Whereas 2023 marks the 190th anniversary of the March 20, 1833, signing of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the United States and the Kingdom of Thailand (formerly known as Siam), which initiated diplomatic relations between the 2 countries during the administration of President Andrew Jackson and the reign of King Rama III; Whereas Thailand was the first treaty ally of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region and remains a steadfast friend of the United States; Whereas Thailand has supported the United States through periods of both adversity and prosperity for the 2 countries; Whereas, in December 2003, the United States designated Thailand as a major non-NATO ally, which improved the security of both countries, particularly by facilitating joint counterterrorism efforts; Whereas, for more than 40 years, Thailand has been the host country of Cobra Gold, the United States Indo-Pacific Command’s annual multinational military training exercise, which is designed to ensure regional peace and promote regional security cooperation; Whereas the United States hosted the inaugural Thailand-United States Strategic and Defense Dialogue in Washington, DC, from May 9 to 10, 2022, to enhance all aspects of the United States-Thailand strategic partnership, ranging from enhancing political and security cooperation and strengthening economic partnerships, to upholding democracy and respect for human rights, deepening people-to-people ties, and promoting a peaceful and stable environment conducive to recovery from COVID–19; Whereas the President of the United States welcomed the Prime Minister of Thailand to the White House in May 2022 for the first-ever Association of Southeast Asian Nations (referred to in this preamble as ASEAN ) summit in Washington, DC, to reaffirm the importance of the enduring partnership between the United States and the nations of Southeast Asia and to discuss their shared commitment to promoting peace, security, and prosperity in the Indo-Pacific region and beyond