1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Reform Act . 2. Use of underused Strategic Petroleum Reserve facilities (a) In general Section 168 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act ( 42 U.S.C. 6247a ) is amended to read as follows: 168. Use of underused facilities (a) Leasing of facilities (1) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the Secretary may establish a program (referred to in this section as the program ) under which the Secretary may lease underused storage facilities and related facilities of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to— (A) private entities; and (B) foreign governments. (2) Exclusion from Strategic Petroleum Reserve Petroleum products stored in a storage facility or related facility leased under the program shall not be part of the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. (b) Protection of facilities Each lease entered into under the program shall contain provisions requiring the lessee to pay fees to fully compensate the United States for all costs relating to the storage and removal of petroleum products (including the proportionate cost of any replacement facility necessitated as a result of any withdrawal) incurred by the United States as a result of the lease. (c) Access to petroleum products by the United States The Secretary shall ensure that each lease entered into under the program shall not impair the ability of the United States to withdraw, distribute, or sell petroleum products from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve in response to— (1) an energy emergency