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;;;; goops.test --- test suite for GOOPS -*- scheme -*-
;;;;
;;;; Copyright (C) 2001,2003,2004, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
;;;;
;;;; This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
;;;; modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
;;;; License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
;;;; version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
;;;;
;;;; This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
;;;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
;;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
;;;; Lesser General Public License for more details.
;;;;
;;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
;;;; License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
;;;; Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
(define-module (test-suite test-goops)
#:use-module (test-suite lib)
#:autoload (srfi srfi-1) (unfold))
(define exception:no-applicable-method
'(goops-error . "^No applicable method"))
(pass-if "GOOPS loads"
(false-if-exception
(begin (resolve-module '(oop goops))
#t)))
(use-modules (oop goops))
;;; more tests here...
(with-test-prefix "basic classes"
(with-test-prefix "<top>"
(pass-if "instance?"
(instance? <top>))
(pass-if "class-of"
(eq? (class-of <top>) <class>))
(pass-if "is a class?"
(is-a? <top> <class>))
(pass-if "class-name"
(eq? (class-name <top>) '<top>))
(pass-if "direct superclasses"
(equal? (class-direct-supers <top>) '()))
(pass-if "superclasses"
(equal? (class-precedence-list <top>) (list <top>)))
(pass-if "direct slots"
(equal? (class-direct-slots <top>) '()))
(pass-if "slots"
(equal? (class-slots <top>) '())))
(with-test-prefix "<object>"
(pass-if "instance?"
(instance? <object>))
(pass-if "class-of"
(eq? (class-of <object>) <class>))
(pass-if "is a class?"
(is-a? <object> <class>))
(pass-if "class-name"
(eq? (class-name <object>) '<object>))
(pass-if "direct superclasses"
(equal? (class-direct-supers <object>) (list <top>)))
(pass-if "superclasses"
(equal? (class-precedence-list <object>) (list <object> <top>)))
(pass-if "direct slots"
(equal? (class-direct-slots <object>) '()))
(pass-if "slots"
(equal? (class-slots <object>) '())))
(with-test-prefix "<class>"
(pass-if "instance?"
(instance? <class>))
(pass-if "class-of"
(eq? (class-of <class>) <class>))
(pass-if "is a class?"
(is-a? <class> <class>))
(pass-if "class-name"
(eq? (class-name <class>) '<class>))
(pass-if "direct superclass"
(equal? (class-direct-supers <class>) (list <object>))))
(with-test-prefix "class-precedence-list"
(for-each (lambda (class)
(run-test (if (slot-bound? class 'name)
(class-name class)
(with-output-to-string
(lambda ()
(display class))))
#t
(lambda ()
(catch #t
(lambda ()
(equal? (class-precedence-list class)
(compute-cpl class)))
(lambda args #t)))))
(let ((table (make-hash-table)))
(let rec ((class <top>))
(hash-create-handle! table class #f)
(for-each rec (class-direct-subclasses class)))
(hash-fold (lambda (class ignore classes)
(cons class classes))
'()
table))))
)
(with-test-prefix "classes for built-in types"
(pass-if "subr"
(eq? (class-of fluid-ref) <procedure>))
(pass-if "gsubr"
(eq? (class-of hashq-ref) <procedure>))
(pass-if "car"
(eq? (class-of car) <procedure>))
(pass-if "string"
(eq? (class-of "foo") <string>))
(pass-if "port"
(is-a? (%make-void-port "w") <port>))
(pass-if "struct vtable"
;; Previously, `class-of' would fail for nameless structs, i.e., structs
;; for which `struct-vtable-name' is #f.
(is-a? (class-of (make-vtable
(string-append standard-vtable-fields "pwpwpw")))
<class>))
;; Two cases: one for structs created before goops, one after.
