The Olympic bronze medallist split the strong Chinese pair of Aisen Chen, who took gold, and Qiu Bo to improve on his bronze-winning performance in Windsor, Canada a week ago.
"There are still things I have to improve, but I'm very happy with the silver medal," said 21-year-old Daley.
"It was fun to battle against Chinese divers to see who can come out on top."
He added on fina.org: "This is the last chance to compete against them before Rio. That's exciting and nice to know that going into Olympic Games I can be very close to the Chinese."
Attention now switches to the European Aquatics Championships in London next month, a key part of Daley's preparations for Rio.
"It will be a very special competition," said Daley. "I live in London, train in London. But it's going to be tough."

Caerphilly council has been accused of lacking "Christmas cheer" by the opposition Plaid Cymru group.
But council leader Keith Reynolds said it has made cuts to protect key services.
The ruling Labour group said the decision was taken "reluctantly" but it had to save £12m for 2015-16.
Plaid's Colin Mann said: "It will be really disappointing if our town centres don't have any Christmas cheer this year with the lighting cancelled."
He said the lighting was available, but there is no money to pay contractors to put up and dismantle it.
Great Britain's Tom Daley claimed silver in the men's 10m platform at the Diving World Series in Kazan, Russia.
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There will be no Christmas lights in towns around Caerphilly county this year after funding was cut.