the United Nations Relief and Works Agency announced that it had discovered Hamas tunnels under its schools in the Gaza Strip. (12) On December 10, 2014, the 113th Congress unanimously adopted H. Con. Res. 107, a bicameral and bipartisan resolution in which Congress strongly condemns the use of innocent civilians as human shields , calls on the international community to recognize and condemn Hamas’ use of human shields , places responsibility for the rocket attacks against Israel on Hamas and other terrorist organizations, such as Palestine Islamic Jihad , and supports the sovereign right of the Government of Israel to defend its territory and its citizens from Hamas’ rocket attacks, kidnapping attempts, and the use of tunnels and other means to carry out attacks against Israel . (13) In addition to Hizballah and Hamas, other groups designated by the Secretary of State as foreign terrorist organizations, including the Islamic State, Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Boko Haram, Al-Shabaab, and al Qai’da, have repeatedly used similar human shield tactics in violation of international law. (14) The international community has routinely failed to hold terrorist organizations and their personnel accountable for the use of human shields. In addition, unlike many state actors, there is no indication that terrorist organizations possess the capability or the will to investigate and prosecute their members for the use of human shields (or indeed any other war crimes). Instead, many terrorist organizations routinely use human shields as a deliberate tactic during armed conflict, reflecting a complete disregard for the obligations established by international law to mitigate the risk to civilians. (15) Absent appropriate and consistent international, national, and public condemnation and enforcement of the prohibitions against using human shields, terrorist organizations will likely continue to engage in such criminal exploitation of civilians during armed conflicts. 3. Statement of policy It shall be the policy of the United