1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Peer Education and Emergency Response for Mental Health Act of 2023 or the PEER Mental Health Act of 2023 . 2. Grants for peer mental health first aid Title V of the Public Health Service Act is amended by inserting after section 520J of such Act ( 42 U.S.C. 290bb–41 ) the following: 520J–1. Grants for peer mental health first aid (a) In general The Secretary shall award grants to eligible entities— (1) to train teachers, other relevant school personnel (including education support professionals), students, and parents and caregivers of students— (A) to recognize symptoms of childhood and adolescent mental health conditions; (B) to refer teachers, school personnel, students, and their family members to appropriate mental health services if necessary; and (C) to recognize signs of immediate mental distress and, upon recognizing such signs apply mental health first aid tactics