; (3) identifying research areas that the private sector is unable or unwilling to undertake due to the cost of, or risks associated with, the research; and (4) facilitating the access of the private sector— (A) to Federal research facilities; and (B) to the results of research funded by the Federal Government. (c) Demonstration projects (1) In general During the period beginning on the date of enactment of this section and ending on September 30, 2028, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, enter into 1 or more agreements to carry out not fewer than 4 advanced nuclear reactor demonstration projects. (2) Requirements In carrying out demonstration projects under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— (A) seek to include diversity in designs for the advanced nuclear reactors demonstrated under this section, including designs using various primary coolants; (B) seek to ensure that— (i) the long-term cost of electricity or heat for each design to be demonstrated under this subsection is cost-competitive in the applicable market; and (ii) the cost-competitiveness of each design to be demonstrated under this subsection is verified by an external review of the proposed design; (C) enter into cost-sharing agreements with partners in accordance with section 988 for the conduct of activities relating to the research, development, and demonstration of private-sector advanced nuclear reactor designs under the program; (D) work with private sector partners to identify potential sites, including Department-owned sites, for demonstrations, as appropriate; and (E) align specific activities carried out under demonstration projects carried out under this subsection with priorities identified through direct consultations between— (i) the Department; (ii) National Laboratories; (iii) institutions of higher education (as defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1001(a) )); (iv) traditional end-users (such as electric utilities)