determines appropriate. (3) Selection of topics The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall solicit proposals in and prioritize the following topics in initial selection of centers, subject to merit-review: (A) Quantum sensing and measurement. (B) Quantum engineering. (b) Requirements To the maximum extent practicable, centers developed, constructed, operated, or maintained under this section shall serve the mission of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, for the benefit of the broader United States quantum information science community, to create and develop processes for the following purposes— (1) Advancing research and standardization in quantum information science, engineering, and technology. (2) Advancing technology transfer. (3) Improving the competitiveness of the United States. (c) Collaborations A collaboration that receives an award under this section may include multiple types of research institutions, private sector entities, Federal laboratories, and nonprofit organizations. (d) Coordination The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall ensure awardees coordinate, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the activities carried out under this section with existing activities of the Institute, other activities carried out under this Act, and other related programs, as appropriate. (e) Selection and duration (1) In general The centers established under this section are authorized to carry out activities for a period of five years. (2) Reapplication An awardee may reapply for an additional subsequent period of five years following a successful, merit-based review. (3) Termination Consistent with the authorities of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology may terminate an underperforming center for cause during the performance period. (f) Funding The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall allocate up to $18,000,000 for each