; and (F) qualify for and maintain eligibility for needed public benefits and work supports, such as child care subsidies and benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program, due to fluctuations in income and work hours. (5) Twenty-six percent of workers on irregular or on-call schedules and 19 percent of workers on rotating or split shift schedules experience work-family conflict, compared to 11 percent of workers on regular work schedules. A recent national survey of retail workers found that unpredictable schedules among parents are associated with higher stress and less time spent with their children. (6) Unpredictable and unstable schedules are common in a wide range of occupations, including food preparation and service, retail sales, and cleaning occupations. According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for early-career adults, 64 percent of food service workers, 50 percent of retail workers, and 40 percent of cleaning workers know their schedules only a week or less in advance. The average variation between the least and most hours worked in a single month is 70 percent for food service workers, 50 percent for retail workers, and 40 percent for cleaning workers. (7) Food service workers, retail workers, and cleaning workers are among the lowest-paid workers, and those occupations account for nearly 24 million workers, which is almost one-sixth of the workforce. (8) Employers that have implemented fair work scheduling policies that allow workers to have more control over their work schedules, and provide more predictable and stable schedules, have experienced significant benefits, including reductions in absenteeism and workforce turnover, and increased worker morale and engagement. (9) This Act is a first step in responding to the needs of workers for a voice in the timing of their work hours and for more predictable schedules. 2. Definitions As used in this Act: (1) Bona fide business reason The term bona fide business reason means— (A) the identifiable burden of additional costs to