1. Short title This Act may be cited as the National Monument Creation and Protection Act . 2. Limitation on size; clarification of eligible objects Section 320301 of title 54, United States Code, is amended— (1) in subsection (a), by striking historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest and inserting object or objects of antiquity ; (2) in subsection (b), by striking confined to the smallest area compatible with the proper care and management of the objects to be protected and inserting in accordance with the limitations outlined in subsections (e), (f), (g), and (h) ; and (3) by adding at the end the following: (e) Limitation on size of national monuments Except as provided by subsections (f), (g), and (h), after the date of the enactment of this subsection, land may not be declared under this section in a configuration that would create a national monument— (1) that is more than 640 acres; and (2) whose exterior boundary is less than 50 miles from the closest exterior boundary of another national monument declared under this section. (f) Exception for monuments of less than 5,000 acres Subsection (e) shall not apply to the designation of a national monument under this section if the national monument so designated— (1) would be less than 5,000 acres; (2) would have all exterior boundaries 50 miles or more from the closest exterior boundary of another national monument declared under this section; and (3) has been reviewed under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 ( 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) by the Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary of Agriculture, as appropriate. (g) Exception for monuments of 5,000 acres and up to 10,000 acres (1) In general Subsection (e) shall not apply to the designation of a national monument under this section if the national monument so designated— (A) would be at least 5,000 acres but not more than 10,000 acres