; and (ii) (I) converted into a raw material with minimal loss of material quality; (II) used in the production of a new product, including the original covered product or beverage container; or (III) in the case of composting or organic recycling, productively used for soil improvement. (B) Exclusions The term recycle does not include— (i) a method of sorting, processing, and aggregating materials from solid waste that does not preserve original material quality, as a result of which the aggregated material— (I) is no longer usable for— (aa) the initial purpose; or (bb) a substantially similar purpose; and (II) can only be used for an inferior purpose or product (commonly referred to as downcycling ); (ii) the use of waste— (I) as a fuel or fuel substitute; (II) for energy production; (III) for repurposing into infrastructure, including— (aa) pavement for streets or sidewalks; (bb) building materials; and (cc) other infrastructure projects, as determined by the Administrator; (IV) for alternate operating cover; or (V) within the footprint of a landfill; or (iii) the conversion of waste into an alternative product, such as a chemical, feedstock, fuel, or energy, through— (I) incineration; (II) pyrolysis; (III) hydropyrolysis; (IV) methanolysis; (V) gasification; or (VI) a similar technology, as determined by the Administrator. (21) Redeem The term redeem means to return to a retailer or producer an empty beverage container in exchange for a refund of the applicable amount under section 12108(c). (22) Redemption center The term redemption center means a facility established under section 12108(e)(2). (23) Refillable; reusable The term refillable or reusable , with respect to a beverage container or covered product, means that the beverage container or covered product is— (A) explicitly designed and marketed to be used— (i) by a producer or consumer, multiple times for the same or a similar product; or (ii) by a producer, for another purposeful packaging use in a supply chain