; and (2) in subsection (o)(2)(A), by striking work and inserting attending an institution of higher education (as defined in section 102 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1002 )) or work, in the aggregate, . 4. Effective date; application of amendments (a) Effective date Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act and the amendments made by this Act shall take effect 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. (b) Application of amendments The amendments made by this Act shall not apply with respect to certification periods that begin before the effective date of this Act.