1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Protecting Rural Access to Care Act . 2. Clarifying the application of the 15-mile secondary road distance requirement with respect to previously designated critical access hospitals Section 1820(h) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395i–4(h) ) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: (4) Application of 15-mile secondary roads criteria In the case of a facility that was designated as a critical access hospital before July 31, 2015, in applying the criteria for such designation specified in clause (i) of subsection (c)(2)(B), a State (and the Secretary) shall so apply such criteria, insofar as such criteria relates to a facility located in an area with only secondary roads available, using such guidance and regulations as were in effect on July 30, 2015. . 3. Requirement for public notice and comment period for any guidance or regulation relating to designation criteria for critical access hospitals (a) In general With respect to any guidance or regulation issued by the Secretary of Health and Human Services (in this section referred to as the Secretary ) on or after the date of the enactment of this Act relating to the criteria for designation of a facility as a critical access hospital (as specified in section 1820(c)(2)(B) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395i–4(c)(2)(B) )), such guidance or regulation shall not take effect prior to the expiration of a notice and comment period of not less than 60 days under which the public is given the opportunity to comment on such guidance or regulation and the Secretary evaluates any such comments. (b) Retroactive application to guidance relating to application of the 15-Mile secondary road distance requirement In applying the criteria described in subsection (a), a State (and the Secretary) shall so apply such criteria, insofar as such criteria relates to a facility located in an area with only secondary roads available, using such guidance and regulations as were in effect on July 30, 2015,