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msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_254781187#13_541281354 | Title: How to Create a Natural Glam Makeup Look - VIVA GLAM MAGAZINE™
Headings: How to Create a Natural Glam Makeup Look
How to Create a Natural Glam Makeup Look
Step 1: Apply Foundation
Step 2: Apply Concealer
Step 3: Contour
Step 4: Apply Blush
Step 5: Highlight
Step 6: Apply Powder
Step 7: Eyebrows
Step 8: Apply Eyeshadow
Step 9: Apply Eyeliner
Step 10: Apply Mascara Primer
Step 11: Apply 2 Coats of Mascara
Step 12: Apply KAT Lash
Step 13: Highlight the Brow Bone
Step 14: Apply Liquid Lipstick
Step 15: Line Your Lips
Step 16: Apply Lip Gloss
Content: Step 14: Apply Liquid Lipstick
Next, I used Glamour Garden Liquid Lipstick in the color “Fashioniser”. In order to keep it light, I applied a bit first just by tapping the color on the lips with the wand. Next, I rubbed it in with my finger. Finally, I defined my lips using the special tip on the liquid lipstick. Step 15: Line Your Lips
To match the look in the photo that I was going for, I lined my lip with Charlotte Tilbury’s Lip Cheat in the color Iconic Nude. Step 16: Apply Lip Gloss
Finally, to finish the look and match the photo I was going for, I completed the look using Anastasia Lip Gloss in the color Pearl. And there you have it! | https://vivaglammagazine.com/how-to-create-a-natural-glam-makeup-look/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_258654013#9_551550017 | Title: 15 active listening techniques for effective communication
Headings: 15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques – Shorten Your Road To Be A Good Listener
I. Blocks To Effective Listening
II. Listening Differences Between Women And Men
III. 15 Active Listening Techniques
1. Use Verbal And Non-Verbal Communication Efficiently
2. Restating
3. Summarizing
4. Reflecting
5. Sending Feedback
6. Validation
7. Effective Pause
8. Silence
9. Listen Now, Report Later
10. Learn To Want To Listen
11. Be Present
12. Be Respectful
13. Control The Emotional “Hot Buttons”
14. Control Distractions
15. Keep Relaxed
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Content: Use Verbal And Non-Verbal Communication Efficiently
We might recognize that if we are engaging in listening, we hardly also be speaking. Nevertheless, in fact, we usually become simultaneously a receiver and a sender. Therefore, it is essential to make verbal communication even when we are deeply involved in listening. Here are a few tips that can help you take advantage of your verbal communication to listen well: Invite additional comments. By this way, you can encourage the speakers to add more details or share their ideas and information. For instance, you can say “go on”, or “what else?”, or “does anything else happens?” Ask questions. Do this to request more in-depth and meaningful information or clarification. | https://vkool.com/15-must-know-active-listening-techniques/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_258654013#10_551551780 | Title: 15 active listening techniques for effective communication
Headings: 15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques – Shorten Your Road To Be A Good Listener
I. Blocks To Effective Listening
II. Listening Differences Between Women And Men
III. 15 Active Listening Techniques
1. Use Verbal And Non-Verbal Communication Efficiently
2. Restating
3. Summarizing
4. Reflecting
5. Sending Feedback
6. Validation
7. Effective Pause
8. Silence
9. Listen Now, Report Later
10. Learn To Want To Listen
11. Be Present
12. Be Respectful
13. Control The Emotional “Hot Buttons”
14. Control Distractions
15. Keep Relaxed
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Content: By this way, you can encourage the speakers to add more details or share their ideas and information. For instance, you can say “go on”, or “what else?”, or “does anything else happens?” Ask questions. Do this to request more in-depth and meaningful information or clarification. For instance, what do you think would happen if you…?” Clarify involves asking questions of the speakers to make sure that the correct messages have been gotten. Clarification often involves open questions that enable the speakers to expand on some points as necessary. Vary your verbal responses and supply clear responses to stimulate the speaker to talk and help you get more information. Provide affirmative and affirming statements. | https://vkool.com/15-must-know-active-listening-techniques/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_258654013#11_551553544 | Title: 15 active listening techniques for effective communication
Headings: 15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques – Shorten Your Road To Be A Good Listener
I. Blocks To Effective Listening
II. Listening Differences Between Women And Men
III. 15 Active Listening Techniques
1. Use Verbal And Non-Verbal Communication Efficiently
2. Restating
3. Summarizing
4. Reflecting
5. Sending Feedback
6. Validation
7. Effective Pause
8. Silence
9. Listen Now, Report Later
10. Learn To Want To Listen
11. Be Present
12. Be Respectful
13. Control The Emotional “Hot Buttons”
14. Control Distractions
15. Keep Relaxed
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Content: For instance, what do you think would happen if you…?” Clarify involves asking questions of the speakers to make sure that the correct messages have been gotten. Clarification often involves open questions that enable the speakers to expand on some points as necessary. Vary your verbal responses and supply clear responses to stimulate the speaker to talk and help you get more information. Provide affirmative and affirming statements. Illustrate bodily responsiveness. Maintain relaxed, comfortable but alert posture. Use responsive, positive facial expressions, head movements. While the speaker is speaking, lean forward and maintain direct eye contact. To improve your communication skills, you can refer the guide of professional communicating tips. | https://vkool.com/15-must-know-active-listening-techniques/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_258654013#14_551558780 | Title: 15 active listening techniques for effective communication
Headings: 15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques For Effective Communication
15 Active Listening Techniques – Shorten Your Road To Be A Good Listener
I. Blocks To Effective Listening
II. Listening Differences Between Women And Men
III. 15 Active Listening Techniques
1. Use Verbal And Non-Verbal Communication Efficiently
2. Restating
3. Summarizing
4. Reflecting
5. Sending Feedback
6. Validation
7. Effective Pause
8. Silence
9. Listen Now, Report Later
10. Learn To Want To Listen
11. Be Present
12. Be Respectful
13. Control The Emotional “Hot Buttons”
14. Control Distractions
15. Keep Relaxed
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Content: Summarizing
Gather both the pieces and the facts of the problems to check your understanding. For instance, you can say “Is that it?” 4. Reflecting
Apart from repeating the other person’s words, you can reflect their words in terms of your feelings such as “it sounds actually important to you…”
5. Sending Feedback
One of fundamental active listening techniques is giving feedback, you will let the speakers know what your initial thoughts are. Just share proper information, insights, and experiences. 6. Validation
Try to acknowledge the others’ problems, feelings, and issues. You should listen with an open-mind and empathy, and answer in interested ways. 7. | https://vkool.com/15-must-know-active-listening-techniques/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_259295038#8_553331498 | Title: Causes Of Depression & Anxiety In Teens/ Among College Students
Headings: Causes Of Depression & Anxiety In Teens/ Among College Students
Causes Of Depression & Anxiety In Teens/ Among College Students
Causes Of Depression And Anxiety In Teens Or Among College Students
1. Definition Of College Depression
2. Forms Of Depression
3. Sudden And Dramatic Changes
4. Intense Pressure
5. Increased Accessibility To College
6. Shifting Gender Ratios
7. Lack Of Efficiency In Handling Mental Health Issues
8. Increased Responsibility
9. Addiction As Well As Substance Abuse
10. Downward Spiral
11. Get Help/Treatments
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Content: 4. Intense Pressure
Financial stress has been known as a great barrier to college students, even much greater than it used to be in the past. However, there are many opinions pointing out that the pressure to succeed is even worse. When they are still in high school, there has already been horrible grade inflation. Plus the overprotection from their parents, it is understandable that students gradually grow the expectation that straight and be easy to achieve in college. However, it is difficult to get good grades in college. Therefore, students may have failure to meet their own expectations. Moreover, they will have to struggle to compete with their peers and this leads to enormous stress among college students. 5. Increased Accessibility To College
In the past, it was hard to get to college since only a selected group of students was qualified. | https://vkool.com/causes-of-depression/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_260725633#6_557549207 | Title: How to be kind to others and yourself - 13 easy tips
Headings: How to be kind to others and yourself – 13 easy tips
How to be kind to others and yourself – 13 easy tips
How To Be Kind – 13 Simple But Practical Tips
1. Care For Other People Genuinely
2. Learn To Be Kind To Yourself
3. Learn Kindness From Other People
4. Cultivate Kindness For Your Health
5. Make A Habit Of Concentrating On Kindness
6. Being Kind To All, No Exception
7. Avoid Judgment
8. Avoid Expecting Perfection
9. Call A Friend Rather Than Sending A Text
10. Learn To Be A Good Listener
11. Practice Not Complaining For One Week
12. Show Your Affection
13. Share
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Content: Whilst kindness is about giving as well as being open to other people, giving kindness will return a sense of connectedness and well-being to people that improve overall health and mental state. The ability of being kind in itself is a consistent and powerful reward – which is considered as a self-esteem booster. 5. Make A Habit Of Concentrating On Kindness
To know how to be kind, you had better make being kind a habit of your personal life. In reality, it is said that kindness is a habit which should be cultivated daily. Thus, people should focus on practicing kindness daily and monthly. If you do so, you will finally realize dramatic changes in your life, you will feel better about yourself and you will find that people will react to you in different ways which are more positive. Therefore, in order to make being kind become your habit, you should do one kind thing for someone each day. Make a decision at the early of the day about what kind should be acted and spend time doing it during the day. Be friendly, kind and compassionate when interacting with someone. | https://vkool.com/how-to-be-kind/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_268317032#7_576446067 | Title: Estonia in the European Union | Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Headings: Estonia in the European Union
Estonia in the European Union
Economic and Monetary Union
European UnionEnergy Security
Trade and Development Policies
European Union Climate Policies
Baltic Sea Strategy
Enlargement
European Neighbourhood Policy
Internal and justice matters
Migration
Fight against terrorism
The European Union's institutions
The following institutions have also an important role:
Estonia's Presidency of the EU Council in 2017
Content: security of infrastructure; stability and diversity of suppliers; diversity of energy sources. Energy security is being discussed in various international organisations and forums, of which the most important for Estonia is the common European Union Energy Policy. Establishment of the EU Energy Union is a part of the Strategic Agenda for the Union that was agreed by the European Council in June 2014. The goal of the Energy Union is to update the EU energy policy by integrating the goals of climate policy and energy diplomacy. Energy Union concentrates on the enhancement of the European Union's security of supply, competitive internal energy market, energy efficiency, decarbonisation of energy sources, as well as research, development and innovation. Diversification of energy sources and suppliers and reducing dependency on Russian natural gas have assumed a prominent place in the EU’s energy policy. One essential factor for the enhancement of the EU’s security of supply is the Southern Corridor that should bring to the European Union gas supplies from the Caspian Region. In order to enhance the energy security and develop a functioning internal market it is necessary to establish additional energy connections. | https://vm.ee/en/estonia-european-union |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_270959898#6_582482369 | Title: Are Prisons Effective? | Criminal
Headings: Are Prisons Effective?
Are Prisons Effective?
Content: It seems that the way prisons are run is not really much of a help, as prisoners are not deterred and re-offend to a high degree. Statistics suggest inmates often reoffend within the first three months. Conceivably, criminals reoffend because of whom they are surrounded with in prison. When criminals are put in prison, we expect them to learn their lesson and not reoffend. Research and evidence indicate that those who are surrounded by violence, even in prison, are more likely to duplicate what they see, which then leads to increased violence. The Mirror newspaper has stated that prison violence has increased by ten percent in 2015, compared to the year before with a massive 14,262 offenses in 2014. Attacks on prison staff have soared by 36 percent. For example, a female officer was brutally attacked by an inmate, which led to severe injuries to the officer. In a recent inspection at Glen Parva prison near Leicester, it was branded as “unsafe” due to the incidents that had occurred between inmates and staff. Undoubtedly, it seems that prison is potentially more dangerous for those who are there for a "petite" crime, such as theft. | https://vocal.media/criminal/are-prisons-effective |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_270959898#7_582483806 | Title: Are Prisons Effective? | Criminal
Headings: Are Prisons Effective?
Are Prisons Effective?
Content: The Mirror newspaper has stated that prison violence has increased by ten percent in 2015, compared to the year before with a massive 14,262 offenses in 2014. Attacks on prison staff have soared by 36 percent. For example, a female officer was brutally attacked by an inmate, which led to severe injuries to the officer. In a recent inspection at Glen Parva prison near Leicester, it was branded as “unsafe” due to the incidents that had occurred between inmates and staff. Undoubtedly, it seems that prison is potentially more dangerous for those who are there for a "petite" crime, such as theft. When they are sentenced for a month or so, they could learn enough to commit another horrific and more violent crime than before, which just seems outrageous. Therefore, prisons could be viewed as an "initiation rile." Prison violence is not only unsafe for staff, but also for other inmates who are forced to share a confined space with inmates who are a hundred times more dangerous than themselves. This makes prison an unsuitable setting as the risk of violence is a serious issue. As prison violence surges and becomes destructive for the vulnerable prisoners, it also carries another risk with it. | https://vocal.media/criminal/are-prisons-effective |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_270959898#8_582485299 | Title: Are Prisons Effective? | Criminal
Headings: Are Prisons Effective?
Are Prisons Effective?
Content: When they are sentenced for a month or so, they could learn enough to commit another horrific and more violent crime than before, which just seems outrageous. Therefore, prisons could be viewed as an "initiation rile." Prison violence is not only unsafe for staff, but also for other inmates who are forced to share a confined space with inmates who are a hundred times more dangerous than themselves. This makes prison an unsuitable setting as the risk of violence is a serious issue. As prison violence surges and becomes destructive for the vulnerable prisoners, it also carries another risk with it. Picture this: a family member is waiting for their loved one to be released from prison when they get the tragic news that the person has committed suicide. The Guardian newspaper stated that four people took their lives in Elmley, Kent in 2015 which had only 1,231 inmates. It has been shown that one in ten inmates have, distressingly, self-harmed in 2015 across Britain. Undoubtedly, the care and attention these prisoners need is lacking. | https://vocal.media/criminal/are-prisons-effective |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_270968110#0_582494572 | Title: Best True Crime YouTube Channels | Criminal
Headings: Best True Crime YouTube Channels
Best True Crime YouTube Channels
Photo by Metrónomo
Rob Gavagan
Tiffany Renee
True Crime Daily
Criminally Listed
Kendall Rae
BuzzFeed Multiplayer
Vintage Files
Unsolved Mysteries
LordanARTS
A Life's Lesson in A Little Black Book
Leave it to the Amateurs
Reason First: Did Vybz Kartel Snitch?
Creepy Neighbor
Domestic Violence
Reason First: Man Kicks NYPD Officer Off of Train Platform, Sends Wrong Message About NYC
Content: Best True Crime YouTube Channels | Criminal
Best True Crime YouTube Channels
by Nicola P. Young 3 years ago in product review
You surely know about the most popular true crime documentaries and podcasts—but did you know there are also many true crime YouTube channels? Photo by Metrónomo
Popular interest in true crime has risen exponentially over the last few years. Between intriguing documentaries like Making a Murderer, and incredible investigative podcasts like Serial, it's no surprise that the genre is one of today's most talked about topics. A result of this popularity is that there are ever more ways to absorb engaging true crime content: documentaries and podcasts, like those I just mentioned, books of course, TV shows, and yes—there are even true crime YouTube channels. Cayleigh Elise not only provides quality true crime content, she also provides it regularly. The YouTuber posts a video once a week, with a range of generally spooky content, including unsolved mysteries, creepy encounters, and more. Some of the cases she discusses are still unsolved, others are—at least putatively—solved, but all are frightening, gruesome, and intriguing. Each video generally runs about 15-20 minutes, though it's not uncommon for some to run a little bit longer. Another reason that Elise's channel is one of best true crime YouTube channels to follow is that she provides a little bit of variety in her posts, occasionally making unique videos, like the ones in which she reads creepy encounters sent in by subscribers. | https://vocal.media/criminal/best-true-crime-youtube-channels |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273218089#11_587874991 | Title: 'The Handmaid's Tale': Meaning Behind the Colors the Women Wear | Geeks
Headings: 'The Handmaid's Tale': Meaning Behind the Colors the Women Wear
'The Handmaid's Tale': Meaning Behind the Colors the Women Wear
The Handmaids Wear Deep Red
The Wives Wear Teal
The Marthas Wear Dull Green
The Aunts Wear Brown
Other Colors
Are There More Colors to Come?
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: Other Colors
Econowives are women married to men of lower rank. They are expected to perform all the duties of a wife, such as satisfying their husbands, giving him companionship, and bearing his children. Their dress is multicolored red, blue, and green to represent their various roles. Both men and women in the colonies wear grey that symbolizes their insignificance and lack of importance. Unwomen in the polluted Colonies are sterile women, single women, widows, feminists, lesbians, nuns, Jezebels past their prime, and other socially-unaccepted women. Also, handmaids who do not bear a child during their three two-year assignments are also banished to work in the Colonies. Serena Joy’s mother, a widow, wears a color that looks like it is close to black, but it is a deep purple like the Purple Heart awarded to soldiers who have been wounded in battle. Are There More Colors to Come? According to the costume designers, do not be surprised if you see women wearing more colors in their roles. While they aren't allowed to speak for themselves, the color of their clothing will say something loud and clear in upcoming episodes. | https://vocal.media/geeks/the-handmaid-s-tale-meaning-behind-the-colors-the-women-wear |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273352225#0_588262931 | Title: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
Headings: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
TV Shows in the 1990s
Movies in the 90s
Snacks in the 90s
Games in the 90s
Toys in the 90s
Fashion in the 90s
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? by Geeks Staff 5 years ago in list / pop culture
A decade known for frosted tips and boy bands, it's hard to choose what was most popular in the 1990s. The 1990s were a simpler time, when frosted hair tips were all the rage and boy bands ruled the music charts. It was a time when kids constantly quoted Nickelodeon cartoons and adults copied Rachel Green’s hairstyle and Carrie Bradshaw’s drink order. The era yielded some truly iconic musicians, movies, TV shows, games, toys, snacks, and fashion trends. To fuel your 90s nostalgia, here are some of the most popular fads that defined the decade. TV Shows in the 1990s
There were a few TV shows that dominated the 1990s. At the onset of the decade, Cheers was one of the most popular shows on TV, with millions tuning in every week to watch the latest antics at the Cheers bar. In the mid-90s, a new sitcom became the most-talked about show on the airwaves; | https://vocal.media/geeks/what-was-most-popular-in-the-1990s |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273352225#1_588264544 | Title: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
Headings: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
TV Shows in the 1990s
Movies in the 90s
Snacks in the 90s
Games in the 90s
Toys in the 90s
Fashion in the 90s
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: The era yielded some truly iconic musicians, movies, TV shows, games, toys, snacks, and fashion trends. To fuel your 90s nostalgia, here are some of the most popular fads that defined the decade. TV Shows in the 1990s
There were a few TV shows that dominated the 1990s. At the onset of the decade, Cheers was one of the most popular shows on TV, with millions tuning in every week to watch the latest antics at the Cheers bar. In the mid-90s, a new sitcom became the most-talked about show on the airwaves; Friends absolutely dominated pop culture, becoming a phenomenon so pervasive that even today, 90s babies still regularly watch reruns, reference the six titular characters by first name only and pepper conversations with their favorite quotes. While Friends is perhaps the most enduring, the 90s bore plenty of different sitcoms, soap operas and dramas that catered to various age groups. From Home Improvement to Sex and the City, there was something for everyone to watch. Movies in the 90s
From the supernatural romance in Ghost to the shaky cam thrills of The Blair Witch Project, there were many movies that defined the decade. If you were a kid in the 90s you probably spent your time watching and rewatching all of the Disney renaissance movies, classics like Aladdin,Beauty and the Beast, The Lion King. | https://vocal.media/geeks/what-was-most-popular-in-the-1990s |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273352225#2_588266478 | Title: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
Headings: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
TV Shows in the 1990s
Movies in the 90s
Snacks in the 90s
Games in the 90s
Toys in the 90s
Fashion in the 90s
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: Friends absolutely dominated pop culture, becoming a phenomenon so pervasive that even today, 90s babies still regularly watch reruns, reference the six titular characters by first name only and pepper conversations with their favorite quotes. While Friends is perhaps the most enduring, the 90s bore plenty of different sitcoms, soap operas and dramas that catered to various age groups. From Home Improvement to Sex and the City, there was something for everyone to watch. Movies in the 90s
From the supernatural romance in Ghost to the shaky cam thrills of The Blair Witch Project, there were many movies that defined the decade. If you were a kid in the 90s you probably spent your time watching and rewatching all of the Disney renaissance movies, classics like Aladdin,Beauty and the Beast, The Lion King. Even adults were enchanted by this new class of animated stories. There were also big blockbusters that filled the theater seats: a heartbreaking love story on a sinking ship, a disastrous theme park filled with dinosaurs, a war movie about saving a soldier caught behind enemy lines and many more. Snacks in the 90s
If you were a 90s kid, there’s a good chance that a pack of Dunkaroos was your lunchbox staple. You were probably stoked when mom packed you a Lunchables. | https://vocal.media/geeks/what-was-most-popular-in-the-1990s |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273352225#3_588268382 | Title: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
Headings: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
TV Shows in the 1990s
Movies in the 90s
Snacks in the 90s
Games in the 90s
Toys in the 90s
Fashion in the 90s
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: Even adults were enchanted by this new class of animated stories. There were also big blockbusters that filled the theater seats: a heartbreaking love story on a sinking ship, a disastrous theme park filled with dinosaurs, a war movie about saving a soldier caught behind enemy lines and many more. Snacks in the 90s
If you were a 90s kid, there’s a good chance that a pack of Dunkaroos was your lunchbox staple. You were probably stoked when mom packed you a Lunchables. And to wash it all down, nothing was better than a pouch of Capri-Sun or a box of Hi-C Fruit Punch. Games in the 90s
In the late 90s, GameBoy Color was the most exciting thing around, with tons of games coming out to compliment this new gaming system. Kids spent hours playing The Legend of Zelda and all of the new Super Mario games. There were also plenty of board games that every 90s kid loved playing. Everyone had fun bopping and twisting their Bop-It, feeding Hungry Hungry Hippos, and devising elaborate traps in Mouse Trap. | https://vocal.media/geeks/what-was-most-popular-in-the-1990s |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273352225#4_588270008 | Title: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
Headings: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
TV Shows in the 1990s
Movies in the 90s
Snacks in the 90s
Games in the 90s
Toys in the 90s
Fashion in the 90s
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: And to wash it all down, nothing was better than a pouch of Capri-Sun or a box of Hi-C Fruit Punch. Games in the 90s
In the late 90s, GameBoy Color was the most exciting thing around, with tons of games coming out to compliment this new gaming system. Kids spent hours playing The Legend of Zelda and all of the new Super Mario games. There were also plenty of board games that every 90s kid loved playing. Everyone had fun bopping and twisting their Bop-It, feeding Hungry Hungry Hippos, and devising elaborate traps in Mouse Trap. At the end of the 90s, Pokémon was the coolest thing around. Kids loved playing Pokémon games on their GameBoy Color, and every kid had a deck of Pokémon cards they used to battle with their friends at recess. Toys in the 90s
Growing up in the 90s, there were a few staple toys that could be found in every kid's room. Everyone had their own personal Tamagotchi that they carried with them everywhere they went. For girls, Polly Pocket was the hottest toy around–everyone loved customizing their own little doll. | https://vocal.media/geeks/what-was-most-popular-in-the-1990s |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273352225#5_588271690 | Title: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
Headings: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
TV Shows in the 1990s
Movies in the 90s
Snacks in the 90s
Games in the 90s
Toys in the 90s
Fashion in the 90s
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: At the end of the 90s, Pokémon was the coolest thing around. Kids loved playing Pokémon games on their GameBoy Color, and every kid had a deck of Pokémon cards they used to battle with their friends at recess. Toys in the 90s
Growing up in the 90s, there were a few staple toys that could be found in every kid's room. Everyone had their own personal Tamagotchi that they carried with them everywhere they went. For girls, Polly Pocket was the hottest toy around–everyone loved customizing their own little doll. For boys, a Super Soaker or a Nerf gun was a prized possession. And of course, you can’t forget the mania over Furby. Fashion in the 90s
In the early 1990s, many 80s fashion trends were still popular, like overalls and shirts with bold geometric prints. It took a few years before the decade’s own trends began to emerge. In the early-to-mid 90s, flannel and Doc Martens were the height of cool—the grungier, the better. | https://vocal.media/geeks/what-was-most-popular-in-the-1990s |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_273352225#6_588273275 | Title: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s? | Geeks
Headings: What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
What Was Most Popular in the 1990s?
