; (4) the vast majority of American Indian and Alaska Native victims, 96 percent of female victims and 89 percent of male victims, report being victimized by a non-Indian; (5) Indian Tribes exercising special domestic violence criminal jurisdiction over non-Indians restored in the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013 ( Public Law 113–4 ; 127 Stat. 54) have reported significant successes holding violent offenders accountable for crimes of domestic violence, dating violence, and civil protection order violations; (6) Tribal prosecutors for Indian Tribes exercising special domestic violence criminal jurisdiction report that the majority of domestic violence cases involve children as either witnesses or victims; (7) the Department of Justice reports that American Indian and Alaska Native children suffer exposure to violence at 1 of the highest rates in the United States; (8) childhood exposure to violence has immediate and long-term effects, including— (A) increased rates of altered neurological development; (B) poor physical and mental health; (C) poor school performance; (D) substance abuse; and (E) overrepresentation in the juvenile justice system; (9) according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, homicide is— (A) the third leading cause of death among American Indian and Alaska Native women between the ages of 10 and 24; and (B) the fifth leading cause of death for American Indian and Alaska Native women between the ages of 25 and 34; (10) on some reservations, Indian women are murdered at rates of more than 10 times the national average; (11) according to the 2017 report by the Department of Justice entitled Indian Country Investigations and Prosecutions , 66 percent of criminal prosecutions for crimes in Indian country that United States attorneys declined to prosecute involved assault, murder, and sexual assault