; or (ii) comply with any other provision of this chapter; shall upon proof of such knowing violation by a preponderance of the evidence, be subject to a civil fine of not more than $200,000, depending on the extent and gravity of the violation. (D) No fines paid by foreign principals Whenever a fine is paid under paragraph (1), such fine may not be paid, directly or indirectly, by a foreign principal (as defined in section 1 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 ( 22 U.S.C. 611 )). (E) Use of fines All fines collected under this subsection shall be used to defray the cost of the Foreign Operatives and Agents Enforcement Unit established under section 509A(c) of title 28. . 5. Removing the Lobbying Disclosure Act exemption (a) In general Section 3 of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 ( 22 U.S.C. 613 ) is amended by striking subsection (h). (b) Lobbying Disclosure Act (1) In general Section 4(a)(3) of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995 ( 2 U.S.C. 1603(a)(3) ) is amended by adding at the end the following: (C) Foreign agents Any person required to register as an agent of a foreign principal in accordance with the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 ( 22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.) is not required to register under this subsection. . (2) Effective date The amendments made by paragraph (1) shall take effect 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act. 6. Enhancing public access to database of foreign agents Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall promulgate regulations that modernize the input and output data for disclosures under the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938 ( 22 U.S.C. 611 et seq.), including regulations that provide that— (1) not later than 2 years after the effective date of the regulations, require all users to file the disclosures through an online database, except under limited circumstances established by the Attorney General