1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Cyber Deterrence and Response Act of 2018 . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) On February 13, 2018, the Director of National Intelligence stated in his testimony before the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate that Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea will pose the greatest cyber threats to the United States during the next year through the use of cyber operations as low-cost tools of statecraft, and assessed that those countries would work to use cyber operations to achieve strategic objectives unless they face clear repercussions for their cyber operations . (2) The 2017 Worldwide Threat Assessment of the United States intelligence community stated, The potential for surprise in the cyber realm will increase in the next year and beyond as billions more digital devices are connected—with relatively little built-in security—and both nation states and malign actors become more emboldened and better equipped in the use of increasingly widespread cyber toolkits. The risk is growing that some adversaries will conduct cyber attacks—such as data deletion or localized and temporary disruptions of critical infrastructure—against the United States in a crisis short of war. . (3) On March 29, 2017, President Donald J. Trump deemed it necessary to continue the national emergency declared in Executive Order 13694 ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 note