; and (B) includes any flight or flight segment that is between the airport in which the aircraft for the covered flight is based and the airport the passengers of a flight described in subparagraph (A) board or disembark. (5) Covered operational cost The term covered operational cost means the following: (A) A cost that is actually incurred in connection with a covered flight, including the following: (i) In the case of a volunteer pilot who rents the aircraft used for a covered flight, the cost of rental fees and other operating expenses not included in the rental fees that are incurred by such pilot for a covered flight, except that such costs may not unreasonably exceed the cost of owning and operating the aircraft, which includes maintenance costs, storage fees, airport expenditures, and, for an owner that is in the business of renting aircraft, the cost of doing business and making a reasonable profit. (ii) In the case of a volunteer pilot who does not rent the aircraft used for a covered flight, the cost of fuel, oil, and airport expenditures incurred by such pilot for a covered flight. (iii) Meals, lodging, and related expenses. (B) Any nonmonetary benefit that may be considered compensation (as such term is used in title 49, United States Code, and title 14, Code of Federal Regulations), including logged flight hours, goodwill, any applicable tax deduction permitted under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, and any other indirect economic benefit. (6) Volunteer pilot (A) In general The term volunteer pilot means a person who— (i) acts as pilot in command of a covered flight