; (B) using obstetric interventions only when such interventions are supported by strong, high-quality evidence, and minimizing overuse of maternity practices that have been shown to have benefit in limited situations and that can expose women, infants, or both to risk of harm if used routinely and indiscriminately, including continuous electronic fetal monitoring, labor induction, epidural analgesia, primary cesarean section, and routine repeat cesarean birth; (C) reliably incorporating noninvasive, evidence-based practices that have documented correlation with considerable improvement in outcomes with no detrimental side effects, such as smoking cessation programs in pregnancy and proven models of group prenatal care that integrate health assessment, education, and support into a unified program and supporting evidence-based breastfeeding promotion efforts with respect for a breastfeeding individual’s personal decisionmaking; (D) a shared understanding of the qualifications of licensed providers of maternity care and the best evidence about the safety, satisfaction, outcomes, and costs of their care, and appropriate deployment of such caregivers within the maternity care workforce to address the needs of childbearing individuals and newborns and the growing shortage of maternity caregivers; (E) a shared understanding of the results of the best available research comparing hospital, birth center, and planned home births, including information about each setting’s safety, satisfaction, outcomes, and costs; and (F) high-quality, evidence-based childbirth education that promotes a natural, healthy, and safe approach to pregnancy, childbirth, and early parenting; is taught by certified educators, peer counselors, and health professionals; and promotes informed decisionmaking by childbearing individual