




'''simple docstring'''







def        lowerCamelCase__				(      __lowercase				):
     snake_case			:      Union[str, Any]        =			[]
     if len(__lowercase				) == 1:
          return [nums.copy()]
     for _ in range(len(__lowercase				)				):
          snake_case			:      Any        =			nums.pop(0				)
          snake_case			:      Any        =			permute(__lowercase				)
          for perm in permutations:
               perm.append(__lowercase				)
          result.extend(__lowercase				)
          nums.append(__lowercase				)
     return result



def        lowerCamelCase__				(      __lowercase				):

     def backtrack(__lowercase				):
          if start == len(__lowercase				) - 1:
               output.append(nums[:]				)
          else:
               for i in range(__lowercase     ,   len(__lowercase				)				):
                    snake_case ,		snake_case			:      Any        =			nums[i], nums[start]
                    backtrack(start + 1				)
                    snake_case ,		snake_case			:      int        =			nums[i], nums[start]  # backtrack

     snake_case			:      Any        =			[]
     backtrack(0				)
     return output


if __name__ == "__main__":
      import doctest

      # use res to print the data in permute2 function
      lowercase      :   Union[str, Any]      =       permutea([1, 2, 3])
      print(res)
      doctest.testmod()









'''simple docstring'''







import numpy as np

lowercase      :   str      =       [
    ["""a""", """b""", """c""", """d""", """e"""],
    ["""f""", """g""", """h""", """i""", """k"""],
    ["""l""", """m""", """n""", """o""", """p"""],
    ["""q""", """r""", """s""", """t""", """u"""],
    ["""v""", """w""", """x""", """y""", """z"""],
]







class 					_a :





     '''simple docstring'''



     def __init__(				self							)      ->				None:
          snake_case			:      Dict        =			np.array(__a							)







     def 			snake_case_      (				self							,__a							)      ->				np.ndarray:
          snake_case ,		snake_case			:      Optional[Any]        =			np.where(letter == self.SQUARE							)
          snake_case			:      List[Any]        =			np.concatenate([indexa + 1, indexa + 1]							)
          return indexes







     def 			snake_case_      (				self							,__a							,__a							)      ->				str:
          snake_case			:      List[Any]        =			self.SQUARE[indexa - 1, indexa - 1]
          return letter







     def 			snake_case_      (				self							,__a							)      ->				str:
          snake_case			:      List[Any]        =			message.lower()
          snake_case			:      Dict        =			message.replace(""" """							,""""""							)
          snake_case			:      List[str]        =			message.replace("""j"""							,"""i"""							)

          snake_case			:      Optional[int]        =			np.empty((2, len(__a							))							)
          for letter_index in range(len(__a							)							):
               snake_case			:      Tuple        =			self.letter_to_numbers(message[letter_index]							)

               snake_case			:      Optional[Any]        =			numbers[0]
               snake_case			:      List[str]        =			numbers[1]

          snake_case			:      List[str]        =			first_step.reshape(2 * len(__a							)							)
          snake_case			:      List[Any]        =			""""""
          for numbers_index in range(len(__a							)							):
               snake_case			:      List[str]        =			int(second_step[numbers_index * 2]							)
               snake_case			:      List[Any]        =			int(second_step[(numbers_index * 2) + 1]							)
               snake_case			:      str        =			self.numbers_to_letter(__a							,__a							)
               snake_case			:      Any        =			encoded_message + letter

          return encoded_message







     def 			snake_case_      (				self							,__a							)      ->				str:
          snake_case			:      Any        =			message.lower()
          message.replace(""" """							,""""""							)
          snake_case			:      Dict        =			np.empty(2 * len(__a							)							)
          for letter_index in range(len(__a							)							):
               snake_case			:      str        =			self.letter_to_numbers(message[letter_index]							)
               snake_case			:      Any        =			numbers[0]
               snake_case			:      int        =			numbers[1]

          snake_case			:      List[str]        =			first_step.reshape((2, len(__a							))							)
          snake_case			:      Dict        =			""""""
          for numbers_index in range(len(__a							)							):
               snake_case			:      Optional[Any]        =			int(second_step[0, numbers_index]							)
               snake_case			:      Optional[int]        =			int(second_step[1, numbers_index]							)
               snake_case			:      Tuple        =			self.numbers_to_letter(__a							,__a							)
               snake_case			:      int        =			decoded_message + letter

          return decoded_message



