Title: Thermal comfort - Wikipedia
Headings: Thermal comfort
Thermal comfort
Contents
Significance
Influencing factors
Metabolic rate
Clothing insulation
Air temperature
Mean radiant temperature
Air speed
Relative humidity
Skin wetness
Interplay of temperature and humidity
Natural ventilation
Models
PMV/PPD method
Elevated air speed method
Virtual Energy for Thermal Comfort
Standard effective temperature
Cooling Effect
Radiant temperature asymmetry
Draft
Vertical air temperature gradient
Floor surface temperature
Adaptive comfort model
Psychological Adaptation
Physiological Adaptation
Behavioral Adaptation
Specificity and sensitivity
Individual differences
Biological gender differences
Regional differences
Thermal stress
Research
Medical environments
Personal comfort systems
See also
References
Further reading

Content: The adaptive model, on the other hand, was developed based on hundreds of field studies with the idea that occupants dynamically interact with their environment. Occupants control their thermal environment by means of clothing, operable windows, fans, personal heaters, and sun shades. The PMV model can be applied to air-conditioned buildings, while the adaptive model can be applied only to buildings where no mechanical systems have been installed. There is no consensus about which comfort model should be applied for buildings that are partially air-conditioned spatially or temporally. Thermal comfort calculations in accordance with the ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55, the ISO 7730 Standard and the EN 16798-1 Standard can be freely performed with either the CBE Thermal Comfort Tool for ASHRAE 55, with the Python package pythermalcomfort and with the R package comf . Contents
1 Significance
2 Influencing factors
2.1 Metabolic rate
2.2 Clothing insulation
2.3 Air temperature
2.4 Mean radiant temperature
2.5 Air speed
2.6 Relative humidity
2.6.1 Skin wetness
2.6.2 Interplay of temperature and humidity
2.7 Natural ventilation
3 Models
3.1 PMV/PPD method
3.1.1 Elevated air speed method
3.1.2 Virtual Energy for Thermal Comfort
3.1.3 Standard effective temperature
3.1.3.1 Cooling Effect
3.1.3.2 Radiant temperature asymmetry
3.1.3.3 Draft
3.1.3.4 Vertical air temperature gradient
3.1.3.5 Floor surface temperature
3.2 Adaptive comfort model
3.2.1 Psychological Adaptation
3.2.2 Physiological Adaptation
3.2.3 Behavioral Adaptation
4 Specificity and sensitivity
4.1 Individual differences
4.2 Biological gender differences
4.3 Regional differences
5 Thermal stress
6 Research
6.1 Medical environments
6.2 Personal comfort systems
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
Significance
Satisfaction with the thermal environment is important because thermal conditions are potentially life-threatening for humans if the core body temperature reaches conditions of hyperthermia, above 37.5–38.3 °C (99.5–100.9 °F), or hypothermia below 35.0 °C (95.0 °F). Buildings modify the conditions of the external environment and reduce the effort that the human body needs to do in order to stay stable at a normal human body temperature, important for the correct functioning of human physiological processes . The Roman writer Vitruvius actually linked this purpose to the birth of Architecture. David Linden also suggests that the reason why we associate tropical beaches with paradise is because in those environments is where human bodies need to do less metabolic effort to maintain their core temperature. Temperature not only supports human life;