Title: Staphylococcus Saprophyticus - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Headings: Staphylococcus Saprophyticus
Staphylococcus Saprophyticus
Urinary Tract Infections
Bacteria
Non-Neoplastic Diseases of the Urinary Bladder
BACTERIAL CYSTITIS
Bacterial Infections
Infectious Agents
Urinary Tract Infections in Adults
Etiologic Agents
Urinary Tract Infection, Lower (Cystitis), Uncomplicated
What Not To Do:
Cystitis
Etiology
Cystitis and Urethral Syndromes
Infecting Organisms
Immuno-Biosensor
5.5 Urinary Tract Infection Diagnosis
Staphylococcal Infections
Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci
Urinary Tract Infection, Pyelonephritis, and Reflux Nephropathy
Bacterial Pathogens

Content: Infectious Diseases, 2015
Infectious Agents
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Practically split into coagulase-positive ( S. aureus) and coagulase-negative (major species include Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus capitis, Staphylococcus hemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, Staphylococcus saccharolyticus, and Staphylococcus warneri)
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Coagulase-positive staphylococci
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S. aureus is the major pathogen
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Virulence factors are numerous and include: Coagulase, hyaluronidase, lipase, enterotoxin type B, TSST-1, exfoliative toxins, alpha toxin, beta toxin, delta toxin, Panton-Valentine leukocidin
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Enterotoxin type B (gastroenteritis) and TSST-1 (toxic shock syndrome [TSS]) are both superantigens, producing symptoms via induction of severe immune response
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Exfoliative toxins A (chromosomal) and B (plasmid-borne) are responsible for staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)
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They are serine proteases, which assume an active conformation upon contact with their substrate, desmogelin-1
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Panton-Valentine leukocidin is associated with increased virulence in community strains of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and development of necrotic lesions of skin and mucous membranes as well as necrotizing pneumonia
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Composed of 2 proteins encoded by a prophage and causes pore formation in neutrophils, resulting in release of inflammatory mediators, degradative enzymes, and superoxide radicals
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Coagulase-negative staphylococci
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S. epidermidis is the major pathogen; others include S. lugdunensis, S. saprophyticus, and S. hemolyticus
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Virulence factors have been best described for S. epidermidis
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Less toxin-oriented than virulence arsenal of S. aureus ; more focused on adhesion and immune evasion
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Include numerous factors involved in biofilm formation (e.g., SdrF and SdrG), protective exopolymers such as PNAG and PGA, and many others
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URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323376778500516
Urinary Tract Infections in Adults
Thomas Hooton, in Comprehensive Clinical Nephrology (Fourth Edition), 2010
Etiologic Agents
Uncomplicated upper and lower UTI is most commonly due to E. coli (present in 70% to 95%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (present in 5% to more than 20%) ( Fig. 51.3 ). S. saprophyticus only rarely causes acute pyelonephritis. 14 Less common causes of uncomplicated UTI include other Enterobacteriaceae, such as Proteus mirabilis or Klebsiella species; enterococci; group B streptococci;