; and (2) by adding at the end the following: (b) Audit The Secretary shall conduct an annual compliance audit of not less than 10 percent of the reports submitted under section 2 for the year covered by the audit to ensure the completeness and accuracy of reports submitted under that section. (c) Training The Secretary shall provide annual training to State and county-level personnel relating to identifying agricultural land for which— (1) a report is required to be submitted under section 2; but (2) no report has been submitted by the applicable foreign person. . (c) Reports Section 6 of the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 ( 7 U.S.C. 3505 ) is amended— (1) by striking the section designation and heading and all that follows through Not later than and inserting the following: 6. Reports (a) To States Not later than ; and (2) by adding at the end the following: (b) To Congress (1) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Farmland Security Act of 2023 , and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing the results of the research carried out under paragraph (2). (2) Research The Secretary shall carry out research on— (A) the agricultural leasing activities in the United States of foreign persons, including the impact of those activities on family farms, rural communities, and the domestic food supply; (B) trends relating to the purchase of agricultural land in the United States by foreign-owned shell corporations; and (C) foreign ownership of agricultural production capacity and foreign participation in agricultural economic activity in the United States. . (d) Authorization of appropriations The Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 ( 7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: 11. Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this Act $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2028. .