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Content: The most fateful date in literature was a late amendment. — Dorian Lynskey, The Ministry of Truth: The Biography of George Orwell's 1984(2019)[19]
Throughout its publication history, Nineteen Eighty-Fourhas been either banned or legally challengedas subversive or ideologically corrupting, like the dystopian novels We(1924) by Yevgeny Zamyatin, Brave New World(1932) by Aldous Huxley, Darkness at Noon(1940) by Arthur Koestler, Kallocain(1940) by Karin Boye, and Fahrenheit 451(1953) by Ray Bradbury. [ 20]
Some writers consider Zamyatin's Weto have influenced Nineteen Eighty-Four.[21] The novel also bears significant similarities in plot and characters to Koestler's Darkness at Noon, which Orwell had reviewed and highly praised. [ 22]
The original manuscript for Nineteen Eighty-Fouris Orwell's only surviving literary manuscript. It is presently held at the John Hay Libraryat Brown University. [ 23][24]
Plot[edit]
In the year 1984, civilization has been damaged by world war, civil conflict, and revolution. Airstrip One (formerly known as Great Britain) is a province of Oceania, one of the three totalitariansuper-states that rule the world. It is ruled by the "Party" under the ideology of "Ingsoc" (a Newspeak shortening of "English Socialism") and the mysterious leader Big Brother, who has an intense cult of personality. The Party brutally purges out anyone who does not fully conform to their regime using the Thought Policeand constant surveillance through Telescreens(two-way televisions), cameras, and hidden microphones.