

"""simple docstring"""






import random





def 	lowercase      (   __UpperCamelCase      ,   __UpperCamelCase						) ->      tuple:
 __magic_name__   ,						__magic_name__   ,						__magic_name__     =      [], [], []
 for element in data:
  if element < pivot:
   less.append(lowerCAmelCase__						)
  elif element > pivot:
   greater.append(lowerCAmelCase__						)
  else:
   equal.append(lowerCAmelCase__						)
 return less, equal, greater





def 	lowercase      (   __UpperCamelCase      ,   __UpperCamelCase						) ->      Union[str, Any]:
 # index = len(items) // 2 when trying to find the median
 #   (value of index when items is sorted)

 # invalid input
 if index >= len(lowerCAmelCase__						) or index < 0:
  return None

 __magic_name__     =      items[random.randint(0      ,   len(lowerCAmelCase__						) - 1						)]
 __magic_name__     =      0
 __magic_name__   ,						__magic_name__   ,						__magic_name__     =      _partition(lowerCAmelCase__      ,   lowerCAmelCase__						)
 __magic_name__     =      len(lowerCAmelCase__						)
 __magic_name__     =      len(lowerCAmelCase__						)

 # index is the pivot
 if m <= index < m + count:
  return pivot
 # must be in smaller
 elif m > index:
  return quick_select(lowerCAmelCase__      ,   lowerCAmelCase__						)
 # must be in larger
 else:
  return quick_select(lowerCAmelCase__      ,   index - (m + count)						)





"""simple docstring"""






class        _lowercase					:







     def __init__(      self ,						UpperCamelCase_       ):
      __magic_name__     =      size
      __magic_name__     =      [0] * size
      __magic_name__     =      [0] * size







     @staticmethod
     def 	lowerCAmelCase__    (      UpperCamelCase_       ):
      return index | (index + 1)







     @staticmethod
     def 	lowerCAmelCase__    (      UpperCamelCase_       ):
      return (index & (index + 1)) - 1







     def 	lowerCAmelCase__    (      self ,						UpperCamelCase_ ,						UpperCamelCase_       ):
      __magic_name__     =      value
      while index < self.size:
       __magic_name__     =      self.get_prev(UpperCamelCase_       ) + 1
       if current_left_border == index:
        __magic_name__     =      value
       else:
        __magic_name__     =      max(UpperCamelCase_ ,						UpperCamelCase_ ,						UpperCamelCase_       )
       __magic_name__     =      self.get_next(UpperCamelCase_       )







     def 	lowerCAmelCase__    (      self ,						UpperCamelCase_ ,						UpperCamelCase_       ):
      right -= 1  # Because of right is exclusive
      __magic_name__     =      0
      while left <= right:
       __magic_name__     =      self.get_prev(UpperCamelCase_       )
       if left <= current_left:
        __magic_name__     =      max(UpperCamelCase_ ,						self.tree[right]       )
        __magic_name__     =      current_left
       else:
        __magic_name__     =      max(UpperCamelCase_ ,						self.arr[right]       )
        right -= 1
      return result


if __name__ == "__main__":
 import doctest

 doctest.testmod()