TV Shows in the 1990s
Movies in the 90s
Snacks in the 90s
Games in the 90s
Toys in the 90s
Fashion in the 90s
Hottest Video Game Girls
Jessica Nigri Cosplay Queen
Political Walk of Shame
History of Movie Publicity Stunts
Movie Review: 'Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri'
Content: For boys, a Super Soaker or a Nerf gun was a prized possession. And of course, you can’t forget the mania over Furby. Fashion in the 90s
In the early 1990s, many 80s fashion trends were still popular, like overalls and shirts with bold geometric prints. It took a few years before the decade’s own trends began to emerge. In the early-to-mid 90s, flannel and Doc Martens were the height of cool—the grungier, the better. During this time, muted colors and black clothing completed the look. But by the end of the 90s, the grunge trend had faded away, and replaced with more casual style. Women often chose to wear casual suits at work, and baseball caps became the go-to accessory for everyday wear. The end of the 90s also saw a resurgence in 70s styles, with metallic clothing, crop tops and maxi skirts flying off the shelves. As the 90s ended, brightly colored clothing also became popular again. | https://vocal.media/geeks/what-was-most-popular-in-the-1990s |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_274671383#12_591734373 | Title: 10 Side Effects of Being High | Potent
Headings: 10 Side Effects of Being High
10 Side Effects of Being High
Elevated Heart Rate
Withdrawal Symptoms
Cotton Mouth and Dehydration
Paranoia
Short Term Memory Loss
Drowsiness
Mild Visual and Auditory Hallucinations
The Munchies
Reduced Nausea/Other Gastric Symptoms
Increased Phlegm
Content: Mild Visual and Auditory Hallucinations
Tying into the paranoia that can often result from smoking with little experience and/or to excess, some people who have smoked weed have experienced the funky side effects of getting stoned by hallucinating. While these hallucinations are rarely major, they can be jarring to some people. Usually, the hallucinations manifest in moments of fear or stress, especially when smoking outdoors at night. These hallucinations can be completely imagined, but are also often the result of the mind misinterpreting a perfectly natural sight or sound. When smoking in the woods at night, one member of a group may believe they see a shape moving across the light between the trees. Whether a trick of the light or a wild animal passing through, the sight or sound will usually amount to nothing, as hard as this may be to sell to a bunch of stoned people in the dark. The Munchies
The munchies are one side effect of marijuana that has, more or less, penetrated public consciousness across the board. It is well known, and often stereotyped, that cannabis often causes one to develop a ravenous appetite. While this isn't the most dangerous or incapacitating of side effects, it can often catch up with you if you don't exercise a degree of self control. Especially when taking place mostly at night, the munchies can cause you to eat large amounts of food with questionable nutrition and slowly gain weight. | https://vocal.media/potent/10-side-effects-of-being-high |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_274671383#13_591736349 | Title: 10 Side Effects of Being High | Potent
Headings: 10 Side Effects of Being High
10 Side Effects of Being High
Elevated Heart Rate
Withdrawal Symptoms
Cotton Mouth and Dehydration
Paranoia
Short Term Memory Loss
Drowsiness
Mild Visual and Auditory Hallucinations
The Munchies
Reduced Nausea/Other Gastric Symptoms
Increased Phlegm
Content: Whether a trick of the light or a wild animal passing through, the sight or sound will usually amount to nothing, as hard as this may be to sell to a bunch of stoned people in the dark. The Munchies
The munchies are one side effect of marijuana that has, more or less, penetrated public consciousness across the board. It is well known, and often stereotyped, that cannabis often causes one to develop a ravenous appetite. While this isn't the most dangerous or incapacitating of side effects, it can often catch up with you if you don't exercise a degree of self control. Especially when taking place mostly at night, the munchies can cause you to eat large amounts of food with questionable nutrition and slowly gain weight. This is because the body does not digest food as efficiently by the end of the day. When smoking weed regularly, it is best to limit the amount of unhealthy snack food you keep in your house at a time if you don't want to risk gaining weight. Reduced Nausea/Other Gastric Symptoms
In addition to increasing appetite, cannabis can also settle the stomach and other parts of the digestive system. Though many other substances like stimulants and alcohol tend to cause digestive discomfort and problems, cannabis has a uniquely opposite effect for many marijuana users. Though seen as controversial by many medical officials, many people claim to have found relief from gut pains and exceptionally unpleasant and unhealthy trips to the restroom. | https://vocal.media/potent/10-side-effects-of-being-high |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_275465526#0_593897923 | Title: 1968: The Height of the Vietnam War | Serve
Headings: 1968: The Height of the Vietnam War
1968: The Height of the Vietnam War
Content: 1968: The Height of the Vietnam War | Serve
1968: The Height of the Vietnam War
by Shandi Pace 3 years ago in history
The endless war that reached its peak with Lyndon B. Johnson in power and ended with Richard Nixon would lead to countless protests and dissatisfaction with the government. It’s pretty much impossible to talk about 1968 without mentioning the Vietnam War. An issue that plagued Lyndon Johnson’s presidency, the Vietnam War, reached its peak at the start of the year. It’s difficult to explain how we got here without knowing the history behind this disastrous war most Americans would rather forget. Dwight D. Eisenhower was the first president to dip his toe into Vietnamese water by assisting the fixing of elections. The United States had shown its support towards the new South Vietnamese president Ngô Đình Diệm and his “Denounce the Communists” campaign, in which any communists and anti-government supporters were arrested, imprisoned, tortured or executed. He also instituted the death penalty against any active communists in August of 1956. President John F. Kennedy was the one who heightened the United States’ presence in Vietnam, from just under a thousand soldiers to 16,000 in 1963. | https://vocal.media/serve/1968-the-height-of-the-vietnam-war |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_275465526#7_593909292 | Title: 1968: The Height of the Vietnam War | Serve
Headings: 1968: The Height of the Vietnam War
1968: The Height of the Vietnam War
Content: Nearly 150 U.S. Marines were killed during the Battle of Hue along with 400 South Vietnamese soldiers. An estimated 5,000 North Vietnamese soldiers were killed, most of them due to American air and artillery strikes. On March 31, President Johnson finally declared he would limit the bombing in North Vietnam and called for negotiations to end the war. He also ended the broadcast with the announcement that he would not be running for re-election as President of the United States that November. Despite the Vietnam War carrying on past 1968 and into the 1970s, the beginning of the end started in 1968. Multiple attacks that occurred during the start of 1968 set the tone for the entire year that followed. The endless war that reached its peak with Lyndon B. Johnson in power and ended with Richard Nixon would lead to countless protests and dissatisfaction with the government. Watch the second part of a six-part series about 1968 here: 1968: The Height of the Vietnam War
history | https://vocal.media/serve/1968-the-height-of-the-vietnam-war |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_275595759#16_594287066 | Title: Most Important Wars in Human History | Serve
Headings: Most Important Wars in Human History
Most Important Wars in Human History
The Trojan Wars
The Mongol Conquests
The Crusades
The Napoleonic Wars
The American Revolution
Qin's Wars of Unification
The Russian Revolution
The Spanish Conquest of the Aztec Empire
World War I
World War II
The Longest Wars in Human History
Mike Smith Is Dead—Pt. 2
Celebrities that Served in WWII
Politically Incorrect Vietnam War Slang Terms
'Da 5 Bloods' Review—Engaging and Timely
The Best Generals of All Time
Content: We're talking about what made these some of the most significant wars in human history. There are two main things that make these events so significant: the diseases and the cultural impact. Over 24 million people died due to exposure to smallpox and other diseases, brought by the Spanish conquerors. This was the first time natives had seen European disease, and as you can imagine, it was pretty gruesome. This meant that the Americas were no longer safe from certain illnesses—and that's huge from a biological perspective. Then, there's the cultural impact. Today, Latin Americans are known for being Spanish-speaking, Catholic, and for loving sangria. Guess where they picked that up from? The conquering also caused Spain to become the wealthiest state in Europe, and caused Spain to have the largest amount of gold. | https://vocal.media/serve/most-important-wars-in-human-history |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_275735223#13_594617557 | Title: Why Joining the Military May Not Be Worth It Anymore | Serve
Headings: Why Joining the Military May Not Be Worth It Anymore
Why Joining the Military May Not Be Worth It Anymore
Health benefits are not as good as they used to be.
Many veterans also don't get the same level of respect they once did.
The government has betrayed the military's trust before in pretty gruesome ways.
The pay might also not be as good as you'd think it'd be.
Overall, joining the military isn't as good an option as it used to be — but that doesn't mean you shouldn't consider it.
The Longest Wars in Human History
Mike Smith Is Dead—Pt. 2
Celebrities that Served in WWII
Politically Incorrect Vietnam War Slang Terms
'Da 5 Bloods' Review—Engaging and Timely
The Best Generals of All Time
Content: You also won't get meal pay, because the military requires most low ranking recruits to eat the MRE's you're given. However, a four-star general will make over $17,000 per month. Most people don't become four-star generals, though. Many don't get much higher in the ranks than sergeant, which pays a salary of $28,000 or so. Therefore, money shouldn't be a reason for joining the military. Overall, joining the military isn't as good an option as it used to be — but that doesn't mean you shouldn't consider it. There are many, many reasons why joining the military is not a good idea. However, the truth is that many people find the military to be one of the best decisions that they have ever made for themselves. The pay for military people might not always be as much as they deserve, but it's still decent compared to many retail jobs. You also get free (albeit poor) healthcare, great family benefits, a community, as well as an opportunity to help save peoples' lives. | https://vocal.media/serve/why-joining-the-military-may-not-be-worth-it-anymore |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_284755357#0_613964235 | Title: Top 7 Volleyball Movies and Games | VolleyCountry
Headings: Top 7 Volleyball Movies and Games
Top 7 Volleyball Movies and Games
Top Gun
Side Out
Meet the Parents
Impact Point
Iron Ladies
Bikini Party Slot
Beach Volleyball Slot
Content: Top 7 Volleyball Movies and Games | VolleyCountry
Top 7 Volleyball Movies and Games
by Jiri Popelka | Jul 18, 2017
There are many great movies and games packed full of exciting volleyball references. Discover 7 of the very best volleyball-themed films and games right here, then get watching, or start playing! If you’re a true volleyball lover, you will already know that this popular sport has appeared in many blockbuster movies and even games. Sports are always a trendy topic for pop culture, and there are many famous movies and games that have volleyball centre stage, or even just feature an unforgettable scene with the sport as its inspiration. Are you keen on discovering which films and games contain cameos of your favourite ball game? Check out this top 7 list for all the most popular volleyball-themed titles: Top Gun
This infamous romantic military action drama film, directed by Tony Scott, has gone down in history for being packed full of action, good-looking fighter pilots, and of course, Tom Cruise. However, sports fans will equally love its fun-filled beach volleyball scene, which plays out in slow motion to add to the action. This film also boasts over-the-top humour that has been soliciting laughs since 1986, so for any volleyball or comedy fan, it’s a must see! Side Out
A law student visits sunny California for the summer and ends up playing professional volleyball in this sports-themed classic from the 90’s. | https://volleycountry.com/news/top-7-volleyball-movies-games |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_291475325#0_630451249 | Title: The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war | VOX, CEPR Policy Portal
Headings: The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war
The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war
Short-term macroeconomic effects of higher trade tariffs
The indirect channels amplifying the effects of a global trade war
The macroeconomic effects of a trade war in the light of long-term trade models
Conclusions
References
Endnotes
Content: The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war | VOX, CEPR Policy Portal
The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war
Antoine Berthou, Caroline Jardet, Daniele Siena, Urszula Szczerbowicz 08 February 2019
Escalating tensions between the US and its trading partners have made a global trade war more likely. In addition to the direct effect due to the increase in tariffs, a trade war may also affect GDP via indirect channels, such as a drop in productivity due to uncertainty and changes in the production environment. Using a multi-country model, this column shows that a global and generalised 10 percentage point increase in tariffs could reduce the level of global GDP by almost 2.0% on impact and up to 3.0% after two years, when all the additional indirect channels materialise. a
A
Since early 2018, the US administration has announced and implemented a series of protectionist measures targeting specific sectors (such as steel and aluminium) or countries (such as China). While these new tariffs initially targeted a limited number of products and a small proportion of US trade, the coverage in terms of goods was gradually increased as the trade conflict between the US and China intensified. Following China’s decision to retaliate against US tariffs, the White House announced additional tariffs in the summer of 2018 covering $200 billion of imports from China. 1 These additional measures were implemented in September 2018, but ultimately, all US imports from China could be potentially targeted by new tariffs. Protectionist measures could also be extended by the US administration to imports of automobiles and auto parts, raising the risk of a geographical spread of the trade war, as the most affected regions (e.g. the EU) could also retaliate. The global trading system is now under exceptional pressure. The current situation has been provocatively described as “the largest trade war in economic history” by China's Ministry of Commerce (Wall Street Journal 2018). | https://voxeu.org/article/macroeconomic-implications-global-trade-war |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_291475325#3_630458476 | Title: The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war | VOX, CEPR Policy Portal
Headings: The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war
The macroeconomic implications of a global trade war
Short-term macroeconomic effects of higher trade tariffs
The indirect channels amplifying the effects of a global trade war
The macroeconomic effects of a trade war in the light of long-term trade models
Conclusions
References
Endnotes
Content: In the short run, higher import tariffs cause an increase in the price of imported goods for both firms and households. In the context of a global trade war, the impact on global GDP depends on the substitutability between imported and domestic goods, on the response of exporting firms facing tariffs and on monetary policy reactions. According to our baseline simulation, global GDP would fall by 0.7% in the first year and up to 1.1% at the end of the third year following the introduction of tariffs. The impact on inflation is small as the direct inflationary impact of higher tariffs is mitigated by monetary policy responses and by the fall in aggregate demand (domestic and external) which puts downward pressure on prices. The global increase in inflation would be moderate and short-lived (0.1 percentage points globally after one year, 0.04 percentage points after three years). Our simulation enters in a broader policy debate evaluating the impact of the introduction of tariffs. Focusing on a bilateral trade war between the US and its trade partners, and using similar models, the ECB (2018) and IMF (2018) find, not surprisingly, a lower impact on global GDP. The indirect channels amplifying the effects of a global trade war
In addition to the effects due to the increase in tariffs, a trade war can also impact economies through different indirect channels. We consider three of them: Indirect effect 1: | https://voxeu.org/article/macroeconomic-implications-global-trade-war |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_309272436#1_665218738 | Title: Best Vitamins for Weight Loss: 5 Vitamins and Minerals to Lose Pounds
Headings: Top 5 Best Vitamins For Weight Loss
Top 5 Best Vitamins For Weight Loss
START HERE!
Take our FREE 1 Minute Quiz to find out EXACTLY what Diet & Training is Best for You.
Best Vitamins for Weight Loss: 5 Vitamins and Minerals that Will Help You Shed Some Pounds
1. B Vitamins
2. Vitamin C
3. Vitamin D
4. Calcium
START HERE!
Take our FREE 1 Minute Quiz to find out EXACTLY what Diet & Training is Best for You.
5. Magnesium
Combine your vitamins and minerals with a healthy diet by not overeating; V Shred shows you how:
START HERE!
Take our FREE 1 Minute Quiz to find out EXACTLY what Diet & Training is Best for You.
Content: Take The Quiz
Along with diet and exercise, taking certain vitamins may aid in your weight loss journey. In this article, we’ve compiled a list of five vitamins that provide healthy additions to your diet. We get it, embarking on a weight loss journey can be intimidating, which is why it’s important to give your body the foundation to capitalize your weight loss efforts. Check out our best vitamins for weight loss below. Best Vitamins for Weight Loss: 5 Vitamins and Minerals that Will Help You Shed Some Pounds
1. B Vitamins
B vitamins are water-soluble vitamins that convert the body’s food intake into energy. They aid in digesting fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Some sources of B vitamins are food items like fish, poultry, milk, eggs, bread, whole wheat cereals, fresh orange juice, and bananas. 2. | https://vshred.com/blog/best-vitamins-weight-loss/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_314171676#2_674323095 | Title:
Headings:
Content: The frame of reference further developed into a theory aimed at describing the link between the two fundamental constructs of occupational therapy, namely; occupation and adaptation. The distinction between the theory of occupational adaptation and other occupation focused frameworks is that occupational adaptation intervention focuses on improving adaptiveness, whereas others focus on improving functional skills. Some of the theory's concepts are similar to those of other models such as spatiotemporal adaptation, model of adaptation through occupation, Model of Human Occupation and the model of occupation. The theory of occupational adaptation is based on the following assumptions about occupational performance and human adaptation: Competence in occupation is a lifelong process of
adaptation to demands to perform
Demands to perform occur naturally as part of person-
occupational environment interactions
When demand for performance exceeds person's
ability to adapt, dysfunction occurs
Adaptive capacity can be overwhelmed by disability,
impairment and stress
The greater the level of dysfunction, the greater the
demand for change in adaptive process
Sufficient mastery and ability to adapt result in success
in occupational performance. The occupational adaptation process
The process describes the interaction between three elements of occupational adaptation; the person, the environment and their interaction. Each element is fluid and dynamic. Change in one element influences other elements. | https://vula.uct.ac.za/access/content/group/9c29ba04-b1ee-49b9-8c85-9a468b556ce2/Framework_2/lecture2.htm |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_314171676#12_674339254 | Title:
Headings:
Content: When a
person engages in hypermobile behaviours, there is a
rapid move from one solution to the other with little
success. Engaging in transitional behaviours enables the
person to blend both hyperstable and hypermobile
behaviours to arrive at a solution. This provides a
greater opportunity for a successful outcome. Adaptation Gestalt
This is the second stage of generating an adaptive response in which the person prepares his/her sensorimotor, cognitive and psychosocial systems to carry out the plan of action. The organization of the systems creates an adaptation gestalt. An internal adaptive response to an occupational challenge results from engaging both the adaptive response mechanism and the adaptation gestalt. The person's internal adaptive response can be assessed through observation and analysis of how the person approaches tasks, engages in problem-solving and the end result. Evaluation Subprocess
This subprocess is activated when the individual engages in as personal assessment of the quality of occupational response generated. The assessment is done by evaluating own experience of mastery, regarded as relative mastery because it is a personal assessment. Relative mastery uses, efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction to self and others as measures. | https://vula.uct.ac.za/access/content/group/9c29ba04-b1ee-49b9-8c85-9a468b556ce2/Framework_2/lecture2.htm |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_314171676#13_674340855 | Title:
Headings:
Content: An internal adaptive response to an occupational challenge results from engaging both the adaptive response mechanism and the adaptation gestalt. The person's internal adaptive response can be assessed through observation and analysis of how the person approaches tasks, engages in problem-solving and the end result. Evaluation Subprocess
This subprocess is activated when the individual engages in as personal assessment of the quality of occupational response generated. The assessment is done by evaluating own experience of mastery, regarded as relative mastery because it is a personal assessment. Relative mastery uses, efficiency, effectiveness, satisfaction to self and others as measures. There is little need for further adaptation if the person finds the occupational response assessment positive. However, if the overall assessment result is negative, the integration subprocess communicates the information to the person, to begin the process of adaptation. Function - Dysfunction continuum
The inability to generate an appropriate adaptive response as a result of personal factors or environmental factors could lead to dysfunction. Imbalance between the desire and demand for mastery could lead to inability to adapt to an occupational challenge, therefore dysfunction. Dysfunction also occurs when challenges exceed the person's capacity to adapt. | https://vula.uct.ac.za/access/content/group/9c29ba04-b1ee-49b9-8c85-9a468b556ce2/Framework_2/lecture2.htm |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_314171676#14_674342477 | Title:
Headings:
Content: There is little need for further adaptation if the person finds the occupational response assessment positive. However, if the overall assessment result is negative, the integration subprocess communicates the information to the person, to begin the process of adaptation. Function - Dysfunction continuum
The inability to generate an appropriate adaptive response as a result of personal factors or environmental factors could lead to dysfunction. Imbalance between the desire and demand for mastery could lead to inability to adapt to an occupational challenge, therefore dysfunction. Dysfunction also occurs when challenges exceed the person's capacity to adapt. The more adaptive the individual, the more functional. Implications for Practice
Main goal- client's ability to adapt is used to maximise effectiveness to adapt
Client is assisted in choosing occupational roles and these guide treatment
Using occupational readiness and occupational activity
OT focuses on clients ability to adapt by directing intervention towards the three subprocesses
Treatment needs to progress quickly to meaningful activities
Therapeutic use of occupation as a tool to promote adaptive capacity of clients
To improve adaptiveness, intervention is focused | https://vula.uct.ac.za/access/content/group/9c29ba04-b1ee-49b9-8c85-9a468b556ce2/Framework_2/lecture2.htm |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328209072#15_697332200 | Title: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
1. It Encourages Curiosity
Effective critical thinkers remain curious about a wide range of topics and generally have broad interests.
