; and (II) develop technologies to enhance the resilience of and better protect critical infrastructure. (ii) Plan Not later than March 26, 2020, and in coordination with the heads of relevant Sector-Specific Agencies, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a research and development action plan to rapidly address modeling shortfall and technology development. (D) Emergency information system (i) In general The Secretary, in coordination with relevant stakeholders, shall implement a network of systems that are capable of providing appropriate emergency information to the public before (if possible), during, and in the aftermath of an EMP or GMD. (ii) Briefing Not later than December 21, 2020, the Secretary, in coordination with the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the system required under clause (i). (E) Quadrennial risk assessments (i) In general The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the Secretary of Commerce, and informed by intelligence-based threat assessments, shall conduct a quadrennial EMP and GMD risk assessment. (ii) Briefings Not later than March 26, 2020, and every 4 years thereafter until 2032, the Secretary, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the Secretary of Commerce shall provide a briefing to the appropriate congressional committees regarding the quadrennial EMP and GMD risk assessment. (iii) Enhancing resilience The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, and the heads of other relevant Sector-Specific Agencies, shall use the results of the quadrennial EMP and GMD risk assessments to better understand and to improve resilience to the effects of EMPs and GMDs across all critical infrastructure sectors, including coordinating the prioritization of critical infrastructure at greatest risk to the effects of EMPs and GMDs. (3) Coordination