; Whereas approximately 41 percent of colleges have not conducted a single sexual assault investigation in the last 5 years; Whereas most colleges fail to provide access to a specially trained Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner; Whereas law enforcement officials at 30 percent of colleges receive no training on how to respond to reports of sexual violence; Whereas more than 70 percent of colleges do not have protocols regarding how the institution and local law enforcement should work together to respond to sexual violence; Whereas 33 percent of colleges fail to provide training to dispel rape myths to persons adjudicating sexual assault claims; Whereas 43 percent of the Nation’s largest colleges have students assisting in adjudicating sexual assault cases, which creates privacy and conflict-of-interest concerns; Whereas 22 percent of colleges allow athletic department oversight of sexual violence cases involving student athletes; Whereas many college sexual assault survivors experience confusion over how to report a sexual assault, are unsure of acceptable standards of sexual conduct and definitions of rape and sexual assault, and fear punishment for activities preceding some sexual assaults, such as underage drinking; Whereas 21 percent of the Nation’s largest private colleges report not independently investigating all claims of sexual assault that they conveyed to the Department of Education; Whereas only approximately 13 percent of the perpetrators of college sexual assaults are permanently expelled; Whereas only 10 percent of reported college rape cases result in criminal charges against the alleged perpetrator; Whereas survivors of campus sexual assaults are more likely to have their lives disrupted, such as by changing a college major, changing campus housing, and dropping a class, than the average student; Whereas only 7 States require colleges to adopt affirmative consent policies