States. (8) The history of South Asian Americans in the United States dates back to the late 1700s. (9) The history of Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders in what is now considered to be the United States predates the founding of our Nation. (10) In 1993, Congress passed a joint resolution that was signed into law formally apologizing for the role of the United States in the illegal overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii, which resulted in the suppression of the inherent sovereignty of the Native Hawaiian people. (11) Twelve thousand Chinese laborers worked in atrocious conditions to build the Transcontinental Railroad, many dying from harsh weather conditions and the dangers of handling explosives. (12) The Page Act of 1875, the first restrictive immigration law in the United States, sought to prevent the entry of Asian women perceived as immoral or suspected of prostitution. (13) After the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 banned Chinese immigrants from immigrating to the United States, Japanese immigrants were hired. After the Japanese were banned from immigrating due to the Gentleman’s Agreement of 1907, which halted immigration from Japan, Filipino immigrants were hired under 3-year contracts. (14) Filipino farm workers helped found the farm worker labor movement in the United States. (15) The Immigration Act of 1917 restricted immigration to the United States by barring immigration from the Asia-Pacific zone. (16) The Immigration Act of 1924 set a national origin quota to deter immigration. (17) President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Executive Order 9066 authorized the incarceration of more than 120,000 persons of Japanese ancestry, two-thirds of whom were American citizens, based solely on race. (18) Beginning in 1954, the United States displaced more than 3,000,000 refugees from Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam due to covert and overt United States military operations in Southeast Asia. (19) The Immigration Act of 1965 made family unification and skills-based migration the bedrock principle of immigration to the United