; or (B) in modes of transportation by the Navy or the Coast Guard. (3) Duration Subject to subsection (a)(3)(B), the Secretary shall carry out the testing and evaluation phase of the Program during the three-year period commencing on the date of the completion of the research and development phase described in subsection (b), except that the testing and evaluation phase of the Program with respect to direct air capture may commence at such time after a front end engineering and design study demonstrates to the Secretary that commencement of such phase is appropriate. (4) Grants authorized The Secretary may carry out the testing and evaluation phase of the Program through the award of grants to private entities and eligible laboratories. (5) Locations The Secretary shall carry out the testing and evaluation phase of the Program at military installations or facilities of the Department of Defense. (6) Report required Not later than September 30, 2026, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the findings of the Secretary with respect to the effectiveness of the technologies tested and evaluated under the Program. (7) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out the testing and evaluation phase of the Program $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2026. (d) Definitions In this section: (1) Blue carbon capture The term blue carbon capture means the removal of dissolved carbon dioxide from seawater through engineered or inorganic processes, including filters, membranes, or phase change systems. (2) Direct air capture (A) In general The term direct air capture , with respect to a facility, technology, or system, means that the facility, technology, or system uses carbon capture equipment to capture carbon dioxide directly from the air. (B) Exclusion The term direct air capture does not include any facility, technology, or system that captures carbon dioxide— (i) that is deliberately released from a naturally occurring subsurface spring