; 132 Stat. 3894). While new statutes and regulations have reduced the rate of opioid prescriptions in recent years, fully addressing the United States opioid crisis will involve dramatically restricting the foreign supply of illicit opioids. (3) The People’s Republic of China is the world’s largest producer of illicit fentanyl, fentanyl analogues, and their immediate precursors. From the People’s Republic of China, those substances are shipped primarily through express consignment carriers or international mail directly to the United States, or, alternatively, shipped directly to transnational criminal organizations in Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. (4) The United States and the People’s Republic of China, Mexico, and Canada have made important strides in combating the illicit flow of opioids through bilateral efforts of their respective law enforcement agencies. (5) The objective of preventing the proliferation of illicit opioids though existing multilateral and bilateral initiatives requires additional efforts to deny illicit actors the financial means to sustain their markets and distribution networks. (6) The implementation on May 1, 2019, of the regulations of the People's Republic of China to schedule all fentanyl analogues as controlled substances is a major step in combating global opioid trafficking and represents a major achievement in United States-China law enforcement dialogues. However, that step will effectively fulfill the commitment that President Xi Jinping of the People’s Republic of China made to President Donald Trump at the Group of Twenty meeting in December 2018 only if the Government of the People's Republic of China devotes sufficient resources to full implementation and strict enforcement of the new regulations. The effective enforcement of the new regulations should result in diminished trafficking of illicit fentanyl originating from the People's Republic of China into the United States, so it is in the interests of both the United States and the People's Republic of China to