This paper presents a new infrastructure for creating specialized databases and database management systems (DBMSs). Some principles of this infrastructure are formulated based on an analysis of various NoSQL solutions. The main features of the proposed approach are: (a) a flexible system of type definitions that allows one to create data structures based on different paradigms and (b) different forms of supporting structured data and mapping them onto the file system. Experiments are carried out to implement RDF graphs, relational tables, name tables, and object-relational mappings. The proposed approach allows one to solve certain problems of developing new technologies for working with Big Data.