1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Combatting Foreign Surveillance Spyware Sanctions Act . 2. Sanctions for proliferation or use of foreign commercial spyware (a) Policy It is the policy of the United States— (1) to act decisively against counterintelligence threats posed by foreign commercial spyware by degrading the ability of companies selling foreign commercial spyware to provide their services to users who act contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States; (2) to act decisively against the individuals who lead entities selling foreign commercial spyware and who are involved in activities contrary to the national security or foreign policy interests of the United States; and (3) to deter the use of foreign commercial spyware for improper purposes, such as to— (A) target and intimidate perceived opponents; (B) curb dissent; (C) limit freedoms of expression, peaceful assembly, or association; (D) enable other human rights abuses or suppression of civil liberties; or (E) track or target United States persons. (b) Discretionary sanctions In order to advance the policy objectives under subsection (a), the President may impose the sanctions described in subsection (c) with respect to— (1) a covered entity the President determines to pose a risk to the national security of the United States which knowingly develops, maintains, owns, operates, brokers, markets, sells, leases, licenses, or otherwise makes available spyware that has enabled the targeting of United States Government officials, or personnel of the intelligence community; (2) any foreign person who— (A) is a current or former senior officer of an entity described in paragraph (1); and (B) knowingly engages in the sale of foreign commercial spyware that allows for the targeting of United States Government officials, or personnel of the intelligence community; or (3) any foreign person who— (A) is an official of a foreign government or is acting for or on behalf of such official