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31989L0519

Commission Directive 89/519/EEC of 1 August 1989 supplementing and amending Directive 77/535/EEC on the approximation of the laws of Member States relating to methods of sampling and analysis for fertilizers

Official Journal L 265 , 12/09/1989 P. 0030 - 0047 Finnish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 19 P. 0093  Swedish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 19 P. 0093

COMMISSION DIRECTIVE of 1 August 1989 supplementing and amending Directive 77/535/EEC on the approximation of the laws of Member States relating to methods of sampling and analysis for fertilizers (89/519/EEC) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,  Having regard to Council Directive 76/116/EEC of 18 December 1975 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to fertilizers (1), as last amended by Council Directive 89/284/EEC (2), and in particular Article 9 (2) thereof,  Whereas Directive 89/284/EEC supplements and amends Directive 76/116/EEC in respect of the calcium, magnesium, sodium and sulphur content of fertilizers;  Whereas Commission Directive 77/535/EEC (3), as last amended by Directive 87/566/EEC (4), provides for official controls for EEC fertilizers for the purpose of checking compliance with the requirements imposed by the Community provisions concerning the  quality and composition of fertilizers; whereas that Directive should be supplemented so that fertilizers to which Council Directive 89/284/EEC relates can also be checked; whereas it is necessary to replace methods 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4; whereas  general provisions relating to methods for analysing fertilizers applicable to all methods should be added to the general observations of Annex II;  Whereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on the Adaptation to Technical Progress of the Directives for the Removal of Technical Barriers to Trade in Fertilizers,  HAD ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:    Article 1 1.  General provisions relating to methods for analysing fertilizers of Annex I to this Directive are added to the general observations of Annex II to Directive 77/535/EEC.  2.  The methods 8.1 to 8.10 in Annex II to this Directive are added to Annex II to Directive 77/535/EEC.  3.  Methods 5.1 to 5.4 set out in Annex II to Directive 77/535/EEC are deleted.  Article 2 1.  Member States shall take measures necessary to comply with this Directive by 1 September 1990 and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.  The provisions adopted pursuant to the first indent shall make express reference to this Directive.  2.  Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.  Article 3 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.   Done at Brussels, 1 August 1989 For the Commission Martin BANGEMANN Vice-President   (1) OJ No L 24, 30. 1. 1976, p. 21. (2) OJ No L 111, 22. 4. 1989, p. 34. (3) OJ No L 213, 22. 8. 1977, p. 1. (4) OJ No L 342, 4. 12. 1987, p. 32.   ANNEX I   ´GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO METHODS OF ANALYSING FERTILIZERS  1.  Reagents Unless otherwise specified in the method of analysing, all of the reagents must be analysis-pure (a. p.). Where trace elements are to be analysed the purity of the reagents must be checked by means of a blank test. Depending upon the result obtained, it  might be necessary to conduct a further purification.  2.  Water The dissolution, dilution, rinsing or washing operations mentioned in the methods of analysis without stating precisely what the nature of the solvent or diluent is, imply the use of water. Normally, the water will have to be demineralized or distilled.  In these specific instances, as mentioned in the method of analysis, that water will have to be subjected to specific purification processes.  3.  Laboratory equipment In view of the equipment normally used in inspection laboratories, the apparatus described in the methods of analysis is restricted to special instruments and apparatus or to such demanded by any specific requirements. This equipment must be perfectly  clean, above all where small quantities are to be determined. The laboratory will have to ensure the accuracy of any graduated glassware used by referring to the standards.    ANNEX II    ´Methods 8 SECONDARY NUTRIENTS  Method 8.1 EXTRACTION OF TOTAL CALCIUM, TOTAL MAGNESIUM, TOTAL SODIUM AND TOTAL SULPHUR IN THE FORM OF SULPHATES 1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for extracting total calcium, total magnesium and total sodium, and for extracting the total sulphur present in the form of sulphates, so that the same extract may be used for the determination of each nutrient  required.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to EEC fertilizers, for which a declaration of the total calcium, total magnesium, total sodium, and total sulphur in the form of sulphates is provided for in Council Directive 89/284/EEC (¹).  3.  PRINCIPLE Solubilization by boiling in dilute hydrochloric acid.  4.  REAGENTS 4.1 Diluted hydrochloric acid:  One volume of hydrochloric acid (d = 1,18) plus one volume of water.  5.  APPARATUS Electric hot plate with adjustable temperature.  6.  PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE See method 1 in Commission Directive 77/535/EEC.  7.  PROCEDURE 7.1 Test sample Calcium, magnesium, sodium and sulphur in the form of sulphates are extracted from a test sample of five grams weighed to within one milligram.  However, when the fertilizer contains more than 15 % of sulphur (S) i. e. 37,5 % SO3, and more than 18,8 % of calcium (Ca) i. e. 26,3 % CaO, the extraction of calcium and sulphur is carried out on a test sample of one gram, weighed to within one  milligram. Place the test sample in a 600 millilitre beaker.  7.2 Preparation of the solution Add approximately 400 millilitres of water and, taking care when the sample contains a significant quantity of carbonates, 50 millilitres of dilute hydrochloric acid (4.1) a small amount at a time. Bring to the boil and maintain for 30 minutes. Allow to  cool, stirring occasionally. Decant (;) OJ No L 111, 22. 4. 1989, p. 34.  quantitatively into a 500 millilitre graduated flask. Make up to volume with water, and mix. Pass through a dry filter into a dry container, discarding the initial portion. The extract must be completely transparent. Stopper if the filtrate is not used  immediately.    Method 8.2 EXTRACTION OF TOTAL SULPHUR PRESENT IN VARIOUS FORMS  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for extracting the total sulphur contained in fertilizers in elemental form and/or in other chemical combinations.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to EEC fertilizers for which a declaration of the total sulphur present in various forms (elemental, thiosulphate, sulphite, sulphate) is provided for in the Council Directive 89/284/EEC.  3.  PRINCIPLE Elemental sulphur is converted in an alkaline medium into polysulphides and thiosulphate; these, together with any sulphites which may be present, are then oxidized with hydrogen peroxide. The various forms of sulphur are thus converted into sulphate  which is determined by precipitation of barium sulphate (method 8.9).  4.  REAGENTS 4.1 Diluted hydrochloric acid:  One volume of hydrochloric acid (d = 1,18) plus one volume of water.  4.2 Sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH, 30 % minimum (d = 1,33).  4.2 Hydrogen peroxide solution, 30 % w/w.  4.4 Aqueous solution of barium chloride BaCl2 2H2O, 122 gram per litre.  5.  APPARATUS Electric hot plate with adjustable temperature.  6.  PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE See method 1.  7.  PROCEDURE 7.1 Test sample Weigh out to within one milligram a quantity of fertilizer containing between 80 and 350 milligrams of sulphur (S) or 200 and 875 milligrams of SO3.  As a rule (where S ( 15 %), weigh out 2,5 grams. Place the test sample in a 400 millilitre beaker.  7.2 Oxidation.  Add 20 millilitres of sodium hydroxide solution (4.2) and 20 millilitres of water. Cover with a watch glass. Boil for five minutes on the hot plate (5.1). Remove from the hot plate. Using a jet of hot water, collect the sulphur sticking to the sides of  the beaker and boil for 20 minutes. Leave to cool.  Add 2 millilitres increments of hydrogen peroxide (4.3) until no reaction is observed. Six to eight of hydrogen peroxide will be necessary. Allow oxidation to continue for one hour, then bring to the boil for half an hour. Leave to cool.  7.3 Preparation of the solution to be analysed.  Add approximately 50 millilitres of water and 50 millilitres of the hydrochloric acid solution (4.1).  - If the level of sulphur (S) is less than 5 %:  filter into a 600 millilitre beaker. Wash the residue on the filter several times with cold water. After washing, check for the absence of sulphate in the last drops of the filtrate using a barium chloride solution (4.4). The filtrate must be perfectly  clear. Sulphate is determined on the whole of the filtrate in accordance with method 8.9.  - If the level of sulphur (S) is at above 5 %:  transfer quantitatively into a 250 millilitre volumetric flask, make up to volume with water and mix. Filter through a dry filter into a dry container; the filtrate must be completely clear. Stopper if the solution is not to be used immediately.  Determine sulphates on an aliquot of this solution by precipitation in the form of barium sulphate (method 8.9).    Method 8.3 EXTRACTION OF WATER-SOLUBLE CALCIUM, MAGNESIUM, SODIUM AND SULPHUR (IN THE FORM OF SULPHATES)  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for extracting water-soluble calcium, magnesium, sodium and sulphur (in the form of sulphates), so that the same extract can be used to determine each nutrient required.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies solely to fertilizers for which a declaration of the water soluble calcium, magnesium, sodium and sulphur (in the form of the sulphates) is provided for in Council Directive 89/284/EEC.  3.  PRINCIPLE The nutrients are solubilized in boiling water.  4.  REAGENTS Distilled or demineralized water of equivalent quality.  5.  APPARATUS Electric hot plate with adjustable temperature.  6.  PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE See method 1.  7.  PROCEDURE 7.1 Test sample.  (a)  Where fertilizers contain no sulphur or where they contain, at the same time, no more than 3 % of the sulphur (S) i. e. 7,5 % SO3 and no more than 4 % of calcium (Ca) i. e. 5,6 % CaO, weigh out five grams of fertilizer to within one milligram.  (b)  Where fertilizers contain more than 3 % of sulphur (S) and more than 4 % of calcium (Ca), weigh out one gram of fertilizer to within one milligram.  Place the test sample in a 600 millilitre beaker.  7.2 PREPARATION OF THE SOLUTION.  Add approximately 400 millilitres of water and boil for 30 minutes. Allow to cool, stirring occasionally, and decant quantitatively into a 500 millilitre graduated flask. Make up to volume with water and mix.  Filter through a dry filter into a dry container. Discard the initial portions of the filtrate. The filtrate must be completely transparent.  Stopper if the solution is not to be used immediately.    Method 8.4 EXTRACTION OF WATER-SOLUBLE SULPHUR WHERE THE SULPHUR IS IN VARIOUS FORMS  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for extracting the water-soluble sulphur contained in fertilizers in various forms.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to fertilizers for which a declaration of the water-soluble sulphur trioxide is provided for in Directive 89/284/EEC.  3.  PRINCIPLE The sulphur is dissolved in cold water and converted into sulphate by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline medium.  4.  REAGENTS 4.1 Diluted hydrochloric acid:  One volume of hydrochloric acid (d = 1,18) plus one volume of water.  4.2 Sodium hydroxide solution containing at least 30 % NaOH (d = 1,33).  4.3 Hydrogen peroxide solution, 30 % w/w.  5.  APPARATUS 5.1 500 millilitre graduated Stohmann flask.  5.2 Rotary shaker, 30 to 40 turns per minute.  5.3 Electric hot plate with adjustable temperature.  6.  PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE See method 1.  7.  PROCEDURE 7.1 Test sample (a)  Where fertilizers contain a maximum of 3 % of sulphur (S) i. e. 7,5 % SO3, together with a maximum of 4 % of calcium (Ca) i. e. 5,6 % CaO, weigh out 5 grams of fertilizer to within one milligram.  (b)  Where fertilizers contain more than 3 % of sulphur (S) together with more than 4 % of calcium (Ca), weigh out one gram of fertilizer to within one milligram.  Place the test sample in a 500 millilitre flask (5.1).  7.2 Preparation of the solution Add approximately 400 millilitres of water. Stopper. Shake (5.2) for 30 minutes. Make up to volume with water and mix. Pass through a dry filter into a dry container. Stopper if the solution is not to be used immediately.  7.3 Oxidation of the aliquot portion to be analysed Take an alliquot portion of the extraction solution not exeeding 50 millilitre and, if possible, containing between 20 and 100 milligrams of sulphur (S).  Make up the volume to 50 millilitres with water, if necessary. Add three millilitres of sodium hydroxide solution (4.2) and two millilitres of hydrogen peroxide solution (4.3). Cover with a watch glass and boil gently for one hour on the hot plate  (5.3). Keep adding one millilitre increments of hydrogen peroxide solution for as long as the reaction continues (maximum quantity five millilitres).  Then leave to cool. Remove the watch glass and wash the underside into the beaker. Add approximately 20 millilitres of dilute hydrochloric acid (4.1). Make up to approximately 300 millilitres with water.  Determine the content of sulphates on the whole of the oxidized solution in accordance with method 8.9.    Method 8.5 EXTRACTION AND DETERMINATION OF ELEMENTAL SULPHUR  WARNING This method of analysis involves the use of carbon disulphide (CS2). Special safety measures must therefore be taken, in particular with regard to:  - the storage of CS2,  - protective equipment for staff,  - occupational hygiene,  - prevention of fires and explosions,  - disposal of the reagent.  This method requires a highly skilled staff and a suitably equipped laboratory.  