2. It Enhances Creativity
A desire to think critically about even the simplest of issues and tasks indicates a desire for constructive outcomes.
3. It Reinforces Problem-Solving Ability
4. It's a Multi-Faceted Practice
5. It Fosters Independence
Developing solid critical thinking skill prepares our students to face the complex problems that matter to the world head-on.
6. It's a Skill for Life, Not Just Learning
Critical Thinking Companion
$ 19.95
Enjoy dozens of challenging critical thinking activities and worksheets, a rubric for assessing critical thinking skills, and much more. read more
Content: Developing solid critical thinking skill prepares our students to face the complex problems that matter to the world head-on. After all, our students are inheriting such issues as: global warming
overpopulation
pollution
the need for health care
water shortages
electronic waste management
energy crises
As these challenges continue to change and grow as the world changes around them, the best minds needed to solve them will be those prepared to think creatively and divergently to produce innovative and lasting solutions. Critical thinking capacity does all that and more. 4. It's a Multi-Faceted Practice
Critical thinking is known for encompassing a wide array of disciplines, and cultivating a broad range of cognitive talents. One could indeed say that it’s a cross-curricular activity for the mind, and the mind must be exercised just like a muscle to stay healthy. Among many other things, critical thinking promotes the development of things like: Reasoning skills
Analytical thinking
Evaluative skills
Logical thinking
Organizational and planning skills
Language skills
Self-reflective capacity
Observational skills
Open-mindedness
Creative visualization techniques
Questioning ability
Decision making
This list could easily be expanded to include other skills, but this gives one an idea of just what is being developed and enhanced when we choose to think critically in our daily lives. 5. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/critical-thinking-benefits |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328209072#16_697334784 | Title: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
1. It Encourages Curiosity
Effective critical thinkers remain curious about a wide range of topics and generally have broad interests.
2. It Enhances Creativity
A desire to think critically about even the simplest of issues and tasks indicates a desire for constructive outcomes.
3. It Reinforces Problem-Solving Ability
4. It's a Multi-Faceted Practice
5. It Fosters Independence
Developing solid critical thinking skill prepares our students to face the complex problems that matter to the world head-on.
6. It's a Skill for Life, Not Just Learning
Critical Thinking Companion
$ 19.95
Enjoy dozens of challenging critical thinking activities and worksheets, a rubric for assessing critical thinking skills, and much more. read more
Content: It's a Multi-Faceted Practice
Critical thinking is known for encompassing a wide array of disciplines, and cultivating a broad range of cognitive talents. One could indeed say that it’s a cross-curricular activity for the mind, and the mind must be exercised just like a muscle to stay healthy. Among many other things, critical thinking promotes the development of things like: Reasoning skills
Analytical thinking
Evaluative skills
Logical thinking
Organizational and planning skills
Language skills
Self-reflective capacity
Observational skills
Open-mindedness
Creative visualization techniques
Questioning ability
Decision making
This list could easily be expanded to include other skills, but this gives one an idea of just what is being developed and enhanced when we choose to think critically in our daily lives. 5. It Fosters Independence
Getting our learners to begin thinking independently is one of the many goals of education. Wen students think for themselves, they learn to become independent of us as well. Our job as educators, in this sense, is to empower our students to the point at which we essentially become obsolete. This process is repeated year after year, student after student, and moment after moment as we cultivate independent thinking and responsibility for learning in those we teach. Independent thinking skills are at the forefront of learning how to be not only a great thinker but a great leader. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/critical-thinking-benefits |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328209072#17_697337392 | Title: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
1. It Encourages Curiosity
Effective critical thinkers remain curious about a wide range of topics and generally have broad interests.
2. It Enhances Creativity
A desire to think critically about even the simplest of issues and tasks indicates a desire for constructive outcomes.
3. It Reinforces Problem-Solving Ability
4. It's a Multi-Faceted Practice
5. It Fosters Independence
Developing solid critical thinking skill prepares our students to face the complex problems that matter to the world head-on.
6. It's a Skill for Life, Not Just Learning
Critical Thinking Companion
$ 19.95
Enjoy dozens of challenging critical thinking activities and worksheets, a rubric for assessing critical thinking skills, and much more. read more
Content: It Fosters Independence
Getting our learners to begin thinking independently is one of the many goals of education. Wen students think for themselves, they learn to become independent of us as well. Our job as educators, in this sense, is to empower our students to the point at which we essentially become obsolete. This process is repeated year after year, student after student, and moment after moment as we cultivate independent thinking and responsibility for learning in those we teach. Independent thinking skills are at the forefront of learning how to be not only a great thinker but a great leader. Such skills teach our learners how to make sense of the world based on personal experience and observation, and to make critical well-informed decisions in the same way. As such, they gain confidence and the ability to learn from mistakes as they build successful and productive lives. Developing solid critical thinking skill prepares our students to face the complex problems that matter to the world head-on. When we think critically, we think in a self-directed manner. Our thinking is disciplined and thus becomes a self-correcting mindset. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/critical-thinking-benefits |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328209072#18_697339704 | Title: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
6 Benefits of Critical Thinking and Why They Matter
1. It Encourages Curiosity
Effective critical thinkers remain curious about a wide range of topics and generally have broad interests.
2. It Enhances Creativity
A desire to think critically about even the simplest of issues and tasks indicates a desire for constructive outcomes.
3. It Reinforces Problem-Solving Ability
4. It's a Multi-Faceted Practice
5. It Fosters Independence
Developing solid critical thinking skill prepares our students to face the complex problems that matter to the world head-on.
6. It's a Skill for Life, Not Just Learning
Critical Thinking Companion
$ 19.95
Enjoy dozens of challenging critical thinking activities and worksheets, a rubric for assessing critical thinking skills, and much more. read more
Content: Such skills teach our learners how to make sense of the world based on personal experience and observation, and to make critical well-informed decisions in the same way. As such, they gain confidence and the ability to learn from mistakes as they build successful and productive lives. Developing solid critical thinking skill prepares our students to face the complex problems that matter to the world head-on. When we think critically, we think in a self-directed manner. Our thinking is disciplined and thus becomes a self-correcting mindset. It also means that such strong proactive thinking abilities become second nature as we continue to develop them through learning and experience. As we stated earlier, independent critical thinking skills are among the top skills educators strive to give to their students. That's because when we succeed at getting learners thinking independently, we've given them a gift for life. Once school is over they can then go into future enterprises and pursuits with confidence and pride. That, of course, leads us to our final point. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/critical-thinking-benefits |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328271848#1_697514917 | Title: Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day
Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day
The ability to turn over any piece of information and examine it objectively and honestly can help with making important decisions, some with far-reaching consequences.
The popular choice is not always the right choice
What is Critical Thinking?
The truth is even critical thinkers are vulnerable to periods of irrational thought.
Critical Thinking for Personal Growth and an Effective Workplace
The ability to change behavior through better understanding is one way critical thinking can be transformative in an individual’s life.
Engage in Reflection
It is possible to become more sensitive to other groups when practicing self-reflection regularly.
Improve Decision-Making
Confrontation is a perfect situation in which to apply critical thinking.
Forster Team-Building
Create Consensus
What is a priority for one department may not be so for another.
Historic Examples of Critical Thinking
Being able to think critically and apply reason to complex issues of the day provided the avenue for powerful contributions to the world.
Socrates
Machiavelli
Albert Einstein
Final Thoughts
Content: There comes a time when decisions must be made. It's far better to take multiple factors into account, balancing them with sound reasoning and reflection. The popular choice is not always the right choice
The ability to think critically is a mindset of influential scientists, philosophers, key political figures and other individuals hoping to make the world a better place. What is Critical Thinking? Critical thinkers employ good reasoning strategies to yield truths and choose effective actions. Even though the process has been developed over thousands of years, the term arose in the latter part of the 20th century. It includes the ability to conceptualize, analyze, apply, synthesize and evaluate information. Information may be found through experience, observation, reasoning, reflection and communication. Critical thinking guides both belief and action. Clarity, accuracy, consistency, fairness and sound evidence are some strongly-held values of critical thinkers. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/everyday-critical-thinking-examples |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328271848#4_697522628 | Title: Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day
Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day
The ability to turn over any piece of information and examine it objectively and honestly can help with making important decisions, some with far-reaching consequences.
The popular choice is not always the right choice
What is Critical Thinking?
The truth is even critical thinkers are vulnerable to periods of irrational thought.
Critical Thinking for Personal Growth and an Effective Workplace
The ability to change behavior through better understanding is one way critical thinking can be transformative in an individual’s life.
Engage in Reflection
It is possible to become more sensitive to other groups when practicing self-reflection regularly.
Improve Decision-Making
Confrontation is a perfect situation in which to apply critical thinking.
Forster Team-Building
Create Consensus
What is a priority for one department may not be so for another.
Historic Examples of Critical Thinking
Being able to think critically and apply reason to complex issues of the day provided the avenue for powerful contributions to the world.
Socrates
Machiavelli
Albert Einstein
Final Thoughts
Content: Critical Thinking for Personal Growth and an Effective Workplace
People can change. It is possible to see one’s shortcomings and make course corrections when willing. The majority of people have certain beliefs and misconceptions that may be altered by adopting more objective viewpoints. The ability to change behavior through better understanding is one way critical thinking can be transformative in an individual’s life. Being able to question and follow a line of inquiry to its logical conclusion, even when it is at odds with long-held beliefs, is a powerful tool in self-discovery. Engage in Reflection
Looking carefully at an issue such as racial inequality can shed new light on cultural biases. One can then learn to see a situation from a different perspective and get a better idea of how others would feel. This not only helps a person become tolerant of other views but can be of use when working with a group of people from diverse socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. It is possible to become more sensitive to other groups when practicing self-reflection regularly. This is not the only place where self-reflection makes a difference. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/everyday-critical-thinking-examples |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328271848#14_697550713 | Title: Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day
Now and Then: Critical Thinking Examples We Can Use Every Day
The ability to turn over any piece of information and examine it objectively and honestly can help with making important decisions, some with far-reaching consequences.
The popular choice is not always the right choice
What is Critical Thinking?
The truth is even critical thinkers are vulnerable to periods of irrational thought.
Critical Thinking for Personal Growth and an Effective Workplace
The ability to change behavior through better understanding is one way critical thinking can be transformative in an individual’s life.
Engage in Reflection
It is possible to become more sensitive to other groups when practicing self-reflection regularly.
Improve Decision-Making
Confrontation is a perfect situation in which to apply critical thinking.
Forster Team-Building
Create Consensus
What is a priority for one department may not be so for another.
Historic Examples of Critical Thinking
Being able to think critically and apply reason to complex issues of the day provided the avenue for powerful contributions to the world.
Socrates
Machiavelli
Albert Einstein
Final Thoughts
Content: A critical thinker is selective on how they use the process, selecting specific issues worth consideration and not using it to reflect on every mundane problem. There are many reasons to be optimistic about people becoming better critical thinkers. As with Socrates, individuals can be taught methodology to guide them to more rational and objective conclusions. With the need for effective self-reflection, problem-solving, consensus-building, the demand for critical thinkers has only grown. History has shown us that individuals of any background can use critical thinking in a wide range of applications, making important contributions to a society. Individual dispositions can lead to challenges when developing critical thinking abilities. However, the systematic cultivation of excellence in thought is a worthwhile endeavor to combat prejudice and continue to uphold the highest of ideals. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/everyday-critical-thinking-examples |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328282579#1_697555387 | Title: 5 Powerful Critical Thinking Quotes That Define What It Really Means – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 5 Powerful Critical Thinking Quotes That Define What It Really Means
5 Powerful Critical Thinking Quotes That Define What It Really Means
"You have a brain and mind of your own. Use it, and reach your own decisions."—Napoleon Hill
"It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it."—Aristotle
"The important thing is not to stop questioning. Curiosity has its own reason for existing."—Albert Einstein
"My father used to say 'Don't raise your voice, improve your argument.'"—Desmond Tutu
"Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider."—Francis Bacon
Content: "—Napoleon Hill
One of the biggest hallmarks of critical thinking is the capacity for independent thought. It's easy to believe or agree without consideration. Nevertheless, when we choose to think independently, we exercise a right we have as humans, and a responsibility we have as global citizens. Independent thought requires effort and work, but the payoff is immeasurable. For one thing, it introduces different perspectives and viewpoints, which can be educational in nature. Another aspect of independent thought is that it leads us to carry our convictions with courage and to have faith in our ability to decide what is best for ourselves. "It is the mark of an educated mind to be able to entertain a thought without accepting it. "—Aristotle
According to the article How Many Thoughts Does Your Mind Think in One Hour?, cognition experts claim the human mind experiences between 60,000 and 80,000 thoughts a day or a few thousand every hour. Thus, the act of thinking critically includes considering those thoughts that carry importance and discarding or ignoring those that do not. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/powerful-critical-thinking-quotes |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328289454#6_697585962 | Title: 12 Solid Strategies for Teaching Critical Thinking Skills – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 12 Solid Strategies for Teaching Critical Thinking Skills
12 Solid Strategies for Teaching Critical Thinking Skills
1. Begin With a Question
2. Create a Foundation
3. Consult the Classics
4. Create a Country
5. Use Information Fluency
6. Utilize Peer Groups
7. Try One Sentence
8. Solve Some Problems
9. Return to Role Playing
10. Speak With Sketch
11. Do Some Prioritizing
12. Change Their Misconceptions
The Best Tool for Teaching Critical Thinking Skills
Critical Thinking Companion
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Content: Shakespeare and Critical Thinking
The Critical Thinking Community
4. Create a Country
This could be a tremendous project-based learning scenario about learning what makes a country. In the process, students learn history, geography, politics, and more. Here are some resources to help you: The Geography Site
Could You Start Your Own Country? How to Start Your Own Micro-nation
5. Use Information Fluency
Students must learn to amass the proper expertise to inform their thinking. Teaching critical thinking skills can be supported by an understanding of Information Fluency. Mastering the proper use of information is crucial to our students’ success in school and life. It’s about learning how to dig through knowledge to find the most useful and appropriate facts for solving a problem. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/critical-thinking/teaching-critical-thinking-skills |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328445397#11_698041413 | Title: How Letting Students Teach Can Lead to Their Best Learning Ever – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: How Letting Students Teach Can Lead to Their Best Learning Ever
How Letting Students Teach Can Lead to Their Best Learning Ever
After all, letting students teach is scary but it’s also a great way for them to learn.
Why Letting Students Teach Works
Step 1: Map Classroom Time
Step 2: Map Non-Classroom Time
Telling students what they did right before getting into constructive criticism is important.
Step 3: Detail Your Expectations
It’s also important that they know to be respectful of peers while they’re teaching. In fact, let them know you will make this an integral part of your evaluation process.
Step 4: Start With Tutoring
Step 5: Assign Teaching Groups
Step 6: Review Groups’ Plans
Step 7: Make Adjustments
Step 8: Assign Individual Lessons
Step 9: Work on Lesson Plans
Step 10: Let Students Teach
It’s crucial to let students teach uninterrupted with one exception, which is time.
Additional Reading
Content: Step 6: Review Groups’ Plans
A week or so before a group is scheduled to teach, you should meet with that group’s members to give them feedback on their plans. Here you can provide tips on how to present the information, and ideas for how they can best engage the students they're teaching. Group members should be asking their “class” questions and should consider using other resources such as handouts, blackboards, maps, and videos. In short, this is about encouraging students to be creative. Step 7: Make Adjustments
Let each group’s students make mistakes while they are teaching rather than interfere with a lesson. After all, your department head doesn’t correct you in the middle of a lesson. However, you should be paying attention to what is working for the “teachers” and their students and utilize your observations to improve future group teaching lessons. Your evaluations should be more focused on specific tips for each student and group rather than on grades. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/inquiry/letting-students-teach |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328574779#12_698492568 | Title: 9 Ways Teachers Can Cultivate a Growth Mindset to Enjoy Teaching – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 9 Ways Teachers Can Cultivate a Growth Mindset to Enjoy Teaching
9 Ways Teachers Can Cultivate a Growth Mindset to Enjoy Teaching
Growth Mindset for Teachers: 9 Simple Approaches
1. Show the Value of Struggle
"strength and growth come only through continuous effort and struggle."
2. Encourage Learners to Adopt Mindset Language
A mind virus is a belief we have about ourselves that is deeply self-destructive.
Transforming these beliefs, and thereby eradicating the mind viruses, begins with changing our language about ourselves.
3. Focus on the Whole Journey
More and more, however, we are choosing as educators to focus on the holistic journey a child takes through their formative years.
4. Ask Learners What They Want to Learn
Providing options for the direction content will take help give students a sense of autonomy over their learning.
5. Play the Long Game
Don't look for or expect immediate results.
To lead students to discover the growth mindset in their way, you must be patient and stay the course.
6. Explain the Benefits of What They're Doing
Without connection through context and relevance, learning won't happen.
They begin to see the truth of how meaningful learning carries into life beyond school and how it contributes to the holistic growth of a person.
7. Include Students in Learning Assessment
Independent goal setting and learning ownership are hallmarks of the growth mindset as it applies to learners.
8. Cite Examples of Growth Mindset in Action
Example 1: Running late and missing the bus or carpool
Example 2: Poor feedback from the boss
Example 3: Praising your child
9. Always Encourage Next Steps
It's about carrying our learning forward to not only apply it but to augment it.
Content: If we're used to thinking a certain way, and most of that way has been debilitating to our growth, it can be a challenge to turn that thinking around. Some will resist, and others may reject it out of hand. To lead students to discover the growth mindset in their way, you must be patient and stay the course. The future rewards to your learners, and yourself, in adopting a growth mindset are immeasurable. 6. Explain the Benefits of What They're Doing
Students won't find relevance in learning a concept if they don't see how it can be useful to them. Without connection through context and relevance, learning won't happen. Part of the growth mindset comes from realizing how our personal growth relates directly to what we are learning in our studies. The great thing about relevance is that we can provide it in several different ways. One of the best ways to do this is to connect students' learning directly to the world outside school. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/mindfulness-wellbeing/growth-mindset-teachers |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328574779#16_698505275 | Title: 9 Ways Teachers Can Cultivate a Growth Mindset to Enjoy Teaching – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 9 Ways Teachers Can Cultivate a Growth Mindset to Enjoy Teaching
9 Ways Teachers Can Cultivate a Growth Mindset to Enjoy Teaching
Growth Mindset for Teachers: 9 Simple Approaches
1. Show the Value of Struggle
"strength and growth come only through continuous effort and struggle."
2. Encourage Learners to Adopt Mindset Language
A mind virus is a belief we have about ourselves that is deeply self-destructive.
Transforming these beliefs, and thereby eradicating the mind viruses, begins with changing our language about ourselves.
3. Focus on the Whole Journey
More and more, however, we are choosing as educators to focus on the holistic journey a child takes through their formative years.
4. Ask Learners What They Want to Learn
Providing options for the direction content will take help give students a sense of autonomy over their learning.
5. Play the Long Game
Don't look for or expect immediate results.
To lead students to discover the growth mindset in their way, you must be patient and stay the course.
6. Explain the Benefits of What They're Doing
Without connection through context and relevance, learning won't happen.
