Title: Non-Aligned Movement - Wikipedia
Headings: Non-Aligned Movement
Non-Aligned Movement
Contents
History
Origins and the Cold War
Cuba's Role
Post-Cold War
Organizational structure and membership
Policies and ideology
Current activities and positions
Criticism of US policy
Self-determination of Puerto Rico
Self-determination of Western Sahara
Sustainable development
Reforms of the UN
South–South cooperation
Cultural diversity and human rights
Summits
Chairperson
Members, observers and guests
Current members
Africa
Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
Former members
Observers
Countries
Organisations
Guests
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Content: Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement's members were actually quite closely aligned with China or the Soviet Union, the movement still persisted throughout the Cold War, even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement. In the years since the Cold War's end in 1991, it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world, especially those within the Global South . Contents
1 History
1.1 Origins and the Cold War
1.1.1 Cuba's Role
1.2 Post-Cold War
2 Organizational structure and membership
3 Policies and ideology
4 Current activities and positions
4.1 Criticism of US policy
4.2 Self-determination of Puerto Rico
4.3 Self-determination of Western Sahara
4.4 Sustainable development
4.5 Reforms of the UN
4.6 South–South cooperation
4.7 Cultural diversity and human rights
5 Summits
6 Chairperson
7 Members, observers and guests
7.1 Current members
7.1.1 Africa
7.1.2 Americas
7.1.3 Asia
7.1.4 Europe
7.1.5 Oceania
7.2 Former members
7.3 Observers
7.3.1 Countries
7.3.2 Organisations
7.4 Guests
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
History
Origins and the Cold War
Drawing on the principles agreed at the Bandung Conference in 1955, the Non-Aligned Movement as an organization was founded on the Brijuni islands in Yugoslavia in 1956 and was formalized by signing the Declaration of Brijuni on 19 July 1956. The Declaration was signed by Yugoslavia 's president, Josip Broz Tito, India's first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Egypt's second president, Gamal Abdel Nasser. One of the quotations within the Declaration is "Peace can not be achieved with separation, but with the aspiration towards collective security in global terms and expansion of freedom, as well as terminating the domination of one country over another". According to Rejaul Karim Laskar, an ideologue of the Congress party which ruled India for most part of the Cold War years, the Non-Aligned Movement arose from the desire of Jawaharlal Nehru and other leaders of the newly independent countries of the third world to guard their independence "in face of complex international situation demanding allegiance to either two warring superpowers ". The Movement advocates a middle course for states in the developing world between the Western and Eastern Blocs during the Cold War. The phrase itself was first used to represent the doctrine by Indian diplomat V. K. Krishna Menon in 1953, at the United Nations. But it soon after became the name to refer to the participants of the Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries first held in 1961. The term "non-alignment" was established in 1953 at the United Nations.