; (B) runs as a cryptographic asset or smart-contract on an existing stand-alone blockchain and is secured through the issuing blockchain minting mechanism; (C) is immutable and can not be overwritten without controlling a majority stake of the associated network; (D) requires a cryptographic link between blocks of transactional data; (E) is permissionless, requiring no third party to transact, only a connection to the internet; (F) is an irreversible bearer commodity, with all transactions being final; (G) is not controllable by any one single entity (defined as having less than half of all nodes controlled by one single entity); and (H) is not directly issued by a nation-state or private entity. (5) Decentralized oracle The term decentralized oracle means a service that sends and verifies real world data from external sources outside of a blockchain and submits such information to smart contracts that rest on the blockchain, thus triggering the execution of predefined functions of the smart contract. (6) Digital asset The term digital asset means a crypto-commodity, crypto-currency, or crypto-security. (7) Insured depository institution The term insured depository institution has the meaning given such term under section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. (8) Primary Federal digital asset regulator The term primary Federal digital asset regulator means— (A) the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, with respect to crypto-commodities; (B) the Secretary of the Treasury, acting through the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, and the Comptroller of the Currency with respect to crypto-currencies; and (C) the Securities and Exchange Commission, with respect to crypto-securities. (9) Reserve-backed stablecoin The term reserve-backed stablecoin means a digital asset that— (A) is a representation of currency issued by the United States or a foreign government; (B) rests on a blockchain or decentralized cryptographic ledger