; (2) the sources, both foreign and domestic, of COVID–19-related disinformation and misinformation, and the mechanisms by which that disinformation and misinformation influence the public debate; (3) the role social media plays in the dissemination and promotion of COVID–19-related disinformation and misinformation content and the role social media platforms play in the organization of groups seeking to spread COVID–19-related disinformation and misinformation; (4) the potential financial returns for creators or distributors of COVID–19-related disinformation and misinformation and the role such financial incentives play in the propagation of COVID–19-related disinformation and misinformation; (5) potential strategies to mitigate the dissemination and negative impacts of COVID–19-related disinformation and misinformation (and specifically the dissemination of disinformation and misinformation on social media), including through improved disclosures and addressing information literacy; and (6) an analysis of— (A) the limitations of the mitigation strategies described in paragraph (5); and (B) how the strategies can be implemented without infringing on the constitutional rights and civil liberties of the people of the United States. (b) Report In entering into an arrangement under this section, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall request that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine transmit to Congress a report on the results of the study not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act. (c) Authorization There is authorized to be appropriated, for the purposes of conducting the study under this section, $1,000,000.