1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Hydrogen for Trucks Act of 2023 . 2. Heavy-duty fuel cell vehicle demonstration program (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Eligible entity The term eligible entity means an entity described in subsection (b)(2). (2) Heavy-duty fuel cell vehicle (A) In general The term heavy-duty fuel cell vehicle means a vehicle that— (i) has a manufacturer gross vehicle weight rating of more than 26,000 pounds, as determined by the Federal Highway Administration; (ii) is not powered or charged by an internal combustion engine; and (iii) is propelled solely by an electric motor that draws electricity from— (I) a fuel cell; or (II) a combination of a fuel cell and a battery. (B) Inclusion The term heavy-duty fuel cell vehicle includes any off-road vehicle, such as a yard truck, that meets the requirements of subparagraph (A). (3) Program The term program means the program established under subsection (b)(1). (4) Secretary The term Secretary means the Secretary of Transportation. (b) Establishment (1) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall establish a grant program under which the Secretary shall provide grants to eligible entities to assist the eligible entities in funding capital projects to purchase heavy-duty fuel cell vehicles and related equipment, including hydrogen fueling stations. (2) Eligible entities To be eligible to receive a grant under the program, an entity shall be— (A) a private heavy-duty truck fleet owner with high duty cycle or long-haul operations; (B) an operator with a return to base mode that requires refueling primarily at a single station, including an airport, a delivery warehouse, and a shipping port; (C) a leasing firm; (D) an independent owner-operator; (E) a public hydrogen fueling station developer or operator; (F) a Federal, State, or local agency that owns, operates, leases, or otherwise controls a fleet of public vehicles