Title: Cultural psychology - Wikipedia
Headings: Cultural psychology
Cultural psychology
Contents
Relationships with other branches of psychology
Importance
Need for expanded cultural research
Mutual constitution
Criticisms
Stereotyping
Faulty methodology
Methods
Cultural models
The 4 I's culture cycle
Individuals
Interactions
Institutions
Ideas
Whiting model
Culture and motivation
Self-enhancement vs. self-improvement
Culture and empathy
Cultural orientation: collectivistic and individualistic
Empathy across cultures
Intercultural and ethnocultural empathy
The Nijmegen school of cultural psychology
Research institutions
See also
References
Further reading

Content: Cultural psychology research informs several fields within psychology, including social psychology, cultural-historical psychology, developmental psychology, and cognitive psychology. However, the constructivist perspective of cultural psychology, through which cultural psychologists study thought patterns and behaviors within and across cultures, tends to clash with the universal perspectives common in most fields in psychology, which seek to qualify fundamental psychological truths that are consistent across all of humanity. Importance
Need for expanded cultural research
According to Richard Shweder, there has been repeated failure to replicate Western psychology laboratory findings in non-Western settings. Therefore, a major goal of cultural psychology is to have many and varied cultures contribute to basic psychological theories in order to correct these theories so that they become more relevant to the predictions, descriptions, and explanations of all human behaviors, not just Western ones. This goal is shared by many of the scholars who promote the indigenous psychology approach. In an attempt to show the interrelated interests of cultural and indigenous psychology, cultural psychologist Pradeep Chakkarath emphasizes that international mainstream psychology, as it has been exported to most regions of the world by the so-called West, is only one among many indigenous psychologies and therefore may not have enough intercultural expertise to claim, as it frequently does, that its theories have universal validity. Accordingly, cultural groups have diverse ways of defining emotional problems, as well as distinguishing between physical and mental distress. For example, Arthur Kleinman has shown how the notion of depression in Chinese culture has been associated with physiological problems, before becoming acknowledged more recently as an emotional concern. Furthermore, the type of therapy people pursue is influences by cultural conceptions of privacy and shame, as well as the stigmas associated with specific problems. The acronym W.E.I.R.D. describes populations that are Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic.