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Content: Yeast infections
Infections are usually the cause of vulvovaginitis. Common infections include bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections (vaginal candidiasis), trichomoniasis, and herpes simplex virus (HSV). Yeast infections, also called vaginal candidiasis, are caused by fungi and Candida albicans is responsible for most infections. While the vagina naturally contains a balanced mix of yeast and bacteria, this balance can be disrupted, leading to the overgrowth of yeast. This can result from antibiotic use, pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes, an impaired immune system, and taking oral contraceptives or hormone therapy that increase estrogen levels. Diagnosis and treatment
Yeast infections can be clinically diagnosed on the basis of cottage cheese-like clumpy discharge, external dysuria (burning sensation while urinating), and vulvar itching, pain, swelling, and redness. Saline microscopy, fungal culture, and DNA tests can also be helpful in the diagnosis. For mild to moderate symptoms and infrequent episodes, your doctor might recommend: Short-course vaginal therapy for 3-7 days. Antifungal medications available as creams, ointments, tablets, and suppositories include miconazole (Monistat 3) and terconazole.