; or (ii) imposed for isolated, intermittent, or continuing violations. (c) Waiver of immunity (1) In general The United States expressly waives any immunity otherwise applicable to the United States with respect to a Federal, State, interstate, or local requirement described in subsection (b)(1), including any immunity with respect to injunctive relief, an administrative order, or a civil or administrative penalty or fine described in subsection (b)(2)(B). (2) No exemption Neither the United States nor an agent, employee, or officer of the United States shall be immune or exempt from any process or sanction of any Federal or State court with respect to the enforcement of any injunctive relief described in paragraph (1). (3) No personal liability No agent, employee, or officer of the United States shall be personally liable for any civil penalty under any Federal, State, interstate, or local law regulating perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances with respect to any act or omissions that is within the scope of the official duties of the agent, employee, or officer. (4) Criminal liability An agent, employee, or officer of the United States shall be subject to any criminal sanction (including fine or imprisonment) under any Federal or State law regulating perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances, but no department, agency, or instrumentality of the Federal Government shall be subject to such a criminal sanction. (d) Exemption (1) In general Subject to paragraph (4), the President may exempt, in direct consultation with the Administrator, any department, agency, or instrumentality of the executive branch of the Federal Government from compliance with a requirement under a Federal, State, interstate, or local law regulating perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substances if the President determines that the exemption is in the paramount interest of the United States. (2) Requirements (A) Term An exemption under paragraph (1) shall be for a period of not to exceed 1 year. (B) Renewal The President may, in