; or (B) to the extent necessary and upon receiving appropriate training, individuals employed by contractors of the Department of Homeland Security or the Department of Justice who are subject to the supervision, control, or direction of the respective department and are assigned by that department to perform the duties described in subsection (a) in accordance with regulations or guidance established under subsection (d). (7) The terms unmanned aircraft and unmanned aircraft system have the meanings given those terms in section 331 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 ( 49 U.S.C. 40101 note). (8) For purposes of this section, the term risk-based assessment includes an evaluation of the following factors with respect to potential impacts on the safety and efficiency of the national airspace system and the needs of law enforcement and national security: (A) Potential impacts to the national airspace system, including potential effects on manned aircraft and unmanned aircraft systems, airport operations, infrastructure, and air navigation services related to the use of any system or technology for carrying out the actions described in subsection (b)(1). (B) Options for mitigating any identified impacts to the national airspace system related to the use of any system or technology, including minimizing when possible the use of any technology which disrupts the transmission of radio or electronic signals, for carrying out the actions described in subsection (b)(1). (C) Potential consequences of the impacts of any actions taken under subsection (b)(1) to the national airspace system and infrastructure if not mitigated. (D) The ability to provide reasonable advance notice to aircraft operators consistent with the safety of the national airspace system and the needs of law enforcement and national security. (E) The setting and character of any covered facility or asset, including whether it is located in a populated area or near other structures, whether the facility is open to the public, whether the