1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Surveillance and Testing of Opioids to Prevent Fentanyl Deaths Act of 2018 or the STOP Fentanyl Deaths Act of 2018 . 2. Public health laboratories to detect fentanyl (a) In general The Secretary of Health and Human Services (in this section referred to as the Secretary ) shall establish a program to award grants to Federal, State, and local agencies to support the establishment or operation of public health laboratories to detect fentanyl, its analogues, and other synthetic opioids, as described in subsection (b). (b) Standards The Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall— (1) develop standards for effectively handling and testing fentanyl, its analogues, and other synthetic opioids; (2) develop— (A) fentanyl and fentanyl analogue reference materials, quality control standards, and protocols to calibrate instrumentation for clinical diagnostics and post-mortem surveillance; and (B) portable testing devices utilized by law enforcement and public health officials; and (3) include in the standards developed pursuant to paragraph (1) procedures for encountering new and emerging synthetic opioid formulations and report those findings to Federal, State, and local public health laboratories. (c) Laboratories The Secretary shall require grantees under subsection (a) to— (1) follow the standards established under subsection (b) and be capable of providing systematic and routine laboratory testing of drugs for the purposes of obtaining and disseminating public health information to Federal, State, and local public health officials, laboratories, and other entities as the Secretary determines appropriate; (2) work with law enforcement agencies and public health authorities, as practicable, to develop real-time information on the purity and movement of fentanyl, its analogues, and other synthetic opioids