; or (C) knowingly disclosing the existence of a subpoena or other request for beneficial ownership information reported pursuant to this section, except— (i) to the extent necessary to fulfill the authorized request; or (ii) as authorized by the entity that issued the subpoena, or other request. (2) Civil and criminal penalties Any person who violates paragraph (1)— (A) shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than $10,000; and (B) may be fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned for not more than 3 years, or both. (3) Limitation Any person who negligently violates paragraph (1) shall not be subject to civil or criminal penalties under paragraph (2). (4) Waiver The Secretary of the Treasury may waive the penalty for violating paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines that the violation was due to reasonable cause and was not due to willful neglect. (5) Criminal penalty for the misuse or unauthorized disclosure of beneficial ownership information The criminal penalties provided for under section 5322 shall apply to a violation of this section to the same extent as such criminal penalties apply to a violation described in section 5322, if the violation of this section consists of the misuse or unauthorized disclosure of beneficial ownership information. (d) Definitions For the purposes of this section: (1) Applicant The term applicant means any natural person who files an application to form a corporation or limited liability company under the laws of a State or Indian Tribe. (2) Bank Secrecy Act The term Bank Secrecy Act means— (A) section 21 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act; (B) chapter 2 of title I of Public Law 91–508 ; and (C) this subchapter. (3) Beneficial owner (A) In general Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the term beneficial owner means a natural person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship, or otherwise— (i) exercises substantial control over a corporation or limited liability company