To investigate the aerodynamic effect of wind barriers on a high-speed train-bridge system, a sectional model test was conducted in a closed-circuit-type wind tunnel. Several different cases, including with and without barriers, with different barrier heights and porosity rates, and with different train arrangements on the bridge were taken into consideration; in addition, the aerodynamic coefficients of the train-bridge system were measured. It is found that the side force and rolling moment coefficients of the vehicle are efficiently reduced by a single-side wind barrier, but for the bridge deck these values are increased. The height and porosity rate of the barrier are two important factors that influence the windbreak effect. Train arrangement on the bridge will considerably influence the aerodynamic properties of the train-bridge system. The side force and rolling moment coefficients of the vehicle at the windward side are larger than at the leeward side.