Whereas nearly one in four women have experienced some form of intimate partner violence, including sexual violence, physical violence, or stalking, and one in three women have experienced sexual violence during their lifetime, according to the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) for 2015; Whereas the majority of intimate partner homicides follow previous incidents of physical violence against the victim; Whereas an estimated three-quarters of all intimate partner homicide victims had been stalked by their partners prior to the homicide, according to a 1999 study published in Homicide Studies; Whereas approximately 4,500,000 women alive today in the United States have been threatened by an intimate partner with a firearm and almost 1,000,000 women report being shot or shot at by an intimate partner, according to a 2016 study published in Trauma, Violence, and Abuse; Whereas nearly half of all female homicide victims between 2003 and 2014 were killed by intimate partners, according to a 2017 study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association; Whereas a study of family and intimate assaults in Atlanta, Georgia, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1992 found that an incident of family or intimate violence is 12 times more likely to result in a fatality if it involves a firearm; Whereas an abuser’s access to a firearm increases the likelihood that a woman will be killed by 400 percent, according a 2003 study published in the American Journal of Public Health; Whereas the presence of a firearm in the home increases the risk of female homicide by 300 percent and the risk of female suicide by 500 percent, according to a 1997 study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine; Whereas data on homicide trends in the United States from 1990 to 2005 reveal that firearms were used in more than two-thirds of homicides of a current or former spouse