Calen Gaze, 17, from Gloucester, was found guilty of wounding with intent to cause grievous bodily harm, at Gloucester Crown Court last October.
His 13-year-old victim suffered a shattered cheekbone and eye socket.
Gaze, who was 15 at the time of the attack in 2015, was originally sentenced to 240 hours of unpaid work.
The Court of Appeal in London heard Gaze, from Ashcroft Close, Matson, knocked the boy down by punching him in the face, and then stamped on his head "numerous times" at a park in the Abbeymead area of the city.
The scuffle began after a row over a rugby ball between two groups of boys at a playing field in Hucclecote, the court was told.
The victim had to have emergency surgery, and titanium mesh and plates were inserted to support his eye and repair fractures to his cheekbone.
He was advised by doctors not to take part in contact sport as the mesh could sever his retina.
Lawyers acting for the Attorney General Jeremy Wright QC said Gaze's initial sentence was too light for such a serious attack.
Paul Jarvis told the court that, had Gaze been an adult, a sentence of about 12 years could have been expected.
In sentencing Gaze to four years in a young offenders' institution, Lord Justice Fulford said the offence was "so serious that neither a fine, nor a community penalty, can be justified".
The appeal court also lifted a ban on the media naming Gaze, despite him being under the age of 18.

The Championship Rams turned a one-goal half-time deficit into a 2-1 victory to book a place in the fourth round.
McClaren told BBC Radio Derby: "We told them to keep their composure We were causing them problems and controlling the game.
"How the players kept their composure and came back, credit to them."
Darren Bent and Tom Ince scored goals three minutes apart in response to Matt Phillips putting the hosts ahead in the first half.
And McClaren was keen to point out the contribution of a massive following from Derby.
"I had heard 6,000 were coming along and they were going to fill behind the goal," continued McClaren.
"We said to the players that it's a cup tie and there's 6,000 fans coming to watch, so there's a reason why we've got to fight, we've got to react and come back.
"I'm so pleased for the players, I'm so pleased for the fans and very proud of them."

Irish slipped back to the foot of the table after defeat at Sale and Newcastle's win against Harlequins.
The Exiles host 10th-placed Worcester on Sunday and could move above the Warriors with a win.
"We've already spoken about next week and what we need to do," Coventry told BBC Radio Berkshire.
"The boys have had a bit of a hurry up in the changing room. We've spoken about how disappointed we were with our second half performance (at Sale)."
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Irish conceded 26 unanswered points in the second half as Sale ran in a total of six tries at the AJ Bell Stadium.
It was the second time in their last three Premiership matches Irish failed to score any second-half points.
And following news that prop Ben Franks will be ruled out until late April with a ruptured bicep tendon, Irish have been hit by a further injury to winger Alex Lewington.
The 24-year-old is expected to be sidelined for up to six weeks following surgery on a fractured thumb.
"Injuries are a big part of the game, we have to rely pretty much on the squad that we've got," Coventry added.
"We can't lament our losses too much, we have to get on with it.
"Losing Ben and Alex is a frustration, but we'll just have to manage without out them until we can get them back on the field."
A teenager who stamped on a boy's face has been given a four-year sentence by appeal court judges after his previous sentence was deemed "unduly lenient".
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Manager Steve McClaren praised Derby County's control as they came from behind to knock Premier League West Brom out of the FA Cup.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
London Irish head coach Tom Coventry admits their meeting with fellow Premiership strugglers Worcester will be a "huge" game for his team.