1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Medicare Accelerated and Advance Payments Improvement Act of 2020 . 2. Modifying the accelerated and advance payment programs under parts A and B of the Medicare program during the COVID-19 emergency (a) Special repayment rules (1) Part A Section 1815(f)(2)(C) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395g(f)(2)(C) ) is amended to read as follows: (C) In the case of an accelerated payment made under such program on or after the date of the enactment of the CARES Act and so made during the emergency period described in section 1135(g)(1)(B)— (i) such payment shall be treated as if such payment were made from the General Fund of the Treasury; (ii) upon request of the hospital, the Secretary shall— (I) provide 1 year before claims are offset to recoup such payment; (II) provide that any such offset of a claim to recoup such payment shall not exceed 25 percent of the amount of such claim; and (III) allow not less than 2 years from the date of the first accelerated payment before requiring that the outstanding balance be paid in full; and (iii) the Secretary may waive the requirement that such payment be repaid (or recouped) if, not earlier than 2 years from the date of the first accelerated payment, the hospital submits to the Secretary a request for such waiver containing such information that demonstrates that— (I) requiring repayment of such payment (or recouping such payment) would constitute an extreme hardship for the hospital; (II) the hospital made efforts to maintain a comparable number of employees at a comparable level of pay during the such emergency period compared to the number of, and level of pay for, such employees as of the day before the beginning of such period