,1 M phosphate buffered glycerine pH 7,6 (or a similar mountant with a pH not less than 7,6) to each window and cover with a coverglass (Appendix 2).  5.2.11. Examine with a microscope fitted with an epifluorescent light source and filters suitable for working with FITC. A magnification of 400 to 1 000 is suitable. Scan replicated windows across two diameters at right angles and around the window  perimeters.  Observe for fluorescing cells in the positive controls and determine the titre. Observe for fluorescing cells in the FITC/PBS control window and, if absent, proceed to the test windows. Determine in a minimum of 10 microscope fields the mean number of  morphologically typical fluorescing cells per field and calculate the number per ml of undiluted pellet (Appendix 4).  There are several problems inherent to the immunofluorescence test.  - Background populations of fluorescing cells with atypical morphology and cross reacting saprophytic bacteria with size and morphology similar to Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus are likely to occur in potato pellets. Consider only  fluorescing cells with typical size and morphology.  Because of the possibility of cross-reactions, samples with a positive immunoflorescence test should be retested using a different antiserum.  - The technical limit of detection of this method is situated between 103 and 104 cells per ml of undiluted pellet. Samples with counts of IF typical cells at the detection limit are usually negative for C. m. ssp. sepedonicus but may be committed to  eggplant testing.  A negative immunofluorescence test is identified for any sample where morphologically typical fluorescing cells are not found. The samples shall be considered as 'not contaminated' with Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus.  The eggplant test is not required.  A positive immunofluorescence test is identified for any sample where morphologically typical fluorescing cells are found.  Samples for which a positive immunofluorescence test have been identified with both antisera shall be considered as 'potentially contaminated' with Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus.  The eggplant test is required for all samples considered as potentially contaminated.  6. Eggplant test For cultural details, see Appendix 5.  6.1. Distribute the pellet from 3.3 between at least 25 eggplants at leaf stage 3 (Appendix 5) by one of the methods given below (6.2, 6.3 or 6.4).  6.2. Slit inoculation I 6.2.1. Support each pot horizontally (a block of expanded polystyrene with a piece 5 cm deep × 10 cm wide × 15 cm long, removed from one surface (Figure 3) is adequate for a 10 cm pot). A strip of sterile aluminium foil should be placed between the stem  and the block for each sample tested. The plant may be held in place by a rubber band around the block.  6.2.2. Using a scalpel, make a longitudinal or slightly diagonal cut 0,5 to 1,0 cm long and approximately three quarters of the stem diameter deep, between the cotyledons and the first leaf.  6.2.3. Hold the slit open with the scalpel blade point and paint the inoculum into it using an eyeliner or fine artist's brush charged with the pellet. Distribute the remainder of the pellet between the eggplants.  6.2.4. Seal the cut with sterile vaseline from a 2 ml syringe barrel.  6.3. Slit inoculation II 6.3.1. Holding the plant between two fingers, pipette a drop (approximately 5 to 10 ml) of the suspended pellet on the stem between the cotyledons and the first leaf.  6.3.2. Using a sterile scalpel, make a diagonal (at an angle of approximately 5°) slit, 1,0 cm long and approximately 2/3 of the stem thickness deep, starting the cut from the pellet drop.  6.3.3. Seal the cut with sterile vaseline from a syringe barrel.  6.4. Syringe inoculation 6.4.1. Do not water eggplants for one day prior to inoculation to reduce turgor pressure.  6.4.2. Inoculate the eggplant stems just above the cotyledons using a syringe fitted with a hypodermic needle (not less than 23G). Distribute the pellet between the eggplants.  6.5. Inoculate 25 plants with a known C. sepedonicum culture and, where possible, naturally infected tuber tissue (5.1) by the same inoculation method (6.2, 6.3 or 6.4).  6.6. Inoculate 25 plants with sterile 0,05 M PBS by the same inoculation method (6.2, 6.3 or 6.4).  6.7. Incubate the plants in appropriate conditions (Appendix 5) for 40 days. Examine regularly for symptoms after eight days. Count the number of plants showing symptoms. C. sepedonicum causes leaf wilting in eggplants which may commence as a marginal  or interveinal flaccidity. Wilted tissue may initially appear dark green or mottled but turns paler before becoming necrotic. Interveinal wilts often have a greasy water-soaked appearance. Necrotic tissue often has a bright yellow margin. Plants are not  necessarily killed; the longer the period before symptoms develop, the greater the chance of survival. Plants may outgrow the infection. Susceptible young eggplants are much more sensitive to low populations of C. sepedonicum than are older plants,  hence the necessity to use plants at or just before leaf stage 3.  Wilts may also be induced by populations of other bacteria or fungi present in the tuber tissue pellet. These include Erwinia carotovora, subsp. carotovora and E. carotovora subsp. atroseptica, Phoma exigua var. foveata, as well as large populations of  saprophytic bacteria. Such wilts can be distinguished from those caused by C. sepedonicum since whole leaves or whole plants wilt rapidly.  6.8. Prepare a Gram stain (4) for all batches of eggplants showing symptoms, using sections of wilted leaf tissue and stem tissue from plants and isolate on to suitable nutrient media (7). Surface disinfect the eggplant leaves and stems by wiping with  70 % ethanol.  6.9. Under certain circumstances, in particular where growing conditions are not optimal, it may be possible for C. sepedonicum to exist as a latent infection within eggplants even after incubation for 40 days. Such infections may possibly result in  stunting and lack of vigour in the inoculated plants. If the IF test is considered positive, it may be considered necessary to test further. It is, therefore, essential to compare the growth rates of all eggplant test plants with the sterile 0,05 M PBS  inoculated controls and to monitor the environmental conditions of the glasshouse.  Recommendations for further testing are as follows:  6.9.1. excise the stems above the inoculation site and remove the leaves;  6.9.2. macerate the stems in 0,05 M PBS pH 7,0, as in 3.1 to 3.2;  6.9.3. use half of the pellet to perform a Gram stain (4) and an IF test (5);  6.9.4. use the other half to perform a further eggplant test (6) if the Gram stain and/or IF tests are positive. Use a known C. sepedonicum culture and sterile 0,05M PBS controls. If symptoms are not observed in the subsequent test, the sample must be  considered negative.  7. Isolation of C. sepedonicum Diagnosis can only be confirmed if C. sepedonicum is isolated and so identified (8). Although C. sepedonicum is a fastidious organism, it can be isolated from symptomatic tissue. However, it may be outgrown by rapidly growing saprophytic bacteria and,  therefore, isolations directly from the tuber tissue pellet (3.3) are not recommended. Eggplants provide an excellent selective enrichment medium for the growth of C. sepedonicum and also provide an excellent confirmatory host test.  Isolations should be made from all symptomatic potato tubers and eggplants (4, 6). Maceration of eggplant stems when necessary should be carried out as in 3. and 6.9.  7.1. Streak suspensions on to one of the following media: (formulae are given in Appendix 6):  nutrient dextrose agar (for subculture only),  yeast peptone glucose agar,  nutrient yeast dextrose agar,  yeast extract mineral salts agar.  Incubate at 21°C for up to 20 days.  C. sepedonicum is slow-growing, usually producing pin-point, cream, domed colonies within 10 days.  Re-streak to establish purity.  Growth rates are improved with subculture. Typical colonies are creamy-white or ivory, rounded, smooth, raised, convex-domed, mucoid-fluidal, with entire edges and usually 1 to 3 mm in diameter.  Identification Many Gram positive coryneform bacteria, with colonial characters similar to those of C. sepedonicum, may be isolated from healthy or diseased potatoes and eggplants. In this context C. sepedonicum must be identified by the following tests:  IF test (5.1),  eggplant test,  nutrition and physiological tests (Appendix 7),  - oxidation/fermentation test (O/F),  - oxidase test,  - growth at 37°C,  - urease production,  - aesculin hydrolysis,  - starch hydrolysis,  - tolerance of 7 % sodium chloride solution,  - indole test,  - catalase test,  - H28 production,  - citrate utilization,  - gelatin hydrolysis - acid from: glycerol, lactose, rhamnose and salicin,  - Gram stain.  