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Content: Answer the following questions in complete sentences. What were the Crusades? Who ultimately won the Crusades? What were the effects of the Crusades on Western European society? Some historians refer to the Crusades as the most successful failure in Western European history. Why were the Crusades failures and yet successes? Of course, the Crusades were not completely beneficial to Western Europeans. A negative effect of the Crusades was that Christians began to kill Jews simply because they were not Christians. This persecution and hatred of Jews is called Anti-Semitism. In fact, religious intolerance increased during and after the Crusades.