; and (B) in the case of any successful action, the costs of the action and reasonable attorney’s fees, as determined by the court. (f) Enforcement by States (1) In general In any case in which the attorney general of a State has reason to believe that an interest of the residents of the State has been or is threatened or adversely affected by any person who violates any provision of section 3 or 5(a) or any rule promulgated under this Act to carry out such section, the attorney general of the State, as parens patriae, may bring a civil action on behalf of the residents of the State in an appropriate State court or an appropriate district court of the United States to— (A) enjoin any further such violation by the person; (B) compel compliance with section 3 or 5(a) or any such rule; (C) obtain a permanent, temporary, or preliminary injunction; (D) obtain damages, restitution, or other compensation on behalf of the residents of the State; or (E) obtain any other appropriate equitable relief. (2) Preservation of state powers Nothing in this subsection shall be construed as altering, limiting, or affecting the authority of the attorney general of a State to— (A) bring an action or other regulatory proceeding arising solely under the laws in effect in that State