Title: Gender Ideology - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Headings: Gender Ideology
Gender Ideology
Social Movements and Gender
1.3 Gender and Framing Processes
Handbook of Income Distribution
12.6.3.1.3 Social Norms: Doing Gender and Identity
Social Welfare Policies and Gender
4 Gender and Explanations of Social Welfare Policies
Migration
The Impacts of Migration on Sending and Receiving Societies
Women in Buddhism
Women in Mahāyāna Buddhism
Extensive/Intensive Methods
Definitions
Viewing 21st Century Motherhood Through a Work-Family Lens
Negotiating between Work and Motherhood
Maternal and Paternal Employment, Effects of

Content: Gender as a set of cultural beliefs and practices figures heavily into many of the identity movements that have swept the political landscape in recent years. In attempting to privilege white racial identity, the contemporary white supremacist movement not only presents a range of racial enemies but deploys gender metaphors—e.g., treating the Black male body as dangerous and animal-like and the white female body as always at risk and in need of protection—to appeal to the growing number of disillusioned white males who feel threatened by what they perceive to be the successes of social movements for gender and racial equality (Ferber 1998 ). Finally, gender symbolism and ideas about masculinity and femininity figure heavily in the modern gay and lesbian movement, which challenges the notion that women are feminine and men masculine and, further, that erotic attraction must be between two people of different sexes and genders (Gamson 1997 ). View chapter Purchase book
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URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0080430767040018
Handbook of Income Distribution
Sophie Ponthieux, Dominique Meurs, in Handbook of Income Distribution, 2015
12.6.3.1.3 Social Norms: Doing Gender and Identity
Since the widely cited article by Akerlof and Kranton (2000), using social norms to explain economic behavior has become increasingly frequent ( Davis, 2006 ). The concept of identity helps to explain behavior that may at first seem to deviate from economic rationality in the sense that individuals make choices resulting in apparently poorer outcomes than if they had made other possible (rational) choices (see Section 12.3 ). From the perspective of housework, their identity model allows for an asymmetrical relation between the share of paid work and the share of unpaid work carried out by spouses if social norms prescribe that a man should earn more than his wife—and should not do a woman's work (i.e., housework). In this framework, the cost in terms of “male identity” of earning less than one's wife (a deviation from the norm) helps to explain why lower-earner men do less housework than their wives (and conversely why higher-earning women nevertheless do more housework than their husbands).