; and (2) a tortious act or acts of the foreign state, or of any official, employee, or agent of that foreign state while acting within the scope of his or her office, employment, or agency, regardless where the tortious act or acts of the foreign state occurred. (c) Claims by nationals of the United States (1) Definition In this subsection, the term person has the meaning given the term in section 1 of title 1. (2) Claims If a foreign state would not be immune under subsection (b) with respect to an act of fentanyl trafficking in or into the United States, a national of the United States may bring a claim against the foreign state in the same manner, and may obtain the same remedies, as a claim with respect to an act of international terrorism brought under section 2333. (3) Aiding and abetting liability In an action under paragraph (2) for an injury arising from an act of fentanyl trafficking in or into the United States, liability may be asserted as to any person who aids and abets, by knowingly providing substantial assistance, or who conspires with the person who committed such an act of fentanyl trafficking. (4) Effect on other foreign sovereign immunities Nothing in paragraph (3) affects immunity of a foreign state from jurisdiction under other law. (d) Rule of construction A foreign state shall not be subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of the United States under subsection (b) on the basis of an omission or a tortious act or acts that constitute mere negligence. . (b) Technical and conforming amendments (1) The table of sections for chapter 97 of title 28, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1605B the following: 1605C. Responsibility of foreign states for the trafficking of fentanyl into the United States. . (2) Subsection 1605(g)(1)(A) of title 28, United States Code, is amended by striking or section 1605B and inserting , 1605B, or 1605C . 4. Stay of actions pending state negotiations (a) Exclusive jurisdiction The courts of the United States shall have