1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Methane Emissions Research Act of 2023 . 2. National methane research pilot study (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Administrator The term Administrator means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. (2) Appropriate committees of Congress The term appropriate committees of Congress means— (A) the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate; and (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives. (3) Covered oil and gas infrastructure (A) In general The term covered oil and gas infrastructure means the infrastructure used for the production, gathering and boosting, processing, transmission, and storage of oil and natural gas in the United States. (B) Exclusion The term covered oil and gas infrastructure does not include oil and gas distribution infrastructure. (4) Methane census The term methane census means a national methane census study to evaluate methane emissions from covered oil and gas infrastructure that, if carried out, would— (A) be undertaken on a recurring basis