(pass-if "early vtable class cached"
(eq? (class-of (current-module))
(class-of (current-module))))
(pass-if "late vtable class cached"
(let ((vtable (make-vtable
(string-append standard-vtable-fields "pwpwpw"))))
(eq? (class-of vtable)
(class-of vtable)))))
(with-test-prefix "defining classes"
(with-test-prefix "define-class"
(pass-if "creating a new binding"
(if (eval '(defined? '<foo-0>) (current-module))
(throw 'unresolved))
(eval '(define-class <foo-0> ()) (current-module))
(eval '(is-a? <foo-0> <class>) (current-module)))
(pass-if "overwriting a binding to a non-class"
(eval '(define <foo> #f) (current-module))
(eval '(define-class <foo> ()) (current-module))
(eval '(is-a? <foo> <class>) (current-module)))
(pass-if "bad init-thunk"
(catch #t
(lambda ()
(eval '(define-class <foo> ()
(x #:init-thunk (lambda (x) 1)))
(current-module))
#f)
(lambda args
#t)))
(pass-if "interaction with `struct-ref'"
(eval '(define-class <class-struct> ()
(foo #:init-keyword #:foo)
(bar #:init-keyword #:bar))
(current-module))
(eval '(let ((x (make <class-struct>
#:foo 'hello
#:bar 'world)))
(and (struct? x)
(eq? (struct-ref x 0) 'hello)
(eq? (struct-ref x 1) 'world)))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "interaction with `struct-set!'"
(eval '(define-class <class-struct-2> ()
(foo) (bar))
(current-module))
(eval '(let ((x (make <class-struct-2>)))
(struct-set! x 0 'hello)
(struct-set! x 1 'world)
(and (struct? x)
(eq? (struct-ref x 0) 'hello)
(eq? (struct-ref x 1) 'world)))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "with accessors"
(eval '(define-class <qux> ()
(x #:accessor x #:init-value 123)
(z #:accessor z #:init-value 789))
(current-module))
(eval '(equal? (x (make <qux>)) 123) (current-module)))
(pass-if-exception "cannot redefine fields of <class>"
'(misc-error . "cannot be redefined")
(eval '(begin
(define-class <test-class> (<class>)
name)
(make <test-class>))
(current-module)))))
(with-test-prefix "defining generics"
(with-test-prefix "define-generic"
(pass-if "creating a new top-level binding"
(if (eval '(defined? 'foo-0) (current-module))
(throw 'unresolved))
(eval '(define-generic foo-0) (current-module))
(eval '(and (is-a? foo-0 <generic>)
(null? (generic-function-methods foo-0)))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "overwriting a top-level binding to a non-generic"
(eval '(define (foo) #f) (current-module))
(eval '(define-generic foo) (current-module))
(eval '(and (is-a? foo <generic>)
(= 1 (length (generic-function-methods foo))))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "overwriting a top-level binding to a generic"
(eval '(define (foo) #f) (current-module))
(eval '(define-generic foo) (current-module))
(eval '(define-generic foo) (current-module))
(eval '(and (is-a? foo <generic>)
(null? (generic-function-methods foo)))
(current-module)))
(pass-if-exception "getters do not have setters"
exception:wrong-type-arg
(eval '(setter foo) (current-module)))))
(with-test-prefix "defining methods"
(pass-if "define-method"
(let ((m (current-module)))
(eval '(define-method (my-plus (s1 <string>) (s2 <string>))
(string-append s1 s2))
m)
(eval '(define-method (my-plus (i1 <integer>) (i2 <integer>))
(+ i1 i2))
m)
(eval '(and (is-a? my-plus <generic>)
(= (length (generic-function-methods my-plus))
2))
m)))
(pass-if "method-more-specific?"
