Title: Motivation - Basic Concepts and Theories
Headings: Motivation – Basic Concepts and Theories
Motivation – Basic Concepts and Theories
Furthermore, literature distinguishes 2 types of factors that influence motivation:
Maslows hierarchy of needs
Alderfer’s ERG Theory
McClelland’s needs
Process cognitive theory
Expectancy theory by Vroom
Reactance theory by Brehm
Equity theory by Adams
Other theories
Our book recommendations on motivation

Content: Intrinsic motivation comes from a person’s internal desire to do something. Reasons may be that a particular activity gives him or her pleasure, helps to develop a particular skill of seems to be the right thing to do in moral / ethical terms. Extrinsic motivation is generated by external factors that are less related to the particular task. Most influential is the Needs (content) Theory
All Needs theories focus on specific needs people want to satisfy. There are several theories that explain motivation as a result of these needs. The underlying concept is the belief that an unsatisfied need creates tension and a state of disequilibrium. To restore balance, a goal is identified that will satisfy the need and a behavior pathway to this goal is selected. All behavior is motivated by unsatisfied needs. People will be better motivated if their work experience satisfies their needs and wants. Needs theories distinguish between primary needs, such as food, sleep and other biological needs, and secondary psychological needs that are learned and vary by culture and by individual.