1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Coal Cleanup Taxpayer Protection Act of 2024 . 2. Surface coal mining bonding Section 509 of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 ( 30 U.S.C. 1259 ) is amended— (1) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: (c) Alternative Bonding System (1) In general Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary may approve as part of a State or Federal program an alternative system that will— (A) achieve the objectives and purposes of the bonding program pursuant to this section; and (B) result in no greater risk of financial liability to the Federal Government or a State government than the bonding program under this section. (2) Report required The Secretary may only approve an alternative bonding system for a State under paragraph (1) if such State submits a report to the Secretary that provides the following information: (A) A history of bond forfeitures and reclamation costs in such State in the 7-year period ending on the date on which the report is submitted, including— (i) in the case of any bond forfeiture, whether the money collected to make up the difference between the bond and reclamation cost was sufficient to complete the reclamation as specified in the permit; and (ii) an engineer’s estimate of the cost to complete reclamation of mines for which such State has not yet determined the cost of reclamation. (B) A 5-year forecast proving the proposed bond pool will be financially sound based on— (i) the proposed annual or per ton fees paid by mining operators; (ii) the past and anticipated financial performance of participating mining operators; (iii) market projections for the 5-year period beginning on the date of the submission of such report; (iv) the anticipated number of mining operators participating in each year; and (v) anticipated reclamation costs, including known reclamation costs and an engineer’s estimate of costs not yet known.