1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Biochar Research Network Act of 2023 . 2. National biochar research network Title IV of the Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 1998 is amended by inserting before section 404 ( 7 U.S.C. 7624 ) the following: 403. National biochar research network (a) Establishment The Secretary shall establish a national biochar research network (referred to in this section as the research network ) of not more than 20 research sites or facilities described in subsection (c) to test the full range of biochar types across soil types, soil health and soil management conditions, application methods, and climatic and agronomic regions— (1) to assess the soil carbon sequestration potential of various biochars and management systems integrating biochar use; (2) to understand how to use biochar productively to contribute to climate mitigation, crop production, resilience to extreme weather events, ecosystem and soil health, natural resource conservation, and farm profitability; and (3) to deliver science-based, region-specific, cost-effective, and practical information to farmers, ranchers, foresters, land reclamation managers, urban land managers, and other land and natural resource managers and businesses on sustainable biochar production and application. (b) Scope (1) In general The research network shall encompass— (A) agriculture, horticulture, rangeland, forestry, and other biochar uses; and (B) a broad range of feedstocks, production processes, and application treatments. (2) Research The research conducted by the research network shall include— (A) cross-site and mechanistic experiments— (i) to fill critical knowledge gaps and gain a more complete understanding of the impact of various types of biochar in varying site conditions on soil properties, plant growth, greenhouse gas emissions, and carbon sequestration in different soils, climates, and other natural and agronomic conditions