an existing qualified facility for the manufacture, repair, or modernization of railcars, which— (i) enables such facility, after such improvements, to modernize railcars such that they will meet the requirements of the Association of American Railroads Standard S–286 or the design standards set forth in the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration’s HM–251 final rule (as amended by HM–251C), or (ii) enables such facility to implement enhanced controls to meet environmental standards including emissions limits under the Clean Air Act or wastewater standards under the Clean Water Act and corresponding state/local requirements, or (B) is associated with the deployment of technology, including equipment, used by any owner of a qualified freight railcar or an existing qualified facility to manufacture, repair, or modernize railcars or to manufacture railcar components that improves the efficiency, quality, or safety of railcar or railcar component manufacturing, repair, modernization or fleet management operations. (4) Newly built replacement railcar The term newly built replacement railcar means a qualified freight railcar which— (A) is built after the date of the enactment of this section, and (B) is ordered or originally placed in service before January 1, 2025. (5) Originates The term originates refers to the country of origin of a part, component, subassembly or finished product, as described in the Rules of Origin of Article 4.2 of the United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement ( 19 U.S.C. 4531(c) ) or any subsequent free trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada. (6) Qualified railway supply company The term qualified railway supply company means an entity that manufactures, repairs, modernizes or owns a qualified freight railcar or manufactures components for qualified freight railcars, that is not an entity that would be ineligible for an award of a contract or subcontract under 49 U.S.C. 5323(u) . (7) Qualified freight railcar (A) In general The term qualified freight railcar