1.  SCOPE This defines the procedure for extracting and determining the elemental sulphur contained in fertilizers.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to EEC fertilizers for which a declaration of the total sulphur in elemental form is provided for in Council Directive 89/284/EEC.  3.  PRINCIPLE After the removal of soluble compounds, elemental sulphur is extracted by using carbon disulphide, followed by gravimetric determination of the sulphur extracted.  4.  REAGENTS Carbon disulphide.  5.  APPARATUS 5.1 100 millilitre extraction flask with ground glass stopper.  5.2 Soxhlet apparatus, with the appropriate filter elements.  5.3 Vacuum rotary evaporator.  5.4 Electric oven, fan assisted, set at 90 ± 2 gC.  5.5 Porcelain petri dishes, five to seven centimetres in diameter, not exceeding five centimetres in height.  5.6 Electric hot plate with adjustable temperature.  6.  PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE See method 1.  7.  PROCEDURE 7.1 Test sample Weigh out five to ten grams of the sample to an accuracy of one milligram and place in the thimble of the Soxhlet apparatus (5.2).  7.2 Extraction of the sulphur Wash thoroughly the contents with hot water to remove all soluble compounds. Dry in the oven at 90 gC (5.4) for at least one hour. Place the filter in the Soxhlet apparatus (5.2).  Place a few glass beads in the flask of the apparatus (5.1) and weigh (P0), than add 50 millilitres of carbon disulphide (4.1).  Connect the apparatus and leave the elemental sulphur to be extracted for six hours. Switch off the heat and, after cooling, disconnect the flask. Connect the flask to the rotary evaporator (5.3) and evaporate until the contents of the flask have  solidified in a spongy mass.  Dry the flask in the oven at 90 gC (5.4) (generally one hour is necessary) until a constant weight is obtained (P1).  7.3 Determination of the purity of the elemental sulphur Certain substances may have been extracted by the carbon disulphide at the same time as the elemental sulphur. The purity of the elemental sulphur is determined as follows:  homogenize the contents of the flask as thoroughly as possible, and remove two to three grams, weighed to an accuracy of one milligram (n). Place in the Petri dish (5.5). Weigh dish and contents together (P2). Place on the hot plate (5.6) set at a  temperature not exeeding 220 gC so as not to cause combustion of the sulphur. Continue sublimation for three or four hours until a constant weight is obtained (P3).  NB: For some fertilizers, it may not be necessary to determine how pure the sulphur is. In this case, omit step 7.2.  8.  EXPRESSION OF RESULTS The percentage elemental sulphur (S) content of the fertilizer is as follows:    Impure S (%) of the fertilizer =  P¹-P0  × 100    Impure S (%) of the fertilizer = P1-P0 m  × 100    Purity of sulphur extracted (%) =  P2-P3  × 100   Purity of sulphur extracted (%) = P2-P3 n× 100    Pure S (%) of the fertilizer =  (P1-P0) (P2-P3)  × 100   Pure S (%) of the fertilizer = (P1-P0) (P2-P3) m × n  × 100  Where:  m = the mass of the test sample of fertilizer in grams,  P0 = the mass of the Soxhlet flask in grams,  P1 = the mass of the Soxhlet flask and the impure sulphur after drying,  n = the mass of the impure sulphur to be purified in grams,  P2 = the mass of the Petri dish,  P3 = the mass of the Petri dish after sublimation of the sulphuring.   Method 8.6 MANGANIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF EXTRACTED CALCIUM FOLLOWING PRECIPITATION IN THE FORM OF OXALATE  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for determining the calcium in fertilizer extracts.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to EEC fertilizers for which a declaration of the total and/or water-soluble calcium is provided for in Council Directive 89/284/EEC.  3.  PRINCIPLE Precipitation of the calcium contained in an aliquot of the extraction solution in the form of an oxalate, which is determined by titration using potassium permaganate.  4.  REAGENTS 4.1 Diluted hydrochloric acid:  One volume of hydrochloric acid (d = 1,18) and one volume of water.  4.2 1:10 dilute sulphuric acid:  one volume of sulphuric acid (d = 1,84) in ten volumes of water.  4.3 1:1 dilute ammonia solution:  one volume of ammonia (d = 0,88) and one volume of water.  4.4 Saturated solution of ammonia oxalate ((NH4)2 C2O4   H2O) at ambient temperature (approximately 40 grams per litre).  4.5 Citric acid solution, 30 % (m/v).  4.6 Ammonium chloride solution, 5 % (m/v).  4.7 Solution of bromothymol blue in ethanol, at 95 %, 0,1 % (m/v).  4.8 Solution of bromocresol green in ethanol, at 95 % 0,04 % (m/v).  4.9 Standard solution of potassium permanganate, 0,02 M.  5.  APPARATUS 5.1 Filter crucible with 5 to 20 m porosity sintered glass.  5.2 Hot water bath.  6.  PREPARATION OF THE ALIQUOT TO BE ANALYSED Using a pipette, take an aliquot portion of the extraction solution obtained by method 8.1 or 8.3, containing between 15 and 50 milligrams of Ca (= 21 to 70 milligrams of CaO). Let the volume of this aliquot be v2. Pour into a 400 millilitre beaker. If  necessary, neutralize (turning of indicator (4.7) from green to blue) with a few drops of the ammonia solution (4.3).  Add one millilitre of the citric acid solution (4.5) and five millilitres of ammonium chloride solution (4.6).  7.  PRECIPITATION OF THE CALCIUM OXALATE Add approximately 100 millilitres of water. Bring to the boil, add eight to 10 drops of indicator solution (4.8) and, slowly, 50 millilitres of a hot ammonium oxalate solution (4.4). If a precipitate forms, dissolve by adding a few drops of hydrochloric  acid (4.1). Neutralize very slowly with ammonia solution (4.3) while stirring continously to a pH of 4.4 to 4.6 (turning of indicator (4.8) from green to blue). Place the beaker in a boiling hot water bath (5.2) for approximately 30 minutes.  Remove the beaker from the bath, leave standing for an hour and filter into the crucible (5.1).  8.  TITRATION OF THE OXALATE PRECIPITATE Wash the beaker and crucible until the excess ammonium oxalate has been completely removed (this can be checked by the absence of chloride in the washing water). Place the crucible in the 400 millilitre beaker and dissolve the precipitate with 50  millilitres of hot sulphuric acid (4.2). Add water to the beaker in order to obtain a volume of approximately 100 millilitres. Bring to a temperature of 70 to 80 gC and titrate drop by drop with a permanganate solution (4.9) until the pink colour lasts  for a minute. Let this volume be n.  9.  EXPRESSION OF RESULTS The calcium (Ca) content of the fertilizer is as follows:    Ca (%) = n × 0,2004 ×  0,02  ×  v2 × m    Ca (%) = n × 0,2004 × t 0,02 × v1 v2 × m  Where:  n  = the number of millilitres of permanganate used,  m = the mass of the test sample in grams,  v2 = the aliquot volume in millilitres,  v1 = the volume of the extraction solution in millilitres,  t = the molarity of the permanganate solution in moles per litre.  CaO (%) = Ca (%) × 1,400.     Method 8.7 DETERMINATION OF MAGNESIUM BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for determining the magnesium in fertilizer extracts.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to EEC fertilizer extracts obtained by methods 8.1 and 8.3, for which a declaration of the total magnesium and/or water soluble magnesium is required, with the following exceptions:  fertilizers listed in the Annex to the Directive on secondary nutrients (89/284/EEC):  type 4 (kieserite),  type 5 (magnesium sulphate) and type 7 (kieserite with potassium sulphate) to which method 8.8 applies.  The method set out below applies to all fertilizer extracts containing elements in quantities that might interfere with the complexometric determination of magnesium.  3.  PRINCIPLE Determination of magnesium by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after appropriate dilution of the extract.  4.  REAGENTS 4.1 Hydrochloric acid, 1 M solution 4.2 Hydrochloric acid, 0,5 M solution 4.3 Standard solution of magnesium, 1,00 milligrams per millilitre.  4.3.1 Dissolve 1,013 grams of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4,7H20) in the 0,5 M hydrochloric acid solution (4.2).  4.3.2 Weigh out 1,658 grams of magnesium oxide (MgO), previously calcined to remove all traces of carbonation. Place in a beaker with 100 millilitres of water and 120 millilitres of 1 M hydrochloric acid (4.1). When it has dissolved, decant quantitatively  into a 1 000 millilitre graduated flask. Make up the volume by adding and mix.  or:  4.3.3 Commercial standard solution.  The laboratory is responsible for testing such solutions.  4.4 Strontium chloride solution.  Dissolve 75 grams of strontium chloride (SrCl2   6H2O) in a hydrochloric acid solution (4.2) and make up to 500 millilitres with the same acid solution.  5.  APPARATUS Spectrophotometer fitted for atomic absorption, with a magnesium lamp, set at 285,2 nm.  Air-acetylene flame.  6.  PREPARATION OF THE SAMPLE See methods 8.1 and 8.3.  7.  PROCEDURE 7.1 If the fertilizer has a declared magnesium (Mg) content of more than 6 % (i. e. 10 % as MgO), take 25 millilitres (V1) of the extraction solution (6). Transfer into a 100 millilitre graduated flask, and make up to volume with water and mix. The dilution  factor is D1 = 100/V1.  7.2 Using a pipette, take 10 millilitres of the extraction solution (() or the solution (7.1). Transfer into a 200 millilitre graduated flask. Make up to volume with the 0,5 M hydrochloric acid solution (4.2) and mix. The dilution factor is 200/10.  7.3 Dilute this solution (7.2) with the 0,5 M hydrochloric acid solution (4.2) so as to obtain a concentration in the optimum working field of the spectrophotometer (5.1). V2 is the volume of the sample in 100 millilitres. The dilution factor is D2 =  100/V2.  The final solution should contain 10 % v/v of the strontium chloride solution (4.4).  7.4 Preparation of blank solution Prepare a blank solution by repeating the whole procedure from the extraction (method 8.1 or 8.3), omitting only the test sample of fertilizer.  7.5 Preparation of calibration solutions By diluting the standard solution (4.3) with the 0,5 M hydrochloric acid, prepare at least five calibration solutions of increasing concentration within the optimum measuring range of the apparatus (5.1).  These solutions should contain 10 % v/v of the strontium chloride solution (4.4).  7.6.  Measurement Set up the spectrophotometer (5.1) at a wavelength of 285,2 nm.  Spray, successively, the calibration solutions (7.5), the sample solution (7.3) and the blank solution (7.4), washing the instrument through with the solution to be measured next. Repeat this operation three times. Plot the calibration curve using the  mean absorbances of each of the calibrations (7.5) as the ordinates and the corresponding concentration of magnesium in mg/ml as the abscissae. Determine the concentration of magnesium in the sample (7.3), Xs, and blank (7.4), Xb, by reference to the  calibration durve.  8.  EXPRESSION OF RESULTS Calculate the amount of magnesium (Mg) or magnesium oxide (MgO) in the sample by reference to the calibration solutions and taking into consideration the blank.  The percentage of magnesium (Mg) in the fertilizer is equal to:   Mg (%) =  (Xs-Xb) D1 (200/10) D2 500.100   Mg (%) = (Xs-Xb) D1 (200/10) D2 500.100 1 000.1 000 M  Xs = the concentration of the solution to be analysed recorded on the calibration curve, in mg/ml.  Xb = the concentration of the blank solution as recorded on the calibration curve, in mg/ml.  D1 = the dilution factor when the solution is diluted (7.1).  It is equal to four if 25 millilitres are taken.  It is equal to one when the solution is not diluted.  D2 = the dilution factor in 7.3.  M = the mass of the test sample at the time of extraction.  MgO (%) = Mg (%)/0,6   Method 8.8 DETERMINATION OF MAGNESIUM BY COMPLEXOMETRY  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for the determination of magnesium in fertilizer extracts.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to the following EEC fertilizer extracts for which the determination of total magnesium and/or water-soluble magnesium is provided for:  - fertilizers listed in Directive 76/116/EEC: straight nitrogenous fertilizers, type 1 b (calcium magnesium nitrate), type 7 (magnesium sulphonitrate), type 8 (nitrogenous fertilizers with magnesium) and straight potassic fertilizers, type 2 (enriched  kainite), type 4 (potassium chloride containing magnesium), type 6 (potassium sulphate containing magnesium salt),  - fertilizers listed in the Annex to the Directive on secondary nutrients (89/284/EEC).  3.  PRINCIPLE The magnesium is solubilized by methods 8.1 and/or 8.3. First titration: with EDTA of Ca and Mg in the presence of Eriochrome black T. Second titration: with EDTA of Ca in the presence of calcein or of calcone carbonic acid. Determination of magnesium  by difference.  4.  REAGENTS 4.1 Standard 0,05 molar solution of magnesium:  4.1.1 Dissolve 1,232 grams of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4 7H2O) in the 0,5 M hydrochloric acid solution (4.11) and make up to 100 millilitres with the same acid.  or:  4.1.2 Weigh out 2,016 grams of magnesium oxide, previously calcined to remove all traces of carbonation. Place it in a beaker with 100 millilitres of water.  Stir in approximately 120 millilitres of approximately 1 M hydrochloric acid (4.12).  After dissolution, transfer quantitatively into a graduated 1 000 millilitre flask. Make up to volume and mix.  One millilitre of these solutions should contain 1,216 milligrams of Mg (= 2,016 milligrams of MgO).  The laboratory is responsible for testing the strength of this standard solution.  4.2 0,05 molar solution of EDTA Weigh out 18,61 grams of the dihydrated disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic (C10H14N2Na2O82H2O), place it in a 1 000 millilitre beaker and dissolve in 600 to 800 millilitres of water. Transfer the solution quantitatively into a graduated 1 000 millilitre flask. Make up the volume and mix. Check this solution with the standard solution (4.1) by taking a sample of 20 millilitres of the latter and by titration according to the  analytical procedure described at (7.2).  