; however, from 2010 to 2017, only 0.7 percent was allocated to Tribal telecommunications deployment. (27) It is estimated that only 0.3 percent of the 13,000 radio facilities in the country belong to federally recognized Indian Tribes, indicating a severe lack of Tribal ownership of telecommunications services generally. (28) Indian Tribes’ and Native Hawaiian organizations’ longstanding funding and administrative barriers to access spectrum over Tribal lands and Hawaiian Home Lands prohibits their self-governance and further exacerbate rates of unemployment, systemic poverty, health disparities, connection to the global market, educational and economic opportunities, unnecessary loss of lives, and unknown future disparities resulting from the absence of indigenous representation in the modernization of the digital sector, coding, general advancement of technological services and platforms, and Native ownership in the telecommunications industry. (b) Purposes The purposes of this Act are— (1) to clarify Indian Tribes’ and Native Hawaiian organizations’ inherent ownership of, and preserve, Indian Tribes’ spectrum licenses and spectrum over Tribal lands and Hawaiian Home Lands in furtherance of the trust responsibility and acknowledgment of sovereign status in the United States; (2) to diminish the effect of the Commission’s Tribal priority filing windows, auctions for spectrum licenses over Tribal lands, and assignment and leasing of spectrum over Tribal lands; ensure the Commission’s competitive bidding authority does not apply to licenses or construction permits issued by the Commission over Tribal lands and Hawaiian Home Lands; and permanently eliminate the public availability of spectrum over Tribal lands and Hawaiian Home Lands