from __future__ import annotations

from typing import Generic, TypeVar

lowerCamelCase_				:		Dict       						=       TypeVar("""T""")


class 						a__							(   Generic[T]		):



			def __init__(						self      ,						UpperCAmelCase    ) ->    List[str]:
								__a							=   data  # Assign data
								__a							=   None  # Initialize next as null
								__a							=   None  # Initialize prev as null






class 						a__							(   Generic[T]		):



			def __init__(						self    ) ->    None:
								__a							=   None



			def __SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE							(						self      ,						UpperCAmelCase    ) ->    None:
								if self.head is None:
													__a							=   Node(UpperCAmelCase    )
								else:
													__a							=   Node(UpperCAmelCase    )
													__a							=   new_node
													__a							=   self.head
													__a							=   None
													__a							=   new_node



			def __SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE							(						self    ) ->    T | None:
								if self.head is None:
													return None
								else:
													assert self.head is not None
													__a							=   self.head.data
													__a							=   self.head.next
													if self.head is not None:
																		__a							=   None
													return temp



			def __SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE							(						self    ) ->    T | None:
								return self.head.data if self.head is not None else None



			def __len__(						self    ) ->    int:
								__a							=   self.head
								__a							=   0
								while temp is not None:
													count += 1
													__a							=   temp.next
								return count



			def __SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE							(						self    ) ->    bool:
								return self.head is None







			def __SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE							(						self    ) ->    None:
								print('stack elements are:'    )
								__a							=   self.head
								while temp is not None:
													print(temp.data      ,						end='->'    )
													__a							=   temp.next


# Code execution starts here
if __name__ == "__main__":
	# Start with the empty stack
	lowerCamelCase_				:		Stack[int]       						=       Stack()

	# Insert 4 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->None
	print("""Stack operations using Doubly LinkedList""")
	stack.push(4)

	# Insert 5 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->5->None
	stack.push(5)

	# Insert 6 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->5->6->None
	stack.push(6)

	# Insert 7 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->5->6->7->None
	stack.push(7)

	# Print the stack
	stack.print_stack()

	# Print the top element
	print("""\nTop element is """, stack.top())

	# Print the stack size
	print("""Size of the stack is """, len(stack))

	# pop the top element
	stack.pop()

	# pop the top element
	stack.pop()

	# two elements have now been popped off
	stack.print_stack()

	# Print True if the stack is empty else False
	print("""\nstack is empty:""", stack.is_empty())












"""simple docstring"""



def      SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__    (   snake_case    :      list       , snake_case    :      int       , snake_case    :      int							)->						None:






     '''simple docstring'''



     if right <= left:
          return
     UpperCAmelCase__		:  str				=				left
     UpperCAmelCase__		:  List[str]				=				right
     UpperCAmelCase__		:  List[Any]				=				sorting[left]
     while i <= b:
          if sorting[i] < pivot:
               UpperCAmelCase__				,							UpperCAmelCase__		:  List[str]				=				sorting[i], sorting[a]
               a += 1
               i += 1
          elif sorting[i] > pivot:
               UpperCAmelCase__				,							UpperCAmelCase__		:  Optional[int]				=				sorting[i], sorting[b]
               b -= 1
          else:
               i += 1
     quick_sort_apartition(snake_case       , snake_case       , a - 1							)
     quick_sort_apartition(snake_case       , b + 1       , snake_case							)


def      SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__    (   snake_case    :      list       , snake_case    :      int       , snake_case    :      int							)->						None:






     '''simple docstring'''



     if left < right:
          UpperCAmelCase__		:  int				=				lomuto_partition(snake_case       , snake_case       , snake_case							)
          quick_sort_lomuto_partition(snake_case       , snake_case       , pivot_index - 1							)
          quick_sort_lomuto_partition(snake_case       , pivot_index + 1       , snake_case							)


def      SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__    (   snake_case    :      list       , snake_case    :      int       , snake_case    :      int							)->						int:






     '''simple docstring'''



     UpperCAmelCase__		:  Union[str, Any]				=				sorting[right]
     UpperCAmelCase__		:  Optional[Any]				=				left
     for i in range(snake_case       , snake_case							):
          if sorting[i] < pivot:
               UpperCAmelCase__				,							UpperCAmelCase__		:  List[Any]				=				sorting[i], sorting[store_index]
               store_index += 1
     UpperCAmelCase__				,							UpperCAmelCase__		:  List[Any]				=				sorting[store_index], sorting[right]
     return store_index


def      SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__    (   snake_case    :      list							)->						list:






     '''simple docstring'''



     if len(snake_case							) <= 1:
          return sorting
     return (
         three_way_radix_quicksort([i for i in sorting if i < sorting[0]]							)
         + [i for i in sorting if i == sorting[0]]
         + three_way_radix_quicksort([i for i in sorting if i > sorting[0]]							)
     )


if __name__ == "__main__":
 import doctest

 doctest.testmod(verbose=True)

 _lowerCAmelCase     :     Optional[int]            =	input("""Enter numbers separated by a comma:\n""").strip()
 _lowerCAmelCase     :     str            =	[int(item) for item in user_input.split(""",""")]
 quick_sort_apartition(unsorted, 0, len(unsorted) - 1)
 print(unsorted)


