; and Whereas the lack of convictions for lying to Congress is not due to the overwhelming truthfulness of testimony given, as it has been revealed and proven that many people have knowingly provided false statements to Congress without facing punishment, including but not limited to— (1) James Clapper, former Director of National Intelligence, who was questioned by Senator Ron Wyden, and was asked whether the NSA collect[ed] any type of data at all on millions, or hundreds of millions of Americans , to which Clapper replied No, sir , and not wittingly , a response he later admitted was clearly erroneous ; (2) James Comey, former FBI Director, who was questioned by Senator Charles Grassley, and asked whether he had ever authorized someone to leak information to the media, to which he responded no , despite reports from the Office of the Inspector General indicating his response was likely untrue; (3) John Brennan, former Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), who was questioned by Representative Trey Gowdy, and asked whether the FBI or CIA had used the so-called Steele dossier as the basis for any legal proceedings of any kind, to which Brennan replied no , and stated further that the dossier was not, in any way, used as the basis for the intelligence community assessment of possible election interference, a statement contradicted by news reports, investigative journalists, and the sworn testimony of many other members of the intelligence community; (4) Andrew McCabe, former Deputy FBI Director, who was revealed by the Office of the Inspector General to have lacked candor when questioned about his unauthorized disclosure of information to the media, including three instances while McCabe was under oath