; Whereas the killing of prominent Oromo musician Haacaaluu Hundeessaa on June 29, 2020, sparked more than a week of violence and arrests, contributing to growing concerns about instability; Whereas ethnic and religious minorities were targeted in violent attacks, and homes, businesses, and religious institutions were looted or destroyed; Whereas hundreds of people have been killed in the recent ethnic violence and unrest, some of them by Ethiopian security forces; Whereas Ethiopian security forces have arrested more than 7,000 people since the unrest began, including several journalists and prominent opposition politicians, and their continued detention has spurred further protests and violence; Whereas the Government of Ethiopia has employed tactics, such as mass arrests, internet shutdowns, and prolonged detention without charge, that echo practices used before the opening of political space in 2018, threatening the democratic progress made over the last 2 years; Whereas polarizing narratives and threats of violence endorsed by some members of the opposition and parts of the diaspora also jeopardize Ethiopia’s transition to democracy by raising tensions and increasing the prospects for interethnic and interreligious violence; Whereas dialogue among the ruling and opposition parties on elections and the democratic transition appears to have stalled; Whereas transitional justice processes and mechanisms can help address legitimate grievances, and strengthen security, development, reconciliation, and good governance; Whereas the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is nearing completion, and is expected to significantly increase Ethiopia’s electricity generation capacity and generate billions of dollars from energy exports; Whereas negotiations surrounding Nile River water rights have a long, complex history involving regional and domestic considerations by Egypt, Ethiopia, and Sudan; and Whereas a mutually acceptable agreement is critical for future regional stability and economic growth: Now, therefore, be it