a severely limited bandwidth of temporary spectrum authority to select Tribal applicants during the COVID–19 crisis, it failed to grant numerous emergency requests from Congress, Indian Tribes, and Native Hawaiian organizations to extend the 2.5 GHz Rural Tribal Priority Window timeline by 180 days to give Native nations a fair opportunity to secure spectrum over their Tribal lands before the August 3, 2020, expiration date amidst the pandemic. (14) To date, the Commission has failed to implement nationwide spectrum opportunities or uniform licensing for Indian Tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations to make spectrum available over their Tribal lands or account for the unmet needs of native Nations in compliance with the Federal trust responsibility. (15) To the contrary, the FCC has used its general authority to regulate for-profit commercial use of spectrum over Tribal lands to assign Indian Tribes’ spectrum licenses to non-Indian companies through privatized auctions, by promulgating regulations for licensed and unlicensed spectrum over Tribal lands, and by conducting oversight over secondary market transactions, including leasing spectrum licenses over Tribal lands and Hawaiian Home Lands to private companies without Tribal consultation or consent. (16) The Commission’s actions parallel failed Federal Reservation Era policy that divided Indian land holdings and created systemic barriers to Indian Tribes’ economic development and legal jurisdictional complications on Tribal lands that continue to disadvantage Tribal communities today. (17) Indian Tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations continue to encounter substantial barriers to accessing spectrum on Tribal lands and Hawaiian Home Lands to deploy telecommunications services for the safety and well-being of their members to decrease the alarming rates of violent crimes, suicides, and additional unnecessary loss of lives that Native Americans disproportionately experience, especially through the lack of access to telehealth services and digital emergency