Taking the rural green building assessment system of the Northwest China as the research object, the paper would discuss regional adaptability of the green building assessment system. The paper puts forward the assessment target facing the dilemma with the development of the desertification of rural buildings in Northwest China. It presents seven assessment items such as the energy, land resources, water resources, material resources, living quality, environmental load and social effect through the methods of expert consultation, survey and technology information analysis and so on. On the above basis, assessment index system of desertification of rural green buildings in Northwest China would be put forward.