plants—a serious concern, as benzene is a powerful cancer-causing agent. The odds are now an incredible 3 to 1 that a Latino immigrant will reside in an area with dangerously high levels of toxic pollution. It should come as no surprise, then, that Latino families have placed as much importance on clean air and clean water in their communities as they have on immigration issues. (4) Tribal lands are only 4 percent of the United States land base, yet of the 1,322 Superfund hazardous waste sites, 25 percent are in Indian country. The vast majority—75 percent—of abandoned uranium mines are on Indian lands, with little effort made to remediate the harms they cause. (5) A full 20 percent of people living in First Nations communities located next to tar sands extraction sites were diagnosed with cancer—Keystone XL and the Enbridge Alberta Clipper expansion were one of many pipelines attempting to bring this tar sands, toxic and corrosive crude oil into the United States, directly through tribal treaty lands. (6) Federal leasing of public lands for fossil fuels extraction significantly impacts numerous American Indian Tribes, Alaska Native Tribes, Native Hawaiian communities and indigenous communities that share more than 3,000 miles of contiguous border with National Forest lands. The resource exploitation of fossil fuel energy extraction has run a long and deadly course in tribal lands. (7) Fracking operations adversely impact public health through threats to water and air quality from multiple sources including leaks from pipes and related transportation of fossil fuel that results in disproportionate increases in hospitalization due to premature births, asthma and cardiovascular disease near fracking sites. People of color living in proximity of truck traffic, fracking wells, and experience increased exposure to ultra fine particulate matter from exhaust and emissions near well pads. (8) President Obama joined other world leaders from the Group of Twenty in 2009, and again in 2013, in pledging to phase out wasteful