; and (2) the person who violated subsection (a), (b), or (c) shall provide the consumer with a refund for all amounts paid by the consumer due to such violation. (e) Dark patterns With respect to a contract that includes a free-to-pay conversion or negative option feature or any other automatic renewal provision, a consumer's consent obtained through the use of dark patterns shall not be considered express informed consent. (f) Exemptions The requirements under subsections (a), (b), (c), and (d) shall not apply to a service contract or any other person or contract determined appropriate by the Commission. (g) Effective date The requirements under this section shall take effect on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act. 3. Enforcement by the Commission (a) Unfair or deceptive acts or practices A violation of section 2 or a rule promulgated under this Act shall be treated as a violation of a rule defining an unfair or a deceptive act or practice under section 18(a)(1)(B) of the Federal Trade Commission Act ( 15 U.S.C. 57a(a)(1)(B) ). (b) Powers of the Commission (1) In general The Commission shall enforce this Act in the same manner, by the same means, and with the same jurisdiction, powers, and duties as though all applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act ( 15 U.S.C. 41 et seq. ) were incorporated into and made a part of this Act. (2) Privileges and immunities Any person who violates section 2 or a rule promulgated under this Act shall be subject to the penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities provided in the Federal Trade Commission Act ( 15 U.S.C. 41 et seq. ). (3) Authority preserved Nothing in this Act shall be construed to limit the authority of the Commission under any other provision of law. (4) Rulemaking The Commission shall promulgate in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States Code, such rules as may be necessary to carry out this Act, or to prevent unfair or deceptive acts or practices regarding free trials, automatic