; (5) at least 363 journalists worldwide were in prison in relation to their work as of December 1, 2022, a new global high that overtakes last year’s record by 20 percent and marks another grim milestone in a deteriorating media landscape; and (6) Iran, China, Burma, Türkiye (Turkey), and Belarus were the top 5 jailers of journalists worldwide, respectively, responsible for nearly 60 percent of all jailed journalists; Whereas the People’s Republic of China maintains one of the most repressive media environments in the world, with at least 104 journalists being currently detained according to Reporters Without Borders, and seeks to curtail freedom of expression and political speech inside and outside the country, including by— (1) targeting independent and foreign media in China through systematic harassment, including the denial of visas to foreign journalists, imprisonment, the denial of medical care to imprisoned journalists, and curtailing access to legal representation; (2) pervasively monitoring and censoring online and social media content, including through the banning of virtual private networks; (3) spreading propaganda to foreign audiences through the United Front Work Department and related activities; (4) indiscriminately stifling dissent and freedom of expression in Hong Kong, especially through the arbitrary use of national security legislation such as the 2020 National Security Law, which has led to the suppression of all meaningful political dissent, including the closure of several independent news organizations and the imprisonment of at least 28 journalists over the past 3 years, at least 13 of whom are currently detained according to Reporters Without Borders, including Jimmy Lai, the founder of Apple Daily and an outspoken democracy advocate, who is facing charges that could result in life imprisonment