; and (B) that considers— (i) the net savings to taxpayers from suspension of production; (ii) whether public demand for one-cent coins was able to be continuously met during the period of suspension; (iii) whether public demand for one-cent coins would likely continue to be met in the future without new production; (iv) whether the one-cent denomination of coin should be permanently ended as was the case with the one-half cent coin; and (v) any other factors that are relevant. (e) No effect on legal tender Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, one-cent coins are legal tender in the United States for all debts, public and private, public charges, taxes, and duties, regardless of the date of minting or issue. 3. Saving taxpayers money by changing the composition of the nickel (a) New composition required Section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: (w) Composition of circulating coins (1) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Director of the United States Mint shall modify the composition of the five-cent coin in accordance with a study and analysis conducted by the United States Mint to a variant of cupronickel composition equal to 80 percent copper and 20 percent nickel. (2) Effect This subsection shall remain in effect as long as the Director of the United States Mint verifies that the modification described in paragraph (1) will— (A) reduce costs to the taxpayer; (B) is found to be seamless through test by most coin-acceptors; and (C) will have no impact on the public or on stakeholders. (3) Increase in copper content The Director of the United States Mint may increase the percentage of copper and decrease the percentage of nickel in the five-cent coin if— (A) the Director of the United States Mint submits to Congress a study on such a modification; (B) the Director of the United States Mint makes the findings described in paragraph (2)