They begin to see the truth of how meaningful learning carries into life beyond school and how it contributes to the holistic growth of a person.
7. Include Students in Learning Assessment
Independent goal setting and learning ownership are hallmarks of the growth mindset as it applies to learners.
8. Cite Examples of Growth Mindset in Action
Example 1: Running late and missing the bus or carpool
Example 2: Poor feedback from the boss
Example 3: Praising your child
9. Always Encourage Next Steps
It's about carrying our learning forward to not only apply it but to augment it.
Content: They begin to see the truth of how meaningful learning carries into life beyond school and how it contributes to the holistic growth of a person. Additionally, they discover how the education they devote their energies to can benefit both them and others when practically applied. That's the growth mindset in action. 7. Include Students in Learning Assessment
As bold as this idea may be for most educators, the truth is our students can benefit greatly from being involved in their assessments. In his report The Student’s Role in the Assessment Process, Richard Wells tells us that self-assessment "gives students ownership of their own learning and provides them with a means for evaluating their growth and setting goals for the future." Independent goal setting and learning ownership are hallmarks of the growth mindset as it applies to learners. Despite the trepidation we feel about it, students can play an incredibly valuable role in formative assessment applications. You'll often find that students are their own harshest critics, and can be far more discerning about their performance than any teacher. It can start as simple as having them co-construct success criteria along with you, or by practicing debrief sessions after lessons, as with Solution Fluency. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/mindfulness-wellbeing/growth-mindset-teachers |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328589213#0_698514723 | Title: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
Why We Reflect (Or Should Probably Start)
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use
1. What was my best moment today and how can I have more moments like it?
2. What was my most challenging moment and why? How will I respond next time?
3. Were my students excited to be in class? If not, what can I do to change this?
4. How was my mood with others today and how can I improve it?
5. How well did I communicate with others today and how can I do this better?
6. In what ways did my students surprise me most today?
7. How did I support my colleagues today and how will I continue to do so?
8. What are the biggest obstacles to improving my practice and how will I overcome them?
9. What did I do today for myself and why is this important?
10. What do I want everyone to be able to say about me?
Where Transformation Begins
Content: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Mindfulness & Wellbeing
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
January 22, 2020
Written by Lee Watanabe-Crockett
Be even better tomorrow than you were today, (and you were awesome!) For a long time, we’ve advocated the use of reflective questions with our learners as a way for them to debrief their learning processes in the classroom to improve and grow. This is just as useful a practice for teachers as it is for learners because in many ways teachers are still learners themselves. What self-reflective questions can teachers use for the same purposes? We’ve got some ideas in this post. First, though, let’s talk about why self-reflection is so crucial a practice in teaching, learning, and life. Someone once asked veteran actor Sidney Poitier what his biggest goal in life was. He responded by saying, “to simply wake up every morning a better person than when I went to bed.” How does one actually do this, actually wake up better than they were the day before? Keep in mind this is the Academy Award-winning superstar who was told by a casting director after his first audition that he should give up and go wash dishes for a living. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/mindfulness-wellbeing/reflective-questions-teachers |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328589213#2_698519573 | Title: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
Why We Reflect (Or Should Probably Start)
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use
1. What was my best moment today and how can I have more moments like it?
2. What was my most challenging moment and why? How will I respond next time?
3. Were my students excited to be in class? If not, what can I do to change this?
4. How was my mood with others today and how can I improve it?
5. How well did I communicate with others today and how can I do this better?
6. In what ways did my students surprise me most today?
7. How did I support my colleagues today and how will I continue to do so?
8. What are the biggest obstacles to improving my practice and how will I overcome them?
9. What did I do today for myself and why is this important?
10. What do I want everyone to be able to say about me?
Where Transformation Begins
Content: What Poitier can teach us here is that a big part of benefiting from self-reflection is in having the proper attitude. Let’s be clear about one thing: whatever you may be, the only one who can dictate your attitude about anything is you. Pinpointing our positions and outlook on our experiences is what reflective questioning is all about. Why We Reflect (Or Should Probably Start)
We don’t debrief to punish ourselves or succumb to another’s opinion of who we are or what we can do. Reflective questions allow us to see past negativity and circumstance and ask ourselves, “how can I do even better next time?” Ultimately, we do a grave disservice to our students as teachers if we deny them the opportunity to use reflective questions for self-assessment and improvement. By the same token, we must give ourselves permission to do the same thing. When it comes to a profession as challenging as teaching is, asking the right self-reflective questions can help you determine many useful things including: what works and doesn’t work in your classroom
where your biggest challenges are and how to overcome them
how you can improve professional development
what you are most fearful of in your profession and how to face it
where you are bringing undue stress upon yourself
how you can better foster relationships with learners/parents/administrators/colleagues
These are only a few examples of the insights teachers can gain from using self-reflection. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/mindfulness-wellbeing/reflective-questions-teachers |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328589213#3_698522322 | Title: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
Why We Reflect (Or Should Probably Start)
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use
1. What was my best moment today and how can I have more moments like it?
2. What was my most challenging moment and why? How will I respond next time?
3. Were my students excited to be in class? If not, what can I do to change this?
4. How was my mood with others today and how can I improve it?
5. How well did I communicate with others today and how can I do this better?
6. In what ways did my students surprise me most today?
7. How did I support my colleagues today and how will I continue to do so?
8. What are the biggest obstacles to improving my practice and how will I overcome them?
9. What did I do today for myself and why is this important?
10. What do I want everyone to be able to say about me?
Where Transformation Begins
Content: Reflective questions allow us to see past negativity and circumstance and ask ourselves, “how can I do even better next time?” Ultimately, we do a grave disservice to our students as teachers if we deny them the opportunity to use reflective questions for self-assessment and improvement. By the same token, we must give ourselves permission to do the same thing. When it comes to a profession as challenging as teaching is, asking the right self-reflective questions can help you determine many useful things including: what works and doesn’t work in your classroom
where your biggest challenges are and how to overcome them
how you can improve professional development
what you are most fearful of in your profession and how to face it
where you are bringing undue stress upon yourself
how you can better foster relationships with learners/parents/administrators/colleagues
These are only a few examples of the insights teachers can gain from using self-reflection. 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use
Begin in earnest to use these reflective questions for teachers as both a meditative practice and an active pathway to being better than you were the day before. 1. What was my best moment today and how can I have more moments like it? This question is a great one to start with because it ensures your reflection begins on a positive note. Think back to that moment and who experienced it with you—students, colleagues, or both? | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/mindfulness-wellbeing/reflective-questions-teachers |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328589213#15_698547370 | Title: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
Why We Reflect (Or Should Probably Start)
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use
1. What was my best moment today and how can I have more moments like it?
2. What was my most challenging moment and why? How will I respond next time?
3. Were my students excited to be in class? If not, what can I do to change this?
4. How was my mood with others today and how can I improve it?
5. How well did I communicate with others today and how can I do this better?
6. In what ways did my students surprise me most today?
7. How did I support my colleagues today and how will I continue to do so?
8. What are the biggest obstacles to improving my practice and how will I overcome them?
9. What did I do today for myself and why is this important?
10. What do I want everyone to be able to say about me?
Where Transformation Begins
Content: Nevertheless, strive as much as possible to make time for your own needs—your students, colleagues, and your practice will benefit. 10. What do I want everyone to be able to say about me? At the end of the day, everyone who crosses your path will always remember how they felt being in your space. You’re in the perfect position to inspire people and make them feel better for coming your way. You don’t have to be the model colleague or the“cool” teacher every kid wants. In the end, you just have to be the best person you can be no matter what comes your way. Rest assured, it’s enough. Where Transformation Begins
You have more strength than you realize and more support than you know, but in the end, change starts with you. Practice using these self-reflective questions as much as possible and watch how your teaching practices, your relationships, and your outlook all transform for the better. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/mindfulness-wellbeing/reflective-questions-teachers |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_328589213#16_698549565 | Title: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day – Wabisabi Learning
Headings: 10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use Every Day
Why We Reflect (Or Should Probably Start)
10 Reflective Questions for Teachers to Use
1. What was my best moment today and how can I have more moments like it?
2. What was my most challenging moment and why? How will I respond next time?
3. Were my students excited to be in class? If not, what can I do to change this?
4. How was my mood with others today and how can I improve it?
5. How well did I communicate with others today and how can I do this better?
6. In what ways did my students surprise me most today?
7. How did I support my colleagues today and how will I continue to do so?
8. What are the biggest obstacles to improving my practice and how will I overcome them?
9. What did I do today for myself and why is this important?
10. What do I want everyone to be able to say about me?
Where Transformation Begins
Content: You don’t have to be the model colleague or the“cool” teacher every kid wants. In the end, you just have to be the best person you can be no matter what comes your way. Rest assured, it’s enough. Where Transformation Begins
You have more strength than you realize and more support than you know, but in the end, change starts with you. Practice using these self-reflective questions as much as possible and watch how your teaching practices, your relationships, and your outlook all transform for the better. Of course, asking better questions isn't just about self-exploration. By providing essential questions that push our learners to excel, we can provide them with the best learning experiences they've ever had. Begin here with one of our most popular resources, the Essential Guide to Essential Questions. You'll find all you need for understanding, developing, and assessing essential questions. Stay curious, stay eager, and be better than you were yesterday. | https://wabisabilearning.com/blogs/mindfulness-wellbeing/reflective-questions-teachers |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_332176036#8_706506760 | Title: How did Gandhi win? - Waging Nonviolence | Waging Nonviolence
Headings: How did Gandhi win?
How did Gandhi win?
Mark Engler
Paul Engler
Content: But this is just one option. Alinskyite groups might attempt to win better staffing at local social service offices, an end to discriminatory redlining of a particular neighborhood by banks and insurance companies, or a new bus route to provide reliable transportation in an underserved area. Environmental groups might push for a ban on a specific chemical known to be toxic for wildlife. A union might wage a fight to win a raise for a particular group of employees at a workplace, or to address a scheduling issue. By eking out modest, pragmatic wins around such issues, these groups improve lives and bolster their organizational structures. The hope is that, over time, small gains will add up to substantial reforms. Slowly and steadily, social change is achieved. The symbolic turn
For momentum-driven mass mobilizations, including the Salt March, campaigns function differently. Activists in mass movements must design actions and choose demands that tap into broader principles, creating a narrative about the moral significance of their struggle. Here, the most important thing about a demand is not its potential policy impact or winnability at the bargaining table. | https://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/gandhi-win/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_332176036#9_706508264 | Title: How did Gandhi win? - Waging Nonviolence | Waging Nonviolence
Headings: How did Gandhi win?
How did Gandhi win?
Mark Engler
Paul Engler
Content: The hope is that, over time, small gains will add up to substantial reforms. Slowly and steadily, social change is achieved. The symbolic turn
For momentum-driven mass mobilizations, including the Salt March, campaigns function differently. Activists in mass movements must design actions and choose demands that tap into broader principles, creating a narrative about the moral significance of their struggle. Here, the most important thing about a demand is not its potential policy impact or winnability at the bargaining table. Most critical are its symbolic properties — how well a demand serves to dramatize for the public the urgent need to remedy an injustice. Like conventional politicians and structure-based organizers, those trying to build protest movements also have strategic goals, and they might seek to address specific grievances as part of their campaigns. But their overall approach is more indirect. These activists are not necessarily focused on reforms that can be feasibly obtained in an existing political context. Instead, momentum-driven movements aim to alter the political climate as a whole, changing perceptions of what is possible and realistic. | https://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/gandhi-win/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_332176036#10_706509774 | Title: How did Gandhi win? - Waging Nonviolence | Waging Nonviolence
Headings: How did Gandhi win?
How did Gandhi win?
Mark Engler
Paul Engler
Content: Most critical are its symbolic properties — how well a demand serves to dramatize for the public the urgent need to remedy an injustice. Like conventional politicians and structure-based organizers, those trying to build protest movements also have strategic goals, and they might seek to address specific grievances as part of their campaigns. But their overall approach is more indirect. These activists are not necessarily focused on reforms that can be feasibly obtained in an existing political context. Instead, momentum-driven movements aim to alter the political climate as a whole, changing perceptions of what is possible and realistic. They do this by shifting public opinion around an issue and activating an ever-expanding base of supporters. At their most ambitious, these movements take things that might be considered politically unimaginable — women’s suffrage, civil rights, the end of a war, the fall of a dictatorial regime, marriage equality for same-sex couples — and turn them into political inevitabilities. Negotiations over specific policy proposals are important, but they come at the endgame of a movement, once public opinion has shifted and power-holders are scrambling to respond to disruptions that activist mobilizations have created. In the early stages, as movements gain steam, the key measure of a demand is not its instrumental practicality, but its capacity to resonate with the public and arouse broad-based sympathy for a cause. In other words, the symbolic trumps the instrumental. | https://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/gandhi-win/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_332176036#11_706511644 | Title: How did Gandhi win? - Waging Nonviolence | Waging Nonviolence
Headings: How did Gandhi win?
How did Gandhi win?
Mark Engler
Paul Engler
Content: They do this by shifting public opinion around an issue and activating an ever-expanding base of supporters. At their most ambitious, these movements take things that might be considered politically unimaginable — women’s suffrage, civil rights, the end of a war, the fall of a dictatorial regime, marriage equality for same-sex couples — and turn them into political inevitabilities. Negotiations over specific policy proposals are important, but they come at the endgame of a movement, once public opinion has shifted and power-holders are scrambling to respond to disruptions that activist mobilizations have created. In the early stages, as movements gain steam, the key measure of a demand is not its instrumental practicality, but its capacity to resonate with the public and arouse broad-based sympathy for a cause. In other words, the symbolic trumps the instrumental. A variety of thinkers have commented on how mass movements, because they are pursuing this more indirect route to creating change, must be attentive to creating a narrative in which campaigns of resistance are consistently gaining momentum and presenting new challenges to those in power. In his 2001 book “Doing Democracy,” Bill Moyer, a veteran social movement trainer, stresses the importance of “sociodrama actions” which “clearly reveal to the public how the power-holders violate society’s widely held values [.]” Through well-planned shows of resistance — ranging from creative marches and pickets, to boycotts and other forms of non-cooperation, to more confrontational interventions such as sit-ins and occupations — movements engage in a process of “politics as theater” which, in Moyer’s words, “creates a public social crisis that transforms a social problem into a critical public issue.” The types of narrow proposals that are useful in behind-the-scenes political negotiations are generally not the kinds of demands that inspire effective sociodrama. Commenting on this theme, leading New Left organizer and anti-Vietnam War activist Tom Hayden argues that new movements do not arise based on narrow interests or on abstract ideology; | https://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/gandhi-win/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_358988346#2_766765054 | Title: Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, Cost
Headings: Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
What is Retained Baby Teeth?
Symptoms of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Causes of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Diagnosis of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Treatment of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Recovery of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Cost of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Retained Baby Teeth Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
Need pet health advice? Ask a vet
Retained Baby Teeth Average Cost
Average Cost
Content: Retained Baby Teeth Average Cost
From 72 quotes ranging from $300 - $800
Average Cost
$350
Protect yourself and your pet. Compare top pet insurance plans. Symptoms of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Outside of obvious visual proof that the jaw sits abnormally or both teeth clamped together, other symptoms to look for with retained puppy teeth in dogs include: Food collections in the gap of the teeth
Gingivitis
Overbite
Periodontitis
Premature loss of adult teeth
Pus cavity forming under teeth
Strenuous time eating food
Tartar deposits
Tooth decay
Types
There are four types of teeth that should be in a pet's mouth in the upper and lower jaw area: Canine teeth
- holding and tearing food
Incisors
- cutting and nibbling food
Molars
- grinding food
Premolars
- cutting, holding, and shearing food
Puppies start out with 28 deciduous (temporary or "baby" teeth). As they grow into adult dogs, there should be 42 permanent teeth. The puppy teeth, or milk teeth as they are commonly referred to will start to fall out between 14 and 30 weeks of age. It's not uncommon for a dog to swallow the "tooth buds" from baby teeth while eating, but sometimes pet owners may find the crowns of these teeth around the dog's play or sleep area. Top
Causes of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Malocclusion is a genetic abnormality that leads to some teeth not fitting together comfortably to chew or when a dog's mouth is closed. While 85 percent of dogs have some kind of oral disease at the age of four or older, baby teeth abnormalities are more likely linked to smaller dogs and usually at earlier ages. | https://wagwalking.com/condition/retained-baby-teeth |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_358988346#3_766767451 | Title: Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, Cost
Headings: Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
What is Retained Baby Teeth?
Symptoms of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Causes of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Diagnosis of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Treatment of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Recovery of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Cost of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Retained Baby Teeth Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
Need pet health advice? Ask a vet
Retained Baby Teeth Average Cost
Average Cost
Content: As they grow into adult dogs, there should be 42 permanent teeth. The puppy teeth, or milk teeth as they are commonly referred to will start to fall out between 14 and 30 weeks of age. It's not uncommon for a dog to swallow the "tooth buds" from baby teeth while eating, but sometimes pet owners may find the crowns of these teeth around the dog's play or sleep area. Top
Causes of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
Malocclusion is a genetic abnormality that leads to some teeth not fitting together comfortably to chew or when a dog's mouth is closed. While 85 percent of dogs have some kind of oral disease at the age of four or older, baby teeth abnormalities are more likely linked to smaller dogs and usually at earlier ages. Top
Diagnosis of Retained Baby Teeth in Dogs
When a pet owner notices that a dog appears to have deciduous teeth next to adult teeth, it should be made a priority to contact a veterinarian. Pet owners should keep track of the progress on a dog's teeth during the first seven to eight months, in addition to daily dog teeth brushing to keep the mouth clean. A veterinarian may delay a potential extraction process until after spaying or neutering the animal due to general anesthesia that will be needed to examine the teeth, although there is controversy over whether the wait time is necessary. Veterinarians will complete X-rays of the dog's mouth to determine whether stubborn teeth are not coming out in a timely manner and whether adult teeth are growing in. Looking for signs of pain may prove to be more difficult since dogs will more often than not either mask the pain or just grow used to it. | https://wagwalking.com/condition/retained-baby-teeth |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_363779847#3_778186081 | Title: Bee Sting in Horses - Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, Recovery, Management, Cost
Headings: Bee Sting in Horses
Bee Sting in Horses
What is Bee Sting?
Symptoms of Bee Sting in Horses
Types
Local Reaction
Allergic Reaction
Causes of Bee Sting in Horses
Diagnosis of Bee Sting in Horses
Treatment of Bee Sting in Horses
Recovery of Bee Sting in Horses
Bee Sting Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
Need pet health advice? Ask a vet
Logan
Bee Sting Average Cost
Average Cost
Content: There are cases when a horse can have an allergic reaction to the bee venom, which can become a life threatening situation. The severity of your horse’s reaction to a bee sting can depend on the dose of venom. Signs include: Pain
Swelling
Redness
Itching
Red, swollen circular mark, with the stinger of the bee intact in the center
Fast heart rate
Circling
Irritated behavior
Difficulty breathing
Weakness
Darkened urine
Renal failure
Overactive blood clotting
Types
There are two types of reactions a horse can have from a bee sting. Local Reaction
This is a typical reaction on the skin at the site of the bee sting, and includes the swelling, redness, and pain surrounding the sting. This type of reaction does not typically cause more than a temporary discomfort, and can usually be treated with general first aid. Allergic Reaction
This type of reaction is less common, but can occur when an individual horse has an allergic reaction to the bee venom, which can lead to serious systemic conditions. Effects of this reaction can include the premature destruction of red blood cells, the death of skeletal muscle fibers, liver and kidney damage, overactive coagulation, heart damage, and severe breathing distress. This can be a life threatening condition that needs immediate veterinary care. Top
Causes of Bee Sting in Horses
A bee can sting a horse for many reasons, mostly attributable to a defending action from the bee, as it may see your horse as a threat. | https://wagwalking.com/horse/condition/bee-sting |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_371109810#4_796680470 | Title: Can Dogs Live with No Teeth? - Wag!
Headings: Can Dogs Live with No Teeth?
Can Dogs Live with No Teeth?
Introduction
Signs a Dog is Having Issues with Their Teeth
Body Language
History Behind Dog Dental Care
Science Behind Dogs with No Teeth
Caring for a Dog with No Teeth
Safety Tips for Dogs with No Teeth:
More articles by Charlotte Ratcliffe
Content: In 1762 in France, the first dental school for animals was created. It was in the 20th century, however, that animal dentistry for small animals was created. As time continued, animal dentistry moved towards smaller animals and we continued to gain more and more knowledge related to how important dental care was for dogs. Back five decades ago, if a dog owner was told to brush their dog’s teeth, they may have found that rather ludicrous. These days, however, brushing a dog’s teeth is normal practice and something that dog owners now do willingly. Science Behind Dogs with No Teeth
When a puppy reaches between 3 and 6 weeks of age, they grow 28 teeth, which are also called milk teeth. At this age, puppies do not eat a great deal of hard food, so they do not have a need for molars, but the teeth that they do have are sharp anyway. It is at around 4 months of age that a puppy loses these milk teeth and develop 42 new adult teeth When a dog loses an adult tooth or teeth, that may be a cause for concern. The usual cause of adult tooth loss in dogs is periodontal disease. This is caused when gums that are inflamed are also combined with inflammation of the bone and the structures related to teeth support. | https://wagwalking.com/sense/can-dogs-live-with-no-teeth |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_371109810#5_796682247 | Title: Can Dogs Live with No Teeth? - Wag!
Headings: Can Dogs Live with No Teeth?
Can Dogs Live with No Teeth?
