; penalties (1) Implementation The President may exercise the authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to the extent necessary to carry out this section. (2) Penalties A person that violates, attempts to violate, or causes a violation of subsection (a) or any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out that subsection shall be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of the section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that section. (e) Severability If any provision of this section or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this section that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this section are severable. (f) Definitions In this section: (1) Country of concern The term country of concern — (A) has the meaning given the term foreign adversary in section 8(c)(2) of the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act of 2019 ( 47 U.S.C. 1607(c)(2) ); and (B) includes the People’s Republic of China (including the Special Administrative Regions of China, including Hong Kong and Macau), Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba, and Venezuela. (2) Entity of concern The term entity of concern means— (A) a governmental body at any level in a country of concern; (B) the armed forces of a country of concern; (C) the leading political party of a country of concern; (D) a natural person who is a national of a country of concern, is domiciled and living in such country, and is subject to substantial influence, directly or indirectly, from an entity described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C)