Title: Evolution of Nursing Theories | Concept | Theory
Headings: Evolution of Nursing Theories
Evolution of Nursing Theories
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EVOLUTION OF NURSING
fThis session will highlight on
fH. Importance of nursing theories
fK. Common concepts in Nursing theories
f (A). Introduction: Why Theory?
f Nursing theory has been a prevalent theme
It is interesting to note that 90% of all
f (B). EVOLUTION OF NURSING
fHistorical eras in nursing
fGraduate nursing education era
Was the natural outgrowth of research era.
f. STAGES OF THEORY DEVELOPMENT IN NURSING:
Impact on theory and research
little attempt to develop theory.
Theories were borrowed from other
A negative attitude toward
Proliferation of approaches to theory
Nursing theory should be based on
f (D). Trends in theory development
Nursing process as a framework for viewing
Development of philosophies with emphasis on
f Application of theories borrowed from other
Nursing theories in the 1960s and 1970s-functional view of nursing.
Development of midrange practice-linked theory.
It is the most abstract level of knowledge. It
to the phenomena with which the are frameworks
It is a group of related concepts that propose
Is a group of related concepts that derive from the
They are least abstract level of theoretical
Grand Theories are defined as the broadest in
Understanding acquired through learning or
They are subject matter of a discipline
Is an idea or complex mental image of a
Are independent of time or place and they are
Are specific to time and place and are
It can be Verbal: Verbal model are worded
Is another term for conceptual framework or
They are theoretical statements that specify the
Is a form of reasoning that is loosely described as
Logical reasoning from general to specific.,
f (F). Overview of Theory:
The uniqueness of theories and
Kerlinger ---views theories as a set of
Theories are composed of concepts, definitions,
It is a form of reasoning from the general to
In deductive process, an abstract theoretical
It is a form of logical reasoning in
The inductive form is based on the
f (G). Definition and meaning of
Bodie and Chitty (1993) defined
f Socialization into a discipline is guided by
f (H). Importance of Nursing Theories
f4. It helps to distinguish what should form the basis
of practice by explicitly describing nursing.
f6. As medicine tries to make a move towards
adopting a more multidisciplinary approach to
f (I). The characteristics of theories
f (J). CLASSIFICATION OF NURSING
fA nursing metatheory presents the most global
fMeta theory is criticized as being limited,
fCategorization of Grand nursing theories
Interactive process models
Unitary models and
Arthian and CongerIntersystem model
Erickson,tomlin and swainModeling and Role
fMiddle range theories
f Mid-range theories provide nurses with the
f They are categorized as
f1. Factor isolating: to identify and describe a
f4.Situation producing control: to prevent
f2. Categories based on philosophical
As described by Peplau (1988), these
f3. Categories based on functions:
Descriptive theories describe, observe,
General System Theory:
f (K). Common concepts in nursing
fThe nursing metaparadigm comprises four
f (L). PROCESS OF THEORY
Always present and Age ,Height
Relate the property of
fPurpose of concepts development
determines the coherence between the theory of
fProcess of concept development
fb. Statement development: Formulation and
fc.Theory construction: Systematic
f (M). CRITERIA FOR ANALYZING
Clarity: How clear is this theory
Simplicity: It is very valued in theory
f Generality: To determine generality the
Empirical precision: Empirical precision
f Derivable consequences: If research,
f (N). APPLICATION OF THEORY IN
fHow Theory guides nursing
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Content: Application of theory in practice was
frequently underemphasized. Emphasis was placed on the
procedures used to acquire knowledge,
with over attention to the appropriateness
of methodology, the criteria for
evolution, and statistical procedure for
data analysis. Nursing theory should be based on
prior empirical studies, theoretical
literature, client reports of clinical
experience and feeling, nurse scholars
intuition or related knowledge
f (D). Trends in theory development
Conceptual models and philosophies of practice
The nature of nursing
The purposes for which nursing exist. Nursing process as a framework for viewing
nursing practice. Deliberate, reflective, critical, and self-correcting. Encouraged nurses to cultivate basic inquiry skills. Development of philosophies with emphasis on
knowledge associated with: Esthetic
Ethical
Personal
f Application of theories borrowed from other
disciplines. Means to resolve problems.