1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Developing an Innovative Strategy for Antimicrobial Resistant Microorganisms Act of 2018 and as the DISARM Act of 2018 . 2. Encouraging the development and use of DISARM antimicrobial drugs (a) Additional payment for DISARM antimicrobial drugs under Medicare (1) In general Section 1886(d)(5) of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395ww(d)(5) ) is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: (M) (i) Effective for discharges beginning on or after October 1, 2021, the Secretary shall, after notice and opportunity for public comment (in the publications required by subsection (e)(5) for a fiscal year or otherwise), provide for an additional payment under a mechanism (separate from the mechanism established under subparagraph (K)), with respect to such discharges involving any DISARM antimicrobial drug, in an amount equal to— (I) the amount payable under section 1847A for such drug during the calendar quarter in which the discharge occurred; or (II) if no amount for such drug is determined under section 1847A, an amount to be determined by the Secretary in a manner similar to the manner in which payment amounts are determined under section 1847A based on information submitted by the manufacturer or sponsor of such drug (as required under clause (v)). (ii) For purposes of this subparagraph, a DISARM antimicrobial drug is— (I) a drug— (aa) that— (AA) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration; (BB) is designated by the Food and Drug Administration as a qualified infectious disease product under subsection (d) of section 505E of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act; and (CC) has received an extension of its exclusivity period pursuant to subsection (a) of such section; and (bb) that has been designated by the Secretary pursuant to the process established under clause (iv)(I)(bb)