Title: Classical conditioning | Psychology Wiki | Fandom
Headings: Classical conditioning
Classical conditioning
Contents
Procedures
Forward conditioning
Simultaneous conditioning
Second-order and higher-order conditioning
Backward conditioning
Temporal conditioning
Zero contingency procedure
Extinction
Phenomena observed
Acquisition
Extinction
Blocking
Test
Theories
Data sources
Stimulus-substitution theory
The Rescorla–Wagner model
R–W model: acquisition
R–W model: extinction
R–W model: blocking
Theoretical issues and alternatives to the Rescorla–Wagner model
The content of learning
The role of attention in learning
Context
Comparator theory
Computational theory
Applications
Neural basis of learning and memory
Behavioral therapies
Conditioned drug response
Conditioned hunger
Conditioned emotional response
In popular culture
References
Notes
Further reading
External links

Content: Classical conditioning | Psychology Wiki | Fandom
Classical conditioning
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. Classical conditioning (also Pavlovian conditioning or respondent conditioning) is a kind of learning that occurs when a conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with an unconditioned stimulus (US). Usually, the CS is a neutral stimulus (e.g., the sound of a tuning fork), the US is biologically potent (e.g., the taste of food) and the unconditioned response (UR) to the US is an unlearned reflex response (e.g., salivation). After pairing is repeated (some learning may occur already after only one pairing), the organism exhibits a conditioned response (CR) to the CS when the CS is presented alone. The CR is usually similar to the UR (see below), but unlike the UR, it must be acquired through experience and is relatively impermanent. Classical conditioning differs from operant or instrumental conditioning, in which a behavior is strengthened or weakened, depending on its consequences (i.e., reward or punishment). A classic experiment by Pavlov exemplifies the standard procedure used in classical conditioning.