action Nothing in this paragraph shall preclude the Secretary concerned from taking alternative enforcement action before the expiration of the 30-day period described in subparagraph (A). (5) Failure or default (A) In general If a claim holder, license holder, lease holder, or operator (or any person who controls the claim holder, license holder, lease holder, or operator) fails to abate a violation or defaults on the terms of a permit issued under this Act, the Secretary concerned shall forfeit the financial assurance required under section 306 as necessary to ensure abatement and reclamation under this Act. (B) Reclamation by surety The Secretary concerned may prescribe conditions under which a surety may perform reclamation in accordance with section 307 in lieu of forfeiture under subparagraph (A). (6) Pending review The Secretary concerned shall not cause forfeiture of financial assurance while administrative or judicial review is pending. (7) Liability in the event of forfeiture In the event of forfeiture, the claim holder, license holder, lease holder, operator, or any affiliate thereof, as determined appropriate by the Secretary by regulation, shall be jointly and severally liable for any remaining reclamation obligations under this Act. (b) Compliance The Secretary concerned may request that the Attorney General institute a civil action for relief, including a permanent or temporary injunction or restraining order and any other appropriate enforcement order, including the imposition of civil penalties, in the United States district court for the district in which the mineral activities are located, whenever a person— (1) violates, fails, or refuses to comply with any order issued by the Secretary concerned under subsection (a)