shall apply to individuals who begin work for the employer after December 31, 2019. NN Jobs, On-the-Job Earn-While-You-Learn Training, and Apprenticeships for Young African-Americans 15201. Short title This subtitle may be cited as the Jobs, On-the-Job Earn-While-You-Learn Training, and Apprenticeships for Young African-Americans Act . 15202. Findings and purpose (a) Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Young African-American men and women are the hardest hit by economic instability. Declared and affirmed by the Federal Reserve, African Americans face unemployment rates that are two to three times higher than their White counterparts for the last several decades. (2) During economic recessions in 1974–75, 1981–82, 1990–91, and 2008, the African-American community faced significantly higher unemployment rates than their White counterparts. (3) Even during times of economic growth, African-American communities experience prolonged financial vulnerability and delayed recovery. Unemployment rates decline at a slower rate for African-American men, and even a slower rate for African-American women as compared to their White counterparts. (4) This extraordinarily high unemployment rate has a terrible rippling impact on the breakdown of the family structure, as men and women in this age group are in the primary child-producing ages. (5) Affirmed by the Department of Labor, diversity and inclusion within the workforce benefits employees and businesses across all industries, including apprenticeship programs, which provide economic mobility to its participants. (6) Through the combined efforts of building trades unions and community partners at the State and local level, there have been established more than 150 apprenticeship readiness programs across the United States that focus on creating pathways to Registered Programs for people of color, women, and veterans. Overall, from 2009 to 2019, building trades unions and their signatory contractors have invested over $100,000,000 in outreach efforts targeting