Title: Tribal sovereignty in the United States - Wikipedia
Headings: Tribal sovereignty in the United States
Tribal sovereignty in the United States
Contents
Native American sovereignty and the Constitution
Early history
The Marshall Trilogy, 1823–1832
Indian Appropriations Act of 1871
United States v. Kagama (1886)
Empowerment of tribal courts, 1883
The General Allotment Act (Dawes Act), 1887
Twentieth-century developments
Revenue and Indian Citizenship acts, 1924
Iron Crow v. Oglala Sioux Tribe (1956)
Indian Reorganization Act, 1934
Public Law 280, 1953
Tribal governments today
Tribal courts
Nation to nation: tribes and the federal government
Tribal state relations: sovereign within a sovereign
List of cases
See also
Notes
References
External links

Content: Tribal sovereignty in the United States - Wikipedia
Tribal sovereignty in the United States
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type of political status of Native Americans
Map of the contiguous United States with reservation lands excluded as of 2003
Reservation lands in the contiguous United States as of 2019
Tribal sovereignty in the United States is the concept of the inherent authority of indigenous tribes to govern themselves within the borders of the United States. Originally, the U.S. federal government recognized American Indian tribes as independent nations, and came to policy agreements with them via treaties. As the U.S. accelerated its westward expansion, internal political pressure grew for " Indian removal ", but the pace of treaty-making grew nevertheless. Then the Civil War forged the U.S. into a more centralized and nationalistic country, fueling a "full bore assault on tribal culture and institutions", and pressure for Native Americans to assimilate. In the Indian Appropriations Act of 1871, without any input from Native Americans, Congress prohibited any future treaties. This was steadfastly opposed by Native Americans. Currently, the U.S. recognizes tribal nations as "domestic dependent nations" and uses its own legal system to define the relationship between the federal, state, and tribal governments. Contents
1 Native American sovereignty and the Constitution
2 Early history
2.1 The Marshall Trilogy, 1823–1832
2.2 Indian Appropriations Act of 1871
2.3 United States v. Kagama (1886)
2.4 Empowerment of tribal courts, 1883
2.5 The General Allotment Act (Dawes Act), 1887
3 Twentieth-century developments
3.1 Revenue and Indian Citizenship acts, 1924
3.2 Iron Crow v. Oglala Sioux Tribe (1956)
3.3 Indian Reorganization Act, 1934
3.4 Public Law 280, 1953
4 Tribal governments today
4.1 Tribal courts
4.2 Nation to nation: tribes and the federal government
4.3 Tribal state relations: sovereign within a sovereign
5 List of cases
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
Native American sovereignty and the Constitution
The United States Constitution mentions Native American tribes three times: