; or (ii) an affiliate of the person concerned. (C) For purposes of subparagraph (A)(iii), the dollar amount shall be applied, for a person, to the aggregate of all annual gross income from mineral production under all mining claims held by or assigned to such person and all related parties with respect to such person, including mining claims located or for which a patent was issued before the effective date of this Act. (28) The term temporary cessation means a halt in mineral activities for a continuous period that does not exceed 5 years. (29) The term ton means 2,000 pounds avoirdupois (.90718 metric ton). (30) The term unnecessary or undue degradation means irreparable harm to significant scientific, cultural, or environmental resources on Federal land. (31) The term valuable mineral deposit means a deposit of hardrock minerals that is of sufficient value for a prudent operator to extract, remove, and market at a profit. (32) The term waste means rock that must be fractured and removed in order to gain access to raw ore. (b) References to other laws (1) General mining laws Any reference in this Act to the term general mining laws is a reference to those Acts that generally comprise chapters 2, 12A, and 16, and sections 161 and 162, of title 30, United States Code. (2) Act of July 23, 1955 Any reference in this Act to the Act of July 23, 1955, is a reference to the Act entitled An Act to amend the Act of July 31, 1947 (61 Stat. 681) and the mining laws to provide for multiple use of the surface of the same tracts of the public lands, and for other purposes ( 30 U.S.C. 601 et seq. ). 3. Application rules (a) Application to existing claims This Act shall apply to any mining claim, millsite, or tunnel site located under the general mining laws before or on the effective date of this Act. (b) Application to benefaction or processing activities This Act shall apply in the same manner and to the same extent to mining claims, millsites, tunnel sites, and any land included in a lease, license, or permit issued under