; (bb) accidentally; or (cc) otherwise; and (II) from any source, whether single or multiple; and (ii) as assessed based on the combined past, present, and reasonably foreseeable emissions and discharges affecting the geographical area; and (B) evaluated taking into account sensitive populations and other factors that may heighten vulnerability to environmental pollution and associated health risks, including socioeconomic characteristics. . (2) Permit programs Section 502(b) of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7661a(b) ) is amended— (A) in paragraph (5)— (i) in subparagraphs (A) and (C), by striking assure each place it appears and inserting ensure ; and (ii) by striking subparagraph (F) and inserting the following: (F) ensure that no permit will be issued or renewed, as applicable, if— (i) with respect to an application for a permit or renewal of a permit for a major source, the permitting authority determines under paragraph (9)(A)(i)(II)(bb) that the terms and conditions of the permit or renewal would not be sufficient to ensure a reasonable certainty of no harm to the health of the general population, or to any potentially exposed or susceptible subpopulation, of the applicable census block groups or Tribal census block groups (as those terms are defined by the Director of the Bureau of the Census); or (ii) the Administrator objects to the issuance of the permit in a timely manner under this title. ; and (B) by striking paragraph (9) and inserting the following: (9) Major sources (A) In general With respect to any permit or renewal of a permit, as applicable, for a major source, a requirement that the permitting authority shall— (i) in determining whether to issue or renew the permit— (I) evaluate the potential cumulative impacts of the major source, as described in the applicable cumulative impacts analysis submitted under section 503(b)(3), taking into consideration other pollution sources and risk factors within a community