Title: 
Headings: 

Content: The New Deal included new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and efforts to re-inflate the economy after prices had fallen sharply. New Deal programs included both laws passed by Congressas well as presidential executive orders during the first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. The programs focused on what historians refer to as the "3 R's": relief for the unemployedand poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression.[1] The New Deal produced a political realignment, making the Democratic Partythe majority (as well as the party that held the White House for seven out of the nine presidential terms from 1933 to 1969) with its base in liberal ideas, the South, big city machinesand the newly empowered labor unions, and various ethnic groups. The Republicanswere split, with conservatives opposing the entire New Deal as hostile to business and economic growth and liberals in support. The realignment crystallized into the New Deal coalitionthat dominated presidential elections into the 1960s while the opposing conservative coalitionlargely controlled Congress in domestic affairs from 1937 to 1964. [ 2]
Contents
1Summary of First and Second New Deal programs
2Origins
2.1Economic collapse (1929–1933)
2.2Campaign
3First New Deal (1933–1934)
3.1The First 100 Days (1933)
3.1.1Fiscal policy
3.1.2Banking reform
3.1.3Monetary reform
3.1.4Securities Act of 1933
3.1.5Repeal of Prohibition
3.2Relief
3.2.1Public works
3.2.2Farm and rural programs
3.3Recovery
3.3.1NRA "Blue Eagle" campaign
3.3.2Housing sector
3.4Reform
3.4.1Trade liberalization
3.4.2Puerto Rico
4Second New Deal (1935–1936)
4.1Social Security Act
4.2Labor relations
4.3Works Progress Administration
4.4Tax policy
4.5Housing Act of 1937
5Court-packing plan and jurisprudential shift
6Recession of 1937 and recovery
7World War II and full employment
7.1Federal budget soars
7.2Wartime welfare projects
7.3Fair Employment Practices
7.4Growing equality of income
8Legacy
9Historiography and evaluation of New Deal policies
9.1Fiscal policy
9.2Race and gender
9.2.1African Americans
9.2.1.1Segregation
9.2.2Women and the New Deal
9.3Relief
9.4Recovery
9.4.1Economic growth and unemployment (1933–1941)
9.4.2Mainstream economics interpretation
9.4.2.1Keynesians: halted the collapse but lacked Keynesian deficit spending
9.4.2.2Monetarist interpretation
9.4.2.2.1Milton Friedman
9.4.2.2.2Bernanke and Parkinson: cleared the way for a natural recovery
9.4.2.3New Keynesian economics: crucial source of recovery
9.4.3Real business-cycle theory: