1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Chance to Compete Act of 2023 . 2. Definitions (a) Terms defined in section 3304 of title 5, united states code In this Act, the terms agency , Director , examining agency , Office , subject matter expert , and technical assessment have the meanings given those terms in subsection (c)(1) of section 3304 of title 5, United States Code, as added by section 3(a). (b) Other terms In this Act, the term competitive service has the meaning given the term in section 2102 of title 5, United States Code. 3. Defining the term examination for purposes of hiring in the competitive service (a) Examinations; technical assessments (1) In general Section 3304 of title 5, United States Code, is amended— (A) by redesignating subsections (c) through (f) as subsections (d) through (g), respectively; and (B) by inserting after subsection (b) the following: (c) Examinations (1) Definitions (A) Examination (i) In this chapter, the term examination — (I) means an opportunity to directly demonstrate knowledge, skills, abilities, and competencies, through a passing score assessment; (II) includes a résumé review that is— (aa) conducted by a subject matter expert; and (bb) based upon indicators that— (AA) are derived from a job analysis; and (BB) bear a rational relationship to performance in the position for which the examining agency is hiring