All tests should include a known C. sepedonicum control. Nutritional and physiological tests should be made using inocula from nutrient agar subcultures. Morphological comparisons should be made from nutrient dextrose agar cultures.  For the IF test, cell populations should be adjusted to 106 cells/ml. The IF titre should be similar to that of the known C. sepedonicum culture.  For the eggplant test cell populations should be adjusted to c 107 cells/ml. Eggplant tests should be made using 10 plants for each of the test organisms, again using known C. sepedonicum culture and sterile water controls; with pure cultures typical  wilting should be obtained within 20 days but plants not showing symptons after this time should be incubated for a total of 30 days at temperatures conducive to eggplant growth but not exceeding 30°C (Appendix 5). If after 30 days symptoms are not  present, the culture cannot be confirmed as being a pathogenic form of Corynebacterium sepedonicum.  Test C. sepedonicum O/F Inert or weakly oxidative Oxidase - Catalase + Nitrate reduction - Urease activity - H2S production - Indole production - Citrate utilization - Starch hydrolysis - or weak Growth at 37° - Growth in 7 % NaCl - Gelatin hydrolysis - Aesculin hydrolysis + Acid from:  - Glycerol - - Lactose - or weak - Rhamnose - - Salicin -  Appendix 1  FORMULATION OF MACERATING FLUID RECOMMENDED BY LELLIOTT AND SELLAR, 1976 D C silicone antifoam MS A compound (Hopkins &  Williams Ltd, Cat. No 9964-25, Chadwell Heath, Essex, England) 10 ml Lubrol W flakes (ICI Ltd) 0,5 gTetra-sodium pyrophosphate 1 g 0,05 M phosphate buffered saline pH 7,0 (Appendix 2) 1 litre  Appendix 2  BUFFERS 0,05 M phosphate buffered saline pH 7,0 This buffer can be used for tuber tissue maceration (2.1) Na2HPO4 4,26 g KH2PO4 2,72 g NaCl 8,0 g Distilled water to 1 litre 0,01 M phosphate buffered saline pH 7,2 This buffer is used for diluting antisera and washing IF slides Na2HPO4 12 H2O 2,7 g NaH2PO4 2 H2O 0,4 g NaCl 8,0 g Distilled water to 1 litre 0,1 M phosphate buffered glycerine pH 7,6 This buffer is used as a mountant to enhance fluorescence in the IF test Na2HPO4 12 H2O 3,2 g NaH2PO4 2 H2O 0,15 g Glycerol 50 ml Distilled water 100 ml  Appendix 3  GRAM STAIN PROCEDURE (HUCKER'S MODIFICATION) (DOETSCH, 1981) Crystal violet solution Dissolve 2 g crystal violet in 20 ml 95 % ethanol.  Dissolve 0,8 g ammonium oxalate in 80 ml distilled water.  Mix the two solutions.  Lugol's iodine Iodine 1 g Potassium iodide 2 g Distilled water 300 ml.  Grind the solids together in a pestle and mortar. Add to the water and stir to dissolve in a closed container.  Safranin counterstain solution Stock solution:  Safranin O 2,5 g 95 % ethanol 100 ml.  Mix and store.  Dilute: 1:10 to obtain a working solution.  Staining procedure 1. Prepare smears, air dry and heat fix.  2. Flood slide with crystal violet solution for one minute.  3. Wash briefly with tap water.  4. Flood with Lugol's iodine for one minute.  5. Wash with tap water and blot dry.  6. Decolourize with 95 % ethanol, added dropwise, until no further colour is removed or immerse with gentle agitation for 30 seconds.  7. Wash in tap water and blot dry.  8. Flood with safranin solution for 10 seconds.  9. Wash with tap water and blot dry.  Gram positive bacteria stain violet-blue; Gram negative bacteria stain pink-red.    Appendix 4  DETERMINATION OF POPULATION OF IF-POSITIVE CELLS Surface area (S) of window of multispot slide p (1) Where D = diameter of window.  Surface area(s) of objective field p (2) where d = diameter of field.  Calculate d either by direct measurement or from the following formulae:  p (3) where i = field coefficient (depends upon ocular type and varies from 8 to 24),  K = tube coefficient (1 or 1,25),  G = magnification of 100×, 40× etc) objective,  from (2) d = pfrom (3) ppCount the number of typical fluorescent cells per field (c).  Calculate the number of typical fluorescent cells per window (C).   Calculate the number of typical fluorescent cells per ml pellet (N)  where y = volume of pellet on window,  where F = pellet dilution factor.   Appendix 5  EGGPLANT CULTURE Sow seeds of eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Black Beauty) in pasteurized seed compost. Transplant seedlings with fully expanded cotyledons (10 to 14 days) into pasteurized potting compost.  Use eggplants at leaf stage 3 when two, but not more than three, leaves are fully uncurled.  Eggplants should be grown in a glasshouse with the following environmental conditions:  day length: 14 hours or natural day length if greater;  temperature: day: 21 to 24°C,  night: 15°C.  NB: C. sepedonicum will not grow at temperatures >30°C. If night temperatures do not fall to 15°C, chromophore damage (silvery necrosis) may occur.  Root damage caused by sciarid larvae can be overcome by the application of an appropriate insecticide.  Eggplant cv. Black Beauty may be obtained from:  1. AB Hammenhoegs Froe,  270 50 Hammenhoeg,  Sweden;  2. HURST Seeds Ltd,  Avenue Road,  Witham,  Essex CM8 2DX,  England;  3. ASGRO Italia Sp A,  Corso Lodi, 23,  Milan;  4. KUEPPER Mitteldeutsche Samen GmbH,  Hessenring 22,  D-37269 Eschwege.   Appendix 6  MEDIA FOR GROWTH AND ISOLATION OF C. SEPEDONICUM Nutrient agar (NA) Difco bacto nutrient agar in distilled water at manufacturer's rate. Sterilize by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes.  Nutrient dextrose agar (NDA) Difco bacto nutrient agar containing 1 % D(+) glucose (monohydrate). Sterilize by autoclaving at 115 °C for 20 minutes.  Yeast peptone glucose agar (YPGA) Difco bacto yeast extract (No 0127) 5 g Difco bacto peptone (No 0118) 5 g D(+)-glucose (monohydrate) 10 g Difco bacto purified agar (No 0560) 15 g Distilled water 1 litre Sterilize 0,5 litre volumes of medium by autoclaving at 115 °C for 20 minutes.  Yeast extract mineral salts medium (YGM) Difco bacto yeast extract 2,0 g D(+)-glucose (monohydrate) 2,5 g K2HPO4 0,25 g KH2PO4 0,25 g MgSO4 . 7H2O 0,1 g MnSO4 . H2O 0,015 g NaCl 0,05 g FeSO4 . 7H2O 0,005 g Difco bacto purified agar 18 g Distilled water 1 litre Sterilize 0,5 litre volumes of medium by autoclaving at 115 °C for 20 minutes.    Appendix 7  NUTRITIONAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TESTS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF C. SEPEDONICUM All media should be incubated at 21 °C and examinated after six days. If no growth has occurred, incubate for up to 20 days.  - Oxidative and fermentative test (Hugh &  Leifson), 1953) - O/F-test.  Basal medium:  KCl 0,2 g MgSO4 . 7H2O 0,2 g NH4H2PO4 1,0 g Difco bacto peptone 1,0 g Difco bacto purified agar 3,0 g D(+)-glucose (monohydrate) 10,0 g Bromothymol blue 0,03 g Distilled water 1 litre Mix and adjust to pH 7,0 to 7,2 with 1N KOH.  Dispense in Pyrex culture tubes 16 mm × 100 mm (12 ml capacity) in 5 ml and 10 ml volumes.  Sterilize by autoclaving at 115 °C for 10 minutes.  Stab inoculate 5 ml and 10 ml tubes for each culture. Aseptically add 1 to 2 ml sterile liquid paraffin to the 10 ml tube. Incubate.    /* Tables: see OJ */      (Kovacs, 1956) Kovacs'oxidase reagent:  1 % aqueous solution of tetramethyl paraphenylenediamine dihydrochloride (BDH No 30386) in distilled water.  This reagent should be freshly made up in 1 ml volumes or can be stored in a brown glass bottle at 5 °C for 1 to 4 weeks.  Place a drop of reagent on filter paper in a clean Petri dish. Immediately rub some of the test culture from nutrient agar using a platinum loop.  Positive reaction: development of purple coloration within 10 seconds. Cultures with times of 10 to 30 seconds are weakly positive.  NB: It is essential to use a platinum loop and NA cultures, since traces of iron or high sugar content in the growth medium may give false positive results.  - Acid production from lactose, rhamnose, salicin, glycerol Prepare Hugh &  Leifson's O/F medium without the glucose. Distribute into 5 ml volumes in tubes. Sterilize by autoclaving at 115 °C for 10 minutes. To the molten base at 45 °C, aseptically add 0,5 ml of filter sterilized 10 % aqueous solutions of either  glycerol, lactose, rhamnose or salicin. Mix carefully.  Positive reaction: colour change from blue-green to yellow indicates production of acid.  - Catalase test Place a drop of hydrogen peroxide (30 volume) onto a clean slide, and emulsify with a loopful of culture using a platinum loop.  Positive reaction: production of oxygen bubbles in the drop indicates the presence of catalase.  - Nitrate reductase activity and denitrification (Bradbury, 1970) Culture medium:  KNO3 (nitrite free) 1 g Difco bacto yeast extract 1 g K2HPO4 5 g Distilled water 1 litre Dispense into 10 ml volumes in 20 ml bottles. Sterilize by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes.  