Title: Free Flashcards about Exercise 38
Headings: Exercise 38
Question
Question
Exercise 38
Anatomy of the Digestive System

Content: Simple columnar (gastric) for absorption and stratified squamous (esophagus) for protection
Differentiate the colon from the large intestine
Large intestine extends from ileocecal valve to anus, but colon is part of the large intestine and divided into: Ascending, descending, and sigmoid colon
mesentery
structure that suspends the small intestine from the posterior body wall
villi
fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area for absorption
Peyer's patches
large collections of lymphoid tissue found in the submucosa of the small intestine
circular folds
deep folds of the mucosa and submucosa that extend completely or partially around the circumference of the small intestine. tongue
mobile organ that manipulates food in the mouth and initiates swallowing
pharynx
conduit for both air and food
esophagus
the "gullet"; no digestive/absorption function
rugae
folds of the gastric mucosa
microvilli
projections of the plasma membrane of a mucosal epithelial cell
ileocecal valve
valve at the junction of the small and large intestines
small intestine
primary region of food and water absorption
frenulum
membrane securing the tongue to the floor of the mouth
large intestine
absorbs water and forms feces
vestibule
area between the teeth and lip/cheeks
appendix
wormlike sac that outpockets from the cecum
stomach
initiates protein digestion
lesser omentum
structure attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach
pyloric valve
valve controlling food movement from the stomach into the duodenum
soft palate
posterosuperior boundary of the oral cavity
duodenal glands
produce (s) mucus; found in the submucosa of the small intestine
salivary glands
produce (s) a product containing amylase that begins starch breakdown in the mouth
pancreas
produce (s) many enzymes and an alkaline fluid that is secreted into the duodenum
liver
produce (s) bile that it secretes into teh duodenum via the bile duct
gastric glands
produce (s) HCI and pepsinogen
Intestinal crypts
found in the mucosa of the small intestine; produce (s) intestinal juice
Which of the salivary glands produces a secretion that is mainlhy serous? paratid gland
What is the role of the gallbladder? stores bile
Name three structures always found in the portal triad regions of the liver. hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, and bile duct
Where would you expect to find the stellate macrophages of the liver? What is their function?