; (5) three and four-dimensional seismic imaging and tomography; (6) well placement and orientation; (7) long-term reservoir management; (8) drilling technologies, methods, and tools; (9) improved exploration tools; (10) zonal isolation; and (11) understanding induced seismicity risks from reservoir engineering and stimulation. (c) Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy The Secretary shall support the establishment and construction of up to 3 field research sites operated by public or academic entities, which shall each be known as a Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy or FORGE site to develop, test, and enhance techniques and tools for enhanced geothermal energy. (1) Duties The Secretary shall— (A) award grants in support of research and development projects focused on advanced monitoring technologies, new technologies and approaches for implementing multi-zone stimulations, and dynamic reservoir modeling that incorporates all available high-fidelity characterization data; and (B) seek opportunities to coordinate efforts and share information with domestic and international partners engaged in research and development of geothermal systems and related technology. (2) Site selection Of the FORGE sites referred to in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— (A) consider applications through a competitive, merit-reviewed process, from National Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, institutes of higher education and other appropriate entities best suited to provide national leadership on geothermal related issues and perform the duties enumerated under this subsection; and (B) prioritize existing field sites and facilities with capabilities relevant to the duties enumerated under this subsection. (3) Funding Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under section 11 of the Advanced Geothermal Research and Development Act of 2019 , there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the FORGE activities under this paragraph— (A) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2020