In the paper, the seismic damage information of six kinds of buildings, including Brick and concrete structure, the bottom frame brick and concrete structure, frame construction, Big span structure, special structure, farmhouse, were collected. Based on the architecture type, damage degree, height of house, the seismic damage information were statistic analysis in the damage characteristic of the structure. And on the basis of the damage characteristic, the dynamic response and earthquake resistance mechanism were studied. The correlation among site feature, structure type, strength of materials, construction technology and the seismic damage of structure were discussed.