time and to develop enhancements to stratospheric models used for predicting climate impacts of material introduced into the stratosphere by natural or other means. (5) Under the Weather Modification Reporting Act of 1972 ( 15 U.S.C. 330 et seq.), NOAA is responsible for oversight of any activities undertaken to modify weather, which includes research or testing activities related to modifying the atmosphere to affect local, regional, or global climate (defined as atmospheric climate intervention under such Act). (6) The Montreal Protocol, finalized in 1987, and ratified by the United States in 1988, has proven to be innovative and successful in protecting the Earth’s ozone layer, and is the only environmental treaty to achieve universal ratification by all countries in the world. The United States has been a leader within the Protocol throughout its existence. Hence, the Protocol should remain the governing global agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer. 3. Stratosphere and Climate Intervention Research Program Section 4001 of the America COMPETES Act ( 33 U.S.C. 893 ) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)— (A) by striking atmospheric research and inserting atmospheric and climate intervention research