; and (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following: (b) Improving care for pediatric cancer survivors (1) Research on causes of health disparities in pediatric cancer survivorship (A) Research awards The Director of NIH, in coordination with ongoing research activities, may conduct or support pediatric cancer survivorship research including in any of the following areas: (i) Needs and outcomes of pediatric cancer survivors within minority or other medically underserved populations. (ii) Health disparities in pediatric cancer survivorship outcomes within minority or other medically underserved populations. (iii) Barriers that pediatric cancer survivors within minority or other medically underserved populations face in receiving follow-up care. (iv) Familial, socioeconomic, and other environmental factors and the impact of such factors on treatment outcomes and survivorship. (B) Balanced approach In conducting or supporting research under subparagraph (A)(i) on pediatric cancer survivors within minority or other medically underserved populations, the Director of NIH shall ensure that such research addresses both the physical and the psychological needs of such survivors, as appropriate. (2) Research on late effects and follow-up care for pediatric cancer survivors The Director of NIH, in coordination with ongoing research activities, may conduct or support research on follow-up care for pediatric cancer survivors, including in any of the following areas: (A) The development of indicators used for long-term patient tracking and analysis of the late effects of cancer treatment for pediatric cancer survivors. (B) The identification of risk factors associated with the late effects of cancer treatment. (C) The identification of predictors of adverse neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes. (D) The identification of the molecular underpinnings of long-term complications. (E) The development of risk prediction models to identify those at highest risk of long-term complications. (F) Initiatives to protect