1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Sickle Cell Care Expansion Act of 2023 . 2. Advancing treatment and research pertaining to sickle cell disease Part D of title III of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 254b et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: XIII Advancing treatment and research pertaining to sickle cell disease 340J. Scholarship and loan repayment program (a) In general To advance learning regarding sickle cell disease and to enhance the supply of physicians to treat such disease, especially with respect to adult populations, the Secretary, acting through the Administrator of the Health Resources and Services Administration, shall carry out a program consisting of entering into contracts with individuals under which— (1) the Secretary awards a scholarship under subsection (b) or agrees to make loan repayments under subsection (c) with respect to each individual; and (2) the individual agrees to serve for a period (in this section referred to as the period of obligated service ) as a physician engaged in— (A) sickle cell disease research; or (B) service in a public or private setting that is primarily focused on treatment and education related to sickle cell disease in a health care facility, clinic, rural health clinic, mobile medical asset, or other facility as determined by the Secretary. (b) Scholarships (1) Eligibility To be eligible to participate in the scholarship program under this section, an individual shall— (A) be accepted for enrollment, or be enrolled, as a full-time student in an accredited (as determined by the Secretary) educational institution in a State and in a course of study or program offered by such institution and approved by the Secretary, leading to a degree in medicine or osteopathic medicine; (B) submit an application to participate in the scholarship program