; Whereas Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (commonly known as Hemedti ), a Janjaweed militia leader during the genocide in Darfur that began in 2003, served as head of the RSF and became the deputy head of the Transitional Military Council, which took power from President of Sudan Omar al-Bashir in 2019, and the deputy chairman of the successor Sovereign Council; Whereas the underlying conditions that enabled the genocide in Darfur that began in 2003 were never fully addressed or resolved, and the elevation of individuals who served in leadership of the parties responsible for such genocide, including Hemedti and General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan of the SAF, into leadership roles in the transition government in 2019 only heightened the risk of atrocities across Sudan, including genocide in Darfur; Whereas fighting between the SAF and the RSF broke out in Khartoum on April 15, 2023, and quickly spread to Darfur, where the RSF has taken control of four of five regional capitals in Darfur—Nyala, Geneina, Zalingei, and El Daein; Whereas the reports, including a July 14, 2023, assessment, by the Sudan Conflict Observatory, which is funded by the United States, reveal that actions by the RSF in Darfur, including besieging cities, destroying villages, and committing extrajudicial detentions, killings, and sexual violence against Masalit, Fur, and Zaghawa ethnic groups, mirror the atrocities committed by the Government of Sudan and the Janjaweed militias between 2003 and 2004; Whereas, on August 16, 2023, CNN issued an investigative report on the June 15, 2023, atrocity in El Geneina, the capital of West Darfur, describing the atrocity as one of the most violent incidents in the genocide-scarred Sudanese region’s history , explaining how the powerful paramilitary Rapid Support Forces and its allied militias hunted down non-Arab people in various parts of the city … reviving a genocidal playbook , and in which survivors reported that identifying as Masalit was a death sentence