; (iv) demand response technologies; (v) home and building energy management and control systems; (vi) electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles and electric vehicle charging systems; and (vii) other relevant devices, software, firmware, and hardware; and (F) the supply chain of electric grid management system components; (6) develop technologies that improve the physical security of information systems, including remote assets; (7) integrate human factors research into the design and development of advanced tools and processes for dynamic monitoring, detection, protection, mitigation, response, and cyber situational awareness; (8) evaluate and understand the potential consequences of practices used to maintain the cybersecurity of information systems and intelligent electronic devices; (9) develop or expand the capabilities of existing cybersecurity test beds to simulate impacts of cyber attacks and combined cyber-physical attacks on information systems and electronic devices, including by increasing access to existing and emerging test beds for cooperative utilities, utilities owned by a political subdivision of a State, such as municipally owned electric utilities, and other relevant stakeholders; and (10) develop technologies that reduce the cost of implementing effective cybersecurity technologies and tools, including updates to these technologies and tools, in the energy sector. (c) National science foundation The National Science Foundation, in coordination with other Federal agencies as appropriate, shall through its cybersecurity research and development programs— (1) support basic research to advance knowledge, applications, technologies, and tools to strengthen the cybersecurity of information systems, including electric grid and energy systems, including interdisciplinary research in— (A) evolutionary systems, theories, mathematics, and models; (B) economic and financial theories, mathematics, and models; and (C) big data analytical methods, mathematics, computer coding, and algorithms