Title: Pan-africanism | Encyclopedia.com
Headings: Pan-Africanism
Pan-Africanism
PAN-AFRICANISM.
Origins and Development of Pan-Africanism
Ethiopianism.
Transnational Pan-Africanism
Pan-Africanism in the Early Twentieth Century
Marcus Garvey.
Pan-Africanist literary and cultural movements.
Pan-Africanists and communism.
Pan-Africanism in France.
Women's contributions to Pan-Africanism.
Pan-Africanism after World War II
and Postcolonialism
Pan-Arabism and Pan-Africanism.
Pan-Africanism in the Late Twentieth Century
The Future of Pan-Africanism
bibliography
PRIMARY SOURCES
SECONDARY SOURCES
Pan-Africanism
Bibliography
Pan-Africanism
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Pan-Africanism
HISTORICAL CONTEXT FOR PAN-AFRICANISM
CONTEMPORARY FORMS OF PAN-AFRICANISM
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Pan-Africanism
W. E. B. DU BOIS
MARCUS GARVEY
GEORGE PADMORE
KWAME NKRUMAH
JULIUS NYERERE
C. L. R. JAMES
WALTER RODNEY
PAN-AFRICANISM IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Pan-Africanism

Content: 1921, London, Brussels, Paris; 1923, London and Lisbon; 1927, New York; 1945, Manchester, England ). During this period the nature and tenor of Pan-Africanist cultural and political activities changed drastically. Pan-Africanism in the Early Twentieth Century
World War I brought thousands of African-Americans, Afro-Caribbeans, and Africans into contact with one another. The exigencies of war also led the imperial powers of Europe — Britain, France, and Germany — to train and employ colonial subjects in crucial industries while, as colonial combatants, many others saw firsthand the depravity that a supposedly superior European civilization had produced. Colonial soldiers also pointed to the racism implicit in being asked to fight to "make the world safe for democracy" when this world would not include them, a suspicion confirmed for many when the Allies refused to include a guarantee against racial discrimination in the League of Nations charter following the war. As a result, the interwar years witnessed an unprecedented growth in a sense of racial unity and the popularity of black internationalism. Marcus Garvey.