Reagent A:  H2SO4 8g  5N acetic acid 1 litre Reagent B:  naphthylamine 5 g 5N acetic acid 1 litre Inoculate the nitrate medium in duplicate. Test after 10 and 20 days, by adding one drop of Lugol's iodine, 0,5 ml reagent A and 0,5 ml reagent B. If medium does not turn reddish, add approximately 50 mg zinc powder. Observe the colour reaction.  Positive reaction: Colour reaction Stage 1 Stage 2 No reduction of nitrate colourless red Reduction of nitrate as far as nitrite (nitrate reductase only) red - Reduction of nitrate beyond nitrite (denitrification - nitrate and nitrite reductase) colourless colourless - Urease production (Lelliott, 1966) Basal medium:  Oxoid urea agar base (CM53) 2,4 g Distilled water 95 ml Sterilize by autoclaving at 115 °C for 20 minutes. Cool the molten base to 50 °C and aseptically add 5 ml of filter-sterilized 40 % aqueous urea solution (Oxoid SR20). Mix well.  Distribute into 6 ml volumes in sterile tubes (16 × 100 mm) and allow to set as slopes with a good butt.  Positive reaction: the yellow-orange medium develops a cherry red or magenta pink coloration if urease activity has occurred.  Utilization of citrate (Christensen) (Skerman, 1967) Citrate agar base (Merck 2503) 23 g Distilled water 1 litre Mix and dissolve by heating. Dispense into 6 ml volumes as for urea medium. Sterilize by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes and allow to set as slopes.  Positive reaction: citrate utilization is indicated by a change in the colour of the medium from orange to red.  - Hydrogen sulphide production (Ramamurthi, 1959) Medium:  Difco bacto tryptone (No 0123) 10 g K2HPO4 1 g NaCl 5 g Distilled water 1 litre.  Dissolve and dispense into 6 ml volumes in 16 × 100 mm tubes. Sterilize by autoclaving at 115 °C for 10 minutes.  Inoculate and aseptically suspend a lead acetate paper (Merck 9511) from the lip if the tube. Hold in place with the cap. Incubate for up to 20 days.  Positive reaction: H2S production from tryptone is indicated by the development of a black-brown coloration of the test paper.  - Indole production (Ramamurthi, 1959) Medium:  As for H2S test.  Remove the lead acetate paper and add 1 to 2 ml of diethyl ether and shake gently. Allow the layers to separate (five minutes). Add 0,5 ml Kovacs' reagent (Merck 9293) carefully down the inside of the sloped tube.  Positive reaction: the presence of indole is indicated by the development of a red colour in the yellow layer between the ether and aqueous fractions.  - Growth ar 37 °C (Ramamurthi, 1959) Medium:  Difco bacto nutrient broth (No 0003) 8 g Distilled water 1 litre Mix, dissolve and distribute into 6 ml volumes in tubes.  Sterilize by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes.  Inoculate and incubate at 37 °C.  Positive reaction: look for growth.  - Growth in 7 % sodium chloride (Ramamurthi, 1959) Medium:  Difco bacto nutrient broth  8g NaCl 70 g Distilled water 1 litre Mix, dissolve and distribute into 6 ml volumes in tubes.  Sterilize by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes.  Positive reaction: look for growth.  - Gelatin hydrolysis (Lelliott, Billing &  Hayward, 1966) Medium:  Difco bacto gelatine (No 0143) 120 g Distilled water 1 litre Mix, dissolve by heating and distribute into 6 ml volumes in tubes.  Sterilize by autoclaving at 121 °C for 15 minutes.  Positive reaction: liquefaction of gelating even when held at 5 °C for 30 minutes.  - Starch hydrolysis Medium:  Difco bacto nutrient agar (molten) 1 litre Difco bacto soluble starch (No 0178) 2 g Mix, sterilize by autoclaving at 115 °C for 10 minutes.  Pour plates. Spot inoculate the plates.  After good growth has occurred (10 to 20 days), remove part of the growth and flood with Lugol's iodine.  Positive reaction: starch hydrolysis is indicated by clear zones under or around the bacterial growth; the remainder of the medium stains purple.  - Aesculin hydrolase activity (Sneath &  Collins, 1974) Medium:  Difco bacto peptone 10 g Aesculin 1 g Ferric citrate (Merck 3862) 0,05 g Sodium citrate 1 g Distilled water 1 litre Mix to dissolve and distribute into 6 ml volumes in tubes. Sterilize by autoclaving at 115 °C for 10 minutes.  The medium is clear but has a bluish fluorescence.  Positive reaction: aesculin hydrolysis is indicated by the development of a brown colour together with a disappearance of fluorescence. This can be checked using an ultraviolet lamp.  REFERENCES Bradbury, J. F., 1970. Isolation and preliminary study of bacteria from plants. Rev. Pl. Path., 49, 213-218.  Dinesen, I. G., 1984. The extraction and diagnosis of Corynebacterium sepedonicum from diseased potato tubers. EPPO Bull. 14 (2), 147-152.  Doetsch, R. N., 1981. Determinative methods of light microscopy. In: Manual of methods for general bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, 21-23.  Hugh, R. and Leifson, F., 1953. The taxonomic significance of fermentative versus oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates by various gram-negative bacteria. J. Bact., 66, 24-26.  Janse, J. D. and J. Van Vaerenbergh. The interpretation of the EC method for the detection of latent ring rot infections (Corynebacterium sepedonicum) in potato. EPPO Bull., No 17, 1987, pp. 1-10.  Kovacs, N., 1956. Identification of Pseudomonas pyocyanea by the oxidase reaction. Nature, Lond., 178, 703.  Lelliott, R. A., 1966. The plant pathogenic coryneform bacteria. J. appl. Bact., 29, 114-118.  Lelliott, R. A., E. Billing and A. C. Hayward, 1966. A determinative scheme for the fluorescent plant pathogenic pseudomonads J. appl. Bact., 29, 470-489.  Lelliott, R. A. and P. W., Sellar, 1976. The detection of latent ring rot (Corynebacterium sepedonicum (Spiek. et Kotth.) Skapt. et Burkh.) in potato stocks. EPPO Bull., 6 (2), 101-106.  Ramamurthi, C. S., 1959. Comparative studies on some Gram-positive phytopathogenic bacteria and their relationship to the Corynebacteria. Mem. Cornell agric. Exp. Sta., 366, 52 pp.  Skerman, V. B. D., 1967. A guide to the identification of the genera of bacteria. 2nd ed., William and Wilkins Company, Baltimore.  Sneath, P. H. A. and V. G. Collins, 1974. A study in test reproductibility between laboratories: report of Pseudomonas working party. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 40, 481-527.     (1) An alternative method for extraction is given by Dinesen, 1984.  (2) There is evidence (Janse and Van Vaerenberg, 1987) that freezing may reduce viability of Corynebacterium sepedonicum. Suspension of the pellet in 10 % glycerol may overcome this problem.     ANNEX II 1. For each suspected occurrence for which a positive immunofluorescence test has been identified according to the method set out in Annex I, and confirmation or refutation by completion of the said method is awaited, there  should be the retention and appropriate conservation of:  - all tubers or plants sampled, wherever possible, and - any remaining extract and additional prepared immunofluorescence slides,  until the completion of the said method.  2. In the case of positive confirmation of the organism, there should be retention and appropriate conservation of:  - the material specified in paragraph 1, and - a sample of the infected eggplant material inoculated with the tuber or plant extract, and - the isolated culture of the organism,  until at least one month after the notification procedure under Article 5 (2).     ANNEX III 1. The elements to be considered in the determination of the extent of probable contamination under Article 5 (1) (b), shall include:  - tubers or plants grown at a place of production designated as contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a),  - place(s) of production or premises with some production link to the tubers or plants, designated as contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a), including those sharing production equipment and facilities directly or through a common contractor,  - tubers or plants produced in the place(s) of production referred to in the previous indent, or present in such place(s) of production during the period when the tubers or plants designated as contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a) were present on the  premises or places of production referred to in the first indent,  - central stores handling potatoes from the above places of production,  - any machinery, vehicle, vessel, store, or units thereof, and any other objects including packaging material, that may have come into contact with the tubers or plants designated as contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a), during the previous 12 months or  wherever appropriate,  - any tubers or plants stored in, or in contact with, any of the structures or objects listed in the previous indent, prior to the cleansing and disinfection of such structures and objects, and - shall include, as a result of the testing under Article 6, tubers or plants with the same clonal origin as tubers or plants designated to be contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a) and for which investigations indicate contamination is probable.  2. The elements to be considered in the determination of the possible spread under Article 5 (1) (c) shall include:  - the proximity of other places of production growing potatoes or other host plants,  - the commonality of seed potato stocks.  3. The details of the notification referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 5 (2) shall include:  - for any potato consignment or lot designated as contaminated, the certificates prescribed in Articles 7 or 8 of Directive 77/93/EEC, the passport or registration number, as appropriate,  - the variety name for seed potato stocks, and where possible in all other cases,  - a description of the elements of the designated contamination and zone demarcation,  - the availability of extract, prepared immunofluorescent slides, infected eggplant material and an isolated culture of the organism from the test in which positive confirmation of the organism has been made.     ANNEX IV 1. The officially supervised measures referred to in Article 7 (1) for the disposal of tubers or plants designated to be contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a) shall be:  - use for industrial processing through direct and immediate delivery to a processing plant with appropriate waste disposal facilities for which it has been established that there is no identifiable risk of the organism spreading, and with a system of  disinfection of storage areas and departing vehicles, or - other measures, provided that it has been established that there is no identifiable risk of the organism spreading; such measures to be notified to the Commission and to the other Member States.  2. The appropriate use or disposal of tubers or plants determined as probably contaminated under Article 5 (1) (b) and referred to in Article 7 (2), under the control of the responsible official bodies of the Member States, shall be:  - use as ware potatoes intended for consumption, packed ready for direct delivery and use without repacking, and intended for such direct delivery and use, or - use as ware potatoes intended for industrial processing, and intended for direct and immediate delivery to a processing plant with appropriate waste disposal and disinfection facilities, or - some other use or disposal, provided that it is established that there is no identifiable risk of the organism spreading.  3. The appropriate methods for cleansing and disinfecting of the objects referred to in Article 7 (3) shall be those for which it has been established that there is no identifiable risk of the organism spreading and shall be employed under the  supervision of the responsible official bodies of the Member States.  4. The series of measures to be implemented by Member States within the demarcated zone established under Article 5 (1) (c) and referred to in Article 7 (4) shall include:  4.1. in places of production designated as contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a):  (a) in a field designated to be contaminated under Article 5 (1) (a), either (i)- during at least the three growing years following the year of the designated contamination,  - measures shall be taken to eliminate volunteer potato plants and other naturally found host plants of the organism, and - no potato tubers, plants or true seeds, or other naturally found host plants of the organism, or crops for which there is an identified risk of the organism surviving or spreading, shall be planted until the field is found free from volunteer potato  plants for at least two consecutive growing years,  - in the first potato cropping season following the period specified in the preceding indent, officially certified seed potatoes shall be planted for ware production only and an official survey, as detailed in Article 2 (1), shall be conducted;  - in the potato cropping season succeeding that referred to in the previous indent and following an appropriate rotation cycle, officially certified seed potatoes shall be planted for either seed or ware production and an official survey as detailed in  Article 2 (1), shall be conducted; or (ii) - during the four growing years following that of the designated contamination,  - measures shall be taken to eliminate volunteer potato plants and other naturally found host plants of the organism, and - the field shall be laid to, and maintained either, in bare fallow or in permanent pasture with frequent close cutting or intensive grazing,  - in the first potato cropping season following the period specified in the preceding indent, officially certified seed potatoes shall be planted for either seed or ware production and an official survey, as detailed in Article 2 (1), shall be  conducted;  (b) in other fields:  - in the growing year following the designated contamination:  - either no potato tubers, plants or true seeds or other naturally found host plants of the organism shall be planted, and measures shall be taken to eliminate volunteer potato plants, as appropriate, or - officially certified seed potatoes may be planted for ware production only, on the condition that the responsible official bodies are satisfied that the risk of volunteer potato plants and other naturally found host plants of the organism have been  eliminated,  - for, at least the two growing years following that specified in the preceding indent, only officially certified seed potatoes shall be planted, for either seed or ware production,  - in each of the growing years referred to in the previous indents measures shall be taken to eliminate volunteer potato plants and naturally found host plants of the organism, and an official survey as detailed in Article 2 (1), shall be conducted,  - where officially certified seed potatoes are planted for ware production in the growing year following the designated contamination, the growing crop shall be inspected at appropriate times and volunteer potato plants shall be tested for the organism;   (c) immediately following the designation of contamination under Article 5 (1) (a) and in each of the subsequent growing years up to and including the first permissible potato cropping season on the field(s) designated as contaminated, as detailed in  paragraph (a), all machinery and storage facilities on the place of production and involved in potato production shall be cleansed and disinfected as appropriate and using appropriate methods, as specified in 3;  (d) in those production systems where complete replacement of the growing medium is possible,  - no tubers, plants or true seeds shall be planted unless the production unit has been subjected to officially supervised measures to eliminate the organism and remove any potato or other solanaceous material, including, at least, a complete change in  growing medium and cleansing and disinfection of the production unit, and all equipment, and, subsequently has been granted approval for potato production by the responsible official bodies, and - potato production shall be from officially certified seed potatoes, or from mini-tubers or micro-plants derived from tested sources;  4.2. within the demarcated zone, without prejudice to the measures detailed under 4.1, the Member States shall:  (a) immediately, and for at least three growing seasons, after the designated contamination:  - ensure supervision by their responsible official bodies of premises growing, storing or handling potato tubers, together with premises which operate potato machinery under contract,  - require cleansing and disinfection of machinery and stores on such premises, as appropriate, and using appropriate methods, as specified under 3,  - require the planting of certified seed only for all potato crops within that zone,  - require the separate handling of harvested seed stocks to those of ware on all premises within the zone,  - conduct an official survey as detailed in Article 2 (1);  (b) establish a programme, where appropriate, for the replacement of all seed potato stocks over an appropriate period of time.  The measures implemented under 4.2, along with the registration numbers of producers, collective warehouses and dispatching centres within the demarcated zone, shall be notified annually to the other Member States and to the Commission.


Avis juridique important

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31978L0891

Commission Directive 78/891/EEC of 28 September 1978 adapting to technical progress the Annexes to Council Directives 75/106/EEC and 76/211/EEC on prepackaging

