; and (2) may, in its discretion, award equitable relief. (f) Limitations (1) Period of limitations An action under this section may not be commenced later than 3 years after the date of the act complained of. (2) Rule of construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize a cause of action under subsection (d) for— (A) a random act unrelated to actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin; or (B) an act that cannot be demonstrated, by a preponderance of the evidence, to be a crime motivated by actual or perceived race, color, religion, or national origin. (g) Concurrent jurisdiction The district courts of the United States shall have original jurisdiction, concurrent with State courts, of an action under this section. (h) No prior criminal action Nothing in this section shall be construed to require a prior criminal complaint, prosecution, or conviction to establish the elements of a cause of action under subsection (d). 6. Private right of action for crimes motivated by actual or perceived religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, or disability (a) Definitions In this section— (1) the term crime means an act or series of acts that would constitute a criminal offense under Federal or State law, whether or not the act or acts have actually resulted in criminal charges, prosecution, or conviction