Objective. - To explore the clinical and allergologic characteristics of pediatric asthma, in Lambarene (Gabon). Patients and methods. - A descriptive cohort study consisted of children with wheezing respiratory disease, included consecutively from January to July 2014. Clinical evaluation, skin tests, functional capacity measurements and environmental characterization have been achieved. Results. - Seventy-three patients aged from 2 to 18 years were included. The diagnosis of asthma was retained in 58 children. Rhinitis and eczema symptom were frequent (77.6 % and 32.7 %). Clinical scores showed 3.4 % of severe persistent asthma, 5.2 % of moderate asthma, 25.8 % of mild persistent asthma and 65.5 % of intermittent asthma. The presence of domestic animals (35 %) or smokers (26 %) were uncommon. Only 15.5 % of asthmatics have sporadically received a prolonged treatment with inhaled corticosteroids. The functional tests showed 4 severe obstructive syndromes, including 3 reversible, 24 moderate obstructive syndromes, including 7 reversible. Sixty-one percent of the tested patients have positive prick test to at least one allergen. A percentage of 51.7 of asthmatic patients were sensitized to dust mites, 26 % to cockroaches, 13.8 % to dog, 13,8 % to grasses, 13.8 % to peanuts, and 6 % to Alternaria. House dust samples have revealed small amounts of dermatophagoides. Conclusion. - Asthma is a medical condition affecting the pediatric population in semi-rural areas in Gabon, the number of severe asthma is however low. In two thirds of cases, sensitization to allergens from the home environment are observed. This should lead to better overall care, including optimization of allergen avoidance, drug therapy and development of therapeutic patient education. (C) 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.