; and (B) any other crime for which an essential element involves fraud, deceit, or misrepresentation to obtain an advantage or to disadvantage another. (2) Federal law enforcement officer The term Federal law enforcement officer means a law enforcement officer , as defined in section 8331(20) or 8401(17) of title 5, United States Code. (3) Military offense The term military offense means— (A) an offense for which— (i) a member of the Armed Forces may be discharged or separated from service in the Armed Forces; or (ii) a punitive discharge is, or would be, authorized for the same or a closely related offense under the Manual for Courts-Martial, as pursuant to Army Regulation 635–200 chapter 14–12; and (B) an action for which a member of the Armed Forces received a demotion in military rank as punishment for a crime or wrongdoing, imposed by a court martial or other authority. (4) Veteran The term veteran has the meaning given such term in section 101(2) of title 38, United States Code. . 3 Alternatives to detention improvements and training for U.S. Border Patrol 121. Alternatives to detention improvements (a) Certification Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement shall certify to the appropriate committees of Congress that— (1) with respect to the alternatives to detention programs, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s processes that condition the release of aliens under any type of supervision, consistent and standard policies are in place across all U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement field offices; (2) the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s alternatives to detention programs use escalation and de-escalation techniques