Title: Gender Ideology - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Headings: Gender Ideology
Gender Ideology
Social Movements and Gender
1.3 Gender and Framing Processes
Handbook of Income Distribution
12.6.3.1.3 Social Norms: Doing Gender and Identity
Social Welfare Policies and Gender
4 Gender and Explanations of Social Welfare Policies
Migration
The Impacts of Migration on Sending and Receiving Societies
Women in Buddhism
Women in Mahāyāna Buddhism
Extensive/Intensive Methods
Definitions
Viewing 21st Century Motherhood Through a Work-Family Lens
Negotiating between Work and Motherhood
Maternal and Paternal Employment, Effects of

Content: To the extent that gender operates as a constitutive element of social interaction and relationships, it is not surprising that images of masculinity and femininity appear in the language and ideas social movement activists use to frame movement demands and injustices. Gender dualism, for example, was woven tightly into German National Socialism. Not only was masculinity glorified and male bonding considered the foundation of the Nazi state, but gender-linked oppositions served as the metaphor for the polarization of Jews as weak and emotional and Aryans as strong and rational. The language of gender difference and power is pervasive in contemporary women's self-help movements and serves as a major framework for understanding the problems that trouble women. In the postpartum self-help movement, gender plays a pivotal role in mobilizing participants. Activists linked postpartum illness to women's responsibilities for parenting, to ideas that mothers (not fathers) have to be self-sacrificing, and to the gender bias of the largely male medical establishment (Taylor 1999 ). Social movement scholars use the concept of collective identity to research the question of how challenging groups define and make sense of the question ‘who we are’ and the complex and changing process collective actors use to draw the circles that separate ‘us from them.’ Gender difference in virtually every culture is key to the way actors identify themselves as persons, organize social relations, and symbolize meaningful social events and processes. That means that the identities that social movements of all kinds create and recreate are bound to be molded, at least in part, by gender meanings and practices. For example, Taylor and Whittier ( 1992) argue that in the lesbian feminist movement of the 1970s and 1980s, the drawing of boundaries between male and female promoted the kind of oppositional consciousness necessary for organizing one's life around feminism.