; or (B) any employee of the Federal Government who directly or indirectly has input or any authority to determine or help determine the authorization for use or emergency use authorization of a drug, biological product, or device. (b) Prohibition against service by former employees of covered health agencies on boards of entities involved in development and research of a drug, biological product, or device Any person who is a top official of a covered health agency of the United States, and who, within 8 years after the termination of the service or employment of the top official with the United States, serves as an officer or member of the board of any association, corporation, or entity that directly manufactures or researches a drug, biological product, or device shall be punished as provided in section 216 of this title. (c) Prohibition against profiting from a drug, biological product, or device by former employees of covered health agencies involved in the approval of related grant applications Any person who is a former Federal employee of a covered health agency who profits from a drug, biological product, or device if such employee at any point during the course of service or employment with the United States was directly involved in determining whether a grant application for such drug, biological product, or device was approved shall be subject to a civil penalty of $250,000 and imprisoned for not more than five years nor less than one year. . (b) Penalties and injunctions Section 216(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended, in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by inserting 207A, after 207, . (c) Table of chapters Chapter 11 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 207 the following: 207A. Prohibition against service by former employees of covered health agencies on boards of entities involved in development and research of a drug, biological product, or device. . (d) Effective date Except as provided in subsection (d), the amendments made by