Title: Redlining - Wikipedia
Headings: Redlining
Redlining
Contents
History
Challenges
Court system
Legislative action
Community organizations
Current issues
Racial segregation in American cities
Race wealth gap
Retail
Brick and mortar
Online
Liquorlining
Financial services
Student loans
Credit cards
Banks
Insurance
Mortgages
Environmental racism
Workforce
Digital redlining
Political redlining
Redlining and Health Inequality
Strategies to reverse effects of redlining
See also
Citations
Further reading and external links
Books
Articles and websites
Lessons

Content: This directly contributed to the spatial isolation of minority communities, a reality which incurred wide ranging impacts. Physical isolation resulted in political isolation as these residentially isolated minority groups had local political needs like increased affordable, government-subsidized housing and improved access to home loans that did not overlap with white majority groups, making political alliances difficult. Spatial isolation also led to cultural and linguistic isolation as the urban underclass came to resent signs of the dominant white culture which they viewed as hypocritical. One example of this was the widening gap between black English vernacular and standard English. Left with fewer housing and employment opportunities, shrinking tax bases in these isolated areas also led to insufficient public services as well as higher violent crime rates due to concentrated poverty. Because of these dangers, strict policing in these neighborhoods was more prevalent than in white neighborhoods which resulted in more arrests and murders of unarmed civilians. Community-police relations tend to be the worst in these high-crime, concentrated poverty, spatially isolated minority neighborhoods. Neighborhoods with a high proportion of minority residents were also more likely to be redlined than other neighborhoods with similar household incomes, housing age and type, and other determinants of risk, but which contained a different racial composition. A prime example of redlining occurred in Detroit, Michigan following World War II. Maps of Detroit during this time period clearly show that black neighborhoods were segregated from other white or wealthier communities through the process of labelling neighborhoods with any black residents as “hazardous” to lenders.