as part of Operation PBSuccess , the United States Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) planned, designed, and led a successful coup in Guatemala, overthrowing the predominantly capitalist government of President Jacobo Árbenz, coinciding in time with President Arbenz’s plans to redistribute land owned by the United Fruit Company, a prosperous United States-based fruit company which controlled 42 percent of all land in Guatemala at that time. In justification for Operation PBSuccess, the United States spuriously alleged that President Árbenz’s government had been infiltrated by anti-American communists. The CIA provided both supplies and a small fleet of combat troops for the rebellion, during which United States pilots bombed fortresses and other areas of Guatemala City. Operation PBSuccess was successful, and on June 27, 1954, President Árbenz fled Guatemala. The 1954 coup is widely viewed by historians as ushering in an unprecedented era of civil war in Guatemala that lasted until 1996 and claimed the lives of over 200,000 Guatemalans, many of which were lost in connection with various additional covert CIA operations that operated in the nation during this time period. (7) Second occupation of the Dominican Republic On April 28, 1965, the second intervention and occupation of the Dominican Republic by the United States Armed Forces, called Operation Power Pack , commenced and provided United States air and ground troops to assist future Dominican President Donal Reid Cabral’s army in the Dominican 1965 civil war. Operation Power Pack took place between 1965 and 1966, after a period of political instability and military coup following the assassination of former Dominican dictator Rafael Leónidas Trujillo in 1961. In 1962, socialist politician Juan Bosch became the elected President of the Dominican Republic before being overthrown in a separate coup in 1963. From 1963 through April 1965, a 3-man military junta of General Antonio Imbert Barrera, General Luis Amiamo Tió, and General Victor Elby Viñas Román held