Title: 20 Most Popular Theories of Motivation in Psychology
Headings: 20 Most Popular Theories of Motivation in Psychology
20 Most Popular Theories of Motivation in Psychology
This Article Contains:
What is Motivation Psychology?
Theories of Motivation
Content Theories of Motivation
Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs
Alderfer’s ERG theory
McClelland’s achievement motivation theory
Immanuel Kant
Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory
Process Theories of Motivation
Reinforcement theory
Adams’ equity theory of motivation
Vroom’s expectancy theory
Locke’s goal-setting theory
Cognitive Theories of Motivation
Motivational Theories in Business
Theory X and Theory Y
Theory Z
The Hawthorne Effect
Motivational Theories in Sports Psychology
Optimal functioning hypothesis
Hull–Spence drive theory
Arousal-biased competition theory
Two memory systems theory
Processing efficiency theory
Textbooks on Motivation
1. Understanding Motivation and Emotion – Johnmarshall Reeve
2. Motivation: Theories and Principles – Robert C. Beck
3. Motivation – Lambert Deckers
4. Motivation and Emotion Evolutionary Physiological, Developmental, and Social Perspectives – Denys A. deCatanzaro
5. Motivation: A Biosocial and Cognitive Integration of Motivation and Emotion – Eva Dreikus Ferguson
6. Human Motivation – Robert E. Franken
7. The Psychology of Action: Linking Cognition and Motivation to Behavior – Peter M. Gollwitzer and John Bargh
8. Motivation and Self-Regulation ccross the Life Span – Jutta Heckhausen and Carol S. Dweck
9. Reclaiming Cognition: The Primacy of Action, Intention, and Emotion (Journal of Consciousness Studies) – Rafael Nunez and Walter J. Freeman
10. Motivation: Theory, Research, and Applications – Herbert L. Petri and John M. Govern
11. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation: The Search for Optimal Motivation and Performance – Carol Sansone and Judith M. Harackiewicz
12. Current Directions in Motivation and Emotion – Association for Psychological Science and Kennon Sheldon
13. The Psychobiology of Human Motivation (Psychology Focus) – Hugh Wagner
A Take-Home Message
References
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Content: the task itself, the competition with the self, and the competition against others. High need for achievement can come from one’s social environment and socialization influences, like parents who promote and value pursuit and standards of excellence, but it can also be developed throughout life as a need for personal growth towards complexity (Reeve, 2014). Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory
Herzberg’s two-factor theory, also known as motivation-hygiene theory, was originally intended to address employee motivation and recognized two sources of job satisfaction. He argued that motivating factors influence job satisfaction because they are based on an individual’s need for personal growth: achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, and advancement. On the other hand, hygiene factors, which represented deficiency needs, defined the job context and could make individuals unhappy with their job: company policy and administration, supervision, salary, interpersonal relationships, and working conditions. Process Theories of Motivation
Process theories like Skinner’s reinforcement theory, Victor Vroom’s ex