1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Next Generation Fuels Act of 2023 . 2. Findings Congress finds that— (1) continued increases in new automobile efficiency are needed to improve consumer welfare and reduce carbon emissions; (2) the widespread availability of low-carbon, high-octane fuel will allow continued cost-effective improvements in automobile efficiency by enabling increased engine compression ratios; (3) high-octane automobiles and low-carbon fuels are readily available to consumers at little incremental cost; (4) ethanol is a cost-effective and low-carbon octane enhancer; (5) the widespread adoption of climate-smart practices and precision technologies by United States corn producers over the past decade have further reduced the carbon intensity of conventional ethanol; (6) on average, ethanol has been estimated to have lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions that are 46 percent lower than average gasoline, with some corn ethanol achieving a 61-percent reduction compared to gasoline; and (7) ethanol has one of the highest blending octane values available in the marketplace. 3. High-octane vehicles Title II of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7521 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: D High-Octane Vehicles 261. Definitions; applicability (a) Definitions In this part: (1) Automobile The term automobile has the meaning given to the term in section 32901(a)(3) of title 49, United States Code. (2) Manufacturer The term manufacturer has the meaning given the term in section 216. (3) Research octane number The term research octane number has the meaning given the term in section 201 of the Petroleum Marketing Practices Act ( 15 U.S.C. 2821 ). (b) Applicability This part applies with respect to any motor vehicle that is introduced into commerce that— (1) is an automobile; (2) uses gasoline for propulsion or any other operation of the motor vehicle, including the engine thereof