Title: Hawaiian Monarchy Overthrown; Territory of Hawaii | NVL
Headings: 
1893 — Overthrow of the Monarchy
1894 — Formation of the Republic of Hawaii
1895 — Attempted counter-revolution
1898 — Annexation by US
1900 — Territory of Hawaii begins

Content: It would be five years, however, until that goal was achieved. The plan to overtake Hawaii’s monarchy had been brewing for decades. It flared up during the reign of Queen Liliuokalani, Kalakaua’s sister who succeeded him as monarch on Jan. 29, 1891, after the king’s death. In early 1892, a secret group — the Annexation Club — was formed by Lorrin A. Thurston, a leading politician, lawyer, businessman and native-born citizen of the Kingdom. The club’s goal was to be ready to act if the queen carried out their worst fear – proposing a lenient constitution to replace the restrictive one forced on Kalakaua in 1887. That document, the Bayonet Constitution, had been authored by Thurston and it had severely limited the monarch’s power. After much agitation and maneuvering on both sides of the political fence, on Jan. 14, 1893, the queen informed her Cabinet that she intended to propose a new constitution. The Annexation Club quickly learned of her plans and formed the Committee of Safety from among its members. They were able to gain the support of the US government minister John L. Stevens and Captain G. C. Wiltse of the USS Boston, the fully armed US warship anchored in Honolulu Harbor. The queen’s Cabinet refused to support her and any new constitution she offered.