; (8) exotic and wild animals used in traveling performances suffer severe and extended confinement, and, deprived of natural movements and behaviors, are prone to chronic stress and behavioral, health, and psychological problems; (9) exotic and wild animals are forced to perform unnatural tricks requiring extreme physical coercion, including the use of food and water restrictions, electric shock devices, bullhooks, metal bars, whips, shovels, pitchforks, and other abuses; (10) it is not necessary to use exotic or wild animals in traveling performances to experience the circus or similar events; (11) using exotic or wild animals as commodities traded for traveling performances adds nothing to the understanding and conservation of those animals and the natural environment, and actually undermines conservation efforts necessary to protect threatened and endangered species; (12) it is not possible to provide or ensure public and worker safety or appropriate physical and mental welfare of exotic and wild animals under the traveling performance business model, which inherently and significantly restricts the natural movements and behaviors of animals, and in which abuse is prevalent and oversight problematic; (13) the use of exotic or wild animals in traveling performances is or substantially affects interstate or foreign commerce and the free flow of interstate or foreign commerce; (14) it is essential to regulate the use of exotic or wild animals in traveling performances to ensure the humane care and treatment of animals; and (15) restricting the use of exotic and wild animals in traveling performances is the most cost-effective and efficient way to safeguard animals, workers, and the public. 3. Use of exotic or wild animals in traveling performances prohibited Section 13 of the Animal Welfare Act ( 7 U.S.C. 2143 ) is amended— (1) by redesignating subsections (g) and (h) as subsections (h) and (i), respectively