1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Eastern Mediterranean Security and Energy Partnership Act of 2019 . 2. Findings Congress makes the following findings: (1) The security of partners and allies in the Eastern Mediterranean region is critical to the security of the United States and Europe. (2) Greece is a valuable member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and a key pillar of stability in the Eastern Mediterranean. (3) Israel is a steadfast ally of the United States and has been designated a major non-NATO ally and major strategic partner . (4) Cyprus is an important partner in the Eastern Mediterranean and signed a Statement of Intent with the United States on July 10, 2018, to enhance bilateral security cooperation. (5) The countries of Israel, Greece, and Cyprus participate in a critical trilateral dialogue to improve cooperation on energy and security issues. (6) Secretary of State Mike Pompeo participated in the trilateral dialogue among the three countries on March 20, 2019. (7) All three countries oppose any action in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Aegean Sea that could challenge stability, violate international law, or undermine good neighborly relations. (8) The recent discovery of a large natural gas field off the Egyptian coast and the newest discoveries of natural gas off of the Cypriot coast could represent a significant positive development for the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East and may offer new economic opportunities in the region provided ecologically sound extraction methods protect the regional environment. (9) The Government of Turkey has expressed an intent to purchase the S–400 missile defense system from the Russian Federation, which could trigger the imposition of mandatory sanctions under the Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act ( Public Law 115–114 ). (10) It is in the national security interests of the United States to promote, achieve, and maintain energy security among, and through cooperation with, allies. (11) Natural gas