One millilitre of the EDTA solution should correspond to 1,216 milligrams of Mg (= 2,016 milligrams of MgO) and to 2,004 milligrams of Ca (= 2,804 milligrams CaO) (see remarks 10.1 and 10.6).  4.3 0,05 molar standard solution of calcium Weigh out 5,004 grams of dry calcium carbonate. Place it in a beaker with 100 millilitres of water. Progressively stir in 120 millilitres of approximately 1 M hydrochloric acid (4.12).  Bring to the boil in order to drive off the carbon dioxide, cool, transfer quantitatively into a graduated one-litre flask, make up the volume with water and mix. Check this solution against the EDTA solution (4.2) following analytical procedure (7.3).  One millilitre of this solution should contain 2,004 milligrams of Ca (= 2,804 milligrams of CaO) and should correspond to one millilitre of the 0,05 molar EDTA solution (4.2).  4.4 Calcein indicator Carefully mix in a mortar one gram of calcein with 100 grams of sodium chloride. Use 10 milligrams of this mixture. The indicator changes from green to orange. Titration must be carried out until an orange is obtained which is free from green tinges.  4.5 Calcon carbonic acid indicator.  Dissolve 400 milligrams of calcon carbonic acid in 100 millilitres of methanol. This solution may only be kept for approximately four weeks. Use three drops of this solution. The indicator changes from red to blue. Titration must be carried out until a  blue is obtained which is free from red tinges.  4.6 Eriochrome black-T indicator Dissolve 300 milligrams of Eriochrome black-T in a mixture of 25 millilitres of propanol-1 and 15 millilitres of triethanolamine. This solution may only be kept for approximately four weeks. Use three drops of this solution. This indicator turns from  red to blue and titration must be carried out until a blue is obtained which is free from red tinges. It changes colour only when magnesium is present. If necessary add one millilitre of the standard solution (4.1).  When both calcium and magnesium are present the EDTA first forms a complex with the calcium and then with the magnesium. In that case two elements are determined concurrently.  4.7 Potassium cyanide solution Aqueous solution of KCN at 2 %. (Do not pipette by mouth and see 10.7).  4.8 Solution of potassium hydroxide and potassium cyanide Dissolve 280 grams of KOH and 66 grams of KCN in water, make up the volume to one litre and mix.  4.9 pH 10,5 buffer solution In a 500 millilitre graduated flask, dissolve 33 grams of ammonium chloride in 200 millilitres of water, add 250 millilitres of ammonia (d = 0,91) make up the volume with water and mix. Test the pH of the solution regularly.  4.10 Diluted hydrochloric acid: one volume of hydrochloric acid (d = 1,18) plus one volume of water.  4.11 Hydrochloric acid solution approximately 0,5 M.  4.12 Hydrochloric acid solution approximately 1 M.  4.13 Sodium hydroxide solution 5 M. 5.  APPARATUS 5.1 Magnetic or mechanical stirrer.  5.2 pH meter.  6.  CONTROL TEST Carry out a determination on aliquot parts of solutions (4.1 and 4.3) such that the Ca/Mg ratio is approximately equal to that of the solution to be analysed. To this end take (a) of standard solution (4.3) and (b-a) of standard solution (4.1). (a) and  (b) are the numbers of millilitre EDTA solution used in the two titrations performed on the solution to be analysed. This procedure is correct only if the solutions of EDTA, calcium and magnesium are exactly equivalent. If this is not the case, it is  necesary to make corrections.  7.  PREPARATION OF THE SOLUTION TO BE ANALYSED See methods 8.1 and 8.3.  8.  DETERMINATION 8.1.  Aliquot samples to be taken.  The aliquot part will as far as possible contain between nine and 18 milligrams of magnesium (= 15 to 30 milligrams of MgO).  8.2.  Titration in the presence of Eriochrome black-T Pipette an aliquot part (8.1) of the solution to be analysed into a 400 millilitre beaker. Neutralize the surplus acid with the 5 M sodium hydroxide solution (4.12) using the pH meter. Dilute with water to approximately 100 millilitres. Add 5  millilitres of the buffer solution (4.9). The pH measured by the meter must be 10,5 ± 0,1. Add 2 millilitres of the potassium cyanide solution (4.7) and three drops of the Eriochrome black-T indicator (4.6). Titrade with the EDTA solution (4.2).  Stirring gently with the stirrer (5.1) (see 10.2, 10.3 and 10.4). Let ´b' be the number of millilitres of 0,05 molar EDTA solution.  8.3.  Titration in the presence of calcein or of calcon carbonic acid Pipette an aliquot part of the solution to be analysed equal to that taken from the above titration and place it in a 400 millilitres beaker. Neutralize the surplus acid with the 5 M sodium hydroxide solution (4.13) using the pH meter. Dilute with water  to about 100 millilitres. Add 10 millilitres of the KOH/KCN solution (4.8) and the indicator (4.4) or (4.5). Stirring gently with the stirrer (5.1) titrate with the EDTA solution (4.2) (see 10.2, 10.3 and 10.4). Let ´a' be the number of millilitres of  0,05 molar EDTA solution.  9.  EXPRESSION OF THE RESULTS For the EEC fertilizers to which the method is applicable (5 grams of fertilizer in 500 millilitres of extract), the percentage content of the fertilizer is:    MgO (%) in the fertilizer =  (b-a) × T   MgO (%) in the fertilizer = (b-a) × T M    Mg (%) in the fertilizer =  (b-a) × T'   Mg (%) in the fertilizer = (b-a) × T' M  Where:  a  = the number of millilitres of 0,05 molar EDTA solution used for the titration in the presence of calcein or calcon carbonic acid,  b = the number of millilitres of 0,05 molar EDTA solution used for the titration in the presence of Eriochrome black-T,  M = the mass of the sample present in the aliquot part taken (in grams),  T = 0,2016 × molarity of the EDTA solution/0,05 (see 4.2),  T' = 0,1216 × molarity of the EDTA solution/0,05 (see 4.2).  10.  REMARKS 10.1.  The stoichiometric EDTA-metal ratio in the complexometric analyses is always 1:1 whatever the valency of the metal and in spite of the fact that EDTA is quadrivalent. The EDTA titration solution and the standard solutions will therefore be molar and not  normal.  10.2.  Complexometric indicators are often sensitive to air. The solution may lose colour during titration. In this case, one or two drops of indicator must be added. This is true particulary in the case of eriochrome black and calcon carbonic acid.  10.3.  The metal-indicator complexes are often relatively stable and it may take some time for the colour to change. The last drops of EDTA must therefore be added slowly and a drop of 0,05 molar solution of magnesium (4.1) or calcium (4.3) added to ensure  that the colour change has not already taken place. This is particularly true in the case of the eriochrome-magnesium complex.  10.4 The turning of the indicator must be observed not vertically, but horizontally across the solution and the beaker must be placed against a white background in a well-lit position. The turning of the indicator may also be observed easily by placing the  beaker on frosted glass lit moderately from below (25 watt lamp).  10.5.  This analysis requires a certain amount of experience. The task will involve, inter alia, observing the colour changes of standard solutions 4.1 and 4.3. It is recommended that the determinations be carried out by the same laboratory chemist.  10.6.  If an EDTA solution of guaranteed strength is used (Titrisol, Normex, for example) this may simplify the control of the equivalence of standard solutions 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3.  10.7.  The solutions containing potassium cyanide must not be poured down the sink until the cyanide has been converted into a harmless compound, for example, by oxidization with sodium hypochlorite following alkalinzation.    Method 8.9 DETERMINATION OF SULPHATES  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for determining the sulphur present in fertilizer extracts in the form of sulphates.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to the determination of sulphates present in the extractions performed in methods 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 and 8.4.  3.  PRINCIPLE Gravimetric determination as barium sulphate.  4.  REAGENTS 4.1.  Diluted hydrochloric acid:  One volume of hydrochloric acid (d = 1,18) and one volume of water.  4.2.  Barium chloride solution BaCl2 2H2O:122 grams per litre.  4.3.  Silver nitrate solution: 5 grams per litre.  5.  APPARATUS 5.1.  Porcelain crucibles.  5.2.  Hot water bath.  5.3.  Drying oven set at 105 °C ± 1 °C.  5.4 Electric oven set at 800 °C ± 50 °C.  6.  PROCEDURE 6.1.  Sampling of the solution Pipette an aliquot part of one of the extraction solutions indicated at 2 containing between 20 and 100 milligrams of S or 50 and 250 milligrams of SO3.  Place this aliquot in a beaker of suitable capacity. Add 20 millilitres of dilute hydrochloric acid (4.1). Make up to about 300 millilitres with water.  6.2 Preparation of the precipitate Bring the solution to the boil. Add, drop by drop, about 20 millilitres of the barium chloride solution (4.2) while stirring the solution vigorously. Boil for a few minutes.  Place the beaker, covered with a watch glass, in a boiling hot water bath (5.2) for an hour. Then leave standing hot (± 60 °C) until the supernatant liquor is clear. Decant the clear solution through a slow filtration ash-free filter. Wash the  precipitate several times with hot water. Continue to wash the precipitate on the filter until the filtrate is chloride free. This can be checked by using silver nitrate solution (4.3).  6.3.  Incineration and weighing of the precipitate Place the filter paper and precipitate in a porcelain cruible (5.1) previously weighed to the nearest 0,1 milligrams. Dry in the oven (5.3) and ash at approximately 800 °C for half an hour (5.4). Allow to cool in a desiccator and weigh to within 0,1  milligrams.  7.  EXPRESSION OF THE RESULTS One milligram of barium sulphate corresponds to 0,137 milligrams of S or to 0,343 milligrams of SO3.  The percentage S content of the fertilizer is as follows:    S (%) = w × 0,0137 ×  v2 × m   S (%) = w × 0,0137 × v1 v2 × m  SO3 (%) = S (%) × 2,5  Where:  w = the mass of the barium sulphate precipitate in milligrams,  v1 = the volume of the extraction solution in millilitres,  v2 = the aliquot volume in millilitres,  m = the mass of the test sample in grams.   Method 8.10 DETERMINATION OF THE SODIUM EXTRACTED  1.  SCOPE This document defines the procedure for determining the sodium in fertilizer extracts.  2.  FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to EEC fertilizers for which a decclaration of the sodium is provided for in Council Directive 89/284/EEC.  3.  PRINCIPLE Following suitable dilution of the extract obtained via method 8.1 and/or 8.3, the sodium content of the solution is determined by flame-emission spectrophotometry.  4.  REAGENTS 4.1.  Diluted hydrochloric acid:  One volume of hydrochloric acid for analysis (d = 1,18) plus one volume of water.  4.2.  Aluminium nitrate Al(NO3)3, 9H2O.  4.3.  Caesium chloride, CsCl.  4.4.  Anhydrous sodium chloride, NaCl.  4.5.  Caesium chloride and aluminium nitrate solution Dissolve in water 50 grams of caesium chloride (4.3) and 250 grams of aluminium nitrate (4.2) in a 1 000 millilitres graduated flask. Make up to volume with water and mix.  4.6.  Standard sodium solution of one milligram/millilitre of Na.  Dissolve in water 2,542 grams of sodium chloride (4.4) in a 1 000 millilitre graduated flask. Add 10 millilitres of hydrochloric acid (4.1). Make up to volume with water and mix.  5.  APPARATUS Spectrophotometer equipped for flame emission, set at 589,3 nm.  6.  CALIBRATION SOLUTIONS 6.1.  Place 10 millilitres of standard solution (4.6) in a 250 millilitre graduated flask. Make up to volume and mix. Concentration of solution: 40 mg/ml of Na.  6.2.  Place 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 millilitres of the intermediate solution (6.1) in 100 millilitres graduated flasks. Add 10 millilitres of the solution (4.5). Make up to volume and mix. Concentration of solutions: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 mg/ml of Na.  7.  PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS TO BE MEASURED Depending upon the forseeable sodium content of the extraction solution as in method 8.1 or 8.3 (five grams of fertilizer in 500 millilitres), carry out the dilutions in accordance with the following table:  Na2O (%) Na (%) Intermediate dilution Final dilution Sample (ml) (v2) Dilution to ml (v3) Sample (ml) (v4) Dilution to ml Degree of dilution  3-5  5-10 10-20 20-38 2,2-3,7 3,7-7,4 7,4-15 15-28 10 10 10  5  50 100 100 100 10 10  5  5 100 100 100 100  50 100 200 400  Make up the intermediate dilution with water. For the final dilution add ten millilitres of the solution (4.5) to the 100 millilitre graduated flask.  For a test sample of one gram multiply the volume of the final dilution (v4) by five.  8.  DETERMINATION Prepare the spectrophotometer (5.1) for the measurements at 589,3 nm. Calibrate the instrument by measuring the response of the calibration solutions (6.2). Then adjust the sensitivity of the instrument to use its entire scale when the most concentrated  calibration solution is used. Then measure the response of the sample solution to be analysed (7). Repeat this operation three times.  9.  CALCULATION OF RESULTS Draw a calibration curve by plotting the average response for each calibration solution along the ordinate and the corresponding concentrations, expressed in mg per millilitre on the abscissa. Determine from this the sodium concentration of the test  solution. Calculate the quantity of sodium from the standard solutions taking account of the levels of dilution. Express the results as a percentage of the sample.  The percentage sodium (Na) content of the fertilizer is as follows:   Na (%) = ×.  v3   v1   10-2   Na (%) = ×.  v3 v4 v1 v2 10-2 m  Na2O (%) = Na (%) × 1,348  Where:  x  = the concentration of the solution interduced into the spectrophotometer in mg/ml,  v1 = the volume of the extraction solution in millilitres,  v2 = the aliquot volume in the intermediate dilution in millilitres,  v3 = the volume of intermediatedilution in millilitres,  v4 = the aliquot volume in ml of the final dilution (in 100 millilitres),  m =The mass of the test sample in grams.'


