; and (ii) heavy rare earth elements, which are scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu); and (7) it is in the interest of the Federal Government— (A) to guide responsible domestic production of rare earth elements and minerals to ensure industry and consumers in the United States have access to a reliable domestic supply of valuable rare earth elements and minerals; and (B) (i) to identify the areas of highest potential interruption in the global supply chain of rare earth elements and minerals; and (ii) to strengthen the position of the United States in that supply chain by mitigating potential interruptions through the development of advanced coal technologies. 3. Program for extraction and recovery of rare earth elements and minerals from coal and coal byproducts (a) In general The Secretary of Energy, acting through the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy (referred to in this section as the Secretary ), shall carry out a program under which the Secretary shall develop advanced separation technologies for the extraction and recovery of rare earth elements and minerals from coal and coal byproducts. (b) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the program described in subsection (a) $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2025. 4. Assessment and report (a) In general Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense (referred to in this section as the Secretary ), shall carry out, and submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives— (1) an assessment— (A) identifying and ranking the rare earth elements that— (i) are most important to consumers in the United States; (ii) are most jeopardized in the global supply chain