Title: China - The Enemies of Internet
Headings: The Internet in China
China
The Internet in China
Surveillance of the network
A government matter
The Great Firewall of China
Access to circumvention tools
Great Firewall of China now plugged in
Workarounds blocked, netizens exposed
Integrated monitoring system
TOM-Skype
Foreign companies asked to help
Collateral damage
Internal and external surveillance
Main violations in the country
Possible solutions

Content: 30
Number of netizens imprisoned: 60
In a report issued in January this year, the government’s China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) claimed a penetration rate of 42.1 percent. It says China has 564 million Internet users, of whom 277 million access the Internet via a mobile device. Although it is difficult to give an accurate number of western social networks users in China, some reports say that Facebook users have reached 63.5 million (an eight-fold increase in two years) and that Twitter users are now 35 million (a three-fold increase in three years). Estimated number of Weibo users is 504 million. A DSL connection with a data rate of one megabit costs between $10 and $20 a month, depending on the province. Surveillance of the network
A government matter
Many government departments are involved in censoring and monitoring the Web: The Internet Affairs Bureau and the Centre for the Study of Public Opinion of the State Council Information Office (effectively the government)
The Internet Bureau and the Information and Public Opinion Bureau of the Publicity Department (formerly the Propaganda Department). The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT)
The Internet Information Security Supervision of the Ministry of Public Security
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology’s Internet Illegal Information Reporting Centre
Table: Internet control bodies
The fourth and fifth of these bodies deal with issues of pornography, violence and computer fraud.