1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Leading Against White Supremacy Act of 2023 . 2. White supremacy inspired hate crime (a) In general A person engages in a white supremacy inspired hate crime when white supremacy ideology has motivated the planning, development, preparation, or perpetration of actions that constituted a crime or were undertaken in furtherance of activity that, if effectuated, would have constituted a crime. (b) Conspiracy A conspiracy to engage in white supremacy inspired hate crime shall be determined to exist— (1) between two or more persons engaged in the planning, development, preparation, or perpetration of a white supremacy inspired hate crime; or (2) between two or more persons— (A) at least one of whom engaged in the planning, development, preparation, or perpetration of a white supremacy inspired hate crime; and (B) at least one of whom published material advancing white supremacy, white supremacist ideology, antagonism based on replacement theory , or hate speech that vilifies or is otherwise directed against any non-White person or group, and such published material— (i) was published on a social media platform or by other means of publication with the likelihood that it would be viewed by persons who are predisposed to engaging in any action in furtherance of a white supremacy inspired hate crime, or who are susceptible to being encouraged to engage in actions in furtherance of a white supremacy inspired hate crime; (ii) could, as determined by a reasonable person, motivate actions by a person predisposed to engaging in a white supremacy inspired hate crime or by a person who is susceptible to being encouraged to engage in actions relating to a white supremacy inspired hate crime