under paragraph (1) based on the following prioritization: (A) First to State survey and certification agencies (as described in subsection (f) of such section 1128I) serving populations with a high burden, as defined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services, of COVID–19. (B) Second to such agencies preparing for, or working to mitigate, a COVID–19 surge or any similar infectious disease outbreak. (C) Third to such agencies serving a high number, as defined by the Secretary, of low-income, uninsured, or under-insured populations, including medically underserved populations. (D) Fourth to such agencies, as determined by the Secretary, based on the size of their nursing home population. (E) Fifth to any other such agencies. (b) Special rules during COVID–19 emergency period and other infectious disease outbreak periods (1) Medicare (A) In general Section 1819(g)(2) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395i–3(g)(2) ) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: (F) COVID–19 emergency period and other infectious disease outbreak periods (i) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of this paragraph, during an infectious disease outbreak period (as defined in clause (ii)), with respect to a State, the following shall apply: (I) Each skilled nursing facility shall be subject to a standard survey under subparagraph (A) not later than 4 weeks after the beginning of such period and every 6 months after the date of the previous standard survey conducted under such subparagraph. (II) Follow-up surveys under this paragraph shall be conducted based on if the skilled nursing facility is found to be— (aa) a facility with substandard quality of care