; Public Law 96–516 ). (d) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the National Science Foundation $3,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2020 through 2022 to develop and carry out the initial survey required under subsection (a) . 7. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the academic and Federal STEM workforce (a) Best practices at institutions of higher education and Federal laboratories (1) Development of guidance Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall develop written guidance for institutions of higher education and Federal laboratories on the best practices for— (A) conducting periodic climate surveys of STEM departments and divisions, with a particular focus on identifying any cultural or institutional barriers to the recruitment, retention, or advancement of women, racial and ethnic minorities, and other groups historically underrepresented in STEM studies and careers