


def 			_UpperCamelCase				( lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ ):
						global f  # a global dp table for knapsack
						if f[i][j] < 0:
												if j < wt[i - 1]:
																		__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	Union[str, Any]						     =						mf_knapsack(i - 1       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ )
												else:
																		__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	Tuple						     =						max(
																		    mf_knapsack(i - 1       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ )       ,			mf_knapsack(i - 1       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			j - wt[i - 1] ) + val[i - 1]       ,			)
												__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	Any						     =						val
						return f[i][j]


def 			_UpperCamelCase				( lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ ):
						__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	Dict						     =						[[0] * (w + 1) for _ in range(n + 1 )]

						for i in range(1       ,			n + 1 ):
												for w_ in range(1       ,			w + 1 ):
																		if wt[i - 1] <= w_:
																								__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	Optional[Any]						     =						max(val[i - 1] + dp[i - 1][w_ - wt[i - 1]]       ,			dp[i - 1][w_] )
																		else:
																								__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	str						     =						dp[i - 1][w_]

						return dp[n][w_], dp


def 			_UpperCamelCase				( lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ ):
						if not (isinstance(lowercase__       ,			(list, tuple) ) and isinstance(lowercase__       ,			(list, tuple) )):
												raise ValueError(
												    '''Both the weights and values vectors must be either lists or tuples''' )

						__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	str						     =						len(lowercase__ )
						if num_items != len(lowercase__ ):
												__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	Union[str, Any]						     =						(
												    """The number of weights must be the same as the number of values.\n"""
												    F'''But got {num_items} weights and {len(lowercase__ )} values'''
												)
												raise ValueError(lowercase__ )
						for i in range(lowercase__ ):
												if not isinstance(wt[i]       ,			lowercase__ ):
																		__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	List[str]						     =						(
																		    """All weights must be integers but got weight of """
																		    F'''type {type(wt[i] )} at index {i}'''
																		)
																		raise TypeError(lowercase__ )

						__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	List[Any]						     =						knapsack(lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ )
						__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		:	set						     =						set()
						_construct_solution(lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ )

						return optimal_val, example_optional_set


def 			_UpperCamelCase				( lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ ):
						# for the current item i at a maximum weight j to be part of an optimal subset,
						# the optimal value at (i, j) must be greater than the optimal value at (i-1, j).
						# where i - 1 means considering only the previous items at the given maximum weight
						if i > 0 and j > 0:
												if dp[i - 1][j] == dp[i][j]:
																		_construct_solution(lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			i - 1       ,			lowercase__       ,			lowercase__ )
												else:
																		optimal_set.add(lowercase__ )
																		_construct_solution(lowercase__       ,			lowercase__       ,			i - 1       ,			j - wt[i - 1]       ,			lowercase__ )


if __name__ == "__main__":
						__lowerCAmelCase      :					Dict    							=[3, 2, 4, 4]
						__lowerCAmelCase      :					str    							=[4, 3, 2, 3]
						__lowerCAmelCase      :					Any    							=4
						__lowerCAmelCase      :					List[str]    							=6
						__lowerCAmelCase      :					Tuple    							=[[0] * (w + 1)] + [[0] + [-1] * (w + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]
						__lowerCAmelCase      :					Dict    							=knapsack(w, wt, val, n)
						print(optimal_solution)
						print(mf_knapsack(n, wt, val, w))  # switched the n and w

						# testing the dynamic programming problem with example
						# the optimal subset for the above example are items 3 and 4
						__lowerCAmelCase      :					Any    							=knapsack_with_example_solution(w, wt, val)
						assert optimal_solution == 8
						assert optimal_subset == {3, 4}
						print('optimal_value = ', optimal_solution)
						print('An optimal subset corresponding to the optimal value', optimal_subset)






import inspect
import unittest

import torch
import torch.nn as nn

from accelerate.hooks import (
    AlignDevicesHook,
    ModelHook,
    SequentialHook,
    add_hook_to_module,
    attach_align_device_hook,
    remove_hook_from_module,
    remove_hook_from_submodules,
)
from accelerate.test_utils import require_multi_gpu




class 		__A   (      nn.Module      ):

						def __init__(		self :List[Any]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										super().__init__()
										__magic_name__						:						Tuple										=nn.Linear(3     ,			4			)
										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=nn.BatchNormad(4			)
										__magic_name__						:						List[str]										=nn.Linear(4     ,			5			)


						def      A__    (		self :Dict     ,			__snake_case :Tuple			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										return self.lineara(self.batchnorm(self.lineara(__snake_case			)			)			)




class 		__A   (      UpperCamelCase__      ):

						def      A__    (		self :Any     ,			__snake_case :Optional[Any]     ,			*__snake_case :List[Any]     ,			**__snake_case :Any			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										return (args[0] + 1,) + args[1:], kwargs




class 		__A   (      UpperCamelCase__      ):

						def      A__    (		self :List[str]     ,			__snake_case :Tuple     ,			__snake_case :Union[str, Any]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										return output + 1




class 		__A   (      unittest.TestCase      ):

						def      A__    (		self :List[str]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						int										=ModelForTest()
										__magic_name__						:						Tuple										=ModelHook()