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31970L0157

Council Directive 70/157/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the permissible sound level and the exhaust system of motor vehicles

Official Journal L 042 , 23/02/1970 P. 0016 - 0020 Finnish special edition: Chapter 15 Volume 1 P. 0117  Danish special edition: Series I Chapter 1970(I) P. 0095  Swedish special edition: Chapter 15 Volume 1 P. 0117  English special edition: Series I Chapter 1970(I) P. 0111  - 0116 Greek special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 1 P. 0061  Spanish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 1 P. 0189  Portuguese special edition Chapter 13 Volume 1 P. 0189

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE  of 6 February 1970  on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the permissible sound level and the exhaust system of motor vehicles  (70/157/EEC)  THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof;  Having regard to the proposal from the Commission;  Having regard to the Opinion of the European Parliament (1);  Having regard to the Opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2);  Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy pursuant to national laws relate, inter alia, to the permissible sound level and the exhaust system;  Whereas those requirements differ from one Member State to another ; whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the same requirements either in addition to or in place of their existing rules, in order, in particular, to allow the EEC type approval procedure which was the subject of the Council Directive (3) of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type approval of motor vehicles and their trailers to be applied in respect of each type of vehicle;  HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:    Article 1 For the purposes of this Directive, "vehicle" means any motor vehicle intended for use on the road, with or without bodywork, having at least four wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 kilometres per hour, with the exception of vehicles which run on rails, agricultural tractors and machinery and public works vehicles.   Article 2 No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type approval or national type approval of a vehicle on grounds relating to the permissible sound level or the exhaust system if its sound level and exhaust system satisfy the requirements set out in the Annex.   Article 3 The amendments necessary for adjusting the requirements of the Annex so as to take account of technical progress, with the exception of the requirements set out under items 1.1 and 1.4.1.4, shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of the Council Directive on the type approval of motor vehicles and their trailers.   Article 4 1. Member States shall put into force the provisions containing the requirements needed in order to comply with this Directive within eighteen months of its notification and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.  2. Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive are communicated to the Commission.   Article 5 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.     Done at Brussels, 6 February 1970.  For the Council  The President  P. HARMEL  (1)OJ No C 160, 18.12.1969, p. 7. (2)OJ No C 48, 16.4.1969, p. 16. (3)OJ No L 42, 23.2.1970, p. 1.     ANNEX   I. PERMISSIBLE SOUND LEVELS  I.1. Limits  The sound level of the vehicles referred to in Article 1 of this Directive, when measured under the conditions set out in this Annex, may not exceed the following levels: >PIC FILE= "T0002112">   I.2. Measuring instruments  The noise emitted by vehicles shall be measured by means of a sound-level meter of the type described in Publications 179,1st edition (1965), of the International Electrotechnical Commission.  I.3. Conditions of measurement  Measurements shall be made on unladen vehicles in a sufficiently silent and open area (ambient noise and wind noise at least 10 dB (A) below the noise being measured).  That area may take the form, for instance, of an open space of 50-metre radius having a central part of at least 20-metre radius which is practically level, surfaced with concrete, asphalt or similar material, and not covered with powdery snow, tall grass, loose soil or ashes.  The surface of the test track shall be such as not to cause excessive tyre noise. This condition applies only to measurement of the noise made by vehicles in motion.  Measurement shall be carried out in fine weather with little wind. No person other than the observer taking the readings from the apparatus may remain near the vehicle or the microphone, as the presence of spectators near either the vehicle or the microphone may considerably affect the readings from the apparatus. Marked fluctuations of the pointer which appear to be unrelated to the characteristics of the general sound level shall be ignored in taking readings.  I.4. Method of measurement  I.4.1. Measurement of noise of vehicles in motion (for type approval)  At least two measurements shall be made on each side of the vehicle. Preliminary measurements may be made for adjustment purposes but shall be disregarded.   The microphone shall be situated 1.2 metres above ground level at a distance of 7.5 metres from the path of the vehicle's centre line, CC, measured along the perpendicular PP" to that line (Figure 1).  Two lines AA" and BB", parallel to line PP" and situated respectively 10 metres forward and 10 metres rearward of that line, shall be marked out on the test track. Vehicles shall approach line AA" at a steady speed, as specified below. The throttle shall then be fully-opened as rapidly as practicable and held in the fully-opened position until the rear of the vehicle (1) crosses line BB" ; the throttle shall then be closed again as rapidly as possible.  The maximum sound level recorded shall constitute the result of the measurement.  I.4.1.1. Vehicles with no gearbox  The vehicle shall approach line AA" at a steady speed corresponding to the lowest of the three following speeds:    - an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the engine speed at which the engine develops its maximum power;       - an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the maximum engine speed permitted by the governor;       - 50 kilometres per hour.         I.4.1.2. Vehicles with a manually operated gearbox  I.4.1.2.1.- The second gear in the gearbox must be engaged if the vehicle is fitted with a two-speed, three-speed or four-speed gearbox;  I.4.1.2.2.- The third gear in the gearbox must be engaged if the box has more than four gears;  I.4.1.2.2.- if the transmission has a double gear ratio (transfer gearbox or two-speed rear axle assembly), the gearbox must be engaged in the ratio allowing the highest vehicle speed.  The vehicle shall approach line AA" at a steady speed corresponding to the lowest of the following three speeds:    - an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the engine speed at which the engine develops its maximum power;       - an engine speed equal to three-quarters of the maximum engine speed permitted by the governor;       - 50 kilometres per hour.         I.4.1.3. Vehicles with an automatic gearbox  The vehicle shall approach line AA" at a steady speed equal to the lowest of the following two speeds:    - 50 kilometres per hour;       - three quarters of the maximum speed.         Where there is a choice, the "normal" selector position for town driving is to be used.  I.4.1.4. Interpretation of results  I.4.1.4.1. To take account of inaccuracies in the measuring instruments, the result obtained from each measurement shall be determined by deducting 1 dB (A) from the meter reading.  I.4.1.4.2. The measurements shall be considered valid if the difference between two consecutive measurements on the same side of the vehicle does not exceed 2 dB (A).  (1)If the vehicle includes a trailer or semi-trailer, these shall not be taken into account in determining when line BB" is crossed.   I.4.1.4.3. The highest sound level measured shall constitute the test result. Should that result exceed by 1 dB (A) the maximum permissible sound level for the category of vehicle tested, two further measurements shall be made. Three of the four measurements thus obtained must fall within the prescribed limits.  >PIC FILE= "T0002113">   I.4.2. Measurement of noise of stationary vehicles  I.4.2.1. Position of sound-level meter  Measurements shall be made at point X (shown in Figure 2) at a distance of 7 metres from the nearest surface of the vehicle.  The microphone shall be situated 1.2 metres above ground level.  I.4.2.2. Number of measurements  At least two measurements shall be made.   I.4.2.3. Vehicle test conditions  The engine of a vehicle without a speed governor shall be run at three-quarters of the rpm speed at which, according to the vehicle manufacturer, it develops its maximum power. The rpm speed of the engine shall be measured by means of an independent instrument, e.g. a roller bed and a tachometer. If the engine is fitted with a governor preventing the engine from exceeding the speed at which it develops its maximum power, it shall be run at the maximum speed permitted by the governor.  Before taking any measurements, the engine shall be brought to its normal running temperature.  I.4.2.4. Interpretation of results  All sound-level readings recorded shall be given in the report.  The method used to calculate the engine power shall also be shown, where possible. The state of loading of the vehicle must also be given.  The measurements shall be considered valid if the difference between two consecutive measurements on the same side of the vehicle does not exceed 2 dB (A).  The maximum figure recorded shall constitute the result of the measurement.  >PIC FILE= "T0002114">   II. EXHAUST SYSTEM (SILENCER)   II.1. If the vehicle is fitted with a device designed to reduce the exhaust noise (silencer), the requirements of item II shall apply. If the inlet of the engine is fitted with an air filter which is necessary in order to ensure compliance with the permissible sound level, the filter shall be considered to be part of the silencer, and the requirements of item II shall also apply to that filter.   II.2. A drawing of the exhaust system shall be annexed to the vehicle type approval certificate.  II.3. The silencer must be marked with a reference to its make and type which is clearly legible and indelible.  II.4. The use of fibrous absorbent material is permitted in the construction of silencers only if the following conditions are fulfilled:  II.4.1. The fibrous absorbent material may not be placed in those parts of the silencer through which the gases pass.  II.4.2. Suitable devices must ensure that the fibrous absorbent material is kept in place for the whole time that the silencer is being used.  II.4.3. The fibrous absorbent material must be resistent to a temperature at least 20 % higher than the operating temperature which may occur in the region of the silencer where these fibrous absorbent materials are situated.


