; and (2) a description of such agency’s data infrastructure, staffing, data analytics, reporting, and sharing capabilities, and such agency’s efforts to protect and promote individual privacy and data security, in accordance with applicable Federal, State, and local privacy laws, increase data transparency, and minimize reporting burden. (d) Uses of funds A public agency that receives a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement under this section shall use such award to increase the agency’s capacity to, in accordance with applicable Federal, State, and local privacy laws, accurately manage, analyze, and use data to inform decisionmaking and improve educational opportunities and outcomes, as described in subsection (a)(1), which may include the following activities: (1) Improving data quality, standardization, and such agency’s capabilities related to data infrastructure, staffing, data analytics, reporting, and data sharing, including among a consortium of public agencies located in a single State or a consortium of public agencies located in 2 or more States. (2) Supporting the development of tools, products, or interfaces to make data more transparent, accessible, and useful to students, families, practitioners, education system leaders, policymakers, community organizations, State and local public agencies, and the public in a manner that protects and promotes individual privacy and data security. (3) Developing and implementing privacy and security techniques, platforms, protocols, or technology for using and securing personally identifiable information and data managed by public agencies. (4) Developing and evaluating the validity and accuracy of an alternative student poverty measurement, which may include 1 or more of the following approaches: (A) Improving the quality of data used to identify students directly certified or categorically eligible for free meals under the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq. ) and linking such data with other individual-level measures,