1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Quantum Sandbox for Near-Term Applications Act of 2023 . 2. Findings Congress finds as follows: (1) The National Quantum Initiative and its ongoing activities explore and promote Quantum Information Science. (2) Continual innovation by the quantum industry of the United States is critically important. (3) Quantum and quantum-hybrid applications have the ability to provide innovative solutions for near-term use cases across a variety of public and private sector challenges. (4) Many quantum computers are available via the cloud and through a dedicated near-term quantum application acceleration program that is inclusive of the wide variety of quantum computing technologies will break down barriers to access quantum computing hardware systems. (5) Business and consumers of the United States will be able to see benefits of the innovation through a program focusing on near-term use of the technology. (6) Quantum information science is a foundational technology that is transforming the economy of the 21st century. (7) Robust leadership in quantum research and near-term development will have a great impact on the economic security of the United States. (8) Unrivaled excellence in workforce development is key in developing next generation leaders in quantum applications. 3. Public-private partnership for quantum application development acceleration (a) In general Title IV of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: 405. Public-private partnership for quantum application development acceleration (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Quantum applications The term quantum applications means algorithms and applications which use quantum mechanics through quantum processing units. These applications include quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum sensing, and quantum-hybrid applications which are applications that use both quantum computing and classical computing hardware systems. (2) Quantum sandbox The