1 but less than Mach 5. 1026. Electromagnetic spectrum research and development (a) In general The Administrator, in consultation with the National Telecommunications and Information Administration and the Federal Communications Commission, shall conduct research, engineering, and development related to the effective and efficient use and management of radio frequency spectrum in the civil aviation domain, including for aircraft, unmanned aircraft systems, and advanced air mobility. (b) Contents The research, engineering, and development conducted under subsection (a) shall, at a minimum, address the following: (1) How reallocation or repurposing of radio frequency spectrum adjacent to spectrum allocated for communication, navigation, and surveillance may impact the safety of civil aviation. (2) The effectiveness of measures to identify risks, protect, and mitigate against spectrum interference in frequency bands used in civil aviation operations to ensure public safety. (3) The identification of any emerging civil aviation systems and their anticipated spectrum requirements. (4) The implications of paragraphs (1) through (3) on existing civil aviation systems that use radio frequency spectrum, including on the operational specifications of such systems, as it relates to existing and to future radio frequency spectrum requirements for civil aviation. (c) Report Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the covered committees of Congress a report containing the results of the research, engineering, and development conducted under subsection (a). 1027. Research plan on the remote tower program (a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the covered committees of Congress a comprehensive plan for research, development, testing, and evaluation needed to further mature remote tower technologies and systems and related requirements and provide a strategic roadmap to support deployment of such