Introduction
Signs a Dog is Having Issues with Their Teeth
Body Language
History Behind Dog Dental Care
Science Behind Dogs with No Teeth
Caring for a Dog with No Teeth
Safety Tips for Dogs with No Teeth:
More articles by Charlotte Ratcliffe
Content: Science Behind Dogs with No Teeth
When a puppy reaches between 3 and 6 weeks of age, they grow 28 teeth, which are also called milk teeth. At this age, puppies do not eat a great deal of hard food, so they do not have a need for molars, but the teeth that they do have are sharp anyway. It is at around 4 months of age that a puppy loses these milk teeth and develop 42 new adult teeth When a dog loses an adult tooth or teeth, that may be a cause for concern. The usual cause of adult tooth loss in dogs is periodontal disease. This is caused when gums that are inflamed are also combined with inflammation of the bone and the structures related to teeth support. Studies show that 85% of dogs who are aged 4 and over can be affected by this disease, and it not only causes tooth loss, but it can also cause many other health issues, too. Trauma is the other reason for tooth loss; for example, if your dog gets in a fight with another dog or suffers a head-related injury. Caring for a Dog with No Teeth
Although it may not feel to be the case, a dog with no teeth is better off than a dog who has rotten teeth. It is good to know that if a dog suffers from tooth loss or even has no teeth at all, they can cope. | https://wagwalking.com/sense/can-dogs-live-with-no-teeth |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_373655024#11_802752961 | Title:
Headings:
Content: 06/07/2017, edited: 03/22/2021
More articles by Grace Park
Arching His Back in Dogs
Wheezing in Cats
Knuckling in Dogs
Restless at Night Questions and Advice from Veterinary Professionals
Need pet health advice? Ask a vet
Ask a Vet
Labrador Retriever
Two Years
Unknown severity
2 found helpful
Unknown severity
Has Symptoms
Panting
My dog is panting,whining and restless all of a dudden
Sept. 29, 2020
Owner
Dr. Michele K. DVM
2 Recommendations
Thank you for your question. What you are describing could be as a result of anxiety if there is something going on that is making your dog nervous, or pain. If it is something that is not getting better, it would be best to have your dog seen by a veterinarian, as they can examine him and see what might be causing this problem. If he needs any medication they will be able to help you with that. I hope that all goes well for him and he feels better soon. Oct. 3, 2020
Was this experience helpful? Beagle
Eight Years
Unknown severity
3 found helpful
Unknown severity
Has Symptoms
Restless
My dog seams restless lays in one spot readjusts and repeat first time this happens
July 22, 2020
Owner
Dr. Michele K. DVM
3 Recommendations
Thank you for your question. You may be noticing the first signs that your dog is starting to have arthritis, or they may have intestinal cramps of another reason for the restlessness. | https://wagwalking.com/symptom/why-is-my-dog-restless-at-night |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_395394412#7_831113168 | Title: Northwest Coast Coppers | Don Macnaughtan's Articles
Headings:
Northwest Coast Coppers
WordPress Blogs: Articles, Bibliographies, Media
Native Peoples Series: Biographies of Western Oregon Native Americans II Chinookan Oral Literature II Flag of the Coquille Indian Tribe, Oregon Coast II Haush Indians of Tierra del Fuego II Indians and Landscape in Western Oregon II Kalapuya Indians of the Willamette Valley, Oregon II Macnaughtan Families of Perthshire II Molala Indians of the Western Cascades, Oregon II Northwest Coast Indian Coppers II Oregon Athapaskan Languages II The Purchase of the Nahuhulk II Remembering the Rhinoceros II Shompen People of Great Nicobar II Siuslaw & Kuitsh Indians of the Oregon Coast II Western Oregon Indian Languages
Native American Coppers of the Northwest Coast
Copper Ethnographies no. 1
Related Article
The Purchase of the Nahuhulk: The Tale of a Great Copper
Contents
What is a Northwest Coast Copper?
Willie Seaweed’s “Long Top” copper
The Copper “Wanistakíla”
The Copper “Causing Destitution”
Coppers from the Canadian Museum of Civilization
Franz Boas on the Copper Ritual of the Kwakiutl
The “Paalen” Copper
The Brooklyn Museum’s Haida Copper
The Brooklyn Museum’s “Copper Breaker”
A Copper in Belgium
Harry Assu’s “Quluma” Copper
Mungo Martin’s “Great Killer Whale” Copper
The “Bond” Copper
More Coppers and their Owners
Appendix: Wilson Duff’s History of “Great Killer Whale”
What is a Northwest Coast Copper?
The tlakwa or Copper is a symbol of surplus wealth, cultural nourishment, conspicuous consumption and spiritual power among the Kwakiutl, the Tsimshian, the Tlingit, the Haida, and other indigenous peoples of coastal British Columbia. Names of high ranking people often contained references to copper, such as “Born to be Copper Maker Woman” and “Copper Maker.” Copper was also used as a decorative motif on garments, staffs, and crest carvings, where it represented wealth. Copper was also considered to possess magical properties affecting human health.
The Copper was made of a large flat sheet of beaten or smelted metal cut in the shape of a flared shield, with a T shaped ridge beaten onto the lower portion. The shape is a mystery; it perhaps reflects the trunk proportions of the human body, or possibly a filleted salmon. The Tsimshian thought it represented the backbone of an ancestor. The size varied in height from six inches to three feet. The unique structure and shape of the Copper has a cryptic and possibly unknowable origin; however, the design was so deeply embedded in Northwest design sensibilities that it clearly held very ancient and fundamental meaning. Jopling considers that the design may have even migrated over from Asia, with possible antecedents in
yue or axes from China.
Pre-contact societies made Coppers out of
deposits found throughout the region, but especially around the Copper River in Alaska. The
Ahtna Athapaskan
people were specialist workers in this copper, which they traded south. According to Jopling,
none of these “Native” Coppers survive, except possibly the
. The real impetus for the cultural development of the Copper was the appearance of European trading ships on the Northwest coast in the 1790s, following the sea otter trade. Sheet copper became a prized trade item for all the coastal peoples from Alaska to Vancouver Island, and by the mid-19th century the region was flooded with European-produced copper. Eventually, traders in Vancouver and Victoria developed a flourishing wholesale market with tribes to the North, lasting well into the 20th century.
Jopling states that the Tlingit were the “inventors” of the Copper, followed closely by the Haida. Later, Coppers were adopted by the Tsimshian, Kwakiutl, and Bella Coola, in that order.
Source: Jopling, Carol F. “Chapter4: Formal Antecedents to Coppers.”
The Coppers of the Northwest Coast Indians: Their Origin, Development, and Possible Antecedents.
Philadelphia: American Philosophical Soc., 1989. 99-128. Print.
Traditional Coppers were named by engraving the conventionalized face of a crest animal onto a black background. Generally the Copper was painted in charcoal mixed with fish glue binders; later, black lead was used. The crest design was engraved through the black coating. Coppers often had animal names such as “Beaver Face”, “Sea Lion”, “Bear Face”, or the illustrious “Great Killer Whale.” Other Coppers reflected economic transactions, such as “Other Coppers Are Ashamed To Look At It” and “Making The House Empty Of Blankets.” Coppers were traditionally valued in numbers of blankets, the most prestigious being worth several thousand blankets.
The Copper was essential in the potlatch economy of the
Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw),
Haida
peoples. The oral tradition of these peoples “recorded” economic transactions through the Copper. The particular history of each Copper served to document some of the most important events and transactions engaged in during the life of its present and past owners. They were brought out to climax a potlatch, and formed an important part of marriage and dowry ceremonies. In naming ceremonies, the Copper and the child were given their names at the same time, with the Copper considered the child’s “blanket.” The Copper was valued at the actual price of its last purchase; new purchasers strove to invest more property in it than the previous owner, and thus gain stature and authority. The possession of valuable Coppers conferred immense power on the chiefly owners, demonstrating that they were able to mobilize and direct communal labor, and impress local (and distant) competitors.
Coppers portrayed in pictographs at Petley Point, Kingcome Inlet
It was possible for a chief to break up a Copper, destroying the integrity of the crest design. He would then offer the broken pieces to a rival chief, who was then obliged to break a Copper of equal or higher value. Any rival who could not compete in this way would suffer great humiliation. Chiefs were also reported to have thrown the pieces or even the entire Copper into the sea, thereby trumping all rivals. Amongst the Tsimshian, the followers of a dead chief would buy a very valuable Copper and break it up, distributing the pieces to other chiefs as his “bones.”
The Copper represented a strategic complex and nexus of intense values: tradition, power, prestige, honor, wealth, and story-telling.
The decline in population due to death from infectious diseases created an uncertain ranking order amongst the coastal British Columbia peoples. The competitive potlatches of the 19th and 20th centuries were the cultural vehicle used to rebuild order. The value of the Copper was described by the number of Hudson’s Bay blankets accepted in its purchase. Today, the wealth exchanged in connection with a Copper is in the form of cash, not blankets. Nonetheless, values such as the prestige of the family and the proper use of a Copper in ceremony have been maintained. Breaking a Copper has even been used as a powerful political statement as recently as 2014, when
Beau Dick broke a Copper
as a means to shame and challenge the Canadian government.
Despite what we know about the uses of the Copper, they are something of a mystery. According to Martine de Widerspach-Thor, “Coppers are indeed an ethnological puzzle. We know something about their multiple functions, but their origin and their unique shape are still a mystery. Few attempts have been made to interpret…what seem strangely formed plaques of worked copper.”
When did Coppers appear?
There is a great deal of uncertainty about the evolution of Coppers. There are around 135 Coppers in museum collections, and those tested (about 125) all appear to be from European source copper, which contains zinc and other impurities derived from industrial smelting. According to Jopling, the first Copper observed by a European was in 1787, recorded by
James Colnett
in a ship’s log. It was quite possibly beaten from native copper. Between 1780 and 1820, the trade in copper gradually intensified, with British, American, Russian and Spanish ships participating.
Capt. James Colnett’s sketch of a Copper from 1787. This is the first recorded observation of a Copper.
Source: Jopling, Carol F. “Chapter 2: The Early Development of Coppers in Historical Context.”
The Coppers of the Northwest Coast Indians: Their Origin, Development, and Possible Antecedents.
Philadelphia: American Philosophical Soc., 1989. 45-73. Print.
Natives almost always insisted that their Coppers were from local copper deposits, and such Coppers were always much more prestigious.
According to Cooper (2006): “Initially, copper came as European kettles, pots, and smaller objects. By the mid-eighteenth century copper sheathing began to be applied to the hulls of British ships in order to prevent sea worm boring and to keep them smooth to promote greater speed. As a result, there was an increase in the amount of sheet copper already carried by ships for repair purposes. When fur traders arrived on the Northwest Coast in the late eighteenth century, copper became important for trade.” Iron was also
harvested from pre-contact Japanese shipwrecks
, so it is quite possible that copper was derived from the same source.
Source: Cooper, Harold K. “
Copper and Social Complexity: Frederica de Laguna’s Contribution to Our Understanding of the Role of Metals in Native Alaskan Society
Arctic Anthropology
43. 2 (2006): 148.
Source: Jopling, Carol F. “Chapter 3: The Native Copper Question.”
The Coppers of the Northwest Coast Indians: Their Origin, Development, and Possible Antecedents.
Philadelphia: American Philosophical Soc., 1989. 99-128. Print.
Terminology
The term Copper is generally used, but “copper shield” is sometimes found, although somewhat inaccurate. In Kwakiutl Coppers are called tlakwa, in Tlingit tinneh (plate) or yek (metal), in Tsimshian ha’yatask, and in Haida taow.
Willie Seaweed’s Galgatu (Long Top)
This famous Copper is known as Galgatu (Long Top), and has been reconstructed around the T-shaped raised ridge of a very old, broken Copper. This Copper was at some point reduced to just the ridge ( ga’las), and then reconstructed twice over the decades. It is therefore extremely valuable. According to Boas, the Copper was sold in the early part of the century for the incredible sum of 9,000 blankets (1).
The surface of this work has been painted in the unique black and silvery gray color combination which Willie Seaweed liked to use. Lines were then etched through the paint, revealing the copper beneath (2).
Coppers have traditionally been engraved on a black background in the form of a conventionalized face which represents the original owner’s crest animal (3). With Long Top, the animal has a unique combination of stylized human and bird features. Nobody is sure what animal this engraving might depict.
Willie Seaweed with Galgatu (left), 1955
Photo by Wilson Duff
Two pieces have been broken off the Copper, thereby accentuating its value. The upper left corner and the entire right half of the face have been cut away. Bill Holm has been able to work out the chronology of these cuts by examining old photographs. The Copper was still whole when displayed around 1939 at Village Island. In the 1955 photo above, the right section is missing, and since then the small square section from the upper left-hand corner has been cut out (4).
In 1953, at a potlatch held at Gilford Island, Willie Seaweed was known to have broken one of his Coppers, perhaps the right side of Long Top (5).
This Copper was not broken up according to the customary pattern. According to Boas, the Copper was traditionally first broken at the upper right, then the lower left, followed by the upper left and finally the lower right side (6).
“The Copper still plays a significant role in the life of the contemporary Kwakiutl, but the rivalries played out through these works of art may not be so fierce as those of the past… [now] the breaking of Coppers is not permitted at all within the ceremonial house at Alert Bay, because it would be considered a hostile act comparable to wishing some one dead … Long Top was valued not only for the price most recently paid for it, but for its title as well. The progress of this copper, as it has been displayed by the Seaweed family on significant social occasions, has punctuated the life-cycles of its various members.” (7)
References
1. Boas, Franz. Ethnology of the Kwakiutl. Washington: Bureau of American Ethnology, 1921. 883.
2. Holm, Bill. Smoky-Top: The Art and Times of Willie Seaweed. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1983. 62.
4. Holm, Bill. Smoky-Top: The Art and Times of Willie Seaweed. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1983. 62.
5. Duff, Wilson. The Killer Whale Copper: A Chief’s Memorial to His Son. Victoria, BC: British Columbia Provincial Museum, 1961.
7. Chiefly Feasts: The Enduring Kwakiutl Potlatch. Ed. Aldona Jonaitis. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1991. 41.
8. “ Willie Seaweed .” Wikipedia. Web.
The Copper “Wanistakíla”
In 1914, famed ethnographer Edward Curtis photographed Kwakiutl chief Hakalahl with his Copper Wanistakíla or “Takes Everything Out Of The House” because of its enormous cost. Other Coppers had names like “Causing Destitution,” which perhaps indicates a certain ambivalence towards the power of the Copper to ruin its owner.
The story of the Copper known as “Causing Destitution”
Some Coppers acquired mythic status. Among the
Kwakiutl who lived at Alert Bay, near Fort Rupert, there was a legend of a Copper called “Causing Destitution”, which had ruined everyone who had attempted to claim it. The first owner sold it for 10 slaves, 10 canoes, and 10 blankets of lynx fur. Somebody tried to rob the new owner, who was murdered in the attempt. The next owner also died a violent death trying to hold onto “Causing Destitution”. Everyone who handled the Copper was reputed to meet a ghastly doom, but it continued to soar in value. Its price apparently peaked at 20 canoes, 20 slaves, 100 painted boxes, and 200 cedar blankets. Nobody knows where the Copper is today, or whether it continues to plow its deadly path of destruction.
Coppers from the Canadian Museum of Civilization
This very large Haida Copper (117 cm. high) once belonged to
. He was a talented engraver and sold his decorated Coppers as far south as the Fraser River. This Copper portrays his female Grizzly Bear crest. Purchased from Mary Yaltatse of Masset in 1970.
Painted in the mid-1800s by a resident of Fort Simpson, Fred Alexcee. A man in a bear costume displays a copper shield, while performing at a feast. The bear probably was the crest of the chief holding the feast.
Images and quotations from The Canadian Museum of Civilization, Hull, Quebec.
Franz Boas on the copper ritual of the Kwakiutl
“The trade is discussed and arranged long beforehand. When the buyer is ready, he gives to the owner of the copper blankets about one-sixth of the total value of the copper. This is called “making a pillow” for the copper; or “making a feather bed” or “the harpoon line at which game is hanging,” meaning that in the same manner the copper is attached to the long line of blankets; or “taken in hand, in order to lift the copper.” The owner of the copper loans these blankets out, and when he has called them in again, he repays the total amount received, with 100 per cent interest, to the purchaser.
“On the following day the tribes assemble for the sale of the copper. The prescribed proceeding is as follows: the buyer offers first the lowest prices at which the copper was sold. The owner declares that he is satisfied, but his friends demand by degrees higher and higher prices, according to all the previous sales of the copper….
“Finally, the amount offered is deemed satisfactory. Then the owner asks for boxes to carry away the blankets. These are counted five pairs a box, and are also paid in blankets or other objects. After these have been paid, the owner of the copper calls his friends – members of his own tribe – to rise, and asks for a belt, which he values at several hundred blankets. While these are being brought, he and his tribe generally repair to the house, where they paint their faces and dress in new blankets. When they have finished, drums are beaten in the house, they shout “hi!” and go out again, the speaker of the seller first. As soon as the latter has left the house, he turns and calls his chief to come down, who goes back to where the sale is going on, followed by his tribe They all stand in a row and the buyer puts down the blankets which were demanded as a belt, “to adorn the owner of the copper.” This whole purchase is called “putting the copper under the name of the buyer.”
“On the following day all the blankets which have been paid for the copper must be distributed by the owner among his own tribe, paying to them his old debts first, and, if the amount is sufficient, giving new presents. This is called “doing a great thing.”
The Social Organization and the Secret Societies of the Kwakiutl Indians
The “Paalen” copper
“Coppers have been shaped into this characteristic form and employed to represent great amounts of wealth by Northwest Coast tribal leaders over a period spanning unknown centuries. Such objects are said to have been made originally of native placer copper from the Copper River region of south central Alaska. The origin of the copper’s enigmatic form has been postulated by scholars such as Lt. George T. Emmons, though its true development is unknown. When Euro-American contact at the start of the fur trade in the late 18th century brought large amounts of sheet copper to the coast, the making of numerous copper artifacts was greatly facilitated. Early sailing vessels employed a full sheathing of thin copper (and also carried repair stock) as an antifoulant for their wooden hulls. Commercial ships began to bring loose copper sheet (in heavier weights) specifically for trade as soon as the Native demand for it was realized. Many examples of these uniquely shaped symbols of wealth are extant in museums and private collections around the world, though only a small percentage of these are decorated with such a finely conceived and executed upper design area as this large and elegant piece.”
“The always present T-shaped ridge is known as the “backbone” of the copper, and is formed by bending and hammering the sheet into this characteristic form. This term comes from Kwakwala, the language of the Kwakiutl, whose tradition it is to ceremonially cut pieces from the upper and lower faces of the copper and to challenge a rival with them to test their foundation of wealth. Some Kwakiutl coppers have been cut away until only the central T-ridge, or backbone, remains, which is then sometimes riveted onto a new copper sheet that continues the life of the original copper. The minor cracking at the apex of the T-ridge on this piece probably came about from the work-hardening of the metal during the hammering and forming process. The “face” of the copper is typically bulged out in this form, creating a beautifully sculptural aspect to the overall form of the objects. The edges of the copper are also typically hammered edgewise to increase their thickness, a process known as upsetting the metal.”
“This fine example appears to have been painted black, and the negative design areas engraved through and scraped off to expose the copper surface beneath, a common technique for producing a design form on the copper’s face. On some examples of these objects, the lower quarter panels are also decorated in this fashion, though this is not the case here. The image on the face of this copper is very smoothly and elegantly designed in a formline style that suggests a mid-19th century origin. The thin formlines, arching of the mouth and eye socket forms and certain design relationships are representative of artists’ styles that developed in this period. The execution of design shapes and selection of secondary design forms suggest most strongly a Haida style influence, though many of these characteristics are shared by artists from the Coast Tsimshian/Nishga region of the northern British Columbia mainland. The design exhibits the clear and precise control of form and flow within the image that indicates the hand of a very accomplished artist.”
“The image on this copper features a broad head area spanning the width of the object’s face, with a box design-type arrangement of a body area and an animal’s claws in the lower design field. The actual representation depicted is a somewhat ambiguous one, though aspects of the design tend to suggest a bird image. There are no teeth or mammal-like nostrils depicted, and the turning down of the secondary U-shapes at the center of the mouth may represent the tip of a bird’s beak. The feet or claws also are formed in a way that suggests a bird’s delicate talons. The tall U-shape with large negative circles within it may represent the figure’s vertebrae.”
A copper from the collection of the National Bank of Belgium
This old Kwakiutl copper was acquired at auction by the Belgian National Bank in 1997, and now forms part of their collection of monetary objects. It was originally part of the Wellman Collection. The copper has been cut on the top left quadrant, thereby enhancing its value – this is the conventional pattern for cutting a copper. There is also evidence of riveting along the top cut – another common practice. Some coppers were cut down to just the backbone, then graduallly riveted back together. The spiritual and economic power of these pieces was beyond calculation.
The Brooklyn Museum’s Haida copper
This Haida Copper was collected by
in Skidegate, Queen Charlotte Islands, in 1911, and entered the Brooklyn Museum’s collections in 1916 at a price of only $20. At the time Newcombe claimed to have seen two much older Coppers that he “thoroughly believed were of genuine Alaskan copper” i.e. made of native metal rather than from trade sheet copper. The surface of this magnificent copper is painted black, with the classic Haida bear design on an area of bare copper. Note that Haida Coppers also had a distinctive “flared” shape, as compared to other Coppers.
