





'''simple docstring'''

from collections import defaultdict





def lowerCamelCase		(	__lowerCamelCase					:       Union[str, Any]       )		->Tuple:
    _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   							=     1
    _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   							=     True
    for v in tree[start]:
        if v not in visited:
            ret += dfs(_snake_case       )
    if ret % 2 == 0:
        cuts.append(_snake_case       )
    return ret





def lowerCamelCase		(	)		->List[Any]:
    dfs(1       )


if __name__ == "__main__":
      lowercase_							,     lowercase_      							=					10, 9
      lowercase_      							=					defaultdict(list)
      lowercase_      							=					{}
      lowercase_      							=					[]
      lowercase_      							=					0
      lowercase_      							=					[(2, 1), (3, 1), (4, 3), (5, 2), (6, 1), (7, 2), (8, 6), (9, 8), (10, 8)]
      for u, v in edges:
            tree[u].append(v)
            tree[v].append(u)
      even_tree()
      print(len(cuts) - 1)





"""simple docstring"""



def 					lowerCamelCase   (     _snake_case    ,_snake_case ):
    return int((input_a, input_a).count(0 ) == 0 )
def 					lowerCamelCase   (     ):
    assert and_gate(0    ,0 ) == 0
    assert and_gate(0    ,1 ) == 0
    assert and_gate(1    ,0 ) == 0
    assert and_gate(1    ,1 ) == 1


if __name__ == "__main__":
    test_and_gate()
    print(and_gate(1, 0))
    print(and_gate(0, 0))
    print(and_gate(0, 1))
    print(and_gate(1, 1))

