; (B) minimum performance standards for projects eligible to participate in the prize competition; and (C) monitoring and verification procedures for projects selected to receive a prize award; (2) establish minimum levels for the capture of carbon dioxide from ambient air or water that are required to qualify for a prize award; and (3) offer prize awards for any of the following: (A) A design for a promising capture technology that will— (i) be operated on a demonstration scale; and (ii) have the potential to achieve significant reduction in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (B) A successful bench-scale demonstration of a capture technology. (C) An operational capture technology on a commercial scale. (f) Direct Air Capture Test Center (1) In general Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Fossil Energy Research and Development Act of 2019, the Secretary shall award grants to one or more eligible entities for the operation of one or more test centers (in this subsection, known as Centers ) to provide unique testing capabilities for innovative direct air capture and storage technologies. (2) Purpose Each Center shall— (A) advance research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of direct air capture and storage technologies; (B) support pilot plant and full-scale demonstration projects and test technologies that represent the scale of technology development beyond laboratory testing but not yet advanced to test under operational conditions at commercial scale; (C) develop front-end engineering design and economic analysis; and (D) maintain a public record of pilot and full-scale plant performance. (3) Priority criteria In selecting applications to operate a Center under this subsection, the Secretary shall prioritize applicants that— (A) have access to existing or planned research facilities; (B) are institutions of higher education with established expertise in engineering for direct air capture technologies, or partnerships with such institutions