; or (B) were committed in the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States or in a Federal prison; and (2) the term crime motivated by actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin means a crime committed because of actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin. (b) Purpose Pursuant to the affirmative power of Congress to enact this section under section 2 of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, as well as under section 8 of Article I of the Constitution, the purpose of this section is to protect the civil rights of victims of crimes motivated by actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin and to promote public safety, health, and activities affecting interstate commerce by establishing a Federal civil rights cause of action for victims of crime motivated by actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin. (c) Right To be free from certain crimes All persons within the United States shall have the right to be free from crimes motivated by actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin. (d) Cause of action A person (including a person who acts under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any State) who commits a crime motivated by actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin, and thus deprives another of the right declared in subsection (c), shall be liable to the party injured, in an action for the recovery of compensatory and punitive damages, injunctive and declaratory relief, and such other relief as a court may deem appropriate. (e) Damages In any civil action brought under this section in which the plaintiff prevails, the court— (1) shall award treble compensatory damages and a reasonable attorney's fee