(eval '(let* ((m+ (generic-function-methods my-plus))
(m1 (car m+))
(m2 (cadr m+))
(arg-types (list <string> <string>)))
(if (memq <string> (method-specializers m1))
(method-more-specific? m1 m2 arg-types)
(method-more-specific? m2 m1 arg-types)))
(current-module)))
(pass-if-exception "method-more-specific? (failure)"
exception:wrong-type-arg
(eval '(let* ((m+ (generic-function-methods my-plus))
(m1 (car m+))
(m2 (cadr m+)))
(method-more-specific? m1 m2 '()))
(current-module))))
(with-test-prefix "the method cache"
(pass-if "defining a method with a rest arg"
(let ((m (current-module)))
(eval '(define-method (foo bar . baz)
(cons bar baz))
m)
(eval '(foo 1)
m)
(eval '(foo 1 2)
m)
(eval '(equal? (foo 1 2) '(1 2))
m))))
(with-test-prefix "defining accessors"
(with-test-prefix "define-accessor"
(pass-if "creating a new top-level binding"
(if (eval '(defined? 'foo-1) (current-module))
(throw 'unresolved))
(eval '(define-accessor foo-1) (current-module))
(eval '(and (is-a? foo-1 <generic-with-setter>)
(null? (generic-function-methods foo-1)))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "accessors have setters"
(procedure? (eval '(setter foo-1) (current-module))))
(pass-if "overwriting a top-level binding to a non-accessor"
(eval '(define (foo) #f) (current-module))
(eval '(define-accessor foo) (current-module))
(eval '(and (is-a? foo <generic-with-setter>)
(= 1 (length (generic-function-methods foo))))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "overwriting a top-level binding to an accessor"
(eval '(define (foo) #f) (current-module))
(eval '(define-accessor foo) (current-module))
(eval '(define-accessor foo) (current-module))
(eval '(and (is-a? foo <generic-with-setter>)
(null? (generic-function-methods foo)))
(current-module)))))
(with-test-prefix "object update"
(pass-if "defining class"
(eval '(define-class <foo> ()
(x #:accessor x #:init-value 123)
(z #:accessor z #:init-value 789)
#:metaclass <redefinable-class>)
(current-module))
(eval '(is-a? <foo> <class>) (current-module)))
(pass-if "making instance"
(eval '(define foo (make <foo>)) (current-module))
(eval '(and (is-a? foo <foo>) (= (x foo) 123)) (current-module)))
(pass-if "redefining class"
(eval '(define-class <foo> ()
(x #:accessor x #:init-value 123)
(y #:accessor y #:init-value 456)
(z #:accessor z #:init-value 789)
#:metaclass <redefinable-class>)
(current-module))
(eval '(and (= (y foo) 456) (= (z foo) 789)) (current-module)))
(pass-if "changing class"
(let* ((c1 (class ()
(the-slot #:init-keyword #:value)
#:metaclass <redefinable-class>))
(c2 (class ()
(the-slot #:init-keyword #:value)
(the-other-slot #:init-value 888)
#:metaclass <redefinable-class>))
(o1 (make c1 #:value 777)))
(and (is-a? o1 c1)
(not (is-a? o1 c2))
(equal? (slot-ref o1 'the-slot) 777)
(let ((o2 (change-class o1 c2)))
(and (eq? o1 o2)
(is-a? o2 c2)
(not (is-a? o2 c1))
(equal? (slot-ref o2 'the-slot) 777))))))
(pass-if "`hell' in `goops.c' grows as expected"
;; This snippet yielded a segfault prior to the 2008-08-19 `goops.c'
;; fix (i.e., Guile 1.8.5 and earlier). The root of the problem was
;; that `go_to_hell ()' would not reallocate enough room for the `hell'
;; array, leading to out-of-bounds accesses.
(let* ((parent-class (class ()
#:name '<class-that-will-be-redefined>
#:metaclass <redefinable-class>))
(classes
(unfold (lambda (i) (>= i 20))
(lambda (i)
(make-class (list parent-class)
'((the-slot #:init-value #:value)
(the-other-slot))
#:name (string->symbol
(string-append "<foo-to-redefine-"
(number->string i)
">"))
#:metaclass <redefinable-class>))
(lambda (i)
(+ 1 i))
0))
(objects
(map (lambda (class)
(make class #:value 777))
classes)))
(define-method (change-class (foo parent-class)
(new <redefinable-class>))
;; Called by `scm_change_object_class ()', via `purgatory ()'.
(if (null? classes)
(next-method)
(let ((class (car classes))
(object (car objects)))
(set! classes (cdr classes))
(set! objects (cdr objects))
;; Redefine the class so that its instances are eventually
;; passed to `scm_change_object_class ()'. This leads to
;; nested `scm_change_object_class ()' calls, which increases
;; the size of HELL and increments N_HELL.
