Title: Electron DONATING and WITHDRAWING | Student Doctor Network
Headings: Electron DONATING and WITHDRAWING
Electron DONATING and WITHDRAWING
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Content: why are methyl groups activators? Last edited: Nov 30, 2009
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PiBond
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Nov 30, 2009
#12
girlspowerss said: i am very confused
you say that activating groups have lones pairs... but COOH has lone pairs but it is a deactivator? how does that make sense? why are methyl groups deactivators? Click to expand...
Carboxylic acids are deactivators because the atom directly bonded to the aromatic ring is the carbonyl carbon...there's no lone pairs on the carbon. Thus, the carbonyl group is electron withdrawing. Methyl group are activators, not deactivators, due to the inductive effect. The donate a small amount of electron density to the aromatic ring and thus make it easier to introduce new substituents.