; (3) models of existing and emerging technologies being deployed on the electric grid due to projected changes in the electric generation mix and loads, for a variety of regional characteristics; and (4) integrated models of the communications, transmission, distribution, and other interdependent systems for existing, new, and emerging technologies. (c) Situational awareness research and development (1) In general The Secretary shall support development of computational tools and technologies to improve sensing, monitoring, and visualization of the electric grid for real-time situational awareness and decision support tools that enable improved operation of the power system, including utility, non-utility, and customer grid-connected assets, for use by industry partners. (2) Data use In developing visualization capabilities under this section, the Secretary shall develop tools for industry stakeholders to use to analyze data collected from advanced measurement and monitoring technologies, including data from phasor measurement units and advanced metering units. (3) Severe events The Secretary shall prioritize enhancing cyber and physical situational awareness of the electric grid during adverse manmade and naturally occurring events. (d) Architecture The Secretary shall conduct research in collaboration with industry stakeholders to develop model grid architectures to assist with wide-area transmission and distribution planning that incorporate expected changes to the modern electric grid. In supporting the development of model grid architectures, the Secretary shall— (1) analyze a variety of grid architecture scenarios that range from minor upgrades to existing transmission grid infrastructure to scenarios that involve the replacement of significant portions of existing transmission grid infrastructure