; and (2) it should support pluralistic democracies in countries in the Western Balkans as a means to prevent a return to the ethnic strife that once characterized the region. 12. Reports on Russian and Chinese malign influence operations and campaigns in the Western Balkans (a) Reports required. Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every two years thereafter, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, the Director of National Intelligence, and the heads of other Federal departments or agencies, as appropriate, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees regarding Russian and Chinese malign influence operations and campaigns carried out with respect to Balkan countries that seek— (1) to undermine democratic institutions; (2) to promote political instability; and (3) to harm the interests of the United States and North Atlantic Treaty Organization member and partner states in the Western Balkans. (b) Elements Each report submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall include— (1) an assessment of the objectives of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China regarding malign influence operations and campaigns carried out with respect to Western Balkans countries— (A) to undermine democratic institutions, including the planning and execution of democratic elections; (B) to promote political instability; and (C) to manipulate the information environment; (2) the activities and roles of the Department of State and other relevant Federal agencies in countering Russian and Chinese malign influence operations and campaigns