Title: Andrew Carnegie | Biography, Company, Steel, Philanthropy, Books, & Facts | Britannica
Headings: Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie
American industrialist and philanthropist
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Content: This doctrine held that a man who accumulates great wealth has a duty to use his surplus wealth for “the improvement of mankind” in philanthropic causes. A “man who dies rich dies disgraced.” Booker T. Washington, Andrew Carnegie, and others
Booker T. Washington (front row, centre left), with Andrew Carnegie and other sponsors of the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (later Tuskegee University), Alabama, 1903. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Carnegie’s own distributions of wealth came to total about $350,000,000, of which $62,000,000 went for benefactions in the British Empire and $288,000,000 for benefactions in the United States. His main “trusts,” or charitable foundations, were (1) the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland (Edinburgh), founded in 1901 and intended for the improvement and expansion of the four Scottish universities and for Scottish student financial aid, (2) the Carnegie Dunfermline Trust, founded in 1903 and intended to aid Dunfermline’s educational institutions, (3) the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust (Dunfermline), founded in 1913 and intended for various charitable purposes, including the building of libraries, theatres, child-welfare centres, and so on, (4) the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, founded in 1896 and intended to improve Pittsburgh’s cultural and educational institutions, (5) the Carnegie Institution of Washington, founded in 1902 and contributing to various areas of scientific research, (6) the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, founded in 1910 and intended to disseminate (usually through publications) information to promote peace and understanding among nations, (7) the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the largest of all Carnegie foundations, founded in 1911 and intended for “the advancement and diffusion of knowledge and understanding among the people of the United States” and, from 1917, Canada and the British colonies. The Carnegie Corporation of New York has aided colleges and universities and libraries, as well as research and training in law, economics, and medicine. Cartoon depiction of Andrew Carnegie, 1903. © Photos.com/Thinkstock
Chief among Carnegie’s writings are Triumphant Democracy (1886; rev. ed.