; (ii) has obtained a good or service from the entity within the prior 18 months; or (iii) has made an inquiry about the products or services of the entity within the prior 90 days. (B) Exclusion The term direct relationship does not include a relationship— (i) between an individual and a data broker where the individual’s only connection to the data broker is based on the individual’s request— (I) for the data broker to delete the personal information of the individual; or (II) to opt-out of the data broker’s collection or use of personal information, certain sales of such information, or its databases; or (ii) required under any State or Federal law related to the use of personal information. (6) Hash The term hash means to input data to a cryptographic, one-way, collision resistant function that maps a bit string of arbitrary length to a fixed-length bit string to produce a cryptographically secure value. (7) Hashed The term hashed means the type of value produced by hashing data. (8) Human subjects research The term human subjects research means research that— (A) an investigator (whether professional or student) conducts on a living individual; and (B) either— (i) obtains information or biospecimens through intervention or interaction with the individual, and uses, studies, or analyzes the information or biospecimens