; (D) that is included on the list published by the Secretary of State pursuant to section 404(b)(1) of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008 ( 22 U.S.C. 2370c–1(b)(1) ) as a government that recruits and uses child soldiers; or (E) the government of which the United States determines to have committed genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, or ethnic cleansing. 9. Confronting digital authoritarianism (a) Statement of policy It is the policy of the United States— (1) to combat digital authoritarianism, including the use of digital technologies, that— (A) restricts the exercise of civil and political rights; (B) weakens democratic processes and institutions, including elections; or (C) surveils, censors, or represses human rights defenders, democracy activists, civil society actors, independent media, or political opponents; (2) to counter misinformation and disinformation, especially in the digital domain; (3) to promote internet freedom and elevate the protection of human rights and democratic principles in the design and deployment of current and emerging technologies; and (4) to support efforts to counter government censorship and surveillance, including efforts— (A) to bypass internet shutdowns and other forms of censorship, including blocks on services through circumvention technologies