; or (C) a secondary school (as defined in section 8101 of such Act ( 20 U.S.C. 7801 )), that is independent of any local educational agency. (2) Antisemitism The term antisemitism means a certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred toward Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed toward Jewish or non-Jewish individuals and/or their property, toward Jewish community institutions and religious facilities. (3) Holocaust The term the Holocaust means the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately 6,000,000 Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators. During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived racial inferiority , such as Roma gypsies, the disabled, and some of the Slavic people (Poles, Russians, and others). Other groups were persecuted on political, ideological, and behavioral grounds, among them Communists, Socialists, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and homosexuals. (4) Holocaust denial and distortion The term Holocaust denial and distortion means discourse and propaganda that deny the historical reality and the extent of the extermination of the Jews by the Nazis and their accomplices during World War II, known as the Holocaust or the USC Shoah. Holocaust denial refers specifically to any attempt to claim that the Holocaust did not take place. Holocaust distortion refers to intentional efforts to excuse or minimize the impact of the Holocaust or its principal elements, including collaborators and allies of Nazi Germany, to blame the Jews for causing their own genocide, or to portray the Holocaust as a positive historical event. (5) Holocaust education center The term Holocaust education center means an institution that furthers the teaching and learning about the Holocaust by offering programs for students and training for teachers and other types of professional leadership audiences. (6) Holocaust education program The term Holocaust education program means a program that—