1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Ukraine Reconstruction Act of 2023 . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) The Russian Federation, aided and abetted by Belarus, has engaged in egregious and illegal behavior by invading Ukraine in violation of established norms of international law and the United Nations Charter. (2) As recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations, the Group of Seven, the North Atlantic Parliamentary Assembly, and customary international law, the Russian Federation, joined by Belarus, has committed, and continues to commit, violations of international law and the United Nations Charter through its acts of aggression against the civil society of Ukraine, its violation of the civil rights of the Ukrainian peoples, and its unlawful destruction of Ukraine’s infrastructure and agriculture. (3) These actions by the Russian Federation and Belarus constitute an unusual and extraordinary threat to the national security and foreign policy of the United States and to the civilized world. 3. Definitions of Aggressor State and Affiliated Aggressor State (a) Aggressor state The President shall designate the Russian Federation as an Aggressor State for purposes of this Act because of its violations of international law and the United Nations Charter with respect to Ukraine. (b) Affiliated aggressor state The President shall designate Belarus as an Affiliated Aggressor State for purposes of this Act and each other state the Government of which the President determines is providing material assistance to an Aggressor State. 4. Establishment of fund for reconstruction activities As a consequence of the unwarranted and illegal actions of the Aggressor State against Ukraine beginning in 2014, the President shall— (1) exercise all powers granted to the President by the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq. ) to the extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in property and interests in sovereign property of the Aggressor State, including any