; and (B) construction, reconstruction, rehabilitation, replacement, or expansion. (18) Direct loan The term direct loan has the meaning given the term in section 502 of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 ( 2 U.S.C. 661a ). (19) Disadvantaged community The term disadvantaged community means a county, city, partial census tract area, or Tribal government, with any of the following characteristics: (A) Persistent poverty, meaning 20 percent or more of its population living in poverty over the past 30 years, as measured by the 1990 and 2000 decennial censuses, and 2007–2011 American Community Survey 5–6 year average, or any territory or possession of the United States. (B) A federally recognized area of economic distress, meaning— (i) a HUBZone, as that term is defined in section 31(b) of the Small Business Act ( 15 U.S.C. 657a(b) ); or (ii) an area that— (I) has been designated as an empowerment zone under section 1391 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; (II) a Promise Zone by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development; or (III) is a low or moderate income area, as determined by the Department of Housing and Urban Development; or (iii) a qualified opportunity zone, as defined in section 1400Z–1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. (20) Energy infrastructure project The term energy infrastructure project means any project for energy transmission and distribution, energy generation as needed, or energy efficiency, coordination, and reliability. (21) Entity The term entity means— (A) a State, municipality, or other governmental agency (including a political subdivision or any other instrumentality of a State or a revolving fund); (B) a publicly owned utility; (C) a public authority, public corporation, cooperative, or Federal agency, any of which is authorized to contract indebtedness; (D) an Indian tribe, including Tribal elected leadership, or an infrastructure authority owned by a Tribe; (E) a partnership (including a public-private partnership); (F) a joint venture