; and (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking and conservation treatment measures and inserting crop rotation and cover crop systems, and other relevant soil conservation and soil health management treatment measures ; (2) in paragraph (4)— (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking and at the end; (B) in subparagraph (B)— (i) by striking or a substantial improvement in soil conditions on a field or group of fields containing highly erodible cropland and inserting and a substantial improvement in soil health conditions (including soil carbon levels) on a field or group of fields containing cropland ; and (ii) by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (C) by adding at the end the following: (C) are designed to achieve, within 5 years of actively applying a conservation plan, a level of erosion not to exceed twice the soil loss tolerance level; and (D) are designed to effectively prevent the formation of new, or treat all existing, ephemeral gullies. ; and (3) in paragraph (11)(A)(ii), by striking excessive average annual rate of erosion in relation to and inserting average annual rate of erosion exceeding twice . (b) Cropland conservation (1) Program ineligibility Section 1211 of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3811 ) is amended— (A) in subsection (a)— (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking produces an agricultural commodity and all that follows through as determined by the Secretary and inserting carries out an activity described in subsection (b), as determined by the Secretary, ; and (ii) in paragraph (1)(D), by inserting cropland or before highly erodible land ; (B) by redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c); (C) by inserting after subsection (a) the following: (b) Activities described Activities referred to in subsection (a) are— (1) the production of an agricultural commodity on a field on which cropland is predominant