The project to find influential games that deserved to be in the Hall of Fame was begun in February by The Strong - a US museum of play.
Tetris, Super Mario Bros, Pac-Man, and World of Warcraft were also chosen to feature in an exhibit of iconic games.
Angry Birds and Minecraft were nominated but did not make the final list.
The museum invited people to nominate games played on PCs, consoles, hand-held gadgets, phones or in arcades.
The winners span three decades of gaming from Pong, first released in 1972, to World of Warcraft which debuted in late 2004.
Pong was chosen because it launched the entire games industry, said the museum in a statement, revealing the six entrants in its Hall of Fame. It acknowledged that it was not the first electronic game but was the first to get "wide-scale public attention".
Other games were chosen for becoming cultural icons (Tetris), making games a mass-market phenomenon (Pac-Man) and changing the way games were made (Doom).
World of Warcraft was chosen, said the museum, because of its longevity and the way it has brought millions of players together into one game world.
The winners were whittled down from a long list of 15 that was picked by an internal panel of academics, journalists and game experts recruited by The Strong. Their decisions were based on a game's longevity, influence, geographical reach and iconic status.
The museum now plans to feature the winning games, the other nominees and many others in a permanent exhibition.
The other nine nominees included Legend of Zelda, Space Invaders, the Oregon Trail and Pokemon. Nominees for the 2016 inductees to the hall of fame are now being accepted.
Based in Rochester, New York, The Strong was founded in 1968 by Margaret Woodbury Strong a collector of toys, dolls and other play paraphernalia.

Crown said in October 18 staff had been held after a police operation believed to target its marketing activities.
Among them were three Australians, including Jason O'Connor, a senior executive in charge of attracting Chinese high-rollers.
Casino gambling, and promoting gambling abroad, are illegal in mainland China.
The cases have been referred to Shanghai's Baoshan District Court, the company said in a brief statement made to the Australian Stock Exchange.
The Australian newspaper reported that the court has set a hearing date for 26 June.
Crown Resorts, controlled by Australian billionaire James Packer, said that with the matter now before the court it would not be making further comment.

Russell Sherwood, 69, of Cilfrew, Neath, went missing while heading to Ewenny, Vale of Glamorgan, after Storm Angus hit in November.
Three days later, his body was found in the River Ogmore.
The Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC) is reviewing issues, including the force's call-handling.
Mr Sherwood was reported missing on 20 November after failing to collect his wife from work.
He was found dead on 23 November inside his Ford Focus, which had become submerged in the river.
The IPCC said it would investigate the police response to an earlier report of flooding across New Inn Road in Ewenny on the day of Mr Sherwood's disappearance.
It will also consider "whether call-handlers properly risk-assessed the information provided to them", but not Mr Sherwood's death specifically.
IPCC Commissioner for Wales Jan Williams said: "My thoughts are with the family of Mr Sherwood and all those affected by his tragic death.
"Our investigation will examine police actions prior to his disappearance and whether appropriate policies and procedures were followed.
"We have made contact with Mr Sherwood's family to explain our role and we will be keeping them updated as the investigation progresses."

The 23-year-old hit three consecutive birdies as he secured a two-shot lead over Japan's Hideki Matsuyama.
Americans William McGirt, Jimmy Walker and Ryan Moore are tied in third place with 14 under in Hawaii.
World number one Jason Day is in 13th place after a three-under 70, while Scotland's Russell Knox is seven shots off the lead with one round remaining.
"I left a lot our there. That is always a good thing because I can just go work on it and improve," Thomas said.
Pong and Doom have been inducted into the first Video Game Hall of Fame.
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Casino operator Crown Resorts says its employees who were detained in China last year have been formally charged with illegally promoting gambling.
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An investigation has been launched into South Wales Police's response to reported flooding before the death of a missing man.
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American Justin Thomas shot his third-straight 67 to take the lead on day three of the Tournament of Champions.