services from displaced or vulnerable people. In 2018, the United Nations received a total of 148 sexual exploitation and abuse allegations directly involving United Nations aid workers, and 111 involving staff from partner organizations implementing United Nations programs. (8) According to United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, marginalized populations are particularly at risk of gender-based violence in humanitarian crises, including adolescent girls, older persons, persons with disabilities, sexual and gender minorities, and female heads of households. (9) Gender-based violence is under-reported, both in times of stability and during crises. While data may not be immediately available in each crisis or conflict, evidence shows that gender-based violence is consistently a major and pressing concern for women and girls facing humanitarian emergency contexts and should be assumed to be a protection concern in all humanitarian planning and risk assessment. (10) Men and boys play a critical role in preventing gender-based violence, and engaging them alongside women and girls in the transformation of gender roles that lead to increased rates of gender-based violence at the onset of emergencies leads to lasting results. (11) Survivors of gender-based violence and their families in humanitarian emergencies require immediate, life-saving assistance, including post-rape care or access to other comprehensive medical and psychosocial services, to address the physical, psychological, and social impacts of gender-based violence. They also require long-term support such as opportunities to earn livelihoods, build skills or receive an education, and access to justice and community-level reintegration. Early medical interventions after incidents of rape can help to prevent infections, HIV, and pregnancy. (12) Empowering women to assume leadership roles in delivering humanitarian response and meaningfully engaging local organizations, including women’s rights, humanitarian, advocacy, and service-provider