Title: Emic - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Headings: Emic
Emic
Measures of Personality across Cultures
Emic–Etic/Universal–Culture-Specific
Measures of Cross-Cultural Values, Personality and Beliefs
Culture and personality processes: Basic tenets and current directions
Basic debates never die: Emic vs. etic approaches
Cross-Cultural Approaches to Work-Family Conflict
IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
Culture and Mental Measurement☆
Cultural Factors in the Assessment of Personality and Intelligence
Participant Observation
Emics and Etics
Translation
5 Decentering
Milestone 6
Emics and etics of research
Emic: ethnography and insider researcher
Sociocultural and Individual Differences
10.01.4.4 Emics and Etics in Cross-cultural Research
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Content: For example, despite its limitations ( Boyle, 2008 ), there is evidence that the Five-Factor Model (FFM, comprising constructs labeled Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) can be discerned universally. On the other hand, although the Western FFM may be found in all cultures, the model may not adequately capture culture-specific aspects of personality which may exist beyond the universal aspects of personality. Studies in China, for example, provide evidence that the FFM gives an incomplete rendering of Chinese personality; the model does not adequately measure the relational aspects of personality (e.g., the extent to which a person fits into his or her group, as a salient aspect of Chinese personality). Similarly, studies in various cultural groups in South Africa suggest that Agreeableness is too narrow a trait to cover all major social aspects of personality, such as softheartedness (involving aspects such as amiability, gratefulness, and empathy) and relationship harmony (involving aspects such as accommodating, flexibility, and humbleness; Nel et al., 2012 ). These concepts were frequently mentioned in semi-structured interviews when persons from all major ethnic groups in South Africa were asked to describe persons they know well. These interviews also revealed clusters of personality descriptions that could be captured in terms of the FFM; Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Conscientiousness could be easily discerned in the data, while Openness was found both in terms of intellect and broadmindedness.