; (2) sex under title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 ( 20 U.S.C. 1681 et seq.); or (3) race, color, or national origin under title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ( 42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.). (b) Compliance (1) If the Secretary of the Treasury determines that a State or an entity that has received funds from amounts paid to a State under a grant under this title has failed to comply with a provision of law referred to in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall notify the chief executive officer of the State of such failure to comply and shall request that such chief executive officer secure such compliance. (2) If, not later than 60 days after receiving notification under paragraph (1), the chief executive officer of a State fails or refuses to secure compliance with the provision of law referred to in such notification, the Secretary of the Treasury may— (A) refer the matter to the Attorney General with a recommendation that an appropriate civil action be instituted