Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) in young adults. More than 50 genomic regions have been associated with MS susceptibility. Due the important immune-modulating properties of Vitamin D, Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms - which interfere with the actions of Vitamin D-could be related to increased risk of MS. Methods: We studied 120 patients fulfilling the McDonald criteria for MS (81 females and 39 males) and 180 healthy unrelated controls, nested in a case-Control study, and were recruited from the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Manuel Velasco Suarez in Mexico City. Genotyping of VDR gene polymorphisms BsmI (rs1544410) and TaqI (rs731236) was performed using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay which consists of a predesigned mix of unlabeled polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers and the TaqMan minor groove binding group (MGB) probe (FAM dye-labeled). Results: There was a statistically significant, positive association between MS and the T/T genotype of Bsml polymorphism (OR = 4.15; 95%CI 1.83-9.39), showing also a significant positive trend across genotypes (p < 0.01). This association was also present evaluating the recessive inheritance model of the polymorphism (OR = 3.91; 95%CI 1.77-8.64). When evaluating the association by alleles, the statistically significant positive association seen by genotypes was confirmed in the T allele carriers, showing an OR of 1.83 (95%CI 127-2.65) for MS. Conclusions: We found a positive association of the genetic VDR polymorphisms Taql (rs731236) and Bsml (rs1544410), with the risk of MS in a sample of Mexican adults. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.