cost rural areas. (2) Single effective date for payments made Any rule adopted pursuant to paragraph (1) shall have the same effective date for payments made to each rural broadband provider. (3) Exemptions The following edge providers are exempt from the requirement to pay a network user fee described in paragraph (1): (A) De minimis amounts An edge provider or class of edge providers whose assessment of network user fees is determined to be de minimis by the Commission. (B) General exemptions Any State, local, or Tribal government, elementary school or secondary school (as such terms are defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 7801 )), library, hospital, or individual. (C) Small business Any small business concern, as described in section 3 of the Small Business Act ( 15 U.S.C. 632 ). (b) Calculation of limited costs, collection of network user fees, and distribution of network user fees (1) Calculation of network user fees (A) Calculation of limited costs The rulemaking under subsection (a) shall include a calculation of costs associated with transmission by a rural broadband provider of edge provider data that are not already recovered through user rates that are reasonably comparable to those in urban areas, Federal or State universal service support, or other Federal or State programs aimed at promoting rural broadband deployment or sustaining rural broadband networks. (B) Costs described The costs described in subparagraph (A) include the following: (i) Costs associated with the initial deployment of a rural broadband network. (ii) Costs associated with ongoing operation and maintenance of such network. (iii) Costs associated with the ongoing delivery of services to users via that network (including costs of transit and transport between rural service areas and urban or suburban interconnection points). (C) Update of costs Not less frequently than every 2 years after the date on which the rulemaking is completed under subsection (a)(1), the calculation of