										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(test_model._hf_hook     ,			__snake_case			)
										self.assertTrue(hasattr(__snake_case     ,			"""_old_forward"""			)			)

										# Check adding the hook did not change the name or the signature
										self.assertEqual(test_model.forward.__name__     ,			"""forward"""			)
										self.assertListEqual(list(inspect.signature(test_model.forward			).parameters			)     ,			["""x"""]			)

										remove_hook_from_module(__snake_case			)
										self.assertFalse(hasattr(__snake_case     ,			"""_hf_hook"""			)			)
										self.assertFalse(hasattr(__snake_case     ,			"""_old_forward"""			)			)

						def      A__    (		self :Tuple			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						int										=ModelForTest()
										__magic_name__						:						List[str]										=ModelHook()

										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case     ,			append=__snake_case			)

										self.assertEqual(isinstance(test_model._hf_hook     ,			__snake_case			)     ,			__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(len(test_model._hf_hook.hooks			)     ,			2			)
										self.assertTrue(hasattr(__snake_case     ,			"""_old_forward"""			)			)

										# Check adding the hook did not change the name or the signature
										self.assertEqual(test_model.forward.__name__     ,			"""forward"""			)
										self.assertListEqual(list(inspect.signature(test_model.forward			).parameters			)     ,			["""x"""]			)

										remove_hook_from_module(__snake_case			)
										self.assertFalse(hasattr(__snake_case     ,			"""_hf_hook"""			)			)
										self.assertFalse(hasattr(__snake_case     ,			"""_old_forward"""			)			)

						def      A__    (		self :List[str]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						Any										=ModelForTest()
										__magic_name__						:						Any										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						Any										=test_model(x + 1			)
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[Any]										=test_model(x + 2			)

										__magic_name__						:						int										=PreForwardHook()
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)
										__magic_name__						:						int										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case     ,			atol=1E-5			)			)

										# Attaching a hook to a model when it already has one replaces, does not chain
										__magic_name__						:						str										=PreForwardHook()
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)
										__magic_name__						:						List[str]										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case     ,			atol=1E-5			)			)

										# You need to use the sequential hook to chain two or more hooks
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[Any]										=SequentialHook(PreForwardHook()     ,			PreForwardHook()			)
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)

										__magic_name__						:						Any										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										assert torch.allclose(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case     ,			atol=1E-5			)

						def      A__    (		self :Any			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						Optional[Any]										=ModelForTest()
										__magic_name__						:						Dict										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						Any										=test_model(__snake_case			)

										__magic_name__						:						Dict										=PostForwardHook()
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)
										__magic_name__						:						Any										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(__snake_case     ,			output + 1     ,			atol=1E-5			)			)

										# Attaching a hook to a model when it already has one replaces, does not chain
										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=PostForwardHook()
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[int]										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(__snake_case     ,			output + 1     ,			atol=1E-5			)			)

										# You need to use the sequential hook to chain two or more hooks
										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=SequentialHook(PostForwardHook()     ,			PostForwardHook()			)
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)

										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										assert torch.allclose(__snake_case     ,			output + 2     ,			atol=1E-5			)

						def      A__    (		self :Tuple			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						Tuple										=ModelForTest()
										__magic_name__						:						int										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=test_model(__snake_case			)

										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=PostForwardHook()
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			__snake_case			)
										__magic_name__						:						Dict										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertTrue(torch.allclose(__snake_case     ,			output + 1			)			)
										self.assertTrue(outputa.requires_grad			)

										__magic_name__						:						Any										=True
										__magic_name__						:						Any										=test_model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertFalse(outputa.requires_grad			)

						@require_multi_gpu
						def      A__    (		self :List[str]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						Optional[Any]										=ModelForTest()
										# Everything is on CPU
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

										# This will move each submodule on different devices
										add_hook_to_module(model.lineara     ,			AlignDevicesHook(execution_device=0			)			)
										add_hook_to_module(model.batchnorm     ,			AlignDevicesHook(execution_device=0			)			)
										add_hook_to_module(model.lineara     ,			AlignDevicesHook(execution_device=1			)			)

										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device(0			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device(0			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.running_mean.device     ,			torch.device(0			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device(1			)			)

										# We can still make a forward pass. The input does not need to be on any particular device
										__magic_name__						:						List[Any]										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[Any]										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			torch.device(1			)			)

