1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Advancing Grid Storage Act of 2019 . 2. Definitions In this Act: (1) Energy storage system The term energy storage system means a system or strategy that improves the ability to shift the dispatch of energy in time, across multiple timescales. (2) Islanding The term islanding means a distributed generator or energy storage device continuing to power a location in the absence of electric power from the primary source. (3) Loan The term loan has the meaning given the term direct loan in section 502 of the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 ( 2 U.S.C. 661a ). (4) Microgrid The term microgrid means an integrated energy system consisting of interconnected loads and distributed energy resources, including generators and energy storage devices, within clearly defined electrical boundaries that— (A) acts as a single controllable entity with respect to the grid; and (B) can connect and disconnect from the grid to operate in both grid-connected mode and islanding mode. (5) Renewable energy source The term renewable energy source includes— (A) biomass; (B) geothermal energy; (C) hydropower; (D) landfill gas; (E) municipal solid waste; (F) ocean (including tidal, wave, current, and thermal) energy; (G) organic waste; (H) photosynthetic processes; (I) photovoltaic energy; (J) solar energy; and (K) wind. (6) Secretary The term Secretary means the Secretary of Energy. 3. Energy storage research program (a) In general The Secretary shall carry out, within the Office of Electricity, a program for the research of energy storage systems. (b) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000. 4. Energy storage system demonstration and deployment loan program (a) Loan program (1) In general Subject to the provisions of this subsection and subsections (b) and (c), the Secretary shall carry out a program to provide to eligible entities— (A) loans for the demonstration and deployment of energy storage systems in a specific project