; establishment of Child Online Protection Board (a) Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Over 40 years ago, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982), that child sexual abuse material (referred to in this subsection as CSAM ) is a category of material outside the protections of the First Amendment. The Court emphasized that children depicted in CSAM are harmed twice: first through the abuse and exploitation inherent in the creation of the materials, and then through the continued circulation of the imagery, which inflicts its own emotional and psychological injury. (2) The Supreme Court reiterated this point 9 years ago in Paroline v. United States, 572 U.S. 434 (2014), when it explained that CSAM victims suffer continuing and grievous harm as a result of [their] knowledge that a large, indeterminate number of individuals have viewed and will in the future view images of the sexual abuse [they] endured. (3) In these decisions, the Supreme Court noted that the distribution of child sexual abuse material invades the privacy interests of the victims. (4) The co-mingling online of CSAM with other, non-explicit depictions of the victims links the victim’s identity with the images of their abuse. This further invades a victim’s privacy and disrupts their sense of security, thwarting what the Supreme Court has described as the individual interest in avoiding disclosure of personal matters. (5) The internet is awash with child sexual abuse material. In 2021, the CyberTipline, operated by the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children to combat online child sexual exploitation, received reports about 39,900,000 images and 44,800,000 videos depicting child sexual abuse. (6) Since 2017, Project Arachnid, operated by the Canadian Centre for Child Protection, has sent over 26,000,000 notices to online providers about CSAM and other exploitive material found on their platforms. According to the Canadian Centre, some providers are slow to remove the material, or take it