; and (B) to develop safety management systems for Class II and Class III freight railroads through safety culture assessments, training and education, outreach activities, and technical assistance. (b) Railroad research and development (1) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation for necessary expenses for carrying out railroad research and development activities the following amounts which shall remain available until expended: (A) $42,000,000 for fiscal year 2021. (B) $44,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. (C) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. (D) $48,000,000 for fiscal year 2024. (E) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. (2) Study on LNG by rail From the amounts made available for fiscal years 2021 through 2025 under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall expend not less than $6,000,000 and not more than $8,000,000 to carry out the evaluation of transporting liquefied natural gas by rail under section 10204. (3) Study on safety culture assessments From the amounts made available for fiscal year 2021 under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall expend such sums as are necessary to carry out the study on safety culture assessments under section 9517 of the TRAIN Act . . (n) Fatigue reduction pilot projects There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for costs associated with carrying out section 21109(e) of title 49, United States Code, $200,000 to remain available until expended. 9102. Passenger rail improvement, modernization, and expansion grants (a) In general Section 22906 of title 49, United States Code, is amended to read as follows: 22906. Passenger rail improvement, modernization, and expansion grants (a) Establishment The Secretary of Transportation shall establish a program to make grants for capital projects that improve the state of good repair, operational performance, or growth of intercity rail passenger transportation. (b) Project selection criteria (1) In general Capital projects eligible for a grant under this section include— (A)