We prepared SrCuO2 thin film by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering on glass substrate and have investigated its post-annealing effects on structure and thermal conductivity. The as-sputtered film belongs to two-dimensional spin system SrCuO2, namely, layer-type SrCuO2, which has a possibility of exhibiting high, anisotropic thermal conductivity by magnetic excitation of the spins. It was found that the as-sputtered film has (001)-orientation in which the spin layers are parallel to the surface of substrate and that post-annealing results in enhancement of crystallinity of the film such as disappearance of grain boundaries, which can cause an increase in thermal conductivity. (C) 2017 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.