Title: Vatican City | Encyclopedia.com
Headings: 
Vatican City
VATICAN CITY
MONETARY UNIT:
GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT:
BALANCE OF TRADE:
COUNTRY OVERVIEW
LOCATION AND SIZE.
POPULATION.
OVERVIEW OF ECONOMY
POLITICS, GOVERNMENT, AND TAXATION
INFRASTRUCTURE, POWER, AND COMMUNICATIONS
SERVICES
POVERTY AND WEALTH
COUNTRY HISTORY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
FUTURE TRENDS
DEPENDENCIES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Vatican City
Vatican City
Country Overview
INTRODUCTION
RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE
Major Religion
ROMAN CATHOLICISM
HISTORY
EARLY AND MODERN LEADERS
MAJOR THEOLOGIANS AND AUTHORS
HOUSES OF WORSHIP AND HOLY PLACES
WHAT IS SACRED?
HOLIDAYS AND FESTIVALS
MODE OF DRESS
DIETARY PRACTICES
RITUALS
RITES OF PASSAGE
MEMBERSHIP
SOCIAL JUSTICE
SOCIAL ASPECTS
POLITICAL IMPACT
CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES
CULTURAL IMPACT
Other Religions
Bibliography
Vatican City
Vatican City
Culture Name
Alternative Names
Orientation
History and Ethnic Relations
Urbanism, Architecture, and the Use of Space
Food and Economy
Social Stratification
Political Life
Social Welfare and Change Programs
Nongovernmental Organizations and Other Associations
Gender Roles and Statuses
Marriage, Family, and Kinship
Etiquette
Religion
Medicine and Health Care
Secular Celebrations
The Arts and Humanities
The State of the Physical and Social Sciences
Bibliography
Vatican City
Vatican City
Type of Government
Background
Government Structure
Major Events
Twenty-First Century
Vatican City State
Vatican City State
Bibliography
Vatican City State
Vatican City
Vatican City
Vatican City
Vatican City

Content: A limited number of each series is sold to private dealers and collectors who place advance orders, and the rest to religious orders and other church institutions, which, in turn, sell them on to dealers at a handsome profit. Thus, both the Holy See and the Church as a whole derive considerable gain from the trade in stamps. State expenditure relates to the maintenance of buildings and infrastructure , the financing of foreign visits made by the Pope or his emissaries, the running costs of diplomatic missions and overseas offices, financing of charities, and the publication of the state's newspaper, L'Osservatore Romano . POLITICS, GOVERNMENT, AND TAXATION
The Holy See is a monarchical-sacerdotal state, which is to say that it operates as a monarchy in which the Pope is the "king" (monarchical), with senior members of the church hierarchy, appointed by the Pope, as the governing body (sacerdotal). The Pope himself is elected from candidates worldwide by 120 members of the College of Cardinals and is the chief of state as well as head of the Church. Appointed to office for life (the Polish cardinal, Karol Wojtila, became Pope John Paul II in 1978 and was still on the throne in 2001), the Pope has supreme executive, legislative, and judicial power over both the State of the Vatican City and the universal Roman Catholic Church. Given the wide scope of the Pontiff's authority, an intricate and complex structure of official agencies has been established to administer power within carefully designed categories. This structure is commonly known as the Roman Curia and its members are appointed and granted authority by the Pope. The Holy See is recognized under international law and enters into certain international agreements, but, strictly speaking, it is not a civil state operating under civil laws, but an absolute monarchy in control of the Roman Catholic Church, ruling according to the Apostolic Constitution of 1967. It is as the Holy See rather than the State of the Vatican that the country sends and receives diplomatic representatives to and from around the world.