1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Tribal Nutrition Improvement Act of 2023 . 2. Categorical eligibility Section 9(b)(5) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1758(b)(5) ) is amended— (1) in subparagraph (D), by striking or at the end; (2) in subparagraph (E)(ii), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; or ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (F) a child who is an enrolled member, or who has 1 or more parents who are enrolled members, of an Indian tribe (as defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 5304 )). . 3. Reimbursement rates Section 12(f) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1760(f) ) is amended— (1) by striking and before the Commonwealth ; (2) by inserting and geographic areas that serve Bureau-funded schools (as defined in section 1141 of the Education Amendments of 1978 ( 25 U.S.C. 2021 )) and elementary schools and secondary schools (as those terms are defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 7801 )) on or near an Indian reservation before the Secretary ; (3) by inserting or area, as applicable, after such State ; and (4) by inserting or areas, as applicable, after those States . 4. Tribally operated meal pilot program Section 18 of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1769 ) is amended by inserting after subsection (c) the following: (d) Tribally operated meal pilot program (1) Definitions In this subsection: (A) Covered institution The term covered institution means— (i) a Bureau-funded school (as defined in section 1141 of the Education Amendments of 1978 ( 25 U.S.C. 2021 )); (ii) a school (as such term is defined in section 12(d) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1760(d) ) on or near an Indian reservation