1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Increase America’s Research Capacity Act of 2023 . 2. Definitions In this Act: (1) Historically Black College or University The term Historically Black College or University means a part B institution described in section 322(2) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1061(2) ). (2) R1 institution The term R1 institution means an institution classified as an R1 doctoral university, according to the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education framework as the framework exists on the date of enactment of this Act, by the issuer of the framework. 3. Comptroller General study on the feasibility of Historically Black Colleges and Universities achieving a certain classification (a) Study (1) In general The Comptroller General of the United States shall prepare a study on the institutional challenges and barriers hindering Historically Black Colleges and Universities from achieving, and the feasibility of the colleges and universities achieving, classification as an R1 institution. (2) Contents In preparing the study, the Comptroller General may— (A) examine topics including— (i) funding opportunities and resource allocation required for Historically Black Colleges and Universities to enhance their research infrastructure and capacity, focusing on the opportunities and resources of Federal research agencies, including the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the National Institute of Standards and Technology of the Department of Commerce, and similar offices of the Department of Commerce; (ii) strategies for Historically Black Colleges and Universities to recruit and retain highly qualified faculty with strong research backgrounds; (iii) best practices and successful models employed by R1 institutions (as of the date the study is completed) that Historically Black Colleges and Universities can adopt