; foreign company; spyware; covered entity The terms foreign commercial spyware , foreign company , spyware , and covered entity have the meanings given those terms in section 1102A of the National Security Act of 1947 ( 50 U.S.C. 3231 et seq. ). (2) Foreign person The term foreign person means a person that is not a United States person. (3) Knowingly The term knowingly with respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the result. (4) United States person The term United States person means— (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to the United States; (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; or (C) a person in the United States.