Title: Genocide - Wikipedia
Headings: Genocide
Genocide
Contents
Etymology
Crime
Pre-criminalization view
International law
Intent
"Intent to destroy"
"In whole or in part"
"A national, ethnic, racial or religious group"
Acts
Killing members of the group
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group Article II (b)
Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
UN Security Council Resolution 1674
Municipal law
Criticisms of definitions
International prosecution
By ad hoc tribunals
Nuremberg Tribunal (1945–1946)
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (1993–2017)
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (1994 to present)
Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (2003 to present)
By the International Criminal Court
Darfur, Sudan
Examples
Stages, risk factors, and prevention
See also
Research
References
Further reading
Articles
Books
External links
Documents
Research institutes, advocacy groups, and other organizations

Content: The Political Instability Task Force estimated that, between 1956 and 2016, a total of 43 genocides took place, causing the death of about 50 million people. The UNHCR estimated that a further 50 million had been displaced by such episodes of violence up to 2008. The word genocide has also come to signify a value judgment as it is widely considered the epitome of human evil. Contents
1 Etymology
2 Crime
2.1 Pre-criminalization view
2.2 International law
2.3 Intent
2.3.1 "Intent to destroy"
2.3.2 "In whole or in part"
2.3.3 "A national, ethnic, racial or religious group"
2.4 Acts
2.4.1 Killing members of the group
2.4.2 Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group Article II (b)
2.4.3 Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction
2.4.4 Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group
2.4.5 Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
2.5 Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
2.6 UN Security Council Resolution 1674
2.7 Municipal law
3 Criticisms of definitions
4 International prosecution
4.1 By ad hoc tribunals
4.1.1 Nuremberg Tribunal (1945–1946)
4.1.2 International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (1993–2017)
4.1.3 International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (1994 to present)
4.1.4 Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (2003 to present)
4.2 By the International Criminal Court
4.2.1 Darfur, Sudan
5 Examples
6 Stages, risk factors, and prevention
7 See also
7.1 Research
8 References
9 Further reading
9.1 Articles
9.2 Books
10 External links
10.1 Documents
10.2 Research institutes, advocacy groups, and other organizations
Etymology
Before the term genocide was coined, there were various ways of describing such events. Some languages already had words for such killings, including German ( Völkermord, lit. ' murder of a people') and Polish ( ludobójstwo, lit. ' killing of a people or nation'). In 1941, Winston Churchill, when describing the German invasion of the Soviet Union, spoke of "a crime without a name". In 1944, Raphael Lemkin coined the term genocide (a combination of the Ancient Greek word génos (γένος, meaning "race" or "people") with the Latin caedere, "to kill") in his book Axis Rule in Occupied Europe. The book describes the implementation of Nazi policies in occupied Europe, and cites earlier mass killings.