; (ii) is a place of refuge that provides care for abused, neglected, unwanted, impounded, abandoned, orphaned, or displaced wildlife for the lifetime of the wildlife; and (iii) does not— (I) engage in commercial trade in any exotic or wild animal, including— (aa) the sale of any animal, animal part, or derivative offspring; (bb) photographic opportunities; and (cc) public events for financial profit or an entertainment purpose; (II) breed any exotic or wild animal; (III) permit unescorted public visitation; (IV) permit direct contact between the public and any exotic or wild animal; or (V) remove any exotic or wild animal from a sanctuary or enclosure for exhibition or performance. (2) Prohibited use of exotic and wild animals Subject to paragraph (3), no person shall cause a performance of, or allow for the participation of, an exotic or wild animal in a traveling animal act. (3) Exceptions Paragraph (2) shall not apply to— (A) the use of an exotic or wild animal— (i) in an exhibition at a nonmobile, permanent institution, zoo, or aquarium accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums, or the Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries; (ii) as part of an environmental education program by a facility accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums, if the animal used as part of the program is not— (I) used for more than 180 total days during a year; and (II) kept in a mobile or traveling housing facility for more than 12 total hours during a day; (iii) by an institution of higher education, laboratory, or other research facility registered under section 6 for the purpose of conducting research; (iv) in film, television, or advertising, if the use does not involve a live animal exhibition conducted before a public studio audience; or (v) in a rodeo; (B) the use of an exotic or wild animal by a wildlife rehabilitator in an exhibition or environmental education program relating to indigenous animals— (i) that is permitted by the relevant jurisdiction