Transparent concrete is a cement-based building material which has optical properties due to the embedded light transmitting elements within the composite. In this study, the design of transparent concrete, its mechanical properties, light transmission properties of optical fibers and the use of optic fibers were discussed. The study was performed as a literature review, and it was focused on the light absorption of translucent concrete, transmission, the mechanism and losses in the transmission. Information was given about their strength, materials and proportions. As a result, it was determined that the lighting power consumption will be reduced by utilizing the sun as the light source in buildings by the use of transparent concrete. Moreover, it is seen that it provides architecturally aesthetic structures.