1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Great Lakes Water Protection Act . 2. Restriction on wastewater releases into the Great Lakes System (a) In general (1) Restriction Section 402 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act ( 33 U.S.C. 1342 ) is amended by adding at the end the following: (s) Restriction on wastewater releases into the Great Lakes System (1) Definitions In this subsection: (A) Bypass The term bypass means, with respect to a treatment facility that discharges into the Great Lakes System, an intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of the treatment facility. (B) Great lakes system The term Great Lakes System has the meaning given the term in section 118(a)(3). (C) Treatment facility The term treatment facility includes all wastewater treatment units used by a publicly owned treatment works to meet secondary treatment standards or higher, as required to attain water quality standards, under any operating conditions. (D) Treatment works The term treatment works has the meaning given the term in section 212. (2) Restriction A publicly owned treatment works that discharges into the Great Lakes System is prohibited from performing a bypass unless— (A) (i) the bypass is unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury, or severe property damage; (ii) there is not a feasible alternative to the bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated wastes, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime; and (iii) the treatment works provides notice of the bypass in accordance with paragraph (4); or (B) the bypass— (i) does not cause effluent limitations to be exceeded; and (ii) is for essential maintenance to ensure efficient operation of the treatment facility. (3) Limitation The requirement of paragraph (2)(A)(ii) is not satisfied if— (A) adequate back-up equipment should have been installed in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent the bypass