; (V) by inserting or causes after engages in each place it appears; and (VI) by inserting or causing after so engaging ; and (iii) in subsection (d), by inserting or being caused to engage in after engaging in ; (B) in section 2242— (i) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)— (I) by inserting or causes after engages in ; and (II) by inserting or by after a sexual act with ; and (ii) in paragraph (3)— (I) by inserting or causes after engages in ; and (II) by inserting or by after a sexual act with ; (C) in section 2243— (i) in subsection (a)— (I) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— (aa) by inserting or causes after engages in ; and (bb) by inserting or by after a sexual act with ; and (II) in paragraph (2), by inserting or causing after so engaging ; (ii) in subsection (b)— (I) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)— (aa) by inserting or causes after engages in ; and (bb) by inserting or by after a sexual act with ; and (II) in paragraph (2), by inserting or causing after so engaging ; (iii) in subsection (c)— (I) by inserting or causes after engages in ; and (II) by inserting or by after a sexual act with ; and (iv) in subsection (e)— (I) in paragraph (1), by inserting or being caused to engage in after engaging in ; and (II) in paragraph (2), by striking between the persons so engaging and inserting the following: between— (A) the defendant; and (B) the person— (i) with whom the defendant engaged in a sexual act; or (ii) whom the defendant caused to engage in a sexual act ; and (D) in section 2244(b)— (i) by inserting or causes after engages in ; and (ii) by inserting or by after sexual contact with ; and (3) in section 2423(f)(1)— (A) by striking a sexual act (as defined in section 2246) with and inserting any conduct involving