; and (2) by inserting after paragraph (14) the following new paragraph: (15) Provider of strategic lobbying services (A) In general The term provider of strategic lobbying services means any person who, during a quarterly period described in section 5, provided a registrant under section 4 with 12 or more hours of services which are described in subparagraph (C) but which are not otherwise treated as lobbying activities or lobbying contacts. (B) Special rule for former officials In the case of a person who served as a covered executive branch official or a covered legislative branch official in the previous 20 years and who, during a quarterly period described in section 5, provided a registrant under section 4 with services described in subparagraph (A) and also carried out lobbying activities on behalf of the registrant, such person shall be treated as a provider of strategic lobbying services if the combined time spent in providing services described in subparagraph (A) and lobbying activities on behalf of the registrant during the period was 12 hours or greater. (C) Services described The services described in this subparagraph are the following: (i) Providing strategic planning for lobbying activities or lobbying campaigns. (ii) Providing strategic advice regarding earned media or press coverage related to specific issues upon which a lobbyist employed by the registrant engaged in lobbying activities. (iii) Polling services enlisted by a registrant related to specific issues upon which a lobbyist employed by the registrant engaged in lobbying activities. (iv) Providing advice on or producing public communications related to specific issues upon which a lobbyist employed by the registrant engaged in lobbying activities. (v) Encouraging persons to support or oppose legislative or administrative action or take action with regard to specific issues upon which a lobbyist employed by the registrant engaged in lobbying activities, including the costs of creating formal or informal coalitions of organizations for