; (18) pursuant to the findings and recommendations of the United States-Puerto Rico Commission on the Status of Puerto Rico, the Puerto Rico legislature enacted the Act of December 23, 1966 (Puerto Rico Act No. 1), which called for a plebiscite on the status of Puerto Rico; (19) in the July 23, 1967, plebiscite— (A) 60.4 percent of voters in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico voted for commonwealth status; (B) 39 percent of voters in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico voted for statehood; and (C) 0.6 percent of voters in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico voted for independence; (20) in 1989, on the joint request of the pro-Commonwealth Governor of Puerto Rico and the presidents of the pro-statehood and pro-independence parties, the Senate took up the issue of Puerto Rico self-determination through S. 712 (101st Congress) and S. 244 (102nd Congress), which recognized that Commonwealth, statehood, and independence were valid options for the status of Puerto Rico; (21) the failure of the 1989 effort with respect to statehood and the coming to power in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico of a pro-statehood government in 1992, 1996, 2008, and 2016 prompted a string of locally legislated referenda, with each subsequent referendum increasingly deviating from Federal policy, particularly with respect to an effort to undermine the commonwealth status to the benefit of statehood; (22) the first referendum was held in 1993, allowing each of the political parties to provide the definition of the particular status option, under which— (A) 48.6 percent of voters in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico voted for commonwealth status; (B) 46.3 percent of voters in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico voted for statehood; and (C) 4.4 percent of voters in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico voted for independence; (23) during a second referendum held in 1998— (A) the pro-statehood government— (i) drafted the ballot language for all status options; and (ii) identified each status option by number rather than by name