1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Federal Firefighter Cancer Detection and Prevention Act of 2023 . 2. Medical testing and related services for firefighters of Department of Defense (a) Provision of services During the annual periodic health assessment of each firefighter of the Department of Defense, or at such other intervals as may be indicated in this subsection, the Secretary shall provide to the firefighter (at no cost to the firefighter) appropriate medical testing and related services to detect, document the presence or absence of, and prevent, certain cancers. Such services shall meet, at a minimum, the following criteria: (1) Breast cancer With respect to the breast cancer screening, if the firefighter is a female firefighter— (A) such services shall include the provision of a mammogram to the firefighter— (i) on at least a biannual basis if the firefighter is 40 years old to 49 years old (inclusive); (ii) on at least an annual basis if the firefighter is at least 50 years old; and (iii) as clinically indicated (without regard to age); and (B) in connection with such provision, a licensed radiologist shall review the most recent mammogram provided to the firefighter, as compared to prior mammograms so provided, and provide to the firefighter the results of such review. (2) Colon cancer With respect to colon cancer screening— (A) if the firefighter is at least 40 years old, and as otherwise clinically indicated, such services shall include the communication to the firefighter of the risks and benefits of stool-based blood testing; (B) if the firefighter is at least 45 years old, and as clinically indicated (without regard to age), such services shall include the provision, at regular intervals, of visual examinations (such as a colonoscopy, CT colonoscopy, or flexible sigmoidoscopy) or stool-based blood testing