Title: Motivation and Rewards – IspatGuru
Headings: Motivation and Rewards
Motivation and Rewards
Motivation and Rewards
Fig 1 Process and type of motivation
Fig 2 Model of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Fig 3 Expectancy model for reward
Fig 4 Comprehensive model of rewards and incentives
Fig 5 Model for comprehensive reward system

Content: This type of motivation normally has an immediate and powerful effect, however it does not tend to last for long. Motivation theories try to explain why people at work behave the way they do in terms of their efforts and strive for achievement. The theories of motivation can be divided into the following two categories. Content theories – These theories of motivation are based on the needs of individuals. These theories try to explain why the needs of individuals keep changing with time and therefore focus on the specific factors which motivate them. These theories, in general, explain motivation as the product of internal drives that encourage the individual to move towards the satisfaction of his needs. Major content theories of motivation are (i) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (Fig 2) (ii) McClelland’s learned need theory and (iii) Alderfer’s ERG theory, and (iv) Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory. Process theories of motivation – These theories tries to explain how behaviour change occurs and why individuals act in different ways. These theories focus on how an individual needs influence his own behaviour. These theories originate from early cognitive theories, which state that behaviour is the result of conscious decision making processes.