Objective: Different biomaterials have been used as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of bovine bone collagen to the porosity, water retention, degradation rate and biomechanical characteristics of composite scaffolds. Methods: Bovine bone collagen solution was mixed with cellulose nanofibers solution, and then the mixture was added a certain quality of hydroxyapatite. We divided the mixture into two groups according to the different bovine bone collagen solution mass fraction: No. 1 (0 % bovine bone collagen), No. 2 (50 % bovine bone collagen). The surface structure and the pore size was observed under the Scanning electron microscopic. Then we calculated the porosity, degradation rate, water content and biomechanical properties. Results: Two groups of scaffold materials showed a multi-pore structure. The average pore size were 133.4 +/- 13.5 mu m and 221.7 +/- 16.8 mu m. The porosity was (91.65 +/- 1.75) % and (85.42 +/- 1.48) %. Statistical analysis showed that two groups of material porosity difference were statistically significant (P<0.05). The degradation rates of two groups of scaffold materials at six weeks were (60.25 +/- 1.81) % and (23.16 +/- 1.027) %. Statistical analysis showed that the degradation rate of the material differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Water content of two groups of scaffold materials was (97.44 perpendicular to 0.98 % and (91.36 perpendicular to 0.77) %. Statistical analysis showed that the water content of the material differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Biomechanical properties of the second group increased significantly. Conclusion: It could be seen from the experimental data that bovine bone collagen could increase the pore size, improved stability to degradation and the biomechanical strength of materials. Therefore, the biocomposite studied has several characteristics considered as ideal for its use as a scaffold for osteoconduction and osteoinduction.