Official Journal L 311 , 04/11/1978 P. 0021 - 0028 Finnish special edition: Chapter 15 Volume 2 P. 0112  Greek special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 7 P. 0181  Swedish special edition: Chapter 15 Volume 2 P. 0112  Spanish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 9 P. 0074  Portuguese special edition Chapter 13 Volume 9 P. 0074

COMMISSION DIRECTIVE  of 28 September 1978  adapting to technical progress the Annexes to Council Directives 75/106/EEC and 76/211/EEC on prepackaging  (78/891/EEC)  THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,  Having regard to Council Directive 71/316/EEC of 26 July 1971 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to common provisions for both measuring instruments and methods of metrological control (1), as amended by the Act of Accession (2), and in particular Articles 17, 18 and 19 thereof,  Having regard to Council Directive 75/106/EEC of 19 December 1974 on the approximation of the laws of Member States relating to the making-up by volume of certain prepackaged liquids (3),  Having regard to Council Directive 76/211/EEC of 20 January 1976 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the making-up by weight or by volume of certain prepackaged products (4),  Whereas the implementation of the provisions of Directive 76/211/EEC has shown the need for a revision of the tolerable negative errors and the classification of products;  Whereas a simpler classification of prepackaged products is bound to facilitate their preparation for sale and offer the consumer a wider choice of prepackaged products;  Whereas the markings on small prepackages can in certain cases be less than the height specified in Directives 75/106/EEC and 76/211/EEC and yet still be sufficiently visible and legible;  Whereas modern statistical control methods make it possible to reduce the extent of the sampling plans specified in these two Directives;  Whereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on the Adaptation to Technical Progress of Directives Designed to Eliminate Technical Barriers to Trade in the Measuring Instruments Sector,  HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:    Article 1 Sections 3.1, 4 and 5 of Annex I to Directive 75/106/EEC are replaced by the corresponding sections in Annex I to this Directive.   Article 2 Sections 2.4, 3.1 and 5 of Annex I to Directive 76/211/EEC are replaced by the corresponding sections in Annex II to this Directive.  Sections 2.5 and 2.6 are deleted.   Article 3 Annexes II to Council Directives 75/106/EEC and 76/211/EEC are replaced, up to and including Sections 2.2, by the text set out in Annex III to this Directive.   Article 4 1. The Member States shall adopt the laws, regulations and administrative provisions needed in order to comply with this Directive in such a way that these take effect on 1 January 1980.  They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.  2. Member States shall ensure that the text of the provisions of internal law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive is communicated to the Commission.   Article 5 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.     Done at Brussels, 28 September 1978.  For the Commission  Étienne DAVIGNON  Member of the Commission  (1)OJ No L 202, 6.9.1971, p. 1. (2)OJ No L 73, 27.3.1972, p. 14. (3)OJ No L 42, 15.2.1975, p. 1. (4)OJ No L 46, 21.2.1976, p. 1.     ANNEX I AMENDMENTS TO ANNEX I TO COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 75/106/EEC    3.1. the nominal volume of the contents expressed in litres, centilitres or millilitres and marked in figures at least 6 mm high if the nominal volume of the contents is greater than 100 cl, 4 mm high if it is from 100 cl down to but not including 20 cl, 3 mm high if it is from 20 cl down to but not including 5 cl, 2 mm high if it is not more than 5 cl, followed by the symbol for the unit of measurement used or where appropriate by the name of the unit, in accordance with Directive 71/354/EEC, as last amended by Directive 76/770/EEC;  until the expiry of the transitional period, during which the use of the imperial units of measurement appearing in Annex II to Council Directive 71/354/EEC is authorized in the Community, the indication of the nominal volume of the contents expressed in SI units in accordance with the preceding paragraph may be accompanied by that of the equivalent value in imperial (UK) units of measurement, calculated on the basis of the following conversion factors: >PIC FILE= "T0013502">   Member States may, where they think it necessary, insist on this second indication for products put up for sale on their national territories. Markings in imperial (UK) units shall be in letters and figures of dimensions not larger than those of the corresponding markings in SI units.  4. RESPONSIBILITY OF THE PACKER OR IMPORTER  The packer or importer shall be responsible for ensuring that prepackages meet the requirements of this Directive.  The quantity of liquid contained in a prepackage, known as the actual volume of the contents, shall be measured or checked on the responsibility of the packer or the importer. The measurement or check shall be carried out by means of a legal measuring instrument suitable for effecting the necessary operations.  The check may be carried out by sampling.  Where the actual volume of the contents is not measured, the check carried out by the packer shall be so organized that the nominal volume of the said contents is effectively ensured, in conformity with the provisions of this Directive.  In order to fulfil this requirement, the packer must carry out production checks in accordance with procedures recognized by the competent departments in the Member State and if he holds at the disposal of these authorities the documents containing the results of such checks, in order to certify that these checks, together with the corrections and adjustments which they have shown to be necessary, have been properly and accurately carried out.  Where goods are imported from non-EEC countries, the importer may, instead of measuring and checking, provide evidence that he is in possession of all the necessary guarantees enabling him to assume responsibility.  One of the several methods of meeting the measuring and checking requirement is to use when making up the prepackage a measuring container of the type defined in the Directive relating thereto and filled under the conditions prescribed in this Directive and in that on measuring container bottles.   5. CHECKS TO BE CARRIED OUT BY THE COMPETENT DEPARTMENTS ON THE PREMISES OF THE PACKER OR OF THE IMPORTER OR OF HIS AGENT ESTABLISHED IN THE COMMUNITY  Checks to ensure that the prepackages comply with the provisions of this Directive shall be carried out by the competent departments of the Member States by sampling on the packer's premises or, if this is not practicable, on the premises of the importer or of his agent established in the Community.   This statistical sampling check shall be carried out in accordance with the accepted methods of quality acceptance inspection. Its effectiveness shall be comparable to that of the reference method specified in Annex II.  Thus as regards the criterion for the minimum acceptable contents, a sampling plan used by a Member State shall be regarded as comparable with that recommended in Annex II if the abscissa of the 0 710 ordinate point of the operating characteristic curve of the first plan (probability of acceptance of the batch = 0 710) deviates by less than 15 % from the abscissa of the corresponding point of the operating characteristic curve of the sampling plan recommended in Annex II.  As regards the criterion for the mean calculated by the standard deviation method, a sampling plan used by a Member State shall be regarded as comparable with that recommended in Annex II if, taking into account the operating characteristic curves of the two plans having as the abscissa axis >PIC FILE= "T0013503">  >PIC FILE= "T0013644">     ANNEX II AMENDMENTS TO ANNEX I TO DIRECTIVE 76/211/EEC  2.4. The tolerable negative error in the contents of a prepackage is fixed in accordance with the table below: >PIC FILE= "T0013504">   When using the table, the values of the tolerable negative errors shown as percentages in the table, calculated in units of weight or volume, shall be rounded up to the nearest one-tenth of a gram or millilitre.    3.1. The nominal quantity (nominal weight or nominal volume) expressed in kilograms, grams, litres, centilitres or millilitres, and marked in figures at least 6 mm high if the nominal quantity exceeds 1 000 g or 100 cl, 4 mm high if it is from 1 000 g or 100 cl inclusive down to but not including 200 g or 20 cl, 3 mm high if it is from 200 g or 20 cl down to but not including 50 g or 5 cl, 2 mm high if it is not more than 50 g or 5 cl, followed by the symbol for the unit of measurement used or where appropriate by the name of the unit in accordance with Directive 71/354/EEC, as last amended by Directive 76/770/EEC.  