agent performs any of the functions described in item (cc). (bb) Independent community pharmacy The term independent community pharmacy means a retail pharmacy, including a pharmacy that is associated with a franchise or a pharmacy services administrative organization, that has fewer than 4 locations and is not affiliated with any person or entity other than its owners. (cc) Pharmacy benefit manager The term pharmacy benefit manager means any person or entity that, either directly or through an intermediary, acts as a price negotiator or group purchaser on behalf of a PDP sponsor or prescription drug plan, or manages the prescription drug benefits provided by such sponsor or plan, including the processing and payment of claims for prescription drugs, the performance of drug utilization review, the processing of drug prior authorization requests, the adjudication of appeals or grievances related to the prescription drug benefit, contracting with network pharmacies, controlling the cost of covered part D drugs, or the provision of related services. Such term includes any person or entity that carries out one or more of the activities described in the preceding sentence, irrespective of whether such person or entity identifies itself as a pharmacy benefit manager . (dd) Total reimbursement The term total reimbursement means, with respect to a covered part D drug, the negotiated price (as defined in section 1860D–2(d)(1)(B)) plus any incentive payments paid by the PDP sponsor to such essential retail pharmacy that is an independent community pharmacy net of any fees, pharmacy price concessions, discounts, or any other forms of remuneration paid by such pharmacy and furnished by such PDP sponsor under section 1860D–2(f)(4). . (c) Enforcement (1) In general Section 1860D–4(b)(1) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395w–104(b)(1) ) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: (F) Enforcement of standards for reasonable and relevant contract terms and conditions and essential retail pharmacy