before the age of 18 each year. (6) Prior to withholding contributions in 2017, the United States was the third-largest overall donor to UNFPA, and its second-largest donor for humanitarian response. (7) UNFPA, which works in three times as many countries as the United States Agency for International Development, extends the impact of United States foreign assistance by reaching people in politically unstable regions. UNFPA also plays a pivotal role in meeting protection and health care needs in countries experiencing humanitarian emergencies like Syria, Yemen, and Iraq. (8) Voluntary family planning is central to gender equality and women’s empowerment, and it is a key factor in reducing poverty. (9) The United States has conflated UNFPA’s presence in China with supporting China’s coercive birth limitation policies. However, in June 2015, the U.S. State Department visited UNFPA’s China Country Program to design and approve it as a member of UNFPA’s Executive Board, noting that [d]uring its recent visit, the U.S. delegation observed the positive impact of UNFPA’s rights-based programming in China. We commend the Fund’s adherence to demonstrating the advantages of a voluntary approach to family planning. The Program in China has not changed since it was approved by the United States in 2015. (10) On July 8, 2019, the Department of State made a determination to eliminate all contributions to UNFPA for the third consecutive year based on its interpretation of the Kemp-Kasten Amendment (first enacted in Public Law 99–88