; (2) in subsection (b)— (A) by redesignating paragraphs (6) and (7) as paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively; and (B) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following: (6) STIP The term STIP means a statewide transportation improvement program developed by a State under section 135(g). ; (3) in subsection (c)— (A) in paragraph (1) by striking and transportation improvement programs and inserting and TIPs ; and (B) by adding at the end the following: (4) Consideration In developing the plans and TIPs, metropolitan planning organizations shall consider direct and indirect emissions of greenhouse gases. ; (4) in subsection (d)— (A) in paragraph (2) by striking Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of MAP–21, each and inserting Each ; (B) in paragraph (3) by adding at the end the following: (D) Considerations (i) Equitable and proportional representation In designating officials or representatives under paragraph (2), the metropolitan planning organization shall consider the equitable and proportional representation of the population of the metropolitan planning area. (ii) Savings clause Nothing in this paragraph shall require a metropolitan planning organization in existence on the date of enactment of this subparagraph to be restructured. (iii) Redesignation Notwithstanding clause (ii), the requirements of this paragraph shall apply to any metropolitan planning organization redesignated under paragraph (6). ; (C) in paragraph (6)(B) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting paragraphs (2) or (3)(D) ; and (D) in paragraph (7)— (i) by striking an existing metropolitan planning area and inserting an urbanized area ; and (ii) by striking the existing metropolitan planning area and inserting the area ; (5) in subsection (g)— (A) in paragraph (1) by striking a metropolitan area and inserting an urbanized area ; (B) in paragraph (2) by striking MPOs and inserting Metropolitan planning areas