; or (B) an amount that is twice the amount of the transaction that is the basis of the violation with respect to which the penalty is imposed. 4. Opposition to assistance by the international financial institutions and the Export-Import Bank (a) International financial institutions The Bretton Woods Agreements Act ( 22 U.S.C. 286 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: 73. Opposition to assistance for any government that fails to implement sanctions on North Korea (a) In general The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States Executive Director at the international financial institutions (as defined under section 1701(c) of the International Financial Institutions Act) to use the voice and vote of the United States to oppose the provision of financial assistance to a foreign government, other than assistance to support basic human needs, if the President determines that, in the year preceding consideration of approval of such assistance, the government has knowingly failed to prevent the provision of financial services to, or freeze the funds, financial assets, and economic resources of, a person described under subparagraphs (A) through (E) of section 7(2) of the Otto Warmbier North Korea Nuclear Sanctions Act. (b) Waiver The President may waive subsection (a) for up to 180 days at a time with respect to a foreign government if the President reports to Congress that— (1) the foreign government’s failure described under (a) is due exclusively to a lack of foreign government capacity; (2) the foreign government is taking effective steps to prevent recurrence of such failure