DISCOVERY A Caroline Pryce Walker Conquer Childhood Cancer Reauthorization Act 101. Children’s cancer biorepositories and biospecimen research Section 417E of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 285a–11 ) is amended— (1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following: (a) Children's cancer biorepositories (1) Award The Secretary, acting through the Director of NIH, may make awards to an entity or entities described in paragraph (4) to build upon existing initiatives to collect biospecimens and clinical and demographic information with a goal of collection for the vast majority of all children, adolescents, and young adults with selected cancer subtypes (and their recurrences) for which current treatments are least effective, through one or more biospecimen research efforts designed to achieve a better understanding of the cause of such cancers (and their recurrences) and the effects of treatments for such cancers. (2) Use of funds Amounts received under an award under paragraph (1) may be used to carry out the following: (A) Acquire, preserve, and store high-quality, donated biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic information on children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with cancer in the United States, focusing on children and adolescents enrolled in clinical trials for whom current treatments are least effective. Activities under this subparagraph may include storage of biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic data at biorepositories supported by the National Cancer Institute, such as the Children’s Oncology Group Biorepository and the Pediatric Cooperative Human Tissue Network as well as through biorepositories established as appropriate to support the scientific needs of future research efforts. (B) Make such information publicly available, including the repositories described in subparagraph (A). (C) Maintain a secure searchable database on stored biospecimens and associated clinical and demographic data from children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer