






"""simple docstring"""
def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	global f  # a global dp table for knapsack
	if f[i][j] < 0:
		if j < wt[i - 1]:
			A_		:    List[Any]						     = mf_knapsack(i - 1 , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       )
		else:
			A_		:    Union[str, Any]						     = max(
			    mf_knapsack(i - 1 , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       ) , mf_knapsack(i - 1 , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , j - wt[i - 1]       ) + val[i - 1] , )
		A_		:    Dict						     = val
	return f[i][j]






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	A_		:    Any						     = [[0] * (w + 1) for _ in range(n + 1       )]

	for i in range(1 , n + 1       ):
		for w_ in range(1 , w + 1       ):
			if wt[i - 1] <= w_:
				A_		:    Union[str, Any]						     = max(val[i - 1] + dp[i - 1][w_ - wt[i - 1]] , dp[i - 1][w_]       )
			else:
				A_		:    str						     = dp[i - 1][w_]

	return dp[n][w_], dp






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	if not (isinstance(snake_case__ , (list, tuple)       ) and isinstance(snake_case__ , (list, tuple)       )):
		raise ValueError(
		    """Both the weights and values vectors must be either lists or tuples"""       )

	A_		:    Optional[Any]						     = len(snake_case__       )
	if num_items != len(snake_case__       ):
		A_		:    List[str]						     = (
		    """The number of weights must be the same as the number of values.\n"""
		    F"""But got {num_items} weights and {len(snake_case__       )} values"""
		)
		raise ValueError(snake_case__       )
	for i in range(snake_case__       ):
		if not isinstance(wt[i] , snake_case__       ):
			A_		:    Union[str, Any]						     = (
			    """All weights must be integers but got weight of """
			    F"""type {type(wt[i]       )} at index {i}"""
			)
			raise TypeError(snake_case__       )

	A_     ,  A_		:    Dict						     = knapsack(snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       )
	A_		:    set						     = set()
	_construct_solution(snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       )

	return optimal_val, example_optional_set






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	# for the current item i at a maximum weight j to be part of an optimal subset,
	# the optimal value at (i, j) must be greater than the optimal value at (i-1, j).
	# where i - 1 means considering only the previous items at the given maximum weight
	if i > 0 and j > 0:
		if dp[i - 1][j] == dp[i][j]:
			_construct_solution(snake_case__ , snake_case__ , i - 1 , snake_case__ , snake_case__       )
		else:
			optimal_set.add(snake_case__       )
			_construct_solution(snake_case__ , snake_case__ , i - 1 , j - wt[i - 1] , snake_case__       )


if __name__ == "__main__":
							_lowerCAmelCase       =				[3, 2, 4, 4]
							_lowerCAmelCase       =				[4, 3, 2, 3]
							_lowerCAmelCase       =				4
							_lowerCAmelCase       =				6
							_lowerCAmelCase       =				[[0] * (w + 1)] + [[0] + [-1] * (w + 1) for _ in range(n + 1)]
							_lowerCAmelCase  ,     _lowerCAmelCase       =				knapsack(w, wt, val, n)
							print(optimal_solution)
							print(mf_knapsack(n, wt, val, w))  # switched the n and w

							# testing the dynamic programming problem with example
							# the optimal subset for the above example are items 3 and 4
							_lowerCAmelCase  ,     _lowerCAmelCase       =				knapsack_with_example_solution(w, wt, val)
							assert optimal_solution == 8
							assert optimal_subset == {3, 4}
							print("optimal_value = ", optimal_solution)
							print("An optimal subset corresponding to the optimal value", optimal_subset)









"""simple docstring"""
import math
import os
import sys






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__       ):
	A_		:    Optional[Any]						     = """"""
	try:
		with open(snake_case__ , """rb"""       ) as binary_file:
			A_		:    Union[str, Any]						     = binary_file.read()
		for dat in data:
			A_		:    Dict						     = F"""{dat:08b}"""
			result += curr_byte
		return result
	except OSError:
		print("""File not accessible"""       )
		sys.exit()






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	lexicon.pop(snake_case__       )
	A_		:    List[str]						     = last_match_id

	if math.loga(snake_case__       ).is_integer():
		for curr_key in lexicon:
			A_		:    Dict						     = """0""" + lexicon[curr_key]

	A_		:    int						     = bin(snake_case__       )[2:]






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__       ):
	A_		:    Dict						     = {"""0""": """0""", """1""": """1"""}
	A_     ,  A_		:    Optional[int]						     = """""", """"""
	A_		:    Tuple						     = len(snake_case__       )

	for i in range(len(snake_case__       )       ):
		curr_string += data_bits[i]
		if curr_string not in lexicon:
			continue

		A_		:    List[str]						     = lexicon[curr_string]
		result += last_match_id
		add_key_to_lexicon(snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__ , snake_case__       )
		index += 1
		A_		:    int						     = """"""

	while curr_string != "" and curr_string not in lexicon:
		curr_string += "0"

	if curr_string != "":
		A_		:    Any						     = lexicon[curr_string]
		result += last_match_id

	return result






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	A_		:    Optional[int]						     = os.path.getsize(snake_case__       )
	A_		:    Dict						     = bin(snake_case__       )[2:]
	A_		:    Optional[Any]						     = len(snake_case__       )

	return "0" * (length_length - 1) + file_length_binary + compressed






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	A_		:    Tuple						     = 8
	try:
		with open(snake_case__ , """wb"""       ) as opened_file:
			A_		:    Dict						     = [
			    to_write[i : i + byte_length]
			    for i in range(0 , len(snake_case__       ) , snake_case__       )
			]

			if len(result_byte_array[-1]       ) % byte_length == 0:
				result_byte_array.append("""10000000"""       )
			else:
				result_byte_array[-1] += "1" + "0" * (
				    byte_length - len(result_byte_array[-1]       ) - 1
				)

			for elem in result_byte_array:
				opened_file.write(int(snake_case__ , 2       ).to_bytes(1 , byteorder="""big"""       )       )
	except OSError:
		print("""File not accessible"""       )
		sys.exit()






def       __UpperCamelCase						(		snake_case__ , snake_case__       ):
	A_		:    List[str]						     = read_file_binary(snake_case__       )
	A_		:    str						     = compress_data(snake_case__       )
	A_		:    int						     = add_file_length(snake_case__ , snake_case__       )
	write_file_binary(snake_case__ , snake_case__       )


if __name__ == "__main__":
							compress(sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2])