(class-redefinition class
(make-class '() (class-direct-slots class)
#:name (class-name class)
#:metaclass <redefinable-class>))
;; Use `slot-ref' to trigger the `scm_change_object_class ()'
;; and `go_to_hell ()' calls.
(slot-ref object 'the-slot)
(next-method))))
;; Initiate the whole `change-class' chain.
(let* ((class (car classes))
(object (change-class (car objects) class)))
(is-a? object class)))))
(with-test-prefix "object comparison"
(pass-if "default method"
(eval '(begin
(define-class <c> ()
(x #:accessor x #:init-keyword #:x)
(y #:accessor y #:init-keyword #:y))
(define o1 (make <c> #:x '(1) #:y '(2)))
(define o2 (make <c> #:x '(1) #:y '(3)))
(define o3 (make <c> #:x '(4) #:y '(3)))
(define o4 (make <c> #:x '(4) #:y '(3)))
(not (eqv? o1 o2)))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "equal?"
(eval '(begin
(define-method (equal? (a <c>) (b <c>))
(equal? (y a) (y b)))
(equal? o2 o3))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "not equal?"
(eval '(not (equal? o1 o2))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "="
(eval '(begin
(define-method (= (a <c>) (b <c>))
(and (equal? (x a) (x b))
(equal? (y a) (y b))))
(= o3 o4))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "not ="
(eval '(not (= o1 o2))
(current-module)))
)
(use-modules (oop goops active-slot))
(with-test-prefix "active-slot"
(pass-if "defining class with active slot"
(eval '(begin
(define z '())
(define-class <bar> ()
(x #:accessor x
#:init-value 1
#:allocation #:active
#:before-slot-ref
(lambda (o)
(set! z (cons 'before-ref z))
#t)
#:after-slot-ref
(lambda (o)
(set! z (cons 'after-ref z)))
#:before-slot-set!
(lambda (o v)
(set! z (cons* v 'before-set! z)))
#:after-slot-set!
(lambda (o v)
(set! z (cons* v (x o) 'after-set! z))))
#:metaclass <active-class>)
(define bar (make <bar>))
(x bar)
(set! (x bar) 2)
(equal? (reverse z)
'(before-set! 1 before-ref after-ref
after-set! 1 1 before-ref after-ref
before-set! 2 before-ref after-ref after-set! 2 2)))
(current-module))))
(use-modules (oop goops composite-slot))
(with-test-prefix "composite-slot"
(pass-if "creating instance with propagated slot"
(eval '(begin
(define-class <a> ()
(x #:accessor x #:init-keyword #:x)
(y #:accessor y #:init-keyword #:y))
(define-class <c> ()
(o1 #:accessor o1 #:init-form (make <a> #:x 1 #:y 2))
(o2 #:accessor o2 #:init-form (make <a> #:x 3 #:y 4))
(x #:accessor x
#:allocation #:propagated
#:propagate-to '(o1 (o2 y)))
#:metaclass <composite-class>)
(define o (make <c>))
(is-a? o <c>))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "reading propagated slot"
(eval '(= (x o) 1) (current-module)))
(pass-if "writing propagated slot"
(eval '(begin
(set! (x o) 5)
(and (= (x (o1 o)) 5)
(= (y (o1 o)) 2)
(= (x (o2 o)) 3)
(= (y (o2 o)) 5)))
(current-module))))
(with-test-prefix "no-applicable-method"
(pass-if-exception "calling generic, no methods"
exception:no-applicable-method
(eval '(begin
(define-class <qux> ())
(define-generic quxy)
(quxy 1))
(current-module)))
(pass-if "calling generic, one method, applicable"
(eval '(begin
(define-method (quxy (q <qux>))
#t)
(define q (make <qux>))
(quxy q))
(current-module)))
(pass-if-exception "calling generic, one method, not applicable"
exception:no-applicable-method
(eval '(quxy 1)
(current-module))))
(with-test-prefix "foreign slots"
(define-class <foreign-test> ()
(a #:init-keyword #:a #:class <foreign-slot>
