Title: 
Headings: Berlin Conference of 1884-1885
Berlin
 
Conference
 
of
 
1884-1885
 

European
 
nations
 
as
 
Britain,
 
France,
 
and
 
Germany.
 
No
 

Berlin
 
Conference
 

Berlin
 
Conference
 

Great
 
Britain-
 
policy
 
of
 
indirect
 
rule
 

France-policy
 
of
 
assimilation
 
(people
 
became
 
French
 
citizens)
 

Preparation
 
for
 
Independence
 

Partitioning
 
Of
 
Africa
 

A
 
Mathematical
 
Way
 
to
 
look
  
The
 
Scramble
 

Effects
 
of
 
Colonialism
 

Pan-African
 
Congress
 

Cold
 
War
 

Africa
 
becomes
 
a
 
stage
 
for
 
battle
 
for
 
world
 
domination
 
between
 
the
 
United
 
States
 
and
 
the
 
United
 
Soviet
 
Socialist
 
Republic
 


Content: Sometimes
 
they
 
divided
 
existing
 
groups
 
of
 
people. The
 
creation
 
of
 
these
 
borders
 
had
 
a
 
negative
 
impact
 
on
 
Africa’s
 
political
 
and
 
social
 
structures
 
by
 
either
 
dividing
 
groups
 
that
 
wanted
 
to
 
be
 
together
 
or
 
combining
 
ethnic
 
groups
 
that
 
were
 
enemies. Europeans
 
placed
 
colonies
 
into
 
administrative
 
districts
 
and
 
forced
 
the
 
Africans
 
to
 
go
 
along
 
with
 
their
 
demands. In
 
order
 
to
 
establish
 
their
 
indirect
 
rule,
 
Europeans
 
used
 
local
 
chiefs
 
as
 
their
 
enforcers
 
in
 
the
 
colonies. Europeans
 
also
 
tried
 
to
 
assimilate
 
Africans
 
(have
 
African
 
people
 
give
 
up
 
their
 
own
 
African
 
customs
 
and
 
adopt
 
European
 
customs). Protests
 
and
 
revolts
 
were
 
common
 
and
 
starvation
 
and
 
disease
 
became
 
widespread. Let
 
the
 
Europeans
 
eat
 
cake! Effects
 
of
 
Colonialism
 

Post
 
World
 
War
 
I
 
and
 
II
 


European
 
powers
 
were
 
in
 
state
 
of
 
recovery
  
and
 
inflation
 


Many
 
colonies
 
were
 
virtually
 
abandoned
 


Little
 
or
 
no
 
preparation
 
for
 
independence
 


No
 
infrastructure,
 
economic
 
or
 
political
 
readiness
 


Culture
 
forced
 
together
 
must
 
build
 
new
 
nations
 

 
Europeans
 
took
 
the
 
best
 
land
 
by
 
force. African
 
farmers
 
were
 
forced
 
to
 
grow
 
cash
 
crops
cocoa
 
and
 
coffee,
 
causing
 
there
 
to
 
be
 
a
 
shortage
of
 
food
 
in
 
many
 
areas
 
of
 
Africa. Africans
 
were
 
forced
 
to
 
work
 
under
 
terrible
 
conditions
 
on
 
plantations,
 
railways,
 
and
 
logging.