; and (10) $337,000,000 for fiscal year 2033. . 102. Energy efficiency and renewable energy (a) Advanced materials and manufacturing technologies office (1) In general The Secretary of Energy shall establish direct air capture as a research priority of the Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Office, with a focus on improved techniques for low-cost manufacturing of direct air capture components and materials. (2) Coordination The Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technologies Office shall carry out research relating to direct air capture under paragraph (1) in coordination with the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management. (3) Research, development, and demonstration The Secretary of Energy, acting through the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (referred to in this section as the Assistant Secretary ), shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities in the areas described in this paragraph. (A) Systems engineering and process design The Assistant Secretary shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities relating to integrated catalyst reactor design optimized for carbon dioxide removal and utilization. (B) Alkalinity source pathways (i) In general The Assistant Secretary shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities relating to development of new, low-emissions sources of alkalinity for carbon mineralization. (ii) Collaboration The Assistant Secretary shall carry out the activities in clause (i) in collaboration with the Director of the United States Geological Survey. (C) Contactor design The Assistant Secretary shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities relating to design of air contactors for direct air capture with low pressure drop, high surface area, and high longevity. (D) Manufacturing improvement The Assistant Secretary shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities relating to low-cost manufacturing of direct air capture components and materials.