1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Law Enforcement Oversight and Reform Act of 2020 . 2. Prohibition on excessive force, respiratory chokeholds under the color of law (a) In general Chapter 13 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 250. Excessive force under the color of law (a) In general Whoever, being a law enforcement officer, under color of any law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom, subjects any person in any State, Territory, Commonwealth, Possession, or District, recklessly subjects any person to force in violation of the Fourth Amendment’s prohibition against unreasonable seizures, shall be punished as provided in subsection (c). (b) Chokeholds A respiratory chokehold shall not be considered force that is reasonably necessary under subsection (a). (c) Punishment (1) In general The punishment for an offense under this section is a fine of not less than $10,000, imprisonment under paragraph (2), or both. (2) Term of imprisonment The term of imprisonment for an offense under this section is— (A) if death results, for any term of years or for life, but no less than 10 years; (B) if serious bodily injury other than death results, for not more than 10 years, but no less than 5 years; and (C) in any other case, for not more than 3 years, but no less than one year. (d) Rule of construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the Attorney General’s responsibilities or provision of relief under section 210401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 ( 34 U.S.C. 12601 ). (e) Definition The term law enforcement officer — (1) means an official empowered by law to conduct investigations of, to make arrests for, or to detain individuals suspected or convicted of, criminal or civil offenses