; (G) information about data collection techniques on race, ethnicity, geography, age, income, and other demographic information used by such improvement initiatives; and (H) any other information determined appropriate by the Secretary. (e) Inclusion of best practices Not later than 18 months after the date of the publication of the guidance required under subsection (a), the Secretary shall update such guidance to include best practices identified by the Secretary for such hospitals, freestanding birth centers, and providers to track maternal mortality and severe morbidity trends by clinicians at such hospitals, freestanding birth centers, and providers including— (1) ways to establish scoring systems, which may include quality triggers and safety and quality metrics to score case and patient outcome metrics, for such clinicians; (2) methods to identify, educate, and improve such clinicians who may have higher rates of maternal mortality or severe morbidity compared to their regional or State peers (taking into account differences in patient risk for adverse outcomes, which may include social risk factors); (3) methods for using such data and tracking to enhance research efforts focused on maternal health, while also improving patient outcomes, clinician education and training, and coordination of care; and (4) any other information determined appropriate by the Secretary. (f) Cultural and linguistic appropriateness To the extent practicable, the Secretary should develop the guidance, best practices, fact sheets, templates, and other materials that are required under this section in a trauma-informed, culturally and linguistically appropriate manner. 13. Program related to reducing cesarean births and increasing rates of vaginal birth after cesarean Section 317K(a) of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 247b–12(a) ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (1)— (A) by striking and to develop or support and inserting to develop or support