; and (3) the cruise vessel is more than 12 nautical miles from shore. (b) Sensitive water bodies Notwithstanding any other provision of this paragraph, no cruise vessel departing from, or calling on, a port of the United States may discharge treated or untreated sewage, graywater, or bilge water into waters belonging to Alaska, the Arctic, National Marine Sanctuaries, and National Marine Monuments. (c) Exception The requirements of this section shall not apply to discharges made for the purpose of securing the safety of the cruise vessel or saving life at sea, provided that all reasonable precautions have been taken for the purpose of preventing or minimizing the discharge. (d) Penalties (1) Civil penalty Any person who violates this section shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty not to exceed $50,000 per day for each violation. (2) Separate violation Each day of a continuing violation shall constitute a separate violation. (3) Criminal penalty A person who knowingly violates this section commits a class D felony. (4) False statement Any person who knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification in any record, report, or other document filed or required to be maintained under this section, or who falsifies, tampers with, or knowingly renders inaccurate any testing or monitoring device or method required to be maintained under this section commits a class D felony. (5) Administration of penalties (A) In general The Secretary of Homeland Security shall enforce the assessment and collection of any penalty described in this subsection. (B) Referral to Attorney General If any person fails to pay an assessment of a civil penalty under this section after it has become final, the Secretary may refer the matter to the Attorney General of the United States for collection in any appropriate district court of the United States. (e) Definition of territorial sea In this section, the term territorial sea has the meaning given such term in Presidential Proclamation 5928. 5. Penalties for