; (ii) the variance in the health of residents by— (I) location (such as inner cities, inner suburbs, and outer suburbs); and (II) population subgroup (including children, the elderly, the disadvantaged); or (iii) the importance of the built environment to the total health of residents, which is the primary variable of interest from a public health perspective; (C) is used to develop— (i) measures to address health and the connection of health to the built environment; and (ii) efforts to link the measures to travel and health databases; (D) distinguishes carefully between personal attitudes and choices and external influences on observed behavior to determine how much an observed association between the built environment and the health of residents, versus the lifestyle preferences of the people that choose to live in the neighborhood, reflects the physical characteristics of the neighborhood; and (E) (i) identifies or develops effective intervention strategies to promote better health among residents with a focus on behavioral interventions and enhancements of the built environment that promote increased use by residents; and (ii) in developing the intervention strategies under clause (i), ensures that the intervention strategies will reach out to high-risk populations, including racial and ethnic minorities, low-income urban and rural communities, and children. (4) Priority In providing assistance under the grant program authorized under paragraph (2), the Secretary and the Administrator shall give priority to research that incorporates— (A) minority-serving institutions as grantees; (B) interdisciplinary approaches