Title: Voter impersonation (United States) - Wikipedia
Headings: Voter impersonation (United States)
Voter impersonation (United States)
Contents
Voter ID laws
Estimates of frequency
Outdated voter registration
Reporting and investigation
Pew report (2012)
Old Dominion University study (2014)
University of California, San Diego, study (2017)
Fish v. Kobach (2018)
History
In-person voter fraud (1968-1982)
Voter fraud claims in the 2016 presidential election
Voter fraud commission (2017)
Voter fraud claims in the 2020 presidential election
References
Sources

Content: Voter impersonation (United States) - Wikipedia
Voter impersonation (United States)
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Form of electoral fraud in the United States
Voter impersonation, also sometimes called in-person voter fraud, is a form of electoral fraud in which a person who is eligible to vote in an election votes more than once, or a person who is not eligible to vote does so by voting under the name of an eligible voter. In the United States, voter ID laws have been enacted in a number of states by Republican legislatures and governors since 2010 with the purported aim of preventing voter impersonation. Existing research and evidence shows that voter impersonation is extremely rare. Between 2000 and 2014, there were only 31 documented cases of voter impersonation. There is no evidence that it has changed the result of any election. In April 2020, a voter fraud study covering 20 years by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found the level of fraud "exceedingly rare" since it occurs only in "0.00006 percent" of instances nationally, and, in one state, "0.000004 percent — about five times less likely than getting hit by lightning in the United States." Contents
1 Voter ID laws
2 Estimates of frequency
3 Outdated voter registration
4 Reporting and investigation
4.1 Pew report (2012)
4.2 Old Dominion University study (2014)
4.3 University of California, San Diego, study (2017)
4.4 Fish v. Kobach (2018)
5 History
5.1 In-person voter fraud (1968-1982)
5.2 Voter fraud claims in the 2016 presidential election
5.2.1 Voter fraud commission (2017)
5.3 Voter fraud claims in the 2020 presidential election
6 References
7 Sources
Voter ID laws
Main article: Voter identification laws in the United States
Voter ID laws target "in-person" voting fraud to deter impersonation by requiring some form of official ID. In many states, voters have other options besides "in-person" voting, such as absentee voting, or requesting an absentee ballot (which includes online voting and voting by mail). Absentee voting fraud, for example, which is more common, is not "deterred by ID laws".