; and (3) there are currently an insufficient number of missile defense systems and interceptors to address the full scope of Israel’s self-defense requirements in light of the rocket and missile threat to Israel. 4. Authorization of assistance for procurement of missile defense systems for Israel (a) In general The President, acting through the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of State, is authorized to provide assistance, upon request of the Government of Israel and for jointly agreed upon exceptional circumstances, to the Government of Israel for the procurement of missile defense systems, including the Iron Dome, David Sling, and Arrow systems, additional interceptors for those systems or any future missile defense systems, and missile defense development. (b) Rule of construction Any assistance provided under the authority of subsection (a) is in addition to any assistance provided under the authority specified in the 2016 Memorandum of Understanding Between the United States and Israel. (c) Limitation The authority specified in subsection (a) shall be exclusively for the purpose of enhancing Israeli missile defense, consistent with the 2016 Memorandum of Understanding Between the United States and Israel, to address mutually agreed-upon exceptional circumstances. (d) Report Not later than 10 days after the date on which the United States Government receives a request from the Government of Israel as described in subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense, with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, shall submit to Congress a report that contains the following: (1) A written copy of the request from the Government of Israel. (2) An assessment of the request from the Government of Israel. (3) The urgent nature of the rocket and missile threat to Israel and a description of potential attacks against Israel which would justify exceeding the annual amount of United States assistance to support Israel’s missile defense programs under the 2016 Memorandum of Understanding Between the United States and