; multiplied by (B) the number of emission allowances which the owner or operator of the covered entity failed to surrender as described in paragraph (1). (3) Timing A penalty required under this subsection shall be immediately due and payable to the Administrator, without demand, in accordance with regulations promulgated under section 729. (4) No effect on liability A penalty due and payable by the owners or operators of a covered entity under this subsection shall not diminish the liability of the owners or operators for any fine, penalty, or assessment against the owners or operators for the same violation under any other provision of this Act or any other law. (b) Replacement emission allowances The owner or operator of a covered entity that fails to surrender one or more emission allowances as required by section 721(a) for a calendar year shall surrender a quantity of emission allowances that is equal to the quantity the covered entity failed to surrender (in addition to the emission allowances otherwise required to be surrendered) by the April 1st deadline of the second succeeding calendar year. 726. Emission allowance tracking system The regulations promulgated under section 729 shall provide for— (1) the establishment of a system to distribute emission allowances to covered entities; (2) a process to create accounts in which covered entities and any other entities that buy or sell emission allowances may hold emission allowances; (3) the establishment of an emission allowance tracking system to track— (A) the number of emission allowances transferred; (B) the price or monetary value for which emission allowances are transferred; (C) the date of each such transfer; (D) the parties involved in the transfer; and (E) any additional information the Administrator determines necessary for each such transfer