

from __future__ import annotations

from collections.abc import Iterator
from typing import Any

class 							UpperCAmelCase_						:
							"""simple docstring"""







							def __init__(     self			,				_a			)       ->       str:
												_a      :       Optional[int]   =						data
												_a      :       str   =						None



class 							UpperCAmelCase_						:
							"""simple docstring"""







							def __init__(     self			)       ->       str:
												_a      :       List[Any]   =						None
												_a      :       str   =						None


							def __iter__(     self			)       ->       Iterator[Any]:
												_a      :       Any   =						self.head
												while self.head:
																	yield node.data
																	_a      :       List[str]   =						node.next
																	if node == self.head:
																						break


							def __len__(     self			)       ->       int:
												return sum(1 for _ in self			)


							def __repr__(     self			)       ->       List[str]:
												return "->".join(str(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_			) for item in iter(self			)			)


							def 							__lowercase							(     self			,				_a			)       ->       None:
												self.insert_nth(len(self			)			,				SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_			)


							def 							__lowercase							(     self			,				_a			)       ->       None:
												self.insert_nth(0			,				SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_			)


							def 							__lowercase							(     self			,				_a			,				_a			)       ->       None:
												if index < 0 or index > len(self			):
																	raise IndexError('''list index out of range.'''			)
												_a      :       Optional[int]   =						Node(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE_			)
												if self.head is None:
																	_a      :       str   =						new_node  # first node points itself
																	_a      :       Tuple   =						new_node
												elif index == 0:  # insert at head
																	_a      :       Tuple   =						self.head
																	_a      :       str   =						new_node
												else:
																	_a      :       Dict   =						self.head
																	for _ in range(index - 1			):
																						_a      :       Optional[Any]   =						temp.next
																	_a      :       str   =						temp.next
																	_a      :       List[Any]   =						new_node
																	if index == len(self			) - 1:  # insert at tail
																						_a      :       Tuple   =						new_node


							def 							__lowercase							(     self			)       ->       Dict:
												return self.delete_nth(0			)


							def 							__lowercase							(     self			)       ->       Any:
												return self.delete_nth(len(self			) - 1			)


							def 							__lowercase							(     self			,				_a = 0			)       ->       Any:
												if not 0 <= index < len(self			):
																	raise IndexError('''list index out of range.'''			)
												_a      :       Optional[Any]   =						self.head
												if self.head == self.tail:  # just one node
																	_a      :       Union[str, Any]   =						None
												elif index == 0:  # delete head node
																	_a      :       Optional[int]   =						self.tail.next.next
																	_a      :       Tuple   =						self.head.next
												else:
																	_a      :       str   =						self.head
																	for _ in range(index - 1			):
																						_a      :       List[Any]   =						temp.next
																	_a      :       Optional[Any]   =						temp.next
																	_a      :       Optional[int]   =						temp.next.next
																	if index == len(self			) - 1:  # delete at tail
																						_a      :       int   =						temp
												return delete_node.data




							def 							__lowercase							(     self			)       ->       bool:
												return len(self			) == 0



def   __UpperCAmelCase					(      )     ->	Optional[Any]:

					"""simple docstring"""

					_a      :       Dict   =						CircularLinkedList()
					assert len(snake_case__      ) == 0
					assert circular_linked_list.is_empty() is True
					assert str(snake_case__      ) == ""

					try:
										circular_linked_list.delete_front()
										raise AssertionError  # This should not happen
					except IndexError:
										assert True  # This should happen

					try:
										circular_linked_list.delete_tail()
										raise AssertionError  # This should not happen
					except IndexError:
										assert True  # This should happen

					try:
										circular_linked_list.delete_nth(-1      )
										raise AssertionError
					except IndexError:
										assert True

					try:
										circular_linked_list.delete_nth(0      )
										raise AssertionError
					except IndexError:
										assert True

					assert circular_linked_list.is_empty() is True
					for i in range(5      ):
										assert len(snake_case__      ) == i
										circular_linked_list.insert_nth(snake_case__						,i + 1      )
					assert str(snake_case__      ) == "->".join(str(snake_case__      ) for i in range(1						,6      )      )

					circular_linked_list.insert_tail(6      )
					assert str(snake_case__      ) == "->".join(str(snake_case__      ) for i in range(1						,7      )      )
					circular_linked_list.insert_head(0      )
					assert str(snake_case__      ) == "->".join(str(snake_case__      ) for i in range(0						,7      )      )

					assert circular_linked_list.delete_front() == 0
					assert circular_linked_list.delete_tail() == 6
					assert str(snake_case__      ) == "->".join(str(snake_case__      ) for i in range(1						,6      )      )
					assert circular_linked_list.delete_nth(2      ) == 3

					circular_linked_list.insert_nth(2						,3      )
					assert str(snake_case__      ) == "->".join(str(snake_case__      ) for i in range(1						,6      )      )

					assert circular_linked_list.is_empty() is False


if __name__ == "__main__":
			import doctest

			doctest.testmod()





from __future__ import annotations




def 							a		(				snake_case__:   Optional[int]		,  snake_case__:   Optional[int]		,  snake_case__:   Any		,  snake_case__:   Optional[int]   ):  # noqa: E741


				'''simple docstring'''
				while r - l > 1:
								lowercase_	    =   (l + r) // 2
								if v[m] >= key:
												lowercase_	    =   m
								else:
												lowercase_	    =   m  # noqa: E741
				return r




def 							a		(				snake_case__:   list[int]   ):


				'''simple docstring'''
				if len(snake_case__   ) == 0:
								return 0

				lowercase_	    =   [0] * len(snake_case__   )
				lowercase_	    =   1

				lowercase_	    =   v[0]

				for i in range(1		,  len(snake_case__   )   ):
								if v[i] < tail[0]:
												lowercase_	    =   v[i]
								elif v[i] > tail[length - 1]:
												lowercase_	    =   v[i]
												length += 1
								else:
												lowercase_	    =   v[i]

				return length


if __name__ == "__main__":
						import doctest

						doctest.testmod()




