Whereas United States support for a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is based on the recognition that this solution can both best serve Israel’s security and permanence as a Jewish and democratic homeland while helping the Palestinian people achieve a future of independence and national self-determination; Whereas a true and lasting two-state solution is essential to the resolution of Israeli-Arab disputes and to the achievement of long-term peace and stability in the broader Middle East; Whereas a true and lasting two-state solution is in the national security interests of the United States and to ensure the safety and security of Israel; Whereas a true and lasting two-state solution will only be established through resolution of outstanding issues between Israel and the recognized leadership of the Palestinian people; Whereas successive United States Presidents and successive United States Congresses have recognized that promoting Israeli-Palestinian and Israeli-Arab peace is an integral element of the United States bipartisan commitment to Israel’s security and its survival, as well as to the stability of the entire Middle East region; Whereas successive United States administrations, led by Presidents from both parties, have invested substantial diplomatic resources in support of peace efforts, including under— (1) President Ronald Reagan, the 1982 Reagan Plan for Middle East Peace; (2) President George H.W. Bush, the 1991 Madrid Peace Conference; (3) President Bill Clinton, the 1993 Oslo Accords, the 1995 Wye River Memorandum, the 2000 Camp David Summit, and the 2000 Clinton Parameters; (4) President George W. Bush, the 2001 Sharm El-Sheikh Fact-Finding Committee Report , also known as the Mitchell Report, the 2003 Roadmap for Peace in the Middle East , the 2005 Agreement on Movement and Access, and the 2007 Annapolis Conference