The Brooklyn Museum’s Copper Breaker
This is a fine example of a “Copper breaker” from the Brooklyn Museum. Sometimes called a “slave-killer”, these clubs were probably not used for that purpose. By the end of the 1800s, these ceremonial tools were used by the Kwakiutl to ritually “break” or cut a valuable Copper, thereby establishing the prestige of the owner and increasing the value of the copper. This copper breaker was collected by C. F. Newcombe in Victoria in 1905. These artifacts are exceedingly rare.
Chief Harry Assu’s Copper Quluma
In his memoir Assu of Cape Mudge, Chief Harry Assu from the southern Kwakiutl village of Cape Mudge, describes how he came to acquire his copper:
Chief Assu also mentioned that “every high-ranking man here had a copper, or owned a share in a copper. They probably came down the coast from the northern people. I know of a few coppers that were obtained by marriage with the Alert Bay and Rivers Inlet people. In those early days, white men in Victoria were making coppers with grooved sections and designs on them, and selling them for $150 up along the coast.” (Assu, p. 45).
Source: Assu, Harry.
. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1989. Print
Mungo Martin’s Max’inuxwadzi (Great Killer Whale)
hamatsa
Mungo Martin presenting a copper to the Queen, at the dedication of the Royal Totem Pole, Windsor Great Park, UK, June 1958.
The copper was last used in public display as the “coffin” for his dead son. It was given by Mungo Martin to the B.C. Provincial Museum in 1960, because with the death of his son, it could go no further. The value of this copper had increased with its sale and display. Its being broken in no way diminished its value; rather, it added to its prestige and worth. When broken sections of coppers were riveted together, the refurbished copper would carry an even greater value. People in a village or along a long section of coast would know all the valuable coppers, who owned them, what displays they had been used in, and what titles or names they had been used to validate. Height 63 cm.
The “Bond” copper
This is a fine copper currently held in private ownership in the Pacific Northwest. It was purchased in 1978 from Jim Bond, a trader of Indian artifacts who had a store in Lebanon, Oregon. The purchaser at that time noted that “it had a heavy coat of black paint and he could barely see the incised design on the copper.” Subsequently, the copper was stripped completely down to the raw copper and repainted, thus removing all patina and the traditional paint colors, as well as much evidence of provenance. The dull black color on the back of the copper was original, and was cleaned but not stripped. The copper has been cut and riveted on the lower left corner.
The story of this Copper is a cautionary tale of how these artifacts can be essentially destroyed by “cleaning.”
The funeral regalia of Chief Skowl in the Haida village of
The copper collection in the University of Britsh Columbia Museum of Anthropology, Vancouver
Acheson, Steven. “The Thin Edge: Evidence for Precontact Use and Working of Metal on the Northwest Coast.”
. Ed. R. G. Matson et al. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2014.
. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1989. Print
Chiefly Feasts: The Enduring Kwakiutl Potlatch
Ed. Aldona Jonaitis. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1991. 41. Print.
Cooper, Harold K. “
The Anthropology of Native Copper Technology and Social Complexity in Alaska and the Yukon Territory: An Analysis Using Archaeology, Archaeometry, and Ethnohistory
Cooper, Harold K. “
Copper and Social Complexity: Frederica de Laguna’s Contribution to Our Understanding of the Role of Metals in Native Alaskan Society
43. 2 (2006): 148.
The Life (Lives) and Times of Native Copper in Northwest North America
Origin of Copper Used by Canadian West Coast Indians in the Manufacture of Copper Plaques
Ottawa: Dept. of Mines & Technical Surveys, 1962. Print
De Widerspach-Thor, Martine. “The Equation of Copper: In Memory of Wilson Duff.”
The World Is As Sharp As a Knife: An Anthology in Honour of Wilson Duff
. Ed. Donald N. Abbott. Victoria: British Columbia Provincial Museum, 1981. 157-174. Print.
Duff, Wilson. “The Killer Whale Copper: A Chief’s Memorial to His Son.”
The World Is As Sharp As a Knife: An Anthology in Honour of Wilson Duff.
Ed. Donald N. Abbott. Victoria: British Columbia Provincial Museum, 1981. 153-156. Print.
Franklin, Ursula M.
An Examination of Prehistoric Copper Technology and Copper Sources in Western Arctic and Subarctic North America
Ed. Wayne Suttles. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1990. 370. Print.
Holm, Bill.
Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1983. 62. Print.
Ickes, Karl J. “
A Study of the Coppers of Northwest Coast Native Americans and the Issue of Their Origins and Antecedents
Jopling, Carol F.
The Coppers of the Northwest Coast Indians: Their Origin, Development, and Possible Antecedents.
“
Stott, Margaret A.
The Southern Kwakiutl Copper: A Study Based on the George Hunt Manuscript
Appendix: The Killer Whale Copper: a chief’s memorial to his son
by Wilson Duff
Provincial Museum, Victoria, British Columbia
Max’inuxwadzi
The history of the copper was recorded on tape, with Mrs. Helen Hunt acting as interpreter. It is the purpose of this brief article to put the story into print, along with enough introductory information to give it a context Certain sections are given verbatim from the tape, as they convey some of the eloquence of the original Kwakiutl phrasings. Mungo Martin was risen to a high social position among his people. A member of the “real” Kwakiutl tribe of Fort Rupert, he holds at present the name Naka’pankum. He is the leading chief of the second ranking clan of the tribe, and ranks third in the entire tribe, after Tom Johnson (Tla-kwageela) and James Knox (Tla’kodlas). At the time he purchased his copper, however, he had not yet attained such a high position of rank. His older brother, Spruce Martin, preceded him as leader of the clan and holder of the name Naka’penkum. It wasn’t just the highest chiefs who could own coppers.
Coppers
Coppers were owned by the Indian tribes of the Coast from the Tlingit of Alaska to the Kwakiutl of Vancouver Island. Their only use, aside from the tiny ones sometimes used as ornaments on costumes, was as objects of wealth and prestige. They served, in general, as the currency of the highest denomination in the complicated native systems of high finance. They were bought and sold (for ever-larger prices), given away, “broken”, and even thrown into the sea as the chiefs who owned them strove for superiority by “fighting each other with property”. The most important coppers had their own names. Mungo remembers the names of thirty-two others which belonged to various tribes of the southern Kwakiutl, and their histories and values were widely known.
The origin of the custom of using coppers had not been satisfactorily explained, nor has their distinctive shape. It is generally believed that coppers were used in pre-contact times, being made of native copper from sources far to the north, in Alaska. Native traditions reveal that the metal was held in very high esteem, and the first explorers to the Coast did find a small amount of it already in use in the form of weapons and ornaments. However, native copper went out of use very quickly as the traders flooded the market with sheet copper. We do not know directly of any existing “copper” which is made of the native metal.
This copper is 26 inches high and was about 13 inches across at its widest point; its size is not unusual, but its proportions are somewhat more long and narrow than most. It has been “broken” in two places. It was not uncommon for pieces to be removed from a copper in this way until only the raised T-shaped central ridge remained, and in fact this copper actually consists of an old central T riveted to a new copper shaped sheet. The arms of the T, as was customary, form a shallow inverted V in cross-section, although they have been somewhat flattened out when riveted to the flat sheet below. The upper (larger) part of the copper is shallowly dished out from behind. The entire surface has been blackened with some type of lacquer, and a design of a killer whale has been engraved on the front.
History of the Copper
Max’inuxwadzi
hamatsa
Then they got the piece off (it is the piece off the top of the copper). They gave Mungo the piece, and he gave it to Frank Walker. In that way, he only returned what Frank Walker had given to his brother Spruce. Frank Walker was a Kwakiutl who had broken a copper for Spruce. They didn’t want to have the name of not returning against them. This cleared that.
The story behind the other piece “broken” from the copper is as follows: Mungo got quite angry at Chief Tom Omhid one time about 1944, and made all the arrangements to break his copper to give to Omhid. But after he had the piece broken off he changed his mind, because Omhid didn’t have any power to do anything about it if he did give him the piece.
hamatsa
The “sale” of the copper took place, with proper speeches and ceremony, during a rehearsal on the evening before the main performance. The procedure was that Mungo “took up” (brought out) his valued copper and “sold” it to Abaya for $1,500, so that he would have money to give away and thus show the extent of his pride in his new house. In actual fact it was Mungo’s own money, and the figure included expenditures which had already been made in the preparations for the event.
Omhid placed the copper on the floor. George Scow, who spoke for Abaya, picked it up and made a speech. “She will take it, you Chiefs. She will buy it.” He placed the copper down in front of Abaya and took from her a bag of money. Now we will need your help,” he said, addressing Omhid and Daniel Cranmer. Mr. Cranmer took the money and he too made a speech, praising Abaya and Mungo for what they were doing. He passed the money to Omhid, who spoke again, then handed it to Mungo.
Helen Hunt later explained the speeches: “They were talking about the copper being brought out. It was given to Mungo by Abaya in the first place, and now Abaya has bought it back so that Mungo will have money to distribute to the people, so that all the performers will not be ashamed of themselves. They will have the copper to dance on. That is the value of the dance that is going to be performed.”
The cradle ceremony was performed early on the first day of the opening ceremonies, at a performance to which only Indian guest and anthropologists had been invited. It followed the set of mourning songs which had opened the performance, and preceded the dances, which were of the winter ceremonial type. The large cradle had been suspended prominently in front of the painted screen that closed off the rear of the house. The main performers grouped themselves in front of the cradle. There were strange sounds as the voices of spirits were heard from the back corners of the house. Mungo called out, as though to a baby in a cradle, not to be afraid. Then the song was sung, there were speeches, and the ceremony ended with 50 cent pieces being distributed to everyone in the house.
Omhid’s speech was in the typical figurative language of Kwakiutl speeches, referring to the copper as a blanket, and to Dorothy as the new-born baby: “The blanket to keep this child from getting cold has already been prepared. This man with the great name has already bought it. The softest of all blankets. Its price is enough to distribute to all your tribes. That is why it can never be cold, the new-born baby, it starts its life by keeping warm.” At other points during the 1953 ceremonies references were made to the copper. In one speech Omhid pointed to where it rested on the floor: “This is the work of Naka’pankam. This is proof of his courage, Iying right there. This belongs to the Chief, and he can never fail the name of it.”
But at some point Omhid must have said something that made Mungo angry, because Mungo renewed his threat to break the copper for Omhid. However, that was not done. Mungo brought the copper out once more before David’s death. When Dave decided to marry Robina Ferrie, of Campbell River, Mungo gave her father Johnny Ferrie $2,000.00 and the copper to make the ceremony big enough and known. Johnny Ferrie couldn’t keep the money or the copper; he had to give it to Dave. That’s what Robina carried to her husband, the copper and that money.
So then the copper belonged to Dave. Mungo didn’t want it to go and stay with Dave – he bought it back from him, so that Dave would have the money to throw a big potlatch. That was the last one that was at Gilford, that last winter before Dave died. That is how the copper came back to Mungo. On the death of his son, the grieving Chief determined at first to comfort himself and erase the memory of the old insult by breaking the copper for Omhid. From this he was soon dissuaded, and decided to use the copper as David’s “coffin”.
Earlier in the interview Mungo said that he had always tried his best to use his copper as he had been taught it should be used. He said that he had tried to bring it out in any kind of circumstances the way it was supposed to be brought out, right up to now. And it stopped because he lost his son. It was as far as the copper can go.
Content: 99-128. Print. Traditional Coppers were named by engraving the conventionalized face of a crest animal onto a black background. Generally the Copper was painted in charcoal mixed with fish glue binders; later, black lead was used. The crest design was engraved through the black coating. Coppers often had animal names such as “Beaver Face”, “Sea Lion”, “Bear Face”, or the illustrious “Great Killer Whale.” Other Coppers reflected economic transactions, such as “Other Coppers Are Ashamed To Look At It” and “Making The House Empty Of Blankets.” Coppers were traditionally valued in numbers of blankets, the most prestigious being worth several thousand blankets. The Copper was essential in the potlatch economy of the Kwakiutl (Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw), Haida, Tlingit, Bella Coola, (Nuxalk) and Tsimshian peoples. | https://waikowhai3.wordpress.com/northwest-coast-coppers/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_399502137#14_838171175 | Title: A Guide to Heavy Metals and Their Health Effects | Wake Up World
Headings: A Guide to Heavy Metals and Their Health Effects
A Guide to Heavy Metals and Their Health Effects
The toxicity of heavy metals depends on a number of factors:
Mercury
Lead
Cadmium
Arsenic
Iron
Aluminum
A Word on Detoxing
References:
Previous articles by Marie Be:
About the author:
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Content: Seafood contains the highest concentrations of organic arsenic; cereals and poultry are also important sources. Arsenic can also be inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Inorganic arsenic binds to hemoglobin in red blood cells and is rapidly distributed to the liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, and to a lesser degree the nervous system, GI tract, and spleen; it can also cross the placenta. Arsenic binds and depletes lipoic acid in cells, interfering with the production of chemical energy. Acute exposure to inorganic arsenic may cause nausea, vomiting, profuse diarrhea, arrhythmia, a decrease in red and white blood cell production, loss of blood volume (hypovolemic shock), burning or numbness in the extremities, and encephalopathy. ( 15) Chronic inorganic arsenic exposure can result in anemia, neuropathy, or liver toxicity within a few weeks to months. Longer exposure (3-7 years) can also result in characteristic skin lesions (areas of hyperpigmentation or keratin-containing lesions) on the palms and soles of the feet. Severe exposure can lead to loss of circulation to extremities, which can become necrotic and gangrenous. | https://wakeup-world.com/2015/02/07/a-guide-to-heavy-metals-and-their-health-effects/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_399707419#0_838586495 | Title: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know | Wake Up World
Headings: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Defining the Agricultural Water Problem
Causes of Agricultural Water Problem
Poor Planning on Water Usage
Chemical Usage and Poor Waste Management
Competition for Water Resources
Per capita water availability by region, 1950-2000
Absence of Trace Minerals
Effects of Agricultural Water Problems
Accessibility and Health Challenges
Endangers Aquatic Life
Low Productivity in Irrigated Lands
Solving the Agricultural Water Problem
Government Regulations
Encourage Organic Farming
Encourage Sustainable Agriculture
Encourage Water Catchment
About the author
“I do not GO through life, I GROW through life!” ~ Mark W. Boutwell
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Content: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know | Wake Up World
Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Print Friendly or Save as PDF
27th August 2015
By Mark W. Boutwell
Guest Writer for Wake Up World
Water is the most important compound, making up between 50% and 65% of our body mass. It also comprises 70% of the entire Earth. Though water is the most abundant resource on planet Earth, only about 1% of water is considered safe for immediate human consumption. Today, our society is facing a huge agricultural water problem. Water quality is rapidly decreasing as a result of human activities such as deforestation, mining and dumping of chemicals waste generated by factories into water sources such as oceans, rivers and lakes. In this article, we explore the actual agricultural problem we’re facing today, its causes and how this problem can be solved. Defining the Agricultural Water Problem
Water is increasingly becoming scarce and the failure to use freshwater appropriately poses serious risks to sustainable development. Despite its limited supply, there is a widespread tendency to misuse water. Of great concern is people’s failure to appreciate the fact that water supply is finite and competition for limited water resources between industrialization, urbanization and agriculture has already started constraining development in most countries. The World Wild Fund (WWF) statistical estimates show that out of the 2,500 trillion liters of water used in agriculture each year, about 1,500 trillion liters go to waste. | https://wakeup-world.com/2015/08/27/agricultural-water-problems-and-solutions-what-you-need-to-know/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_399707419#1_838589423 | Title: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know | Wake Up World
Headings: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Defining the Agricultural Water Problem
Causes of Agricultural Water Problem
Poor Planning on Water Usage
Chemical Usage and Poor Waste Management
Competition for Water Resources
Per capita water availability by region, 1950-2000
Absence of Trace Minerals
Effects of Agricultural Water Problems
Accessibility and Health Challenges
Endangers Aquatic Life
Low Productivity in Irrigated Lands
Solving the Agricultural Water Problem
Government Regulations
Encourage Organic Farming
Encourage Sustainable Agriculture
Encourage Water Catchment
About the author
“I do not GO through life, I GROW through life!” ~ Mark W. Boutwell
Did you find this article helpful?
If so, please consider a donation to help the evolution of Wake Up World and show your support for alternative media.
Your generosity is greatly appreciated.
Content: In this article, we explore the actual agricultural problem we’re facing today, its causes and how this problem can be solved. Defining the Agricultural Water Problem
Water is increasingly becoming scarce and the failure to use freshwater appropriately poses serious risks to sustainable development. Despite its limited supply, there is a widespread tendency to misuse water. Of great concern is people’s failure to appreciate the fact that water supply is finite and competition for limited water resources between industrialization, urbanization and agriculture has already started constraining development in most countries. The World Wild Fund (WWF) statistical estimates show that out of the 2,500 trillion liters of water used in agriculture each year, about 1,500 trillion liters go to waste. In major basins, the quality of surface water is deteriorating rapidly as a result of chemical usage in soils in the form of fertilizer and exposure to other industrial and urban waste. In addition, groundwater gets polluted as a result of contaminated surface water seeping into the ground. Aquifers are increasingly losing their ability to hold water due to over-exploitation and reduction of forested land to facilitate recharging of ground water. Causes of Agricultural Water Problem
Poor Planning on Water Usage
In many cases, commercial farmers use unsustainable agricultural practices that do not involve allocation of water for various uses. This leads to wastage of huge amounts of water on a daily basis. | https://wakeup-world.com/2015/08/27/agricultural-water-problems-and-solutions-what-you-need-to-know/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_399707419#2_838592275 | Title: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know | Wake Up World
Headings: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Defining the Agricultural Water Problem
Causes of Agricultural Water Problem
Poor Planning on Water Usage
Chemical Usage and Poor Waste Management
Competition for Water Resources
Per capita water availability by region, 1950-2000
Absence of Trace Minerals
Effects of Agricultural Water Problems
Accessibility and Health Challenges
Endangers Aquatic Life
Low Productivity in Irrigated Lands
Solving the Agricultural Water Problem
Government Regulations
Encourage Organic Farming
Encourage Sustainable Agriculture
Encourage Water Catchment
About the author
“I do not GO through life, I GROW through life!” ~ Mark W. Boutwell
Did you find this article helpful?
If so, please consider a donation to help the evolution of Wake Up World and show your support for alternative media.
Your generosity is greatly appreciated.
Content: In major basins, the quality of surface water is deteriorating rapidly as a result of chemical usage in soils in the form of fertilizer and exposure to other industrial and urban waste. In addition, groundwater gets polluted as a result of contaminated surface water seeping into the ground. Aquifers are increasingly losing their ability to hold water due to over-exploitation and reduction of forested land to facilitate recharging of ground water. Causes of Agricultural Water Problem
Poor Planning on Water Usage
In many cases, commercial farmers use unsustainable agricultural practices that do not involve allocation of water for various uses. This leads to wastage of huge amounts of water on a daily basis. Though in any country irrigation projects are meant to be heavily subsidized economic projects, the failure to recognize that water is increasingly scarce and the most valuable resource hampers efforts to effectively plan for usage of available resources to generate maximum outputs. This is of great concern considering the fact that the source of water is limited. Chemical Usage and Poor Waste Management
The main source of water pollution is commercial farming. This is mainly as a result of storage and disposal of animal waste and manure leaking into water bodies such as rivers. Other than that, manure is sprayed onto fields and agricultural farms as a fertilizer but the soil can only absorb a certain amount. | https://wakeup-world.com/2015/08/27/agricultural-water-problems-and-solutions-what-you-need-to-know/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_399707419#3_838595036 | Title: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know | Wake Up World
Headings: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Defining the Agricultural Water Problem
Causes of Agricultural Water Problem
Poor Planning on Water Usage
Chemical Usage and Poor Waste Management
Competition for Water Resources
Per capita water availability by region, 1950-2000
Absence of Trace Minerals
Effects of Agricultural Water Problems
Accessibility and Health Challenges
Endangers Aquatic Life
Low Productivity in Irrigated Lands
Solving the Agricultural Water Problem
Government Regulations
Encourage Organic Farming
Encourage Sustainable Agriculture
Encourage Water Catchment
About the author
“I do not GO through life, I GROW through life!” ~ Mark W. Boutwell
Did you find this article helpful?
If so, please consider a donation to help the evolution of Wake Up World and show your support for alternative media.
Your generosity is greatly appreciated.
Content: Though in any country irrigation projects are meant to be heavily subsidized economic projects, the failure to recognize that water is increasingly scarce and the most valuable resource hampers efforts to effectively plan for usage of available resources to generate maximum outputs. This is of great concern considering the fact that the source of water is limited. Chemical Usage and Poor Waste Management
The main source of water pollution is commercial farming. This is mainly as a result of storage and disposal of animal waste and manure leaking into water bodies such as rivers. Other than that, manure is sprayed onto fields and agricultural farms as a fertilizer but the soil can only absorb a certain amount. Once the limit is reached, the remnants of the manure will seep into the water systems, polluting them. In addition, the widespread use of toxic pesticides in non-organic farming adds considerably to the contamination of soil and water. Notably, Monsanto’s Roundup, an integral part of GMO agriculture, has become a disturbingly common contaminant in our air, water, rain, soil and food supplies. Competition for Water Resources
Competition between agriculture, industries and cities for limited water supplies is already constraining development efforts in many countries and limiting the availability of drinking and agricultural water supplies. As populations and economies expand in growth, competition for limited water resources tends to intensify leading to conflicts among water users. | https://wakeup-world.com/2015/08/27/agricultural-water-problems-and-solutions-what-you-need-to-know/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_399707419#8_838608201 | Title: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know | Wake Up World
Headings: Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Agricultural Water Problems and Solutions – What You Need To Know
Defining the Agricultural Water Problem
Causes of Agricultural Water Problem
Poor Planning on Water Usage
Chemical Usage and Poor Waste Management
Competition for Water Resources
Per capita water availability by region, 1950-2000
Absence of Trace Minerals
Effects of Agricultural Water Problems
Accessibility and Health Challenges
Endangers Aquatic Life
Low Productivity in Irrigated Lands
Solving the Agricultural Water Problem
Government Regulations
Encourage Organic Farming
Encourage Sustainable Agriculture
Encourage Water Catchment
About the author
“I do not GO through life, I GROW through life!” ~ Mark W. Boutwell
Did you find this article helpful?
