Title: Gender Roles - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Headings: Gender Roles
Gender Roles
Gender Roles
Abstract
Body Image Development – Adult Men
Gender roles
Gender Role Conflict and Intersecting Identities in the Assessment and Treatment of Culturally Diverse Populations
IV Recommendations for Future Gender Role Conflict Research with Culturally Diverse Populations
Underachievement
Gender Roles
Gender and Culture
5.1 Sex Role Ideology
Sex-role Development and Education
1.3 Sociostructural Level
Integrating Gender-Related Issues into Research on Work and Family1
GENDER-ROLE ORIENTATION
Sex Role Development and Education
Gender Role Expectations, from the Education System to Work
Biosocial Construction of Sex Differences and Similarities in Behavior
5.1.2 Effects of gender identity on behavior
Perversions, Sexual (Paraphilias)
Nature and Nurture of Sexuality
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Content: individualistic, wealthier countries and collectivistic, less wealthy countries. Students from this second group of countries reported more traditional attitudes than students from the first group, and across both groups, boys reported more traditional attitudes than girls. In studies of sex role ideology, the United States has often served as a comparison group, and the beliefs of U.S. adults are generally found to be more liberal than those of adults of other nations. However, this was not the case in a 14-country study of the attitudes of university students by Williams and Best. Northern European countries (i.e., The Netherlands, Germany, Finland, and England) had the most modern ideologies, the most traditional attitudes were found in African and Asian countries (i.e., Nigeria, Pakistan, India, Japan, and Malaysia), and the United States was in the middle of the distribution. With the exception of Malaysia and Pakistan, women reported more modern attitudes than men. However, within a given country, men’s and women’s sex role ideology scores were highly similar; that is, greater differences existed between cultural groups (men and women combined) than within cultural groups (men compared to women). In cross-cultural research it is necessary to show that differences between cultural groups are related to other cultural variables before one can conclude that the differences of interest are due to cultural factors. In the 14-country study noted previously, sex role ideology scores were related to socioeconomic development, supporting the role of cultural factors.