Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a main public health problem in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Iran, known as the MATI region. During the biennial meeting of Pasteur Institutes of the MATI region in November 2016 in Tehran, a Leishmania panel formed of scientists with different expertise in CL research from the MATI and Institut Pasteur in Paris, proposed a new consortium to develop an integrative research approach to better understand this disease. The proposed consortium synergizes three complementary thematics on Leishmania genetics, host immune response, and vector transmission. Moreover, assessing the social impact of CL with the aim to raise awareness at both the national and international levels will be a major focus of this consortium.