; and (B) conduct relevant assessments of overall carbon dioxide removal potential. (4) Other activities The Secretary shall carry out other carbon dioxide removal research, development, and demonstration activities, as determined by the Secretary. (b) Collaboration In carrying out the activities under subsection (a), the Secretary shall collaborate with the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. (c) Consideration In carrying out research, development, and demonstration on biomass as a feedstock, the Secretary shall consider— (1) the emissions impacts of biomass harvest and processing; (2) unintended disturbances to ecosystem carbon stocks; (3) indirect land-use change; (4) alternative fates of biomass used; and (5) the social impacts of any air pollutants. (d) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section— (1) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; (2) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; (3) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; (4) $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2030; (5) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2031; (6) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2032; and (7) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2033. 205. Agricultural Research Service (a) Research, development, and demonstration (1) In general The Secretary, acting through the Agricultural Research Service, shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities in each of the areas described in this subsection. (2) Soil carbon (A) In general The Secretary shall carry out fundamental research on plant-root-fungi interactions, deep inversion of soils, and other topics with the potential to advance carbon dioxide removal. (B) Collaboration The Secretary shall carry out the activities under subparagraph (A) in collaboration with— (i) the Director of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy