1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Puerto Rico Statehood Admission Act . 2. Findings The Congress finds the following: (1) United States national sovereignty in Puerto Rico was established by the Treaty of Peace between the United States and the Kingdom of Spain (30 Stat. 1754), signed on December 10, 1898. (2) Puerto Rico is governed by the United States under laws enacted by Congress in the exercise of its power to make rules and regulations governing territory belonging to the United States, pursuant to article IV, section 3, clause 2 of the Constitution. (3) For reasons of precedent primarily related to the Philippines also ceded by Spain after the Spanish-American War, substantially the same majority in the United States Supreme Court that established the separate but equal doctrine in Plessy v. Ferguson determined in the 1901 Downes v. Bidwell decision that Puerto Rico was an unincorporated territory of the United States, a status of possession that continues today. (4) On March 2, 1917, Congress granted birthright citizenship of the United States by statute for all persons born in Puerto Rico (39 Stat. 951) to further integrate Puerto Rico into our Nation. (5) Puerto Rico has a territorial constitution that is republican in form and compatible with the United States Constitution as well as the principles of the Declaration of Independence, and that is equivalent to a State constitution, having been democratically ratified by the United States citizens of the territory on November 4, 1952, and subsequently approved by the Congress of the United States through Public Law 82–447 . (6) Thirty-two territories previously have petitioned Congress for statehood based on democratically expressed consent of the governed, and each was duly admitted as a State of the Union pursuant to article IV, section 3, clause 1 of the United States Constitution, with equal rights and responsibilities of national and State citizenship under the United States Constitution. (7) Puerto Ricans have contributed greatly to the