1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Emergency Access to Insulin Act of 2023 . 2. Insulin assistance programs (a) In general Part B of title III of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 243 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: 320C. Insulin assistance programs (a) Establishment of program of grants to States, Indian tribes, and tribal organizations (1) In general The Secretary shall, not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, make grants to States, Indian tribes, and tribal organizations for the purpose of carrying out programs to assist eligible individuals in obtaining insulin in accordance with paragraph (4). (2) Grant and contract authority for States, Indian tribes, and tribal organizations (A) In general A State, Indian tribe, or tribal organization receiving a grant under paragraph (1) may, subject to subparagraph (B), expend the grant to carry out the purpose described in such paragraph through grants or contracts to public or private entities, including local governments. (B) Certain applications If a nonprofit private entity and a private entity that is not a nonprofit entity both submit applications to a State, Indian tribe, or tribal organization to receive an award of a grant or contract under subparagraph (A), the State, Indian tribe, or tribal organization shall give priority to the application submitted by the nonprofit private entity in any case in which the State, Indian tribe, or tribal organization determines that the quality of such application is equivalent to the quality of the application submitted by the other private entity. (3) Allotment Each State, Indian tribe, or tribal organization that applies for a grant in accordance with subsection (e) shall receive a grant under this section in an amount that is equal to the sum of— (A) a minimum amount determined by the Secretary