; Whereas Vumacam, a South African company building a nationwide CCTV network, has partnered with Chinese company Hikvision for the cameras’ hardware, and Telkom, South Africa’s partially State-owned telecoms operator, launched its 5G network throughout the country in October 2022 using technology from Huawei Technologies; Whereas the ANC has proved incapable of providing electricity to the South African people, through its chronic mismanagement of the State-owned power company Eskom, and on February 9, 2023, President of South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa declared a national state of disaster over the worsening, multiyear power crisis; Whereas South Africa will host joint maritime exercises, entitled Operation Mosi II , jointly with the PRC and Russia, between February 17 and 24, 2023, and the latter date corresponds to the 1-year anniversary of Russia’s unjustified and unprovoked invasion of Ukraine; Whereas South Africa has used its stated stance of nonalignment in international affairs to justify increasingly close relations with the PRC and Russia; Whereas United States policy towards South Africa appears to have failed in building a strong, reliable bilateral partner; and Whereas it is in the national security interest of the United States to deter acceptance, cooperation, and strategic information sharing with the PRC and Russia: Now, therefore, be it