; and (D) combining computer-based and online STEM education and training with traditional mentoring and other mentoring arrangements, apprenticeships, internships, and other applied learning opportunities. 4. Research on efficiency of skilled technical labor markets (a) Efficiency of skilled technical labor markets The Directorate of Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences of the National Science Foundation, in coordination with the Secretary of Labor, shall support research that improves the efficiency of skilled technical labor markets in the United States, including research on labor market analysis innovations, data and information sciences, electronic information tools and methodologies, and metrics. (b) Comparison of United States workforce (1) Research The National Science Foundation shall commission research that compares and contrasts skilled technical workforce development between the United States and other developed countries, including the diversity of skilled technical and professional workforces, to the extent feasible. (2) Report Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report on the results of the study under paragraph (1). (c) Skilled technical workforce (1) Review The National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics of the National Science Foundation shall consult and coordinate with other relevant Federal statistical agencies to explore the feasibility of expanding its surveys to include the collection of objective data on the skilled technical workforce. (2) Report Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report containing the progress made in expanding the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics surveys to include the skilled technical workforce. Such report shall include a plan for multi-agency collaboration in order to effect data collection and reporting of data on the skilled technical workforce. 5. Evaluation and report (a) Evaluation (1) In