The natural environment and socio-economic conditions of the Yellow River Basin can be shown by the spatial data, which provide important supporting role of spatial information for the Yellow River Basin management and development. By analyzing Yellow River Basin spatial data management and application, and on the basis of the research about service GIS technology, the platform' s overall framework, key technologies and construction ideas about the sharing service application platform based on the first national water census spatial data of the Yellow River Basin is discussed. The result shows that, based on the first national water census spatial data of the Yellow River Basin, the establishment of spatial data sharing service platform technology advanced and feasible for flood control and drought, water resources regulation and management, soil conservation supervision and control, engineering construction management, etc. to provide unified spatial data sharing services to meet the needs of the Yellow River Basin management and development for spatial information, will have a huge social and economic benefits.