; and (2) develop recommended best practices for addressing risks assessed under paragraph (1) in consultation with the National Association of Secretaries of State, National Association of State Election Directors, and National Institute of Standards and Technology. (b) Voluntary participation Participation by a State in the threat assessment conducted under subsection (a) shall be voluntary and at the discretion of the State. (c) Report Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit a report to Congress and the Director of National Intelligence on the threat assessment conducted under subsection (a), which shall include an estimate of the total cost of implementing the recommended best practices developed under subsection (a)(2) through the grant program established under section 203. 203. Grant program for upgrading voting systems (a) In general The Secretary, acting in conjunction with a sector specific agency, shall award grants to States to assist in the development of security solutions for State voting systems. (b) Use of funds (1) In general Subject to paragraph (2), a grant awarded under this section shall be used by a State to upgrade the voting systems of the State to ensure the security and integrity of the physical, electronic, and administrative components of the voting system based upon the threat assessment conducted, and recommended best practices developed, under section 202. (2) Implementation of best practices A State receiving a grant under this section shall use the grant funds solely to implement the recommended best practices developed under section 202, or alternative practices that are equivalent to or exceed such best practices subject to certification described in subsection (c)(3), before using the grant to carry out any other uses described in paragraph (1). (c) Application (1) In general A State seeking a grant under this section shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as