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Content: ABA Cooper Chapter 1 Flashcards | Quizlet
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ABA Cooper Chapter 1
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Key Terms and others from chapter
Terms in this set (36)
applied behavior analysis
the application of the science of learning to socially significant human behavior
behaviorism
the philosophy of the science of behavior
determinism
a philosophical aspect of ABA that holds that behavior follows general rules and laws and does not happen randomly
empiricism
the practice of objective observation of the phenomena of interest
experiment
a type of research activity that involves changing only one component of an individuals environment (IV) to see its effect on some specified behavior (DV)
experimental analysis of behavior (EAB)
a natural science approach to he study of behavior as a subject matter in its own right founded by BF Skinner
explanatory fiction
a fictitious variable that often is simply another name for the observed behavior that contributes nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for developing or maintaining the behavior. They are the key ingredient in a "circular way of viewing the cause and effect of a situation". functional relation
exists when a well-controlled experiment reveals that a specific change in one event (DV) can reliably be produced by specific manipulations of another event (IV) and that the change in the dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of other extraneous factors (CV). hypothetical construct
a presumed but unobserved process or entity (e.g. Freud's id, ego, superego)
mentalism
an approach to explaining behavior that assumes that a mental, or "inner," dimension exists that differs from a behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this dimension either directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behaivor, if not all
methodological behaviorism
The version of behaviorism that accepts the contention that overt behavior should be psychology's subject matter but is willing to speculate about internal causes of behavior, such as various mental and physiological states
parsimony
Practice of ruling out simple, logical explanations before considering more complex explanations
philosophic doubt
an attitude that the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory and knowledge should be continually questioned. radical behaviorism
A form of behaviorism that attempts to understand all human behavior including private and public events
replication
the repetition of a study to confirm the results; essential to the scientific process
science
a systematic approach to the understanding of natural phenomena
antecedent
An environmental condition or stimulus change existing or occurring prior to a behavior of interest. Levels of science
Description, prediction, control
description
gathering facts and categorizing data
prediction
when repeated observations reveal that two events consistently co-vary with each other
control
the highest level of science; achieved when a change in the discriminating variable can be attributed to the introduction of the independent variable demonstrating a functional relationship. six attitudes of science
determinism, empiricism, experimentation, replication, parsimony, philosophic doubt
empiricism
the practice of objective observation of the phenomena of interest
determinism
behavior follows general rules and laws and does not just occur randomly
experimentation
manipulation of the independent variable to produce a change in the dependent variable
replication
the repeating of experiments to to determine the reliability and usefulness of findings
parsimony
all simple, logical, explanations for phenomena under study will be ruled out before more complex or abstract explanations are considered
philosophic doubt
continually question the truthfulness of what is regarded as fact
7 dimensions of applied behavior analysis
applied, behavioral, analytic, technological, conceptually systematic, effective,generality
applied
investigating behaviors of social significance
behavioral
precise measurement of observed behavior
analytic
refers to the experimenter's ability to demonstrate a functional relationship
technological
requires that a procedure be clearly described
conceptually systematic
requires that behavior change interventions are derived from the principles of behavior
effective
requires that the results be meaningful and improve the behavior to a practical degree
generality
requires that the intervention produces change that is durable, appears in other settings, or spreads to other behaviors.