(6) According to a 2016 survey, 95 percent of child care centers at 2-year and 4-year colleges across the United States had a waiting list, with the average list containing 82 children. (7) Student parents were 20 percent more likely to leave college without a degree than students without children. (8) The Child Care Access Means Parents in School Federal Grant program under subpart 7 of part A of title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1070e et seq. ) helps over 3,300 students at institutions of higher education afford child care each year, but this program impacts just 0.5 percent of the entire student parent population, and many institutions of higher education do not open their subsidized child care programs to children under age 3. (9) The share of community colleges and 4-year institutions of higher education with on-campus child care has been in decline. Community colleges saw a 10 percent decrease in the number of campuses with child care between 2002 and 2017. (10) Student parents are more likely to be enrolled at community colleges and minority-serving institutions than other institutions of higher education. Over a quarter of all community college students are parents, and in the 2015–2016 academic year, 40 percent of Black women attending college were parents, 3 times the rate for White male college students. (11) Community colleges and minority-serving institutions lead the higher education sector in educating infant and toddler child care providers, especially child care providers of color, so they are the optimal actors for driving quality infant and toddler child care access in their regions. I Establishment of infant and toddler child care leadership grants 101. Purpose The purposes of this title are to expand access to infant and toddler child care for children of students at public community colleges and at minority-serving institutions and to grow, diversify, and strengthen the workforce pipeline of highly effective infant and toddler child care providers, especially in