; and (D) anything else that the Secretary determines appropriate. (5) Knowingly The term knowingly with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (6) Secretary The term Secretary means the Secretary of the Treasury. (7) United states financial institution The term United States financial institution has the meaning given the term U.S. financial institution under section 561.309 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations. S Iran-China Energy Sanctions Act of 2023 1. Short title This division may be cited as the Iran-China Energy Sanctions Act of 2023 . 2. Sanctions on foreign financial institutions with respect to the purchase of petroleum products and unmanned aerial vehicles from Iran Section 1245(d) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 ( 22 U.S.C. 8513a(d) ) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph (6); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following new paragraph: (5) Applicability of sanctions with respect to chinese financial institutions (A) In general For the purpose of paragraph (1)(A), a significant financial transaction shall include, based on relevant facts and circumstances, any transaction— (i) by a Chinese financial institution (without regard to the size, number, frequency, or nature of the transaction) involving the purchase of petroleum or petroleum products from Iran; and (ii) by a foreign financial institution (without regard to the size, number, frequency, or nature of the transaction) involving the purchase of Iranian unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), UAV parts, or related systems. (B) Determination required Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this paragraph and every year thereafter for 5 years, the President shall— (i) determine whether any— (I) Chinese financial institution has engaged in a significant financial transaction as described in paragraph (1)(A)(i)