; reporting and database Section 1240H of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3839aa–8 ) is amended by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: (c) On-Farm conservation innovation trials (1) In general Using not more than $25,000,000 of the funds made available to carry out this chapter in each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, the Secretary shall carry out on-farm conservation innovation trials, on eligible land of producers, to test new or innovative conservation approaches— (A) directly with producers; or (B) through eligible entities. (2) Incentive payments (A) Agreements In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall enter into agreements with producers on whose land an on-farm conservation innovation trial is being carried out to provide payments (including payments to compensate for foregone income, as appropriate to address the increased economic risk potentially associated with new or innovative conservation approaches) to the producers to assist with adopting and evaluating new or innovative conservation approaches. (B) Length of incentives An agreement entered into under subparagraph (A) shall be for a period determined by the Secretary that is— (i) not less than 3 years; and (ii) if appropriate, more than 3 years, including if such a period is appropriate to support— (I) adaptive management over multiple crop years