; (2) to help address harm to individuals significantly exposed to PFAS by— (A) codifying that harm as an injury at law and equity; and (B) shifting the costs of medical monitoring from those individuals to the parties responsible for the exposure; and (3) to provide incentives for industry to fund PFAS safety research. 4. Cause of action and remedies (a) In general The Toxic Substances Control Act is amended by inserting after section 24 ( 15 U.S.C. 2623 ) the following: 25. Individuals exposed to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (a) Definition of PFAS In this section, the term PFAS means a perfluoroalkyl or polyfluoroalkyl substance with at least 1 fully fluorinated carbon atom. (b) Cause of action An individual who is significantly exposed to PFAS or has reasonable grounds to suspect that the individual was significantly exposed to PFAS may bring a claim, individually or on behalf of a class of similarly situated individuals, in any district court of the United States for appropriate legal and equitable relief against any person that— (1) engaged in any portion of a manufacturing process that created the PFAS to which the individual was significantly exposed, including any telomer, fluorosurfactant, or toll manufacturing process leading to the creation of the PFAS to which the individual was significantly exposed; and (2) foresaw or reasonably should have foreseen that the creation or use of PFAS would result in human exposure to PFAS. (c) Medical monitoring (1) In general A court may award medical monitoring to an individual or class of individuals bringing a claim under subsection (b) if— (A) the individual or class has been significantly exposed to PFAS; (B) as a result of that exposure, the individual or class has suffered an increased risk of developing a disease associated with exposure to PFAS