1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Women and Lung Cancer Research and Preventive Services Act of 2023 . 2. Findings Congress finds as follows: (1) According to the American Cancer Society, in the United States, approximately 164 women die each day of lung cancer, or about one woman every 8.8 minutes. (2) Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women. (3) The American Cancer Society estimates that 59,910 women will die of lung cancer in 2023. (4) Studies have shown a higher incidence rate of lung cancer for women who were never smokers compared to men who were never smokers. (5) According to the American Cancer Society, new cases of lung cancer dropped by 3 percent per year in men from 2011 to 2015, while new cases in women only dropped 1.5 percent per year in the same time period. (6) According to the 2014 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking—50 Years of Progress: A Report of the Surgeon General, 2014 , the relative risk of developing lung cancer increased tenfold among female smokers between 1959 and 2010. (7) According to the American Cancer Society, approximately 40 percent of lung cancers are adenocarcinoma, a subtype of non-small cell lung cancer, which is the most common type of cancer seen in non-smokers and is more common in women than in men. (8) According to the Environmental Protection Agency, exposure to radon accounts for approximately 21,000 deaths from lung cancer each year and is the second leading cause of lung cancer in non-smokers. (9) A Government Accountability Office report published on October 22, 2015, called for the National Institutes of Health to do more in evaluating gender differences in research. (10) Additional research strategies, including clinical trials, are necessary to explore the differences in lung cancer risk factors, incidence, and treatment response in women, and to address the disparate impact of lung cancer on women who have never smoked. (11) Lung cancer screening, which can detect lung cancer at its earliest, most curable stage, is a