Title: Digestive System of a Pig
Headings: Digestive System of a Pig
Digestive System of a Pig
Learning objectives:
1. Introduction (HNL/MSH)
2. Anatomy of the digestive system (HNL)
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2.1 Mouth and salivary glands
2.2 The stomach
2.2.1 Size and capacity of the stomach
2.3 The pancreas [7]
2.4 The liver and gallbladder
2.5 The small intestine
2.5.1 Size and capacity of the small intestine
2.6 The large intestine
2.6.1 Size and capacity of the large intestine
3. Function of the digestive organs
3.1 Salivary secretion (HNL)
3.2 Gastric secretion (MSH)
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3.2.1 Regulation of gastric secretion
3.3 Pancreatic exocrine secretion (MSH)
3.3.1 a-amylase
3.3.2 Lipases
3.3.3 proteases
3.3.4 Pancreatic secretion and dietary composition
3.4 Bile secretion (HNL)
3.5 Small intestinal digestion and absorption (MSH)
3.5.1 Digestion of carbohydrates
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Content: Beneath the epithelium, a number of submucosal glands are located. Their function is to secrete mucin and bicarbonate, to neutralize luminal acid and protect the epithelium [4]. 2.2 The stomach
The stomach of the pigs consists of a simple compartment that is divided into 4 functionally and structurally different regions. The pars oesophagea is a non-glandular extension of the esophagus into the proper stomach. Ulceration – ulcerous autodigestion of the cutaneous mucosa – of the pars esophagea is a common phenomenon in swine production and develops from a complex interaction of dietary particle size, gastric fluidity, dietary carbohydrate content, presence of gastric organisms, and environmental stress factors. Next to the pars oesophagea is the glandular cardia, which in contrast to most other species is very large and occupies approximately one third of the stomach luminal surface. The fundic, or proper gastric, region is located between the cardiac and pyloric region. All three contain secretory glands located in so-called â€˜gastric pits’. Structurally, they are similar, but they contain different cell types. The major surface of the stomach and lining of the pits are covered with surface mucous cells, that produce thick, tenacious mucus to protect the epithelium against injure from acid and grinding activity.