; Whereas, in 2017, the FDA announced a comprehensive approach to tobacco control based on cessation, prevention, and harm reduction, and recognized a continuum of risk in nicotine-containing products with combustible cigarettes on one end of the spectrum and noncombustible products such as heated tobacco, vapor, and oral nicotine-containing products on other end; Whereas, as part of the scientific evaluation to assess whether a product is appropriate for the protection or promotion of public health, the FDA assesses various criteria, including the potential health effects, nicotine levels, flavor variants, and potential appeal to and likelihood of use by youth and nonsmokers, and imposes postmarket surveillance requirements; Whereas the United States approach to tobacco control requires the FDA to evaluate all available data and make decisions based on science with interested parties allowed to engage the agency in an open and transparent manner; Whereas, since 2009, more than 26,000,000 tobacco product applications have been submitted to the FDA, yet fewer than 50 applications have been authorized; Whereas there is now a rapidly growing market in flagrantly illegal e-vapor products that lack FDA oversight and are contributing significantly to underage e-vapor use; Whereas staffing at the FDA’s Center for Tobacco Products has more than doubled in the last 10 years and user fees collected by the Center have increased to over $700,000,000 annually; Whereas a report published in December 2022 by the independent Reagan Udall Foundation found the FDA is struggling as a regulator and should develop a more clear and predictable framework for tobacco product applications; Whereas other governments have embraced similar approaches to harm reduction, including Great Britain which provides adult smokers with information about and access to alternative products as part of its strategy to become a smoke-free nation by 2030