1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Advanced Weather Model Computing Development Act . 2. Definitions In this Act: (1) Department The term Department means the Department of Energy. (2) National Laboratory The term National Laboratory has the meaning given such term in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 15801 ). (3) Secretary The term Secretary means the Secretary of Energy. (4) Administrator The term Administrator means the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 3. Department of Energy and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration research and development coordination (a) In general The Secretary and Administrator shall carry out collaborative research and development activities in artificial intelligence and high performance computing focused on the advancement of climate models and operational numerical weather prediction relevant to agency missions. (b) Memorandum of understanding The Secretary and Administrator shall carry out the activities under subsection (a) through the establishment of a memorandum of understanding, or other appropriate interagency agreement. Such memorandum or agreement, as the case may be, shall require the use of a competitive, merit-reviewed process, which considers applications from Federal agencies, National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, nonprofit institutions, and other appropriate entities. (c) Activities In carrying out the activities under subsection (a), the Secretary and Administrator may— (1) conduct collaborative research to develop new methods and optimization of modeling and simulation, machine learning, data assimilation, large scale data analytics, and predictive analysis techniques; (2) explore options for performance portability of the optimized weather model codes between the operational computing systems of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Department’s high performance computers