1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Protecting American Technologies Act of 2019 . 2. Requirement to obtain deemed export licenses for certain foreign nationals conducting scientific research (a) In general Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall revise the Export Administration Regulations to require an entity described in subsection (b) to obtain a deemed export license before allowing a foreign national described in subsection (c) access to technology controlled under the Export Administration Regulations for export to the country of nationality of the foreign national. (b) Entities described An entity described in this subsection is— (1) an institution of higher education in the United States; or (2) any public or private entity that conducts scientific research at a facility in the United States. (c) Foreign nationals described A foreign national is described in this subsection if the foreign national— (1) is a student at, or employed by, an entity described in subsection (b)