1. Short title This Act may be cited as the School Infrastructure Modernization Act of 2023 . 2. Qualification of rehabilitation expenditures for public school buildings for rehabilitation credit (a) In general Section 47(c)(2)(B)(v) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subclause: (III) Clause not to apply to public schools This clause shall not apply in the case of the rehabilitation of any building which was used as a qualified public educational facility (as defined in section 142(k)(1), determined without regard to subparagraph (B) thereof) at any time during the 5-year period ending on the date that such rehabilitation begins and which is used as such a facility immediately after such rehabilitation. . (b) Report Not later than the date which is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the heads of appropriate Federal agencies, shall report to Congress on the effects resulting from the amendment made by subsection (a), including— (1) the number of qualified public education facilities rehabilitated (stated separately with respect to each State) and the number of students using such facilities (stated separately with respect to each such State), (2) the number of qualified public education facilities rehabilitated in low income communities (as defined in section 45D(e)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) and the number of students using such facilities, (3) the amount of qualified rehabilitation expenditures for each qualified public education facility rehabilitated, and (4) and any other data determined by the Secretary to be useful in evaluating the impact of such amendment. (c) Effective date The amendment made by this section shall apply to property placed in service after December 31, 2023.