; (iii) employer involvement in, benefit from, and satisfaction with, career and technical education programs and programs of study and career and technical education students’ preparation for employment; (iv) efforts to expand access to career and technical education programs of study for all students; (v) innovative approaches to work-based learning programs that increase participation and alignment with employment in high-growth industries, including in rural and low-income areas; (vi) the effectiveness of different delivery systems and approaches for career and technical education, including comprehensive high schools, technical high schools, area technical centers, career academies, community and technical colleges, early college high schools, pre-apprenticeship programs, voluntary after-school programs, and individual course offerings, including dual or concurrent enrollment program courses, as well as communication strategies for promoting career and technical education opportunities involving teachers, school counselors, and parents or other guardians; (vii) the extent to which career and technical education programs supported by this Act are grounded on evidence-based research; (viii) the impact of the amendments to this Act made under the Strengthening Career and Technical Education for the 21st Century Act , including comparisons, where appropriate, of— (I) the use of the comprehensive needs assessment under section 134(c); (II) the implementation of programs of study; and (III) coordination of planning and program delivery with other relevant laws, including the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act ( 29 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.) and the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965; (ix) changes in career and technical education program accountability as described in section 113 and any effects of such changes on program delivery and program quality; (x) changes in student enrollment patterns; and (xi) efforts to reduce disparities or performance gaps described in section 113(b)(3)(C)(ii)(II).