; Whereas, in interpreting title IX, Federal courts have correctly held that any entity that exercises controlling authority over a federally funded program is subject to title IX, regardless of whether that entity is itself a recipient of Federal aid; Whereas Federal courts have held that State athletic associations exercise controlling authority over interscholastic athletics programs and are therefore subject to title IX (Among other things, State athletic associations set sports seasons, sponsor State championship tournaments, and set eligibility requirements for student participation in sports. Their membership is comprised primarily of educational institutions that receive Federal funds and must comply with title IX. In order for State athletic associations to control and regulate athletics, member institutions must cede their own ability to control many aspects of their athletics programs to the athletic association.); Whereas Federal courts have correctly reasoned that not subjecting athletic associations to title IX would encourage Federal recipients to empower someone else to promulgate discriminatory policies to avoid title IX liability. Such an interpretation would allow Federal funds to promote sex discrimination and would therefore run afoul of the plain language, meaning, and purpose of title IX; Whereas, like State athletic associations, the NCAA exercises controlling authority over its federally funded member institutions’ athletics programs; Whereas the NCAA is subject to title IX because, pursuant to section 908 of such Act, it is an organization established by two or more colleges or universities that receive Federal funds; Whereas the NCAA is subject to title IX because, pursuant to section 908 of such Act, it is an operation of its federally funded member schools