Title: Marxism: Latin America | Encyclopedia.com
Headings: Marxism: Latin America
Marxism: Latin America
Marxism: Latin America
Antecedents and Origins
1929 – 1959: International Crises and the Search for Common Ground
Foquismo
The 1970s and After: New Heterodoxies
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Content: Anticipating many of Chairman Mao Tse-tung's ideas, he insisted that socialist revolution would result from a long "accumulation" of forces. Indeed, in the 1980s and 1990s the Maoist Sendero Luminoso claimed Mari á tegui as a founding ancestor, although this legacy continues to be contested vigorously by other left opposition movements and intellectuals. 1929 – 1959: International Crises and the Search for Common Ground
Despite the independence of many Latin American Marxist thinkers, international developments also continued to shape Marxist ideas in Latin America. The global economic crash of 1929 reinforced the Comintern's turn toward ultraleftism, and in many countries communist parties broke with allies in reformist unions and organizations, established rival organizations, and vigorously contested the state. The resulting repression drove many of these parties into semiclandestine status; an attempted insurrection in El Salvador ended in catastrophe, with more than ten thousand killed. In 1935 the rise of fascism prompted the Comintern to call for a "popular front" of proletarian parties and the antifascist bourgeoisie. During World War II, Latin American communist parties also abandoned their earlier anti-imperialism in favor of a broad international alliance against fascism. They also built alliances with right-wing groups and local dictators such as Batista in Cuba and Somoza in Nicaragua.