; or (iii) technology designated by the Secretary of Defense as having a technology readiness level of 1, 2, or 3. (b) Report to congress Not later than one year after the date of enactment of this Act, and every six months thereafter, the interagency working group described in section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 ( 42 U.S.C. 6601 note) shall provide a report to the Committee on Education and the Workforce, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate, regarding the threat of espionage at institutions of higher education. In each such briefing, the interagency working group shall identify actions that may be taken to reduce espionage carried out through student participation in sensitive research projects. The interagency working group shall also include in this report an assessment of whether the current licensing regulations relating to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations and the Export Administration Regulations are sufficient to protect the security of the projects listed on the Sensitive Research Project List. 512. Foreign student participation in sensitive research projects (a) Approval of foreign student participation required Beginning on the date that is one year after the date of enactment of this Act, for each project on the Sensitive Research Project List that is open to student participation, the head of such project at the institution of higher education at which the project is being carried out shall ensure that each student participating in such project shall be required to provide proof of citizenship before the student is permitted to participate in such project. A student who is a citizen of a country identified in subsection (b) shall be permitted to participate in such a project only if— (1) the student applies for, and