; or (2) adjust the obligation to preserve the interests of all parties. (c) Misdemeanor A person that knowingly takes an action that violates this section, or attempts to take an action that violates this section, shall be fined as provided in title 18, United States Code, or imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both. 9. Student loans (a) Definition of student loan In this section, the term student loan means the following: (1) A loan made, insured, or guaranteed under title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq. ), including any Federal Direct Stafford Loan, Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan, Federal Direct PLUS Loan, or Federal Direct Consolidation Loan. (2) A private education loan, as such term is defined in section 140(a) of the Truth in Lending Act ( 15 U.S.C. 1650(a) ). (b) Application to student loans This section shall apply to any situation in which— (1) the student loan payment of a Federal worker falls due or remains unpaid during a shutdown