Markings in imperial (UK) units shall be in letters and figures of dimensions not larger than those of the corresponding markings in SI units.  5. CHECKS TO BE CARRIED OUT BY THE COMPETENT DEPARTMENTS ON THE PREMISES OF THE PACKER OR OF THE IMPORTER OR OF HIS AGENT ESTABLISHED IN THE COMMUNITY  Checks to ensure that the prepackages comply with the provisions of this Directive shall be carried out by the competent departments of the Member States by sampling on the packer's premises or, if this is not practicable, on the premises of the importer or of his agent established in the Community.  This statistical sampling check shall be carried out in accordance with the accepted methods of quality acceptance inspection. Its effectiveness shall be comparable to that of the reference method specified in Annex II.  Thus as regards the criterion for the minimum contents, a sampling plan used by a Member State shall be regarded as comparable with that recommended in Annex II if the abscissa of the 0 710 ordinate point of the operating caracteristic curve of the first plan (probability of acceptance of the batch = 0 710) deviates by less than 15 % from the abscissa of the corresponding point of the operating characteristic curve of the sampling plan recommended in Annex II.   As regards the criterion for the mean calculated by the standard deviation method, a sampling plan used by a Member State shall be regarded as comparable with that recommended in Annex II if, taking into account the operating characteristic curves of the two plans having as the abscissa axis >PIC FILE= "T0013505">  >PIC FILE= "T0013648">      ANNEX III AMENDMENTS TO ANNEXES II TO DIRECTIVES 75/106/EEC AND 76/211/EEC  ANNEX II  This Annex lays down the procedures of the reference method for statistical checking of batches of prepackages in order to meet the requirements of Article 3 of the Directive and of Section 5, Annex I thereto.    1. REQUIREMENTS FOR MEASURING THE ACTUAL CONTENTS OF PREPACKAGES  The actual contents of prepackages may be measured directly by means of weighing instruments or volumetric instruments or, in the case of liquids, indirectly, by weighing the prepacked product and measuring its density.  Irrespective of the method used, the error made in measuring the actual contents of a prepackage shall not exceed one-fifth of the tolerable negative error for the nominal quantity in the prepackage.  The procedure for measuring the actual contents of a prepackage may be the subject of domestic regulations in each Member State.       2. REQUIREMENTS FOR CHECKING BATCHES OF PREPACKAGES  The checking of prepackages shall be carried out by sampling and shall be in two parts:      - a check covering the actual contents of each prepackage in the sample,           - another check on the average of the actual contents of the prepackages in the sample.             A batch of prepackages shall be considered acceptable if the results of both these checks satisfy the acceptance criteria.  For each of these checks, there are two sampling plans:      - one for non-destructive testing, i.e., testing which does not involve opening the package,           - the other for destructive testing, i.e., testing which involves opening or destroying the package.             For economic and practical reasons, the latter test shall be limited to the absolutely essential minimum ; it is less effective than the non-destructive test.  Destructive testing shall therefore be used only when non-destructive testing is impracticable. As a general rule it shall not be applied to batches of fewer than 100 units.      2.1. Prepackage batches        2.1.1. The batch shall comprise all the prepackages of the same nominal quantity, the same type and the same production run, packed in the same place, which are to be inspected. The batch size shall be limited to the amounts laid down below.               2.1.2. When prepackages are checked at the end of the packing line, the number in each batch shall be equal to the maximum hourly output of the packing line, without any restriction as to batch size.  In other cases the batch size shall be limited to 10 000.               2.1.3. For batches of fewer than 100 prepackages, the non-destructive test, where carried out, shall be 100 %.                2.1.4. Before the tests in 2.2 and 2.3 are carried out, a sufficient number of prepackages shall be drawn at random from the batch so that the check requiring the larger sample can be carried out.  For the other check, the necessary sample shall be drawn at random from the first sample and marked.  This marking operation shall be completed before the start of measuring operations.                          2.2. Checking of the actual contents of a prepackage  The minimum acceptable contents shall be calculated by subtracting the tolerable negative error for the contents concerned from the nominal quantity of the prepackage.  Prepackages in the batch whose actual contents are less than the minimum acceptable contents shall be considered defective.        2.2.1. Non-destructive testing  Non-destructive testing shall be carried out in accordance with a double sampling plan as shown in the table below:  The first number of prepackages checked shall be equal to the number of units in the first sample, as indicated in the plan:          - if the number of defective units found in the first sample is less than or equal to the first acceptance criterion, the batch shall be considered acceptable for the purpose of this check,                   - if the number of defective units found in the first sample is equal to or greater than the first rejection criterion, the batch shall be rejected,                   - if the number of defective units found in the first sample lies between the first acceptance criterion and the first rejection criterion, a second sample shall be checked, the number of units in which is indicated in the plan.                     The defective units found in the first and second samples shall be added together and:          - if the aggregate number of defective units is less than or equal to the second acceptance criterion, the batch shall be considered acceptable for the purpose of this check,                   - if the aggregate number of defective units is greater than or equal to the second rejection criterion, the batch shall be rejected. >PIC FILE= "T0013506">                                   2.2.2. Destructive testing  Destructive testing shall be carried out in accordance with the single sampling plan below and shall be used only for batches of 100 or more.   The number of prepackages checked shall be equal to 20.          - If the number of defective units found in the sample is less than or equal to the acceptance criterion, the batch of prepackages shall be considered as acceptable.                   - If the number of defective units found in the sample is equal to or greater than the rejection criterion, the batch of prepackages shall be rejected. >PIC FILE= "T0013507">


Avis juridique important

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31977L0538

Council Directive 77/538/EEC of 28 June 1977 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to rear fog lamps for motor vehicles and their trailers

Official Journal L 220 , 29/08/1977 P. 0060 - 0071 Finnish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 7 P. 0200  Greek special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 6 P. 0199  Swedish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 7 P. 0200  Spanish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 7 P. 0212  Portuguese special edition Chapter 13 Volume 7 P. 0212

