working alone or in a group, who uses nonviolent means to promote or protect human rights and fundamental freedoms, in a manner consistent with the principles described in the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights Defenders. (B) Inclusions The term human rights defender may include members of civil society organizations, journalists, activists, lawyers, community leaders, land and environmental defenders, labor leaders and activists, anti-corruption activists, whistleblowers, political prisoners, members of opposition political parties, and any other individual engaging in peaceful advocacy, actions, or political protest. (4) Reprisal The term reprisal means an act or omission that— (A) violates, intends to violate, or encourages a violation of the rights of a human rights defender