										# We can add a general hook to put back output on same device as input.
										add_hook_to_module(__snake_case     ,			AlignDevicesHook(io_same_device=__snake_case			)			)
										__magic_name__						:						int										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			).to(0			)
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[int]										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			torch.device(0			)			)

						def      A__    (		self :List[Any]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						int										=ModelForTest()

										# Everything is on CPU
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

										# This will move each submodule on different devices
										__magic_name__						:						int										={"""execution_device""": 0 if torch.cuda.is_available() else """cpu""", """offload""": True}

										add_hook_to_module(model.lineara     ,			AlignDevicesHook(**__snake_case			)			)
										add_hook_to_module(model.batchnorm     ,			AlignDevicesHook(**__snake_case			)			)
										add_hook_to_module(model.lineara     ,			AlignDevicesHook(**__snake_case			)			)

										# Parameters have been offloaded, so on the meta device
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										# Buffers are not included in the offload by default, so are on the execution device
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[int]										=torch.device(hook_kwargs["""execution_device"""]			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.running_mean.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[int]										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										# Removing hooks loads back the weights in the model.
										remove_hook_from_module(model.lineara			)
										remove_hook_from_module(model.batchnorm			)
										remove_hook_from_module(model.lineara			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

										# Now test with buffers included in the offload
										__magic_name__						:						Tuple										={
										    """execution_device""": 0 if torch.cuda.is_available() else """cpu""",
										    """offload""": True,
										    """offload_buffers""": True,
										}

										add_hook_to_module(model.lineara     ,			AlignDevicesHook(**__snake_case			)			)
										add_hook_to_module(model.batchnorm     ,			AlignDevicesHook(**__snake_case			)			)
										add_hook_to_module(model.lineara     ,			AlignDevicesHook(**__snake_case			)			)

										# Parameters have been offloaded, so on the meta device, buffers included
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.running_mean.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)

										__magic_name__						:						Tuple										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						int										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										# Removing hooks loads back the weights in the model.
										remove_hook_from_module(model.lineara			)
										remove_hook_from_module(model.batchnorm			)
										remove_hook_from_module(model.lineara			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

						def      A__    (		self :List[Any]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						Any										=ModelForTest()

										# Everything is on CPU
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

										# This will move each submodule on different devices
										__magic_name__						:						str										=0 if torch.cuda.is_available() else """cpu"""
										attach_align_device_hook(__snake_case     ,			execution_device=__snake_case     ,			offload=__snake_case			)

										# Parameters have been offloaded, so on the meta device
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										# Buffers are not included in the offload by default, so are on the execution device
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[Any]										=torch.device(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.running_mean.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										__magic_name__						:						List[Any]										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						str										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										# Removing hooks loads back the weights in the model.
										remove_hook_from_submodules(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

										# Now test with buffers included in the offload
										attach_align_device_hook(__snake_case     ,			execution_device=__snake_case     ,			offload=__snake_case     ,			offload_buffers=__snake_case			)

										# Parameters have been offloaded, so on the meta device, buffers included
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.running_mean.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)

										__magic_name__						:						Optional[int]										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						Union[str, Any]										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										# Removing hooks loads back the weights in the model.
										remove_hook_from_submodules(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)


						def      A__    (		self :List[str]			):
										'''simple docstring'''

										__magic_name__						:						Dict										=ModelForTest()

										# Everything is on CPU
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

										# This will move each submodule on different devices
										__magic_name__						:						List[str]										=0 if torch.cuda.is_available() else """cpu"""
										attach_align_device_hook(
										    __snake_case     ,			execution_device=__snake_case     ,			offload=__snake_case     ,			weights_map=model.state_dict()			)

										# Parameters have been offloaded, so on the meta device
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										# Buffers are not included in the offload by default, so are on the execution device
										__magic_name__						:						Optional[Any]										=torch.device(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.running_mean.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										__magic_name__						:						int										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						Any										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										# Removing hooks loads back the weights in the model.
										remove_hook_from_submodules(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)

										# Now test with buffers included in the offload
										attach_align_device_hook(
										    __snake_case     ,			execution_device=__snake_case     ,			offload=__snake_case     ,			weights_map=model.state_dict()     ,			offload_buffers=__snake_case     ,			)

										# Parameters have been offloaded, so on the meta device, buffers included
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.running_mean.device     ,			torch.device("""meta"""			)			)

										__magic_name__						:						List[Any]										=torch.randn(2     ,			3			)
										__magic_name__						:						str										=model(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(output.device     ,			__snake_case			)

										# Removing hooks loads back the weights in the model.
										remove_hook_from_submodules(__snake_case			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.batchnorm.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)
										self.assertEqual(model.lineara.weight.device     ,			torch.device("""cpu"""			)			)




