; (7) Columbia University estimates the potential societal costs of lead poisoning in the Housing Choice Voucher Program to be almost $1.2 billion; and (8) while some localities have required property owners to conduct risk assessments and abate lead when a child under the age of 6 will reside in a dwelling unit, there has been evidence that such policies led to augmented instances of housing discrimination on the basis of familial status, making housing opportunities less available for families with children and increasing the risk of homelessness for such families. 3. Amendments to the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act Section 302(a) of the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act ( 42 U.S.C. 4822(a) ) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following: (4) Additional procedures for families with children under the age of 6 (A) Risk assessment (i) Definition In this subparagraph, the term covered housing — (I) means housing receiving Federal assistance described in paragraph (1) that— (aa) was constructed prior to 1978; and (bb) (AA) is public housing; (BB) receives project-based rental assistance under section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 ( 42 U.S.C. 1437f ); (CC) receives assistance under the Housing Opportunities for Persons With AIDS under subtitle D of title VIII of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act ( 42 U.S.C. 12901 et seq.); or (DD) receives assistance under the Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities under section 811 of the Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act ( 42 U.S.C. 8013 ); and (II) does not include— (aa) single-family housing covered by an application for mortgage insurance under the National Housing Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or (bb) multi-family housing that— (AA) is covered by an application for mortgage insurance under the National Housing Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)