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31996L0011

Commission Directive 96/11/EC of 5 March 1996 amending Directive 90/128/EEC relating to plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs (Text with EEA relevance)

Official Journal L 061 , 12/03/1996 P. 0026 - 0030

COMMISSION DIRECTIVE 96/11/EC of 5 March 1996 amending Directive 90/128/EEC relating to plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs (Text with EEA relevance)THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,Having regard to Council Directive 89/109/EEC of 21 December 1988 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs (1), and in particular Article 3 thereof,After consulting the Scientific Committee for food,Whereas Article 3 (4) of Commission Directive 90/128/EEC (2), as last amended by Directive 95/3/EC (3), provides that, as from 1 January 1997, only those monomers and other starting substances listed in Annex II, Section A shall be used for the manufacture of plastic materials and articles, subject to the restrictions mentioned therein; whereas, however, it may be decided to postpone this time-limit, in some justified cases, for certain substances which may continue to be used at national level in accordance with Annex II, Section B;Whereas there are a certain number of substances for which the data requested by the Scientific Committee for Food have been supplied but not yet evaluated or are currently being or will be evaluated and therefore maintaining them is justified;Whereas there are a certain number of substances for which the data supplied to the Scientific Committee for Food permit the inclusion of these substances in the Community lists without any specific restriction;Whereas the Community measures envisaged by this Directive do not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the objectives already provided for in Directive 89/109/EEC;Whereas the measures provided for in this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Foodstuffs,HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:Article 1 Directive 90/128/EEC is amended as follows:1. Article 3 (4) is replaced by the following:'4. As from 1 January 2002, only those monomers and other starting substances listed in Annex II, Section A shall be used for the manufacture of plastic materials and articles, subject to the restrictions specified therein. However, the substances listed in Annex II, Section B may be deleted before the abovementioned date if the data requested for inclusion in Section A are not supplied in time to permit their evaluation by the Scientific Committee for Food.`2. Annex II is amended as follows:(a) the substances appearing in Annex I hereto are inserted in Section A in numerical order;(b) the substances appearing in Annex II hereto are deleted from Section B.3. In Annex III, the substances appearing in Annex III hereto are inserted in numerical order.Article 2 1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive not later than 1 January 1997. They shall immediately inform the Commission thereof. These laws and administrative provisions shall apply as follows:Member States should:- permit, as from 1 January 1997, the trade in and use plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs complying with this Directive;- prohibit, as from 1 January 1999, the manufacture and importation into the Community of plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs and which do not comply with this Directive.2. When Member States adopt the provisions provided for in paragraph 1, these shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such reference at the time of their official publication. The procedure for such reference shall be adopted by Member States.Article 3 This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Communities.Article 4 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.Done at Brussels, 5 March 1996.For the CommissionMartin BANGEMANNMember of the Commission(1) OJ No L 40, 11. 2. 1989, p. 38.(2) OJ No L 75, 21. 3. 1990, p. 19.(3) OJ No L 41, 23. 2. 1995, p. 44.ANNEX I >TABLE>ANNEX II >TABLE>ANNEX III >TABLE>


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31982L0347

Commission Directive 82/347/EEC of 23 April 1982 laying down certain provisions for implementing Council Directive 81/177/EEC on the harmonization of procedures for the export of Community goods

Official Journal L 156 , 07/06/1982 P. 0001 - 0005 Spanish special edition: Chapter 02 Volume 9 P. 0070  Portuguese special edition Chapter 02 Volume 9 P. 0070

