; (2) the effectiveness of noise abatement programs for railway noise on the property of a school; (3) the impacts of railway noise on schools; and (4) the noise assessment practices of the Department of Transportation and whether such practices fairly and accurately reflect the burden of noise on communities. (c) Report Not later than 12 months after the date of the agreement entered into under subsection (a), the National Academy of Sciences shall transmit to the Secretary a report on the results of the study. Upon receipt of the report, the Secretary shall transmit a copy of the report to the appropriate committees of Congress. 4. Noise measurement and exposure systems Not later than 12 months after the date of submission of the report under section 3, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and Government, State, and interstate agencies that the Secretary of Transportation considers appropriate, the Secretary shall by regulation— (1) establish a single system of measuring railway noise that— (A) has a highly reliable relationship between projected railway noise exposure and surveyed reactions of individuals to noise; and (B) is applied uniformly in measuring railway noise near urbanized areas; (2) establish a single system for determining the exposure of individuals to railway noise in urbanized areas, including noise intensity, duration, frequency, and time of occurrence; and (3) based on the findings of the report required under section 3, determine minimum standards for railway noise levels on the property of a school located in an urbanized area. 5. Noise exposure maps (a) Submission and Preparation Not later than 12 months after the date of issuance of regulations under section 4, each rail operator shall submit to the Secretary of Transportation a noise exposure map showing any areas of nonconforming railway noise levels (based on the standards developed under section 4) that— (1) adversely impact a school located in an urbanized area