; (B) a certified union or recognized union or group of workers that is representative of an industry engaged in the manufacture, production, or wholesale in the United States of like merchandise or competing merchandise; or (C) a trade or business association a majority of the members of which manufacture, produce, or wholesale like merchandise or competing merchandise in the United States. (2) Competing merchandise For purposes of paragraph (1), the term competing merchandise means merchandise that competes with or is a substitute for merchandise being imported into the United States in violation of section 592(a). (3) Like merchandise For purposes of paragraph (1), the term like merchandise means merchandise that is like, or in the absence of like, most similar in characteristics and uses with, merchandise being imported into the United States in violation of section 592(a). . 4. Exclusion of persons that have committed fraudulent or grossly negligent violations of United States customs laws from participation in the importer of record program Section 114 of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015 ( 19 U.S.C. 4320 ) is amended— (1) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsection (d) and (e), respectively