1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Export Administration Anti-Discrimination Act . 2. Findings Congress finds the following: (1) The ability of United States citizens to engage in international commerce is a fundamental concern of United States policy. (2) It is important to the national interests of the United States that both the private sector and the Federal Government place a high priority on encouraging international trade, consistent with the economic, security, and foreign policy objectives of the United States. (3) It is in the best interest of the United States to protect countries friendly to the United States and United States persons residing, operating, or doing business in such countries from restrictive trade practices or boycotts. (4) Boycotts against friendly countries and their citizens, or against United States companies doing business with such countries or citizens, do not make for effective business decisionmaking, prevent a business from making the best use of the resources available to it, and should further be opposed as discriminatory. (5) More than $45,000,000,000 in goods and services is traded between Israel and the United States annually, in addition to roughly $10,000,000,000 per year in United States foreign direct investment in Israel. (6) Fellow democratic countries, such as Israel and other allied countries, are vital partners in the global pursuit of civil and human rights, including the protection of free speech. (7) The enactment of legislative prohibitions against discrimination in the commercial context or by federally funded programs, including academic institutions, is consistent with the United States Constitution. (8) Attempts to single out Israel and its citizens, or other allied countries and their citizens, for discriminatory boycotts violate fundamental principles of academic freedom. 3. Statement of policy It shall be the policy of the United States— (1) to oppose restrictive trade practices or boycotts against other countries friendly to the United