pesticides, lead, mercury, radon, air pollution, and carcinogens), and more psychological stress. These experiences culminate in worse adult health as compared with children with higher socioeconomic status. Specifically, children living in socioeconomic neighborhoods have higher rates of asthma due to higher rates of psychological stress resulting from higher rates of violence. (xi) Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, questioning and intersex (LGBTQIA) individuals face health disparities linked to societal stigma, discrimination, and denial of their civil and human rights. Discrimination against LGBTQIA individuals has been associated with high rates of psychiatric disorders, substance abuse, and suicide. Experiences of violence and victimization are frequent for LGBTQIA individuals, and have long-lasting effects on the individual and the community. Personal, family, and social acceptance of sexual orientation and gender identity affects the mental health and personal safety of LGBTQIA individuals. (xii) Individuals in older and cheaper housing are at higher risks to be exposed to lead, particularly in housing built prior to 1960. The threat of lead poisoning disproportionally affects vulnerable populations, with children living in poverty (5.6 percent) and Black children (5.6) experiencing the highest rates. According to the Department of Housing and Urban Development, about 3,600,000 homes nationwide that house young children have lead hazards such as peeling paint, contaminated dust, or toxic soil. The combined cost of medical treatment and special education for lead poisoned children averages about $5,600 per child per year, and lead poisoning costs the United States an estimated $50,000,000,000 annually. (4) Laws and regulations that improve opportunities to live in safe neighborhoods, with more social cohesion, attain higher education, sustain stable employment, and bridge class differences help foster the health and safety of individuals. (5) The global public health community has