1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Smart Sentencing Adjustments Act . 2. Grant program (a) In general Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Street Act of 1968 ( 34 U.S.C. 10101 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: PP State prison population reduction grant program. 3061. Definitions In this part: (1) Implementation grant The term implementation grant means a grant awarded to a State for the purpose of reducing the prison population of the State by not less than 20 percent, based on the average total prison population of the State for the 3-year period preceding the date on which the State applies for the implementation grant under section 3062(d). (2) Planning grant The term planning grant means a grant awarded to a State for the purpose of— (A) analyzing criminal justice trends and factors to better understand excessive and unnecessary prison incarceration; and (B) exploring the feasibility of developing, adopting, and implementing policy changes to ameliorate criminal justice trends and factors causing excessive and unnecessary prison incarceration. (3) Prison The term prison means a publicly or privately operated institution of a State for the confinement of an individual convicted of a criminal offense with a sentence of not less than 1 year. (4) State The term State has the meaning given the term in section 901. 3062. Grant program (a) In general Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Smart Sentencing Adjustments Act , the Attorney General shall award planning grants and implementation grants to States, on a competitive basis, in accordance with this section. (b) Planning grants (1) Applications A State seeking a planning grant under this section shall submit to the Attorney General an application at such time and in such manner as the Attorney General may require, which shall include— (A) a description of the State’s need for a planning grant