Title: Teacher Unions - OVERVIEW, INFLUENCE ON INSTRUCTION AND OTHER EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES - Teachers, National, Nea, and Aft   - StateUniversity.com
Headings: Teacher Unions
Teacher Unions
OVERVIEW, INFLUENCE ON INSTRUCTION AND OTHER EDUCATIONAL PRACTICES
OVERVIEW
The National Education Association
The American Federation of Teachers
Union Influence
Other Teacher Groups
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Overview
Electoral Politics and Lobbying
Collective Bargaining
Peer Review
Induction
Professional Development
Performance-Based Pay
Programmatic Reform Initiatives
Dissemination of Information about Best Practice
Effect on Educational Reform
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Additional topics

Content: This organization, headquartered in Philadelphia, represents some, but not all, of the teachers in Catholic schools. The National Education Association
The National Education Association was founded in 1857 in Philadelphia as the National Teachers' Association. For the first century it grew slowly, with fewer than 2,400 members in 1900 and 330,000 as late as 1964, the point at which its most rapid growth was getting underway. By 2001 NEA membership exceeded 2.3 million in more than 13,000 local affiliate organizations. A handful of key events led to the evolution of the NEA to its characteristics at the beginning of the twenty-first century. The first was external, in the form of the victory in New York City at the beginning of the 1960s of the American Federation of Teachers local affiliate, the United Federation of Teachers, which emerged as the dominant union from what had been more than 100 groups. Subsequent AFT victories in other urban areas, plus Wisconsin's 1962 passage of the first collective bargaining law for educators, forced the NEA to begin a transformation that initially faced both internal and external problems. In 1960 the NEA assembly had rejected a resolution endorsing representative negotiations. Although this position was reversed the next year, for much of the 1960s the NEA stressed that it was an association and referred to professional negotiations, rather than collective bargaining, because of the resistance of many of its own members to identification as a union. The early 1970s saw a number of major internal changes.