1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Protecting Families from Fertility Fraud Act of 2023 . 2. Abuse with respect to assisted reproductive technology (a) In general Chapter 109A of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 2249. Abuse with respect to assisted reproductive technology (a) Offense Whoever, in any circumstance described in subsection (b), knowingly misrepresents the nature or source of DNA used in assisted reproductive technology (including any treatment or procedure that involves the handling of human oocytes or embryos such as in vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer, and zygote intrafallopian transfer) or assisted insemination (including any procedure that involves the handling of sperm including intrauterine insemination) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 10 years, or both. (b) Circumstance described For the purposes of subsection (a), the circumstances described in this subsection are that— (1) the defendant or victim traveled in interstate or foreign commerce, or traveled using a means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce, in furtherance of or in connection with the conduct described in subsection (a); (2) the defendant used a means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce in furtherance of or in connection with the conduct described in subsection (a); (3) any payment of any kind was made, directly or indirectly, in furtherance of or in connection with the conduct described in subsection (a) using any means, channel, facility, or instrumentality of interstate or foreign commerce or in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce