1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Rural Residency Planning and Development Act of 2024 . 2. Rural residency planning and development programs Title III of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 241 et seq. ) is amended by inserting after section 330A–2 the following: 330A–3. Rural residency planning and development program and rural residency planning and development technical assistance program (a) Definition of rural residency program In this section, the term rural residency program means a physician residency program, including a rural track program, accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (or a similar body) that— (1) trains residents in rural areas (as defined by the Secretary) for more than 50 percent of the total time of their residency; and (2) primarily focuses on producing physicians who will practice in rural areas, as defined by the Secretary. (b) Rural residency planning and development program (1) Definition of eligible entity In this subsection, the term eligible entity — (A) means— (i) a domestic public or private nonprofit or for-profit entity; or (ii) an Indian Tribe or Tribal organization