Act ( 42 U.S.C. 300j–12(a) ) is amended by adding at the end the following: (5) Evaluation During fiscal years 2018 through 2022, a State may provide financial assistance under this section to a public water system serving a population of more than 10,000 for an expenditure described in paragraph (2) only if the public water system— (A) considers the cost and effectiveness of relevant processes, materials, techniques, and technologies for carrying out the project or activity that is the subject of the expenditure