In this paper, theoretical analysis and simulation of a simply supported circular cylindrical shell under linearly changed temperature filed is proposed. The influence of material properties and internal thermal into the change to the equivalent stiffness of the structure is considered. The difference of the influence of material properties and internal thermal was discussed. A dynamic modeling of variable Stiffness cylindrical shells under the action of temperature field was built, considering the influence of Young's modulus to the basic frequency in different modes. Based on the above theory, piezoelectric material was used as actuator to eliminate the effects of the thermal environment. And the direction of the research is to enhance the performance of the structures on the base of general materials by using smart material and effective control methods in the future.