Whereas athletic participation helps develop self-discipline, initiative, confidence, and leadership skills, and opportunities for athletic participation should be available to all individuals; Whereas, because the people of the United States remain committed to protecting equality, it is imperative to eliminate the existing disparities between male and female youth athletic programs; Whereas the share of athletic participation opportunities of high school girls has increased more than sixfold since the passage of title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 ( 20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.) (referred to in this preamble as title IX ), but high school girls still experience— (1) a lower share of athletic participation opportunities than high school boys; and (2) a lower level of athletic participation opportunities than high school boys enjoyed almost 50 years ago; Whereas female participation in college sports has nearly tripled since the passage of title IX, but female college athletes still only comprise 44 percent of the total collegiate athlete population; Whereas, in 1972, women coached more than 90 percent of collegiate women’s teams, but now women coach less than 50 percent of all collegiate women teams, and there is a need to restore women to those positions to ensure fair representation and provide role models for young female athletes; Whereas the long history of women in sports in the United States— (1) features many contributions made by female athletes that have enriched the national life of the United States; and (2) includes inspiring figures, such as Gertrude Ederle, Wilma Rudolph, Althea Gibson, Mildred Ella Babe Didrikson Zaharias, and Patty Berg, who overcame difficult obstacles in their own lives to— (A) advance participation by women in sports; and (B) set positive examples for the generations of female athletes who continue to inspire people in the United States today