; (E) to coordinate research efforts funded through existing programs across the directorates of the National Science Foundation; and (F) to ensure adequate access to artificial intelligence and engineering research and education infrastructure, including through development of hardware and facilitation of the use of computing resources, including cloud-based computing services. (c) Graduate traineeships In carrying out the program required under subsection (a), the Director may provide traineeships to graduate students at institutions of higher education who— (1) are United States nationals or aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence in the United States; and (2) who choose to pursue masters or doctoral degrees in artificial intelligence. 302. Multidisciplinary centers for artificial intelligence research and education (a) In general The Director of the National Science Foundation (in this section, referred to as the Director ), in consultation with other Federal agencies as appropriate, shall award grants to eligible entities to establish up to 5 research and education centers (in this section, referred to as Centers ) to conduct research and education activities in support of the Initiative, to be known as Multidisciplinary Centers for Artificial Intelligence Research and Education . (b) Eligible entities In this section, the term eligible entity means— (1) an institution of higher education; (2) a relevant nonprofit or private sector organization; (3) a State or local government