Title: Motivation and Rewards – IspatGuru
Headings: Motivation and Rewards
Motivation and Rewards
Motivation and Rewards
Fig 1 Process and type of motivation
Fig 2 Model of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Fig 3 Expectancy model for reward
Fig 4 Comprehensive model of rewards and incentives
Fig 5 Model for comprehensive reward system

Content: These theories, in general, explain motivation as the product of internal drives that encourage the individual to move towards the satisfaction of his needs. Major content theories of motivation are (i) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (Fig 2) (ii) McClelland’s learned need theory and (iii) Alderfer’s ERG theory, and (iv) Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory. Process theories of motivation – These theories tries to explain how behaviour change occurs and why individuals act in different ways. These theories focus on how an individual needs influence his own behaviour. These theories originate from early cognitive theories, which state that behaviour is the result of conscious decision making processes. Major process theories of motivation are (i) reinforcement theory (ii) expectancy theory (iii) equity theory and (iv) goal setting theory. Fig 2 Model of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a theory of personality which identifies five basic need categories. First category is the physiological needs which are basic human needs that are vital for survival. Examples of these needs are food, water, air and comfort. The organization provides a financial package by paying a salary and this way helps to satisfy employees’ physiological needs.