1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Defending Israel's QME Act of 2017 . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Israel is the strongest and most reliable strategic ally of the United States in the Middle East. (2) Certain countries and non-state actors in the Middle East region have been at war, both declared and undeclared, with Israel since 1948. (3) Since the time of the Reagan Administration, the United States has worked to preserve Israel’s qualitative military edge when considering the sale or export of defense articles or defense services to Israel or to others in the Middle East region. (4) Ensuring a substantial qualitative military edge is critical to preserving Israel’s safety and security. (5) The United States Government has proposed to sell or export significant defense articles and defense services to countries in the Middle East region. 3. Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that the President should ensure that any sale or export of defense articles or defense services to countries in the Middle East region does not in any way adversely affect Israel’s qualitative military edge. 4. Additional assessment and consultation regarding Israel’s qualitative military edge Section 36(h) of the Arms Export Control Act ( 22 U.S.C. 2776(h) ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (2)— (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking and at the end; (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and (C) by adding at the end the following: (E) an assessment of— (i) the ability of Israel to effectively defend itself against military threats from regional non-state actors; (ii) the risk that is posed by the sale or export of a subsequent unauthorized transfer or proliferation of the equipment for use against Israel; and (iii) the effective countermeasures available to Israel to defend against such unauthorized transfer or proliferation. ; (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4)