; and (F) private housing for low- and moderate-income households and for which the Secretary requires the owner or purchaser of the project to maintain affordability for no fewer than 20 years in accordance with use restrictions under regulations issued by the Secretary, which restrictions shall be— (i) contained in a legally enforceable document recorded in the appropriate records; and (ii) consistent with the long-term viability of the project as rental or homeownership housing. (2) Applicant The term applicant means an eligible entity under section 303(a) that submits an application for a grant under this title pursuant to section 306. (3) Assisted housing The term assisted housing means rental housing assisted under— (A) section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 1937 ( 42 U.S.C. 1437f , 1437g); (B) section 221(d)(3) or 236 of the National Housing Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1715l , 1715z–1); (C) section 202 of the Housing Act of 1959 ( 12 U.S.C. 1701q ); or (D) section 811 of Cranston-Gonzalez National Affordable Housing Act ( 42 U.S.C. 8013 ). (4) Critical community improvements The term critical community improvements means— (A) development or improvement of community facilities to promote upward mobility, self-sufficiency, or improved quality of life for residents of the neighborhood, such as construction or rehabilitation of parks and community gardens, environmental improvements, or site remediation at affected sites; or (B) activities to promote economic development, such as development or improvement of transit, retail, community financial institutions, public services, facilities, assets, or other community resources. (5) Extreme poverty The term extreme poverty means, with respect to a neighborhood, that the neighborhood— (A) has a high percentage of residents who are— (i) estimated to be in poverty; or (ii) have extremely low incomes based on the most recent data collected by the United States Census Bureau