1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Fighting Fertility Fraud Act of 2023 . 2. Fighting fertility fraud (a) In general Chapter 47 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 1041. Fraud in connection with the use of human reproductive material (a) Offense by a person, health professional, or health facility A person, health professional, or health facility, in any of the circumstances described in subsection (d), that knowingly provided materially false or misleading information relating to assisted reproduction, including— (1) the human reproductive material provided or used for assisted reproduction; (2) the identifying information of the gamete provider including their name, birth date, or address at the time of gamete provision; or (3) a gamete provider’s medical history including any known physical and mental health illness, the social, genetic, family medical history of the gamete provider, or the gamete provider’s educational level, ethnicity, religious background, shall be imprisoned not more than 10 years, fined in accordance this title, or both. (b) Offense by health professional or health facility (1) In general A health care professional or health facility, in any of the circumstances described in subsection (d), that knowingly uses or provides— (A) human reproductive material for assisted reproduction other than the selected human reproductive material for which patient gave consent in writing to use