Title: Fake news: What exactly is it – and how can you spot it?
Headings: Fake news: What exactly is it – and how can you spot it?
Fake news: What exactly is it – and how can you spot it?
The origins of fake news
How did the internet and social media change things?
Impact of Russia, the 2016 US election and Trump
So, what exactly is fake news?
Has it had an influence?
What is being done about it?
How do you spot it?

Content: In May, Jack Dorsey's tech giant labelled Mr Trump's tweets for showing manipulated media. It also limited his posts for "glorifying violence" when he tweeted "when the looting starts the shooting starts" during the Black Lives Matter protests. However, hoaxes and falsehoods have been associated with the internet since its early days, but it is only in the last three years that organised, systematic misinformation campaigns, often linked to governments, have emerged, and their effect on democracy and society scrutinised. The 2016 US election has been seen as providing a fertile breeding ground for fake news. Some credit Mr Trump's anti-establishment rhetoric and distrust of the mainstream media. Others blame widening partisanship, which meant readers were more prone to believe and share stories that fit their beliefs. The rise of social media itself has also been seen as central. Sites like Facebook are accused of creating "filter bubbles", the phenomenon of showing people things that they like or tend to agree with, and hiding those that they don't. Critics of Facebook and Twitter say the sites are purpose built for spreading misinformation, with the reach of a story dependent on its ability to go viral - something that often depends on sensationalism and emotional reactions more than truth itself. Headlines such as "Pope backs Trump", "Hillary sold weapons to ISIS", "FBI Agent Suspected in Hillary Email Leaks Found Dead" went viral on Facebook in the run up to the election, garnering thousands of shares.