; and (ii) with respect to an employee whose annual rate of basic pay is not less than $200,000, not more than $5,000 reduced by employer payroll taxes with respect to such premium pay. (2) Pay (A) In general With respect to the covered period, an employee is entitled to be paid the applicable differential established under paragraph (1) for any period, including any period during the covered period that precedes the date of enactment of this Act, in which the employee is carrying out covered duty, subject to the applicable limitations under that paragraph. (B) Retroactive payment With respect to a payment earned by an employee under this subsection for a period during the covered period that precedes the date of enactment of this Act, the employee shall be paid that payment in a lump sum payment as soon as is practicable after that date of enactment. (3) Guidance and regulations (A) Executive branch (i) In general The Office of Personnel Management shall develop criteria for agencies in the executive branch of the Federal Government regarding the means by which to determine the eligibility of an employee in such an agency for the pay differential established under this subsection, which shall— (I) be based on— (aa) the duties performed by the employee; (bb) the setting in which the employee performs the duties described in item (aa); and (cc) the interactions with the public required in order for the employee to perform the duties described in item (aa)