; Public Law 111–211 ) and has remained fairly steady; (4) drug and alcohol abuse is a key contributing factor to violence and crime in Indian communities; (5) substance abuse prevention and treatment, including detention-based treatment, are critical to reducing the rates of recidivism in Indian communities; (6) during the period beginning in 2010 and ending on the date of enactment of this Act, the number of law enforcement officers working on public safety in Indian country has slightly increased, but according to the Bureau of Indian Affairs, only approximately 43 percent of the total need for those officers is currently being met; (7) for a period of more than 40 years prior to the date of enactment of this Act, the Shadow Wolves, a special unit of tactical officers of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, have been deployed throughout the Tohono O'odham Nation reservation in Arizona and have been operating in an area— (A) of more than 5,000 square miles of vast, desert, tribal land in the Southwest, 75 square miles of which is an area located along the United States border with Mexico; (B) in which approximately 28,000 Indians reside; and (C) that has been targeted by criminal organizations for use as a major corridor to deliver contraband from Mexico to locations throughout the United States, including other Indian reservations; (8) many Bureau of Indian Affairs and tribal detention facilities continue to operate in overcrowded conditions; (9) tribes continue to encounter barriers to accessing and entering information into national crime information databases for criminal and civil purposes and additional options are needed to ensure Indian tribes can fully participate in the 2-way sharing of criminal justice information so that all tribal justice and public safety agencies have access to the data needed to keep their communities safe; (10) American Indian and Alaska Native juveniles are overrepresented in Federal and State juvenile justice systems