1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Rehabilitation and Recovery During Incarceration Act . 2. Modifying Medicaid and CHIP exclusions relating to incarcerated individuals to allow for provision of mental health and substance use services (a) Medicaid option (1) In general Section 1905(a) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1396d(a) ) is amended, in the subdivision (A) following paragraph (31), by inserting , or, at the option of the State, in the case of an eligible inmate (as defined in paragraph (4) of section 1902(nn)), with respect to mental health and substance use services described in paragraph (5) of such section before ); or . (2) Eligible inmate and mental health and substance use services defined Section 1902(nn) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1396a(nn) ) is amended— (A) in the subsection header, by inserting ; Eligible Inmate; Mental Health and Substance Use Services after Public Institution ; (B) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking and this subsection and inserting , this subsection, and the subdivision (A) following the last numbered paragraph of section 1905(a) ; and (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs: (4) Eligible inmate The term eligible inmate means an individual of any age who is an inmate of a public institution and who— (A) was determined eligible for medical assistance under the State plan immediately before becoming an inmate of such a public institution; or (B) is determined eligible for such medical assistance while an inmate of a public institution. (5) Mental health and substance use services The term mental health and substance use services means such services for the treatment of a mental health condition or substance use disorder as the Secretary shall specify by regulation. . (b) CHIP option (1) In general Section 2110(b)(7) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1397jj(b)(7) ) is amended— (A) in the paragraph header, by striking Exception and inserting Exceptions