Title: Collective action - Wikipedia
Headings: Collective action
Collective action
Contents
The social identity model
Perceived injustice
Perceived efficacy
Social identity
Model refinement
Public good
Collective action problem
Exploitation of the great by the small
Institutional design
Joint products
Clubs
Federated structure
In philosophy
Spontaneous consensus
Dimensions
Competitive versus cooperative
Local versus global
Equilibrium mechanisms
Methods and techniques
Game theory
Social network analysis
See also
Footnotes
Bibliography
External links

Content: Besides economics, the theory has found many applications in political science, sociology, communication, anthropology and environmentalism . Collective action problem
Main article: Collective action problem
The term collective action problem describes the situation in which multiple individuals would all benefit from a certain action, but has an associated cost making it implausible that any individual can or will undertake and solve it alone. The ideal solution is then to undertake this as a collective action, the cost of which is shared. Situations like this include the prisoner's dilemma, a collective action problem in which no communication is allowed, the free rider problem, and the tragedy of the commons, also known as the problem with open access. An allegorical metaphor often used to describe the problem is " belling the cat ". Solutions to collective action problems include mutually binding agreements, government regulation, privatisation, and assurance contracts, also known as crowdacting. Exploitation of the great by the small
Mancur Olson made the claim that individual rational choice leads to situations where individuals with more resources will carry a higher burden in the provision of the public good than poorer ones. Poorer individuals will usually have little choice but to opt for the free rider strategy, i.e., they will attempt to benefit from the public good without contributing to its provision. This may also encourage the under-production (inefficient production) of the public good.