for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks . (8) On November 4, 2016, President Obama signed Executive Order 13747, Advancing the Global Health Security Agenda to Achieve a World Safe and Secure from Infectious Disease Threats . (9) In October 2017 at the GHSA Ministerial Meeting in Uganda, the United States and more than 40 GHSA member countries supported the Kampala Declaration to extend the GHSA for an additional 5 years to 2024. (10) In December 2017, President Trump released the National Security Strategy, which includes the priority action: Detect and contain biothreats at their source: We will work with other countries to detect and mitigate outbreaks early to prevent the spread of disease. We will encourage other countries to invest in basic health care systems and to strengthen global health security across the intersection of human and animal health to prevent infectious disease outbreaks . (11) In February 2018, the Director of National Intelligence, Daniel R. Coats, released the Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community, which said The increase in frequency and diversity of reported disease outbreaks—such as dengue and Zika—probably will continue through 2018, including the potential for a severe global health emergency that could lead to major economic and societal disruptions, strain governmental and international resources, and increase calls on the United States for support . (12) In the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 ( Public Law 115–141 ), Congress provided $172,600,000 for global health security and required the President to submit a global health security strategy to Congress not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of that Act. (13) In September 2018, President Trump released the National Biodefense Strategy, which includes objectives to strengthen global health security capacities to prevent local bioincidents from becoming epidemics , and strengthen international preparedness to support international