; and if death results, shall be imprisoned not more than 20 years. (2) It shall not be a defense under this subsection that the person who fails to intervene is of a lower rank than, junior in status to, or employed in a different agency or component from the person using excessive force. (d) Non-Defenses In a prosecution for an offense under this section, there need not be proof that the defendant had familiarity with this code section, or had any knowledge that any particular constitutional amendment, Federal or State law, or any policy or regulation prohibited the use of force at issue. (e) Definitions (1) Intentional Purposefully using more force than what the person knows is reasonably necessary under all the facts and circumstances. (2) Reckless Consciously disregarding a substantial and unjustifiable risk that excessive force will result from the person’s actions. The risk must be of such a nature and degree that, considering the nature and purpose of the person’s conduct and the circumstances known to that person, its disregard involves a gross deviation from the standard of conduct that a law-abiding person, acting under color of law, would observe in the person’s situation. (3) Excessive force Force that is more than what is reasonably necessary to accomplish a legitimate law enforcement function. In a jail, prison, or other correctional setting, force that is more than is reasonably necessary to accomplish a legitimate penological function. (4) Color of law A person acts under color of law if the person is performing a legitimate law enforcement or penological function as an employee, contractor, or otherwise on behalf of, a Federal, State, or local government. . (b) Technical and conforming amendment The table of sections for chapter 13 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 242 the following: 242A. Excessive force. .