; (ii) by minimizing waste from industrial processes; and (iii) by reducing resource intensity; and (F) increase the energy efficiency of industrial processes; (2) alternative materials that produce fewer emissions during production and result in fewer emissions during use, including— (A) innovative building materials; (B) high-performance lightweight materials; and (C) substitutions for critical materials and minerals; (3) development of net-zero emissions liquid and gaseous fuels; (4) emissions reduction in shipping, aviation, and long-distance transportation, including through the use of alternative fuels; (5) carbon capture technologies for industrial processes; (6) high-performance computing to develop advanced materials and manufacturing processes contributing to the focus areas described in paragraphs (1) through (5), including— (A) modeling, simulation, and optimization of the design of energy efficient and sustainable products; and (B) the use of digital prototyping and additive manufacturing to enhance product design