1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Research to Accelerate Cures and Equity for Children Act or the RACE for Children Act . 2. Drug development for pediatric cancer (a) Molecular targets regarding cancer drugs Section 505B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ( 21 U.S.C. 355c ) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)(2)(A)(i) by striking product for the claimed indications in all relevant pediatric subpopulations; and and inserting “product in all relevant pediatric subpopulations— (I) for the claimed indications; or ; (II) for a pediatric cancer indication, if the drug is intended for the treatment of an adult cancer and is directed at a molecular target considered to be germane to the growth and progression of such pediatric cancer; and ; (2) in subsection (b)(1)— (A) by amending subparagraph (A)(i) to read as follows: (A) (i) the drug or biological product is used for a substantial number of pediatric patients— (I) for the labeled indications; or (II) for a pediatric cancer indication, if the drug is intended for the treatment of an adult cancer and is directed at a molecular target considered to be germane to the growth and progression of such pediatric cancer; and ; and (B) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows: (B) there is reason to believe that the drug or biological product would represent a meaningful therapeutic benefit over existing therapies for pediatric patients— (i) for one or more of the claimed indications; or (ii) for a pediatric cancer indication, if the drug is intended for the treatment of an adult cancer and is directed at a molecular target considered to be germane to the growth and progression of such pediatric cancer; or