; (V) in the case of a fifth violation within a 36-month period, $10,000; and (VI) in the case of a sixth or subsequent violation within a 48-month period, $20,000 as determined by the Secretary on a case-by-case basis. . (b) Applicability The amendment made by subsection (a) applies with respect to a violation of a restriction promulgated under section 906(d)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ( 21 U.S.C. 387f(d)(1) ), as described in section 103(q)(1) of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act ( 21 U.S.C. 333 note), occurring on or after the date that is 6 months after the enactment of this Act. The penalties specified in such section 103(q)(1), as in effect on the day before such date, shall continue to apply to violations occurring before such date. 3. Mandatory age verification for all retail purchasers of tobacco products (a) In general Subsection (d) of section 906 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ( 21 U.S.C. 387f ) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: (5) Age verification (A) Requirement The Secretary shall by regulation require, in any retail sale of a tobacco product, verification of the purchaser’s age by means of photographic identification containing the bearer's date of birth. (B) No exception for older purchasers The age verification requirement promulgated under subparagraph (A) shall not include any exception for any purchaser, including any purchaser above a specified age. . (b) Regulations The Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall promulgate a final regulation pursuant to section 906(d)(5) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as added by subsection (a), not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act. 4. Study and report on e-cigarettes Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shall— (1) complete a study on— (A) the relationship of e-cigarettes to tobacco cessation