1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Alleviating Spaceport Traffic by Rewarding Operators Act of 2023 . 2. Intermodal transportation infrastructure improvement pilot program (a) In general The Secretary may establish a pilot program to issue grants to operators of launch and reentry sites for projects to construct, repair, maintain, or improve transportation infrastructure and facilities at such sites. (b) Pilot program qualifications The Secretary may enter into agreements under this section to issue a grant to an operator only if the operator— (1) has submitted an application to the Secretary in such form, at such time, and containing such information as prescribed by the Secretary; (2) demonstrates to the Secretary’s satisfaction that the project for which the application has been submitted is for a permitted use under subsection (c); and (3) agrees to maintain such records relating to the grant as the Secretary may require and to make such records available to the Secretary or the Comptroller General of the United States upon request. (c) Permitted use of pilot program grants An operator may use a grant provided under this section for a project to construct, repair, maintain, or improve infrastructure and facilities that— (1) are located at, or adjacent to, a launch or reentry site; (2) directly enable or support transportation safety or covered transportation activities