; and (B) Federal, State, and local public health agencies outside of the Department of Health and Human Services; and (2) make such data (including metadata as defined in section 3502 of title 44, United States Code) publicly available using standardized, machine-readable formats— (A) on the website of the Department of Health and Human Services; and (B) in the Federal data catalogue maintained under section 3511(c) of title 44, United States Code. 3112. Epidemiological surveillance grants (a) Grant authority The Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Center for Health Statistics, may award grants or cooperative agreements to public health reporting entities— (1) to establish protocols and acquire technologies to implement the standards under section 3111 for reporting, directly or indirectly, to the Federal Government, including by— (A) supporting expansion and modernization of electronic case reporting, laboratory reporting, and mortality reporting; (B) making data sharing with the National Center for Health Statistics bidirectional; (C) improving interoperability standards and implementation specifications for industry use to fulfill specific clinical health information technology interoperability needs; (D) developing and implementing protections required by subsection (b); and (E) conducting real-world testing of data sharing to ensure viability, scalability, and adaptability of data collection and reporting activities; and (2) to carry out such reporting using such protocols and technologies. (b) Adoption of standards and data protections The Secretary may not award a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (a) unless the applicant develops an implementation plan to develop and implement policies, practices, procedures, and controls related to— (1) improving data quality and reporting timeliness