Title: Motivation and Motivation Theory - levels, system, model, hierarchy, workplace, business, system, Historical development, Major content theories
Headings: MOTIVATION AND MOTIVATION THEORY
MOTIVATION AND MOTIVATION THEORY
HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
MAJOR CONTENT THEORIES
MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS.
ALDERFER'S ERG THEORY.
MOTIVATOR-HYGIENE THEORY.
MCCLELLAND'S LEARNED NEEDS THEORY.
MAJOR PROCESS THEORIES
EXPECTANCY THEORY.
EQUITY THEORY.
GOAL-SETTING THEORY.
REINFORCEMENT THEORY.
FURTHER READING:

Content: The need for power reflects a desire to  control one's environment and influence others. The need for  achievement is a desire to take responsibility, set challenging goals, and obtain performance  feedback. The main point of the learned needs theory is that when one of  these needs is strong in a person, it has the potential to motivate  behavior that leads to its satisfaction. Thus, managers should attempt to  develop an understanding of whether and to what degree their employees  have one or more of these needs, and the extent to which their jobs can be  structured to satisfy them. MAJOR PROCESS THEORIES
Process (or cognitive) theories of motivation focus on conscious human  decision processes as an explanation of motivation. The process theories  are concerned with determining how individual behavior is energized,  directed, and maintained in the specifically willed and self-directed  human cognitive processes. Process theories of motivation are based on  early cognitive theories, which posit that behavior is the result of  conscious decision-making processes. The major process theories of  motivation are expectancy theory, equity theory, goal-setting theory, and  reinforcement theory. EXPECTANCY THEORY. In the early 1960s, Victor Vroom applied concepts of behavioral research  conducted in the 1930s by Kurt Lewin and Edward Tolman directly to work  motivation.