




class 	A	:
     """simple docstring"""

     def __init__(			self     :      str	) ->				None:
           # numbermap keys are the number and its values are lists of indexes sorted
           # in ascending order
           lowerCamelCase__					     = {}
           # indexmap keys are an index and it's values are the number at that index
           lowerCamelCase__					     = {}




     def        __snake_case      (			self     :      Optional[int]		,     A__     :      list | str | range		,     A__     :      int	) ->				list[int]:
           if isinstance(A__		,     (range, str)	):
                 lowerCamelCase__					     = list(A__	)
           elif not isinstance(A__		,     A__	):
                 raise TypeError(
                     'binary_search_delete() only accepts either a list, range or str'	)

           lowerCamelCase__					     = 0
           lowerCamelCase__					     = len(A__	) - 1

           while low <= high:
                 lowerCamelCase__					     = (low + high) // 2
                 if array[mid] == item:
                       array.pop(A__	)
                       return array
                 elif array[mid] < item:
                       lowerCamelCase__					     = mid + 1
                 else:
                       lowerCamelCase__					     = mid - 1
           raise ValueError(
               'Either the item is not in the array or the array was unsorted'	)




     def        __snake_case      (			self     :      Optional[int]		,     A__     :      list | str | range		,     A__     :      int	) ->				list[int]:
           if isinstance(A__		,     (range, str)	):
                 lowerCamelCase__					     = list(A__	)
           elif not isinstance(A__		,     A__	):
                 raise TypeError(
                     'binary_search_insert() only accepts either a list, range or str'	)

           lowerCamelCase__					     = 0
           lowerCamelCase__					     = len(A__	) - 1

           while low <= high:
                 lowerCamelCase__					     = (low + high) // 2
                 if array[mid] == index:
                       # If the item already exists in the array,
                       # insert it after the existing item
                       array.insert(mid + 1		,     A__	)
                       return array
                 elif array[mid] < index:
                       lowerCamelCase__					     = mid + 1
                 else:
                       lowerCamelCase__					     = mid - 1

        # If the item doesn't exist in the array, insert it at the appropriate position
           array.insert(A__		,     A__	)
           return array




     def        __snake_case      (			self     :      Optional[int]		,     A__     :      int		,     A__     :      int	) ->				None:
           # Remove previous index
           if index in self.indexmap:
                 lowerCamelCase__					     = self.indexmap[index]
                 if len(self.numbermap[n]	) == 1:
                       del self.numbermap[n]
                 else:
                       lowerCamelCase__					     = self.binary_search_delete(self.numbermap[n]		,     A__	)

        # Set new index
           lowerCamelCase__					     = number

           # Number not seen before or empty so insert number value
           if number not in self.numbermap:
                 lowerCamelCase__					     = [index]

           # Here we need to perform a binary search insertion in order to insert
           # The item in the correct place
           else:
                 lowerCamelCase__					     = self.binary_search_insert(
                     self.numbermap[number]		,     A__	)




     def        __snake_case      (			self     :      List[Any]		,     A__     :      int	) ->				int:
           return self.numbermap.get(A__		,     [-1]	)[0]


if __name__ == "__main__":
      import doctest

      doctest.testmod()





from __future__ import annotations

import sys






class 	A	:
     """simple docstring"""

     def __init__(			self     :      str		,     A__     :      str		,     A__     :      int	) ->				str:
           lowerCamelCase__					     = letter
           lowerCamelCase__					     = freq
           lowerCamelCase__					     = {}




     def __repr__(			self     :      Any	) ->				str:
           return F"""{self.letter}:{self.freq}"""






class 	A	:
     """simple docstring"""

     def __init__(			self     :      Optional[Any]		,     A__     :      int		,     A__     :      Letter | TreeNode		,     A__     :      Letter | TreeNode	) ->				Any:
           lowerCamelCase__					     = freq
           lowerCamelCase__					     = left
           lowerCamelCase__					     = right

def 	lowerCAmelCase_	(     lowerCamelCase:				str  )    ->	list[Letter]:


      '''simple docstring'''




      lowerCamelCase__					     = {}
      with open(lowerCamelCase  ) as f:
            while True:
                  lowerCamelCase__					     = f.read(1  )
                  if not c:
                        break
                  lowerCamelCase__					     = chars[c] + 1 if c in chars else 1
      return sorted((Letter(lowerCamelCase   , lowerCamelCase  ) for c, f in chars.items())   , key=lambda lowerCamelCase  : x.freq  )

def 	lowerCAmelCase_	(     lowerCamelCase:				list[Letter]  )    ->	Letter | TreeNode:


      '''simple docstring'''




      lowerCamelCase__					     = letters  # type: ignore
      while len(lowerCamelCase  ) > 1:
            lowerCamelCase__					     = response.pop(0  )
            lowerCamelCase__					     = response.pop(0  )
            lowerCamelCase__					     = left.freq + right.freq
            lowerCamelCase__					     = TreeNode(lowerCamelCase   , lowerCamelCase   , lowerCamelCase  )
            response.append(lowerCamelCase  )
            response.sort(key=lambda lowerCamelCase  : x.freq  )
      return response[0]

def 	lowerCAmelCase_	(     lowerCamelCase:				Letter | TreeNode   , lowerCamelCase:				str  )    ->	list[Letter]:


      '''simple docstring'''




      if isinstance(lowerCamelCase   , lowerCamelCase  ):
            lowerCamelCase__					     = bitstring
            return [root]
      lowerCamelCase__					     = root  # type: ignore
      lowerCamelCase__					     = []
      letters += traverse_tree(treenode.left   , bitstring + '0'  )
      letters += traverse_tree(treenode.right   , bitstring + '1'  )
      return letters

def 	lowerCAmelCase_	(     lowerCamelCase:				str  )    ->	None:


      '''simple docstring'''




      lowerCamelCase__					     = parse_file(lowerCamelCase  )
      lowerCamelCase__					     = build_tree(lowerCamelCase  )
      lowerCamelCase__					     = {
          k: v for letter in traverse_tree(lowerCamelCase   , ''  ) for k, v in letter.bitstring.items()
      }
      print(f"""Huffman Coding  of {file_path}: """  )
      with open(lowerCamelCase  ) as f:
            while True:
                  lowerCamelCase__					     = f.read(1  )
                  if not c:
                        break
                  print(letters[c]   , end=' '  )
      print()


if __name__ == "__main__":
      # pass the file path to the huffman function
      huffman(sys.argv[1])