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Content: Vicarious trauma can be described as a cumulative ‘negative transformation’ that impacts the physical and mental health of a healthcare worker, permeating all aspects of work and home life. It builds up over time, intruding on everyday life, and has the potential to drastically alter an individual’s character and belief systems (The Lookout 2017; Dragon 2019). Secondary Traumatic Stress
Secondary trauma is the development of PTSD-like symptoms without directly witnessing or having being involved in a traumatic event. In healthcare, the traumatising event of a patient can become a traumatising event for the healthcare worker (Sudden 2019). Unlike vicarious trauma, which accumulates over time, secondary trauma can occur unexpectedly and suddenly (Sudden 2019). Secondary trauma is the sometimes sudden development of PTSD-like symptoms without directly witnessing or having being involved in a traumatic event. Compassion Fatigue
Compassion fatigue is a type of indirect trauma specific to healthcare professionals, caused by the emotional ‘residue’ of working with those who have experienced trauma. It may cause emotional exhaustion and lack of empathy towards clients (Sudden 2019; AIS 2017).