





"""simple docstring"""


import os
from typing import Dict, List, Tuple, TypeVar, Union


__magic_name__       :					Any						=			TypeVar("""T""")

__magic_name__       :					Optional[Any]						=			Union[List[T], Tuple[T, ...]]
__magic_name__       :					Optional[Any]						=			Union[T, List[T], Dict[str, T]]
__magic_name__       :					Dict						=			Union[str, bytes, os.PathLike]




def 				lowerCAmelCase__       (			a__ )      ->int:




  '''simple docstring'''

  if not isinstance(a__    ,     a__ ) or number < 0:
    raise ValueError("Input must be a non-negative integer" )

  _UpperCamelCase           =    0
  while number:
    # This way we arrive at next set bit (next 1) instead of looping
    # through each bit and checking for 1s hence the
    # loop won't run 32 times it will only run the number of `1` times
    number &= number - 1
    count += 1
  return count


if __name__ == "__main__":
   import doctest

   doctest.testmod()




