Title: Modern architecture - Wikipedia
Headings: Modern architecture
Modern architecture
Contents
Origins
Main article: Modernism
Early modernism in Europe (1900–1914)
Early American modernism (1890s–1914)
Early skyscrapers
Rise of modernism in Europe and Russia (1918–1931)
International Style (1920s–1970s)
Bauhaus and the German Werkbund (1919–1933)
Expressionist architecture (1918–1931)
Constructivist architecture (1919–1931)
Modernism becomes a movement: CIAM (1928)
Art Deco
American Art Deco; the skyscraper style (1919–1939)
Streamline style and Public Works Administration (1933–1939)
American modernism (1919–1939)
Paris International Exposition of 1937 and the architecture of dictators
New York World's Fair (1939)
World War II: wartime innovation and postwar reconstruction (1939–1945)
Le Corbusier and the Cité Radieuse (1947–1952)
Team X and the 1953 International Congress of Modern Architecture
Postwar modernism in the United States (1945–1985)
Frank Lloyd Wright and the Guggenheim Museum
Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Richard Neutra and Charles & Ray Eames
Skidmore, Owings and Merrill and Wallace K. Harrison
Philip Johnson
Eero Saarinen
Louis Kahn
I. M. Pei
Fazlur Rahman Khan
Minoru Yamasaki
Postwar modernism in Europe (1945–1975)
Latin America
Asia and the Pacific
Africa
Preservation
See also
References
Bibliography
External links

Content: Contents
1 Origins
2 Early modernism in Europe (1900–1914)
3 Early American modernism (1890s–1914)
3.1 Early skyscrapers
4 Rise of modernism in Europe and Russia (1918–1931)
4.1 International Style (1920s–1970s)
4.2 Bauhaus and the German Werkbund (1919–1933)
4.3 Expressionist architecture (1918–1931)
4.4 Constructivist architecture (1919–1931)
4.5 Modernism becomes a movement: CIAM (1928)
5 Art Deco
5.1 American Art Deco; the skyscraper style (1919–1939)
5.2 Streamline style and Public Works Administration (1933–1939)
6 American modernism (1919–1939)
7 Paris International Exposition of 1937 and the architecture of dictators
8 New York World's Fair (1939)
9 World War II: wartime innovation and postwar reconstruction (1939–1945)
10 Le Corbusier and the Cité Radieuse (1947–1952)
11 Team X and the 1953 International Congress of Modern Architecture
12 Postwar modernism in the United States (1945–1985)
12.1 Frank Lloyd Wright and the Guggenheim Museum
12.2 Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer
12.3 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
12.4 Richard Neutra and Charles & Ray Eames
12.5 Skidmore, Owings and Merrill and Wallace K. Harrison
12.6 Philip Johnson
12.7 Eero Saarinen
12.8 Louis Kahn
12.9 I. M. Pei
12.10 Fazlur Rahman Khan
12.11 Minoru Yamasaki
13 Postwar modernism in Europe (1945–1975)
14 Latin America
15 Asia and the Pacific
16 Africa
17 Preservation
18 See also
19 References
20 Bibliography
21 External links
Origins
Main article: Modernism
The Crystal Palace (1851) was one of the first buildings to have cast plate glass windows supported by a cast-iron frame
The first house built of reinforced concrete, designed by François Coignet (1853) in Saint-Denis near Paris
The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, by William Le Baron Jenney (1884)
The Eiffel Tower being constructed (August 1887–89)
Modern architecture emerged at the end of the 19th century from revolutions in technology, engineering and building materials, and from a desire to break away from historical architectural styles and to invent something that was purely functional and new. The revolution in materials came first, with the use of cast iron, drywall plate glass, and reinforced concrete, to build structures that were stronger, lighter and taller. The cast plate glass process was invented in 1848, allowing the manufacture of very large windows. The Crystal Palace by Joseph Paxton at the Great Exhibition of 1851 was an early example of iron and plate glass construction, followed in 1864 by the first glass and metal curtain wall. These developments together led to the first steel-framed skyscraper, the ten-story Home Insurance Building in Chicago, built in 1884 by William Le Baron Jenney. The iron frame construction of the Eiffel Tower, then the tallest structure in the world, captured the imagination of millions of visitors to the 1889 Paris Universal Exposition.