1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Cease Animal Research Grants Overseas Act of 2023 or the CARGO Act of 2023 . 2. Findings The Congress finds the following: (1) From fiscal year 2011 through fiscal year 2021, the National Institutes of Health provided approximately $2.2 billion to foreign organizations for research projects involving animals. (2) The National Institutes of Health does not conduct inspections of foreign organizations, and these organizations self-report information pertaining to animal welfare creating a risk that information will be misrepresented. (3) This lack of oversight has resulted in the mistreatment of animals used in research projects performed outside the United States and funded by the American public. 3. No NIH support for use of live animals in research by persons outside of the United States Section 495 of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 289d ) is amended— (1) in subsections (a)(3) and (c)(1)(A), by striking subsection (b) each place it appears and inserting subsection (a) ; (2) in subsection (b)(1) by striking subsection (a)(3) and inserting subsection (b)(3) ; (3) in subsections (b)(1), (b)(3)(A), (b)(3)(C), (c)(1)(A), and (d)(1), by striking subsection (a) each place it appears and inserting subsection (b) ; (4) in subsection (c), by striking Notwithstanding subsection (a)(2) and inserting Notwithstanding subsection (b)(2) ; (5) in subsection (e), by striking subsections (a) or (c) and inserting subsection (b) or (d) ; (6) by redesignating subsections (a) through (e), as amended, as subsections (b) through (f), respectively