Title: Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom - Wikipedia
Headings: Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
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Contents
Background
Sugar reciprocity
Rebellion of 1887 and the Bayonet Constitution
Wilcox Rebellion of 1888
Liliʻuokalani attempts to re-write Constitution
Overthrow
United States involvement
Aftermath
Response
United States
International
Hawaiian counter-revolution
Republic, United States annexation, United States Territory
See also
References
External links

Content: They prevailed upon American minister John L. Stevens to call in the U.S. Marines to protect United States interests, an action that effectively buttressed the rebellion. The insurgents established the Republic of Hawaii, but their ultimate goal was the annexation of the islands to the United States, which occurred in 1898. The 1993 Apology Resolution by the U.S. Congress concedes that "the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii occurred with the active participation of agents and citizens of the United States and [...] the Native Hawaiian people never directly relinquished to the United States their claims to their inherent sovereignty as a people over their national lands, either through the Kingdom of Hawaii or through a plebiscite or referendum". Debates regarding the event play an important role in the Hawaiian sovereignty movement . Contents
1 Background
1.1 Sugar reciprocity
1.2 Rebellion of 1887 and the Bayonet Constitution
1.3 Wilcox Rebellion of 1888
1.4 Liliʻuokalani attempts to re-write Constitution
2 Overthrow
2.1 United States involvement
3 Aftermath
4 Response
4.1 United States
4.2 International
4.3 Hawaiian counter-revolution
5 Republic, United States annexation, United States Territory
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Background
The Kamehameha Dynasty was the reigning monarchy of the Hawaiian Kingdom, beginning with its founding by Kamehameha I in 1795, until the death of Kamehameha V in 1872 and Lunalilo in 1874. On July 6, 1846, U.S. Secretary of State John C. Calhoun, on behalf of President Tyler, formally recognized Hawaii's independence under the reign of Kamehameha III. As a result of the recognition of Hawaiian independence, the Hawaiian Kingdom entered into treaties with the major nations of the world and established over ninety legations and consulates in multiple seaports and cities. The kingdom would continue for another 21 years until its overthrow in 1893 with the fall of the House of Kalākaua. Sugar reciprocity
Further information: Sugar plantations in Hawaii
Sugar had been a major export from Hawaii since Captain James Cook arrived in 1778.