; (bb) IEEE 2030.5; or (cc) the CTA–2045 application layer. (4) Geographical requirement The Secretary shall provide grants under the program to eligible entities carrying out projects in diverse geographical regions of the United States to ensure that projects are carried out in service territories with diverse utility business models. (5) Amount of grant The amount of a grant provided to an eligible entity under the program for a project shall be not less than $500,000 and not more than $10,000,000. (c) Authorization of appropriations There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $50,000,000, to remain available for a period of 10 years following the fiscal year for which the amounts were appropriated. 5. Vehicle-to-Grid Integration (VGI) Demonstration Grant Program (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Eligible entity The term eligible entity means— (A) an electric utility; (B) a private commercial entity, including vehicle manufacturers; (C) an institution of higher education; (D) a unit of State or local government; (E) a nonprofit organization; and (F) a National Laboratory. (2) Program The term program means the vehicle-to-grid demonstration grant program established under subsection (b)(1). (b) Establishment of program (1) In general Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of Transportation, shall establish a vehicle-to-grid integration demonstration grant program of research, development, and demonstration activities— (A) to advance the co-optimization of electrified transportation and electricity systems, including by identifying ways to increase the resilience, efficiency, and environmental performance of the electric grid and the transportation system; (B) to advance the technical understanding of— (i) the manner in which vehicle charging systems are controlled and optimized, including by advancing vehicle and charging station telemetry and embedded metrology