Title: 
Headings: The Executive Branch: Bureaucracy in a Democracy
The Executive Branch: Bureaucracy in a Democracy
Chapter Study Outline
Introduction
1. Why Bureaucracy?
2. How is the Executive Branch Organized?
3. The Problem of Bureaucratic Control
4. How Can Bureaucracy Be Reduced?
5. Conclusion

Content: 2. How is the Executive Branch Organized? How are individual departments and agencies organized? What types of departments and agencies exist? How do their functions and political environments differ? Cabinet departments, independent agencies, government corporations, and independent regulatory commissions are four different types of the operating parts of the bureaucratic whole. Departments are organized hierarchically, with a cabinet secretary at the top, several top administrators and undersecretaries beneath him or her, a specialized bureau level, and oftentimes many divisions, offices, and units within bureaus as well. “Clientele agencies” are those executive departments and agencies like, for example, the Department of Agriculture, that serve and represent particular interests in society; other examples include the Departments of Interior, Labor, and Commerce. “Agencies for the maintenance of the union” are those that, in performing essential functions like securing governmental revenue and maintaining internal and external security, keep the government going;