1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Strengthening Organic Agricultural Research (SOAR) Act of 2023 . 2. Organic research and extension initiative Section 1672B(f) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 ( 7 U.S.C. 5925b(f) ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (1)— (A) in subparagraph (F), by striking and at the end; (B) in subparagraph (G), by striking and each fiscal year thereafter. and inserting a semicolon; and (C) by adding at the end the following: (H) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; (I) $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; (J) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; (K) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and (L) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2028 and each fiscal year thereafter. ; and (2) in paragraph (2), by striking 2023 and inserting 2028 . 3. Researching the transition to organic Title XVI of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 ( 7 U.S.C. 5801 et seq. ) is amended by inserting before section 1667, as added by section 3, the following: 1666. Researching the transition to organic program (a) Competitive specialized research and extension grants authorized The Secretary may make competitive grants to support research, education, and extension activities regarding the transition of nonorganic production systems into organic production for the purposes of— (1) overcoming social, economic, and management barriers to organic transition; (2) documenting and understanding the effects of organic practices on ecosystem services, including soil health and fertility, greenhouse gas mitigation and sequestration, water management, biodiversity-related services, and pest management