1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Point-of-Care Testing Prize Competitions Act of 2020 . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Prize competitions have been used throughout America’s history, dating back to the designing of the United States Capitol Building in 1792. (2) The America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 granted authority for Federal agencies to carry out prize competitions in order to stimulate innovation to advance each agency’s mission. (3) Prize competitions provide a benefit to the American people by providing a high reward return on taxpayer dollars. (4) Since 2010, Federal agencies have conducted nearly 1,000 prize competitions to help address some of our Nation’s greatest challenges. (5) In order to mitigate the spread of COVID–19, Americans need access to rapid diagnostic testing at the point of care. (6) Point-of-care infectious disease tests provide results in real time, rather than in hours or days. (7) Infectious disease tests are useful in resource-limited situations where there may not be access to a central lab or where infrastructure is limited for transporting samples. Infectious disease tests at the point of care can also lead to prompter treatment, which can prevent infections from spreading. (8) Although other Federal agencies are currently involved in supporting and conducting research into point-of-care testing, research spurred by prize competitions at the National Institutes of Health in consultation with the National Institute of Standards and Technology can have broader benefits for the American public. (9) The National Institute of Standards and Technology, due to its expertise in materials measurement, including for DNA and other biological materials, is well positioned to support the National Institutes of Health in the development of reference materials and best practices for the assessment and validation of COVID–19 test results. 3. Establishment of prize competition (a) In general The Director of the National Institutes of Health, in consultation