; or (4) another area or population that— (A) experiences significant barriers to accessing quality health services; and (B) has a high prevalence of diseases or conditions described in title VII, with such diseases or conditions having a disproportionate impact on racial and ethnic minority groups (as defined in section 1707(g) of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 300u–6(g) )) or a subgroup of people with disabilities who have specific functional impairments. 823. Assessment of use and misuse of de-identified health data (a) In general Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall— (1) enter into an agreement with the Office of the National Coordinator to conduct a study on the impact of digital health technology on medically underserved areas (as described in section 822(c) of the Health Equity and Accountability Act of 2020) in consultation with relevant stakeholders; and (2) submit a report to Congress describing the results of such study, including any recommendations for legislative or administrative action. (b) Study The study described in subsection (a)(1) shall— (1) examine the overall prevalence, and historical and existing practices and their respective prevalence, of use and misuse of de-identified protected health information, as it is defined in section 160.103, title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, to discriminate against or benefit medically underserved areas; (2) identify best practices and tools to leverage the benefits and prevent misuse of de-identified protected health information to discriminate against medically underserved areas; (3) examine the overall prevalence, and historical and existing practices and their respective prevalence, of use and misuse of de-identified personal health information other than protected health information, as it is defined in section 160.103, title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, to discriminate against or benefit medically underserved areas