1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Handgun Licensing and Registration Act of 2018 . 2. Federal handgun licensing and registration system to apply in any State that does not have a handgun licensing and registration system that meets certain requirements (a) In general Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: 932. Licensing and registration of handguns (a) (1) The Attorney General of the United States shall establish a Federal system for the licensing and registration of all handguns owned, possessed, or controlled in the United States— (A) under which— (i) a person shall not be eligible to receive such a license if the person— (I) has not attained 21 years of age; (II) is not a citizen, national, or lawful permanent resident of the United States; (III) has not completed training in firearms safety; (IV) as part of the process for applying for such a license— (aa) has not submitted to a background investigation and criminal history check of the person; or (bb) has not submitted the fingerprints of the person and a recent photograph that clearly shows the face of the person; or (V) is prohibited by Federal law from possessing a firearm; and (ii) such a license shall expire not more than 5 years after issuance; and (B) which shall include a method for easily retrieving information sufficient to identify— (i) each resident of a State to which this subsection applies who owns, possesses, or controls a handgun; and (ii) the handgun. (2) It shall be unlawful for a person to own, possess, or control a handgun in a State to which this subsection applies unless the person— (A) is licensed to do so by the system established pursuant to paragraph (1)