with respect to common carriers subject to the Communications Act of 1934 ( 47 U.S.C. 151 et seq. ). (D) Fines In assessing any fine for a violation of this Act, the Commission shall consider each individual user affected by a violation of this Act as an individual violation. (g) Reliance on open standards Any large communications platform provider that establishes and maintains interoperability through an open standard established under subsection (c) shall be entitled to a rebuttable presumption of providing access on fair, reasonable, and nondiscriminatory terms. (h) Preemption The provisions of this Act shall preempt any State law only to the extent that such State law is inconsistent with the provisions of this Act. (i) Effective date This Act shall take effect on the date on which the Commission promulgates regulations under subsection (a). 7. Relation to other laws Nothing in this Act shall be construed to modify, limit, or supersede the operation of any privacy or security provision in— (1) section 552a of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the Privacy Act of 1974 )