1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Oleksander Ivanov Act of 2023 or Oleksander’s Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) On February 24, 2022, Russia, under the leadership of Vladimir Putin, launched a premeditated war against Ukraine in an attack on democracy and a grave violation of international law, global peace, and security. (2) According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), as of September 19, 2023, there were more than 5.8 million Ukrainian refugees recorded in Europe and more than 369,000 Ukrainian refugees recorded globally. (3) The unjust and brutal war has put millions of Ukrainian women and children at risk of trafficking, millions of children have been deprived of their education and are experiencing trauma, and according to a report by Yale University, more than 6,000 children are in Russians custody. (4) According to a report by Yale University Humanitarian Research Lab (Yale HRL), at least 6,000 children from Ukraine ages four months to 17 years have been held at camps and other facilities within Russia-occupied Crimea and mainland Russia since Russia’s full-scale invasion began. (5) There are at least 43 camps and facilities where the Russian government has interned Ukrainian children. Out of the various camps, 12 are situated near the Black Sea, 7 are found within Russian occupied Crimea, and 10 are grouped around the areas of Moscow, Kazan, and Yekaterinburg. In addition, 11 of these camps are positioned at distances exceeding 500 miles from Ukraine’s border with Russia, with two camps located in Siberia and one in the Far East of Russia. (6) Among the camps identified by Yale University Humanitarian Research Lab, at least 32 (78 percent) of the camps seem to be engaged in organized re-education initiatives that subject Ukrainian children to Russia-focused educational, cultural, patriotic, and/or military teachings. (7) Yale University Humanitarian Research Lab identified two camps that housed children who were alleged to be orphans. Those