Title: Classical Conditioning and Social Learning - Counselling Connection
Headings: Classical Conditioning and Social Learning
Classical Conditioning and Social Learning
Classical Conditioning
Theorists
Examples
Operant Conditioning
Theorists
Examples
Social Learning
Theorists
Example
AIPC

Content: Classical Conditioning
A simple learning process whereby a neutral stimulus is able to evoke a response because it has been paired with another stimulus (that originally elicited a response). Theorists
Ivan Pavlov (1849 – 1936). Pavlov’s contributions to behaviour therapy were accidental. He was originally studying the digestive process of dogs when he discovered that associations develop when pairing a stimulus (food) that has a response (dog salivates) with a stimulus that has no response (bell). The stimulus with no response (bell) eventually develops the same response (dog salivates) as the stimuli that has the response (food). This type of learning is known as classical conditioning (Seligman, 2006). Examples
Sally feels comforted by the smell of a certain perfume. It’s the perfume her Grandma used to wear. Sally has paired the feeling of comfort she experienced around her Grandma, with the perfume she used to smell whenever they spent time together. Operant Conditioning
A learning process whereby the consequence of any given behaviour modifies the degree to which that behaviour is likely to occur (also known as instrumental conditioning).