; Whereas, while several WTO members have joined the United States in agreeing to open hearings to the public and in making public submissions, most WTO Members continue to insist on closed hearings and confidential submissions; Whereas transparent WTO dispute settlement enhances WTO members’ understanding of the dispute settlement system, particularly for those who do not participate often in the system; Whereas open dispute settlement promotes the accountability, professionalism, and impartiality of WTO adjudicators, to the benefit of the dispute settlement system as a whole; Whereas many WTO members have failed to meet basic notification obligations making it difficult and, in some cases, impossible to monitor or determine their compliance with WTO obligations, including subsidies disciplines; Whereas the United States has encouraged, by proposing various incentives and administrative measures, better compliance with notification obligations; Whereas the WTO allows members to self-identify as developing countries in order to receive special and differential treatment; Whereas some self-declared developing countries that are now advanced continue to demand the same special and differential treatment intended for much smaller, less developed members, creating asymmetries that hinder the WTO from achieving meaningful outcomes in current and future negotiations; Whereas for over a decade, most WTO members have refused to engage in serious efforts to address longstanding United States calls for reform of dispute settlement and other important aspects of the WTO system; and Whereas WTO members are engaged in negotiations to reform the WTO and create new rules, including with respect to fisheries subsidies and e-commerce: Now, therefore, be it