; (5) determines the manner and frequency with which State insurance regulators identify questionable underwriting and rating practices in the provision of private passenger automobile insurance coverage and take actions to address findings of noncompliance with State law and ensure that rates are not excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory, including analyzing any problems and deficiencies identified among State insurance regulators. (b) Preliminary analysis Not later than the expiration of the 12-month period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Congress preliminary analysis based on the study conducted pursuant to subsection (a) that, for private passenger automobile insurance— (1) compares premium rates for such coverage for similar drivers with different non-driving characteristics described in subsection (a)(3) and other such characteristics as the Comptroller General considers appropriate; (2) evaluates the use of data related to non-driving characteristics in underwriting and pricing assistance and premium calculations; and (3) determines the extent to which any of the research indicates a disparate impact on protected classes of people resulting from the use of non-driving rating and underwriting factors. (c) Obtaining insurer information (1) In general The Comptroller General shall obtain and utilize in each study under this section— (A) data from insurers that identifies, for the preceding year— (i) premiums charged and premiums quoted for policyholders and applicants; (ii) base rates, other rating factors, and risk classifications used for underwriting and pricing such insurance, whether in the form of underwriting guidelines, tier placement factors, rating factors, or other terminology; (iii) the sources and uses of insurance and non-insurance data used for risk classification and pricing; (iv) the census tract of the place garaging of the insured vehicle; and (v) insurer rating algorithms and non-standard data used by the insurers