; and (E) many international partnerships. (2) The PRC seeks to establish a leading position in the economic and military use of outer space and views space as critical to its future security and economic interests. (3) The PRC’s national-level commitment to establishing itself as a global space leader harms United States interests and threatens to undermine many of the advantages the United States has worked so long to establish. (4) For over 60 years, the United States has led the world in space exploration and human space flight through a robust national program that ensures NASA develops and maintains critical spaceflight systems to enable this leadership, including the Apollo program’s Saturn V rocket, the Space Shuttle, the International Space Station and the Space Launch System and Orion today. (5) A 2019 Defense Intelligence Agency noted in its Challenges to U.S. Security in Space report that the PRC was developing a national super-heavy lift rocket comparable to NASA’s Space Launch System. (6) The United States space program and commercial space sector risks being hollowed out by the PRC’s plans to attain leadership in key technologies. (7) It is in the economic and security interest of the United States to remain the global leader in space power. (8) A recent report by the Air Force Research Laboratory and the Defense Innovation Unit found that China’s strategy to bolster its domestic space industry includes a global program of theft and other misappropriation of intellectual property, direct integration of state-owned entities and their technology with commercial start-ups, the use of front companies to invest in United States space companies, vertical control of supply chains, and predatory pricing. (9) The United States Congress passed the Wolf Amendment as part of the Fiscal Year 2012 Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act ( Public Law 112–55 ) and every year thereafter in response to the nefarious and offensive nature of Chinese activities in the space industry. 3. Report (a)