; and (B) in paragraph (5)(A), by striking planted before January 1, 2027, or is grafted before such date to a plant that has already been planted, and inserting planted or grafted . (2) Section 460(c)(6)(B) of such Code is amended by striking which and all that follows through the period and inserting which has a recovery period of 7 years or less. . (c) Effective date The amendments made by this section shall take effect as if included in section 13201 of Public Law 115–97 . 402. Research and experimental expenditures (a) In general Section 174 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended to read as follows: 174. Research and experimental expenditures (a) Treatment as expenses (1) In general A taxpayer may treat research or experimental expenditures which are paid or incurred by him during the taxable year in connection with his trade or business as expenses which are not chargeable to capital account. The expenditures so treated shall be allowed as a deduction. (2) When method may be adopted (A) Without consent A taxpayer may, without the consent of the Secretary, adopt the method provided in this subsection for his first taxable year for which expenditures described in paragraph (1) are paid or incurred. (B) With consent A taxpayer may, with the consent of the Secretary, adopt at any time the method provided in this subsection. (3) Scope The method adopted under this subsection shall apply to all expenditures described in paragraph (1). The method adopted shall be adhered to in computing taxable income for the taxable year and for all subsequent taxable years unless, with the approval of the Secretary, a change to a different method is authorized with respect to part or all of such expenditures. (b) Amortization of certain research and experimental expenditures (1) In general At the election of the taxpayer, made in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary, research or experimental expenditures which are— (A) paid or incurred by the taxpayer in connection with his trade or business, (B) not