; (8) recognizes that under the current immigration legal framework, individuals may exploit visa marriage and fiancé petitions for nefarious purposes, including— (A) coercing forced marriages; and (B) the trafficking and abuse of children; and (9) acknowledges that between 2007 and 2017— (A) loopholes in the United States immigration laws resulted in the approval by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services of 8,868 petitions involving minors for spousal or fiancé entry into the United States; and (B) girls were the younger party in 95 percent of such petitions. 3. Protecting children through eliminating visa loopholes (a) Definitions Section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101(a) ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (15)(K)— (A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking (p) of section 214, an alien and inserting (r) of section 214, an alien who is at least 18 years of age ; and (B) by inserting who is at least 18 years of age after a citizen of the United States each time such term appears; and (2) in paragraph (35), by adding at the end the following: Such terms do not include any individual who is younger than 18 years of age or who is married to an individual who is younger than 18 years of age. . (b) Effective date (1) K nonimmigrants The amendments made by subsection (a)(1)— (A) shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act; and (B) shall apply to any petition or application seeking nonimmigrant status for any alien under section 101(a)(15)(K) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(K) ) that is pending before any agency, officer, or employee of the United States on or after such date of enactment. (2) Spouse; wife; husband The amendment made by subsection (a)(2)— (A) subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act; (B) subject to subparagraph (C), shall apply to marriages entered into before, on, or after such date of enactment