


from __future__ import annotations

import queue






class       _UpperCamelCase    :

				"""simple docstring"""







				def __init__(						self				,   a__   )	->				Optional[int]:
					A								=				data
					A								=				None
					A								=				None





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   ) ->   TreeNode:





	"""simple docstring"""







	print("""\n********Press N to stop entering at any point of time********\n"""						)
	A								=				input("""Enter the value of the root node: """						).strip().lower()
	A								=				queue.Queue()
	A								=				TreeNode(int(UpperCamelCase__						)						)
	q.put(UpperCamelCase__						)
	while not q.empty():
		A								=				q.get()
		A								=				f'Enter the left node of {node_found.data}: '
		A								=				input(UpperCamelCase__						).strip().lower() or """n"""
		if check == "n":
			return tree_node
		A								=				TreeNode(int(UpperCamelCase__						)						)
		A								=				left_node
		q.put(UpperCamelCase__						)
		A								=				f'Enter the right node of {node_found.data}: '
		A								=				input(UpperCamelCase__						).strip().lower() or """n"""
		if check == "n":
			return tree_node
		A								=				TreeNode(int(UpperCamelCase__						)						)
		A								=				right_node
		q.put(UpperCamelCase__						)
	raise





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	print(node.data							,					end=""","""						)
	pre_order(node.left						)
	pre_order(node.right						)





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	in_order(node.left						)
	print(node.data							,					end=""","""						)
	in_order(node.right						)





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	post_order(node.left						)
	post_order(node.right						)
	print(node.data							,					end=""","""						)





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	A								=				queue.Queue()
	q.put(UpperCamelCase__						)
	while not q.empty():
		A								=				q.get()
		print(node_dequeued.data							,					end=""","""						)
		if node_dequeued.left:
			q.put(node_dequeued.left						)
		if node_dequeued.right:
			q.put(node_dequeued.right						)





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	A								=				queue.Queue()
	q.put(UpperCamelCase__						)
	while not q.empty():
		A								=				[]
		while not q.empty():
			A								=				q.get()
			print(node_dequeued.data							,					end=""","""						)
			if node_dequeued.left:
				list_.append(node_dequeued.left						)
			if node_dequeued.right:
				list_.append(node_dequeued.right						)
		print()
		for node in list_:
			q.put(UpperCamelCase__						)





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	A								=				[]
	A								=				node
	while n or stack:
		while n:  # start from root node, find its left child
			print(n.data							,					end=""","""						)
			stack.append(UpperCamelCase__						)
			A								=				n.left
		# end of while means current node doesn't have left child
		A								=				stack.pop()
		# start to traverse its right child
		A								=				n.right





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	A								=				[]
	A								=				node
	while n or stack:
		while n:
			stack.append(UpperCamelCase__						)
			A								=				n.left
		A								=				stack.pop()
		print(n.data							,					end=""","""						)
		A								=				n.right





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     TreeNode						) ->   None:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not isinstance(UpperCamelCase__							,					UpperCamelCase__						) or not node:
		return
	A					,			A								=				[], []
	A								=				node
	stacka.append(UpperCamelCase__						)
	while stacka:  # to find the reversed order of post order, store it in stack2
		A								=				stacka.pop()
		if n.left:
			stacka.append(n.left						)
		if n.right:
			stacka.append(n.right						)
		stacka.append(UpperCamelCase__						)
	while stacka:  # pop up from stack2 will be the post order
		print(stacka.pop().data							,					end=""","""						)





def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     str = ""							,					UpperCamelCase__:     str=50							,					UpperCamelCase__:     Optional[Any]="*"						) ->   str:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if not s:
		return "\n" + width * char
	A					,			A								=				divmod(width - len(UpperCamelCase__						) - 2							,					2						)
	return f'{left * char} {s} {(left + extra) * char}'


if __name__ == "__main__":
				import doctest

				doctest.testmod()
				print(prompt("Binary Tree Traversals"))

				_lowercase       :      TreeNode	=	build_tree()
				print(prompt("Pre Order Traversal"))
				pre_order(node)
				print(prompt() + "\n")

				print(prompt("In Order Traversal"))
				in_order(node)
				print(prompt() + "\n")

				print(prompt("Post Order Traversal"))
				post_order(node)
				print(prompt() + "\n")

				print(prompt("Level Order Traversal"))
				level_order(node)
				print(prompt() + "\n")

				print(prompt("Actual Level Order Traversal"))
				level_order_actual(node)
				print("*" * 50 + "\n")

				print(prompt("Pre Order Traversal - Iteration Version"))
				pre_order_iter(node)
				print(prompt() + "\n")

				print(prompt("In Order Traversal - Iteration Version"))
				in_order_iter(node)
				print(prompt() + "\n")

				print(prompt("Post Order Traversal - Iteration Version"))
				post_order_iter(node)
				print(prompt())







def   _lowerCAmelCase				(   UpperCamelCase__:     int						) ->   list[int]:





	"""simple docstring"""







	if num <= 0:
		raise ValueError("""Input must be a positive integer"""						)

	A								=				[True] * (num + 1)

	A								=				2
	while p * p <= num:
		if primes[p]:
			for i in range(p * p							,					num + 1							,					UpperCamelCase__						):
				A								=				False
		p += 1

	return [prime for prime in range(2							,					num + 1						) if primes[prime]]


if __name__ == "__main__":
				import doctest

				doctest.testmod()

				_lowercase       :      Tuple	=	int(input("Enter a positive integer: ").strip())
				print(prime_sieve_eratosthenes(user_num))