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE  of 28 June 1977  on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to rear fog lamps for motor vehicles and their trailers  (77/538/EEC)  THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof,  Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,  Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament (1),  Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2),  Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy pursuant to national laws relate inter alia to their rear fog lamps;  Whereas these requirements differ from one Member State to another ; whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the same requirements either in addition to or in place of their existing rules, in order, in particular, to allow the EEC type-approval procedure which was the subject of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers (3), to be introduced in respect of each type of vehicle;  Whereas in Directive 76/756/EEC (4), the Council laid down the common requirements for the installation of lighting and light-signalling devices on motor vehicles and their trailers;  Whereas a harmonized component type-approval procedure for rear fog lamps makes it possible for each Member State to check compliance with the common construction and testing requirements and to inform the other Member States of its findings by sending a copy of the component type-approval certificate completed for each type of rear fog lamp ; whereas the placing of an EEC component type-approval mark on all rear fog lamps manufactured in conformity with the approved type obviates any need for technical checks on these rear fog lamps in the other Member States;  Whereas it is desirable to draft the technical requirements so that they have the same aim as the work being carried out on the subject in the UN Economic Commission for Europe;  Whereas the approximation of national laws relating to motor vehicles entails reciprocal recognition by Member States of the tests carried out by each of them on the basis of the common requirements,  HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:    Article 1 1. Each Member State shall grant EEC component type-approval for any type of rear fog lamp which satisfies the construction and testing requirements laid down in Annexes 0, II and III.  2. The Member State which has granted EEC component type-approval shall take the measures required in order to verify that production models conform to the approved type, in so far as this is necessary and if need be in cooperation with the competent authorities in the other Member States. Such verification shall be limited to spot checks.   Article 2 Member States shall for each type of rear fog lamp which they approve pursuant to Article 1, issue to the manufacturer, or to his authorized representative, an EEC component type-approval mark conforming to the model shown in Annex II.  Member States shall take all appropriate measures to prevent the use of marks liable to create confusion (1)OJ No C 118, 16.5.1977, p. 29. (2)OJ No C 114, 11.5.1977, p. 2. (3)OJ No L 42, 23.2.1970, p. 1. (4)OJ No L 262, 27.9.1976, p. 1.   between rear fog lamps which have been type-approved pursuant to Article 1, and other devices.   Article 3 1. No Member State may prohibit the placing on the market of rear fog lamps on grounds relating to their construction or method of functioning if they bear the EEC component type-approval mark.  2. Nevertheless, a Member State may prohibit the placing on the market of rear fog lamps bearing the EEC component type-approval mark which consistently fail to conform to the approved type.  That State shall inform the other Member States and the Commission forthwith of the measures taken, specifying the reasons for its decision.   Article 4 The competent authorities of each Member State shall within one month send to the competent authorities of the other Member States a copy of the component type-approval certificates, an example of which is given in Annex I, completed for each type of rear fog lamp which they approve or refuse to approve.   Article 5 1. If the Member State which has granted EEC component type-approval finds that a number of rear fog lamps bearing the same EEC component type-approval mark do not conform to the type which it has approved, it shall take the necessary measures to ensure that production models conform to the approved type. The competent authorities of that State shall advise those of the other Member States of the measures taken which may, where there is consistent failure to conform, extend to withdrawal of EEC component type-approval. The said authorities shall take the same measures if they are informed by the competent authorities of another Member State of such failure to conform.  2. The competent authorities of Member States shall inform each other within one month of any withdrawal of EEC component type-approval, and of the reasons for such a measure.   Article 6 Any decision taken pursuant to the provisions adopted in implementation of this Directive, to refuse or withdraw EEC component type-approval for a rear fog lamp or prohibit its placing on the market or use shall set out in detail the reasons on which it is based. Such decision shall be notified to the party concerned, who shall at the same time be informed of the remedies available to him under the laws in force in the Member States and of the time limits allowed for the exercise of such remedies.   Article 7 No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type-approval or national type-approval of any vehicle on grounds relating to its rear fog lamps if these bear the EEC component type-approval mark and are fitted in accordance with the requirements laid down in Directive 76/756/EEC.   Article 8 No Member State may refuse or prohibit the sale, registration, entry into service or use of any vehicle on grounds relating to its rear fog lamps if these bear the EEC component type-approval mark and are fitted in accordance with the requirements laid down in Directive 76/756/EEC.   Article 9 For the purposes of this Directive, "vehicle" means any motor vehicle intended for use on the road, with or without bodywork, having at least four wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h, and its trailers, with the exception of vehicles which run on rails, agricultural or forestry tractors and machinery and public works vehicles.   Article 10 Any amendments necessary to adjust the requirements of the Annexes to take account of technical progress shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Directive 70/156/EEC.   Article 11 1. Member States shall bring into force the provisions needed in order to comply with this Directive within 18  months of its notification and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.  2. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive are communicated to the Commission.   Article 12 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.        Done at Luxembourg, 28 June 1977.  For the Council  The President  W. RODGERS     LIST OF ANNEXES   >PIC FILE= "T9001006">     ANNEX 0 DEFINITIONS, GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS, INTENSITY OF LIGHT EMITTED, TEST PROCEDURE, HEAT RESISTANCE TEST, COLOUR OF LIGHT EMITTED, CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION     1. DEFINITIONS      1.1. "Rear fog lamp" means the lamp used to render the vehicle more readily visible from the rear in dense fog.           1.2. "Axis of reference" means the characteristic axis of the light signal, determined by the manufacturer for use as the direction of reference (H = 0º, V = 0º) for photometric measurements and when fitting the lamp on the vehicle.           1.3. "Centre of reference" means the intersection of the axis of reference with the exterior light-emitting surface, specified by the manufacturer of the lamp.           1.4. "Exterior light-emitting surface", for a defined direction of observation, means the orthogonal projection of the light-emitting surface on a plane perpendicular to the direction of observation.           1.5. "Type of rear fog lamp" means rear fog lamps which do not differ in such essential respects as:        1.5.1. the trade name or mark;               1.5.2. the characteristics of the optical system;               1.5.3. the inclusion of components capable of altering the optical effects by reflection, refraction or absorption;               1.5.4. the type of filament lamp.                                 2. GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS      2.1. Each sample referred to in 1.2.3 of Annex II shall conform to the specifications set forth in the sections below.           2.2. The rear fog lamps shall be so designed and constructed that under normal conditions of use, notwithstanding any vibration to which they may be subjected during such use, their satisfactory operation remains assured and they retain the characteristics prescribed by this Directive.                  3. INTENSITY OF LIGHT EMITTED      3.1. The light emitted by each of the two samples referred to in 1.2.3 of Annex II, having met the requirements of 5 below, shall be of not less than the minimum intensity and of not more than the maximum intensity specified below and shall be measured in relation to the axis of reference in the directions shown below (expressed in degrees from the axis of reference).           3.2. The intensity along the H and V axes, between 10º to the left and 10º to the right and between 5º up and 5º down, shall not be less than 150 cd. The intensity between the axes shall not be less than 75 cd.           3.3. The intensity of the light emitted in all directions in which the light can be observed shall not exceed 300 cd.           3.4. The exterior light-emitting surface in the direction of the reference axis shall not exceed 140 cm2.           