; and (C) to support collaborative and proactive conservation that will sustain the diverse fish and wildlife populations of the United States. (5) The first nongovernmental conservation organizations to instill fish and wildlife conservation values in hunters, anglers, bird watchers, and all citizens were founded during the 1880s to 1890s at the behest of hunters and anglers, including Theodore Roosevelt and naturalist George Bird Grinnell, who were alarmed that game and sportfish could not sustain unregulated harvest and that avifauna needed protection from commercial take. (6) At the turn of the 20th century, the States— (A) realized the need to regulate the harvest of game and sportfish for sustainable use; (B) required hunters and anglers to obtain licenses and established regulations for game seasons, bag and creel limits, and legal means of take for game and sportfish