; and (2) in subsection (c)(1)— (A) by inserting, in subparagraph (A), after subparagraph (B), (C), striking or (D) and inserting the following: , (D), (E), or (F) ; and (B) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following: (E) In the case of a violation of paragraph (17) of subsection (a) of this section by an importer, exporter, manufacturer, or distributor (other than as provided in subparagraph (F)), up to $500,000 per violation. For purposes of this subparagraph, a violation is defined as each instance of importation, exportation, manufacturing, distribution, or possession with intent to manufacture or distribute, in violation of paragraph (17) of subsection (a). (F) In the case of a distribution, dispensing, or possession with intent to distribute or dispense in violation of paragraph (17) of subsection (a) of this section at the retail level, up to $1,000 per violation. Each package, container or other separate unit containing a synthetic opioid that is distributed, dispensed, or possessed with intent to distribute or dispense at the retail level in violation of such paragraph (17) of subsection (a) shall be considered a separate violation. .