; (2) an accident; (3) a track obstruction; (4) an act of God; or (5) a derailment or a major equipment failure that prevents the train from advancing. (b) Civil penalty authority for the Secretary The Secretary may issue civil penalties for violations of subsection (a) for each incident where a crossing is blocked by a standing train, locomotive, or rail equipment in accordance with the following: (1) The minimum civil penalty for blocking a crossing for over 10 minutes shall be $1,000. (2) The Secretary shall establish additional, escalating time intervals and escalating minimum civil penalties for blocked crossing violations in excess of 10 minutes. (3) The maximum civil penalty for a single violation under paragraph (1) or (2) shall be $10,000. (4) The Secretary shall have the discretion, pursuant to section 5 of this Act, to levy additional civil penalties or countermeasures for persistent or egregious instances of blocked crossings. (c) Delegation The Secretary may delegate enforcement actions under subsection (b) to States either through a State inspector certified State by the Federal Railroad Administration, or other law enforcement officials as designated by the States and approved by the Administration. The Secretary shall issue guidance or regulations not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the D-BLOC Act on the criteria and process for law enforcement officials to gain approval under this section. (d) Annual report The Secretary shall report annually to Congress on civil penalties issued pursuant to this section. The Secretary may collect such information as needed from the States to issue the report under this section. The report shall include— (1) the rail operator in violation; (2) the reason a fine was issued; (3) the amount fined