1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Sustainable Budget Act of 2023 . 2. Establishment of commission (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Commission The term Commission means the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform established under subsection (b). (2) Federal agency The term Federal agency means an establishment in the executive, legislative, or judicial branch of the Federal Government. (b) Establishment Not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, there shall be established within the legislative branch a commission to be known as the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform. (c) Membership (1) Composition of Commission The Commission shall be composed of 18 members, of whom— (A) 6 shall be appointed by the President, of whom not more than 3 shall be from the same political party; (B) 3 shall be appointed by the majority leader of the Senate, from among current Members of the Senate; (C) 3 shall be appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives, from among current Members of the House of Representatives; (D) 3 shall be appointed by the minority leader of the Senate, from among current Members of the Senate; and (E) 3 shall be appointed by the minority leader of the House of Representatives, from among current Members of the House of Representatives. (2) Initial appointments Not later than 60 days after the date on which the Commission is established, initial appointments to the Commission shall be made. (3) Vacancy A vacancy on the Commission shall be filled in the same manner as the initial appointment. (d) Co-Chairpersons From among the members appointed under subsection (c), the President shall designate 2 members, who shall not be of the same political party, to serve as co-chairpersons of the Commission. (e) Qualifications Members appointed to the Commission shall have significant depth of experience and responsibilities in matters relating to— (1) government service; (2) fiscal policy; (3) economics