housing is a cost-effective solution to chronic homelessness that leads to improved residential stability and reduction in psychiatric symptoms. Studies have also shown that supportive housing is associated with significant reductions in costs for emergency room visits, hospitalizations, shelters, sobering centers, jails, and other public services used by people experiencing homelessness. (5) By implementing permanent supportive housing, communities are making progress toward ending chronic homelessness. 3. Duties of Administrator of Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Section 501(d) of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 290aa(d) ) is amended— (1) in paragraph (17), by striking and at the end