; or (ii) owned by any Indian or Indian tribe, as defined in that section. (15) The term mineral activities means any activity on a mining claim, millsite claim, or tunnel site claim, or a lease, license, or permit issued under this Act, for, related to, or incidental to, mineral exploration, mining, beneficiation, processing, or reclamation activities for any hardrock mineral. (16) The term National Conservation System unit means any unit of the National Park System, National Wildlife Refuge System, National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, or National Trails System, or a National Conservation Area, a National Recreation Area, a National Monument, or any unit of the National Wilderness Preservation System. (17) The term operator means any person proposing or authorized by a permit issued under this Act to conduct mineral activities and any agent of such person. (18) The term person means an individual, Indian tribe, partnership, association, society, joint venture, joint stock company, firm, company, corporation, cooperative, or other organization and any instrumentality of State or local government including any publicly owned utility or publicly owned corporation of State or local government. (19) The term processing means processes downstream of beneficiation employed to prepare locatable mineral ore into the final marketable product, including but not limited to smelting and electrolytic refining. (20) The term Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior, unless otherwise specified. (21) The term Secretary concerned means— (A) the Secretary of Agriculture (acting through the Chief of the Forest Service) with respect to National Forest System land; and (B) the Secretary of the Interior (acting through the Director of the Bureau of Land Management) with respect to other Federal land. (22) (A) The term small miner means a person (including all related parties thereto) that— (i) holds not more than 10 mining claims, mill sites, or tunnel sites, or any combination thereof, on public lands