1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Build More Housing Near Transit Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) An underproduction in housing units relative to demand has led to a national housing shortage. (2) The shortage of housing leaves 47 percent of households cost-burdened, paying more than 30 percent of their income on rent. (3) The number of housing units underproduced from 2000 through 2015 is equal to 7.3 million units in 23 States. (4) Lack of housing supply and rising rent costs exacerbate inequality and reduce opportunity for many Americans. (5) Over half of all renters are cost-burdened, paying more than 30 percent of their income for housing, and 71 percent of extremely low-income households are severely cost-burdened, paying more than half of their income for housing. (6) Low-income households often live far from their jobs which may result in long commute times, increased cost burdens, and limitations on the jobs they can access. (7) Low-income households who live near public transit have lower cost burdens than those who live far from public transit. (8) Public transit system ridership is higher if more housing is located within walking distance of transit stations. (9) Housing built around transit stops should target middle-income families, particularly those with 60 to 100 percent area median income. 3. Engineering phase of fixed guideway capital investment grants (a) In general Section 5309(d)(2) of title 49, United States Code, is amended— (1) in subparagraph (A)— (A) by striking clause (iii) and inserting the following: (iii) is justified based on a comprehensive review of the project’s mobility improvements, the project’s environmental benefits, congestion relief associated with the project, economic development effects and real estate development associated with the project (as evidenced by a housing feasibility assessment conducted by the applicant), current and proposed land use policies and patterns of the project that support public transportation and ridership, and