; and (4) with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Aviation Safety Reporting System. (d) Research (1) In general The research undertaken pursuant to this section shall prioritize understanding the ways that various forms of human factors contribute to aviation safety risk. (2) Factors The factors described in paragraph (1) may include fatigue and distraction during critical phases of work among pilots or other aviation personnel, tasks and workload, organizational structure and culture, communication among personnel, adherence to safety procedures, and any other relevant factors that are the cause or potential cause of human error in aviation operations. (3) Highly automated aircraft Research should seek ways to improve the design of highly automated aircraft to reduce instances of mode confusion and to combat problems of reduced awareness of basic flight parameters resulting from complacency about automated systems. (e) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated $20,000,000 for carrying out the program described in this section for each fiscal year from 2024 through 2029, including grants to participating research institutions, including the academic institutions that make up the FAA’s Consortium in Aviation Operations Research (NEXTOR III), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the FAA’s Office of Safety, the NextGen office, and units within the FAA’s Air Traffic Organization that work on safety issues. (f) Sunset The program shall terminate on the date that is 6 years after the date on which the program is established. 8. Using instrument approach procedures as backups to visual approaches (a) Report Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall issue a report to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate that uses a representative sample of part 121 and part 129 air carriers to review the current