; (2) to clarify that congressionally established rights and remedies may not be waived prior to the institution of a dispute by the party intended to be protected by such statute; and (3) to reinstate and reaffirm existing rights and remedies of the people of the United States enacted since the enactment of the Federal Arbitration Act regarding access to the courts that have, or may have been, abrogated or diminished. 3. Arbitration of Federal statutory causes of action (a) Adjudication of Federal statutory rights of action Section 2 of title 9, United States Code, is amended— (1) by striking A written and inserting (a) In general .—Except as provided in subsection (b), a written