Whereas illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing (referred to in this preamble as IUU fishing ), which are defined in paragraphs 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 of the 2001 Food and Agriculture Organization International Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter, and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing, includes fishing activities that— (1) are in violation of applicable national, regional, or international laws, regulations, or obligations; (2) are not reported or misreported to relevant authorities; and (3) occur in areas or for fishing stocks for which there are no applicable conservation or management measures; Whereas in 2020, the United States Coast Guard declared that IUU fishing has replaced piracy as the leading global maritime security threat; Whereas the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has expressed serious concerns about the fishing industry’s vulnerability to several forms of transnational organized crime, including trafficking in persons, money laundering, and smuggling of drugs and weapons, which are often linked to IUU fishing; Whereas, according to the International Labor Organization's 2022 Global Estimates of Modern Slavery, approximately 128,000 fishers are subjected to forced labor aboard fishing vessels around the world in conditions characterized by extreme isolation, hazardous working and living conditions, and gaps in regulatory oversight, and IUU fishing is closely linked to these and other forms of human trafficking; Whereas IUU fishing threatens biodiversity and marine ecosystems, increases the risk of food insecurity, and creates unfair competition in the marketplace for lawful seafood industries; Whereas approximately 600,000,000 people worldwide are partially dependent on fisheries and aquaculture for their lives and livelihoods, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration reports that IUU fishing deprives law-abiding fishermen and coastal communities of up to $23,000,000,000 in seafood products annually