Aim: To assess the protective role of breast-feeding in infants with CMPA-related AEDS as well as IL-10 utility as marker of disease evolution. Methods: 64 breast-feeding children with CMPA-related AEDS (31 males and 33 females; mean age 5.56 +/- 2.41 months; 21 mild AEDS; 25 moderate AEDS; 18 severe AEDS) and 60 artificial feeding babies (33 males and 27 females; mean age 6.01 +/- 2.08 months; 26 mild AEDS; 19 moderate AEDS; 15 severe AEDS) were evaluated. In all patients serum IL-10 levels were detected. Results: Significant Score Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) index point differences between breastfed and not breastfed children (p <0.001) have been detected. The serum IL-10 levels were lower in children with CMPA-related AEDS as compared to the healthy control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, a significant inverse correlation between serum IL-10 levels and SCORAD in both enrolled groups has been also noted. In particular, IL-10 levels, in both groups, were significantly lower in children with severe symptoms. Conversely, serum IL-10 levels were significantly increased in children with mild-severe symptoms in both groups. Furthermore, breastfed children, with lower severe symptoms, had higher serum IL-10 levels. Finally, serum total IgE levels were negatively correlated with serum IL-10 levels in both breastfed and non-breastfed children with CMPA-related AEDS (p < 0.001). Conclusions: We reported that exclusive breast-feeding induces hyposensitization in children with CMPA-related AEDS and it is associated with minor disease severity and higher serum IL-10 levels, resulting as useful disease-monitor marker. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.