If so, please consider a donation to help the evolution of Wake Up World and show your support for alternative media.
Your generosity is greatly appreciated.
Content: Water that is contaminated by agricultural chemicals causes severe health problems in human beings including lung and respiratory tract infections, stomach ulcers and kidney diseases. Due to inability of cities to provide sufficient drinking water and adequate sanitation facilities to residents, millions of people across the globe get infected by waterborne diseases caused by parasites such as guinea worms. Endangers Aquatic Life
When chemicals from fertilizers find their way into groundwater and other water systems, the repercussions are devastating on both ecosystems and human beings. Parasites and bacteria that find their way into marine ecosystems pollute aqua life as well as other animals that depend on that water. Fertilizer chemicals and manure in the water reduces oxygen levels in the water resulting to loss of aquatic life and destruction of marine ecosystems like freshwater lakes, rivers and coral reefs. Low Productivity in Irrigated Lands
Salinization and waterlogging are increasingly reducing productivity levels of irrigated lands. Out of all the water that is withdrawn from lakes, aquifers and rivers is used for irrigation. As much as agriculture is the largest water consumer in the world in terms of volumes, it is a relatively low-efficient, low-value and extremely subsidized user. Countries such as Mexico, Indonesia, China and India have in the past invested heavily in agriculture. However, irrigation indicators show a shortfall in agricultural yields as well as the technical efficiency of water usage. | https://wakeup-world.com/2015/08/27/agricultural-water-problems-and-solutions-what-you-need-to-know/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_420363970#16_866103944 | Title: How Much Is The Average Utility Bill?
Headings: How Much Is The Average Utility Bill?
How Much Is The Average Utility Bill?
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What is the Average Water Bill?
What is the Average Sewage Bill?
What is the Average Electricity Bill?
What is the Average Cell Phone Bill?
What is the Average Cable/Internet Bill?
How to Save Money on Utilities
Control Your Consumption
Rethink Your Housing Choice
Shop Around
Find Alternative Ways to Manage and Gather Utility Needs
Summary
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About Laurie Blank
Content: Don’t run washers, dryers, and dishwashers unless you have a full load, and wash during off-peak electricity hours. Ask your trash hauler to give you smaller, less expensive trash, and recycle bins. Then go about working to have less waste. For example, buy more fresh foods and less packaged foods. Being mindful of utility consumption can go a long way in lowering your utility bills. Rethink Your Housing Choice
The housing you choose to live in can have a definite impact on your utility bills. Typically, smaller housing square footage means less utility usage, especially when it comes to heating and air conditioning. And renting instead of owning a home can result in lower utility costs as well. Many landlords don’t charge renters for utilities such as water and trash. Additionally, the area you live in does make a difference when it comes to utility costs. | https://wallethacks.com/average-utility-bill/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_420363970#17_866105582 | Title: How Much Is The Average Utility Bill?
Headings: How Much Is The Average Utility Bill?
How Much Is The Average Utility Bill?
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What is the Average Water Bill?
What is the Average Sewage Bill?
What is the Average Electricity Bill?
What is the Average Cell Phone Bill?
What is the Average Cable/Internet Bill?
How to Save Money on Utilities
Control Your Consumption
Rethink Your Housing Choice
Shop Around
Find Alternative Ways to Manage and Gather Utility Needs
Summary
Want 40 Ways to Save $10 or More?
About Laurie Blank
Content: Rethink Your Housing Choice
The housing you choose to live in can have a definite impact on your utility bills. Typically, smaller housing square footage means less utility usage, especially when it comes to heating and air conditioning. And renting instead of owning a home can result in lower utility costs as well. Many landlords don’t charge renters for utilities such as water and trash. Additionally, the area you live in does make a difference when it comes to utility costs. For instance, Hawaii has the most expensive utility costs in the U.S. according to a recent report, while Wisconsin has the least expensive utility costs. Consider this when you decide where you want to live. Shop Around
Utility providers in all areas are aware that there is a sector of frugal people out there looking to save money. For instance, as we talked about earlier, there are many cell phone providers that offer cheaper packages on cell phone service. And although you can’t always switch providers for electricity and natural gas if there are a limited number of providers in your area, you can shop around for television costs like cable or satellite. | https://wallethacks.com/average-utility-bill/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_423275063#0_873129278 | Title: 5 Best Credit Cards for Good Credit of 2021
Headings: Credit Cards for Good Credit
Credit Cards for Good Credit
Best Credit Cards for Good Credit
5 Best Credit Cards for Good Credit in 2021
Chase Freedom Unlimited®
Capital One® Savor® Cash Rewards Credit Card
Blue Cash Preferred® Card from American Express
Wells Fargo Platinum card
Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card
Closing Thoughts
Best Credit Cards for Good Credit of 2021
Questions & Answers
What are the Barclaycard credit score requirements? Reply 48 8
What credit score do you need for a Chase credit card? Reply 15 7
Chase Credit Card Credit Score Requirements
What credit score do you need for a Citi credit card? Reply 14 4
Here’s what else you should know about the credit score you need for a Citi credit card:
How do I get a high limit credit card? Reply 8 0
What are the best credit cards for a 700 credit score? Reply 43 0
Here are the best credit cards for 700 credit scores
What are good credit card rates for good credit? Reply 39 0
What sets credit cards for good credit apart? Reply 36 5
How many credit cards should I have for good credit? Reply 4 0
Which credit cards for good credit have instant approval? Reply 3 0
What is the best credit card for a 660 credit score? Reply 32 1
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Content: 5 Best Credit Cards for Good Credit of 2021
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Credit cards for good credit are best for people with credit scores of 700 to 850. Many credit cards for people with good credit offer elite rewards, such as a $500+ initial bonus or 1.5%+ back on purchases. Other credit card offers for good credit have 0% APRs for 12+ months. And most have $0 annual fees. So it should come as no surprise that the best credit cards for people with good credit scores are usually among the best credit cards on the market overall (some cards are from WalletHub partners). … show more
If you aren’t sure whether you have good credit, you can check your latest credit score for free on WalletHub. And if you want some advice on which card to pick, check out WalletHub’s editors’ recommendations for the best credit cards for good credit below. show less
Best Credit Cards for Good Credit
Best For
Credit Card
Rating
Dining & Entertainment
Capital One® Savor® Cash Rewards Credit Card
5.0 / 5
Travel Rewards
Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card
5.0 / 5
Gas & Supermarkets
Blue Cash Preferred® Card from American Express
4.7 / 5
Long Intro APR
Wells Fargo Platinum card
4.6 / 5
Bonus Cash Back
Chase Freedom Unlimited®
4.7 / 5
Whether you plan to pay your bill in full or carry a balance from month to month, there are plenty of credit cards for good credit capable of saving you money. Keep reading to learn more. | https://wallethub.com/credit-cards/good-credit/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#0_913696658 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Questions Articles Drugs Interactions Ask a pharmacist
Published: Apr 02, 2018 Last Updated: Oct 27, 2019
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
In our latest question and answer, the pharmacist discusses what to do if amoxicillin is causing too much nausea or GI distress. Answered By: Dr. Brian Staiger Pharm. D
Mar 30, 2018
Katie asked
I have been taking Amoxicillin 125 mg tablets 2x/day for 5 days for an ear and sinus infection. Since the second day, my stomach has been hurting and has been worse each day. I have 3 more pills left and can’t stand the thought of taking it for two more days. My sinuses feel better but my ears still have fluid in them. Rolaids helps a little but only for a few minutes. | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#1_913698068 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: D
Mar 30, 2018
Katie asked
I have been taking Amoxicillin 125 mg tablets 2x/day for 5 days for an ear and sinus infection. Since the second day, my stomach has been hurting and has been worse each day. I have 3 more pills left and can’t stand the thought of taking it for two more days. My sinuses feel better but my ears still have fluid in them. Rolaids helps a little but only for a few minutes. Should I tough it out or call for something different? Is there anything I can do to ease this terrible stomach ache? Answer
Nausea from courses of antibiotics are extremely common. With amoxicillin specifically, nausea and related GI problems (e.g. diarrhea, vomiting) are the most commonly reported side effects. There are some strategies that could potentially help to reduce the nausea you are feeling from amoxicillin, including: | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#2_913699554 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: Should I tough it out or call for something different? Is there anything I can do to ease this terrible stomach ache? Answer
Nausea from courses of antibiotics are extremely common. With amoxicillin specifically, nausea and related GI problems (e.g. diarrhea, vomiting) are the most commonly reported side effects. There are some strategies that could potentially help to reduce the nausea you are feeling from amoxicillin, including: Taking amoxicillin after food. Taking a probiotic continuously through the course of amoxicillin. Taking amoxicillin with a large amount of water. Remain standing and do not lie down after taking amoxicillin for 30 minutes. We discuss these in more detail below. | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#3_913700896 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: Taking amoxicillin after food. Taking a probiotic continuously through the course of amoxicillin. Taking amoxicillin with a large amount of water. Remain standing and do not lie down after taking amoxicillin for 30 minutes. We discuss these in more detail below. If these strategies don't work to reduce the nausea you are feeling, be sure to reach out to your doctor for an alternative antibiotic that may be better tolerated for you. Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
While it is a fairly common recommendation to take medication like amoxicillin with food to reduce nausea and GI upset, it generally is more beneficial to have food in your stomach before taking a dose of medication. Eating stimulates gastric acid secretion, which will help to digest the amoxicillin. In addition, food generally delays gastric (i.e. stomach) emptying, which will help the medication to release a little slower into the GI tract, making it more likely to be better tolerated. If eating any food in general causes nausea, with or without amoxicillin, you may have a problem with acid reflux or other related issues. | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#4_913702683 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: If these strategies don't work to reduce the nausea you are feeling, be sure to reach out to your doctor for an alternative antibiotic that may be better tolerated for you. Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
While it is a fairly common recommendation to take medication like amoxicillin with food to reduce nausea and GI upset, it generally is more beneficial to have food in your stomach before taking a dose of medication. Eating stimulates gastric acid secretion, which will help to digest the amoxicillin. In addition, food generally delays gastric (i.e. stomach) emptying, which will help the medication to release a little slower into the GI tract, making it more likely to be better tolerated. If eating any food in general causes nausea, with or without amoxicillin, you may have a problem with acid reflux or other related issues. In this case, it may be beneficial to take an antacid at the same time, such as Tums or Rolaids. It should be noted that antacids interact with many medications so be sure to discuss the use of antacids with other medications with your doctor or pharmacist. Antacids are considered safe to use with amoxicillin however and may help. If antacids only work temporarily, try continuous dosing for at least a few days with other antacids such as H2 blockers like Zantac or PPI medications like Prilosec. These generally are more effective for longer periods of time than antacids like Tums and Rolaids. | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#5_913704806 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: In this case, it may be beneficial to take an antacid at the same time, such as Tums or Rolaids. It should be noted that antacids interact with many medications so be sure to discuss the use of antacids with other medications with your doctor or pharmacist. Antacids are considered safe to use with amoxicillin however and may help. If antacids only work temporarily, try continuous dosing for at least a few days with other antacids such as H2 blockers like Zantac or PPI medications like Prilosec. These generally are more effective for longer periods of time than antacids like Tums and Rolaids. Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Probiotics have growing evidence that they can be very effective for treating what is known as "antibiotic-associated diarrhea" as well as nausea caused from them. Antibiotics, like amoxicillin, kill off the normal gut flora, giving an opportunity for pathogenic (i.e. disease causing) bacteria to overgrow. This can be a particular problem with antibiotics such as amoxicillin, which is a "broad spectrum" antibiotic, meaning it kills off many different kinds of bacteria, both good and bad. Taking a probiotic is thought to help replenish normal, healthy bacteria in the gut, preventing and decreasing overgrowth of "bad" bacteria. Both adults and children who take probiotics with antibiotics, like amoxicillin, reduce the risk of diarrhea by almost half according to some studies. | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#6_913706876 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Probiotics have growing evidence that they can be very effective for treating what is known as "antibiotic-associated diarrhea" as well as nausea caused from them. Antibiotics, like amoxicillin, kill off the normal gut flora, giving an opportunity for pathogenic (i.e. disease causing) bacteria to overgrow. This can be a particular problem with antibiotics such as amoxicillin, which is a "broad spectrum" antibiotic, meaning it kills off many different kinds of bacteria, both good and bad. Taking a probiotic is thought to help replenish normal, healthy bacteria in the gut, preventing and decreasing overgrowth of "bad" bacteria. Both adults and children who take probiotics with antibiotics, like amoxicillin, reduce the risk of diarrhea by almost half according to some studies. Taking an over the counter probiotic may be a good option and there are many different products to choose from. Most evidence points to lactobacillus species, such as lactobacillus acidophilus, being the most effective. Lactobacillus products include: Culturelle
BioGaia
Bio-K+
Proviva
Florajen
Other bacteria species, such as bifidobacteria and Saccharomyces boulardii also have good evidence for benefit. They are available in such products as: | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#7_913708799 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: Taking an over the counter probiotic may be a good option and there are many different products to choose from. Most evidence points to lactobacillus species, such as lactobacillus acidophilus, being the most effective. Lactobacillus products include: Culturelle
BioGaia
Bio-K+
Proviva
Florajen
Other bacteria species, such as bifidobacteria and Saccharomyces boulardii also have good evidence for benefit. They are available in such products as: Florastor
Garden Of Life RAW Probiotics
Probiotics are generally considered safe to use and have a good safety profile. They are a good option to take alongside amoxicillin to reduce nausea. Take Amoxicillin With Water
Drinking a large amount of water, at least 8 ounces, with amoxicillin may help reduce nausea. A sufficient amount of water allows the medication to properly dissolve in the stomach. Many times, the actual contents of medications (e.g. the powder) can be extremely irritating to the stomach, which can cause nausea. | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#8_913710432 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: Florastor
Garden Of Life RAW Probiotics
Probiotics are generally considered safe to use and have a good safety profile. They are a good option to take alongside amoxicillin to reduce nausea. Take Amoxicillin With Water
Drinking a large amount of water, at least 8 ounces, with amoxicillin may help reduce nausea. A sufficient amount of water allows the medication to properly dissolve in the stomach. Many times, the actual contents of medications (e.g. the powder) can be extremely irritating to the stomach, which can cause nausea. Water also helps dilute stomach acids, which can be irritating and cause nausea. Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin has been associated with esophagitis (irritation of the esophagus) in some individuals. Not only can esophagitis be irritating, it can actually induce nausea. To avoid the risk of esophagitis, it is important to not lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking amoxicillin. This is a common recommendation for many other medications as well. | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#9_913712091 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: Water also helps dilute stomach acids, which can be irritating and cause nausea. Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin has been associated with esophagitis (irritation of the esophagus) in some individuals. Not only can esophagitis be irritating, it can actually induce nausea. To avoid the risk of esophagitis, it is important to not lie down for at least 30 minutes after taking amoxicillin. This is a common recommendation for many other medications as well. Summary
There are many strategies to reduce the nausea caused by amoxicillin. They include: Taking amoxicillin after food
Taking amoxicillin with an antacid
Taking amoxicillin with probiotics
Taking amoxicillin with plenty of water
Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking amoxicillin
If all else fails, be sure to talk to your doctor about alternative antibiotics which may be better tolerated for you. Was this article helpful? Feedback
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msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_439334334#10_913713729 | Title: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Headings: How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
How To Reduce Nausea Caused By Amoxicillin
Katie asked
Answer
Strategies To Reduce Nausea From Amoxicillin
Take Amoxicillin After Food
Taking Amoxicillin With Probiotics
Take Amoxicillin With Water
Do Not Lie Down After Taking Amoxicillin
Summary
Was this article helpful?
Ready for a more personal experience with your meds?
Content: Summary
There are many strategies to reduce the nausea caused by amoxicillin. They include: Taking amoxicillin after food
Taking amoxicillin with an antacid
Taking amoxicillin with probiotics
Taking amoxicillin with plenty of water
Do not lie down for 30 minutes after taking amoxicillin
If all else fails, be sure to talk to your doctor about alternative antibiotics which may be better tolerated for you. Was this article helpful? Feedback
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Dr. Brian Staiger Pharm. D
Dr. Brian Staiger is a licensed pharmacist in New York State and the founder of the Q+A website PharmacistAnswers.com. He graduated from the University At Buffalo with a Doctor of Pharmacy degree in 2010. He has been featured in numerous publications including the Huffington Post as well as a variety of health and pharmacy-related blogs. Please feel free to reach out to him directly if you have any inquiries or want to connect! | https://walrus.com/questions/what-to-do-about-nausea-caused-by-amoxicillin |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_445160868#1_925072874 | Title: 10 Simple Ways to Practice Self-Care (It's Easier Than You Think)
Headings: 10 Simple Ways to Practice Self-Care
10 Simple Ways to Practice Self-Care
1. Eat healthily and mindfully.
2. Keep track of your accomplishments.
3. Express gratitude.
4. Gift your inner child.
5. Create a cozy space.
6. Read a book.
7. Move.
8. Unplug.
9. Create something.
10. Build a self-care kit.
Content: Your first defense might be “I don’t have time for that,” or “I have too many other things to do.” But repeatedly putting the needs of others before our own can lead to a lack of “me time,” which can, in turn, create stress and resentment and prevent us from being our best selves. Research has illustrated that adding self-care into one’s daily routine reduces stress, decreases the chance of mental and physical ailment, increases productivity, and inspires feelings of happiness. By giving ourselves a daily dose of compassion, we’re able to approach our work and relationships with a clear, happy mind, thus allowing the cycle of positivity to continue. 1. Eat healthily and mindfully. Too often we eat our meals while multitasking, thus denying ourselves the pure experience of a nourishing meal. Would you work on the computer when having dinner with a loved one? Treat yourself with that same level of respect, and allow yourself to indulge in a meal without any distractions. 2. | https://wanderlust.com/journal/simple-ways-practice-self-care/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_447925197#2_930651788 | Title: What are the Three Branches of Government
Headings: What are the Three Branches of Government
What are the Three Branches of Government
Related Articles
Content: The Executive
In the United States the executive branch of the government includes the President, Vice President and Secretary of State and selected cabinet members. The President is the Head of State and government and is also the commander-in-chief during war time. The President is to uphold the constitution and ensure that all laws are faithfully executed. The President must sign all laws passed by the U.S Congress and may veto (override) them if necessary. The president is able to sign international treaties, but any decision based on these treaties must be passed through the Congress. The President is able to appoint Supreme Court justices and federal judges and enact executive orders. The Vice President is the head of the senate and can vote to break tied votes. The Vice President is also responsible for counting and reading out the results of the presidential vote. The secretary of state is responsible for U.S foreign policy and dealings. The Judiciary
The Judiciary branch of the U.S government is the United States Federal courts. | https://wanttoknowit.com/what-are-the-three-branches-of-government/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_448746701#4_931862413 | Title: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations - PAVE
Headings: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
A Brief Overview
Full Article
Equity doesn’t mean Equal
Accommodations and services create equity in order to give people a fair opportunity to succeed. This level of fairness can be called justice.
Section 504 Supports Inclusion and Bars Discrimination
Here are examples of how Section 504 might impact a student:
Are Parents Part of the Section 504 Team?
How are Discipline and Behavior addressed by Section 504?
Here are a few points related to Section 504, discipline and behavior:
Rules for Schools
Here are some additional resources for information about Section 504:
Share this:
Content: For more detailed information about the IEP, PAVE provides an article, Get Ready for School with IEP Essentials. Education rights are like a pyramid: At the top of the pyramid is the IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act), which provides a full menu of special education programming and services for qualifying students. Children at the top of the pyramid have all the protections of each of these laws. At the center of the pyramid is Section 504, part of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which guarantees non-discriminatory rights to equitable access for individuals with disabilities. ESSA (Every Student Succeeds Act) is at the bottom, providing all children in the United States the right to a free public education “to ensure that every child achieves.” Schools are bound by Section 504 as “covered entities,” places or programs that receive money from the U.S. government. Schools provide access to Free Appropriate Public Education (FAPE) by helping students with 504 Plans to succeed in regular classrooms and school settings. The goal is to meet the student’s needs as adequately as the needs of nondisabled students to offer equity and access to opportunities. Keep reading to learn more about what equity truly means. | https://wapave.org/section-504-a-plan-for-equity-access-and-accommodations/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_448746701#10_931875645 | Title: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations - PAVE
Headings: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
A Brief Overview
Full Article
Equity doesn’t mean Equal
Accommodations and services create equity in order to give people a fair opportunity to succeed. This level of fairness can be called justice.
Section 504 Supports Inclusion and Bars Discrimination
Here are examples of how Section 504 might impact a student:
Are Parents Part of the Section 504 Team?
How are Discipline and Behavior addressed by Section 504?
