; (3) examine and limit exemptions to one-call programs to prevent common excavation damage incidents, including— (A) excavation or demolition performed by the owner of a single-family residential property; (B) any excavation of 18 inches or less when maintenance activities are performed; (C) repairing, connecting, adjusting, or conducting routine maintenance of a private or public underground utility facility; and (D) municipalities, public works organizations, and State departments of transportation for road maintenance; (4) specify tolerance zone horizontal dimensions and requirements for hand-dig, hydro, vacuum excavation, and other nonintrusive methods; (5) specify emergency excavation notification requirements, including defining emergency excavation and identifying the notification requirements for an emergency excavation; (6) specify the responsibilities of the excavator, including the reporting of damages due to excavation activities; (7) define who is an excavator and what is considered excavation; (8) require the use of white lining or electronic white lining; (9) require a positive response, such as the utility, municipality, or other entity placing the marks positively responds to the notification center and the excavator checks for a positive response before beginning excavation; (10) encourage newly installed underground facilities to be locatable; (11) require the marking of lines and laterals, including sewer lines and laterals; (12) encourage training programs and requirements for third-party excavators performing excavation activities that are not subject to pipeline construction requirements under part 192 or part 195 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations; (13) encourage robust training for locate professionals