; and (II) as part of that review, may add or delete key technology focus areas if the competitive threats to the United States have shifted (whether because the United States or other nations have advanced or fallen behind in a technological area), subject to clause (ii). (ii) Limit on key technology focus areas Not more than 10 key technology focus areas shall be included on the list of key technology focus areas at any time. (iii) Updating focus areas and distribution Upon the completion of each review under this subparagraph, the Director shall make the list of key technology focus areas readily available and publish the list in the Federal Register, even if no changes have been made to the prior list. (3) Activities (A) In general In carrying out the duties and functions of the Directorate, the Director, acting through the Deputy Director, may— (i) award, grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts to— (I) individual institutions of higher education for work at centers or by individual researchers; (II) not-for-profit entities; and (III) consortia that— (aa) shall include and be led by an institution of higher education, and may include 1 or more additional institutions of higher education; (bb) may include 1 or more entities described in subclause (I) or (II) and, if determined appropriate by the Director, for-profit entities, including small businesses; and (cc) may include 1 or more entities described in subclause (I) or (II) from treaty allies and security partners of the United States; (ii) provide funds to other divisions of the Foundation, including— (I) to the other directorates of the Foundation to pursue basic questions about natural and physical phenomena that could enable advances in the key technology focus areas; (II) to the Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences to study questions that could affect the design, operation, deployment, or the social and ethical consequences of technologies in the key technology focus areas