; (III) significant economic disruption; (IV) an effect, whether individually or in aggregate, comparable to that of an armed attack or one that imperils a vital national security interest of the United States; or (V) significant disruption of the normal functioning of United States democratic society or government, including attacks against or incidents involving critical infrastructure that could damage systems used to provide key services to the public or government. (2) Private sector cooperation (A) In general The Secretary shall make arrangements, directly or through other government organizations, with private sector media representatives and organizations, including social media companies, on a voluntary basis, using the results of the surveillance under paragraph (1) to assist in the identification of such malicious individuals and organizations and associated false or counterfeit accounts created on social media platforms. (B) Security clearances In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Secretary may grant such security clearances to individuals of media organizations as the Secretary considers necessary and appropriate to share evidence that supports the Secretary’s conclusions regarding the individuals and organizations engaged in the activities described in paragraph (1). (c) Annual report Not less frequently than once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense committees and the congressional intelligence committees (as defined in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 ( 50 U.S.C. 3003 )) a report on— (1) the scope and intensity of the Russian Federation's information operations and attacks through cyberspace against the government or people of the United States observed by the cyber mission forces of the United States Cyber Command and the National Security Agency; (2) adjustments of the Department of Defense in the response directed or recommended by the Secretary with respect to such operations and attacks