low, or high. Additional States that have developed price transparency tools from their APCDs include New Hampshire, Maine, Massachusetts, Colorado, Maryland, and Rhode Island. (14) According to the APCD Council, a learning collaborative of public and private organizations working on developing and establishing APCDs, at least 18 States have enacted State laws establishing APCDs. (15) While many States have or are considering establishing APCDs, current APCDs vary in the types of data collected, the types of users allowed to access the data, the types of data that can be published, and how much authorized users are charged to access the data. (16) A 2016 Supreme Court decision, Gobeille v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., prohibited States from requiring claim submissions to APCDs from large employers that pay for health benefits directly instead of purchasing health coverage from insurance companies. This limited the data that States could mandate for inclusion in an APCD. (17) Supporting the establishment of APCDs is an important way to promote transparency and understanding of overall health care spending. (18) State APCDs should be encouraged to collect data from more types of payers