; and (B) does not include— (i) instances in which the service provided was limited to a speech or similar appearance by the covered employee; or (ii) a client of the former employer of the covered employee to whom the covered employee did not personally provide such services. (6) Former employer The term former employer — (A) means a person for whom a covered employee served as an employee, officer, director, trustee, or general partner during the 2-year period ending on the date before the date on which the covered employee begins service in the Federal Government; and (B) does not include— (i) an entity in the Federal Government, including an executive branch agency; (ii) a State or local government; (iii) the District of Columbia; (iv) an Indian tribe, as defined in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 5304 ); or (v) the government of a territory or possession of the United States. (7) Particular matter The term particular matter has the meaning given that term in section 207(i) of title 18, United States Code. 602. Conflict of interest and eligibility standards (a) In general A covered employee may not use, or attempt to use, the official position of the covered employee to participate in a particular matter in which the covered employee knows a former employer or former client of the covered employee has a financial interest. (b) Waiver (1) In general The head of the covered agency employing a covered employee, in consultation with the Director, may grant a written waiver of the restrictions under subsection (a) prior to engaging in the action otherwise prohibited by subsection (a) if, and to the extent that, the head of the covered agency certifies in writing that— (A) the application of the restriction to the particular matter is inconsistent with the purposes of the restriction