1. Short title This Act may be cited as the 340B Protection and Accountability Act of 2019 . 2. Strengthening 340B program integrity and enhancing low-income patient benefits for safety net providers (a) Definition of patient Section 340B(b) of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 256b(b) ) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: (3) Patient (A) In general In this section, the term patient means, with respect to a covered entity described in subparagraph (L) or (M) of subsection (a)(4), an individual who, on a prescription-by-prescription or order-by-order basis— (i) receives a health care service at a covered entity or an outpatient hospital facility described in subsection (c)(3) which is registered for the drug discount program under this section and listed on the public internet website of the Department of Health and Human Services relating to this section; (ii) receives an outpatient in-person health care service from a health care provider employed by the covered entity or who is an independent contractor of the covered entity, such that the covered entity bills for services on behalf of the provider; (iii) receives a drug that is ordered or prescribed by the covered entity provider, including any renewals of existing prescriptions, as a result of the service described in clause (ii); (iv) in the case of a covered entity that has a contract with a State or local government described in subclause (III) of subsection (a)(4)(L)(i), receives a health care service or range of such services, to include the ordering or prescribing of a covered outpatient drug, from the covered entity pursuant to such contract; (v) is classified as an outpatient when the drug is ordered or prescribed, as demonstrated by how the service was reimbursed by the applicable payer, or, where the covered entity does not seek such reimbursement, how the service would have been reimbursed under title XVIII of the Social Security Act