; or (2) the last day of the Congress during which that calendar year occurs. 3. Holding salaries of Members of Congress in escrow upon failure to pass regular appropriation bills (a) Holding Salaries in Escrow If by July 31 of any calendar year (beginning with 2017), a House of Congress has not passed each of the regular appropriation bills for the fiscal year which begins on October 1 of that calendar year, during the period described in subsection (b) the payroll administrator of that House of Congress shall deposit in an escrow account all payments otherwise required to be made during such period for the compensation of Members of Congress who serve in that House of Congress, and shall release such payments to such Members only upon the expiration of such period. (b) Period Described With respect to a House of Congress and a calendar year, the period described in this paragraph is the period which begins on August 1 of the calendar year and ends on the earlier of— (1) the first day by which the House of Congress has passed each of the regular appropriation bills for the fiscal year which begins on October 1 of that calendar year