; Whereas immigrants are more likely to have advanced degrees than native-born people of the United States; Whereas more than 1,000,000 international students are enrolled in colleges and universities across the United States, comprising about 5 percent of the total higher education population and helping make the United States the global leader in higher education; Whereas approximately 100,000 international students each year would hope to stay and work in the United States, if an immigration option were available to them; Whereas the immigration system of the United States has not been meaningfully updated in more than 30 years and is now outdated and overburdened, turning away highly skilled workers and international student graduates and putting the global leadership of the United States at risk; Whereas allowing international student graduates interested in remaining in the United States to secure a permanent immigration status would expand the economy by $233,000,000,000 during the next decade and would help reduce STEM-related talent shortages by 25 percent; Whereas national security experts agree that it is essential for the United States to maintain its military exceptionalism by being the leader in advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, cyber, quantum, robotics, directed energy, and hypersonic weapons, which are all STEM fields where immigrants fill dangerous labor shortages in the United States; Whereas, due to population aging and longer life expectancy of the population in the United States requiring an increase in health care workers, immigrants are expected to fill a crucial need in the future health care system of the United States essential to keeping the people of the United States healthy; Whereas, if undocumented individuals who came to the United States as children (commonly referred to as Dreamers ) alone were provided a pathway to citizenship, they would contribute approximately $799,000,000,000 to the economy of the United States during the next 10 years