Title: History of the Catholic Church in Mexico - Wikipedia
Headings: History of the Catholic Church in Mexico
History of the Catholic Church in Mexico
Contents
Colonial era (1521–1821)
Early period: The Spiritual Conquest 1519–1572
Power of the Spanish Crown in ecclesiastical matters
The first evangelists to the indigenous
The abandoned experiment to train Indian priests
Mendicant-produced texts for evangelization
Hospitals
Confraternities
Spanish Habsburg Era (1550–1700)
Establishment of the episcopal hierarchy and the assertion of crown control
Bishops as interim viceroys
Structure of the episcopal hierarchy
Ecclesiastical privileges
Secular or diocesan clergy's incomc
Reduction of mendicants' role
Pious endowments
Tithes
Society of Jesus in Mexico, 1572–1767
Jesuit haciendas
Jesuit resistance to the tithe
Expulsion of the Jesuits 1767
Convents
Establishments for elite creole women
For Indian noblewomen
Holy Office of the Inquisition
Crypto-Jews
Other jurisdictional transgressions
Indigenous beliefs
Devotions to holy men and women
Virgin of Guadalupe and other devotions to Mary
Devotions to Christ and pilgrimage sites
Mexican saints
Spanish Bourbon Era 1700–1821
Changes in the Church as an economic institution
Expulsion of the Jesuits 1767
Charitable Institutions
The clergy and Mexican independence 1810–1821
Post-Independence Mexico, 1821-present
Independent Mexico in the nineteenth century
The First Empire and Early Republic, 1821–1854
Liberal reform of 1833
Liberal reform (1857–1861)
The era of Porfirio Diaz (1876–1911)
The Mexican Revolution
The end of the Porfiriato
Madero, 1911–1913
Huerta, 1913-14
The Constitutionalists
Zapatistas and religion
Church-State relations, 1917–1940
1917 Mexican Constitution
Anticlericalism of Calles and violent church-state conflict 1926–1929
Catholic lay organizations
Catholic women and the church-state crisis
End of the Cristero Rebellion, 1929
Cristero saints
Impact of the War
Cárdenas, 1934-40
Government-mandated socialist education and Catholic pushback
Growth during the new Church-State modus vivendi, 1940–1980
Changing church-state relations, 1980–2000
Clampdown on liberation theology
Church push for civic culture in Chihuahua
Salinas, the Vatican, and reform of the constitution
Protestant groups and constitutional reform
Cardinal Posadas Ocampo's murder
Issues in the 21st century
Child sex abuse scandals
Priests targeted by narcotraffickers
Pope Francis visit
Falling membership
Further reading
General
Colonial Era - 1519–1821
Nineteenth century
Twentieth and Twenty-First Century
See also
References

Content: though he kept the anticlerical articles of the liberal constitution in force, he in practice allowed greater freedom of action for the Catholic Church. With Díaz's ouster in 1911 and the decade-long conflict of the Mexican Revolution, the victorious Constitutionalist faction led by Venustiano Carranza wrote the new Constitution of 1917 that strengthened the anticlerical measures in the liberal Constitution of 1857. With the presidency of Northern, anticlerical, revolutionary general Plutarco Elías Calles (1924–28), the State's enforcement of the anticlerical articles of Constitution of 1917 provoked a major crisis with violence in a number of regions of Mexico. The Cristero Rebellion (1926–29) was resolved, with the aid of diplomacy of the U.S. Ambassador to Mexico, ending the violence, but the anticlerical articles of the constitution remained. President Manuel Avila Camacho (1940–1946) came to office declaring "I am a [Catholic] believer," ( soy creyente) and Church-State relations improved though without constitutional changes. A major change came in 1992, with the presidency of Carlos Salinas de Gortari (1988–1994). In a sweeping program of reform to "modernize Mexico" that he outlined in his 1988 inaugural address, his government pushed through revisions in the Mexican Constitution, explicitly including a new legal framework that restored the Catholic Church's juridical personality. The majority of Mexicans in the twenty-first century identify themselves as being Catholic, but the growth of other religious groups such as Protestant evangelicals, Mormons, as well secularism is consistent with trends elsewhere in Latin America. The 1992 federal Act on Religious Associations and Public Worship ( Ley de Asociaciones Religiosas y Culto Público ), known in English as the Religious Associations Act or (RAA), has affected all religious groups in Mexico. Contents
1 Colonial era (1521–1821)
2 Early period: