; (B) intellectual property rights infringement; (C) policies that make market access contingent on forced technology transfers or voluntary transfers subject to coercive terms; (D) web filtering; (E) economic espionage; (F) cybercrime exposure; and (G) government-directed theft of trade secrets. (26) Certain countries are pursuing or have implemented digital policies that unfairly discriminate against innovative United States technology companies and United States workers that create and deliver digital products and services. (27) The Government of the People’s Republic of China is currently advancing a model for digital governance and the digital economy domestically and abroad through its Digital Silk Road Initiative that permits censorship, surveillance, human and worker rights abuses, forced technology transfers, and data flow restrictions at the expense of human and worker rights, privacy, the free flow of data, and an open internet. (28) The 2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices of the Department of State highlighted significant human rights issues committed by the People’s Republic of China in the digital realm, including arbitrary interference with privacy including pervasive and intrusive technical surveillance and monitoring including the use of COVID–19 tracking apps for nonpublic-health purposes; punishment of family members for offenses allegedly committed by an individual; serious restrictions on free expression and media, including physical attacks on and criminal prosecution of journalists, lawyers, writers, bloggers, dissidents, petitioners, and others