; (2) by redesignating paragraphs (28) through (50) as paragraphs (30) through (52), respectively; (3) by redesignating paragraphs (19) through (27) as paragraphs (20) through (28), respectively; (4) by inserting after paragraph (18) the following: (19) The term forage fish means— (A) any fish that, throughout its life cycle— (i) is at a low trophic level; (ii) contributes significantly to the diets of other fish, marine mammals or birds; and (iii) serves as a conduit for energy transfer to species at a higher trophic level; or (B) any other fish specified as a forage fish for purposes of this paragraph in a fishery management plan or amendment that is transmitted by a Council and approved by the Secretary in accordance with section 304(a). ; (5) by inserting after paragraph (28), as redesignated by paragraph (3), the following: (29) The term low trophic level means a position in the marine food web in which the fish generally consume plankton. ; and (6) in paragraph (35), as redesignated by paragraph (2)— (A) in subparagraph (B), by striking and ; (B) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period and inserting ; and ; and (C) by adding at the end the following: (D) in the case of a forage fish, is reduced, pursuant to subparagraph (B), to provide for the diet needs of fish species and other marine wildlife, such as marine mammals and birds, for which forage fish is a significant part of their diet. . 5. Scientific advice Section 302(g)(1)(B) ( 16 U.S.C. 1852(g)(1)(B) ) is amended to read as follows: (B) Each scientific and statistical committee shall provide its Council ongoing scientific advice for fishery management decisions, including recommendations for— (i) acceptable biological catch; (ii) preventing overfishing; (iii) maximum sustainable yield; (iv) achieving rebuilding targets; (v) maintaining a sufficient abundance, diversity, and localized distribution of forage fish populations to support their role in marine ecosystems