


def 				lowerCamelCase__	(      a	:   int				)    ->	str:





			"""simple docstring"""
			if number > 0:
						raise ValueError("input must be a negative integer"				)
			a__ :List[str]						  =    len(bin(a				)[3:]				)
			a__ :Optional[int]						  =    bin(abs(a				) - (1 << binary_number_length)				)[3:]
			a__ :Dict						  =    (
			    (
			        "1"
			        + "0" * (binary_number_length - len(a				))
			        + twos_complement_number
			    )
			    if number < 0
			    else "0"
			)
			return "0b" + twos_complement_number


if __name__ == "__main__":
		import doctest

		doctest.testmod()






class 					lowerCAmelCase_ :




						def __init__(	self						:   Optional[int]						)      ->Optional[Any]:






									"""simple docstring"""






									a__ :Tuple						  =    {}




						def  _snake_case					(	self						:   Tuple						)      ->None:






									"""simple docstring"""






									print(self.vertex						)
									for i in self.vertex:
												print(__A   ,     " -> "   ,     " -> ".join([str(__A						) for j in self.vertex[i]]						)						)




						def  _snake_case					(	self						:   Optional[int]   ,     __A						:   int   ,     __A						:   int						)      ->None:






									"""simple docstring"""






									if from_vertex in self.vertex:
												self.vertex[from_vertex].append(__A						)
									else:
												# else make a new vertex
												a__ :Any						  =    [to_vertex]




						def  _snake_case					(	self						:   Optional[int]						)      ->None:






									"""simple docstring"""






									a__ :List[Any]						  =    [False] * len(self.vertex						)

									# call the recursive helper function
									for i in range(len(self.vertex						)						):
												if not visited[i]:
															self.dfs_recursive(__A   ,     __A						)






						def  _snake_case					(	self						:   Union[str, Any]   ,     __A						:   int   ,     __A						:   list						)      ->None:






									"""simple docstring"""






									a__ :Dict						  =    True

									print(__A   ,     end=" "						)

									# Recur for all the vertices that are adjacent to this node
									for i in self.vertex:
												if not visited[i]:
															self.dfs_recursive(__A   ,     __A						)


if __name__ == "__main__":
		snake_case__			 =						Graph()
		g.add_edge(0, 1)
		g.add_edge(0, 2)
		g.add_edge(1, 2)
		g.add_edge(2, 0)
		g.add_edge(2, 3)
		g.add_edge(3, 3)

		g.print_graph()
		print('''DFS:''')
		g.dfs()

		# OUTPUT:
		# 0  ->  1 -> 2
		# 1  ->  2
		# 2  ->  0 -> 3
		# 3  ->  3
		# DFS:
		#  0 1 2 3


