Title: Gender in Crosscultural Perspective Flashcards
Headings: 
Shared Flashcard Set
Details
Additional Anthropology Flashcards
Cards
Return to Set Details

Content: biological sex, gender identity, gender expression, and sexual orientation
Definition
Biological sex
Male, Intersexed, Female
Gender Identity
Man, third gender, two spirited, hijra, woman
Gender expression
Masculine, androgyne, feminine
Sexual orientation
Attracted to men, attracted to people, attracted to women

Term
Be able to discuss gender diversity in terms of “the big four,” transgender, transsexual, and the terms under “the umbrella” (see power point- literal umbrella). Definition
Transgender
inclusive sex/gender category including both transexuals and others who keep feminine and masculine characteristics
Transexual
a person who considers him/herself to be the gender opposite to that of his/her anatomy-some go through sex reassignment surgery. Umbrella
anyone who is either a female impersonater, inter sexed, male impersonator, transvestites, masculine woman, effinate man, transexuals, drag queens, transgenderists, crossdressers, drag kings

Term
What are some ways researchers have tried to predict gender diversity in society
Definition
Gender differientation
Indian (high), and American Indian and Polynesian Cultures (low)
Gender not determined by anatomical sex or anatomical sex is unstable, fluid and non-dichotomous
Worldwide view or cosmology
cultural concept of person

Term
Polynesian gender diversity specifically the fa’afafine
Definition
Sociocentric society: gender is a social role, not rooted in the individual
Egocentic society: having or regarding the self or the individual as the center of all things: an egocentric philosophy that ignores social causes. Traditional/cultural Fa'afafine do not approve of city fa'afafine because they seem them as too flamboyant and that they should retain some of their manhood

Term
Native American gender diversity specifically the two-spirits
Definition
Tribal Variations
Transvestism: dress, hairstyles, weapons and mannerisms
Cross gender occupations: preference and achievements in the work of the "opposite" sex and/or unique activities specific to their identities
Gender difference: distinguished from men and women in terms of temparment, dress, lifestyle, and social roles
4 hypothesis to account for two-spirited people
Accomidate homosexuality
Unable to fullfill demanding male roles
Transgender as religious phenomenon
Occupational prestige

Term
India gender diversity specifically the hijra
Definition
What aspects of Indian cosmology and belief system socially legitimize the roles of hijra
Dharma (Hindu belief/acceptance of unique life paths)
Shiva (Ardhanariswar)
– Vehicles of the divine power
of the Mother Goddess
– The god of destruction and
unparalleled anger
– Half man and half woman
Why is the transformation to become a hijra considered to be a rite o