++++COMMISSION DIRECTIVE  OF 23 APRIL 1982  LAYING DOWN CERTAIN PROVISIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 81/177/EEC ON THE HARMONIZATION OF PROCEDURES FOR THE EXPORT OF COMMUNITY GOODS   ( 82/347/EEC )  THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES ,  HAVING REGARD TO THE TREATY ESTABLISHING THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY ,  HAVING REGARD TO COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 81/177/EEC OF 24 FEBRUARY 1981 ON THE HARMONIZATION OF PROCEDURES FOR THE EXPORT OF COMMUNITY GOODS ( 1 ) , AND IN PARTICULAR ARTICLE 21 ( 2 ) THEREOF ,  WHEREAS , IN ORDER TO DEFINE CLEARLY THE OBLIGATIONS WHICH THE PERSON WHO DRAWS UP THE EXPORT DECLARATION MUST FULFIL PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 3 OF DIRECTIVE 81/177/EEC , IT IS NECESSARY TO SPECIFY THE PARTICULARS WHICH THE DECLARATION MUST CONTAIN AND THE DOCUMENTS WHICH MUST ACCOMPANY THAT DECLARATION ;  WHEREAS , IN ORDER TO ENSURE CORRECT APPLICATION OF EXPORT DUTIES AND OF ANY OTHER COMMUNITY PROVISIONS GOVERNING THE EXPORT OF GOODS , IT IS NECESSARY TO ESTABLISH PRACTICAL , UNIFORM PROCEDURES FOR THE EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS WHICH THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY MAY CARRY OUT PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 9 OF DIRECTIVE 81/177/EEC , AND IN PARTICULAR FOR THE TAKING OF SAMPLES WHICH THIS AUTHORITY MAY CARRY OUT FOR THE PURPOSES OF SUCH EXAMINATION ; WHEREAS , IN PARTICULAR , PROVISION MUST BE MADE FOR APPROPRIATE MEASURES TO DEAL WITH ANY REFUSAL ON THE PART OF THE DECLARANT TO BE PRESENT AT THE EXAMINATION AND TAKING OF SAMPLES , AT THE REQUEST OF THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY , WITH A VIEW TO RECTIFYING THE SUSPENDED OPERATION ;  WHEREAS , IN VIEW OF THE IMPORTANT CONSEQUENCES WHICH THE RESULTS OF VERIFICATION BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY OF THE EXPORT DECLARATION AND ITS ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS HAVE FOR THE CORRENT APPLICATION OF EXPORT DUTIES AND OF ANY OTHER COMMUNITY PROVISIONS GOVERNING THE EXPORT OF GOODS PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 10 ( 1 ) OF DIRECTIVE 81/177/EEC , THE PROCEDURE ACCORDING TO WHICH THIS AUTHORITY MUST SET OUT THESE RESULTS ON THE DECLARATION MUST BE LAID DOWN ;  WHEREAS , IN ORDER TO ENSURE UNIFORM IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE 13 OF DIRECTIVE 81/177/EEC , WHEREBY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY MAY AUTHORIZE EXPORT OF THE GOODS ONLY AFTER MAKING CERTAIN , WHERE APPROPRIATE , THAT THE DUTIES ENTERED IN THE ACCOUNTS HAVE BEEN PAID OR COVERED BY SECURITY , IT IS NECESSARY TO LAY DOWN THE RULES TO BE RESPECTED BY THAT AUTHORITY WHERE IT AUTHORIZES THE EXPORT OF THE GOODS WITHOUT HAVING THE RESULTS OF THE CHECKS THAT IT HAS UNDERTAKEN ;  WHEREAS THE PROVISIONS OF THIS DIRECTIVE SHALL APPLY WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO COUNCIL REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 1736/75 OF 24 JUNE 1975 ON THE EXTERNAL TRADE STATISTICS OF THE COMMUNITY AND STATISTICS OF TRADE BETWEEN MEMBER STATES ( 2 ) , AND TO COUNCIL REGULATION  ( EEC ) NO 2102/77 OF 20 SEPTEMBER 1977 INTRODUCING A COMMUNITY EXPORT DECLARATION FORM ( 3 ) ; WHEREAS THESE PROVISIONS SHALL NOT AFFECT THE SPECIAL PROVISIONS GOVERNING THE GRANTING OF EXPORT REFUNDS AND OTHER EXPORT AMOUNTS LAID DOWN WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY ;  WHEREAS THE PROVISIONS OF THIS DIRECTIVE ARE IN CONFORMITY WITH THE OPINION OF THE COMMITTEE ON GENERAL CUSTOMS RULES ,  HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE :  ARTICLE 1  THIS DIRECTIVE LAYS DOWN CERTAIN PROVISIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING ARTICLES 3 , 9 , 10 ( 1 ) AND 13 OF COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 81/177/EEC , HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AS  " THE BASIC DIRECTIVE " .  TITLE I  CONTENTS OF THE EXPORT DECLARATION  ARTICLE 2  1 . THE PARTICULARS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 3 ( 1 ) OF THE BASIC DIRECTIVE WHICH MUST BE CONTAINED IN THE EXPORT DECLARATION SHALL BE THE FOLLOWING :   ( A ) THE DECLARANT'S NAME AND ADDRESS AND , WHERE HE IS ACTING ON BEHALF OF A THIRD PARTY , THE LEGAL RELATIONSHIP UNDER WHICH HE DOES SO , WHERE SUCH INFORMATION IS NECESSARY FOR DETERMINING THE PERSON LIABLE FOR PAYMENT OF ANY EXPORT DUTIES ;   ( B ) WHERE THE DECLARANT IS NOT HIMSELF THE EXPORTER OF THE GOODS , THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE SAID EXPORTER ;   ( C ) IN RESPECT OF GOODS WHICH ARE UNDER A CUSTOMS PROCEDURE , A REFERENCE TO THAT PROCEDURE ;   ( D ) THE NUMBER , KIND , MARKS AND SERIAL NUMBERS OF PACKAGES CONTAINING THE GOODS DECLARED OR , IF THE GOODS ARE NOT PACKED , THE NUMBER OF ARTICLES COVERED BY THE DECLARATION OR THE WORD " BULK " , AS THE CASE MAY BE , AND THE PARTICULARS NECESSARY TO IDENTIFY SUCH UNPACKED GOODS ;   ( E ) THE LOCATION OF THE GOODS DECLARED , WHERE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CONSIDERS THIS NECESSARY ;   ( F ) IN THE CASE OF GOODS COVERED BY THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY , THE HEADING OR SUBHEADING OF THE GOODS IN THE COMMON CUSTOMS TARIFF NOMENCLATURE AND , IF NECESSARY , IN THE PARTICULAR AGRICULTURAL NOMENCLATURE WHICH MUST BE USED FOR THE OPERATION IN QUESTION , AND A DESCRIPTION OF THE SAID GOODS IN THE TERMS OF THAT NOMENCLATURE OR IN TERMS THAT ARE SUFFICIENTLY PRECISE TO ENABLE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY TO DETERMINE FORTHWITH AND UNAMBIGUOUSLY THAT THEY CORRESPOND TO THE TARIFF HEADING OR SUBHEADING SO DECLARED ;   ( G ) IN THE CASE OF GOODS OTHER THAN THOSE REFERRED TO UNDER ( F ) , THEIR DESCRIPTION IN TERMS THAT ARE SUFFICIENTLY PRECISE TO ENABLE THEM TO BE IDENTIFIED AND CHECKED ;   ( H ) IN THE CASE OF GOODS LIABLE TO EXPORT DUTIES OR GOODS IN RESPECT OF WHICH THE GRANT OF EXPORT REFUNDS OR OTHER EXPORT AMOUNTS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY WILL BE REQUESTED , A STATEMENT OF THE QUANTITY AND ANY ADDITIONAL PARTICULARS THAT MAY BE NECESSARY FOR APPLICATION OF SUCH DUTIES OR FOR THE CALCULATION OF SUCH REFUNDS OR AMOUNTS ;   ( I ) THE COUNTRY OF DESTINATION OF THE GOODS , WITHIN THE MEANING OF ARTICLE 12 OF REGULATION ( EEC ) NO 1736/75 ;   ( J ) THE SERIAL NUMBER , PRECEDED BY THE LETTER(S ) INDICATING THE MEMBER STATE ISSUING ANY EXPORT LICENCE OR ADVANCE-FIXING CERTIFICATE PRESENTED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS APPLICABLE IN RESPECT OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY ;   ( K ) ALL OTHER PARTICULARS NEEDED FOR APPLICATION OF THE RULES GOVERNING THE EXPORT OF THE GOODS .  2 . IN ADDITION TO THE PARTICULARS REFERRED TO IN PARAGRAPH 1 , THE MEMBER STATES MAY REQUIRE THAT THE FOLLOWING BE INCLUDED IN THE DECLARATION :   ( A ) THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE CONSIGNEE OF THE GOODS ;   ( B ) THE RATE OF ANY EXPORT DUTY APPLICABLE TO THE GOODS DECLARED ;   ( C ) FOR INFORMATION PURPOSES THE AMOUNT OF EXPORT DUTY , AS CALCULATED BY THE DECLARANT .  ARTICLE 3  1 . THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY MAY , SHOULD IT CONSIDER IT NECESSARY , REQUIRE TRANSPORT DOCUMENTS OR , AS THE CASE MAY BE , DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE PREVIOUS CUSTOMS PROCEDURE , TO BE PRODUCED WHEN THE DECLARATION IS LODGED .  WHERE A SINGLE ITEM IS PRESENTED IN TWO OR MORE PACKAGES , THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY MAY ALSO REQUIRE THE PRODUCTION OF A PACKING LIST OR EQUIVALENT DOCUMENT STATING THE CONTENTS OF EACH PACKAGE .  2 . THE ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS MUST BE KEPT BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY UNLESS PROVIDED OTHERWISE OR UNLESS THE DECLARANT REQUIRES THEM FOR OTHER OPERATIONS . IN THE LATTER CASE , THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY SHALL TAKE THE NECESSARY STEPS TO ENSURE THAT THE DOCUMENTS IN QUESTION CANNOT SUBSEQUENTLY BE USED EXCEPT IN RESPECT OF THE QUANTITY OR VALUE OF GOODS FOR WHICH THEY REMAIN VALID .  TITLE II  VERIFICATION OF THE EXPORT DECLARATION  A . DOCUMENTARY VERIFICATION  ARTICLE 4  WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO VERIFICATION CARRIED OUT BEFORE A DECLARATION IS ACCEPTED , FOR THE PURPOSE OF ASCERTAINING WHETHER IT IS ACCEPTABLE , THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY MAY , WHERE IT CONSIDERS THIS NECESSARY , CHECK THE DECLARATION AND THE DOCUMENTS ACCOMPANYING IT IN ORDER TO ENSURE , THAT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE LATTER CORRESPONDS TO THAT GIVEN IN THE DECLARATION .  B . EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS  ARTICLE 5  WHERE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY DECIDES TO EXAMINE A PART OF THE GOODS ONLY , IT SHALL INFORM THE DECLARANT OR HIS REPRESENTATIVE WHICH ITEMS IT WISHES TO EXAMINE . THE AUTHORITY'S CHOICE SHALL BE FINAL .  THE FINDINGS OF SUCH PARTIAL EXAMINATION SHALL APPLY TO ALL GOODS COVERED BY THE DECLARATION IN QUESTION . HOWEVER , THE DECLARANT MAY REQUEST A FURTHER EXAMINATION SHOULD HE CONSIDER THAT THE FINDINGS OF THE PARTIAL EXAMINATION ARE NOT VALID FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE GOODS DECLARED .  ARTICLE 6  1 . WHERE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY ELECTS TO EXAMINE GOODS , IT SHALL SO INFORM THE DECLARANT OR HIS REPRESENTATIVE .  2 . THE DECLARANT OR THE PERSON DESIGNATED BY HIM TO BE PRESENT AT THE EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS SHALL PROVIDE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY WITH THE ASSISTANCE REQUIRED TO FACILITATE ITS WORK . SHOULD THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CONSIDER THE ASSISTANCE GIVEN UNSATISFACTORY , IT MAY REQUIRE THE DECLARANT TO DESIGNATE ANOTHER PERSON ABLE TO GIVE THE NECESSARY ASSISTANCE .  