; or (2) to otherwise modify or limit the discretionary authority of the Secretary of Homeland Security or the Attorney General under the immigration laws (as defined in section 101(a)(17) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(17) )). 51102. Discretionary authority with respect to family members of United States citizens (a) Applications for relief from removal Section 240(c)(4) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1229a(c)(4) ) is amended by adding at the end the following: (D) Judicial discretion (i) In general In the case of an alien who is the spouse or child of a citizen of the United States, the Attorney General may subject to clause (ii)— (I) terminate any removal proceedings against the alien; (II) decline to order the alien removed from the United States; (III) grant the alien permission to reapply for admission to the United States; or (IV) subject to clause (iii), waive the application of one or more grounds of inadmissibility or deportability in connection with any request for relief from removal. (ii) Limitation on discretion (I) In general The Attorney General may exercise the discretion described in clause (i) if the Attorney General determines that removal of the alien or the denial of a request for relief from removal would result in hardship to the alien’s United States citizen spouse, parent, or child. There shall be a presumption that family separation constitutes hardship. (II) Widow and surviving child of deceased united states citizen In the case of the death of a citizen of the United States, the Attorney General may exercise discretion described in clause (i) with respect to an alien who was a child of such citizen, or was the spouse of such citizen and was not legally separated from such citizen on the date of the citizen’s death, if— (aa) the Attorney General determines that removal of the child or spouse or the denial of a requested benefit would result in hardship to the child or spouse