


from __future__ import annotations

import random
from collections.abc import Iterable
from typing import Any, Generic, TypeVar

lowerCAmelCase__       :	Tuple     				=TypeVar('T', bound=bool)







class      __lowercase  (Generic[T]   ):





							"""simple docstring"""







							def __init__(	self       ,		lowerCAmelCase__    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			T       						= value
										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			RandomizedHeapNode[T] | None       						= None
										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			RandomizedHeapNode[T] | None       						= None






							@property
							def  UpperCamelCase__			(	self    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										return self._value






							@staticmethod
							def  UpperCamelCase__			(	lowerCAmelCase__       ,		lowerCAmelCase__    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										if not roota:
													return roota

										if not roota:
													return roota

										if roota.value > roota.value:
													SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						,	SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			Optional[int]       						= roota, roota

										if random.choice([True, False]    ):
													SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						,	SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			str       						= roota.right, roota.left

										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			Union[str, Any]       						= RandomizedHeapNode.merge(roota.left       ,		lowerCAmelCase__    )

										return roota







class      __lowercase  (Generic[T]   ):





							"""simple docstring"""







							def __init__(	self       ,		lowerCAmelCase__ = ()    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			RandomizedHeapNode[T] | None       						= None

										if data:
													for item in data:
																self.insert(lowerCAmelCase__    )






							def  UpperCamelCase__			(	self       ,		lowerCAmelCase__    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			Union[str, Any]       						= RandomizedHeapNode.merge(self._root       ,		RandomizedHeapNode(lowerCAmelCase__    )    )






							def  UpperCamelCase__			(	self    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			Dict       						= self.top()

										if self._root is None:
													return None

										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			Any       						= RandomizedHeapNode.merge(self._root.left       ,		self._root.right    )

										return result






							def  UpperCamelCase__			(	self    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										if not self._root:
													raise IndexError('Can\'t get top element for the empty heap.'    )
										return self._root.value






							def  UpperCamelCase__			(	self    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			Union[str, Any]       						= None






							def  UpperCamelCase__			(	self    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_						:			Any       						= []
										while self:
													result.append(self.pop()    )

										return result






							def __bool__(	self    ):





										"""simple docstring"""




										return self._root is not None


if __name__ == "__main__":
				import doctest

				doctest.testmod()











from __future__ import annotations

from typing import Generic, TypeVar

lowerCamelCase_  						=   TypeVar("T")
class       __a					( Generic[T]     ):


     """simple docstring"""


     def __init__(	self			: int				,_UpperCamelCase			: T						)		->   str:


         '''simple docstring'''





         SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=data  # Assign data
         SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=None  # Initialize next as null
         SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=None  # Initialize prev as null






class       __a					( Generic[T]     ):


     """simple docstring"""


     def __init__(	self			: Tuple						)		->   None:


         '''simple docstring'''





         SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=None




     def   __A				(	self			: Dict				,_UpperCamelCase			: T						)		->   None:


         '''simple docstring'''





         if self.head is None:
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=Node(_UpperCamelCase						)
         else:
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=Node(_UpperCamelCase						)
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=new_node
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=self.head
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=None
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=new_node




     def   __A				(	self			: List[str]						)		->   T | None:


         '''simple docstring'''





         if self.head is None:
             return None
         else:
             assert self.head is not None
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=self.head.data
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=self.head.next
             if self.head is not None:
                 SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=None
             return temp




     def   __A				(	self			: List[str]						)		->   T | None:


         '''simple docstring'''





         return self.head.data if self.head is not None else None




     def __len__(	self			: Optional[int]						)		->   int:


         '''simple docstring'''





         SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=self.head
         SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=0
         while temp is not None:
             count += 1
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=temp.next
         return count




     def   __A				(	self			: List[Any]						)		->   bool:


         '''simple docstring'''





         return self.head is None




     def   __A				(	self			: int						)		->   None:


         '''simple docstring'''





         print("""stack elements are:"""						)
         SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=self.head
         while temp is not None:
             print(temp.data				,end="""->"""						)
             SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__								=temp.next


# Code execution starts here
if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Start with the empty stack
    lowerCamelCase_  						=   Stack()

    # Insert 4 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->None
    print("Stack operations using Doubly LinkedList")
    stack.push(4)

    # Insert 5 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->5->None
    stack.push(5)

    # Insert 6 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->5->6->None
    stack.push(6)

    # Insert 7 at the beginning. So stack becomes 4->5->6->7->None
    stack.push(7)

    # Print the stack
    stack.print_stack()

    # Print the top element
    print("\nTop element is ", stack.top())

    # Print the stack size
    print("Size of the stack is ", len(stack))

    # pop the top element
    stack.pop()

    # pop the top element
    stack.pop()

    # two elements have now been popped off
    stack.print_stack()

    # Print True if the stack is empty else False
    print("\nstack is empty:", stack.is_empty())