3 . WHERE THE DECLARANT REFUSES TO BE PRESENT AT THE EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS OR TO DESIGNATE A PERSON ABLE TO GIVE THE ASSISTANCE WHICH THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CONSIDERS NECESSARY , THE LATTER SHALL SET THE DECLARANT A PERIOD IN WHICH TO COMPLY , UNLESS IT CONSIDERS THAT SUCH AN EXAMINATION MAY BE DISPENSED WITH .  IF , ON EXPIRY OF THE PERIOD LAID DOWN , THE DECLARANT HAS NOT COMPLIED WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY , THE LATTER SHALL PROCEED WITH THE EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS , AT THE DECLARANT'S RISK AND EXPENSE , CALLING , IF NECESSARY , ON THE SERVICES OF AN EXPERT OR OF ANY PERSON DESIGNATED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS IN FORCE .  FINDINGS MADE BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY DURING EXAMINATIONS CARRIED OUT UNDER THE CONDITIONS REFERRED TO IN THE PRECEDING SUBPARAGRAPH SHALL HAVE THE SAME VALIDITY AS IF THE GOODS HAD BEEN EXAMINED IN THE PRESENCE OF THE DECLARANT .  4 . INSTEAD OF THE PROVISIONS LAID DOWN IN PARAGRAPH 3 , MEMBER STATES MAY PROVIDE FOR THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY TO HAVE THE OPTION OF INVALIDATING THE DECLARATION IN CASES WHERE IT IS BEYOND DOUBT THAT THE DECLARANT'S REFUSAL TO BE PRESENT AT THE EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS OR TO DESIGNATE A PERSON ABLE TO GIVE THE NECESSARY ASSISTANCE IS NOT INTENDED TO PREVENT , NOR IN EFFECT PREVENTS , THAT AUTHORITY FROM FINDING THAT THE RULES GOVERNING THE EXPORT OF THE GOODS HAVE BEEN BREACHED .  C . TAKING OF SAMPLES  ARTICLE 7  1 . WHERE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY DECIDES TO TAKE SAMPLES , IT SHALL SO INFORM THE DECLARANT OR HIS REPRESENTATIVE .  SHOULD THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CONSIDER THIS DESIRABLE , IT MAY REQUIRE THE DECLARANT TO BE PRESENT AT THE TAKING OF SAMPLES , OR TO ARRANGE TO BE REPRESENTED BY A PERSON ABLE TO RENDER THE AUTHORITY THE NECESSARY ASSISTANCE .  2 . SAMPLES SHALL BE TAKEN BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY WHICH MAY , HOWEVER , ASK THAT THIS BE DONE UNDER ITS SUPERVISION BY THE DECLARANT OR A PERSON DESIGNATED BY HIM .  SAMPLES SHALL BE TAKEN IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE METHODS LAID DOWN IN THE PROVISIONS IN FORCE .  3 . QUANTITIES TAKEN AS SAMPLES SHOULD NOT EXCEED WHAT IS NEEDED FOR ANALYSIS OR DETAILED EXAMINATION , INCLUDING POSSIBLE CHECK ANALYSIS .  ARTICLE 8  1 . THE DECLARANT OR THE PERSON DESIGNATED BY HIM TO BE PRESENT AT THE TAKING OF SAMPLES SHALL RENDER TO THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY ALL THE ASSISTANCE NEEDED TO FACILITATE THE OPERATION . SHOULD THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CONSIDER THE ASSISTANCE GIVEN UNSATISFACTORY , IT MAY REQUIRE THE DECLARANT TO DESIGNATE ANOTHER PERSON ABLE TO GIVE THE NECESSARY ASSISTANCE .  2 . WHERE THE DECLARANT REFUSES TO BE PRESENT AT THE TAKING OF SAMPLES OR TO DESIGNATE A PERSON ABLE TO GIVE THE ASSISTANCE WHICH THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CONSIDERS NECESSARY , THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE 6 ( 3 ) AND  ( 4 ) SHALL APPLY .  ARTICLE 9  WHERE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY TAKES SAMPLES FOR ANALYSIS OR DETAILED EXAMINATION , IT SHALL AUTHORIZE EXPORT OF THE GOODS IN QUESTION WITHOUT WAITING FOR THE RESULTS OF THE ANALYSIS OR EXAMINATION , UNLESS THERE ARE OTHER GROUNDS FOR NOT DOING SO .  IN THIS CASE , THE PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE 14 SHALL APPLY .  ARTICLE 10  THE QUANTITIES TAKEN BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY AS SAMPLES SHALL NOT BE DEDUCTED FROM THE QUANTITY DECLARED .  THE DECLARANT MAY BE AUTHORIZED , WHERE CIRCUMSTANCES ALLOW , TO REPLACE THE QUANTITIES OF GOODS TAKEN AS SAMPLES BY IDENTICAL GOODS IN ORDER TO COMPLETE THE CONSIGNMENT .  ARTICLE 11  UNLESS DESTROYED BY THE ANALYSIS OR DETAILED EXAMINATION , THE SAMPLES TAKEN SHALL BE RETURNED TO THE DECLARANT , AT HIS REQUEST AND EXPENSE , ONCE THEY NO LONGER NEED TO BE KEPT BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY , IN PARTICULAR AFTER ALL THE DECLARANT'S MEANS OF APPEAL AGAINST THE DECISION TAKEN ON THE BASIS OF THE RESULTS OF THAT ANALYSIS OR DETAILED EXAMINATION HAVE BEEN EXHAUSTED .  WHERE THE DECLARANT DOES NOT ASK FOR SAMPLES TO BE RETURNED , THEY MAY EITHER BE DESTROYED OR KEPT TO FACILITATE CHECKING OF SUBSEQUENT OPERATIONS . IN SPECIFIC CIRCUMSTANCES , HOWEVER , THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY MAY REQUIRE THE DECLARANT TO REMOVE ANY SAMPLES THAT REMAIN .  D . ATTESTATION BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY  ARTICLE 12  1 . WHERE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CHECKS THE DECLARATION AND DOCUMENTS ACCOMPANYING IT OR EXAMINES THE GOODS , IT SHALL INDICATE , AT LEAST IN THE COPY OF THE DECLARATION RETAINED BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY OR IN A DOCUMENT ATTACHED TO IT , THE SUBJECT AND RESULTS OF ANY SUCH CHECK OR EXAMINATION . WHERE A PARTIAL EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS IS MADE , THE REFERENCES OF THE CONSIGNMENT EXAMINED SHALL ALSO BE GIVEN .  WHERE APPROPRIATE , THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY SHALL ALSO INDICATE IN THE DECLARATION THAT THE DECLARANT OR HIS REPRESENTATIVE WAS ABSENT .  2 . SHOULD THE RESULT OF THE CHECK ON THE DECLARATION AND DOCUMENTS ACCOMPANYING IT OR OF THE EXAMINATION OF THE GOODS NOT BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PARTICULARS GIVEN IN THE DECLARATION , THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY SHALL SPECIFY , AT LEAST IN THE COPY OF DECLARATION INTENDED FOR THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY OR IN THE DOCUMENT ATTACHED TO IT , THE PARTICULARS TO BE TAKENINTO ACCOUNT FOR THE PURPOSES OF CALCULATING THE EXPORT DUTIES OR EXPORT REFUNDS AND OTHER EXPORT AMOUNTS AND FOR IMPLEMENTING ANY OTHER COMMUNITY PROVISIONS GOVERNING EXPORT OF THE GOODS .  3 . THE ATTESTATION BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY SHALL BE DATED AND SHALL BEAR THE PARTICULARS NEEDED TO IDENTIFY THE OFFICIAL ISSUING IT .  4 . MEMBER STATES MAY PROVIDE FOR NO ENDORSEMENT TO BE MADE BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY ON THE DECLARATION OR ON THE DOCUMENT ATTACHED TO IT WHERE THE SAID AUTHORITY DOES NOT CHECK THE DECLARATION OR EXAMINE THE GOODS .  TITLE III  EXPORT AUTHORIZATION  ARTICLE 13  EXPORT AUTHORIZATION SHALL BE GIVEN ON A SINGLE OCCASION FOR ALL THE GOODS COVERED BY THE DECLARATION .  WHERE IT IS NECESSARY TO INDICATE THE DATE OF THE EXPORT AUTHORIZATION IN ORDER TO ENSURE THAT THE PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO THE GOODS COVERED BY THE DECLARATION ARE COMPLIED WITH , MEMBER STATES MAY PROVIDE FOR THIS INFORMATION TO BE GIVEN EITHER IN THE DECLARATION ITSELF OR IN ANY OTHER APPROPRIATE DOCUMENT .  ARTICLE 14  1 . WHERE , PENDING THE RESULT OF THE CHECKS THAT HAVE BEEN UNDERTAKEN , WHETHER IN ORDER TO VERIFY THE STATEMENTS MADE IN THE DECLARATION OR THE DOCUMENTS ACCOMPANYING IT OR TO EXAMINE THE GOODS , IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO ASCERTAIN THE PARTICULARS REQUIRED TO ASSESS THE EXPORT DUTIES OR EXPORT REFUNDS OR OTHER EXPORT AMOUNTS TO WHICH THE EXPORT OF THE GOODS MAY GIVE RISE , THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY SHALL , NONETHELESS , AUTHORIZE THE EXPORT OF THE GOODS IN QUESTION UNLESS THERE ARE OTHER GROUNDS FOR NOT DOING SO . WHERE THIS AUTHORIZATION IS GRANTED , THE AMOUNT OF EXPORT DUTIES ASSESSED ON THE BASIS OF THE STATEMENTS MADE IN THE DECLARATION SHALL BE ENTERED IN THE ACCOUNTS IMMEDIATELY .  WHERE THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY CONSIDERS THAT THE CHECKS WHICH IT HAS UNDERTAKEN MAY ENABLE ASSESSMENT OF EXPORT DUTIES HIGHER THAN THOSE RESULTING FROM THE STATEMENTS MADE IN THE DECLARATION , IT SHALL FURTHER REQUIRE THE LODGING OF A SECURITY SUFFICIENT TO COVER THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE AMOUNT REFERRED TO IN THE PREVIOUS SUBPARAGRAPH AND THE AMOUNT WHICH MAY FINALLY BE PAYABLE ON THE GOODS . HOWEVER , WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO THE SPECIFIC PROVISIONS APPLICABLE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY , MEMBER STATES MAY PROVIDE FOR DECLARANTS TO HAVE THE OPTION OF REQUESTING IMMEDIATE ENTRY IN THE ACCOUNTS OF THE AMOUNT OF DUTIES TO WHICH THE GOODS MAY ULTIMATELY BE LIABLE INSTEAD OF LODGING THIS SECURITY .  2 . WHERE THE AMOUNT OF EXPORT DUTIES ASSESSED ON THE BASIS OF THE CHECKS CARRIED OUT BY THE CUSTOMS AUTHORITY DIFFERS FROM THE AMOUNT WHICH RESULTS FROM THE STATEMENTS MADE IN THE DECLARATION , AUTHORIZATION TO EXPORT THE OODS SHALL GIVE RISE TO IMMEDIATE ENTRY IN THE ACCOUNTS OF THE AMOUNT THUS ASSESSED .  3 . WHERE DUTIES MUST BE IMMEDIATELY ENTERED IN THE ACCOUNTS AS PROVIDED FOR IN PARAGRAPHS 1 AND 2 , THIS SHALL BE DONE WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO ANY MEASURES TAKEN PURSUANT TO COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 78/453/EEC OF 22 MAY 1978 ON THE HARMONIZATION OF PROVISIONS LAID DOWN BY LAW , REGULATION OR ADMINISTRATIVE ACTION CONCERNING DEFERRED PAYMENT OF IMPORT DUTIES OR EXPORT DUTIES ( 4 ) .  TITLE IV  FINAL PROVISIONS  ARTICLE 15  WHERE AN EXPORT DECLARATION COVERS TWO OR MORE ARTICLES , THE PARTICULARS RELATING TO EACH ARTICLE SHALL BE REGARDED AS CONSTITUTING A SEPARATE DECLARATION .  ARTICLE 16  1 . THE MEMBER STATES SHALL BRING INTO FORCE THE MEASURES NECESSARY TO COMPLY WITH THIS DIRECTIVE NOT LATER THAN 1 JANUARY 1983 .  2 . EACH MEMBER STATE SHALL INFORM THE COMMISSION IMMEDIATELY OF THE MEASURES WHICH IT ADOPTS FOR THE PURPOSES OF IMPLEMENTING THIS DIRECTIVE . THE COMMISSION SHALL COMMUNICATE THIS INFORMATION TO THE OTHER MEMBER STATES .  ARTICLE 17  THIS DIRECTIVE IS ADDRESSED TO THE MEMBER STATES .  DONE AT BRUSSELS , 23 APRIL 1982 .  FOR THE COMMISSION  KARL-HEINZ NARJES  MEMBER OF THE COMMISSION  ( 1 ) OJ NO L 83 , 30 . 3 . 1981 , P . 40 .  ( 2 ) OJ NO L 183 , 14 . 7 . 1975 , P . 3 .  ( 3 ) OJ NO L 246 , 27 . 9 . 1977 , P . 1 .  ( 4 ) OJ NO L 146 , 2 . 6 . 1978 , P . 19 .


Avis juridique important

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31993L0034

Council Directive 93/34/EEC of 14 June 1993 on statutory markings for two- or three-wheel motor vehicles

Official Journal L 188 , 29/07/1993 P. 0038 - 0043 Finnish special edition: Chapter 7 Volume 4 P. 0244  Swedish special edition: Chapter 7 Volume 4 P. 0244

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 93/34/EECof 14 June 1993on statutory markings  for two- or three-wheel motor vehiclesTHE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard of the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 100a  thereof, Having regard to Council Directive 92/61/EEC of 30 June 1992 relating to the type-approval of two-  or three-wheel motor vehicles (1), Having regard to the proposal from the Commission (2), In cooperation with the Euroepan Parliament (3), Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (4), Whereas the internal market comprises an area without internal frontiers in which the free movement  of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured; whereas measures necessary to that end should  be adopted; Whereas, with regard to their statutory markings, in each Member State two- or three-wheel motor  vehicles must display certain technical characteristics laid down by mandatory provisions which  differ from one Member State to another; whereas, as a result of their differences, such provisions  constitute a barrier to trade within the Community; Whereas those obstacles to the establishment and operation of the internal market may be removed if  the same requirements are adopted by all Member States in place of their national rules; Whereas it is necessary to draw up harmonized requirements concerning statutory markings for two-  or three-wheel motor vehicles in order to enable the type-approval and component type-approval  procedures laid down in Directive 92/61/EEC to be applied for each type of such vehicle; Whereas, given the scale and impact of the action proposed in the sector in question, the Community  measures covered by this Directive are necessary, indeed essential, to achieve the aim in view,  which is to establish Community vehicle type-approval; whereas that aim cannot be adequately  achieved by the Member States individually; Whereas, with regard to the statutory markings applicable to two- or three-wheel motor vehicles,  this Directive does not prevent certain Member States from retaining, on a non-discriminatory  basis, specific mandatory provisions for the purposes of applying traffic regulations, provided  that such specific requirements concern the use of these vehicles and do not involve any  modifications in their construction likely to create an obstacle to Community type-approval of this  type of vehicle, HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: Article 1This Directive applies to the statutory markings for all types of  vehicles as defined in Article 1 of Directive 92/61/EEC. Article 2The procedure for the granting of component type-approval in respect of the statutory  markings for a type of two- or three-wheel motor vehicle and the conditions governing the free  movement of such vehicles shall be as laid down in Chapters II and III of Directive 92/61/EEC. Article 3Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of the Annexes to technical progress  shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Directive 70/156/EEC  (5). Article 41. Member States shall adopt and publish the provisions necessary to comply with this  Directive not later than 14 December 1994. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof. When the Member States adopt these provisions, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or  shall be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods  of making such a reference shall be laid down by the Member States. From the date mentioned in the first subparagraph Member States may not, for reasons connected with  statutory markings, prohibit the initial entry into service of vehicles which conform to this  Directive. They shall apply the provisions referred to in the first subparagraph as from 14 June 1995. 2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the provisions of national law  which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive. Article 5This Directive is addressed to the Member States. Done at Luxembourg, 14 June 1993. For the CouncilThe PresidentJ. TROEJBORG(1) OJ No L 225, 10. 8. 1992, p. 72. (2) OJ No C 293, 9. 11. 1992, p. 43. (3) OJ No C 337, 21. 12. 1992, p. 103 and OJ No C 176, 28. 6. 1993. (4) OJ No C 73, 15. 3. 1993, p. 22. (5) OJ No L 42, 23. 2. 1970, p. 1; Directive as last amended by Directive 92/53/EEC (OJ No L 225,  10. 8. 1992, p. 1).  ANNEX REQUIREMENTS CONCERNING STATUTORY MARKINGS FOR TWO- OR THREE-WHEEL MOTOR VEHICLES  1. GENERAL1.1. All vehicles must receive a plate and markings as described below. That plate and  those markings must be affixed by the manufacturer or his authorized representative. 2. MANUFACTURER'S DATA PLATE2.1. A manufacturer's data plate, a model of which is shown in  Appendix 1 must be firmly attached, at an easily accessible point, to a part which is normally not  likely to be replaced during use; it must be easily legible and contain the following information  in an indelible form, in the following order: 2.1.1. name of manufacturer; 2.1.2. type-approval mark as described in Article 8 of Council Directive 92/61/EEC of 30 June 1992  on the type-approval of two- or three-wheel motor vehicles; 2.1.3. the vehicle identification number (VIN); 2.1.4. the static sound level: . . . dB(A) at . . . rev/min. 2.2. The type-approval mark as required by section 2.1.2., the static sound level value and the  number of rev/minute as required by section 2.1.4. are not included in the component type-approval  of statutory markings. However, those pieces of information must be attached to all vehicles  manufactured in conformity with the type that has been approved. 2.3. Manufacturers may affix additional information below or to one side of the mandatory markings,  outside a clearly marked rectangle which contains only the information required by sections 2.1.1.  to 2.1.4. (see Appendix 1). 3. VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBERThe vehicle identification number consists of a structured  combination of characters assigned to each vehicle by their manufacturer. Its purpose is to enable  any vehicle to be identified unambiguously via its manufacturer - without any need for any other  information - for a period of 30 years. The identification must meet the following requirements: 3.1. the vehicle identification number must be entered on the manufacturer's data plate. It must  also be hammered or punched in such a way as to avoid obliteration or change on the chassis or  frame at a point such that it can easily be accessible, and it must be situated on the right half  of the vehicle; 3.1.1. the vehicle identification number must be in three parts as indicated hereafter: 3.1.1.1. the first part consists of a code assigned to the vehicle manufacturer enabling that  person to be identified. The code shall consist of three characters (letters or digits) issued by  the competent authorities in the country in which the manufacturer has his registered address in  line with the practice of the international agency acting on the authorization of the International  Organization for Standardization (ISO). The first character designates a geographical area, the  second a country within a geographical area and the third character a particular manufacturer.  Where the manufacturer produces less than 500 vehicles per year the third character is always a 9.  In order to identify that manufacturer the authority referred to above shall also issue the third,  fourth and fifth characters of the third part; 3.1.1.2. the second part consists of six characters (letters or digits) for the purpose of  describing the general characteristics of the vehicle (type, variant and version); each  characteristic may be represented by two characters. If its manufacturer does not use one or more  of those characters the unused spaces must be filled by alphabetical or numerical characters, the  choice being left to the manufacturer; 3.1.1.3. the third part consists of eight characters, the last four of which are required to be  numerical and, in combination with the two other parts, must enable a particular vehicle to be  clearly identified. Any unused position must be filled by a 0 in order to obtain the requisite  total number of characters; 3.1.2. the vehicle identification number must, wherever possible, occupy a single line. By way of  an exception and for technical reasons it may also occupy two lines. However, in this case there  must be no breaks within any of the three parts; the beginning and end of each line must be marked by a symbol which is neither an Arabic numeral  nor a capital Latin letter, nor must it be possible to confuse this with any such character. An  exemption may be granted if the number is entered on a single line on the manufacturer's data  plate. The introduction of said symbol within a line between the three parts (section 3.1.1) is  also authorized; There must be no spaces between the characters. 4. CHARACTERS4.1. Latin letters and Arabic numerals must be used for all of the markings provided  for in sections 2 and 3. However, the Latin letters used for the information provided for in  sections 2.1.1, 2.1.3 and 3 must be capital letters. 4.2. In the vehicle identification number: 4.2.1. letters I, O and Q, or dashes, asterisks or other specific signs are prohibited; 4.2.2. letters and figures shall have the following minimum heights: 4.2.2.1. 4 mm in the case of characters entered directly on the chassis or frame or any other  similar vehicle structure; 4.2.2.2. 3 mm in the case of characters entered on the manufacturer's data plate. Appendix 1 Example of manufacturer's data plateThe example below in no way affects the  information actually set out on manufacturer's data plates, nor the dimensions of the plate itself,  the figures or letters. It is given solely by way of an example. The additional information referred to in section 2.3 may be entered below or on one side of the  information required in the following rectangle. >START OF GRAPHIC><?aeUA16à><?aeTSà><?aeVCà><?aeRT2Y3à><?aeTF10à><?aeTBà><?aeTCà>STELLA FABBRICA  MOTOCICLI <?aeFN10à>e3 5364 <?aeFN10à>3 G S K L M 3 A C 8 B 1 2 0 0 0 0 <?aeFN10à>80 dB  (A) - 3 750 t/m<?aeFN10à><?aeTBà><?aeRT2Y3à><?aeTEà><?aeUA17à"END OF GRAPHIC>Legend: In the above example of a plate the vehicle concerned has been made by 'Stella Fabbrica Motocicli'  and type-approved in Italy (e3), under number 5364. The identification number (3GSKLM3AC8B120000) gives the following information: - first part (3GS): - 3: geographical area (Europe); - G: country within the geographical area (Germany); - S: manufacturer (Stella Fabbrica Motocicli); - second part (KLM3AC): - KL: type of vehicle; - M3: variant (vehicle bodywork); - AC: version (vehicle engine); - third part (8B120000): - 8B12: identification of the vehicle and combination of the two other parts of the identification  number; - 0000: unused positions that have been filled by a 0 in order to make up the total number of  characters required. The static sound level is 80 dB(A) at 3 750 rev/min. Appendix 2 Information document in respect of statutory markings for a type of two or three-wheel  motor vehicle(to be attached to the application for component type-approval where this is  submitted separately from the application for vehicle type-approval)Order No (assigned by the  applicant): . The application for component type-approval in respect of statutory markings for a type of two or  three-wheel motor vehicle shall contain the information set out in Annex II to Directive 92/61/EEC;  Part A, sections: - 0.1- 0.2- 0.4 to 0.6- 9.3.1 to 9.3.3. Appendix 3 Name of administrationComponent type-approval certificate in respect of statutory  markings for a type of two- or three-wheel motor vehiclesMODELReport No . by technical service .  date . Component type-approval No: . Extension No: . 1. Trade mark or name of vehicle: . 2. Type of vehicle: . 3. Manufacturer's name and address: . . 4. Name and address of manufacturer's representatives (if any): . . 5. Date vehicle submitted for test: . 6. Component type-approval granted/refused (1): 7. Place: . 8. Date: . 9. Signature: . (1) Delete as appropriate.


Avis juridique important

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31978L0507

Commission Directive 78/507/EEC of 19 May 1978 adapting to technical progress Council Directive 76/114/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to statutory plates and inscriptions for motor vehicles and their trailers, and their location and method of attachment

Official Journal L 155 , 13/06/1978 P. 0031 - 0033 Finnish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 8 P. 0136  Greek special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 7 P. 0120  Swedish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 8 P. 0136  Spanish special edition: Chapter 13 Volume 8 P. 0186  Portuguese special edition Chapter 13 Volume 8 P. 0186

COMMISSION DIRECTIVE  of 19 May 1978  adapting to technical progress Council Directive 76/114/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to statutory plates and inscriptions for motor vehicles and their trailers, and their location and method of attachment  (78/507/EEC)  THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,  Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community,  Having regard to Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type approval of motor vehicles and their trailers (1), as amended by the Act of Accession, and in particular to Articles 11, 12 and 13 thereof,  Having regard to Council Directive 76/114/EEC of 18 December 1975 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to statutory plates and inscriptions for motor vehicles and their trailers, and their location and method of attachment (2),  Whereas the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has now adopted two International Standards relating to a world classification system enabling the manufacturer of a vehicle (3), and also a vehicle (4) to be identified ; whereas it is therefore advisable to incorporate this system of manufacturer identification into Directive 76/114/EEC and, at the same time, to align the requirements of said Directive with the ISO Standard relating to vehicle identification;  Whereas the provisions of this Directive are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee on the Adaptation to Technical Progress of the Directives Aimed at the Removal of Technical Barriers to Trade in the Motor-Vehicle Sector,  HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:    Article 1 The Annex to Directive 76/114/EEC is amended as shown in the Annex to this Directive.   Article 2 1. With effect from 1 October 1978 no Member State may on grounds relating to the statutory plates and inscriptions, their location and method of attachment:    - refuse in respect of a type of vehicle to grant EEC type-approval, to issue the document referred to in the last indent of Article 10 (1) of Directive 70/156/EEC, or to grant national type-approval, or       - prohibit the entry into service of vehicles,         if the statutory plates and inscriptions, their location and attachment of such type of vehicle or of such vehicles comply with the provisions of Directive 76/114/EEC as amended by this Directive.  2. With effect from 1 October 1981 Member States:    - may no longer issue the document referred to in the last indent of Article 10 (1) of Directive 70/156/EEC in respect of a type of vehicle of which the statutory plates and inscriptions, their location and attachment do not comply with the provisions of Directive 76/114/EEC as amended by this Directive;       - may refuse to grant national type-approval in respect of a type of vehicle of which statutory plates and inscriptions, their location and attachment do not comply with the provisions of Directive 76/114/EEC as amended by this Directive.         3. With effect from 1 October 1981 Member States may prohibit the entry into service of vehicles of which the statutory plates and inscriptions, their location and attachment do not comply with the provisions of Directive 76/114/EEC as amended by this Directive.   Article 3 The Member States shall bring into force the provisions necessary to comply with this Directive not later than 1 October 1978 and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.   Article 4 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.     Done at Brussels, 19 May 1978.  For the Commission  Étienne DAVIGNON  Member of the Commission  (1)OJ No L 42, 23.2.1970, p. 1. (2)OJ No L 24, 30.1.1976, p. 1. (3)International Standard ISO 3780, 1.2.1976. (4)International Standard ISO 3779, 15.6.1977.      ANNEX Amendments to the Annex to Council Directive 76/114/EEC of 18 December 1975  Point 2.1.2, fifth line:  The phrase "DK for Denmark", shall be replaced by "18 for Denmark,".  Note (1) shall be replaced by the following:  "(1) If a vehicle has not been given EEC type-approval and therefore does not have an EEC type approval number, a Member State may require that the national type-approval number be indicated. If a national type-approval number is required to be indicated the manufacturer can place it either on a plate separate from the manufacturer's plate or on the manufacturer's plate itself."   In points 2.1.4, 2.1.5, 2.1.6, 2.1.7 and 2.1.8:  "weight" shall read "mass".  Point 3.1 shall be amended to read as follows:    3.1. It must be marked on the manufacturer's plate, and also on the chassis, frame or other similar structure.      3.1.1. It must consist of three sections.        3.1.1.1. The first section shall consist of a code assigned to the vehicle manufacturer to enable him to be identified. The code shall comprise three characters, letters or figures which shall be assigned by the competent authorities of the country where the manufacturer has his principal place of business, by agreement with the international agency acting under the authority of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The first character shall designate a geographical area, the second a country within a geographical area, and the third a specific manufacturer.  Where the manufacturer produces less than 500 vehicles per year, the third character shall always be "9". In order to identify such manufacturers, the competent authority referred to above shall also assign the third, fourth and fifth characters of the third section.               3.1.1.2. The second section shall be composed of six characters (letters or figures) which shall serve to indicate the general characteristics of the vehicle. If the manufacturer does not use one or more of these characters, the unused spaces must be filled by alphabetical or numerical characters, of the manufacturer's choice.               3.1.1.3. The third section, composed of eight characters, of which the last four must be numerical, must in conjunction with the other two sections provide clear identification of a particular vehicle. Any unused space must be filled by a zero in order that the total number of characters required may be fulfilled.                          3.1.2. It must wherever possible be marked on a single line.  As an exception, for technical reasons, it may also be marked on two lines. However, in this latter case no section may be divided between the two lines. The beginning and end of each line must be indicated by a symbol which is neither an arabic numeral nor a roman capital letter, and which cannot be confused with either. This requirement may be waived in the case of manufacturer's plates where the number is marked on one line only. It is also permissible to place such a symbol between the three sections on one line (point 3.1.1).  There must be no spaces between the characters.           APPENDIX MODEL OF THE MANUFACTURER'S PLATE  The examples below do not prejudice the data which are actually to appear on manufacturers'plates. They are merely given as a guide.  Example No 1 >PIC FILE= "T0013157">   Example as for category M1 vehicle.  Additional information as provided for in 2.2 may be given below or to the side of the prescribed data (see rectangles shown with dotted lines in the above model).  Example No 2 >PIC FILE= "T0013158">   Example as for category N3 vehicle.  Additional information as provided for in 2.2 may be given below or to the side of the prescribed data (see rectangles shown with dotted lines in the above model).