; and (B) ensure that the process for establishing the criteria— (i) is transparent; (ii) is consistent across agencies; (iii) provides opportunity for public comment; and (iv) takes into account efforts of Federal agencies to identify and publicize effective interventions, including efforts at the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Education, and the Department of Justice. (3) Definitions In this subsection: (A) Approach The term approach means a process, product, strategy, or practice that is— (i) research-based, based on the results of one or more empirical studies, and linked to program-determined outcomes; and (ii) evaluated using rigorous research designs. (B) Proven approach The term proven approach means an approach that— (i) meets the requirements of a promising approach; and (ii) has demonstrated significant and substantively important positive outcomes at more than one site in terms of increasing work and earnings of participants, reducing poverty and dependence, improving child well-being, or strengthening families. (C) Promising approach The term promising approach means an approach— (i) that meets the requirements of subparagraph (D)(i); (ii) that has been evaluated using well-designed and rigorous randomized controlled trials (or, if not available, rigorous quasi-experimental research designs); (iii) that has demonstrated significant and substantively important positive outcomes at one site in terms of increasing work and earnings of participants, reducing poverty and dependence, improving child well-being, or strengthening families; and (iv) under which the benefits of the positive outcomes have exceeded the costs of achieving the outcomes. (D) Developmental approach The term developmental approach means an approach that— (i) is research-based, grounded in relevant empirically based knowledge, and linked to program-determined outcomes; (ii) is evaluated using rigorous research designs