; and (ii) by inserting required under this chapter or State law before removed each place the term appears. (B) Licensed importers and manufacturers Section 923(i) of title 18, United States Code, as amended by section 512 of this Act, is amended— (i) by inserting (1)(A) after (i) ; and (ii) by adding at the end the following: (B) The serial number required under subparagraph (A) shall be engraved or cast in metal or metal alloy and sufficient to identify the firearm and the manufacturer or importer that put the serial number on the firearm. (2) (A) Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Gun Violence Prevention and Community Safety Act of 2023 , the Attorney General shall prescribe regulations for engraving a unique serial number onto a ghost gun. (B) The regulations prescribed under subparagraph (A) shall— (i) allow an owner of a firearm described in that subparagraph to have a unique serial number engraved on the firearm by a licensed manufacturer or importer; and (ii) require that a serial number be engraved on the frame or receiver in a manner sufficient to identify the firearm and the manufacturer or importer that put the serial number on the firearm. (C) The regulations authorized under this paragraph shall expire on the date that is 30 months after the date of enactment of the Gun Violence Prevention and Community Safety Act of 2023 . . (4) Penalties Section 924 of title 18, United States Code, as amended by this Act, is amended— (A) in subsection (a)(1)(B), by striking or (bb) and inserting (bb), or (cc) ; (B) in subsection (c)— (i) in paragraph (1)— (I) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting functional before firearm each place it appears; (II) in subparagraph (B), in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting functional before firearm ; and (III) in subparagraph (D)(ii), by inserting functional before firearm