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Content: Sir,
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the frequent bacterial infection observed in clinical practice and is usually caused by members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, in particular Escherichia coliand Gram-positive cocci such as Enterococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp.[1] But we encountered a case of UTI caused by an unusual pathogen-Streptococcus mitis, a member of the viridans group Streptococci (VGS). A 55-year-old diabetic female attended the gynaecology outpatient department of our hospital with recurrent burning micturition, low grade fever, and lower abdominal pain since one month. For this she had been empirically treated with ciprofloxacin but with no improvement. On examination, she had an urethrocele causing difficulty in emptying her bladder leading to cystitis. She was diabetic, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) sero-negative and her hematological and biochemical parameters were within normal limits except for a neutrophilic leukocytosis. Microscopic examination of her urine samples for two consecutive days revealed plenty of pus cells and traces of albumin while aerobic culture of both the samples showed significant bacterial growth (colony count > 105CFU/ml) on CLED agar. Isolated organisms were Gram-positive cocci mostly in chains, catalase negative, bile esculin negative even after 48 hours, showed no growth on nutrient agar and were nonhemolytic on 5% sheep blood agar. This bacterium was further identified as S. mitisby VITEK-2 system with GP-67card. The isolate was susceptible to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, and vancomycin but resistant to ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin.