; (B) lasers; (C) radio frequency, microwave, and other electronics; (D) electron spin; (E) cryogenic technologies; (F) low-disorder or low-defect materials development and fabrication; and (G) any other critical enabling technology. 2. Establishment of Manufacturing USA institute for quantum manufacturing (a) Definition of Manufacturing USA institute In this section, the term Manufacturing USA institute has the meaning given such term in section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act ( 15 U.S.C. 278s(d) ). (b) Establishment of Manufacturing USA institute The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall— (1) determine the manufacturing capabilities necessary to produce reliable quantum components and systems at scale and the gaps in access to such capabilities; and (2) establish, or award financial assistance, under section 34(e)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act ( 15 U.S.C. 278s(e)(1) ) to plan, establish, or support, a Manufacturing USA institute that— (A) provides an end-to-end manufacturing ecosystem addressing quantum computing, quantum sensing, and quantum communication; (B) includes within the end-to-end ecosystem provided pursuant to paragraph (1) the capability to design, fabricate, and test materials, devices, structures, and manufacturing processes for quantum technologies or systems, as well as the capacity to develop and create jobs for a coordinated advanced manufacturing and quantum engineering workforce; (C) provides access to prototyping, both at research scale and commercial scale, for researchers and developers working on quantum component technologies and systems and manufacturing process innovations to facilitate the transition into scalable, cost-effective, and high-performing manufacturing capabilities