






def      a_ (      _A      ,   _A      ,   _A      ,   _A      ,   _A      ,   )			->			float:







				"""simple docstring"""
				snake_case__									=     [redshift, radiation_density, matter_density, dark_energy]
				if any(p < 0 for p in parameters  ):
								raise ValueError('All input parameters must be positive'  )

				if any(p > 1 for p in parameters[1:4]  ):
								raise ValueError('Relative densities cannot be greater than one'  )
				else:
								snake_case__									=     1 - (matter_density + radiation_density + dark_energy)

								snake_case__									=     (
								    radiation_density * (redshift + 1) ** 4
								    + matter_density * (redshift + 1) ** 3
								    + curvature * (redshift + 1) ** 2
								    + dark_energy
								)

								snake_case__									=     hubble_constant * e_a ** (1 / 2)
								return hubble


if __name__ == "__main__":
						import doctest

						# run doctest
						doctest.testmod()

						# demo LCDM approximation
						__UpperCamelCase					:		List[str]	  =						0.3

						print(
						    hubble_parameter(
						        hubble_constant=6_8.3,
						        radiation_density=1E-4,
						        matter_density=matter_density,
						        dark_energy=1 - matter_density,
						        redshift=0,
						    )
						)












def      a_ (      _A = 4000000  )			->			int:







				"""simple docstring"""
				snake_case__									=     [0, 1]
				snake_case__									=     0
				while fib[i] <= n:
								fib.append(fib[i] + fib[i + 1]  )
								if fib[i + 2] > n:
												break
								i += 1
				snake_case__									=     0
				for j in range(len(_A  ) - 1  ):
								if fib[j] % 2 == 0:
												total += fib[j]

				return total


if __name__ == "__main__":
							print(f'''{solution() = }''')




