of employees of that State has been or is threatened or adversely affected by a violation of this Act, the attorney general of the State may, as parens patriae, bring a civil action on behalf of the employees of the State in an appropriate State court or district court of the United States to obtain any relief described in paragraph (1)(A) on behalf of residents in the State. Any sums recovered by the State shall be administered by the attorney general of the State in the same manner as described in paragraph (1)(B). (c) Civil fines (1) In general Any employer who violates the provisions of section 3, 4, or 5 shall be subject to a civil fine, assessed by the Secretary of Labor, of not more than $5,000 for each employee and for each day of such violation. (2) Rule of construction Nothing in paragraph (1) shall be construed to preclude an employee of an employer assessed a civil fine under such paragraph from bringing a civil action against the employer under subsection (a). (3) Good faith If an employer that has violated this Act proves to the satisfaction of the court that the act or omission that violated this Act was in good faith and that the employer had reasonable grounds for believing that the act or omission was not a violation of this Act, the court may, in its discretion, reduce the civil fine under this subsection. 7. Rules regarding rights and remedies (a) Rights and remedies not subject to waiver (1) In general The rights and remedies provided under this Act (including the right to maintain a civil action) may not be waived, deferred, or lost pursuant to any agreement or settlement other than an agreement or settlement described in paragraph (2). (2) Agreement or settlement An agreement or settlement referred to in paragraph (1) is an agreement or settlement negotiated by the Secretary, an attorney general of any State, a private attorney on behalf of affected employees, or a designated representative of affected employees under the National Labor Relations Act ( 29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.) or the Railway