1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Infrastructure Expansion Act of 2023 . 2. Preservation of Federal financial assistance for infrastructure and transportation development (a) No absolute liability on certain projects For any project for which Federal financial assistance is used, directly or indirectly, no action on the basis of absolute liability may be instituted by a covered person against a property owner or a party to a contract relating to the property that is the subject of the project for any injury associated with an elevation or gravity related risk occurring on that project. (b) Comparative negligence liability standard for certain claims For any project for which Federal financial assistance is used, a State shall apply to any claim brought by a covered person against a property owner or contractor for an injury associated with an elevation or gravity related risk a comparative negligence liability standard that considers the comparative negligence of the injured person for any claim in which— (1) such negligence is a proximate cause of an injury to a person