Title: Calcinosis cutis causes, types, signs, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment
Headings: Calcinosis cutis
Calcinosis cutis
What is calcinosis cutis
Dystrophic calcinosis cutis
Conditions that can cause dystrophic calcinosis cutis include:
Figure 1. Dystrophic calcinosis cutis
Figure 2. CREST syndrome
Figure 3. Calcinosis cutis scleroderma
Metastatic calcinosis cutis
Figure 4. Metastatic calcinosis cutis
Idiopathic calcinosis cutis
Figure 5. Scrotal calcinosis cutis
Iatrogenic calcinosis cutis
Calciphylaxis
Figure 6. Calciphylaxis
Calcinosis cutis causes
Calcinosis cutis signs and symptoms
Calcinosis cutis diagnosis
Laboratory studies
Calcinosis cutis treatment
Diltiazem
Warfarin
Bisphosphonates
Minocycline
Ceftriaxone
Aluminum Hydroxide
Probenecid
Topical Sodium Thiosulfate
Other Treatments
Surgical removal of lesions is indicated when they:
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Content: Tissue damage may be from mechanical, chemical, infectious or other factors. There is an underlying disease, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, mixed connective tissue disease, or lupus, that induces tissue damage and creates a nidus for calcification 2). Conditions that can cause dystrophic calcinosis cutis include: Trauma
Acne
Varicose veins
Infections
Tumors (pilomatrixoma, cysts, basal cell carcinomas and others)
Connective tissue disease (dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus)
Panniculitis
Inherited diseases of connective tissue (Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Werner syndrome, Pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome)
Dermatomyositis and scleroderma (especially the CREST syndrome – calcinosis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia) are the best recognized and most troublesome. Figure 1. Dystrophic calcinosis cutis
Figure 2. CREST syndrome
Figure 3. Calcinosis cutis scleroderma
Metastatic calcinosis cutis
Metastatic calcinosis cutis occurs in the setting of abnormal calcium and phosphate (phosphorus) metabolism and is often associated with hypercalcemia and/or hyperphosphatemia. Conditions that can cause metastatic calcinosis cutis include: Primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism
Bone metastases
Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia
Destructive bone disease, e.g. Paget disease
Milk-alkali syndrome
Excessive vitamin D intake
Sarcoidosis
Metastatic calcification presents with predominantly periarticular calcification in addition to signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia (e.g. abdominal pain, renal failure, cardiac arrhythmias and depression).