; (11) to aid and encourage ASM miners— (A) to formalize their business activities, including through skills training, technical and business assistance, and access to financing, loans, and credit; (B) to utilize environmentally safe and sustainable mining practices, including by scaling up the use of mercury-free gold refining technologies, and mining methods and technologies that do not result in deforestation, forest destruction, air pollution, water and soil-contamination, and other negative environmental impacts associated with ASM; (C) to reduce the costs associated with formalization and compliance with mining regulations; (D) to fully break away from the influence of illicit actors who leverage the control of territory and use violence to extort miners and push them into illicit arrangements; (E) to adopt and utilize environmentally safe and sustainable mining practices, including— (i) mercury-free gold refining technologies; and (ii) extractive techniques that do not result in— (I) forest clearance and water contamination; or (II) the release of dust or uncontrolled tailings containing toxic chemicals; (F) to pursue alternative livelihoods outside the mining sector; and (G) to fully access public social services in ASM-dependent communities; (12) to support and encourage socioeconomic development programs, law enforcement capacity-building programs, and support for relevant international initiatives, including by providing assistance to achieve such ends by implementing the Strategy; (13) to interrupt the illicit gold trade in Nicaragua, including through the use of United States punitive measures against the government led by President Daniel Ortega and Vice-President Rosario Murillo and their collaborators pursuant to Executive Order 14088 (relating to taking additional steps to address the national emergency with respect to the situation in Nicaragua), which was issued on October 24, 2022