; and (F) effects on human population, including population displacement and adverse health effects such as the spread of infectious diseases and climate-related conditions such as asthma. (9) Scientists project that under a midrange estimate of global warming, by 2050, roughly one-third of animal and plant species will be committed to extinction. (10) The Energy Information Administration’s International Energy Outlook report estimates an increase of 20 percent in global carbon dioxide emissions between 2021 and 2050. (11) Decisive action is needed to minimize the many dangers posed by global warming. (12) The timing of such action is critical, given that greenhouse gases can persist in the atmosphere for more than a century. (13) With less than 5 percent of the world population, the United States emits approximately 11.5 percent of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions and must be a leader in addressing global warming. (14) The State of California, the 5th largest economy in the world, has shown that renewable energy standards and greenhouse gas emissions regulation can reduce greenhouse gas emissions while fostering significant economic growth. (15) Existing energy efficiency and clean, renewable energy technologies can reduce global warming pollution, while saving consumers money, reducing our dependence on oil, enhancing national security, cleaning the air, and protecting pristine places from drilling and mining. I Renewable energy 101. National renewable energy standard Title VI of the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 is amended by adding at the end the following: 610. National renewable energy standard (a) In general The Secretary shall promulgate regulations requiring that— (1) beginning in calendar year 2023, the percentage of electric energy generated from renewable sources that is sold at the retail level in the United States shall increase each year