; (5) to establish procedures for carrying out audits under section 541(b) and permitting States to make additional allocations as provided under section 541(b)(2)(B); and (6) to establish rules for preventing fraud in the operation of this title which supplement similar rules which apply under this Act. 543. Violations and penalties (a) Civil penalty for violation of contribution and expenditure requirements If a candidate who has been certified as a participating candidate accepts a contribution or makes an expenditure that is prohibited under section 521, the Commission may assess a civil penalty against the candidate in an amount that is not more than 3 times the amount of the contribution or expenditure. Any amounts collected under this subsection shall be used to supplement the allocation made to the Commission with respect to the State in which the candidate seeks office, as described in section 541(a). (b) Repayment for improper use of payments (1) In general If the Commission determines that any payment made to a participating candidate was not used as provided for in this title or that a participating candidate has violated any of the dates for remission of funds contained in this title, the Commission shall so notify the candidate and the candidate shall pay to the Commission an amount which shall be used to supplement the allocation made to the Commission with respect to the State in which the candidate seeks office, as described in section 541(a) and which shall be equal to— (A) the amount of payments so used or not remitted, as appropriate