1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Trees for Residential Energy and Economic Savings Act of 2023 or the TREES Act of 2023 . 2. Tree planting grant program (a) Establishment Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a program under which the Secretary may award grants to eligible entities to facilitate covered projects in accordance with this section. (b) Consultation In carrying out the Program, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Forest Service. (c) Applications To receive a grant under the Program, an eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such form, and containing such information as the Secretary may require, including the following: (1) A description of how the proposed covered project will reduce residential energy consumption. (2) An estimate of the expected reduction in residential energy consumption to be achieved by the covered project. (3) A description of the total eligible costs of the project and other sources of funding for the covered project. (4) A description of anticipated community engagement in the covered project. (5) A description of the tree species to be planted under the covered project and the suitability of such species to the local environment. (d) Priority In awarding grants under the Program, the Secretary shall give priority to covered projects that— (1) provide the largest potential reduction in residential energy consumption for households with a high energy burden; (2) provide maximum amounts of— (A) shade during periods when residences are exposed to the most sun intensity; and (B) wind protection during periods when residences are exposed to the most wind intensity; (3) are located in a neighborhood with a low percentage of tree canopy cover; (4) are located in a neighborhood with a high percentage of senior citizens or children; (5) are located in an area where the average annual income is below the regional median