; (3) to support the modernization of the drinking water infrastructure and management systems of the United States to maintain reliable, resilient, and affordable drinking water infrastructure and ensure the protection of public health; and (4) to encourage the use of water-efficient technologies to address drought and prepare for the growing strain that population growth and climate change will have on over-allocated water supplies. I Wastewater Infrastructure 101. Smart wastewater infrastructure technology for treatment works Title II of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act ( 33 U.S.C. 1281 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: 228. Smart wastewater infrastructure technology (a) Grants Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Administrator shall make direct grants to owners and operators of publicly owned treatment works for planning, design, construction, implementation, training, and operations relating to— (1) intelligent wastewater treatment and collection systems and stormwater management operations, including technologies that rely on— (A) the use of real-time monitoring, management, analytics, and data collection tools, embedded intelligence, and predictive maintenance capabilities that improve the energy efficiency, cost efficiency, reliability, and resiliency of wastewater treatment systems; (B) real-time remote sensors that provide continuous monitoring of water quality in stormwater and wastewater treatment and collection systems to support the optimization of those stormwater and wastewater treatment and collection systems; and (C) the use of artificial intelligence and other intelligent optimization tools that— (i) reduce operational costs, including operational costs relating to energy consumption and chemical treatment; and (ii) improve decisionmaking