Title: Non-alignment Movement - Political Science
Headings: Non-alignment Movement
Non-alignment Movement
Meaning of Non-Alignment:
The criteria of non-alignment determined as early as June 1961 at Cairo were:
Characteristics of Non-Alignment:
The conceptual imperatives and major features of non-alignment can be enumerated as below:
1. Averse to Military Alliances:
2. Averse to Cold War:
3. Averse to Ideological Polarization:
4. Own Path of Development:
5. Revolutionary Outlook:
6. Friendship and Equality:
7. Support to U.N.O:
8. Able Leadership:
9. Doubtful Genuineness:
10. Alignments within Non-alignment :
11. Not “Double Alignment”:
12. Growing Institutionalization:
Bases and Causes of Non-Alignment:
Negative Basis:
1. Dissolution with Military Alliances:
Positive Bases:
Non-alignment has many positive bases also Which are explained as under:
2. Ideological Basis:
3. Independent Foreign Policy:
4. Economic Basis:
5. Strengthening of U.N.O:
Growth and role of NAM:
NAM Conferences:
Summit Conferences of NAM:
Role in the 50s and 60s:
Role in the 70s:
Role in the 80s:
Role in the 90s:
Critical Evaluation of Non-Alignment:
Achievements of non-alignment and their impact on international relations are summarized as below:
1. World Peace:
2. End of Cold War:
3. End of Bipolarism:
4. End of Colonialism:
5. End of Racialism:
6. End of Military Alliances:
7. Minimized the arms race:
8. Preservation of Independence:
9. Strengthened U.N.O:
10. Universal International System:
11. More Economic Aid:
12. New Economic Order:
13. New Communication Order:
Criticism:
1. Ambiguous Concept:
2. Not a Model of Behavior:
3. Selfish Policy:
4. Opportunistic and Immoral:
5. Bloc Mentality:
6. Harsh towards West:
7. Disunity:
8. Serious Dilemma:
9 Hypocrisy:
10. Labour Union Approach:
11 . Factionalism:
12. Like Alliance System:
13. Worthless Declarations and Conferences:
14. No Results:
The relevance of Non-Alignment:
Irrelevant and Invalid :
Still Relevant and Valid:
REFERENCES:
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Content: Their involvement in the cold war was brought with gloomy prospects of their economic, social, and political development. They wanted to conserve their scarce natural and capital resources for the reconstruction of their backward economies. This could be possible only if they shunned alliances and power struggles and strived for a peaceful atmosphere. The pioneers of non-alignment were Nehru of India, Tito of Yugoslavia, Nasser of Egypt, and Sukarno of Indonesia. Later, the idea gathered so much momentum and popularity that more than half of the world embraced this concept within a period of three decades. It became 50 Significant, a movement that influenced the nature of international relations in diverse ways. Thus, non-alignment both as a foreign policy perspective of most new nations and as an international movement remained a critical factor in contemporary international relations for many years. Meaning of Non-Alignment: The term non-alignment hm a specific meaning. Many Western scholars mean by non-alignment neutrality or neutralism only, but it is not a correct interpretation.