critical to informing and executing decisions by the President to initiate and terminate nuclear weapon employment . (6) The National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence recommends that the United States clearly and publicly affirm existing U.S. policy that only human beings can authorize employment of nuclear weapons and seek similar commitments from Russia and China . (7) On February 16, 2023, the Secretary of State issued a Political Declaration on Responsible Military Use of Artificial Intelligence and Autonomy, which states that States should maintain human control and involvement for all actions critical to informing and executing sovereign decisions concerning nuclear weapons . (8) Large-scale nuclear war would lead to the deaths of millions of people, firestorms, radioactive fallout contamination, agricultural failure, and catastrophic climate results. (9) Compliance with international humanitarian law, human control and human legal judgment is essential in the nuclear command and control process. 3. Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) the use of lethal, autonomous nuclear weapons systems that are not subject to meaningful human control cannot properly adhere to international humanitarian law