(C) Flowmeters for applicable combustion processes. (D) Direct CO2 emissions measurements. (d) Annual report by Secretary The Secretary shall publish an annual report on emissions from vessels covered under this section, accompanied by an explanation intended to facilitate public understanding of the vessel shipping sector’s CO2 emissions and energy efficiency. (e) Regulations Before promulgation of regulations under this section, reports issued under this section shall be reviewed to ensure that regulatory changes will not create the risk of increased CO2 emissions. 1402. Quiet Seas and Clear Skies Vessel Speed Reduction Award Program (a) Findings The Congress finds the following: (1) 49 marine mammal species are considered depleted under the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, and of those species, 42 are listed as threatened or endangered under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. (2) Climate change is altering marine mammal migration routes and timing. (3) Hundreds of threatened and endangered marine mammals, including North Atlantic right whales and blue whales, die from vessel strikes each year. (4) Underwater noise generated by vessels has increased significantly since 1950, impeding foraging, breeding, communication, and other behaviors of marine animals, including of threatened species and endangered species. (5) Slower ship speeds reduce the lethality of vessel strikes on marine life, moderate underwater noise, and provide climate benefits through reduced fuel consumption and lower particulate emissions. (6) In 2019, the Vessel Speed Reduction Program in the Santa Barbara Channel region and the San Francisco Bay region saved over 17,000 metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions, with 349 vessels from 15 different companies slowing their speeds for over 99,000 nautical miles. (b) In general Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall establish the Quiet Seas and Clear Skies Program (in this section referred to as the Program ) to— (1) reduce air pollution,