Title: Essential Vitamins for the CKD Patient | KidneyChef
Headings: 
How Vitamins Assist Your Body
Vitamin Deficiencies and Chronic Kidney Disease
Vitamin Supplements for CKD Patients
Water Soluble Vitamins
B Vitamins
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
Vitamin B6
Folate (Vitamin B9)
Vitamin B12
Biotin (Vitamin B7)
Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
Vitamin C
Fat Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin D
Consult Your Doctor Before Taking Vitamin D
Fat Soluble Vitamins to Avoid When You Have CKD
Vitamin A, E, & K
Vitamin A
Vitamin E
Vitamin K
~ALWAYS REMEMBER TO CONSULT HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS BEFORE TAKING SUPPLEMENTS OF ANY KIND~
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Content: Water Soluble Vitamins
Individuals with CKD have greater requirements for the water soluble vitamins, vitamins B and C. Depending on the level of CKD, health, and other factors, healthcare providers may recommend water soluble vitamins. B Vitamins
Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
Helps cells produce energy from carbohydrates and the nervous system work properly
5 mg/day supplement recommended in addition to daily dietary intake
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Helps cells produce energy, supports normal vision and healthy skin
8 mg/day supplement for CKD on a low-protein diet
1-1.3 mg/day supplement for those on dialysis, especially with poor appetite
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
Helps the body use sugars and fatty acids, aids in controlling blood sugars, cells produce energy, and helps enzymes function in body
14 to 20 mg/day supplement recommended for CKD patients (dialysis and non-dialysis)
Vitamin B6
Helps the body make protein, which is then used to make cells and red blood cells
5 mg/day supplement for CKD non-dialysis
10 mg/day supplement for dialysis
50 mg/day when prescribed with folic acid and vitamin B12 to reduce homocysteine levels
Large doses (200 mg/day) over long period can cause nerve damage
Folate (Vitamin B9)
Helps make DNA for new cells and works with vitamin B12 to make red blood cells
1 mg/day supplement recommended for CKD (dialysis and non-dialysis)
Vitamin B12
Helps make new cells, maintains nerve cells, and works with folate to make red blood cells
2-3 ug/day supplement recommended for CKD (dialysis and non-dialysis); deficiency can cause permanent nerve damage
Always include B12 supplement with folate
Biotin (Vitamin B7)
Helps cells produce energy and metabolize protein, fat and carbohydrates
30-100 ug/day supplement recommended for CKD patients (dialysis and non-dialysis)
Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
Helps body produce energy and metabolize protein, fat and carbohydrates
5 mg/day supplement recommended for CKD patients (dialysis and non-dialysis)
Vitamin C
An antioxidant that protects cells from free radicals, helps keep bodily tissues healthy, is a necessary part of forming collagen to make cell membranes, maintains healthy gums, aides in the healing of wounds and bruises, and boosts immunity to help fight infection
High dose supplementation of vitamin C (greater than 100-200 mg/day) is not recommended for individuals with CKD or on dialysis to avoid the buildup of oxalates that may lead to the formation of kidney stones or form deposits in soft tissues or other organs
If you are on dialysis, 75-90 mg of vitamin C daily is recommended to replace the losses that occur during dialysis
Fat Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin D
There are two major forms of vitamin D; vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol-synthetic), and vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol-natural ). The kidneys are necessary in the production and conversion of inactive vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) to active D3 (calcitriol). When kidney function declines, the body’s ability to make vitamin D active is diminished. As a result, vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in individuals with CKD, especially ESRD. Individuals with ESRD, on dialysis, may need supplementation with the active form of vitamin D (D3). Consult Your Doctor Before Taking Vitamin D
Individuals with any stage of CKD should consult their healthcare providers before taking any form of vitamin D. Health care providers determine the specific type and amount of vitamin D needed based on individual need. Blood tests (vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, & PTH) are necessary to determine type and amount of vitamin D supplementation required.