; and (2) by inserting after section 307 the following new section: 308. Limiting variations on number of hours of operation of polling places with a State (a) Limitation (1) In general Except as provided in paragraph (2) and subsection (b), each State shall establish hours of operation for all polling places in the State on the date of any election for Federal office held in the State such that the polling place with the greatest number of hours of operation on such date is not in operation for more than 2 hours longer than the polling place with the fewest number of hours of operation on such date. (2) Permitting variance on basis of population Paragraph (1) does not apply to the extent that the State establishes variations in the hours of operation of polling places on the basis of the overall population or the voting age population (as the State may select) of the unit of local government in which such polling places are located. (b) Exceptions for polling places with hours established by units of local government Subsection (a) does not apply in the case of a polling place— (1) whose hours of operation are established, in accordance with State law, by the unit of local government in which the polling place is located; or (2) which is required pursuant to an order by a court to extend its hours of operation beyond the hours otherwise established. . (b) Clerical amendment The table of contents of such Act, as amended by section 1031(c), section 1101(d), section 1611(c), and section 1621(c), is amended— (1) by redesignating the items relating to sections 308 and 309 as relating to sections 309 and 310