; or (C) necessary to conduct an investigation of the alleged retaliation. (4) Time limitation A complaint may not be brought under this subsection more than three years after the date on which the alleged retaliation took place. (c) Remedy and enforcement authority (1) In general Not later than 30 days after receiving an Inspector General report pursuant to subsection (b), the Secretary shall determine whether there is sufficient basis to conclude that the institution has violated subsection (a) and shall either issue an order denying relief or shall take one or more of the following actions: (A) Order the institution to take action to abate the retaliation. (B) Order the institution to reinstate the complainant to the position that the complainant held before the retaliation, together with compensatory damages (including back pay) and any other benefits, terms, or conditions that would apply to the complainant in that position if the retaliation had not occurred. (C) Order the institution to pay the complainant an amount equal to the aggregate amount of all costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees and expert witness fees) that were reasonably incurred by the complainant for, or in connection with, bringing the complaint regarding the retaliation, as determined by the Secretary. (2) Exhaustion of remedies If the Secretary issues an order denying relief under paragraph (1) or has not issued an order within 210 days after the submission of a complaint under subsection (b), or in the case of an extension of time under subsection (b)(2)(B), not later than 30 days after the expiration of the extension of time, and there is no showing that such delay is due to the bad faith of the complainant, the complainant shall be deemed to have exhausted all administrative remedies with respect to the complaint, and the complainant may bring a de novo action at law or equity against the institution to seek compensatory damages and other relief available under this section in the appropriate district court of the United