business, arts, home, community-based organizations, and philanthropy need to concentrate their efforts where they are most needed: in our schools. (11) Research from Johns Hopkins University shows that access to summer learning opportunities leads to significant student learning gains not experienced by students who cannot access summer learning opportunities. (12) A 2011 study conducted by the RAND Corporation found that students who attend summer learning programs, particularly those featuring individualized instruction, parental involvement, and small class sizes, experience clear benefits in overcoming the achievement gap between low- and upper-income students. 3. Purposes The purposes of this Act are— (1) to create engaging learning experiences that— (A) strengthen academic achievement, build civic capacity, and provide a continuum of supports and opportunities for children, youth, and their families