; and (D) the total number of technology certification orders issued, and the total number of applications for technology certification that were denied, including applications denied after the Secretary failed to make a determination within 30 calendar days of the transmittal date under subsection (b)(2)(B). 587R. Recognized standards (a) In general The Secretary may recognize all or part of appropriate standards established by nationally or internationally recognized standards development organizations for which a person may submit a declaration of conformity in order to meet a requirement under this subchapter to which that standard is applicable. Standards for in vitro diagnostic devices previously recognized under section 514(c) shall be considered recognized standards under this section. Recognized and proposed standards shall be accessible to the public at no charge. The application of any such consensus standard shall only apply prospectively. The Secretary shall issue regulations establishing the criteria and process, for such recognition and adoption. (b) Amendment process The procedures established in this section or in regulation or guidance issued under this section shall apply to amendment of an existing standard. 587S. Investigational use (a) In general Subject to the conditions prescribed in subsections (c), (d), (e), (f), and (g), an in vitro clinical test for investigational use shall be exempt from the requirements of this subchapter, other than sections 587A, 587P, 587T, and 587V. The Secretary may amend parts 50, 54, and 56 of title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations to apply to in vitro clinical tests to permit the investigational use of such tests by experts qualified by scientific training and experience. (b) Regulations (1) In general Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of the VALID Act of 2023 , the Secretary shall promulgate regulations to implement this section. (2) Variation The requirements in the regulations promulgated under this section shall take into account