; (3) barriers to creative financing solutions for those activities and projects, including procurement barriers faced by State and local governments; and (4) ways to leverage private sector investments in smart cities and communities. 7. Reports to Secretary of Transportation and Congress (a) Quarterly report Each recipient of a Smart Cities Challenge grant under section 5 shall submit a quarterly report to the Secretary regarding the development, implementation, and operation of the project. (b) Report to Congress Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that includes— (1) pertinent updates regarding the development, list of recipients, implementation, and operation of projects funded under Smart Cities Challenge; (2) the impact of such projects on the transportation systems within the area served by the project and review of appropriate security protocols integrated into the project; (3) the impact of such projects on frontline communities, including communities of color, women, veterans, and the elderly; (4) the extent to which the goals of the grant program have been met; and (5) any recommendations for revisions or improvements to the Smart Cities Challenge to guide future deployment activities.