Theory and research on the psychopathy construct have increased dramatically over the past few decades. The international instrument of choice for the clinical and forensic assessment of this construct in basic neuroscience research and in the criminal justice system is the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 1991, 2003). Its psychometric properties, structure, and correlates are well-known. In this article I present new findings in which the 4 first-order factors of the PCL-R (Interpersonal, Affective, Lifestyle, Antisocial) can be used to good effect in understanding the nature of psychopathy and in predicting variables of interest to the criminal justice system. My colleagues and I used a variable-centered approach (structural equation modelling) to show how each of the factors make unique contributions to the prediction of violence, treatment outcome, institutional behaviour, and so forth. We used a person-oriented approach (latent profile analysis; LPA) to identify factor profiles among offenders with high PCL-R scores: manipulative psychopaths (LC1), aggressive psychopaths (LC2), and sociopaths (LC3). We view LC1 and LC2 as variants of psychopathy and LC3 as a subtype of offender. We also conducted LPAs on entire samples of offenders (not just those with high scores). Across several large and diverse samples, we consistently identified 4 profiles of factor scores, which we identified as Psychopath (C1), Callous-conning Offender (C2), Sociopath (C3), and General Offender (C4). Finally, I briefly addressed 2 issues related to the potential for misuse of the PCL-R in the legal context: field reliability of the PCL-R, and adversarial/ allegiance effects associated with its use.