; (2) fails to comply with any applicable regulation issued under this chapter, chapter 37, or any other applicable law or treaty; (3) discharges oil or hazardous material in violation of any law of the United States or in a manner or quantities inconsistent with any treaty to which the United States is a party; (4) does not comply with any applicable vessel traffic service requirements; (5) is manned by one or more officers who are licensed by a certificating State that the Secretary has determined, pursuant to section 9101 of title 46, does not have standards for licensing and certification of seafarers that are comparable to or more stringent than United States standards or international standards that are accepted by the United States; (6) is not manned in compliance with manning levels as determined by the Secretary to be necessary to insure the safe navigation of the vessel