1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Medical Nutrition Therapy Act of 2023 . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Over two-thirds of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries have 2 or more chronic conditions, many of which can be prevented, delayed, treated, or managed through nutrition. (2) Individuals from many racial and ethnic minority backgrounds are more likely to be diagnosed with chronic diseases such as diabetes, prediabetes, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, and obesity. (3) Coverage for medical nutrition therapy is only available to Medicare Part B beneficiaries with diabetes or a renal disease, despite medical nutrition therapy being part of the standard of care, in clinical guidelines, and medically necessary for many more chronic conditions. (4) Medical nutrition therapy has been shown to be a cost-effective component of treatment for obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, HIV infection, unintended weight loss in older adults, and other chronic conditions. 3. Expanding the availability of medical nutrition therapy services under the Medicare program (a) In general Section 1861 of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395x ) is amended— (1) in subsection (s)(2)(V), by striking in the case of and all that follows through organizations ; and (2) in subsection (vv)— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) by striking disease management and inserting the prevention, management, or treatment of a disease or condition specified in paragraph (4) ; and (ii) by striking by a physician and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting the following: by— (A) a physician (as defined in subsection (r)(1)); (B) a physician assistant (as defined in subsection (aa)(5)(A)); (C) a nurse practitioner (as defined in subsection (aa)(5)(A)); (D) a clinical nurse specialist (as defined in subsection (aa)(5)(B)); or (E) in the case of such services furnished to manage such a disease or condition that is an eating disorder, a clinical psychologist (as defined by the Secretary).