; (2) to deny the Islamic Republic of Iran funds to oppress and commit human rights violations against the Iranian people who are assembling peacefully to redress the Iranian regime; (3) to sanction entities that provide support to the Iranian energy sector; and (4) to counter the efforts of the Islamic Republic of Iran to finance and facilitate the participation of foreign terrorist organizations in ongoing conflicts and illicit activities in the region and beyond, which is detrimental to the national security interests of the United States. 4. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons that engage in certain transactions (a) Imposition of sanctions (1) In general On and after the date that is 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall impose the sanctions described in subsection (b) with respect to a foreign person that the President determines knowingly engaged, on or after such date of enactment, in an activity described in paragraph (2). (2) Activities described A foreign person engages in an activity described in this paragraph if the foreign person— (A) owns or operates a foreign port at which, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act, such person knowingly permits to dock a vessel— (i) that is included on the list of specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury for transporting Iranian crude oil or petroleum products; or (ii) of which the operator or owner of such vessel otherwise knowingly engages in a significant transaction involving such vessel to transport, offload, or deal in significant transactions in condensate, refined, or unrefined petroleum products, or other petrochemical products originating from the Islamic Republic of Iran; (B) owns or operates a vessel through which such owner knowingly conducts a sea-to-sea transfer involving a significant transaction of any petroleum product originating from the Islamic Republic of Iran