The potential of nanotechnology to make it possible to acquire and manipulate very large sets of data raises fundamental questions about privacy and human dignity. Medical privacy allows a person to withhold their medical records and other information from others, perhaps because of fears that it might affect their insurance coverage or employment, or to avoid the embarrassment caused by revealing medical conditions or treatments. The emerging 'nanoneuroimplants' have given rise to new policy issues. Such developments could be used to achieve greater safety, security and individualized healthcare, and could offer advantages to business (for example in tracking and other monitoring of materials and products). However, the same devices might be used in ways that limit individual or group privacy by covert surveillance, by collecting and distributing personal information (such as health or genetic profiles) without adequate consent, and by concentrating information in the hands of those with the resources to develop and control such networks. The discussions on ethical and societal aspects of nanoneuroimplants tend to focus on how ambient intelligence, also called ubiquitous computing, changes the organization of society and how people communicate and interact with each other. When it is possible to track every citizen, and to store information that would predict patterns of future behavior, it is important to set guidelines for the use of that information early. The development of large commercial databases using current technology is proceeding rapidly; nanoneuroimplants have the capability to accelerate this development in the future. Therefore, privacy is a key value which underpins human dignity. Thus, the objective of this study is primarily to raise awareness and questions concerning the privacy and human dignity dilemmas created by nanoneuroimplants in this rapidly expanding field. Breakthroughs from this research at nanoneuroimplants will therefore have a significant impact on the market for enabling new neural prosthetic-based technologies. Ethical awareness and analysis must take place now in order to ensure an appropriate and timely impact on the various technological applications. Nevertheless, where necessary this paper proposes clear ethical boundaries, legal principles and suggests several steps that should be taken by responsible regulators in international level.