in productivity decreases income for employers and workers. Global gross domestic product losses from heat are projected to be greater than 20 percent by the end of this century. (7) Every year, thousands of workers become sick and some die from exposure to heat. Between 1992 and 2017, 815 United States workers died from heat and almost 70,000 were seriously injured. These numbers are generally understood to be gross undercounts because many heat-related illnesses and deaths are blamed on natural causes. (8) Workers have a legal right to a safe workplace. The vast majority of heat-related workplace deaths and illnesses can be prevented by access to water, rest, and shade. Many employers don’t provide these simple measures for workers according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. (9) Employers often retaliate against employees if they report or seek assistance due to problems with heat. Many employees are therefore afraid to report problems and face increased risk of heat-related illnesses or death. (10) In the absence of a Federal standard, multiple branches of the United States Armed Forces—including the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force—have issued heat prevention guidelines, and several States—California, Washington, and Minnesota—have issued heat prevention standards. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) issued criteria for such a standard in 1972, updating it in 1986 and 2016. (11) Congress created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to ensure safe and healthful working conditions by setting and enforcing standards pursuant to section 6 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Employees are exposed to grave danger from exposure to excessive heat. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration must develop a standard to protect workers from the significant risks of heat-related illness and death. 2. OSHA safety standard for exposure to heat and hot environments (a) Proposed standard Not later than 2 years after the date of