as a refund due from the credit allowed under this section. . (b) Child tax credit Section 24 of such Code is amended by adding at the end the following: (h) Payments to virgin islands and Puerto Rico for lost revenue The Secretary shall make annual payments to the Virgin Islands and to Puerto Rico in amounts equal to the aggregate loss to the Virgin Islands or Puerto Rico, as the case may be, by reason of the application of this section with respect to taxable years beginning after 2016. Such amounts shall be determined by the Secretary based on information provided by the governments of the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. For purposes of section 1324(b)(2) of title 31, United States Code, the payments under this subsection shall be treated in the same manner as a refund due from the credit allowed under this section. . (c) Effective date The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2016. (d) Definition and special rules (1) Mirror code tax system For purposes of this subsection, the term mirror code tax system means, with respect to any possession of the United States, the income tax system of such possession if the income tax liability of the residents of such possession under such system is determined by reference to the income tax laws of the United States as if such possession were the United States. (2) Treatment of payments For purposes of section 1324 of title 31, United States Code, the payments under this subsection shall be treated in the same manner as a refund due from a credit provision referred to in subsection (b)(2) of such section. (3) Coordination with United States income taxes In the case of any person with respect to whom a tax benefit is taken into account with respect to the taxes imposed by any possession of the United States by reason of this Act, the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be applied with respect to such person without regard to the provisions of this Act which provide such benefit. 402. Application to Puerto