; or (B) in any other manner for the purpose of demonstrating the suitability for commercial application of the advanced nuclear reactor. (b) Purpose The purpose of this section is to direct the Secretary, as soon as practicable after the date of enactment of this section, to advance the research and development of domestic advanced, affordable, and clean nuclear energy by— (1) demonstrating different advanced nuclear reactor technologies that could be used by the private sector to produce— (A) emission-free power at a cost of $65–$70 per mWh or less; (B) heat for industrial purposes or synthetic fuel production; (C) remote or off-grid energy supply; or (D) backup or mission-critical power supplies; (2) developing goals for nuclear energy research programs that would accomplish the goals of the demonstration projects carried out under subsection (c); (3) identifying research areas that the private sector is unable or unwilling to undertake due to the cost of, or risks associated with, the research; and (4) facilitating the access of the private sector— (A) to Federal research facilities; and (B) to the results of research funded by the Federal Government. (c) Demonstration projects (1) In general During the period beginning on the date of enactment of this section and ending on September 30, 2028, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, enter into one or more agreements to carry out not fewer than 4 advanced nuclear reactor demonstration projects. (2) Requirements In carrying out demonstration projects under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— (A) seek to include diversity in designs for the advanced nuclear reactors demonstrated under this section, including designs using various primary coolants; (B) seek to ensure that— (i) the long-term cost of electricity or heat for each design to be demonstrated under this subsection is cost-competitive in the applicable market