Title: Adolescent Psych Final Flashcards | Quizlet
Headings: Adolescent Psych Final
Adolescent Psych Final
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Content: Age segregation in adolescents' cliques appear to result mostly from the structure of school-unlikely an individual will have friends who are substantially older or younger
During early and middle adolescent years, cliques tend to be same sex because initially formed on the basis of shared activities and interests
Not until adolescents begin dating that cliques mix
Race/ethnicity is not a strong determinant of clique composition during childhood, but like social class, becomes more powerful as adolescents get older
By middle/late adolescence, adolescents' peer groups are typically racially and/or ethnically segregated—may be influenced by discrimination
common interest among friends
Adolescent cliques are usually comprised of individuals who are the same age, in the same grade, from the same social class, and of the same race and/or ethnicity
Factors that are important to determining clique membership and friendship patterns (beyond above) are: Orientation toward school: Adolescents and their friends tend to be similar in the attitudes toward school, in their school achievement, and in their educational plans
Orientation toward the teen culture: Adolescents and their friends generally listen to the same music, dress alike, spend their leisure time in similar activities, and share patterns of drug/alcohol use
Involvement in antisocial activity: Antisocial, aggressive adolescents often gravitate toward each other forming deviant peer groups
Gangs: Organized peer groups of antisocial individuals
Gangs are also groups of adolescents who are similar in background, share common interests/activities, and use the group to derive sense of identity
Gang members tend to be more isolated from family, have more emotional/behavioral problems, and have poorer self-conceptions
ROle of Parent in peer groups
The process of antisocial peer group formation begins at home during childhood
Stems from problematic parent-child relationships (coercive & hostile), leads to antisocial disposition in children, which leads to issues in school (academic and peer failure)
When rejected by bulk of classmates, individual seeks out other antisocial peers
Side note: even if adolescent has more antisocial friends, better relationships at home and stronger attachment to school will make them less susceptible to peer influence
In addition, the crowd an adolescent belongs to is influenced by upbringing—parents play a role in socializing children toward certain values (e.g. athletics or academics)
Predispose adolescents towards choosing certain friends or crowds
selection and socialization
Research demonstrates that it is a combination of the two, both selection (attracted to each other because of initial similarity) and socialization (as friends they become more similar because they influence each other)
And adolescent's behavior can be predicted on the basis of his/her friendship group's profile
stability of adolescent friendships
Cliques show moderate stability over the course of the school year—with some members staying, others leaving, and new members joining
Cliques become more stable later in high school
Even though some clique members leave and are replaced by others, the new members are likely to have the same attitudes and values as former members
Which are more stable—same sex or opposite sex friendships? How about male friendships vs. female friendships? The most common causes of broken friendships are jealousy, incompatibility, violations of intimacy, and aggression
popularity and rejection
Although more socially skilled than unpopular teens, there are two forms of popularity that do not always go hand in hand: Sociometric popularity: