Title: (PDF) The Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS)
Headings: The Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS)
The Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS)
Authors:
Sara Sanders
Abstract and Figures
Discover the world's research
The Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS):
Confirmatory Factor Analyses
with a National Sample
of Mental Health Social Workers
Laura Ting
Jodi M. Jacobson
Sara Sanders
Brian E. Bride
Donna Harrington
SUMMARY. The Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS; Bride,
Robinson, Yegidis, & Figley, 2004) is an easy to administer 17-item
Laura Ting, PhD, is Assistant Professor, University of Maryland, Baltimore County,
Department of Social Work.
Jodi M. Jacobson, PhD, is affiliated with Towson University, Family Studies Pro-
Sara Sanders, PhD, is affiliated with University of Iowa, School of Social Work.
Brian E. Bride, PhD, is affiliated with University of Georgia, School of Social
Donna Harrington, PhD, is affiliated with University of Maryland, Baltimore,
School of Social Work.
Address correspondence to: Laura Ting, PhD, Assistant Professor, University of
Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Social Work, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Balti
more, MD 21250 (E-mail: LTing@umbc.edu).
[Haworth co-indexing entry note]: “The Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (STSS): Confirmatory Factor
Analyses with a National Sample of Mental Health Social Workers.” Ting, Laura et al. Co-published simulta
neously in Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment (The Haworth Social Work Practice Press,
an imprint of The Haworth Press, Inc.) Vol. 11, No. 3/4, 2005, pp. 177-194; and: Approaches to Measuring
Human Behavior in the Social Environment (ed: William R. Nugent) The Haworth Social Work Practice
Press, an imprint of The Haworth Press, Inc., 2005, pp. 177-194. Single or multiple copies of this article are
available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service [1-800-HAWORTH, 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
(EST). E-mail address: docdelivery @haworthpress .com].
Available online at http://www.haworthpress.com/web/JHBSE
 2005 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
Citations (72)
References (39)
What Happens at Work Comes Home
Occupational-Induced Secondary Traumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Respiratory Therapists
Healing Our Protectors: Building Resilience Among Tribal Law Enforcement Officers Though Cultural Interventions Mountain Plains (HHS Region 8)
Incorporating compassion into compassion fatigue: The development of a new scale
The Mediating Role of Insomnia and Exhaustion in the Relationship between Secondary Traumatic Stress and Mental Health Complaints among Frontline Medical Staff during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Prevalence of Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) and Its Influence on the Personal Distress of Doctors in Nepal
Latent structure of secondary traumatic stress, its precursors, and effects on people working with refugees
University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Faculty of Nursing
Aggression toward teachers, interaction with school shooting media, and secondary trauma: Lockdown drills as moderator
Social Work Students in the Aftermath of the Great Flood of 2016: Mental Health, Substance Use, and Adaptive Coping

Content: With
this awareness in the field regarding the potential effects of secondary
trauma, researchers and clinicians alike have become increasingly inter
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ested in researching this topic of secondary traumatic stress. Research on the effects of secondary traumatic stress has been grow
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ing. Past research has shown that secondary traumatic stress, similar to
vicarious trauma, compassion stress, or compassion fatigue (Figley,
1999, 2002; McCann & Pearlman, 1990), appears to be prevalent among
mental health professionals. Specific estimates of trauma therapists expe
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rie nci ng post -tr aum ati c symp tom s are curr ent ly unknown; however, in
178 Approaches to Measuring Human Behavior in the Social Environment
the general population, the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disor
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der (PTSD) has been reported to be as high as 30% or more in observ
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ers and rescuers after serious accidents and disasters (Breslau, Davis,
An dre ski, & Peterson, 1991; Briere & Elliott, 2000; Bryant & Harvey,
1996; Duckworth, 1986; Figley, 1999, 2002).