; and (D) greater use on marginal land. (7) Soil amendments impact studies The Secretary shall carry out research and field studies on the longevity and impact of soil amendments, such as biochar and reactive minerals, on productivity, soil carbon retention, nutrient and water use, albedo, and other factors. (8) Measurement, modeling, and predictive tool development (A) In general The Secretary shall carry out research to improve existing carbon sequestration measurement and modeling tools and the development of simulation-based tools to predict and quantify soil carbon sequestration. (B) Collaboration The Secretary shall carry out the activities under subparagraph (A) in collaboration with the Director of the National Science Foundation. (9) Climate hubs (A) In general The Secretary shall carry out activities relating to increasing the capacity of Department climate hubs and other research units to deliver climate- and carbon dioxide removal-related science and tools to farmers, ranchers, and forest planners and managers. (B) Collaboration The Secretary shall carry out the activities under subparagraph (A) in collaboration with the Chief of the Forest Service. (10) Bioprospecting (A) In general The Secretary shall carry out activities relating to the development of tools and high-throughput screening for organisms with unique attributes relating to carbon dioxide conversion. (B) Collaboration The Secretary shall carry out the activities under subparagraph (A) in collaboration with the Director of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy. (11) New materials development and applications (A) In general The Secretary shall carry out activities relating to development of new carbon dioxide utilization products. (B) Collaboration The Secretary shall carry out the activities under subparagraph (A) in collaboration with the Assistant Secretary for Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the Department of Energy. (12) Other activities The Secretary shall carry out other carbon dioxide removal