; (2) the country in which such alien was born; (3) the country in which such alien has a residence; or (4) a country with a government that will accept such alien into its territory if expulsion to each country described in paragraphs (1) through (3) is impracticable, inadvisable, or impossible. (c) Restriction on expulsion to a country where an alien would be threatened with persecution or torture (1) In general Notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b), and except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary of Homeland Security may not expel an alien to a country if— (A) the alien’s life or freedom would be threatened in such country because of such alien’s race religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion; or (B) there are substantial grounds for believing that such alien would be in danger of being subjected to torture if expelled to such country. (2) Exception Paragraph (1) shall not apply— (A) to an alien who is deportable under section 237(a)(4)(D) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(4)(D) ); or (B) if the Secretary of Homeland Security determines that— (i) the alien ordered, incited, assisted, or otherwise participated in the persecution of an individual because of the individual’s race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion; (ii) the alien, having been convicted by a final judgement of a particularly serious crime, is a danger to the citizens of the United States; (iii) there are serious reasons to believe that the alien committed a serious nonpolitical crime outside the United States before the alien arrived in the United States