; and (B) the close conditions and lack of access to hygiene products in prisons make these institutions unusually susceptible to viral pandemics. (6) The spread of communicable disease in the United States generally constitutes a serious, heightened threat to the safety of incarcerated individuals, and there is a serious threat to the general public that prisons may become incubators of community spread of communicable viral disease. (b) Definitions In this section: (1) Covered health condition The term covered health condition with respect to an individual, means the individual— (A) is pregnant; (B) has chronic lung disease or asthma; (C) has congestive heart failure or coronary artery disease; (D) has diabetes; (E) has a neurological condition that weakens the ability to cough or breathe; (F) has HIV; (G) has sickle cell anemia; (H) has cancer; or (I) has a weakened immune system. (2) Covered individual The term covered individual — (A) means an individual who— (i) is a juvenile (as defined in section 5031 of title 18, United States Code); (ii) is 50 years of age or older; (iii) has a covered health condition; or (iv) is within 12 months of release from incarceration; and (B) includes an individual described in subparagraph (A) who is serving a term of imprisonment for an offense committed before November 1, 1987, or who is serving a term of imprisonment in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons for a sentence imposed pursuant to a conviction for a criminal offense under the laws of the District of Columbia. (3) National emergency relating to a communicable disease The term national emergency relating to a communicable disease means— (A) an emergency involving Federal primary responsibility determined to exist by the President under the section 501(b) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5191(b) ) with respect to a communicable disease