#:accessor test-a)
(b #:init-keyword #:b #:init-form 3 #:class <foreign-slot>
#:accessor test-b))
(pass-if-equal "constructing, no initargs"
'(0 3)
(let ((x (make <foreign-test>)))
(list (slot-ref x 'a)
(slot-ref x 'b))))
(pass-if-equal "constructing, initargs"
'(1 2)
(let ((x (make <foreign-test> #:a 1 #:b 2)))
(list (slot-ref x 'a)
(slot-ref x 'b))))
(pass-if-equal "getters"
'(0 3)
(let ((x (make <foreign-test>)))
(list (test-a x) (test-b x))))
(pass-if-equal "setters"
'(10 20)
(let ((x (make <foreign-test>)))
(set! (test-a x) 10)
(set! (test-b x) 20)
(list (test-a x) (test-b x))))
(pass-if-exception "out of range"
exception:out-of-range
(make <foreign-test> #:a (ash 1 64))))
(with-test-prefix "#:class slot allocation"
(pass-if-equal "basic class slot allocation" #:class
(eval '(begin
(define-class <has-a-class-slot> ()
(bar #:allocation #:class #:init-value 'baz))
(slot-definition-allocation
(class-slot-definition <has-a-class-slot> 'bar)))
(current-module))))
(with-test-prefix "#:each-subclass"
(let* ((<subclass-allocation-test>
(class ()
(test #:init-value '() #:allocation #:each-subclass)
#:name '<subclass-allocation-test>))
(a (make <subclass-allocation-test>)))
(pass-if-equal '() (slot-ref a 'test))
(let ((b (make <subclass-allocation-test>)))
(pass-if-equal '() (slot-ref b 'test))
(slot-set! a 'test 100)
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref a 'test))
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref b 'test))
;; #:init-value of the class shouldn't reinitialize slot when
;; instances are allocated.
(make <subclass-allocation-test>)
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref a 'test))
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref b 'test))
(let ((<test-subclass>
(class (<subclass-allocation-test>))))
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref a 'test))
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref b 'test))
(let ((c (make <test-subclass>)))
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref a 'test))
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref b 'test))
(pass-if-equal '() (slot-ref c 'test))
(slot-set! c 'test 200)
(pass-if-equal 200 (slot-ref c 'test))
(make <test-subclass>)
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref a 'test))
(pass-if-equal 100 (slot-ref b 'test))
(pass-if-equal 200 (slot-ref c 'test)))))))
(define-class <food> ())
(define-class <fruit> (<food>))
(define-class <spice> (<food>))
(define-class <apple> (<fruit>))
(define-class <cinnamon> (<spice>))
(define-class <pie> (<apple> <cinnamon>))
(define-class <d> ())
(define-class <e> ())
(define-class <f> ())
(define-class <b> (<d> <e>))
(define-class <c> (<e> <f>))
(define-class <a> (<b> <c>))
(with-test-prefix "compute-cpl"
(pass-if-equal "<pie>"
(list <pie> <apple> <fruit> <cinnamon> <spice> <food> <object> <top>)
(compute-cpl <pie>))
(pass-if-equal "<a>"
(list <a> <b> <d> <c> <e> <f> <object> <top>)
(compute-cpl <a>)))
(with-test-prefix "accessor slots"
(let* ((a-accessor (make-accessor 'a))
(b-accessor (make-accessor 'b))
(<a> (class ()
(a #:init-keyword #:a #:accessor a-accessor)
#:name '<a>))
(<b> (class ()
(b #:init-keyword #:b #:accessor b-accessor)
#:name '<b>))
(<ab> (class (<a> <b>) #:name '<ab>))
(<ba> (class (<b> <a>) #:name '<ba>))
(<cab> (class (<ab>)
(a #:init-keyword #:a)
#:name '<cab>))
(<cba> (class (<ba>)
(a #:init-keyword #:a)
#:name '<cba>))
