Title: Social Stratification
Headings: 
In what ways are societies stratified?
Content: Boggs, 1970)
· “A society which had consistently underinvested in black students ought to now adopt race based policies aimed at helping young blacks overcome the deficits yielded by segregation. The legacy of decades of systematic deprivation could be overcome only by color conscious policies direct at the victims of that deprivation.” ( Howard, 1997)
· “Opponents of affirmative action have sought to seize the moral high ground, arguing that such policies betray the central ethical claim which drove the civil rights movement in its long struggle against segregation. People ought to be accorded equal treatment without regard to race, gender, or other extraneous characteristics. … the main burden of change must lie with programs that can develop a degree of genuine equality that will make affirmative action unnecessary.” ( Howard, 1997)
3. Gender is the patterning of difference and domination through distinctions between women and men. Gender roles are social constructions: they contain self-perceptions and psychological traits, as well as family, occupational, and political roles assigned to each sex. Patriarchy is the term for forms of social organization in which men are dominant over women.