higher number of infected people and loss of life. (15) The United States and other countries have a compelling humanitarian interest in comprehensively and objectively investigating and reporting on the WHO’s COVID-19 pandemic record, including any failures. The United States has a broad interest in promoting transparency and accountability in United Nations agencies and other international organizations, including regional arms of the WHO such as the Pan American Health Organization. (16) The United States needs to investigate the causes of this failure at the WHO, and promote transparency and accountability, in order to improve the capacity of the WHO to address future pandemics. 4. Review and assessment of effectiveness of multilateral responses to global pandemics (a) In general The Secretary of State, in consultation with the panel of experts established under subsection (b), shall— (1) review the effectiveness, coordination, transparency, and accountability of the World Health Organization (WHO) in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, including an assessment of information that was conveyed to or withheld from the WHO by the Government of the People’s Republic of China