St James' Park and West Ham United's ground were raided in April by HM Revenue and Customs as part of a Â£5m National Insurance fraud investigation.
Newcastle's managing director Lee Charnley was among several men arrested and later released without charge.
The ban remains in force until a court hearing on 22 June.
High Court judge Mr Justice Supperstone imposed the ban after lawyers for Newcastle United applied for a judicial review against HMRC.
He directed that any material retained by HMRC must be returned to the club.
He also directed that the legal action involving the Magpies, who have just secured promotion to the Premier League, must return to court on 22 June.
It is expected the club will then have to show that it has an arguable case to take to a full judicial review hearing.
No details of the grounds of the challenge were revealed during Thursday's short court hearing.
Lawyers for both the club and HMRC said they could not provide any further information.
During the raids HMRC said it had seized business records and financial records as well as computers and mobile phones.

Reyaad Khan, 21, died in an RAF drone strike targeting Islamic State militants in Syria last August.
David Cameron told MPs on Tuesday the attack was "necessary and proportionate" to protect the UK.
Ms Harman said such action outside a war zone was a "new departure" and needed to be "properly accountable".
In September, the prime minister announced that Khan and Ruhul Amin, from Aberdeen, had been killed by a UK drone strike in Syria.
MPs have since voted to authorise UK air strikes in the war-torn country.
Questioned by MPs on the Commons Liaison committee on Tuesday, Mr Cameron defended the drone attack which killed Khan and Amin as "necessary and proportionate".
He said the UK was currently engaged in an operation against a terrorist group that intends to "blow up, kill and maim our citizens".
Ms Harman, a member of the committee, told BBC Radio Wales on Wednesday she was concerned at the lack of oversight of the operation.
"If you're a member of the armed forces, you kill somebody in a military situation, that is legal and defensible and because you're in an armed conflict situation," she said.
"But where we were in Syria, where Reyaad Khan was targeted and killed, we were not actually in a war conflict situation there.
"It was just a targeted, what's called extra-judicial killing."
She added: "The idea of killing somebody in an area where the security services have targeted them and military carries out the killing, that is a new departure.
"The Americans have done it for quite a long time but we've not done it before.
"If the police kill somebody in the line of duty, here in this country, it's automatically referred to the independent police and crime commissioner, not because there's an automatic assumption they've done something wrong.
"With the taking of a life you must make absolutely sure that it was the right person, that the evidence was sufficient, that they did it in such a way that it didn't kill innocent bystanders and that has to be looked at afterwards."

The election on the 8 June is for the Westminster parliament, rather than the assembly, but parties are now in the habit of producing a distinct document for Wales.
They may include distinctive policies for Wales which can be implemented at Westminster, and may include proposal the parties for Wales' devolved policy areas.
You can find links here to detailed guides for each party - and we have listed the key pledges from each manifesto.
Read more here
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Skim-reading some of these manifestos, you might think that your vote will settle issues such as health and education in Wales.
But it will not.
Wales has a system of government where a number of things are in the hands of locally elected assembly members who sit in the Welsh Assembly in Cardiff Bay.
The last assembly election took place in 2016 and the next one is currently pegged for 2021.
Broadly, areas that are devolved include:
Things that are not devolved include foreign affairs, benefits, the armed forces, big energy projects, the Severn bridges and negotiations to leave the EU.
Having said this, the money that comes to Wales to fund locally controlled services still largely comes from Westminster.
So MPs can have an effect on the overall amount of cash that is spent at Cardiff, but it is up to ministers here to decide how to spend it.
Tax officials have been banned from examining material seized from Newcastle United's ground, following a legal challenge mounted by the club.
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Labour's former acting leader Harriet Harman has questioned whether the "extra-judicial killing" of a Cardiff jihadist can be properly justified.
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All of Wales' five main parties have published their Welsh general election manifestos.