; or (B) a pathway explicitly authorized by a public authority or a railroad carrier that is dedicated for the use of nonvehicular traffic, including pedestrians, bicyclists, and others, that is not associated with a public highway, road, or street, or a private roadway, crosses one or more railroad tracks either at grade or grade-separated. (2) Blocked crossing The term blocked crossing means a circumstance in which a train, railroad car, or engine is stopped or is standing in a manner that obstructs public travel at a crossing. (3) State The term State means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. . (b) Conforming amendment The table of contents for chapter 201 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by striking the item relating to section 20160 and inserting the following: 20160. National crossing inventory and blocked crossings. . 4. Establishment of 10-minute time limit for blocking public grade crossings (a) In general Chapter 201 of title 49, United States Code, is further amended by adding at the end of subchapter II the following: 20169. Time limit for blocking a rail crossing (a) Time limit A train, locomotive, railroad car, or other rail equipment is prohibited from blocking a crossing in excess of 10 minutes, unless the train, locomotive, or other equipment is directly delayed by— (1) a casualty or serious injury; (2) an accident; (3) a track obstruction; (4) an act of God