1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Federal Firefighter Cancer Detection and Prevention Act of 2023 . 2. Medical testing and related services for firefighters of Department of Defense (a) Provision of services During the annual periodic health assessment of each firefighter of the Department of Defense, or at such other intervals as may be indicated in subsection (b), the Secretary of Defense shall provide to the firefighter (at no cost to the firefighter) appropriate medical testing and related services to detect, document the presence or absence of, and prevent, certain cancers. (b) Criteria Services required to be provided under subsection (a) shall meet, at a minimum, the following criteria: (1) Breast cancer With respect to breast cancer screening, if the firefighter is a female firefighter— (A) such services shall include the provision of a mammogram to the firefighter— (i) if the firefighter is 40 years old to 49 years old (inclusive), not less frequently than twice each year; (ii) if the firefighter is 50 years old or older, not less frequently than annually; and (iii) as clinically indicated (without regard to age); and (B) in connection with the provision of a mammogram under subparagraph (A), a licensed radiologist shall review the most recent mammogram provided to the firefighter, as compared to prior mammograms so provided, and provide to the firefighter the results of such review. (2) Colon cancer With respect to colon cancer screening— (A) if the firefighter is 40 years old or older, or as clinically indicated without regard to age, such services shall include the communication to the firefighter of the risks and benefits of stool-based blood testing; (B) if the firefighter is 45 years old or older, or as clinically indicated without regard to age, such services shall include the provision, at regular intervals, of visual examinations (such as a colonoscopy, CT colonoscopy, or flexible sigmoidoscopy) or stool-based blood testing