ecosystem, associated fish and wildlife, economic value, and location will help to fulfill the role of the United States Forest Service, National Park Service, and Bureau of Land Management to ensure a quality National Wilderness Preservation System. The review has identified other areas which may have outstanding values as wild and scenic rivers. The review has also identified areas which may not possess outstanding wilderness attributes and should not now be designated as components of the National Wilderness Preservation System, but which should be studied to determine their role in maintaining biological diversity in the Northern Rockies. (13) Many areas of National Forest System lands and public lands administered by the Bureau of Land Management have been damaged and their productivity reduced by unwise development practices, which have also impaired ecosystem function and biological diversity. The Island Park area adjacent to Yellowstone National Park contains large clear-cut areas right up to the park boundary. Efforts should be made to return these areas to their former ecological health and native diversity. These efforts should seek to ensure that vital ecosystem components are restored, especially in areas where wildlife travel corridors and native fish and wildlife populations have been damaged or eliminated. Restoration efforts should seek to ensure and maintain genetic interchange, biological diversity, and restoration of native species diversity throughout the Northern Rockies Bioregion. (14) Backcountry areas of the National Park System have been damaged by inappropriate management, despite policies that require that recommended wilderness be administered as wilderness. An emphasis on structures and motorized equipment, and in some instances developed backcountry campsites, have all detracted from and degraded the wilderness character of these backcountry areas. (15) Federal agencies entrusted with managing the natural resources of the Northern Rockies Bioregion operate under contradictory