1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Preventing Antibiotic Resistance Act of 2017 . 2. Purpose The purpose of this Act is to ensure the safety and effectiveness of medically important antimicrobials approved for use in the prevention, control, and treatment of animal diseases, in order to minimize the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 3. Evidence of safety of medically important veterinary antimicrobials (a) Applications pending or submitted after enactment Section 512(d)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ( 21 U.S.C. 360b(d)(1) ) is amended— (1) in the first sentence— (A) in subparagraph (H), by striking or at the end; (B) in subparagraph (I), by inserting or at the end; and (C) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the following: (J) with respect to a medically important antimicrobial (as defined in subsection (r)), the applicant has failed to demonstrate that a new animal drug application for an antimicrobial labeled for disease prevention or control meets the criteria in subsection (r)(2)(A); ; and (2) in the second sentence, by striking (A) through (I) and inserting (A) through (J) . (b) Ensuring judicious use in animals of medically important antimicrobials Section 512 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ( 21 U.S.C. 360b ) is amended by adding at the end the following: (r) Ensuring judicious use in animals of medically important antimicrobials (1) Applicability This subsection applies to medically important antimicrobials approved for use in a food-producing animal— (A) (i) for which there is in effect an approval of an application or an exemption under subsection (b), (i), or (j) of section 505; or (ii) that is otherwise marketed for human use; (B) for which the Guidance for Industry entitled, New Animal Drugs and New Animal Drug Combination Products, Administered in or on Medicated Feed or Drinking Water of Food-Producing Animals: Recommendations for Drug Sponsors for Voluntarily Aligning Product Use Conditions with GFI #209 , published in December 2013 applies