of a research and development strategy on the safe use of hydrogen in civil aviation. (c) Considerations The strategy developed under subsection (b) shall consider the following: (1) The feasibility, opportunities, challenges, and pathways toward the potential and safe uses of hydrogen in civil aviation. (2) The use of hydrogen in addition to electric propulsion to propel commercial aircraft and any related operational efficiencies. (d) Exercise of leadership The Secretary, the Administrator, and the Secretary of Energy shall carry out the research activities consistent with the strategy in subsection (b), and that may include the following: (1) Establishing positions and goals for the safe use of hydrogen in civil aviation, including to propel commercial aircraft. (2) Understanding of the qualification of hydrogen aviation fuel, the safe transition to such fuel for aircraft, the advancement of certification efforts for such fuel, and risk mitigation measures for the use of such fuel in aircraft systems, including propulsion and storage systems. (3) Through grant, contract, or interagency agreements, carrying out research and development to understand the contribution that the use of hydrogen would have on civil aviation, including hydrogen as an input for conventional jet fuel, hydrogen fuel cells as a source of electric propulsion, sustainable aviation fuel, and power to liquids or synthetic fuel, and researching ways of accelerating the introduction of hydrogen-propelled aircraft. (4) Reviewing grant eligibility requirements, loans, loan guarantees, and other policies and requirements of the FAA and the Department of Energy to identify ways to increase the safe and efficient use of hydrogen in civil aviation. (5) Considering the needs of the aerospace industry, aviation suppliers, hydrogen producers, airlines, airport sponsors, fixed base operators, and other stakeholders in creating policies that enable the safe use of hydrogen in civil aviation. (6) Coordinating with NASA, and obtaining input from the