; and (C) barely half of the men from these National Guard units returned home at the end of the war, with the majority dying as POWs of the Imperial Japanese Army. (8) By maintaining their position and engaging the enemy for as long as they did, the troops at Bataan were able to change the momentum of the war, delaying the Japanese timetable to take control of the Southeast Pacific for needed war materials. Because of the heroic actions of the defenders of Bataan, members of the Armed Forces and other Allied forces throughout the Pacific had time to regroup and prepare for the successful liberation of the Pacific and the Philippines. (9) On April 9, 1942, approximately 12,000 United States military personnel and 66,000 Filipino soldiers became POWs with the surrender of the American-Filipino forces on the Bataan Peninsula in the Philippines by Major General Edward P. King. (10) Beginning on April 9 and lasting for almost two weeks, troops from the Armed Forces and the Philippines were taken prisoner and forced to march 65 miles without any food, water, or medical care in what came to be known as the Bataan Death March . They marched from Marviveles north to the San Fernando train station. At San Fernando, the men were packed standing in unventilated boxcars for 24-mile journey by rail to Capas. Survivors then marched an additional three miles to the make-shift POW camp at Camp O'Donnell, an unfinished Philippine Army training facility. (11) During this forced march, an estimated 700 American and possibly 10,000 thousand Filipino soldiers died from starvation, lack of medical care, sheer exhaustion, or abuse by their captors. Hundreds of men on the Death March remain unaccounted for from the march and its immediate aftermath. (12) Conditions at the prisoner of war camps were appalling, leading to increased disease and malnutrition, which precipitated extraordinary death rates of as high as 300 per day. (13) Thousands of troops fought under siege conditions on Corregidor (Fort Mills), a fortress island in Manila