Title: Currency substitution - Wikipedia
Headings: Currency substitution
Currency substitution
Contents
Name
Origins
Measures
Types
Effects
On trade and investment
On monetary and exchange rate policies
On banking systems
Determinants of the currency substitution process
The dynamics of the flight from domestic money
Institutional factors
Anchor currencies
Australian dollar
Euro
Indian rupee
New Zealand dollar
Pound Sterling
South African rand
US dollar
Countries/regions using the US dollar exclusively
Countries using the US dollar alongside other currencies
Others
See also
References
Footnotes
Works cited

Content: Currency substitution - Wikipedia
Currency substitution
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Currency substitution, dollarization (see English spelling differences) is the use of a foreign currency in parallel to or instead of the domestic currency. Worldwide official use of foreign currency or pegs. United States dollar users, including the United States
Currencies pegged to the United States dollar
Euro users, including the Eurozone
Currencies pegged to the euro
Australian dollar users, including Australia
Indian rupee users and pegs, including India
New Zealand dollar users, including New Zealand
Pound sterling users and pegs, including the United Kingdom
Russian ruble users, including Russia and other territories
South African rand users ( CMA, including South Africa)
Special drawing rights or other currency basket pegs
Three cases of a country using or pegging the currency of a neighbor
Currency substitution can be full or partial. Most, if not all, full currency substitution has taken place after a major economic crisis, for example, Ecuador and El Salvador in Latin America and Zimbabwe in Africa. Some small economies, for whom it is impractical to maintain an independent currency, use those of their larger neighbours; for example Liechtenstein uses the Swiss franc .