1. Short title This Act may be cited as the 21st Century Space Grant Modernization Act of 2019 . 2. National space grant college and fellowship program (a) Purposes Section 40301 of title 51, United States Code, is amended— (1) in paragraph (3)— (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking and at the end; (B) in subparagraph (C), by adding and after the semicolon at the end; and (C) by adding at the end the following: (D) promote equally the State and regional STEM interests of each space grant consortium; ; and (2) in paragraph (4), by striking made up of university and industry members, in order to advance and inserting comprised of members of universities in each State and other entities, such as 2-year colleges, industries, science learning centers, museums, and government entities, to advance . (b) Definitions Section 40302 of title 51, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking paragraph (3); (2) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following: (3) Lead institution The term lead institution means an entity in a State that— (A) was designated by the Administrator under section 40306, as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the 21st Century Space Grant Modernization Act of 2019 ; or (B) is designated by the Administrator under section 40303(d)(3). ; (3) in paragraph (4), by striking space grant college, space grant regional consortium, institution of higher education, and inserting lead institution, space grant consortium, ; (4) by striking paragraphs (6), (7), and (8); (5) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following: (6) Space grant consortium The term space grant consortium means a statewide group, led by a lead institution, that has established partnerships with other academic institutions, industries, science learning centers, museums, and government entities to promote a strong educational base in the space and aeronautical sciences. ; (6) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph (7); (7) in paragraph (7)(B), as so redesignated, by inserting and aeronautics after space