1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Onshoring Rare Earths Act of 2020 or the ORE Act . 2. Permanent full expensing for property used to extract critical minerals and metals within the United States (a) In general Section 168(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following: (11) Special rule for property used in the extraction of critical minerals and metals within the United States (A) In general In the case of any qualified property which is directly involved in extracting critical minerals and metals from deposits in the United States— (i) paragraph (2)(A)(iii) shall not apply, and (ii) the applicable percentage shall be 100 percent. (B) Critical minerals and metals For purposes of this paragraph, the term critical minerals and metals means cerium, cobalt, dysprosium, erbium, europium, gadolinium, graphite, holmium, lanthanum, lithium, lutetium, manganese, neodymium, praseodymium, promethium, samarium, scandium, terbium, thulium, ytterbium, and yttrium. . (b) Effective date The amendment made by this section shall apply to property placed in service after December 31, 2019. 3. Permanent full expensing for nonresidential real property used in the extraction of critical minerals and metals within the United States (a) In general Section 168 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: (n) Special allowance for nonresidential real property used in the extraction of critical minerals and metals within the United States (1) New structures In the case of any qualified real property— (A) (i) if such property is placed in service on or after the date of enactment of this subsection, the depreciation deduction provided by section 167(a) for the taxable year in which such property is placed in service shall include an allowance equal to 100 percent of the adjusted basis of such property, or (ii) if such property was placed in service before the date of enactment of this subsection, the depreciation deduction provided by