Title: Administrative Agency - History Of Administrative Agency, Federal Administrative Agencies, State And Local Administrative Agencies, Further Readings - President, Executive, Created, and Powers   - JRank Articles
Headings: Administrative Agency
Administrative Agency
History Of Administrative Agency, Federal Administrative Agencies, State And Local Administrative Agencies, Further Readings
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Content: Administrative Agency - History Of Administrative Agency, Federal Administrative Agencies, State And Local Administrative Agencies, Further Readings - President, Executive, Created, and Powers   - JRank Articles
Administrative Agency
History Of Administrative Agency, Federal Administrative Agencies, State And Local Administrative Agencies, Further Readings
An official governmental body empowered with the authority to direct and supervise the implementation of particular legislative acts. In addition to agency, such governmental bodies may be called commissions, corporations (e.g., FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION ), boards, departments, or divisions. Administrative agencies are created by the federal Constitution, the U.S. Congress, state legislatures, and local lawmaking bodies to manage crises, redress serious social problems, or oversee complex matters of governmental concern beyond the expertise of legislators. Although Article I, Section 1, of the federal Constitution plainly states that " [a]ll legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States," the "necessary-and-proper" clause, in the eighth section of the same article, states that Congress shall have power " [t]o make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers … in any Department or Officer thereof." With this language, many have argued that the Framers of the Constitution expected, indeed encouraged, the creation of powerful administrative agencies. This argument prevailed, and courts therefore have allowed the U.S. Congress—and other legislative bodies—to make laws that delegate limited lawmaking authority to administrative agencies. The substance of an administrative agency's powers must be intelligible, and a system of controls must be in place to limit those powers, but courts almost always find that administrative agencies meet these requirements. Administrative agency rules and regulations often have the force of law against individuals. This tendency has led many critics to charge that the creation of agencies circumvents the constitutional directive that laws are to be created by elected officials. According to these critics, administrative agencies constitute an unconstitutional, bureaucratic fourth branch of government with powers that exceed those of the three recognized branches (the legislative, executive, and judiciary).