; and (3) in subsection (c)(4)— (A) in subparagraph (C) by adding at the end the following: In awarding grants under this section, the Secretary shall also select not less than 1 grant recipient with each of the following focus areas: (i) Improving the ability to anticipate, prepare for, or adapt to conditions or withstand, increase resiliency to, reduce costs related to, respond to, or recover rapidly from disruptions resulting from extreme weather events and natural disasters. (ii) Developing innovative road designs, materials, and restoration strategies to better enhance the durability and structural integrity of roads and subgrade soils that may become inundated during severe weather events. (iii) Enhancing the viability and durability of evacuation routes, including ways to effectively manage contraflow operations to minimize casualties. ; and (B) by adding at the end the following: (D) Considerations for selected institutions (i) In general Tier 1 transportation centers awarded a grant under this paragraph with a focus area described in subparagraph (C) shall consider the following areas for research: (I) Developing new materials and improving the performance and resiliency of existing materials for the construction of roads, bridges, rail, and related transportation infrastructure. (II) Reducing local, State, Federal, and tribal costs associated with natural disasters and severe weather. (III) Innovative technologies and approaches to pre-mitigate against severe weather. (IV) The durability of roadways and subgrade with respect to flammability and hydrostatic forces. (V) Strategies to mitigate the costs associated with vulnerabilities in Federal evacuation routes, with respect to overcrowding and inundation. (ii) Activities A tier 1 transportation center receiving a grant under this section with a focus area described in subparagraph (C) may— (I) establish best practices; (II) develop modeling tools