levels under the April 2010 Treaty on Measures for the Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms between the United States and the Russian Federation (commonly known as the New START Treaty ) are more than adequate for what the United States needs to fulfill its national security objectives and can be reduced by up to 1/3 below levels under the New START Treaty to 1,000 to 1,100 warheads. (7) A December 2018 Congressional Budget Office analysis showed that the projected costs of nuclear forces over the next decade can be reduced by $8,000,000,000 to $9,000,000,000 by trimming back current plans, while still maintaining a triad of delivery systems. Even larger savings would accrue over the subsequent decade. (8) Even without additional reductions below the New START Treaty limit of 1,550 deployed strategic warheads, the United States can save tens of billions of dollars by deploying those warheads more efficiently on delivery systems and by deferring production of new delivery systems until they are needed. (9) President Donald Trump is proposing to expand the role of, and spending on, nuclear weapons in United States policy at the same time that it has undermined critical arms control and nonproliferation agreements. The President has provided no clear indication that the President intends to extend the New START Treaty. The potential expiration of that treaty will remove all limits on the size of the United States and Russian nuclear arsenals, heightening further the risk of unconstrained nuclear weapons competition and even greater spending on nuclear weapons. 3. Reductions in nuclear forces (a) Reduction of nuclear-Armed submarines Notwithstanding any other provision of law, none of the funds authorized to be appropriated or otherwise made available for fiscal year 2020 or any fiscal year thereafter for the Department of Defense may be obligated or expended for purchasing more than eight Columbia-class submarines. (b) Reduction of ground-Based missiles Notwithstanding any other provision of