; (2) during such 3-year period, the individual has been physically present in the United States for 1 or more periods totaling not less than 18 months; and (3) the individual who has resided within the State or within the district of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services in which the individual filed the application for not less than 90 days. . (3) Qualified noncitizen Section 431(b) of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 ( 8 U.S.C. 1641(b) ) is amended— (A) in paragraph (7), by striking , or and inserting a comma; (B) in paragraph (8), by striking the period at the end and inserting , or ; and (C) by adding at the end the following: (9) a noncitizen in stateless protected status under section 245B of the Immigration and Nationality Act. . 4. Programs to prevent statelessness Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of State shall jointly engage in and support activities and efforts aimed at preventing and reducing statelessness, which may include— (1) conducting an assessment of United States citizenship law to determine and propose amendments to any provision of law that results in statelessness or a delayed acquisition of nationality that increases the risk of statelessness; (2) conducting studies on the profiles and number of stateless people living in the United States; (3) implementing programs— (A) to promote inclusive and nondiscriminatory nationality laws and practices in other countries, with particular attention to the prevention of human rights violations and atrocity crimes; and (B) to encourage other countries to establish stateless status determination and protection legislation