; (2) the work of international public institutions and publicly and privately funded organizations and initiatives such as the World Health Organization, the Global Preparedness Monitoring Board, the GHSA, and others to identify and develop action plans, set standards, develop tools for evaluation, and undertake assessments has been critical to efforts to improve global health security; (3) lack of resources and incentives have proven to be obstacles to lower-income countries, which have not allocated sufficient funding from national budgets to fill their pandemic preparedness gaps identified through Joint External Evaluations; (4) recent estimates suggest that the costs for most lower-income countries to close their gaps in preparedness would be less than $2 per person per year, which is significantly lower than the trillions of dollars in costs to United States taxpayers resulting from the health and economic impact of pandemics; and (5) the World Bank has a critical role in helping lower-income countries finance actions to fill gaps identified through existing assessments and national action plans to prevent, detect, and respond to epidemic and pandemic threats. (b) Establishment of a World Bank trust fund (1) In general The United States Executive Director to the World Bank Group shall use the voice and vote of the United States to advocate for the establishment of a multi-donor trust fund to incentivize and support countries to develop and implement credible national action plans aimed at preventing, detecting, and responding to epidemics and pandemics, including to further incentivize countries with such plans to provide domestic resources towards their implementation (in this section referred to as the Trust Fund ). The United States Executive Director shall ensure that the Trust Fund— (A) is available to low-income countries that have developed a credible national action plan on health security, including those that have prioritized pandemic preparedness funding in their national budgets