; (C) distribute finished goods and profits in proportion to investment; (D) on behalf of the owners of the Cooperative, sell surplus finished goods on the open market; and (E) accept and process rare earth resources, or other critical minerals, with elevated levels of thorium or uranium that are— (i) mined in the United States; (ii) from any domestic waste product, co-product, or byproduct of some other mined commodity; or (iii) produced by any foreign supplier that has invested in the Cooperative. (b) Securing rare earths The following materials shall be considered to be an unrefined and unprocessed ore, as defined in section 40.4 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation: (1) Any material accepted by the Cooperative under subsection (a)(2)(E). (2) A thorium bearing rare earth ore that is— (A) a byproduct or coproduct of another mined commodity; and (B) sold and shipped under a supply agreement with the Cooperative. (c) Producers of rare earths A producer that acts under a supply contract with the Cooperative may, under the rules for unrefined and unprocessed ore under part 40 of title 10, Code of Federal Regulations, process, manage, and transport any material with respect to which the contract applies. (d) Liability Notwithstanding any other provision of law or regulation— (1) the Federal Government shall not be liable for any activities of the Cooperative under this section; and (2) the Cooperative shall establish and secure sufficient financial surety bonding and other insurance, consistent with private industry standards. 5. Thorium Storage, Energy, and Industrial Products Corporation (a) Establishment Not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall coordinate with relevant Federal agencies to procure the issuance of a Federal charter for a privately funded and privately operated corporation, which— (1) shall be known as the Thorium Storage, Energy, and Industrial Products Corporation