Title: 
Headings:  Maps and Map Learning in Social Studies
Research
 
and
 
Practice

Maps
 
and
 
Map
 
Learning
 
in
 
Social
 
Studies

Sarah
 
Witham
 
Bednarz,
 
Gillian
 
Acheson,
 
and
 
Robert
 
S.
 
Bednarz

Assessing
 
Students’
 
Knowledge

Teachers’
 
Goals

www.odt.org

Map
 
Learning


 
Map
 
Curriculum

An
 
Invitation
 
to
 
“Live
 
and
 
Learn
 
in
 
Historic
 
Virginia”

For
 
details,
 
call
 
(804)
 
493-8038,
 
ext.
 
1558

 
—Denis
 
Wood

Talking
 
Back
 
to
 
Maps

RESOURCES
 
FROM
 

RETHINKING
  
SCHOOLS

VISIT
 
US
 
AT
BOOTH
 
216
 
ATNCSS2006
 

IN
 
WASHINGTON,
 
D.C.

RETHINKING
 
SCHOOLS
 
MAGAZINE

THE
 
LINE
 
BETWEEN
 
US
Teaching
 
About
 
the
 
Border
and
 
Mexican
Immigration

RETHINKING
 
GLOBALIZATION

Teaching
 
for
 
Justice
 
in
 
an
 
Unjust
 
World
 

OPEN
 
MINDS
 
TO
 
EQUALITY


Sourcebook
 
of
 
Learning
 
Activities
 
to
 
Affirm
Diversity
 
and
 
Promote
 
Equity

Here
 
are
 
three
 
strategies
 
to
 
help
 
students
 
become
 
more
 
critically
 
“carto-literate”:

MAPS
 
from
 
page
 
404


Content: These
 
technologies
 
are
 
key
 
research
 
and
 
communication
 
tools
 
for
 
geographers
 
and
 
have
 
significantly
 
increased
 
inter-
est
 
in
 
geography
 
as
 
evidenced
 
by
 
rising
 
enrollments
 
in
 
university
 
undergraduate
 
and
 
graduate
 
programs.3
 
Another
 
indica-
tion
 
of
 
the
 
growing
 
importance
 
of
 
maps
 
is
 
a
 
rising
 
interest
 
among
 
geographers,
 
psychologists,
 
and
 
cognitive
 
scientists
 
in
 
spatial
 
thinking,
 
the
 
kind
 
of
 
thinking
 
that
 
underpins
 
map
 
reading
 
and
 
interpreta-
tion. Spatial
 
thinking
 
is
 
the
 
knowledge,
 
skills,
 
and
 
habits
 
of
 
mind
 
to
 
use
 
spatial
 
concepts,
 
maps
 
and
 
graphs,
 
and
 
pro-
cesses
 
of
 
reasoning
 
in
 
order
 
to
 
organize
 
and
 
solve
 
problems.4
Of
 
course
 
geospatial
 
technologies
 
and
 
their
 
products
 
are
 
available
 
to
 
students
 
and
 
faculty
 
in
 
all
 
disciplines,
 
and
 
they
 
have
 
become
 
ever
 
more
 
common
 
in
 
the
 
daily
 
lives
 
of
 
more
 
and
 
more
 
people. In
 
fact,
 
one
 
can
 
argue
 
that
 
the
 
ability
 
to
 
use
 
maps,
 
images,
 
and
 
spatial
 
technologies
 
intelligently
 
and
 
critically
 
is
 
becoming
 
a
 
requirement
 
to
 
participate
 
effectively
 
as
 
a
 
citizen
 
in
 
modern
 
society. Consider
 
these
 
four
 
developments: Travelers,
 
hikers,
 
hunters,
 
and
 
fishers
 
frequently
 
use
 
GPS
 
systems
 
to
 
find
 
their
 
locations
 
and
 
to
 
assist
 
them
 
in
 
getting
 
to
 
their
 
destination. These
 
systems
 
are
 
also
 
becoming
 
more
 
common
 
in
 
auto-
mobiles. Google,
 
the
 
most
 
popular
 
internet
 
search
 
utility,
 
now
 
offers
 
users
 
maps
 
at
 
virtually
 
any
 
scale
 
desired
 
and,
 
recently,
 
through
 
Google
 
Earth,
 
remotely
 
sensed
 
images
 
that
 
users
 
can
 
view
 
from
 
any
 
direction
 
or
 
angle. Governments
 
and
 
non-governmental
 
organizations
 
(NGOs)
 
typically
 
make
 
information
 
available
 
via
 
printed
 
and,
 
increasingly,
 
online
 
maps. For
 
example,
 
the
 
federal
 
government
 
lets
 
online
 
users
 
map
 
census
 
data; cities
 
and
 
towns
 
post
 
their
 
planning
 
and
 
land-use
 
maps
 
on
 
the
 
internet;