; (ii) transportation mode share and public transportation ridership; and (iii) vehicle occupancy measures; (B) compare the transportation demand forecasts with the observed transportation demand data gathered under subparagraph (A); and (C) use the information described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) to— (i) develop best practices and guidance for States and metropolitan planning organizations to use in forecasting transportation demand for future investments in transportation improvements; (ii) evaluate the impact of transportation investments, including new roadway capacity, on transportation behavior and transportation demand, including public transportation ridership, induced highway transportation, and congestion; (iii) support more accurate transportation demand forecasting by States and metropolitan planning organizations; (iv) enhance the capacity of States and metropolitan planning organizations to— (I) forecast transportation demand; and (II) track observed transportation behavior responses, including induced transportation, to changes in transportation capacity, pricing, and land use patterns; and (v) develop transportation demand management strategies to maximize the efficiency of the transportation system, improve mobility, reduce congestion, and lower vehicle emissions. (3) Covered entities In carrying out the study under this section, the Secretary shall ensure that data and forecasts described in paragraph (2)(A) are collected from— (A) States; (B) metropolitan planning organizations that serve an area with a population of 200,000 people or fewer