; Whereas, in sub-Saharan Africa, young women account for 75 percent of new annual HIV infections among adolescents; Whereas AIDS is a leading cause of death among adolescents globally; Whereas research efforts at the National Institutes of Health have led to extraordinary breakthroughs for children infected with and at risk for HIV; Whereas in 2002 the United States began investing in PMTCT services by establishing the United States International Mother and Child HIV Prevention Initiative; Whereas, since 2002, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria has supported programs that provided 4,200,000 HIV-positive mothers with antiretroviral drug prophylaxis for PMTCT; Whereas in fiscal year 2016, the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (referred to in this preamble as PEPFAR ) supported HIV testing and counseling for more than 11,500,000 pregnant women, and provided antiretroviral drug prophylaxis for PMTCT, allowing nearly 2,000,000 babies to be born free of HIV; Whereas in 2014 PEPFAR announced the Accelerating Children’s Treatment Initiative, a 2-year effort that would double the number of HIV-positive children receiving treatment in 10 high-burden countries; Whereas the PEPFAR DREAMS initiative is working to reduce new HIV infections in girls and young women in 10 sub-Saharan countries; Whereas every mother should have the opportunity to fight for the life of her child; and Whereas every child and adolescent should have access to medicine to lead a long and healthy life: Now, therefore, be it