; or (iii) changes in case law governing relevant substantive patentability requirements since the patent was issued. (C) New evidence allowed The opening motion and opposition briefs under this paragraph may include new evidence, and further rebuttal evidence may be allowed at the discretion of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board. (2) Conduct of expedited IPR examination (A) In general If the Patent Trial and Appeal Board grants a motion filed under paragraph (1), the patent owner shall cancel each instituted claim and submit a reasonable number of substitute claims for consideration by the patent examiner in an expedited IPR examination under this paragraph. (B) Timing A patent examiner shall complete an expedited IPR examination, excluding any time for appeals, within 18 months. (C) Procedures Consideration of the substitute claims in an expedited IPR examination shall follow the procedures established for initial examination under sections 132 and 133, subject to subsection (b) of this section and modified as necessary to ensure that the procedures are expedited. (D) Appeal (i) Patent examiner decision If the final decision of a patent examiner in an expedited IPR examination is adverse to the patentability of a substitute claim, the patent owner may appeal the decision to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board under section 134(c). (ii) Patent Trial and Appeal Board decision If the final decision in an appeal of an expedited IPR reexamination to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board under section 134(c) is adverse to the patentability of a substitute claim, the patent owner may appeal the decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in accordance with sections 141 through 144. (E) Certificate If the patent examiner determines in an expedited IPR examination that a substitute claim is patentable, and the time for appeal has expired or any appeal proceeding has terminated, the Director shall issue and publish a certificate incorporating in the patent the substitute claim. (F) Intervening rights