1. Short title; table of contents (a) Short title This Act may be cited as the Helping Seniors Afford Medicare Act of 2018 . (b) Table of contents The table of contents of this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Protecting against high out-of-pocket expenditures for Medicare fee-for-service benefits. Sec. 3. Reducing cost-sharing, aligning income and resource eligibility tests, and simplifying enrollment for low-income beneficiaries. Sec. 4. Reducing Medicare cost-sharing for low-income beneficiaries. Sec. 5. Improving Medicare beneficiary enrollment procedures and effective dates of coverage. 2. Protecting against high out-of-pocket expenditures for Medicare fee-for-service benefits Title XVIII of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new section: 1899C. Protection against high out-of-pocket expenditures (a) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, in the case of an individual entitled to, or enrolled for, benefits under part A or enrolled in part B, if the amount of the out-of-pocket cost-sharing of such individual for a year (beginning with 2019) equals or exceeds the annual out-of-pocket limit under subsection (b) for that year— (1) the amount otherwise payable under part A and the total amount of expenses incurred by the individual which would (except for this section) constitute incurred expenses for which benefits are payable under part B, shall be 100 percent of such amount for the remainder of that year; and (2) the individual shall not be responsible for out-of-pocket cost-sharing incurred during the remainder of that year. (b) Annual out-of-Pocket limit (1) In general The amount of the annual out-of-pocket limit under this subsection shall be— (A) for 2019, $5,500