(a (make <a> #:a 'a))
(b (make <b> #:b 'b))
(ab (make <ab> #:a 'a #:b 'b))
(ba (make <ba> #:a 'a #:b 'b))
(cab (make <cab> #:a 'a #:b 'b))
(cba (make <cba> #:a 'a #:b 'b)))
(pass-if-equal "a accessor on a" 'a (a-accessor a))
(pass-if-equal "a accessor on ab" 'a (a-accessor ab))
(pass-if-equal "a accessor on ba" 'a (a-accessor ba))
(pass-if-exception "a accessor on cab" exception:no-applicable-method
(a-accessor cab))
(pass-if-exception "a accessor on cba" exception:no-applicable-method
(a-accessor cba))
(pass-if-equal "b accessor on a" 'b (b-accessor b))
(pass-if-equal "b accessor on ab" 'b (b-accessor ab))
(pass-if-equal "b accessor on ba" 'b (b-accessor ba))
(pass-if-equal "b accessor on cab" 'b (b-accessor cab))
(pass-if-equal "b accessor on cba" 'b (b-accessor cba))))
(with-test-prefix "static slot allocation"
(let* ((<a> (class () (a) #:name '<a> #:static-slot-allocation? #t))
(<b> (class () (b) #:name '<b> #:static-slot-allocation? #t))
(<c> (class () (c) #:name '<c>))
(<ac> (class (<a> <c>) #:name '<ac>))
(<ca> (class (<c> <a>) #:name '<ca>)))
(pass-if-equal "slots of <ac>" '(a c)
(map slot-definition-name (class-slots <ac>)))
(pass-if-equal "slots of <ca>" '(a c)
(map slot-definition-name (class-slots <ca>)))
(pass-if-exception "can't make <ab>"
'(misc-error . "static slot")
(class (<a> <b>) #:name '<ab>))
;; It should be possible to create subclasses of static classes
;; whose slots are statically allocated, as long as there is no
;; diamond inheritance among static superclasses, but for now we
;; don't support it at all.
(pass-if-exception "static subclass"
'(misc-error . "static slot")
(class (<a>) (slot) #:name '<static-sub> #:static-slot-allocation? #t))
(pass-if-equal "non-static subclass" '(a d)
(map slot-definition-name (class-slots (class (<a>) (d) #:name '<ad>))))))
(with-test-prefix "dispatch"
(pass-if-equal "multi-arity dispatch" 0
(eval '(begin
(define-method (dispatch (x <number>) . args) 0)
(dispatch 1)
(dispatch 1 2)
;; By now "dispatch" is forced into multi-arity mode. Test
;; that the multi-arity dispatcher works:
(dispatch 1 2 3))
(current-module))))
;; The defined? check in define-accessor prevents a local definition of
;; get-the-bar, sadly!
(define-accessor get-the-bar)
(with-test-prefix "slot options on redefinable classes"
(let ((<meta> (class (<class>)))
(box make-variable)
(unbox variable-ref))
(define-class <meta> (<class>))
(define (boxed-slot? slot)
(get-keyword #:box? (slot-definition-options slot)))
(define-method (compute-getter-method (class <meta>) slot)
(if (boxed-slot? slot)
(make <method>
#:specializers (list class)
#:procedure (let ((slot-name (slot-definition-name slot)))
(lambda (obj)
(unbox (slot-ref obj slot-name)))))
(next-method)))
(define-method (compute-setter-method (class <meta>) slot)
(if (boxed-slot? slot)
(make <method>
#:specializers (list class <top>)
#:procedure (let ((slot-name (slot-definition-name slot)))
(lambda (obj value)
(set-box! (slot-ref obj slot-name) value))))
(next-method)))
(let* ((<redefinable-meta> (class (<meta> <redefinable-class>)))
(<foo>
(class ()
(bar #:accessor get-the-bar #:box? #t #:init-form (box 123))
#:metaclass <meta>))
(<redefinable-foo>
(class ()
(bar #:accessor get-the-bar #:box? #t #:init-form (box 123))
#:metaclass <redefinable-meta>)))
(pass-if-equal 123 (get-the-bar (make <foo>)))
(pass-if-equal 123 (get-the-bar (make <redefinable-foo>))))))