Title: 
Headings: AFRICA BEFORE IMPERIALISM
AFRICA
 
BEFORE
 
IMPERIALISM

The
 
New
 
Imperialism


Period
 
 
known
 
 
as
 
 
“Scramble
 
 
for
 
 
Africa”

BRIT
AIN’S
 
LEAD
 
WAS
 
CHALLENGED

Political
 
Competition

Nationalism
Nationalism
 
 
a
a
 
 
Factor
Factor

IMPERIALISM
 
FOSTERED
 
RIV
ALRIES

FORCES
 
ENABLING
 
IMPERIALISM


 
External


 
Internal

Economic
 
Interests

Raw
 
Materials

Entrepreneurial
 
Colonization

Cultural
 
Motives

Cultural
 
Motives

Rule
 
Justified

Justification

Darwin

Social
 
Darwinism

Cecil
 
Rhodes

European
 
Claims
 
in
 
Africa

Scientific
 
Advances

Protection

New
 
Developments

Suez
 
Canal

No
No
 
 
Regard
Regard
 
 
for
for
 
 
Tradition
Tradition

The
 
Boer
 
War

Belgian
 
Congo

Leopold

Demand
 
for
 
Rubber

African
 
Resistance

The
 
Zulu

Ethiopia

French
 
and
 
Germans

French
 
West
 
Africa

German
 
East
 
Africa

Rebellion
 
Put
 
Down


Content: AFRICA BEFORE IMPERIALISM
AFRICA
 
BEFORE
 
IMPERIALISM

 
Many
 
different
 
ethnic/language
 
groups

 
Traditional
 
religions,
 
Islam,
 
and
 
Christianity

 
No
 
European
 
advances
 
into
 
the
 
interior

 
Africans
 
 
controlled
 
 
trade
The
 
New
 
Imperialism
European
 
countries
 
controlled
 
only
 
small
 
part
 
of
 
Africa
 
in
 
1880; but
 
by
 
1914
 
only
 
Ethiopia,
 
Liberia
 
remained
 
independent. 
European
 
powers
 
rapidly
 
divided
 
Africa
 

Period
 
 
known
 
 
as
 
 
“Scramble
 
 
for
 
 
Africa”

 
Most
 
visible
 
example
 
of
 
new
 
imperialism

 
New
 
imperialism
 
not
 
based
 
on
 
settlement
 
of
 
colonies

 
European
 
powers
 
worked
 
to
 
directly
 
govern
 
large
 
areas
 
occupied
 
by
 
non-European
 
peoples

 
Driven
 
by
 
economic
 
interests,
 
political
 
competition,
 
cultural
 
motives
BRIT
AIN’S
 
LEAD
 
WAS
 
CHALLENGED

 
In
 
the
 
mid-1800s,
 
Britain
 
was
 
the
 
most
 
powerful
 
nation
 
in
 
the
 
world. 
It’s
 
factories
 
produced
 
more
 
goods
 
than
 
those
 
of
 
any
 
other
 
country. 
The
 
British
 
Navy
 
guarded
 
the
 
oceans
 
so
 
that
 
those
 
goods
 
could
 
be
 
shipped
 
safely
 
to
 
ports
 
around
 
the
 
globe. 
British
 
 
banks
 
 
loaned
 
 
the
 
 
money
 
 
needed
 
 
to
 
 
build
 
 
factories,
 
 
mines,
 
 
and
 
 
railroads
 
 
worldwide. 
 
By
 
the
 
late
 
1800s,
 
however,
 
Germany
 
and
 
the
 
United
 
States
 
were
 
challenging
 
Britain’s
 
economic
 
leadership. 
 
Faced
 
with
 
possible
 
decline,
 
Britain
 
looked
 
increasingly
 
to
 
its
 
colonies
 
for
 
markets
 
and
 
resources. Political
 
Competition

 
 
Imperialism
 
in
 
Africa
 
reflected
 
struggles
 
for
 
power
 
in
 
Europe,
 
such
 
as
 
long-
term
 
rivalry
 
between
 
France,
 
Britain


 
 
France
 
expanded
 
control
 
over
 
West,
 
Central
 
Africa; Britain
 
began
 
to
 
expand
 
colonial
 
empire
 
to
 
block
 
French

Nationalism
Nationalism
 
 
a
a
 
 
Factor
Factor

 
 
Rise
 
of
 
Germany,
 
Italy
 
as
 
powers
 
contributed
 
to
 
the
 
new
 
imperialism


 
 
Both
 
nations
 
jumped
 
into
 
race
 
for
 
colonization
 
to
 
assert
 
status


 
 
Nationalism
 
also
 
contributed
 
to
 
rise
 
of
 
new
 
imperialism


 
 
European
 
leaders
 
believed
 
controlling
 
colonies
 
would
 
gain
 
them
 
more
 
respect
 
from
 
other
 
leaders

IMPERIALISM
 
FOSTERED
 
RIV
ALRIES

 
Other
 
countries
 
followed
 
Britain’s
 
lead
 
and
 
came
 
to
 
see
 
colonies
 
as
 
necessary
 
for
 
their
 
economic
 
well-
being.