; or (B) the aircraft has alternatively received type, design, and production approval issued by the Federal Aviation Administration. (k) Exclusions The Administrator shall exempt from the requirements of this section small unmanned aircraft systems that are not capable of navigating beyond the visual line of sight of the operator through advanced flight systems and technology, if the Administrator determines that such an exemption does not pose a risk to the safety of the national airspace system. . (b) Table of contents The table of contents for chapter 448, as amended by section 2122 of this Act, is further amended by inserting after the item relating to section 44802 the following: 44803. Small unmanned aircraft safety standards. . 2124. Small unmanned aircraft in the Arctic (a) In general Chapter 448, as amended by section 2123 of this Act, is further amended by inserting after section 44803 the following: 44804. Small unmanned aircraft in the Arctic (a) In general The Secretary of Transportation shall develop a plan and initiate a process to work with relevant Federal agencies and national and international communities to designate permanent areas in the Arctic where small unmanned aircraft may operate 24 hours per day for research and commercial purposes. (b) Plan contents The plan under subsection (a) shall include the development of processes to facilitate the safe operation of small unmanned aircraft beyond the visual line of sight. (c) Requirements Each permanent area designated under subsection (a) shall enable over-water flights from the surface to at least 2,000 feet in altitude, with ingress and egress routes from selected coastal launch sites. (d) Agreements To implement the plan under subsection (a), the Secretary may enter into an agreement with relevant national and international communities. (e) Aircraft approval (1) In general Subject to paragraph (2), not later than 1 year after the entry into force of an agreement necessary to effectuate the purposes of this section, the Secretary shall