1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Combating Illicit Xylazine Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Illicit xylazine presents an urgent threat to public health and safety. (2) The proliferation of xylazine as an additive to illicit drugs such as fentanyl and other narcotics threatens to exacerbate the opioid public health emergency. (3) There is currently no drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration to reverse the effects of xylazine in humans. (4) The physical effects of use of xylazine in humans can include depressed breathing and heart rate, unconsciousness, and necrosis, sometimes leading to amputation or other permanent physical health consequences. (5) The spread of illicit xylazine use has followed geographic patterns seen in the spread of recreational fentanyl use, with proliferation beginning in the Northeastern United States and later spreading south and west. (6) Prompt action to control illicit xylazine will help limit further proliferation of illicit xylazine, saving countless lives. 3. Definitions (a) In general In this Act, the term xylazine has the meaning given the term in paragraph (60) of section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act, as added by subsection (b) of this section. (b) Controlled Substances Act Section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act ( 21 U.S.C. 802 ) is amended— (1) by redesignating the second paragraph (57) (relating to serious drug felony) and paragraph (58) as paragraphs (58) and (59), respectively