; and (2) certify that they are in compliance with the protections under this subtitle or describe the steps they will take within 180 days to come into compliance, or to ensure compliance among subgrantees. (c) Oversight Oversight and accountability mechanisms provided for under title VIII of the Civil Rights Act of 1968 ( 42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.) shall be available to address violations of this section. (d) Definition For purposes of this section, covered governmental entity shall mean any municipal, county, or State government that receives funding pursuant to section 106 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 ( 42 U.S.C. 5306 ). (e) Subgrantees For those covered governmental entities that distribute funds to subgrantees, compliance with subsection (b)(1) includes inquiring about the existence of laws and policies adopted by subgrantees that impose penalties on landlords, homeowners, residents, occupants, guests, or housing applicants based on requests for law enforcement or emergency assistance or based on criminal activity that occurred at a property. . (b) Supporting effective, alternative crime reduction methods (1) Additional authorized use of Byrne-JAG funds Section 501(a)(1) of subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 ( 34 U.S.C. 10152(a)(1) ) is amended by adding after subparagraph (H) the following: (I) Programs for the development and implementation of alternative methods of reducing crime in communities, to supplant punitive programs or policies. For purposes of this subparagraph, a punitive program or policy is a program or policy that (i) imposes a penalty on a victim of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, or stalking, on the basis of a request by the victim for law enforcement or emergency assistance