; (B) presence in a country with generalized violence or a high crime rate; (C) being the subject of a recruitment effort by criminal, terrorist, or persecutory groups; (D) the targeting of the applicant for criminal activity for financial gain based on perceptions of wealth or affluence; (E) interpersonal disputes of which governmental authorities in the relevant society or region were unaware or uninvolved; (F) private criminal acts of which governmental authorities in the relevant society or region were unaware or uninvolved; (G) past or present terrorist activity or association; (H) past or present persecutory activity or association; or (I) status as an alien returning from the United States. (2) Political opinion The Secretary of Homeland Security or the Attorney General may not determine that an alien holds a political opinion with respect to which the alien is subject to persecution if the political opinion is constituted solely by generalized disapproval of, disagreement with, or opposition to criminal, terrorist, gang, guerilla, or other non-state organizations and does not include expressive behavior in furtherance of a cause against such organizations related to efforts by the State to control such organizations or behavior that is antithetical to or otherwise opposes the ruling legal entity of the State or a unit thereof. (3) Persecution The Secretary of Homeland Security or the Attorney General may not determine that an alien has been subject to persecution or has a well-founded fear of persecution based only on— (A) the existence of laws or government policies that are unenforced or infrequently enforced, unless there is credible evidence that such a law or policy has been or would be applied to the applicant personally