Title: Guide to Modern Architecture — Archisoup | Architecture Guides & Resources
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Content: Modern architecture then first embraced the use of plate glass, cast iron and reinforced concrete in building stronger taller and lighter structures. The first skyscraper appeared in the US as a quick response to land shortages and the exorbitant cost of construction in the fast-growing American cities, and new technology like the use of fireproof steel frames and safety elevators invented by Elisha Otis. The ten-story Home Insurance Building in Chicago was the steel-framed skyscraper designed by William Le Baron Jenney in 1883. Louis Sullivan constructed other monumental structure at the heart of Chicago between 1904-06. This early building however borrowed decoration styles from Neo-Gothic, Neo-renaissance and Beaux-Arts architecture. Later, The Woolworth Building, designed by Cass Gilbert and completed in 1912, became the world’s tallest building until The Chrysler Building was built in 1929. Postwar reconstruction
Two factors led to the rapid rise of modern architecture during this period. First, the industrial demands during World War II resulted in the shortage of building materials like steel, which lead to the adoption of new materials like aluminum. Second, there was unparalleled destruction during the war, and buildings needed to be reconstructed. The use of prefabricated buildings was largely expanded during the war and postwar period for government and military buildings.