; (2) explore options for performance portability of optimized advanced weather model codes between the operational computing systems of the Administration and the high-performance computers of the Department; (3) advance methods to accommodate, analyze, and extract information from large data sets of weather and climate information; (4) to the maximum extent practicable, and in compliance with national security policies, promote collaboration, open community-based software development, and data sharing between Federal agencies, National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, nonprofit institutions, and other appropriate entities by providing necessary access and secure data transfer capabilities; and (5) support maintenance of and improvements to scientific computing infrastructure that the Secretary and the Administrator determine appropriate. (d) Coordination In carrying out the activities under subsection (a), the Secretary and the Administrator may— (1) carry out reimbursable agreements between the Department, the Administration, and other entities to maximize the effectiveness of research and development