; (2) innovations to improve the efficiency of, and decrease emissions at, existing power plants; and (3) advanced separation technologies. (b) Prioritization The Secretary shall maintain robust investments in carbon capture technologies for coal applications. (c) Large-Scale pilots In supporting technology development activities under this section, the Secretary is encouraged to support pilot projects that test carbon capture technologies on powers systems below the 100 megawatt scale, consistent with section 988(b). (d) Cost and performance goals In carrying out the development, demonstration, and commercial application activities under subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider cost and performance goals to assist in the transfer of carbon capture research to commercially viable technologies. (e) Carbon Capture Pilot Test Centers (1) In general Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Fossil Energy Research and Development Act of 2018 , the Secretary shall award grants to one or more eligible entities for the operation of not less than three Carbon Capture Test Centers (in this subsection, known as the Centers ) to provide unique testing capabilities for innovative carbon capture technologies for power systems. (2) Purpose The Centers shall— (A) advance research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of carbon capture technologies for power systems