Here are a few points related to Section 504, discipline and behavior:
Rules for Schools
Here are some additional resources for information about Section 504:
Share this:
Content: Their request was denied. The Third Circuit Court found the school in violation of the student’s right to appropriate evaluation under the Child Find Mandate. The court also found that the school should have provided special education services, not only accommodations with a Section 504 Plan: “In seeing Crohn’s as something requiring only a Section 504 accommodation, not IDEA special education, [the district] treated the disease as something discrete and isolated rather than the defining condition of [this student’s] life.” An online search can find a range of information related to Crohn’s Disease or other specific medical conditions and how to design a specific educational plan to meet a student’s needs. The Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation, for example, provides a template for a Section 504 Plan for a student with serious medical issues related to digestion. Equity doesn’t mean Equal
Supports and services for a student with a disability seek to provide equity . Equal opportunity would mean that all students get the same help. Getting the same help doesn’t give all students the same opportunity. In this picture, on the left, the little guy in the light blue shirt can’s see the game, even though he’s got the same platform as the taller guy. | https://wapave.org/section-504-a-plan-for-equity-access-and-accommodations/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_448746701#11_931878003 | Title: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations - PAVE
Headings: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
A Brief Overview
Full Article
Equity doesn’t mean Equal
Accommodations and services create equity in order to give people a fair opportunity to succeed. This level of fairness can be called justice.
Section 504 Supports Inclusion and Bars Discrimination
Here are examples of how Section 504 might impact a student:
Are Parents Part of the Section 504 Team?
How are Discipline and Behavior addressed by Section 504?
Here are a few points related to Section 504, discipline and behavior:
Rules for Schools
Here are some additional resources for information about Section 504:
Share this:
Content: The Crohn’s and Colitis Foundation, for example, provides a template for a Section 504 Plan for a student with serious medical issues related to digestion. Equity doesn’t mean Equal
Supports and services for a student with a disability seek to provide equity . Equal opportunity would mean that all students get the same help. Getting the same help doesn’t give all students the same opportunity. In this picture, on the left, the little guy in the light blue shirt can’s see the game, even though he’s got the same platform as the taller guy. He needs a different platform to have the same opportunity to see the game. The help that makes access to learning equitable puts the word Appropriate in FAPE– Free Appropriate Public Education. Students with known disabilities get help and productivity enhancers to access the opportunities for success that all students have. If they need a taller crate—or an extra teacher, or a special swing on the playground, or training in Social Emotional Learning (SEL) or something else specific that gives them the same opportunity to learn, grow and benefit from school, then their civil right is to get the boost they need to have an equitable opportunity .
Accommodations and services create equity in order to give people a fair opportunity to succeed. | https://wapave.org/section-504-a-plan-for-equity-access-and-accommodations/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_448746701#12_931880392 | Title: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations - PAVE
Headings: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
A Brief Overview
Full Article
Equity doesn’t mean Equal
Accommodations and services create equity in order to give people a fair opportunity to succeed. This level of fairness can be called justice.
Section 504 Supports Inclusion and Bars Discrimination
Here are examples of how Section 504 might impact a student:
Are Parents Part of the Section 504 Team?
How are Discipline and Behavior addressed by Section 504?
Here are a few points related to Section 504, discipline and behavior:
Rules for Schools
Here are some additional resources for information about Section 504:
Share this:
Content: He needs a different platform to have the same opportunity to see the game. The help that makes access to learning equitable puts the word Appropriate in FAPE– Free Appropriate Public Education. Students with known disabilities get help and productivity enhancers to access the opportunities for success that all students have. If they need a taller crate—or an extra teacher, or a special swing on the playground, or training in Social Emotional Learning (SEL) or something else specific that gives them the same opportunity to learn, grow and benefit from school, then their civil right is to get the boost they need to have an equitable opportunity .
Accommodations and services create equity in order to give people a fair opportunity to succeed. This level of fairness can be called justice.
Under Section 504, individuals with impairments have a right to get into public places—with ramps, elevators, braille labels on doors…whatever is needed for physical access. Other aspects of access are less obvious. Individuals with unseen disabilities have the right to accommodations that will make a program or service as effective for them as it is for the general population. Positive behavior supports through a are an example of an accommodation that can help a student with a disability access the major life activity of learning. | https://wapave.org/section-504-a-plan-for-equity-access-and-accommodations/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_448746701#15_931886916 | Title: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations - PAVE
Headings: Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
Section 504: A Plan for Equity, Access and Accommodations
A Brief Overview
Full Article
Equity doesn’t mean Equal
Accommodations and services create equity in order to give people a fair opportunity to succeed. This level of fairness can be called justice.
Section 504 Supports Inclusion and Bars Discrimination
Here are examples of how Section 504 might impact a student:
Are Parents Part of the Section 504 Team?
How are Discipline and Behavior addressed by Section 504?
Here are a few points related to Section 504, discipline and behavior:
Rules for Schools
Here are some additional resources for information about Section 504:
Share this:
Content: This is important in education: Students have the right to get help so they receive an equitable benefit from learning in the general education classroom. They move to a more specialized setting only if those supports fail to provide appropriate and equitable access. This is true for students on 504 Plans and IEPs. Under Section 504, any alternative space or program must be “comparable.” Clearly, that’s subjective, but it’s important language to include in any discussion with the school if parents have concern that a child is not receiving an education that is equitable or comparable to that being offered to typically developing students.
According to the Office of Civil Rights, as an institution that receives government funding, a school is bound to avoid policies that might on purpose or accidentally exclude persons with disabilities. In other words, if a school’s policy or action creates a barrier to access for a student with a disability, the school might be cited for discrimination if the Office of Civil Rights did an investigation. | https://wapave.org/section-504-a-plan-for-equity-access-and-accommodations/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_498307767#1_980795945 | Title: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists - War on the Rocks
Headings: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Scott Englund
Are Mexican Drug Cartels Terrorists, Insurgents, or Something Else?
Is the Distinction Important?
Labeling Cartels as “Terrorist Groups” Won’t Work
Content: Later in an interview, Trump said he intended to designate drug trafficking cartels as foreign terrorist organizations. The practical effects of that designation would be to freeze assets, impose travel restrictions, and the prosecution of individuals suspected of being a member of a designated organization, or for providing material support to one. Both the Barack Obama and George W. Bush administrations at one time considered the same move, but abandoned those plans when it became clear it would jeopardize security and economic cooperation with Mexico. Others in the U.S. government considered the Mexican cartels a form of insurgency. For example, in 2010 then-Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said, “we face an increasing threat from a well-organized network, drug-trafficking threat that is, in some cases, morphing into, or making common cause with, what we would consider an insurgency. Become a Member
The United States government should not designate drug cartels as foreign terrorist organizations for two reasons. First, drug cartels are not terrorists or insurgents trying to remove or replace the government. They are criminal organizations focused solely on maximizing their income. Secondly, designating the cartels terrorists will do nothing to restrain cartel violence, and may actually make matters worse. It would also poison relations with Mexico, an imperfect — but vital — partner in combating drug trafficking. | https://warontherocks.com/2020/02/mexican-drug-cartels-are-violent-but-theyre-not-terrorists/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_498307767#2_980798059 | Title: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists - War on the Rocks
Headings: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Scott Englund
Are Mexican Drug Cartels Terrorists, Insurgents, or Something Else?
Is the Distinction Important?
Labeling Cartels as “Terrorist Groups” Won’t Work
Content: Become a Member
The United States government should not designate drug cartels as foreign terrorist organizations for two reasons. First, drug cartels are not terrorists or insurgents trying to remove or replace the government. They are criminal organizations focused solely on maximizing their income. Secondly, designating the cartels terrorists will do nothing to restrain cartel violence, and may actually make matters worse. It would also poison relations with Mexico, an imperfect — but vital — partner in combating drug trafficking. Using such a designation as a predicate for U.S. military activity in Mexico would be, to say the least, unwelcome and ineffective. Though the cartels are violent organizations that pose a risk to U.S. interests, misapplying a terrorist organization designation would be a serious mistake. Are Mexican Drug Cartels Terrorists, Insurgents, or Something Else? Mexican drug cartels are not terrorists or insurgents because their goal is to maximize profit, not fundamentally change society and politics. The Secretary of State is directed to designate an entity a “foreign terrorist organization” if an organization engages in, or has the capacity and intent to engage in terrorist activity or terrorism that threatens the security of the United States or its nationals at home or abroad. | https://warontherocks.com/2020/02/mexican-drug-cartels-are-violent-but-theyre-not-terrorists/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_498307767#3_980800063 | Title: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists - War on the Rocks
Headings: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Scott Englund
Are Mexican Drug Cartels Terrorists, Insurgents, or Something Else?
Is the Distinction Important?
Labeling Cartels as “Terrorist Groups” Won’t Work
Content: Using such a designation as a predicate for U.S. military activity in Mexico would be, to say the least, unwelcome and ineffective. Though the cartels are violent organizations that pose a risk to U.S. interests, misapplying a terrorist organization designation would be a serious mistake. Are Mexican Drug Cartels Terrorists, Insurgents, or Something Else? Mexican drug cartels are not terrorists or insurgents because their goal is to maximize profit, not fundamentally change society and politics. The Secretary of State is directed to designate an entity a “foreign terrorist organization” if an organization engages in, or has the capacity and intent to engage in terrorist activity or terrorism that threatens the security of the United States or its nationals at home or abroad. In combination, the laws that direct the Secretary of State to make such a designation is pretty exhaustive. Titles 8 and 22 of the United States Code draw up a broad list of activities that count as “terrorist activity,” which includes hijacking, taking hostages, assassination, and using weapons with the intent to endanger lives or damage property. A “terrorist group” can consist of as few of two people, but just one of which has to actually participate in or provide support to terrorist activity. To “engage in terrorist activity,” can include participating in the foregoing, planning, gathering intelligence in support of, soliciting funds for, recruiting personnel, or providing logistical support for an act of terrorism. At the root of all this, the relevant U.S. legal definition of “terrorism” is “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents.” | https://warontherocks.com/2020/02/mexican-drug-cartels-are-violent-but-theyre-not-terrorists/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_498307767#4_980802509 | Title: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists - War on the Rocks
Headings: Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Mexican Drug Cartels Are Violent — But They’re Not Terrorists
Scott Englund
Are Mexican Drug Cartels Terrorists, Insurgents, or Something Else?
Is the Distinction Important?
Labeling Cartels as “Terrorist Groups” Won’t Work
Content: In combination, the laws that direct the Secretary of State to make such a designation is pretty exhaustive. Titles 8 and 22 of the United States Code draw up a broad list of activities that count as “terrorist activity,” which includes hijacking, taking hostages, assassination, and using weapons with the intent to endanger lives or damage property. A “terrorist group” can consist of as few of two people, but just one of which has to actually participate in or provide support to terrorist activity. To “engage in terrorist activity,” can include participating in the foregoing, planning, gathering intelligence in support of, soliciting funds for, recruiting personnel, or providing logistical support for an act of terrorism. At the root of all this, the relevant U.S. legal definition of “terrorism” is “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents.” Insurgencies seek to remove and replace a country’s existing political system. The 2018 version of the U.S. Department of Defense counterinsurgency manual defines insurgency as “the organized use of subversion and violence to seize, nullify, or challenge political control of a region.” That manual contemplates the existence of an insurgency driven by criminal enterprise, which may be consistent with drug cartels, but it also dismisses these as unique exceptions to the rule that insurgencies have political motives. Adding a criminal facet to insurgency amounts to an unfortunate muddying of the concept. If a violent movement is criminal in nature and driven by profit, and does not want to supplant established political governance (but perhaps diminish a government’s effectiveness at crime-fighting), then it is not an insurgency. | https://warontherocks.com/2020/02/mexican-drug-cartels-are-violent-but-theyre-not-terrorists/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_506203091#5_994284209 | Title: THE MOST IMPORTANT LEGACY OF THE VIETNAM CONFLICT: (A WHITEBOARD) - War Room - U.S. Army War College
Headings: THE MOST IMPORTANT LEGACY OF THE VIETNAM CONFLICT:
THE MOST IMPORTANT LEGACY OF THE VIETNAM CONFLICT: (A WHITEBOARD)
What, to date, has been the most important legacy of the Vietnam Conflict?
2. Dr Meredith Lair (Dept of History and Art History, George Mason University)
3. Dr Heather Stur (Dept of History, University of Southern Mississippi)
4. Dr Jacqueline Whitt (Dept of National Security and Strategy, United States Army War College)
5. Dr Rachel Jacobs (Dept of Political Science and International Studies, Dickinson College)
Other releases in the “Whiteboard” series:
Content: Regardless, it seems pretty clear that the AVF is here to stay. 2. Dr Meredith Lair (Dept of History and Art History, George Mason University)
Dr Lair is the author of Armed with Abundance: Consumerism and Soldiering in the Vietnam War (University of North Carolina Press, 2014). What sounds like a historical question is also a math problem: calculation of the greatest change relative to the outcome. The Vietnam War wreaked so much havoc, and yet it changed so little. South Vietnam fell to communism, and the Domino Theory’s most concerning inevitabilities never came to pass. There are a lot of potential answers—so many, in fact, that I once taught an entire course called Legacies of the Vietnam War. Course units included (among others): | https://warroom.armywarcollege.edu/special-series/whiteboard/wb10-legacy-of-vietnam/ |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_511487035#17_1005132381 | Title: Online Degrees and Programs | WGU
Headings: Online degrees from an accredited, respected university.
Degrees & Programs
Online degrees from an accredited, respected university.
An online school built for students like you.
Browse our online degrees by college.
WGU College of Business.
Explore business degree programs at WGU.
WGU Teachers College.
Explore teaching degrees at WGU.
WGU College of Information Technology.
Explore IT degree programs at WGU.
WGU College of Health Professions.
Explore health and nursing degree programs at WGU.
This online university was made for you.
It’s not about class time. It’s about learning.
Finish courses by proving what you know, as soon as you're ready.
Have questions about WGU or online universities?
Programs begin the 1st of any month.
A fast-track career begins with a first-rate education.
Graduate from WGU, and you won't just earn an online degree. You'll earn respect.
Frequently asked questions about online degree programs.
Online degrees won't mean you'll be alone.
Enrolling in a college degree program is scary. That's a good thing.
Content: Earning any degree is going to take hard work and time. Some degree programs have rigorous requirements and difficult courses that will require more concentration and dedication. The easiest online degree is really going to be personal for each student. It’s valuable to look at course descriptions before choosing an online degree program to see which is the best fit for your strengths and career goals. However, there are ways to make earning an online degree easier for any student, such as allowing them to progress on their own schedule, letting them use their previous experience to help them accelerate courses, and having expert faculty and staff they can rely on to help them thrive. Are online degrees credible? 83% of employers say an online degree is as credible as a traditional degree in their eyes. Currently there are over 6 million online learners, and those numbers are growing every day. Online degrees that have regional accreditation are held to the same standards as traditional universities, ensuring that students earn a valuable degree that will prepare them with the skills and credentials for their career. Do research to find an online degree that is accredited and reputable, such as those offered at Western Governors University. | https://washington.wgu.edu/degrees_and_programs |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_511487035#18_1005134955 | Title: Online Degrees and Programs | WGU
Headings: Online degrees from an accredited, respected university.
Degrees & Programs
Online degrees from an accredited, respected university.
An online school built for students like you.
Browse our online degrees by college.
WGU College of Business.
Explore business degree programs at WGU.
WGU Teachers College.
Explore teaching degrees at WGU.
WGU College of Information Technology.
Explore IT degree programs at WGU.
WGU College of Health Professions.
Explore health and nursing degree programs at WGU.
This online university was made for you.
It’s not about class time. It’s about learning.
Finish courses by proving what you know, as soon as you're ready.
Have questions about WGU or online universities?
Programs begin the 1st of any month.
A fast-track career begins with a first-rate education.
Graduate from WGU, and you won't just earn an online degree. You'll earn respect.
Frequently asked questions about online degree programs.
Online degrees won't mean you'll be alone.
Enrolling in a college degree program is scary. That's a good thing.
Content: Are online degrees credible? 83% of employers say an online degree is as credible as a traditional degree in their eyes. Currently there are over 6 million online learners, and those numbers are growing every day. Online degrees that have regional accreditation are held to the same standards as traditional universities, ensuring that students earn a valuable degree that will prepare them with the skills and credentials for their career. Do research to find an online degree that is accredited and reputable, such as those offered at Western Governors University. Can you really get a degree online? Yes! There are many reputable online degree program options that can help you pursue higher education in a way that works for you. Online degree programs such as those offered at WGU allow you to move through your courses as quickly as you master the material, helping you earn a degree, getting important credentials and valuable skills, all in your own timeframe. How long to finish online degree? | https://washington.wgu.edu/degrees_and_programs |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_513662351#9_1009455610 | Title: The Lithium Battery Recycling Challenge | Waste Management World
Headings: The Lithium Battery Recycling Challenge
The Lithium Battery Recycling Challenge
More about this topic
Peak Waste Recycling with three new Volvo skip loaders
“We show our customers, how it’s done”
Recycling in India: A Market in Transition
Content: Early stage partnerships and research programs such as LithoRec and LiBRi with stakeholders across the value chain demonstrate the immediate need to develop comprehensive recycling solutions. Challenges in recycling
The battery recycling market is largely price driven as technology is not a critical differentiating factor. All the key participants implement the same level of technology in their product offerings. Therefore, the key differentiating factor becomes price, which in a competitive environment reduces profitability for battery recycling firms. Specialised processes and dedicated small scale recycling plants closer to vehicle manufacturers are likely to be the trend in the future. The main challenge hindering the industry is the long-term nature of financial investments required by market participants to develop specialised waste disposal services. As the market is still unexplored, the specific impacts and overall profitability of these investments are unknown and thereby create ambiguity and uncertainty about making such commitments. With lithium recycling in its infancy, there is currently no main recycling infrastructure in the world that treats only automotive Li-ion batteries. A few pilot plants, such as Umicore's Hoboken plant in Belgium that are at a demonstration stage exist. Lack of standardisation in battery chemistries and changing landscape with respect to different elements under research for battery production other than lithium have made evaluation of the recycled value of the components uncertain for the recyclers. | https://waste-management-world.com/a/1-the-lithium-battery-recycling-challenge |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_528180845#2_1038502581 | Title: USGS Current Conditions for USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
Headings: USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
PROVISIONAL DATA SUBJECT TO REVISION
OPERATED IN COOPERATION WITH:
Additional Information:
Temperature, water, degrees Celsius, [ (2)]
Discharge, cubic feet per second
Gage height, feet
Stream water level elevation above NAVD 1988, in feet
Content: CROIX FALLS, WI
PROVISIONAL DATA SUBJECT TO REVISION
Available data for this site
SUMMARY OF ALL AVAILABLE DATA Location map Time-series: Current/Historical Observations Time-series: Daily data Time-series: Daily statistics Time-series: Monthly statistics Time-series: Annual statistics Surface-water: Peak streamflow Surface-water: Field measurements Water-Quality: Field/Lab samples Water-Year Summary Revisions
Click to hide station-specific text
LOCATION .--Lat 45°24'25", long 92°38'49", in SW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.30, T.34 N., R.18 W., Polk County, Hydrologic Unit 07030005, St. Croix National Scenic Riverway, on left bank, 1,500 ft downstream from powerplant of Northern States Power Co., in St. Croix Falls, and at mile 52.2. DRAINAGE AREA .--6,240 square miles. | https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=05340500 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_528180845#3_1038503997 | Title: USGS Current Conditions for USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
Headings: USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
PROVISIONAL DATA SUBJECT TO REVISION
OPERATED IN COOPERATION WITH:
Additional Information:
Temperature, water, degrees Celsius, [ (2)]
Discharge, cubic feet per second
Gage height, feet
Stream water level elevation above NAVD 1988, in feet
Content: Annual statistics Surface-water: Peak streamflow Surface-water: Field measurements Water-Quality: Field/Lab samples Water-Year Summary Revisions
Click to hide station-specific text
LOCATION .--Lat 45°24'25", long 92°38'49", in SW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.30, T.34 N., R.18 W., Polk County, Hydrologic Unit 07030005, St. Croix National Scenic Riverway, on left bank, 1,500 ft downstream from powerplant of Northern States Power Co., in St. Croix Falls, and at mile 52.2. DRAINAGE AREA .--6,240 square miles. PERIOD OF RECORD .--January 1902 to present. Prior to January 1910, monthly discharge only, published in WSP 1308. Prior to October 1939, published as "near St. Croix Falls." REVISED RECORDS .--WSP 1115: 1929. | https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=05340500 |
msmarco_v2.1_doc_31_528180845#4_1038505353 | Title: USGS Current Conditions for USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
Headings: USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
USGS 05340500 ST. CROIX RIVER AT ST. CROIX FALLS, WI
PROVISIONAL DATA SUBJECT TO REVISION
OPERATED IN COOPERATION WITH:
Additional Information:
Temperature, water, degrees Celsius, [ (2)]
Discharge, cubic feet per second
Gage height, feet
Stream water level elevation above NAVD 1988, in feet
Content: PERIOD OF RECORD .--January 1902 to present. Prior to January 1910, monthly discharge only, published in WSP 1308. Prior to October 1939, published as "near St. Croix Falls." REVISED RECORDS .--WSP 1115: 1929. WDR WI-82-1: Drainage area. GAGE .--Water-stage recorder and crest-stage gage. Datum of gage is 690.04 ft above sea level, NAVD88. Prior to July 1905, gage heights and discharge measurements were used by Loweth and Wolff, consulting engineers of St. Paul, Minn., to determine the flow. | https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/uv?site_no=05340500 |
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