; and (C) any private company headquartered in the United States that receives Federal financial assistance. (3) Federal financial assistance The term Federal financial assistance has the meaning given the term in section 200.1 of title 2, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations). (4) Military-civil fusion strategy The term military-civil fusion strategy means the strategy of the Chinese Communist Party aiming to mobilize non-military resources and expertise for military application, including the development of technology, improvements in logistics, and other uses by the People’s Liberation Army. (b) Prohibitions (1) In general No covered entity may engage with a Chinese entity of concern in any scientific research or technical exchange that has a direct bearing on, or the potential for dual use in, the development of technologies that the Chinese Communist Party has identified as a priority of its national strategy of military-civil fusion and that are listed on the website under subsection (c)(1)(A). (2) Private partnerships No covered entity described in subsection (a)(2)(C) may form a partnership or joint venture with another such covered entity for the purpose of engaging in any scientific research or technical exchange described in paragraph (1). (c) Website (1) In general The Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the Director of National Intelligence, the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of Commerce, shall establish, and periodically update not less than twice a year, a website that includes— (A) a list of the specific areas of scientific research or technical exchange for which the prohibitions under subsection (b) apply, which shall initially include some or all aspects of the fields of quantum computing, photonics and lasers, robotics, big data analytics, semiconductors, new and advanced materials, biotechnology (including synthetic biology and