1. Short title This Act may be cited as the United States-Israel Anti-Tunnel Cooperation Enhancement Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Israel is an international leader in developing innovative defense technologies, including pioneering efforts to map, detect, destroy, and maneuver through terror tunnels. (2) Terrorist organizations on Israel’s borders such as Hamas, Hezbollah, and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, with Iran’s help, have constructed a labyrinth of subterranean passages under the Gaza Strip and areas of southern Lebanon to improve their military capabilities as well as to attack and kidnap Israeli soldiers and civilians. (3) Since October 7, 2023, over 1,500 new terror tunnel shafts, around 350 to 450 miles long, built under hospitals, schools, and homes in Gaza have been discovered with over 5,700 entrance points. (4) In the Gaza Strip, Hamas intentionally uses civilians as human shields by placing its underground tunnel network beneath densely populated areas, connecting its terror infrastructure to schools, hospitals, and mosques. (5) Tunnels in Gaza and Lebanon are used as underground rocket manufacturing and launching sites, weapons caches, bunkers, transportation networks, and command and control centers. (6) The United States and Israeli intelligence indicate that both Hamas’ military leadership is sheltering in the subterranean tunnel network as well using it to hold innocent Israeli hostages. (7) The United States faces similar subterranean threats on the Korean Peninsula, the southern border and in various theaters in the Middle East. (8) Israel shares its anti-tunnel technology with the Departments of Defense and Homeland Security who work to advance this technology further enhancing the United States’ ability to deal with this growing threat on our own border and around the world. (9) Since October 7, 2023, there is an increased need to scale up bilateral cooperation on anti-tunneling efforts as a reflection of the complexity of the subterranean terror reality in Gaza