; three-judge court required. . 3. Random assignment of cases (a) Division of business among district judges Section 137 of title 28, United States Code, is amended— (1) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c); and (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following: (b) Random assignment of cases (1) In general In establishing rules for the division of business among district judges, a district court shall ensure that the probability that an action, suit, or proceeding is assigned to any particular judge does not exceed 25 percent. (2) Exceptions Paragraph (1) shall not apply to— (A) a criminal proceeding; (B) an action, suit, or proceeding that is related to another action, suit, or proceeding pending before a judge of the district court; (C) an application for a writ of habeas corpus under section 2242 or any related proceeding