1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Maritime Transportation System Emergency Relief Act of 2020 . 2. Maritime transportation system emergency relief program (a) In general Chapter 503 of title 46, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 50308. Maritime transportation system emergency relief program (a) Definitions In this section the following definitions shall apply: (1) Eligible State entity The term eligible State entity means a port authority, or a State-owned or -operated vessel and facilities associated with the operation of such vessel, in any State. (2) Eligible entity The term eligible entity means a public or private entity that is created or organized in the United States or under the laws of the United States, with significant operations in and a majority of its employees based in the United States, that is engaged in— (A) vessel construction, transportation by water, or support activities for transportation by water with an assigned North American Industry Classification System code beginning with 3366, 483, or 4883; or (B) as determined by the Secretary of Transportation— (i) construction related to activities described in subparagraph (A); or (ii) maritime education and training. (3) Eligible operating costs The term eligible operating costs means costs relating to— (A) emergency response; (B) cleaning; (C) sanitization; (D) janitorial services; (E) staffing; (F) workforce retention; (G) paid leave; (H) procurement and use of protective health equipment and training for employees and contractors; (I) debt service payments; (J) infrastructure repair projects