; (B) transnational criminal organizations with connections to— (i) illicit trafficking of gold, narcotics, and weapons; (ii) human trafficking and smuggling; and (iii) terrorism; and (C) corruption and kleptocracy in governments of countries in the Western Hemisphere. (4) Efforts to disrupt, degrade, and counter transnational illicit trafficking, with an emphasis on illicit narcotics and precursor chemicals that produce illicit narcotics. (5) Activities to increase transparency in, and support for, strong and accountable defense, security, and law enforcement institutions through institutional capacity-building efforts, including efforts to ensure respect for human rights and direction and oversight by civilian authorities. (6) Programs and initiatives to enhance public diplomacy and engagement with the people of the Western Hemisphere for the purpose of demonstrating that the security of their countries is enhanced to a greater extent if their countries are aligned with the United States and democratic values rather than with authoritarian countries such as the People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation, and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (7) Efforts to expand bilateral and multinational military training exercises with partner countries in the Western Hemisphere. (8) Humanitarian assistance and disaster relief initiatives to support partner countries by promoting the development and growth of responsive institutions through activities such as— (A) the provision of appropriate equipment, training, and logistical support; (B) transportation of humanitarian supplies or personnel of foreign security forces; (C) making available, preparing, and transferring on-hand nonlethal supplies, and providing training on the use of such supplies, for humanitarian or health purposes to respond to unforeseen emergencies; (D) the provision of Department of State humanitarian demining assistance