1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Rare Earth Element Advanced Coal Technologies Act . 2. Findings Congress finds that— (1) the United States is largely dependent on foreign imports for the domestic supply of rare earth elements and minerals in the United States; (2) as of the date of enactment of this Act, the United States does not have domestic production capability for, or a guaranteed supply chain of, rare earth elements and minerals, particularly in times of national crisis; (3) access to certain rare earth elements and minerals is critical for the national security of the United States; (4) China maintains a near monopoly of the global supply chain of rare earth elements and minerals; (5) the successful development of commercially viable refining methods of rare earth elements and minerals from coal byproducts could lead to new economic development opportunities in parts of the United States most affected by the downturn of the coal industry; (6) rare earth elements— (A) comprise 17 elements on the periodic table, including— (i) the lanthanides, which are lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu); and (ii) transition elements, which are scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y); and (B) can be divided into— (i) light rare earth elements, which are lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), and samarium (Sm); and (ii) heavy rare earth elements, which are scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu)