for land allotment, which became the following: (A) The Creek Nation Creek Roll , which was purportedly composed only of Creek Nation citizens with Creek blood. (B) The Creek Nation Freedmen Roll , which was purportedly composed only Creek Nation citizens who were formerly enslaved Africans and devoid of any Creek blood. (33) The Dawes Commission, motivated by racism, used race and Creek Nation citizens’ physical appearance to segregate Creeks of African Descent Creek Freedmen . The true Creeks, in the Dawes Commission’s estimation, were listed on the Creek Roll (also known as the Blood Roll ). The Creek Freedmen (individuals of African descent, regardless of whether they or their ancestors were previously enslaved in the Creek Nation) were listed on the Creek Nation Freedmen Roll. (34) The Dawes Commission employed the hypodescent rule, by which any individual with one drop of Black blood was to be considered Black and therefore belonged on the Creek Nation Freedmen Roll. (35) The Dawes Commission therefore enrolled many Creeks of African descent on the Creek Freedmen Roll, regardless of whether they or their ancestors were ever enslaved in the Creek Nation or of how much Creek blood they actually possessed. (36) The Dawes Commission separated families by enrolling full siblings with different blood degrees and enrolling some family members on the Creek Nation Blood Roll and others on the Creek Freedmen Roll. The blood degree or blood quantum was originally to be used only for land allotment purposes. (37) Therefore, once the Dawes Rolls closed on March 4, 1907, Creek citizens enrolled on the Freedmen Roll and their descendants, in perpetuity, would always carry the ugly badge of slavery, regardless of whether they or their ancestors were ever enslaved, and forever legally be known as Creek Freedmen. (38) In 1970, Congress passed the Principal Chiefs Act requiring the Chickasaw, Choctaw, Cherokee, Seminole, and Creek Nations to obtain approval for their voting laws for selection of each nations Principal Chief.