1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Children’s Hospital GME Support Reauthorization Act of 2023 . 2. Program of payments to children's hospitals that operate graduate medical education programs Section 340E of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 256e ) is amended— (1) in subsection (a), by striking 2023 and inserting 2028 ; (2) in subsection (b)(3)(D), by inserting and the end of fiscal year 2028, after fiscal year 2022, ; (3) in subsection (e), by adding at the end the following new paragraph: (4) Prohibition on payments to hospitals furnishing gender-affirming care to minors (A) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, no payment may be made under this section to a children’s hospital for a fiscal year (beginning with fiscal year 2024) if, at any point during the preceding fiscal year, such hospital furnished gender-affirming care (as defined in subsection (g)) to an individual under 18 years of age. (B) Special rule for fiscal year 2024 In applying subparagraph (A) with respect to payments described in such subparagraph for fiscal year 2024, the reference to the preceding fiscal year shall be treated as a reference to the period beginning on July 1, 2023, and ending on September 30, 2023 . (C) Rule of construction Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed as prohibiting payments for a fiscal year to a hospital that, during the preceding fiscal year (or, in the case of payments for fiscal year 2024, during the period described in subparagraph (B)), furnished mental or behavioral health services to individuals under 18 years of age for the treatment of gender dysphoria not consisting of gender-affirming care. ; (4) in subsection (f)— (A) in paragraph (1)(A)(vi), by striking 2023 and inserting 2028 ; and (B) in paragraph (2)(F), by striking 2023 and inserting 2028