Title: Nineteen Eighty-Four - Wikipedia
Headings: Nineteen Eighty-Four
Nineteen Eighty-Four
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Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel
Contents
Background and title
Plot
Characters
Main characters
Secondary characters
Unseen characters
World in novel
Ingsoc
Ministries of Oceania
Ministry of Peace
Ministry of Plenty
Ministry of Truth
Ministry of Love
Doublethink
Political geography
The Revolution
The War
Living standards
Themes
Nationalism
Futurology
Censorship
Surveillance
Newspeak appendix
Sources for literary motifs
Influences
Critical reception
Adaptations in other media
Translations
Cultural impact
Brave New World comparisons
See also
References
Notes
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
Electronic editions
Film versions

Content: 13 on the editors' list and No. 6 on the readers' list. In 2003, the novel was listed at No. 8 on The Big Read survey by the BBC. Parallels have been drawn between the novel's subject matter and real life instances of totalitarianism, mass surveillance, and violations of freedom of expression among other themes. Contents
1 Background and title
2 Plot
3 Characters
3.1 Main characters
3.2 Secondary characters
3.3 Unseen characters
4 World in novel
4.1 Ingsoc
4.2 Ministries of Oceania
4.2.1 Ministry of Peace
4.2.2 Ministry of Plenty
4.2.3 Ministry of Truth
4.2.4 Ministry of Love
4.3 Doublethink
4.4 Political geography
4.5 The Revolution
4.6 The War
4.7 Living standards
5 Themes
5.1 Nationalism
5.2 Futurology
5.3 Censorship
5.4 Surveillance
6 Newspeak appendix
7 Sources for literary motifs
8 Influences
9 Critical reception
10 Adaptations in other media
11 Translations
12 Cultural impact
13 Brave New World comparisons
14 See also
15 References
16 External links
16.1 Electronic editions
16.2 Film versions
Background and title
A 1947 draft manuscript of the first page of Nineteen Eighty-Four, showing the editorial development
In 1944, Orwell began work which "encapsulate [d] the thesis at the heart of his... novel", which explored the consequences of dividing the world up into zones of influence, as conjured by the recent Tehran Conference. Three years later, he wrote most of the actual book on the Scottish island of Jura from 1947 to 1948 despite being seriously ill with tuberculosis. On 4 December 1948, he sent the final manuscript to the publisher Secker and Warburg, and Nineteen Eighty-Four was published on 8 June 1949. The Last Man in Europe was an early title for the novel, but in a letter dated 22 October 1948 to his publisher Fredric Warburg, eight months before publication, Orwell wrote about hesitating between that title and Nineteen Eighty-Four. Warburg suggested choosing the latter, which he took to be a more commercially viable choice for the main title.