of not less than $250,000, but not more than the total amount of gifts or contracts reported by such institution in the database required under section 117B(a)(2). (ii) Subsequent violations In the case of an institution that has been fined pursuant to clause (i) with respect to a calendar year, and that knowingly or willfully fails to comply with a requirement of section 117B with respect to any additional calendar year, the Secretary shall impose a fine on the institution with respect to any such additional calendar year in an amount that is not less than $500,000, but not more than twice the total amount of gifts or contracts reported by such institution in the database required under section 117B(a)(2). (D) Section 117C (i) First-time violations In the case of a specified institution that knowingly or willfully fails to comply with a requirement of section 117C with respect to a calendar year, and that has not previously knowingly or willfully failed to comply with such a requirement, the Secretary shall impose a fine on the institution in an amount that is not less than 50 percent and not more than 100 percent of the sum of— (I) the aggregate fair market value of all investments of concern held by such institution as of the close of such calendar year