; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note). 3. Actions to encourage repeal of certain laws and administrative decrees and release of political and religious prisoners in Vietnam (a) Findings Congress finds the following: (1) Since January 2017 at least 35 human rights activists and bloggers have been arrested in Vietnam. Nineteen of these individuals have already been convicted and sentenced to jail terms and the other 16 individuals have been formally charged and placed in pre-trial detention. (2) These arrests bring the number of Vietnamese currently detained or imprisoned for political or religious reasons to 171 individuals. These individuals have been sentenced to an estimated 1,000 years of imprisonment to be followed by 204 years under house arrest. These individuals include human rights defenders, bloggers, lawyers, religious leaders, trade unionists, land rights activists, political dissidents, environmental campaigners, and others arrested for exercising their internationally-protected rights, such as the right to freedom of expression, to promote and protect the rights of others. (3) There are also a significant number of religious prisoners affiliated with independent religious communities, including some who have actively engaged in the promotion and protection of freedom of religion and others who have been detained simply for professing or practicing their faith outside government approved limits. (4) The charges most commonly used against political and religious prisoners include charges under— (A) Article 79 (relating to carrying out activities aimed at overthrowing the people’s administration); (B) Article 87 (relating to undermining national unity policy); (C) Article 88 (relating to conducting propaganda against the Government of Vietnam); (D) Article 89 (relating to disrupting security); (E) Article 245 (relating to causing public disorder); (F) Article 247 (relating to performing superstitious practices); (G) Article 257 (relating to resisting persons in the performance of their official duties)