; or (2) a hazardous liquid pipeline facility. (b) Limitations (1) In general Such testing programs may not exceed— (A) 5 percent of the total miles of hazardous liquid pipelines in the United States; and (B) 5 percent of the total miles of natural gas pipelines in the United States. (2) High population areas Any program established under subsection (a) shall not be located in a high population area (as defined in section 195.450 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations). (c) Duration The term of a testing program established under subsection (a) shall be not more than a period of 4 years beginning on the date of approval of the program. (d) Safety standards (1) In general The Secretary shall require, as a condition of approval of a testing program under subsection (a), that the safety measures in the testing program are designed to achieve a level of safety that is greater than, or equivalent to, the level of safety required by this chapter. (2) Determination (A) In general The Secretary may issue an order under subparagraph (A) of section 60118(c)(1) to accomplish the purpose of a testing program for a term not to exceed the time period described in subsection (c) if the condition described in paragraph (1) is met, as determined by the Secretary. (B) Limitation An order under subparagraph (A) shall pertain only to those regulations that would otherwise prevent the use of the safety technology to be tested under the testing program. (e) Considerations In establishing a testing program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider— (1) whether the owners or operators participating in the program have a safety management system in place; (2) whether the proposed safety technology has been tested through a research and development program carried out by— (A) the Secretary; (B) collaborative research development organizations; or (C) other institutions