; and (B) shall be interpreted by the Bureau in such a manner as to conform with the regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Education under section 437(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1087(a) ) to the fullest extent practicable, including safeguards to prevent fraud and abuse. . (b) Definitions Section 140(a) of the Truth in Lending Act ( 15 U.S.C. 1650(a) ) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (8) as paragraphs (2) through (9), respectively; and (2) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, the following: (1) the term co-signer — (A) means any individual who is liable for the obligation of another without compensation, regardless of how designated in the contract or instrument with respect to that obligation; (B) includes any person the signature of which is requested as condition to grant credit or to forbear on collection; and (C) does not include a spouse of an individual described in subparagraph (A), the signature of whom is needed to perfect the security interest in a loan