employees of ByteDance repeatedly accessed nonpublic data about United States TikTok users, including the physical locations of specific United States citizens. (E) On January 20, 2023, public reporting revealed that TikTok and ByteDance employees regularly engage in practice called heating, which is a manual push to ensure specific videos achieve a certain number of video views . (F) In a court filing in June 2023, a former employee of ByteDance alleged that the CCP spied on pro-democracy protestors in Hong Kong in 2018 by using backdoor access to TikTok to identify and monitor activists’ locations and communications. (G) On November 1, 2023, public reporting revealed that TikTok’s internal platform, which houses its most sensitive information, was inspected in person by CCP cybersecurity agents in the lead-up to the CCP’s 20th National Congress. Whereas the PRC’s access to American users’ data poses unacceptable risks to United States national security: (1) As a general matter, foreign adversary controlled social media applications present a clear threat to the national security of the United States. (2) The Department of Homeland Security has warned that the PRC’s data collection activities in particular have resulted in numerous risks to U.S. businesses and customers, including: the theft of trade secrets, of intellectual property, and of other confidential business information