; (4) the term TNC driver means an individual who is employed or contracted by a transportation network company to provide transportation services to the public through a TNC platform; (5) the term TNC platform means an online-enabled application or digital network used to connect riders to TNC drivers for the purpose of providing prearranged transportation services; (6) the term TNC vehicle means a vehicle owned, leased, or otherwise authorized for use by a TNC driver that the TNC driver uses to provide prearranged transportation services, also known as a ride-hailing vehicle; and (7) the term transportation network company — (A) means a corporation, partnership, sole proprietorship, or other entity, that uses a digital network to connect riders to drivers affiliated with the entity in order for the driver to transport the rider using a vehicle owned, leased, or otherwise authorized for use by the driver to a point chosen by the rider; and (B) does not include a shared-expense carpool or vanpool arrangement that is not intended to generate profit for the driver. 7. GAO study on the incidence of assault and abuse of ride-hailing riders and drivers The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study on the incidence of assault and abuse perpetrated on drivers by riders using ride-hailing vehicles, and on such riders by drivers of ride-hailing vehicles, and shall submit a report to Congress not later than one year after the date of enactment of this Act. The report shall also examine— (1) the nature and specifics of any background checks conducted by ride-hailing companies on potential drivers, including any State laws which may require such background checks; (2) incidences where individuals who are not ride-hailing drivers try to pose as ride-hailing drivers; (3) incidences of ride-hailing passengers entering the wrong vehicle, whether or not the vehicle was a ride-hailing vehicle