; and (ii) promote effective teaching or school leadership skills. (2) Providing sustained and high-quality preservice clinical or residency experience, including the mentoring of prospective teachers or school leaders by effective teachers or school leaders, substantially increasing interaction between faculty at institutions of higher education and effective teachers, principals, and other school leaders at elementary schools or secondary schools, and providing support, including preparation time, for such interaction. (3) Developing and implementing initiatives to promote retention of highly skilled and effective teachers and principals, including teachers and principals from underrepresented populations, including programs that provide— (A) teacher or principal mentoring from effective teachers or principals, respectively