; (2) a grizzly bear, or any part thereof, taken, possessed, or transported in the State of Alaska; or (3) a taking that is imminently necessary for self-defense or to save the life of a person in immediate danger. (c) Civil penalty (1) Knowing violation Any person who knowingly violates subsection (a) may be assessed a civil penalty by the Secretary under the first sentence of section 11(a) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ( 16 U.S.C. 1540(a) ) as if such person has knowingly violated a provision of such Act. (2) Unknowing violation Any person who, other than knowingly, violates subsection (a) may be assessed a civil penalty by the Secretary under the third sentence of section 11(a) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ( 16 U.S.C. 1540(a) ) as if such person has otherwise violated a provision of such Act. (d) Criminal penalty Any person who knowingly violates subsection (a) shall, upon conviction, be punished in the same manner as a person who commits a violation punishable under the first sentence of section 11(b) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ( 16 U.S.C. 1540(b) ). (e) Cancellation of grazing authorizations Any lease, license, permit, or agreement issued by the head of any Federal agency to a person authorizing the grazing of domestic livestock on Federal lands shall have no force or effect upon the conviction of such person of a violation of subsection (a). The United States shall not be liable for the payment of any compensation, reimbursement, or damages in connection with the cancellation of any lease, license, permit, or agreement pursuant to this subsection. 3. Permitted taking of grizzly bears (a) In general The Secretary may issue a permit in accordance with this section authorizing the taking, possession, or transport of a grizzly bear, or any part thereof, that is otherwise prohibited by section 2. (b) Conditions The Secretary may issue a permit under this section only if the Secretary has— (1) investigated the circumstances that gave rise to the permit application