; and (B) need not allege facts tending to exclude the possibility of independent action to plausibly plead the existence of a contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy under sections 1 and 3(a) of the Sherman Act; and (2) a claimant— (A) demonstrates a genuine dispute of material fact that a defending party entered a contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy under sections 1 and 3(a) of the Sherman Act by offering evidence, which may be direct or circumstantial, that is sufficient to allow a trier of fact to reasonably conclude that the defending party entered the contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy; and (B) need not offer evidence tending to exclude the possibility of independent action to demonstrate a genuine dispute of material fact that a defending party entered a contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy under sections 1 and 3(a) of the Sherman Act; although, at trial, the trier of fact may consider the existence or absence of evidence tending to exclude the possibility of independent action when determining whether a defending party entered the contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy.