; Whereas the Federal Judicial Center has concluded that balancing the duty to decide with the duty to disqualify precludes judges from using recusal as an excuse to shirk their duties by avoiding difficult or unpleasant cases; Whereas the United States Constitution vests judicial power in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish; Whereas the separation of powers of the coordinate branches of government, as well as the independence of the judiciary, or the appearance of independence, may be compromised by extensive legislative or executive interference into that branch's functions; Whereas James Madison argued in Federalist Paper Number 10 that [n]o man is allowed to be a judge in his own cause, because his interest would certainly bias his judgment, and, not improbably, corrupt his integrity ; and Whereas the United States Supreme Court has acknowledged in Republican Party of Minnesota v. White, and reiterated in Caperton v. A.T. Massey Coal Co., that [t]he citizen's respect for judgments depends … upon the issuing court's absolute probity and that [j]udicial integrity is, in consequence, a state interest of the highest order : Now, therefore, be it