Title: Grid reference system - Wikipedia
Headings: Grid reference system
Grid reference system
Contents
Grid coordinates
Notation and conventions
Grid north
Types
See also
References

Content: The coordinates are most commonly associated with the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system (UTM), which has unique zones that cover the Earth to provide detailed referencing. Notation and conventions
Locations can be found using easting/northing (or x, y) pairs. The pair is usually represented conventionally with easting first, northing second. For example, the peak of Mount Assiniboine (at
WikiMiniAtlas
50°52′10″N 115°39′03″W
﻿ / ﻿ 50.86944°N 115.65083°W ﻿ / 50.86944; -115.65083
) in UTM Zone 11 is represented by 11U 594934 5636174. Other conventions can also be used, such as a truncated grid reference, which would shorten the example coordinates to 949-361 . Negative northing and easting values indicate a position due south and west of the origin, respectively. Usually associated with a map projection is a natural origin, e.g., at which the ellipsoid and flat map surfaces coincide. To ensure that the northing and easting coordinates on a map are not negative, map projections may set up a false origin, specified in terms of false northing and false easting values, that offset the true origin. Grid north
Grid north ( GN) is a navigational term referring to the direction northwards along the grid lines of a map projection.