Title: Zoning in the United States - Wikipedia
Headings: Zoning in the United States
Zoning in the United States
Contents
Origins and history
1908–1930
1908 Los Angeles zoning ordinances
Race-based zoning ordinances, 1910–1917
1916 New York Zoning Resolution
Standard State Zoning Enabling Act
Euclid v. Ambler Realty
Houston, 1924–1929
Scope
Mature zoning practices
Legal challenges
Freedom of Speech
Takings after 1987
Equal protection
Religious exercise
Types
Euclidean
Euclidean II
Smart zoning
Performance
Incentive
Form-based
Amendments to zoning regulations
Limitations and criticisms
Circumventions
Social
Exclusionary
Racial
Housing affordability
Environmental
See also
References
External links

Content: Also in the early 1920s, a lawsuit challenged a local zoning ordinance in a suburb of Cleveland, which was eventually reviewed by the United States Supreme Court ( Euclid v. Ambler Realty ). According to the New York Times, " single-family zoning is practically gospel in America," as a vast number of cities zone land extensively for detached single-family homes. The housing shortage in many metropolitan areas, coupled with racial residential segregation, has led to increased public focus and political debates on zoning laws. Studies indicate that strict zoning regulations constrain the supply of housing and inflate housing prices. Strict zoning laws have been found to contribute to racial housing segregation in the United States, and zoning laws that prioritize single-family housing have raised concerns regarding housing availability, housing affordability and environmental harms. There are no substantial differences between liberal and conservative homeowners in their opposition to the construction of dense housing in their neighborhoods. Contents
1 Origins and history
1.1 1908–1930
1.1.1 1908 Los Angeles zoning ordinances
1.1.2 Race-based zoning ordinances, 1910–1917
1.1.3 1916 New York Zoning Resolution
1.1.4 Standard State Zoning Enabling Act
1.1.5 Euclid v. Ambler Realty
1.1.6 Houston, 1924–1929
2 Scope
3 Mature zoning practices
3.1 Legal challenges
3.1.1 Freedom of Speech
3.1.2 Takings after 1987
3.1.3 Equal protection
3.1.4 Religious exercise
3.2 Types
3.2.1 Euclidean
3.2.1.1 Conventional
3.2.1.2 Standard Euclidean
3.2.2 Euclidean II
3.2.3 Smart zoning
3.2.4 Performance
3.2.5 Incentive
3.2.6 Form-based
4 Amendments to zoning regulations
5 Limitations and criticisms
5.1 Circumventions
5.2 Social
5.3 Exclusionary
5.4 Racial
5.5 Housing affordability
5.6 Environmental
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Origins and history
Zoning, narrowly construed, refers to the designation of discrete land uses to well-defined areas of the city. More broadly construed, zoning refers to a wide range of local regulations enabled by police powers delegated from the states. In the beginning, zoning ordinances in the United States were more narrow in scope, and later ordinances were more comprehensive. The earliest zoning laws in the United States were influenced by a demand for racial segregation.