; and (ii) the Secretary of Agriculture for forest service lands. (2) In general The Secretary concerned shall regulate all surface-disturbing activities conducted pursuant to any lease issued under this Act, and shall determine reclamation and other actions as required in the interest of conservation of surface resources. (3) Reclamation plans required (A) Analysis and approval required No permit to drill on an oil and gas lease issued under this Act may be granted without the analysis and approval by the Secretary concerned of both an interim reclamation plan and a final reclamation plan covering proposed surface-disturbing activities within the lease area. (B) Plans of operations All Federal plans or permits submitted pursuant to this Act with the potential to create surface disturbance shall include an Interim and Final Reclamation Plan. (C) Secretarial Review The Secretary concerned shall review each Interim Reclamation Plan at regular intervals and shall require such plans to be amended as warranted, subject to the approval of such Secretary. (4) Bonding (A) In general (i) Regulation Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Bonding Reform and Taxpayer Protection Act of 2023 , the Secretary concerned shall, by regulation, require that an adequate bond, surety, or other financial arrangement be established prior to the commencement of surface-disturbing activities on any lease under this Act. (ii) Amount of bond In determining the adequacy of a bond, surety, or other financial instrument required by regulation under clause (i), the Secretary shall find that such arrangement is adequate if it is not less than the greater of— (I) the amount necessary for— (aa) the complete and timely reclamation of the lease tract; (bb) the restoration of any lands or surface waters adversely affected by lease operations after the abandonment or cessation of oil and gas operations on the lease