Title: Pan-Africanism - Wikipedia
Headings: Pan-Africanism
Pan-Africanism
Contents
Overview
History
Concept
Pan-African colours
Maafa studies
Political parties and organizations
In Africa
Formal political bodies
Political groups
In the Caribbean
In the United Kingdom
In the United States
Pan-African concepts and philosophies
Afrocentric Pan-Africanism
Kawaida
Hip hop
Pan-African art and media
African internal conflicts
See also
General:
References
Further reading
External links

Content: Pan-Africanism exists as a governmental and grassroots objective. Pan-African advocates include leaders such as Toussaint Louverture, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Haile Selassie, Julius Nyerere, Ahmed Sékou Touré, Kwame Nkrumah, King Sobhuza II, Robert Mugabe, Thomas Sankara, Dr. John Pombe Magufuli and Muammar Gaddafi, grassroots organizers such as Joseph Robert Love, Marcus Garvey and Malcolm X, academics such as W. E. B. Du Bois, Anténor Firmin and others in the diaspora. Pan-Africanists believe that solidarity will enable the continent to fulfill its potential to independently provide for all its people. Crucially, an all-African alliance would empower African people globally. The realization of the Pan-African objective would lead to "power consolidation in Africa", which "would compel a reallocation of global resources, as well as unleashing a fiercer psychological energy and political assertion ... that would unsettle social and political (power) structures...in the Americas". Advocates of Pan-Africanism—i.e. " Pan-Africans" or "Pan-Africanists"—often champion socialist principles and tend to be opposed to external political and economic involvement on the continent. Critics accuse the ideology of homogenizing the experience of people of African descent. They also point to the difficulties of reconciling current divisions within countries on the continent and within communities in the diaspora. History
Invitation to Pan-African Conference at Westminster Town Hall, London, July 1900
Jamaican Marcus Garvey in a military uniform as the "Provisional President of Africa" during a parade on the opening day of the annual Convention of the Negro Peoples of the World on Lenox Avenue in Harlem, New York City, 1922
As a philosophy, Pan-Africanism represents the aggregation of the historical, cultural, spiritual, artistic, scientific, and philosophical legacies of Africans from past times to the present.