1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Enhancing Fossil Fuel Energy Carbon Technology Act of 2019 . 2. Establishment of coal and natural gas technology program (a) In general The Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking section 962 ( 42 U.S.C. 16292 ) and inserting the following: 962. Coal and natural gas technology program (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Large-scale pilot project The term large-scale pilot project means a pilot project that— (A) represents the scale of technology development beyond laboratory development and bench scale testing, but not yet advanced to the point of being tested under real operational conditions at commercial scale; (B) represents the scale of technology necessary to gain the operational data needed to understand the technical and performance risks of the technology before the application of that technology at commercial scale or in commercial-scale demonstration; and (C) is large enough— (i) to validate scaling factors; and (ii) to demonstrate the interaction between major components so that control philosophies for a new process can be developed and enable the technology to advance from large-scale pilot plant application to commercial-scale demonstration or application. (2) Net-negative carbon dioxide emissions technology The term net-negative carbon dioxide emissions technology means technology— (A) for thermochemical co-conversion of coal and biomass fuels that— (i) uses a carbon capture system; and (ii) with carbon dioxide removal, the Secretary determines can provide electricity, fuels, or chemicals with net-negative carbon dioxide emissions from production and consumption of the end products, while removing atmospheric carbon dioxide