; and (B) a nongovernmental entity organized or existing under, and subject to, the laws of the United States or a State. 3. Commercial Space Activity Advisory Committee (a) Establishment Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a Commercial Space Activity Advisory Committee (in this section referred to as the Committee ). (b) Membership (1) In general The Committee shall be composed of 15 members appointed by the Secretary. (2) Qualifications (A) In general The Committee shall be composed of representatives from a variety of space policy, engineering, technical, science, legal, and finance fields who have significant experience in the commercial space industry. (B) Limitation (i) In general Except as provided in clause (i), the Secretary may not appoint as a member of the Committee any employee or official of the Federal Government. (ii) Exception The Secretary may appoint as a member of the Committee a special government employee (as defined in section 202(a) of title 18, United States Code) who serves on 1 or more other Federal advisory committees. (3) Term Each individual appointed as a member of the Committee— (A) shall be appointed for a term of 4 years; and (B) during the 2-year period beginning on the date on which such term ends, may not serve as a member of the Committee. (c) Duties The duties of the Committee shall be— (1) to advise on the status and recent developments of nongovernmental space activities; (2) to provide to the Secretary and Congress recommendations on the manner in which the United States may facilitate and promote a robust and innovative commercial sector that is investing in, developing, and operating space objects; (3) to identify any challenge faced by the United States commercial sector relating to— (A) international obligations of the United States relevant to commercial space sector activities in outer space; (B) export controls that affect the commercial space sector