Title: Motivation Theories: Behavior
Headings: Motivation Theories: Behavior
Principles of Management
Motivation Theories: Behavior
Equity theory
Expectancy theory
Reinforcement theory
Goal-setting theory

Content: Expectancy theory
Victor Vroom introduced one of the most widely accepted explanations of motivation. Very simply, the expectancy theory says that an employee will be motivated to exert a high level of effort when he or she believes that: Effort will lead to a good performance appraisal. A good appraisal will lead to organizational rewards. The organizational rewards will satisfy his or her personal goals. The key to the expectancy theory is an understanding of an individual's goals and the relationships between effort and performance, between performance and rewards, and finally, between the rewards and individual goal satisfaction. When an employee has a high level of expectancy and the reward is attractive, motivation is usually high. Therefore, to motivate workers, managers must strengthen workers' perceptions of their efforts as both possible and worthwhile, clarify expectations of performances, tie rewards to performances, and make sure that rewards are desirable. Reinforcement theory
The reinforcement theory, based on E. L. Thorndike's law of effect, simply looks at the relationship between behavior and its consequences. This theory focuses on modifying an employee's on‐the‐job behavior through the appropriate use of one of the following four techniques: