; (2) by redesignating paragraphs (15) through (37), (38), (39), and (40) through (51) as paragraphs (18) through (40), (42), (43), and (45) through (56), respectively; (3) by inserting after paragraph (14) the following: (15) Crypto asset (A) In general Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the term crypto asset has the meaning given the term in section 9801 of title 31, United States Code. (B) Exclusion The term crypto asset does not include an asset that provides the holder of the asset with any of the following rights in a business entity: (i) A debt or equity interest in that entity. (ii) Liquidation rights with respect to that entity. (iii) An entitlement to an interest or dividend payment from that entity. (iv) Any other financial interest in that entity. (16) Crypto asset exchange The term crypto asset exchange means a trading facility that lists for trading at least 1 crypto asset. (17) Decentralized crypto asset exchange (A) In general The term decentralized crypto asset exchange means software that— (i) comprises predetermined and publicly disclosed code deployed to a public distributed ledger; (ii) permits a user or group of users to create a pool or group of pools for crypto assets; (iii) enables a user or group of users to conduct crypto asset transactions from a pool or group of pools, with such transactions occurring pursuant to the code described in clause (i); and (iv) no person, or group of persons, known to one another who have entered into an agreement (implied or otherwise) to act in concert, can unilaterally control or cause to control the software protocol through altering transactions, functions, or actions on the protocol, or blocking or approving transactions on the protocol. (B) Rule of construction For the purposes of subparagraph (A)(iv), the term control shall not include mining, validation, or the communication of transactions to a distributed ledger.