1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Transparent Automated Governance Act or the TAG Act . 2. Definitions In this Act: (1) Agency The term agency has the meaning given the term in section 3502 of title 44, United States Code. (2) Artificial intelligence The term artificial intelligence has the meaning given the term in section 238(g) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. note prec. 4061; Public Law 115–232 ). (3) Augmented critical decision process The term augmented critical decision process means the use by an agency, or by a third party on behalf of the agency, of an automated system to determine or substantially influence the outcomes of critical decisions. (4) Automated system The term automated system — (A) means a set of computational processes derived from statistics or artificial intelligence techniques, or that otherwise rely on data about specific individuals or groups, to substantially influence the outcome of critical decisions, including computational processes that stand alone or are embedded within another process, system, or application, including paper-based processes; and (B) does not include computational processes or infrastructure the function of which is not directly related to influencing or determining the outcome of critical decisions. (5) Critical decision The term critical decision means an agency determination, including the assignment of a score or classification, related to the status, rights, property, or wellbeing of specific individuals or groups, the outcome of which— (A) is likely to meaningfully differ from one individual or group to another; and (B) meaningfully affects access to, or the cost, terms, or availability of— (i) education and vocational training; (ii) employment; (iii) essential utilities, including electricity, heat, water, and internet; (iv) transportation