1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Surveillance and Testing of Opioids to Prevent Fentanyl Deaths Act of 2018 or the STOP Fentanyl Deaths Act of 2018 . 2. Public health laboratories to detect fentanyl (a) In general The Secretary of Health and Human Services (in this section referred to as the Secretary ) shall establish a program to award grants to Federal, State, and local agencies for the establishment or operation of public health laboratories to detect fentanyl, its analogues, and other synthetic opioids, as described in subsection (b). (b) Standards The Secretary, acting through the Assistant Secretary for Mental Health and Substance Use, and in consultation with the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall— (1) develop standards for effectively handling and testing fentanyl, its analogues, and other synthetic opioids; and (2) include in such standards procedures for encountering new and emerging synthetic opioid formulations and reporting those findings to other Federal, State, and local public health laboratories. (c) Laboratories Each public health laboratory funded under subsection (a) shall— (1) agree to follow the standards established under subsection (b) and be capable of providing systematic and routine laboratory testing of drugs for the purposes of obtaining and disseminating public health information to Federal, State, and local public health officials, laboratories, and other entities the Secretary deems appropriate; (2) work with law enforcement agencies and public health authorities to develop real-time information on the purity and movement of fentanyl, its analogues, and other synthetic opioids; (3) assist State and local law enforcement agencies in testing seized drugs when State and local forensic laboratories request additional assistance