; (B) make the drug available to participants of any qualified health plan or Federal health plan for a period of up to 1 year at the price at which the drug was made available to consumers immediately before the violation of this Act; or (C) if the price gouging is done knowingly, or occurs after a previous determination by the Secretary or price gouging by the manufacturer, pay a civil penalty of up to 3 times the excessive amount the manufacturer received as a result of a violation of this Act. (2) Appeals Any person adversely affected by a determination of the Secretary under this subsection may obtain review of the determination in accordance with section 1128A(e) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1320a–7a(e)). (g) Enforcement by Attorney General (1) In general If a manufacturer determined under subsection (e) to have engaged in price gouging fails to comply with an order of the Secretary under subsection (f), the Secretary may refer the matter to the Attorney General for enforcement. (2) Subpoenas The Attorney General may subpoena documents or testimony as may assist in establishing whether the manufacturer engaged in price gouging in violation of this Act. (3) Action The Attorney General may bring an action in an appropriate district court for relief, including any relief described in subsection (f) and such further relief as the court determines is appropriate. 4. Effective date; applicability This Act shall— (1) take effect on January 1, 2019; and (2) apply with respect to all increases in the average manufacturer price of a qualifying drug occurring on or after that date.