1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Screening All Fentanyl-Enhanced Mail Act of 2019 or the SAFE Mail Act . 2. Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The United States continues to experience an epidemic of overdoses of fentanyl, heroin, and prescription opioids that claimed more than 49,000 lives in 2017. (2) Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that depresses central nervous system and respiratory function, with euphoric effects that may be more powerful than the euphoric effects of heroin or morphine. (3) The effect of fentanyl can be up to 50 times stronger than the effect of heroin, and 50 to 100 times stronger than the effect of morphine. (4) Although pharmaceutical fentanyl can be diverted for misuse, most fentanyl deaths are believed to be linked to illicit fentanyl. (5) Across the United States, the use of illicit fentanyl and deaths related to that use are rising at alarming rates. (6) According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, between 2016 and 2017, the rate of drug overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids—largely fentanyl—increased by 45 percent. (7) In 2017, more than 28,000 deaths involving synthetic opioids—largely fentanyl—occurred in the United States, outnumbering deaths from any other type of opioid. According to preliminary data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, that figure increased to nearly 32,000 deaths in 2018. (8) Depending on the route of administration and other factors, as little as 2 milligrams of illicit fentanyl (similar in size to a few grains of salt) can be fatal. (9) Fentanyl is the primary synthetic opioid available in the United States. (10) The internet has significantly increased the availability of illicit fentanyl and other illicit synthetic opioids in the United States. Those drugs are widely advertised for sale, and are available for purchase, on the open and dark web. (11) Most illicit fentanyl trafficked into the United States originates in the People's Republic of China and is transported into the United States