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Content: if the survivor believes that the loved one suffered; or if the survivor regards the death, or manner of death, as unfair and unjust.” That’s a pretty broad definition, and we should also add circumstances in which the survivor witnessed the death, when their own life was threatened, and when the mourner experiences multiple deaths. In addition to the nature of the death, other trauma risk factors include: Having to make medical decisions about life support, organ donation, etc
Uncertainty about whether the person has a died (ex. they are missing; information about their condition has not been disclosed)
Media attention
Limited opportunities for social support
Being blamed for the death
Prolonged court proceedings
Having a prior history trauma
What is the impact of experiencing a traumatic loss? Generally speaking, it has been shown that traumatic death, especially violent deaths, lead to increased distress. For example, a 2003 study looking at the bereavement trajectories of 173 parents who experienced the death of a child by accident, suicide, homicide, or undetermined causes found that five years after the violent death 27.5% of mothers and 12.5% of fathers met the diagnosis for PTSD. These rates were significantly higher than those in the general population.