; and (3) the amount of greenhouse gas emissions reductions resulting from such efforts and plans that have been observed during the period covered by the report, and the amount of such reductions that are expected in the future. 5. Definitions In this Act: (1) Covered operations The term covered operations means all fossil fuel operations that are subject to the mineral leasing laws or title V of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 ( 30 U.S.C. 1761 et seq.), regardless of size, including production, storage, gathering, processing, transportation, and handling operations. (2) Flaring The term flaring means the intentional and controlled burning of gas that occurs in the course of oil and gas or coal operations. (3) Fossil fuel The term fossil fuel means all natural fuels, including oil, natural gas, natural gas liquids, and coal. (4) Fugitive release The term fugitive release means the unintentional and uncontrolled release of gas into the atmosphere in the course of oil and gas or coal operations. (5) Global Warming Potential-weighted emission The term Global Warming Potential-weighted emission means the ratio of the time-integrated radiative forcing from the instantaneous release of 1 kilogram of a trace substance relative to that of 1 kilogram of carbon dioxide, measured in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent for each greenhouse gas according to the most recent, and any subsequent, decisions by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change regarding global warming potentials. (6) Resources The term resources means oil, gas, and coal resources, both identified and inferred, that are both technically recoverable and economically recoverable using the range of past, and predicted future, commodity prices. (7) Venting The term venting means the intentional and controlled release of gas into the atmosphere in the course of oil and gas operations. (8) Produced and production The terms produced and production mean extracted, mined, withdrawn, sold, stored, released (including release by venting,