Title: DECOLONISATION OF AFRICA – SELF STUDY HISTORY
Headings: 
DECOLONISATION OF AFRICA
DECOLONISATION OF AFRICA
Decolonisation:
(1) Kenya:
Mau Mau Rebellion:
Independent Kenya (1963):
On 12 December 1964 the Republic of Kenya was proclaimed, and Jomo Kenyatta became Kenya’s first president
(2) Gold Coast / Ghana:
(3) Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia)
UDI and civil war (1965–1979):
(4) Mauritius:
(5) Tanzania:
(6) French and British Cameron:
(7) Algeria:
(8) Djibouti:
(9) Portuguese Colonies:
(10) Uganda:
(11) Burundi:
(12) Namibia:
(13) Guinea:
(14) Morocco:
(15) “Wind of Change” and “Year of Africa”:
(16) Egypt:
(17) Sudan:
(18) Libya:
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Content: The newly independent nations that emerged in the 1950s and the 1960s became an important factor in changing the balance of power within the United Nations. In 1946, there were 35 member states in the United Nations; as the newly independent nations of the “third world” joined the organization, by 1970 membership had swelled to 127. These new member states had a few characteristics in common; they were non-white, with developing economies, facing internal problems that were the result of their colonial past, which sometimes put them at odds with European countries and made them suspicious of European-style governmental structures, political ideas, and economic institutions. These countries also became vocal advocates of continuing decolonization, with the result that the UN Assembly was often ahead of the Security Council on issues of self-governance and decolonization. The new nations pushed the UN toward accepting resolutions for independence for colonial states and creating a special committee on colonialism, demonstrating that even though some nations continued to struggle for independence, in the eyes of the international community, the colonial era was ending. Decolonisation: By the 1930s, the colonial powers had cultivated, sometimes inadvertently, a small elite of leaders educated in Western universities and familiar with ideas such as self-determination. These leaders came to lead the struggles for independence, and included leading nationalists such as Jomo Kenyatta (Kenya), Kwame Nkrumah (Gold Coast, now Ghana), Julius Nyerere (Tanzania), Léopold Sédar Senghor (Senegal), and Félix Houphouët-Boigny (Côte d’Ivoire).