1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Advancing Research on Agricultural Climate Impacts Act of 2023 . 2. Definition of Secretary In this Act, the term Secretary means the Secretary of Agriculture. 3. Standard soil carbon measurement methodology (a) Methodology (1) In general Not later than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall develop a standardized methodology to directly measure soil carbon for research and conservation purposes. (2) Review In developing the methodology under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct a review of widely used existing methodologies for direct soil carbon measurement. (3) Consultation In developing the methodology under paragraph (1) and conducting the review under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall consult with— (A) agricultural producers, including socially disadvantaged farmers and ranchers (as defined in section 355(e) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act ( 7 U.S.C. 2003(e) )); (B) soil carbon experts; (C) nonprofit organizations; (D) academic researchers; and (E) other stakeholders who reflect the operational, geographic, and socioeconomic diversity of United States agricultural operations. (4) Requirements The methodology developed under paragraph (1) shall, to the maximum extent practicable— (A) be usable at any location at which soil carbon can be directly measured; (B) (i) require measurement to a standard soil depth sufficient for measuring the core set of variables described in paragraph (5), determined using the best available science; or (ii) if measurement to the standard soil depth described in clause (i) is not practicable due to insufficient soil depth or other factors relating to the applicable sample site, require measurement in accordance with an alternate approach developed by the Secretary, using the best available science, that— (I) requires measurement to the maximum allowable depth of a sample site