Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sacral neuromodulation in patients with prior stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or pelvic organ prolapse (POP) surgery. Methods: Women in our prospective neuromodulation database were evaluated. Patients with a history of prior SUI/POP surgery were compared to those without. Medical records at baseline were reviewed, and primary outcome was defined as moderate/marked improvement on Global Response Assessment (GRA) at 3 months. Secondary outcomes were measured using bladder diaries and Overactive Bladder Symptom Severity (OABq-SS)/health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Data were analyzed with Pearson chi(2) test, Fisher exact test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and repeated-measures analyses. Results: Of 210 subjects, 108 (51%) had prior SUI/POP surgery. Patients with SUI/POP surgery had more prior hysterectomies. At 3 months, there was no difference between groups on GRA outcomes. On the bladder diary, both groups had improvement in median voids per 24 hours, urgency severity, and urge incontinence over 2 years. On the GRA, fewer patients in the SUI/POP group were treatment responders at 12 and 24 months. For urinary urgency, a few in this group were moderately/markedly improved at 6 months, and a higher proportion are reported still leaking urine at 6 and 12 months. Similar proportions in each group reported moderate/marked improvement in leaking. Satisfaction was similar between groups. The OABq-SS/HRQOL scores improved, and there was no difference between the groups. Conclusion: Sacral neuromodulation improves bladder symptoms in women with prior SUI/POP surgery, but response may be slightly less in those with prior surgery due to underlying bladder or pelvic floor issues.