; (D) condoning and facilitating the practice of forced abortions, sterilization procedures, and other forms of sexual abuse on women imprisoned in these camps; (E) arresting and silencing whistleblowers following the outbreak of the SARS–CoV–2 virus; and (F) using the People’s Armed Forces Maritime Militia (PAFMM) and other paramilitary forces to constantly infringe upon the sovereignty of surrounding countries, including in April 2020, when a Chinese maritime surveillance vessel sank a Vietnamese fishing boat off the Paracel Islands. (2) Such blatant disregard for basic human decency run contrary to the well-functioning of an open and civilized society. (3) Ultimate responsibility for these outrages must lie with the head of state of the People’s Republic of China. (4) The title of President has often been utilized to describe the office of the head of state of the People’s Republic of China, in both the United States Government and private publications. (5) Addressing the head of state of the People’s Republic of China as a President grants the incorrect assumption that the people of the state, via democratic means, have readily legitimized the leader who rules them. (6) The head of state of the People’s Republic of China derives all power and authority from the Chinese Communist Party, and is accountable only to them. (7) The House of Representatives has based the proposed action described in this resolution on the recommendations provided by the 2019 report of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission. 3. United States Policy It is the policy of the United States to— (1) condemn in the strongest possible terms the horrific human rights abuses being perpetuated and enabled by the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party; (2) urge all countries to do the same; (3) recognize the deep friendship between the United States and the citizens of the People’s Republic of China—the first victims of their government’s cruelty