crimes. (12) The problem of crimes motivated by bias is sufficiently serious, widespread, and interstate in nature as to warrant Federal financial assistance to States and local jurisdictions. 3. Reporting of hate crimes (a) Definitions In this section— (1) the term hate crime means a criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, color, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability