Title: Vicarious Victimization and Related Forms of Secondary Traumatization - Criminology - Oxford Bibliographies
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by
Kelly E. Knight, Colter Ellis, Samuel T. Murphy, Heather Olson, Greer Wagner, Terra Dion, Rachel Gemar
LAST MODIFIED: 26 April 2018
DOI: 10.1093/obo/9780195396607-0242
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Content: mental, physical, and emergency healthcare providers, including doctors and nurses; teachers; and religious clergy. These providers often work with victims who have been affected by sexual assault, child maltreatment, intimate partner abuse, elder abuse, hate crimes, and other forms of violence, as well as economic crimes, public order crimes such as prostitution and drug use, accidents, natural disasters, and war and terrorism. Historically, there has been much debate over the use of certain terms and this has led to confusion and definitional inconsistences. For example, Pearlman and Mac Ian 1995 offers a definition of vicarious traumatization that focuses on the internal transformation that occurs within victim service providers, whereas Figley 1999 gives a definition of secondary traumatic stress that focuses more on the symptoms. Several other concepts, however, have stood out over time and can help provide a foundation for understanding vicarious victimization, as described in Newell, et al. 2016. Burgess, A., C. Regehr, and A. Roberts. 2013.