Title: Did New Deal Programs Help End the Great Depression? - HISTORY
Headings: Did New Deal Programs Help End the Great Depression?
Did New Deal Programs Help End the Great Depression?
Many New Deal programs established critical economic safeguards.
The modern labor movement was born out of New Deal initiatives.
But New Deal programs alone weren’t enough to end the Great Depression.
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Content: Author: Brian Dunleavy
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A New Deal WPA mural created in 1942 for the former Social Security Board Building in Washington, D.C.
VCG Wilson/Getty Images
Since the late 1930s, conventional wisdom has held that President Franklin D. Roosevelt ’s “ New Deal ” helped bring about the end of the Great Depression. The series of social and government spending programs did get millions of Americans back to work on hundreds of public projects across the country. But in the 80 years since the Great Depression was formally declared over in June of 1938, historians and economists have continued to debate the true merits of the New Deal and whether, in fact, the radical government spending programs brought about the end of the biggest economic downturn in history. Many New Deal programs established critical economic safeguards. “The reforms put in place by New Deal, including encouraging the beginning of the labor movement, which fostered wage growth and sustained the purchasing power of millions of Americans, the establishment of Social Security and the federal regulations imposed on the financial industry, as imperfect as they were, essentially ensured there wouldn’t be another Great Depression after the 1930s,” says Nelson Lichtenstein, professor of history and director of the Center for the Study of Work, Labor and Democracy at the University of California, Santa Barbara. “And there hasn’t been. We’ve had a few close calls, but nothing like the Great Depression,” he says. But, just because the United States hasn’t repeated the economic catastrophe of the Great Depression doesn’t mean the programs of the New Deal can take all the credit. Other factors were also at play—including the onset of a major world war. “