3.5. Annex III gives particulars of the measurement methods to be used.                   4. TEST PROCEDURE  All measurements shall be carried out with a colourless standard filament lamp of the type recommended for the rear fog lamp and so regulated as to produce the normal luminous flux prescribed for this type of lamp.       5. HEAT RESISTANCE TEST      5.1. The lamp shall be subjected to a one-hour test of continuous operation following a warm-up period of 20 minutes. The ambient temperature shall be 23 ± 5 ºC. The filament lamp used shall be of the category recommended for the lamp, and shall be supplied with current at a voltage such that it gives the specified average power at the corresponding test voltage.           5.2. Where only the maximum power is specified, the test shall be carried out by regulating the voltage to obtain a power equal to 90 % of the specified power. The average or maximum power specified above shall in all cases be chosen from the voltage range of 6, 12 or 24 V at which it reaches the highest value.           5.3. After the lamp has been stabilized at the ambient temperature, no distortion, deformation, cracking or colour modification shall be perceptible.                  6. COLOUR OF LIGHT EMITTED  The device must emit a red light. The colour of the light emitted, measured by using a source of light at a colour temperature of 2 854 K, corresponding to illuminant A of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE), must be within the limits of the following trichromatic coordinates: >PIC FILE= "T0011079">        7. CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION   Every rear fog lamp being an EEC component type-approval mark must conform to the type approved and comply with the photometric conditions specified in 3 and 6. Nevertheless, in the case of a rear fog lamp picked at random from series production, the requirements as to minimum intensity of the light emitted (measured with a standard filament lamp as referred to in 4) may be limited in each relevant direction to 80 % of the minimum value specified in 3.          ANNEX I  >PIC FILE= "T0011080">     ANNEX II EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL AND MARKING REQUIREMENTS     1. APPLICATION FOR EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL      1.1. The application for EEC component type-approval shall be submitted by the holder of the trade name or mark or by his authorized representative.           1.2. For each type of rear fog lamp, the application shall be accompanied by:        1.2.1. a brief technical description stating, in particular, the type(s) of filament lamp(s) recommended, which must comply with the specifications of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE);               1.2.2. drawings, (three copies), in sufficient detail to permit identification of the type of the rear fog lamp and showing, geometrically, the position in which the rear fog lamp is to be mounted on the vehicle, the axis of observation to be taken as the axis of reference in the tests (horizontal angle H = 0º, vertical angle V = 0º), and the point to be taken as the centre of reference in the said tests;               1.2.3. two samples ; if the rear fog lamp is such that it can be mounted only on one side of the vehicle, the two samples submitted may be identical and be suitable for mounting only on the right or only on the left side of the vehicle;               1.2.4. an additional sample to be kept by the laboratory for any subsequent verification which may prove necessary.                                 2. MARKINGS      2.1. The samples of a type of rear fog lamp submitted for EEC component type-approval must bear:        2.1.1. the trade name or mark of the applicant, which must be clearly legible and indelible;               2.1.2. a clearly legible and indelible marking indicating the type(s) of filament lamp(s) recommended;               2.1.3. and incorporate a space large enough to contain the EEC component type-approval mark, including the additional symbols prescribed in 4 ; this space shall be shown in the drawings mentioned in 1.2.2.                                 3. EEC COMPONENT TYPE-APPROVAL      3.1. If the two samples submitted in accordance with 1.2.3 meet the requirements of Annexes 0, II and III, EEC component type-approval shall be granted and a component type-approval number assigned.           3.2. This number shall not be assigned to any other type of rear fog lamp.           3.3. Where EEC component type-approval is requested for a type of lighting and light-signalling device comprising a rear fog lamp and other lamps, a single EEC component type-approval mark may be issued provided that the rear fog lamp complies with the requirements of this Directive and that each of the other lamps forming part of the lighting and light-signalling device for which EEC component type-approval is requested, complies with the specific Directive applying to it.                  4. MARKS    4.1. Every rear fog lamp conforming to a type approved under this Directive shall bear an EEC component type-approval mark.        4.2. This mark shall consist of a rectangle surrounding the lower-case letter "e", followed by the distinguishing number or letter(s) of the Member State which has granted the component type-approval:  1 for Germany,  2 for France,  3 for Italy,  4 for the Netherlands,  6 for Belgium,  11 for the United Kingdom,  13 for Luxembourg,  18 for Denmark,  IRL for Ireland.  It must also include the EEC component type-approval number which corresponds to the number of the EEC component type-approval certificate issued for the type of rear fog lamp in question.       4.3. The EEC component type-approval mark shall be supplemented by an additional symbol "F".       4.4. The EEC component type-approval number must be placed in any convenient position near the rectangle surrounding the letter "e".       4.5. The EEC component type-approval mark and the additional symbol must be affixed to the lens of the lamp, or one of the lenses, in such a way as to be indelible and clearly legible even when the rear fog lamp(s) is (are) fitted on the vehicle.       4.6. An example of the EEC component type-approval mark and the additional symbol are shown in Appendix 1.       4.7. Where a single EEC component type-approval number is issued, as under 3.3, for a type of lighting and light-signalling device comprising a rear fog lamp and other lamps, one EEC component type-approval mark only may be affixed, consisting of:      - a rectangle surrounding the letter "e" followed by the distinguishing letter(s) or number of the Member State which has granted the EEC component type-approval,           - an EEC component type-approval number,           - the additional symbols required by the various Directives under which EEC component type-approval was granted.                  4.8. The dimensions of the various components of this mark shall not be less than the largest of the minimum dimensions specified for individual markings by the Directives under which the EEC component type-approval was granted.       4.9. Examples of the component type-approval mark for a device comprising several lamps are given in Appendix 2.          Appendix 1 >PIC FILE= "T0011081">     Appendix 2 >PIC FILE= "T0011082">   >PIC FILE= "T0011083">     ANNEX III PHOTOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS    1. During photometric measurements, stray reflections shall be prevented by appropriate masking.       2. The measurements shall be carried out in such a way as to meet the following requirements:      2.1. the distance of measurement shall be such that the law of the inverse of the square of the distance is applicable;           2.2. the measuring equipment shall be such that the angular aperture of the receiver viewed from the reference centre of the lamp is between 10' and 1º;           2.3. the intensity requirement for a particular direction of observation shall be satisfied if that requirement is met in a direction deviating by not more than 15' from the direction of observation.                  3. The direction H = 0º and V = 0º corresponds to the axis of reference (which, when the lamp is mounted on the vehicle, must be horizontal, parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and oriented in the required direction of visibility). It passes through the centre of reference. >PIC FILE= "T0011084">      3.1. Intensities outside the axes shall be measured within the rhombus described by the extreme directions of measurement (see diagram above).