of China. 9. Prohibition on facilitating certain investments in the South China Sea or the East China Sea (a) In general No United States person may take any action to approve, facilitate, finance, or guarantee any investment, provide insurance, or underwriting in the South China Sea or the East China Sea that involves any person with respect to which sanctions are imposed under section 6(a). (b) Enforcement The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, is authorized to take such actions, including the promulgation of such rules and regulations, as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section. (c) Penalties The penalties provided for in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1705 ) shall apply to a person that violates, attempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations prescribed under this section to the same extent that such penalties apply to a person that commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of such section 206. (d) Exception Subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to humanitarian assistance, disaster assistance, or emergency food assistance. 10. Department of Justice affirmation of non-recognition of annexation In any matter before any United States court, upon request of the court or any party to the matter, the Attorney General shall affirm the United States policy of not recognizing the de jure or de facto sovereignty of the People’s Republic of China over territory or airspace contested by one or more members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in the South China Sea or the territory or airspace of areas of the East China Sea administered by Japan or the Republic of Korea. 11. Non-recognition of Chinese sovereignty over the South China Sea or the East China Sea (a) United states armed forces The Secretary of Defense may not take any action, including any movement of aircraft or vessels that implies recognition of the sovereignty of the