; and (B) require air carriers to implement such air carrier practices and procedures described in subsection (a) as the Administrator determines appropriate. (2) Exception Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Administrator may decline to initiate a rulemaking proceeding under paragraph (1) if the Administrator— (A) determines that the practices, procedures, or features described under paragraph (1) would not reduce the transmission of pathogens on board passenger airplanes by a reasonable degree; and (B) not later than 60 days after the submission of the report required under subsection (b), submits to the congressional committees of jurisdiction a thorough justification describing in detail the Administrator’s rationale for declining to initiate a rulemaking proceeding. 6. Center of Excellence for Infectious Disease Response and Prevention in Aviation (a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish a Center of Excellence for Infectious Disease Response and Prevention in Aviation (in this section referred to as the Center of Excellence ). (b) Functions The Center of Excellence established under this section shall— (1) study, and provide educational, technical, and analytical assistance to the Administrator on, the transmissibility of infectious diseases, including airborne diseases, during air travel and such diseases’ effects on the United States aviation system and air commerce; (2) report to the Administrator on architecture, design, layout, technologies, industry practices, procedures, or policies, and other advancements that can be used by airports, air carriers, aircraft manufacturers, and other aviation stakeholders, as the case may be, to reduce the spread of infectious diseases during air travel