; and (4) the term vote means all actions necessary to make a vote effective, including registration or other action required by law as a prerequisite to voting, casting a ballot, and having such ballot counted and included in the appropriate totals of votes cast with respect to candidates for public office for which votes are received in an election. 5. Rules of construction (a) Burdens not authorized Nothing in this Act may be construed to authorize a government to burden the right to vote in elections for Federal office. (b) Other rights and remedies Nothing in this Act shall be construed as indicating an intent on the part of Congress to alter any rights existing under a State constitution or the Constitution of the United States, or to limit any remedies for any other violations of Federal, State, or local law. (c) Other provision Nothing in this Act shall be construed as conflicting with section 1703 (“Rights of Citizens”) of S.1 of the 118th Congress. 6. Severability If any provision of this Act or the application of such provision to any citizen or circumstance is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act and the application of the provisions of such to any citizen or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. 7. Effective dates (a) Actions brought for retrogression Subsection (b) of section 2 shall apply to any law, rule, standard, practice, procedure, or other governmental action that was not in effect during the November 2022 general election for Federal office but that will be in effect with respect to elections for Federal office occurring on or after September 1, 2024, even if such law, rule, standard, practice, procedure, or other governmental action is already in effect as of the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Actions brought for substantial impairment Subsection (c) of section 2 shall apply to any law, rule, standard, practice, procedure, or other governmental action in effect with respect to elections for Federal office occurring on or after September 1, 2024.