of each of the following: (1) Energy supplies that could be provided by the United States or other allies to European countries. (2) Steps to reduce European reliance on Russian energy sources. (3) Methods to accelerate emerging energy sources or related technologies. (4) Potential industrial partnerships, international financing arrangements, and trade agreements to bolster European energy security. (5) Legal and political considerations that could unnecessarily hinder the United States or allied countries from supporting European energy needs.