Paternal postpartum depression (PPD) within the first postpartum year is estimated to occur in 4% to 25% of new fathers. Paternal PPD occurs later postpartum in men than in women, and results in father/infant bonding issues, may lead to long term effects for the child, and has detrimental effects on the couple's relationship. Risk factors of paternal PPD include the mother having PPD, the father having a history of depression, being under 25, and being unmarried. Recent evidence suggests that paternal PPD may be related to sensitivity to low testosterone in some men. Childbirth professionals have the opportunity to raise awareness of this issue through pre and postnatal education of both parents.