
_A  =	"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/"






def   lowerCamelCase__							(							__lowerCAmelCase    :    bytes							):




			"""simple docstring"""


			if not isinstance(__a       ,				__a							):
						lowerCAmelCase_         =      F"""a bytes-like object is required, not '{data.__class__.__name__}'"""
						raise TypeError(__a							)

			lowerCAmelCase_         =      ''''''.join(bin(__a							)[2:].zfill(8							) for byte in data							)

			lowerCAmelCase_         =      len(__a							) % 6 != 0

			if padding_needed:
						# The padding that will be added later
						lowerCAmelCase_         =      b'''=''' * ((6 - len(__a							) % 6) // 2)

						# Append binary_stream with arbitrary binary digits (0's by default) to make its
						# length a multiple of 6.
						binary_stream += "0" * (6 - len(__a							) % 6)
			else:
						lowerCAmelCase_         =      b''''''

			# Encode every 6 binary digits to their corresponding Base64 character
			return (
			    "".join(
			        B64_CHARSET[int(binary_stream[index : index + 6]       ,				2							)]
			        for index in range(0       ,				len(__a							)       ,				6							)							).encode()
			    + padding
			)






def   lowerCamelCase__							(							__lowerCAmelCase    :    str							):




			"""simple docstring"""


			if not isinstance(__a       ,				__a							) and not isinstance(__a       ,				__a							):
						lowerCAmelCase_         =      (
						    '''argument should be a bytes-like object or ASCII string, '''
						    F"""not '{encoded_data.__class__.__name__}'"""
						)
						raise TypeError(__a							)

			# In case encoded_data is a bytes-like object, make sure it contains only
			# ASCII characters so we convert it to a string object
			if isinstance(__a       ,				__a							):
						try:
									lowerCAmelCase_         =      encoded_data.decode("utf-8"							)
						except UnicodeDecodeError:
									raise ValueError("base64 encoded data should only contain ASCII characters"							)

			lowerCAmelCase_         =      encoded_data.count("="							)

			# Check if the encoded string contains non base64 characters
			if padding:
						assert all(
						    char in B64_CHARSET for char in encoded_data[:-padding]							), "Invalid base64 character(s) found."
			else:
						assert all(
						    char in B64_CHARSET for char in encoded_data							), "Invalid base64 character(s) found."

			# Check the padding
			assert len(__a							) % 4 == 0 and padding < 3, "Incorrect padding"

			if padding:
						# Remove padding if there is one
						lowerCAmelCase_         =      encoded_data[:-padding]

						lowerCAmelCase_         =      ''''''.join(
						    bin(B64_CHARSET.index(__a							)							)[2:].zfill(6							) for char in encoded_data							)[: -padding * 2]
			else:
						lowerCAmelCase_         =      ''''''.join(
						    bin(B64_CHARSET.index(__a							)							)[2:].zfill(6							) for char in encoded_data							)

			lowerCAmelCase_         =      [
			    int(binary_stream[index : index + 8]       ,				2							)
			    for index in range(0       ,				len(__a							)       ,				8							)
			]

			return bytes(__a							)


if __name__ == "__main__":
			import doctest

			doctest.testmod()






from random import randint
from tempfile import TemporaryFile

import numpy as np



def   __UpperCAmelCase					(      __a :     Optional[Any]						,__a :     int						,__a :     Any      )     ->	int:

					"""simple docstring"""

					_a      :       int   =						0
					if start < end:
										_a      :       Tuple   =						randint(__a						,__a      )
										_a      :       Tuple   =						a[end]
										_a      :       List[str]   =						a[pivot]
										_a      :       Any   =						temp

										_a ,   _a      :       Optional[int]   =						_in_place_partition(__a						,__a						,__a      )
										count += _in_place_quick_sort(__a						,__a						,p - 1      )
										count += _in_place_quick_sort(__a						,p + 1						,__a      )
					return count



def   __UpperCAmelCase					(      __a :     List[Any]						,__a :     Tuple						,__a :     Dict      )     ->	Dict:

					"""simple docstring"""

					_a      :       Dict   =						0
					_a      :       Tuple   =						randint(__a						,__a      )
					_a      :       List[Any]   =						a[end]
					_a      :       str   =						a[pivot]
					_a      :       str   =						temp
					_a      :       Dict   =						start - 1
					for index in range(__a						,__a      ):
										count += 1
										if a[index] < a[end]:  # check if current val is less than pivot value
															_a      :       int   =						new_pivot_index + 1
															_a      :       Any   =						a[new_pivot_index]
															_a      :       Optional[int]   =						a[index]
															_a      :       str   =						temp

					_a      :       Union[str, Any]   =						a[new_pivot_index + 1]
					_a      :       Tuple   =						a[end]
					_a      :       Any   =						temp
					return new_pivot_index + 1, count


a__												=						TemporaryFile()
a__												=						100  # 1000 elements are to be sorted


a__						,     a__												=						0, 1  # mean and standard deviation
a__												=						np.random.normal(mu, sigma, p)
np.save(outfile, X)
print('''The array is''')
print(X)


outfile.seek(0)  # using the same array
a__												=						np.load(outfile)
a__												=						len(M) - 1
a__												=						_in_place_quick_sort(M, 0, r)

print(
    '''No of Comparisons for 100 elements selected from a standard normal distribution'''
    '''is :'''
)







print(z)



