; and (D) at Boston Logan International Airport, an incident where an Embraer 190 operated by JetBlue was forced to take evasive action after a Learjet 60 operated by a private charter carrier initiated takeoff without clearance from a runway that intersected the runway that the Embraer 190 had been cleared to use for landing. (3) Following this surge of near-miss incidents involving part 121 air carriers, the National Transportation Safety Board initiated a comprehensive investigation of these incidents to identify commonalities that may have contributed to the incidents, such as communication breakdowns, situational awareness lapses, and inadequate training. This investigation is active and ongoing. (4) The spike in troubling near-miss incidents also spurred the Federal Aviation Administration to convene an Aviation Surface Safety Summit on March 15, 2023, where the Acting Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration warned summit participants and the aviation industry, As I mentioned in my call to action, the biggest mistake we can make as an industry is to become complacent. As a safety professional, if you are comfortable it means you’re probably missing something. . (5) The Chair of the National Transportation Safety Board, the Honorable Jennifer Homendy, also addressed summit participants and called on the aviation community to recognize that, These recent incidents must serve as a wake-up call for every single one of us, before something more catastrophic occurs. Before lives are lost. . (6) A former Chair of the National Transportation Safety Board, the Honorable Robert Sumwalt, described the surge of near-miss commercial aviation incidents in 2023 as a red flag, stating, I look at them like a fever in a human body and that it is signaling that something is not right. I think these are very much precursor events that could be signaling that there's something more serious in the system. . (7) Although the National Transportation Safety Board investigation of these 2023 incidents is active and