of the War Powers Resolution ( 50 U.S.C. 1541(c) ) states that [t]he constitutional powers of the President as Commander-in-Chief to introduce United States Armed Forces into hostilities, or into situations where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicated by the circumstances, are exercised only pursuant to (1) a declaration of war, (2) specific statutory authorization, or (3) a national emergency created by attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its armed forces . 3. Limitation on use of funds for kinetic military operations in or against Iran (a) In general No funds may be used for kinetic military operations in or against Iran except pursuant to an Act or joint resolution of Congress specifically authorizing such use that is enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act. (b) Exceptions The limitation in subsection (a) shall not apply to the following: (1) Kinetic military operations in response to an imminent threat to the United States, as otherwise authorized by applicable statutes and joint resolutions. (2) The introduction of the United States Armed Forces into hostilities in order to repel a sudden attack on the United States, its territories or possessions, or its Armed Forces. (3) The deployment of United States Armed Forces to rescue or remove United States citizens or personnel. (c) Rule of construction Nothing in this section may be construed to relieve the Executive Branch of restrictions on the use of force or reporting requirements set forth in the War Powers Resolution ( 50 U.S.C. 1541 et seq.).