; (2) evaluate, on a general basis, the effectiveness of current programs that have an effect of combating public corruption; (3) identify general areas in which the United States Government’s approach could be enhanced; and (4) identify specific programs for specific countries that could be used to enhance the whole-of-government approach. 707. Transparency and accountability (a) In general Not later than 60 days after publishing the report required under section 703, and prior to obligation by any United States agency of foreign assistance to the government of a country ranked in the lowest 2 quintiles in the World Bank Worldwide Governance Indicator on Control of Corruption grouping described in section 703(1), the Secretary, in coordination with the Administrator of USAID, as appropriate, shall— (1) conduct a corruption risk assessment and create a corruption mitigation strategy for all United States foreign assistance programs to that country; (2) require the inclusion of anti-corruption clauses for all foreign assistance contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements, which allow for the termination of the contract, grant, or cooperative agreement without penalty if credible indicators of public corruption are discovered; (3) require the inclusion of appropriate clawback clauses for all foreign assistance that has been misappropriated through corruption; (4) require the appropriate disclosure to the United States Government, in confidential form, if necessary, of the beneficial ownership of contractors, subcontractors, grantees, cooperative agreement participants, and other organizations receiving funding from the United States Government for foreign assistance programs