; (B) reimburse a network pharmacy or pharmacist in an amount less than the amount the pharmacy benefit manager would reimburse a network pharmacy that is owned, controlled by, or affiliated with the pharmacy benefit manager for dispensing the same drug or for providing the same pharmacist services; or (C) directly or indirectly engage in steering (as defined in paragraph (2)) to a pharmacy that is owned, controlled by, or affiliated with the pharmacy benefit manager. (2) Steering In paragraph (1), the term steering with respect to a pharmacy benefit manager includes— (A) providing or implementing a benefit plan design that encourages a participant or beneficiary to utilize a pharmacy that is owned, controlled by, or affiliated with the pharmacy benefit manager, if such plan design increases costs for the plan or the participant or beneficiary, including requiring a participant or beneficiary to pay higher out-of-pocket costs for a prescription if the participant or beneficiary chooses not to use a pharmacy owned, controlled by, or affiliated with the pharmacy benefit manager; (B) requiring a participant or beneficiary to use only a pharmacy that is owned, controlled by, or affiliated with the pharmacy benefit manager; (C) retaliating, making further attempts to influence a participant or beneficiary, or treating a participant or beneficiary or a participant or beneficiary’s claim any differently if a participant or beneficiary chooses to use a pharmacy that is not owned, controlled by, or affiliated with the pharmacy benefit manager