
"""simple docstring"""




import heapq



def     __magic_name__		(					UpperCamelCase     :		dict     )     ->						set[int]:
    a__		=			[]

    # for each node and his adjacency list add them and the rank of the node to queue
    # using heapq module the queue will be filled like a Priority Queue
    # heapq works with a min priority queue, so I used -1*len(v) to build it
    for key, value in graph.items():
        # O(log(n))
        heapq.heappush(UpperCamelCase							,		[-1 * len(UpperCamelCase     ), (key, value)]     )

    # chosen_vertices = set of chosen vertices
    a__		=			set()

    # while queue isn't empty and there are still edges
    #   (queue[0][0] is the rank of the node with max rank)
    while queue and queue[0][0] != 0:
        # extract vertex with max rank from queue and add it to chosen_vertices
        a__		=			heapq.heappop(UpperCamelCase     )[1][0]
        chosen_vertices.add(UpperCamelCase     )

        # Remove all arcs adjacent to argmax
        for elem in queue:
            # if v haven't adjacent node, skip
            if elem[0] == 0:
                continue
            # if argmax is reachable from elem
            # remove argmax from elem's adjacent list and update his rank
            if argmax in elem[1][1]:
                a__		=			elem[1][1].index(UpperCamelCase     )
                del elem[1][1][index]
                elem[0] += 1
        # re-order the queue
        heapq.heapify(UpperCamelCase     )
    return chosen_vertices


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import doctest

    doctest.testmod()

    a		:       str     						=       {0: [1, 3], 1: [0, 3], 2: [0, 3, 4], 3: [0, 1, 2], 4: [2, 3]}
    print(F'''Minimum vertex cover:\n{greedy_min_vertex_cover(graph)}''')




"""simple docstring"""




def     __magic_name__		(					UpperCamelCase     :		float							,		UpperCamelCase     :		float							,		UpperCamelCase     :		float							,		UpperCamelCase     :		float							,		UpperCamelCase     :		float							,		)     ->						float:
    a__		=			[redshift, radiation_density, matter_density, dark_energy]
    if any(p < 0 for p in parameters     ):
        raise ValueError('All input parameters must be positive'     )

    if any(p > 1 for p in parameters[1:4]     ):
        raise ValueError('Relative densities cannot be greater than one'     )
    else:
        a__		=			1 - (matter_density + radiation_density + dark_energy)

        a__		=			(
            radiation_density * (redshift + 1) ** 4
            + matter_density * (redshift + 1) ** 3
            + curvature * (redshift + 1) ** 2
            + dark_energy
        )

        a__		=			hubble_constant * e_a ** (1 / 2)
        return hubble


if __name__ == "__main__":
    import doctest

    # run doctest
    doctest.testmod()

    # demo LCDM approximation
    a		:       Any     						=       0.3

    print(
        hubble_parameter(
            hubble_constant=68.3,
            radiation_density=1e-4,
            matter_density=matter_density,
            dark_energy=1 - matter_density,
            redshift=0,
        )
    )


