; Whereas the United States designated India as a Major Defense Partner in 2016, and a strong United States-India defense partnership is critical for United States and Indian interests in the Indo-Pacific region; Whereas military-to-military ties between our two countries have deepened, with both countries undertaking bilateral and multilateral military exercises across air, land, and maritime domains, and are taking steps to strengthen defense industrial base collaboration; Whereas the Republic of India’s G20 presidency reflects its economic rise and demonstrates its commitment to furthering multilateral coordination and progress in the areas of inclusive growth, environmental protection, technology and knowledge-sharing, women-led development, and more; Whereas the United States and India have coordinated closely in numerous multilateral forums such as the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue ( the Quad ), the I2U2 Group, and the G20, to address issues ranging from energy and food security to space, infrastructure, health, and critical and emerging technologies; Whereas the United States and India have been partners in advancing global health security, especially during the COVID–19 pandemic, during which India assisted other countries, including in the developing world through the deployment of vaccines and medicines; Whereas there are significant opportunities to work together to develop emerging technologies through private sector and academic and research partnerships to achieve shared energy goals; Whereas the United States and India announced the Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology (iCET) in May 2022, as a significant line of partnership to expand defense industrial and technological cooperation, including in areas such as artificial intelligence, quantum and high-performance computing, space, next generation telecommunications, and semiconductor supply chains