less than 15 percent of all Federal funds available for a fiscal year for undergraduate research opportunities at 2-year and 4-year degree-granting institutions of higher education shall be used to fund research opportunities for postsecondary students, with an emphasis on undergraduate research opportunities occurring during the first 2 academic years of postsecondary education. (b) Sense of Congress It is the sense of the Congress that each Federal agency should restructure the agency's undergraduate student research opportunities for students attending 2-year or 4-year degree-granting institutions of higher education, in order to provide more research opportunities for postsecondary students during the students’ first 2 academic years of postsecondary education. (c) Identification of research programs Not later than December 31, 2017, the head of each Federal agency shall submit to the President— (1) a list of all programs and funds available for undergraduate student research under the jurisdiction of the agency