; (3) linkages between the illicit mining, trafficking, and commercialization of gold, diamonds, and precious metals and stones, and the financial and political activities of the regime of Nicolás Maduro of Venezuela; (4) factors that— (A) produce linkages between ASM miners and illicit actors, prompting some ASM miners to utilize mining practices that are environmentally damaging and unsustainable, notably mining or related ore processing practices that— (i) involve the use of elemental mercury; or (ii) result in labor, health, environmental, and safety code infractions and workplace hazards; and (B) lead some ASM miners to operate in the extralegal or poorly regulated informal sector, and often prevent such miners from improving the socioeconomic status of themselves and their families and communities, or hinder their ability to formalize their operations, enhance their technical and business capacities, and access finance of fair market prices for their output; (5) mining-related trafficking in persons and forced or coerced labor, including sex work and child labor; and (6) the use of elemental mercury and cyanide in ASM operations, including the technical aims and scope of such usage and its impact on human health and the environment, including flora, fauna, water resources, soil, and air quality. (d) Foreign assistance The Strategy shall describe— (1) existing foreign assistance programs that address elements of the Strategy