; (2) evaluate projected needs for computing consumption and performance required by the public and private sector for the training, auditing, validation, testing, and use of artificial intelligence over the next five years; and (3) offer recommendations to meet these projected needs. II National Artificial Intelligence Research Institutes 201. National Artificial Intelligence Research Institutes (a) In general As part of the Initiative, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall establish a program to award financial assistance for the planning, establishment, and support of Institutes (as described in subsection (b)(2)) in accordance with this section. (b) Financial assistance To establish and support national artificial intelligence research institutes (1) In general Under the Initiative, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, the Director of the National Science Foundation, and every other agency head may award financial assistance to an eligible entity, or consortia thereof, as determined by an agency head, to establish and support an Institute. (2) Artificial intelligence institutes An Institute described in this subsection is an artificial intelligence research institute that— (A) is focused on— (i) a particular economic or social sector, including health, education, manufacturing, agriculture, security, energy, and environment, and includes a component that addresses the ethical, societal, safety, and security implications relevant to the application of artificial intelligence in that sector; or (ii) a cross-cutting challenge for artificial intelligence systems, including trustworthiness, or foundational science; (B) requires partnership among public and private organizations, including, as appropriate, Federal agencies, research universities, community colleges, nonprofit research organizations, Federal laboratories, State, local, and tribal governments, and industry (or consortia thereof)