; and (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following: (e) Restrictions on employment for covered employees (1) Definitions In this subsection— (A) the term covered employee has the meaning given the term in section 601 of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.); and (B) the terms lobbying activities and lobbyist have the meanings given those terms in section 3 of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 ( 2 U.S.C. 1602 ). (2) In general In addition to the restrictions set forth in subsections (a), (b), (c), and (d), an individual who is a covered employee shall not— (A) during the 2-year period beginning on the date on which the employment of the individual as a covered employee ceases— (i) knowingly act as agent or attorney for, or otherwise represent, any other person (except the United States) for compensation in any formal or informal appearance before; (ii) with the intent to influence, make any oral or written communication on behalf of any other person (except the United States) to; or (iii) knowingly aid, advise, or assist in— (I) representing any other person (except the United States) in any formal or informal appearance before; or (II) making, with the intent to influence, any oral or written communication on behalf of any other person (except the United States) to, any court of the United States, or any officer or employee thereof, in connection with any judicial or other proceeding that was actually pending under the official responsibility of the individual as a covered employee during the 1-year period ending on the date on which the employment of the individual as a covered employee ceases or in which the individual participated personally and substantially as a covered employee; or (B) during the 2-year period beginning on the date on which the employment of the individual as a covered employee ceases— (i) knowingly act as a lobbyist or agent for, or otherwise represent, any other person (except the United States) for compensation in any formal or informal appearance before