Smoking Cessation in adolescents can be considered in a developmental context to enable the clinician to individualise the appropriate assessment and management of the young person they are seeing whether it is in a primary or tertiary care setting. Adolescence is a time of rapid neurocognitive and hormonal change with these factors affected by personality and behavioural factors as well as family, cultural and psychosocial context. Adolescents are uniquely vulnerable to smoking initiation and nicotine addiction throughout these years. Increased awareness of the risks of smoking and using opportunities to assess and intervene regarding smoking cessation are integral to clinical practice for all clinicians seeing young people. This review will discuss the demographics of adolescent smoking, risk factors, assessing smoking and nicotine addiction, the importance of brief interventions, the evidence base for appropriate interventions, particularly in high risk groups and will emphasise innovative training for health professionals in adolescent smoking cessation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.