; (B) the requirements of any applicable area source standard under this section shall apply to that reclassified source; and (C) the owner or operator of the reclassified source shall annually supply monitoring data of the reclassified source to reconfirm the reclassification. . 5. Standards of performance for new stationary sources (a) In general Section 111 of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7411 ) is amended— (1) in subsection (b)— (A) in paragraph (1)— (i) in subparagraph (B), in the first sentence, by inserting and subject to subparagraph (C) after subparagraph (A) ; and (ii) by adding at the end the following: (C) Limitation The Administrator may not establish a new Federal standard of performance for a new source until such time as the technology proposed to serve as the best system of emission reduction under the proposed new standard of performance— (i) represents not less than 5 percent of the deployed systems already in use at the time the new standard of performance is proposed; and (ii) has been demonstrated to fully achieve the emission standards of the proposed standard of performance. ; and (B) in paragraph (6), by striking subsection (a)(1)(A)(i) and (ii) and inserting subsection (a)(1) ; (2) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following: (3) Limitation of authority In prescribing regulations under paragraph (1) and otherwise carrying out this subsection, the Administrator may not direct a State— (A) to establish standards of performance for any air pollutants at a location that is not the location of an existing source; or (B) to meet any specific substantive emissions criteria established by the Administrator other than for a criteria air pollutant. ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (k) Treatment of modifications (1) In general For purposes of this section but subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), a modification shall be considered to be a new source only if— (A) the modification expands the capacity or production capability of the source