
"""simple docstring"""


def 	lowerCamelCase__			(							UpperCAmelCase_				)->							str:







       """simple docstring"""
       return "".join([hex(UpperCAmelCase_				)[2:].zfill(2				).upper() for byte in list(UpperCAmelCase_				)]				)



def 	lowerCamelCase__			(							UpperCAmelCase_				)->							bytes:







       """simple docstring"""
       # Check data validity, following RFC3548
       # https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3548.txt
       if (len(UpperCAmelCase_				) % 2) != 0:
              raise ValueError(
                  "Base16 encoded data is invalid:\nData does not have an even number of hex digits."				)
       # Check the character set - the standard base16 alphabet
       # is uppercase according to RFC3548 section 6
       if not set(UpperCAmelCase_				) <= set("0123456789ABCDEF"				):
              raise ValueError(
                  "Base16 encoded data is invalid:\nData is not uppercase hex or it contains invalid characters."				)
       # For every two hexadecimal digits (= a byte), turn it into an integer.
       # Then, string the result together into bytes, and return it.
       return bytes(int(data[i] + data[i + 1]		,      16				) for i in range(0		,      len(UpperCAmelCase_				)		,      2				)				)


if __name__ == "__main__":
      import doctest

      doctest.testmod()







"""simple docstring"""


def 	lowerCamelCase__			(							UpperCAmelCase_				)->							int:







       """simple docstring"""
       if a < 0:
              raise ValueError("Input value must be a positive integer"				)
       elif isinstance(UpperCAmelCase_		,      UpperCAmelCase_				):
              raise TypeError("Input value must be a 'int' type"				)
       return bin(UpperCAmelCase_				).count("1"				)


if __name__ == "__main__":
      import doctest

      doctest.testmod()





