Oral food challenges have a crucial role in the complex process in diagnosing food allergy. Especially in case of an unclear medical history, food challenges help to validate the clinical relevance of a sensitization to food allergens or to re-evaluate the diagnosis. In particular in infants and young children, a precise diagnosis of a suspected food allergy is of major importance, in order to avoid unneeded, restrictive elimination diets or to prescribe an appropriate dietary supplementation. Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges (DBPCFC) are considered the gold standard procedure. This article provides hands-on procedures for the conduction of oral food challenges in the pediatric population, with focus on the most common IgE-mediated food allergies in this patient group.