repositioning, and other tactics and techniques intended to stabilize the situation and reduce the immediacy of the risk so that more time, options, and resources can be called upon to resolve the situation without the use of force. (ii) Deadly force With respect to the use of deadly force, the term reasonable alternatives includes the use of less lethal force. (D) Totality of the circumstances The term totality of the circumstances means all credible facts known to the Federal law enforcement officer leading up to and at the time of the use of force, including the actions of the person against whom the Federal law enforcement officer uses such force and the actions of the Federal law enforcement officer. (2) Prohibition on less lethal force A Federal law enforcement officer may not use any less lethal force unless— (A) the form of less lethal force used is necessary and proportional in order to effectuate an arrest of a person who the officer has probable cause to believe has committed a criminal offense