; and (2) submit the findings of the study, including any recommendations, to the appropriate committees of Congress. (e) Gap analysis The study required under subsection (d) shall include a gap analysis to determine if State and local laws and resources are adequate to deter or otherwise address the crimes of violence described in subsection (a) and recommendations on how to address any identified gaps. 552. Study on training of customer-facing air carrier employees (a) In general Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation shall conduct a study on the training received by customer-facing employees of air carriers. (b) Contents The study shall include— (1) an analysis of the training received by customer-facing employees with respect to the management of disputes on aircraft; (2) an examination of how institutions of higher learning, in coordination with air carriers, customer-facing employees and their representatives, consumer advocacy organizations, and other stakeholders, could— (A) review such training and related practices; (B) produce recommendations; and (C) if determined appropriate, provide supplemental training; and (3) the effectiveness of air carriers’ Employee Assault Prevention and Response Plans required under section 551. (c) Report Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of the study. 553. Automated weather observing systems policy (a) In general Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall— (1) update automated weather observing systems standards to maximize the use of new technologies that promote the reduction of equipment or maintenance cost for non-Federal automated weather observing systems, including the use of remote monitoring and maintenance, unless demonstrated to be ineffective