Title: Genocide - Wikipedia
Headings: Genocide
Genocide
Contents
Etymology
Crime
Pre-criminalization view
International law
Intent
"Intent to destroy"
"In whole or in part"
"A national, ethnic, racial or religious group"
Acts
Killing members of the group
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group Article II (b)
Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
UN Security Council Resolution 1674
Municipal law
Criticisms of definitions
International prosecution
By ad hoc tribunals
Nuremberg Tribunal (1945–1946)
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (1993–2017)
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (1994 to present)
Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (2003 to present)
By the International Criminal Court
Darfur, Sudan
Examples
Stages, risk factors, and prevention
See also
Research
References
Further reading
Articles
Books
External links
Documents
Research institutes, advocacy groups, and other organizations

Content: Genocide - Wikipedia
Genocide
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Intentional destruction of all or a significant part of a racial, ethnic, religious or national group
For other uses, see Genocide (disambiguation). Part of a series on
Genocide
Issues
List by death toll
Chronological list
Cultural genocide
Genocidal rape
Genocidal massacre
Utilitarian genocide
Incitement to genocide
Psychology
Denial
Risk factors
Prevention
Effects on youth
Studies
Perpetrators, victims, and bystanders
War and genocide
Genocide of indigenous peoples
Dzungar genocide, 1750s
Black War, 1825–1831
Moriori genocide, 1835-c.1860
California genocide, 1846–1873
Circassian genocide, 1860s
Selk'nam genocide, 1890s–1900s
Herero and Namaqua genocide, 1904–1907
Late Ottoman genocides
Greeks, 1914–1922
Assyrians, 1914–1924
Armenians, 1915–1923
World War II (1941–1945)
The Holocaust
Romani genocide
Nazi crimes against the Polish nation
Genocide of Serbs by the Ustashe
Population transfer in the Soviet Union
Genocide of Bosniaks and Croats by the Chetniks
Cold War
Bangladesh genocide (1971)
East Timor genocide (1974–1999)
Cambodian genocide (1975–1979)
Guatemalan genocide (1981–1983)
Anfal genocide (1986–1989)
Genocides in postcolonial Africa
Ikiza genocide (1972)
Gukurahundi (1983-1987)
Isaaq genocide (1988–1989)
Rwandan genocide (1994)
Massacres of Hutus during the First Congo War (1996–1997)
Darfur genocide (2003–)
Ethno-religious genocides in contemporary era
Bosnian genocide (1995)
Yazidi genocide (2014–2019)
Uyghur genocide (2014–)
Rohingya genocide (2017–)
Related topics
Democide
Ethnic cleansing
Ethnocide
Forced assimilation
Mass killings under communist regimes
Holodomor genocide question
Anti-communist mass killings
Atrocities in the Congo Free State
Category
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Human skulls at the Nyamata Genocide Memorial
Genocide is the intentional action to destroy a people—usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group—in whole or in part. A term coined by Raphael Lemkin in his 1944 book Axis Rule in Occupied Europe, the hybrid word geno - cide is a combination of the Greek word γένος ( genos, "race, people") and the Latin suffix -caedo ("act of killing"). The United Nations Genocide Convention, which was established in 1948, defines genocide as "acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such" including the killing of its members, causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group, deliberately imposing living conditions that seek to "bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part", preventing births, or forcibly transferring children out of the group to another group. Victims have to be deliberately, not randomly, targeted because of their real or perceived membership of one of the four groups outlined in the above definition. The Political Instability Task Force estimated that, between 1956 and 2016, a total of 43 genocides took place, causing the death of about 50 million people. The UNHCR estimated that a further 50 million had been displaced by such episodes of violence up to 2008. The word genocide has also come to signify a value judgment as it is widely considered the epitome of human evil. Contents
1 Etymology
2 Crime
2.1 Pre-criminalization view
2.2 International law
2.3 Intent
2.3.1 "Intent to destroy"
2.3.2 "In whole or in part"
2.3.3 "A national, ethnic, racial or religious group"
2.4 Acts
2.4.1 Killing members of the group
2.4.2 Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group Article II (b)
2.4.3 Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction
2.4.4 Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
2.4.5 Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
2.5 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
2.6 UN Security Council Resolution 1674
2.7 Municipal law
3 Criticisms of definitions
4 International prosecution
4.1 By ad hoc tribunals
4.1.1 Nuremberg Tribunal (1945–1946)
4.1.2 International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (1993–2017)
4.1.3 International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (1994 to present)
4.1.4 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (2003 to present)
4.2 By the International Criminal Court
4.2.1 Darfur, Sudan
5 Examples
6 Stages, risk factors, and prevention
7 See also
7.1 Research
8 References
9 Further reading
9.1 Articles
9.2 Books
10 External links
10.1 Documents
10.2 Research institutes, advocacy groups, and other organizations
Etymology
Before the term genocide was coined, there were various ways of describing such events. Some languages already had words for such killings, including German ( Völkermord, lit. '