In the past 40 years, since the publication of Progress in Biochemistry and Biophysics, especially after carry out the reform and opening policies, biochemistry research in China has been achieved great successes. Quite number aspects had their position in international biochemical research; some had been at the leading position. Beside enzymology, biological membranes and structure biology, they have their own paper for introduction in this issue, the present paper describe progresses mainly on total synthesis of yeast alanine transfer RNA; cloning and study on hepatitis B virus adr subtype; genome study on human genome, rice genome and some other genomes; functional genomics study found certain oncogene or disease related gene, as well as rice genes which correspond to relative trait; developed technology for molecular breeding in plants; important results were obtained on gene expression and regulation in animals, plants and yeast; new break through were obtained in RNA research, which include tRNA, SnoRNA, and ribozyme; good results also had been obtained in research on peptide, protein, proteomics and glucoconjugates.