; (3) hundreds of Falun Gong practitioners have recently received long prison terms, and many other individuals were arbitrarily detained in various legal education facilities, where they were tortured, sometimes fatally, until they abandoned their beliefs; (4) limitations on due process in the People’s Republic of China, including the excessive use of pretrial detention, are rampant, and an extended crackdown on human rights lawyers has weakened the access of defendants to independent legal counsel; and (5) individuals attempting to petition the Government of the People’s Republic of China with respect to grievances or injustices are routinely intercepted in their efforts to travel to Beijing, forcefully returned to their hometowns, or subjected to extralegal detention in black jails , psychiatric institutions, and other sites at which they are at risk of abuse; Whereas the annual report of the United States Congressional-Executive Commission on China for 2019 indicates that— (1) the one-party authoritarian political system of the People’s Republic of China deprives the people of the People’s Republic of China of their right to meaningfully participate in electoral processes and public life generally; (2) in 2019, the Government of the People’s Republic of China detained and prosecuted individuals who criticized government officials and policies online and censored or distorted a range of news and information that the Government of the People’s Republic of China considered politically sensitive , including— (A) the 30th anniversary of the Tiananmen Square massacre; (B) human rights abuses in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; and (C) the protests in Hong Kong against proposed extradition legislation