; and (2) take such other measures to restore the site, as the Secretary considers necessary. (j) Emergency determination If the Secretary determines that an emergency exists that poses a significant risk to the safety of humans, to the marine environment, to cultured species, or to the security of the United States and that requires suspension, modification, or revocation of an offshore aquaculture permit, the Secretary may suspend, modify, or revoke the permit for such time as the Secretary determines is necessary to address the emergency. The Secretary shall afford the permit holder a prompt post-suspension, post-modification, or post-revocation opportunity to be heard regarding the suspension, modification, or revocation. (k) Fees (1) Establishment (A) In general The Secretary may establish, by regulation, application fees and annual offshore aquaculture permit fees under this section. (B) Deposit and collection The fees described in subparagraph (A) shall be deposited as offsetting collections in the operations, research, and facilities account of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Fees may be collected and made available to the extent provided in advance in appropriation Acts. (C) Setting of fees The fees described in subparagraph (A) shall be set as an amount such that the total revenue from such fees does not exceed the amount required to cover the costs of management, data collection, analysis, annual inspection, and enforcement activities related to permits under this section. (2) Waivers The Secretary may waive, in whole or in part, any fee under this section if an offshore aquaculture facility is used primarily for research. (3) Guarantees The Secretary shall require a permit holder to post a bond or other form of financial guarantee in an amount determined by the Secretary, to be reasonable and commensurate with the offshore aquaculture operation and as sufficient to cover, without duplication— (A) any unpaid fees