Title: Gaius Marius - Wikipedia
Headings: Gaius Marius
Gaius Marius
Contents
Life
Early career
Subordinate to Metellus
Run for the consulship
War in Numidia
Cimbri and Teutones
As consul
Reforms to the military
Battle with the Germanic tribes
Sixth consulship
90s BC
Social War
Sulla and the First Civil War
Seventh consulship and death
Legacy
Reforms to the legions
Assemblies and foreign affairs
Political violence
Timeline
Consulships
See also
Notes
References
Books
Articles
Ancient sources
External links

Content: c. 157 BC – 13 January 86 BC) was a Roman general, politician, and statesman. Victor of the Cimbric and Jugurthine wars, he held the office of consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his important reforms of Roman armies. He set the precedent for the shift from the militia levies of the middle Republic to the professional soldiery of the late Republic; he also improved the pilum, a javelin, and made large-scale changes to the logistical structure of the Roman army. Rising from a well-off provincial Italian family in Arpinum, Marius rose to high office on his excellent record of military victories. For his victory over invading Germanic tribes in the Cimbrian War, he was dubbed "the third founder of Rome" (the first two being Romulus and Camillus ). His life and career, by breaking with many of the precedents that bound the ambitious upper class of the Roman Republic together and instituting a soldiery loyal not to the Republic but to their commanders, was highly significant in Rome's transformation from Republic to Empire. After losing a short civil war against Sulla, being exiled, returning, and then militarily seizing Rome in 87 BC, Marius became consul for the seventh time and died shortly after assuming office. Contents
1 Life
1.1 Early career
1.2 Subordinate to Metellus
1.3 Run for the consulship
1.4 War in Numidia
1.5 Cimbri and Teutones
1.5.1 As consul
1.5.2 Reforms to the military
1.5.3 Battle with the Germanic tribes
1.6 Sixth consulship
1.7 90s BC
1.8 Social War
1.9 Sulla and the First Civil War
1.10 Seventh consulship and death
2 Legacy
2.1 Reforms to the legions
2.2 Assemblies and foreign affairs
2.3 Political violence
3 Timeline
4 Consulships
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
Life
Early career
In 157 BC, Marius was born in Cereatae, a small village near the Latin town of Arpinum in southern Latium.