distributor The term virtual multichannel video programming distributor means any person engaged in the trade or business of making available directly to the end user, by means of the Internet or other IP-based transmission path, multiple streams of linear video programming. (4) Video programming The term video programming has the meaning given such term in section 79.4(a)(1) of title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (5) Agreement for qualifying carriage The term agreement for qualifying carriage means a written agreement between an eligible distributor and a qualified independent programmer that provides for new or expanded carriage of one or more linear video programming streams of a qualified independent programmer to at least 40 percent of the eligible distributor’s subscriber base in aggregate for such linear video programming streams and which requires the eligible distributor to pay a license fee to the qualified independent programmer. (6) Qualified independent programmer (A) In general The term qualified independent programmer means a United States-based person engaged in the production, creation, or wholesale distribution of linear video programming (including, but not limited to, women-, minority-, or socially disadvantaged-, owned programmers) if— (i) such person is not a publicly-traded company, multichannel video programming distributor, virtual multichannel video programming distributor, network, or television station company, and (ii) no publicly-traded company, multichannel video programming distributor, virtual multichannel video programming distributor, network, or television station company has a cognizable interest in such person. (B) Socially disadvantaged The term socially disadvantaged has the meaning given such term in section 124.103 of title 13 of the Code of Federal Regulations. (C) Publicly-traded company The term publicly-traded company means any entity if one or more equity interests in such entity are traded on an established securities market. (D) Network The term network