any child in foster care under the responsibility of the State. . 9. Private right of action for failure to comply with case plan and case system review requirements (a) Private right of action Section 475A of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 675a ) is amended by adding at the end the following: (c) Private right of action (1) In general An individual who is or was a child in foster care under the responsibility of the State may obtain appropriate relief with regard to a failure to comply with a case plan requirement in section 475(1) or a failure to comply with a case review system requirement in section 475(5) that applies or applied to the individual while the child was such foster care not later than 5 years after the date on which the individual exits foster care by bringing a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States. In the case of an individual with more than 1 period in foster care under the responsibility of the State, each such period shall be treated separately for purposes of applying the 5-year deadline under the preceding sentence. (2) Exhaustion of administrative remedies An action under this subsection may be commenced, and relief may be granted, only after the individual commencing the action has sought or exhausted any available administrative remedies. (3) Waiver of state sovereignty (A) In general As a condition of a State receiving funds under this part, the State shall voluntarily and knowingly agree that— (i) an action under this subsection may be maintained against, among others, a party that is a State governmental entity