; Whereas the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia continues to maintain an especially hostile environment toward journalists through systematic and arbitrary arrests (25 of whom are currently being detained according to Reporters Without Borders), torture and inhumane or degrading treatment, lengthy pretrial detentions, political persecution, and conditional release restrictions, which inhibit reporters and columnists from traveling or returning to their professional work postdetention, including— (1) Maha Al-Rafidi Al-Qahtani, a journalist and writer arrested in September 2019, held in solitary confinement, and physically abused while in prison; (2) Abdulrahman Farhana, a columnist detained in February 2019, charged with membership in a terrorist organization; (3) Zuhair Kutbi, a journalist jailed in January 2019, who reportedly suffers from torture, malnourishment, and denial of cancer treatment in prison; and (4) Raif Badawi, a blogger who recently completed a 10-year prison sentence on blasphemy charges, and who remains subjected to a further 10-year travel ban which prevents him from uniting with his family who received asylum in Canada; Whereas Washington Post journalist and United States resident Jamal Khashoggi was murdered in October 2018 by a team of Saudi operatives inside the Saudi Arabian consulate in Istanbul, Türkiye, and the Senate unanimously approved a resolution stating that Mr. Khashoggi’s murder was carried out at the behest of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman; Whereas a Turkish judge, likely at the behest of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, issued a ruling in March 2022 that closed the criminal trial of the perpetrators in Türkiye and transferred it to Saudi Arabia, where the case against the perpetrators was promptly dismissed, foreclosing the prospect that they will ever be held accountable