1. Short title This Act may be cited as the On-the-Job Training Tax Credit Act of 2017 . 2. On-the-Job Training Tax Credit (a) In general Subpart D of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the following new section: 45S. On-the-job training tax credit (a) In general For purposes of section 38, in the case of an eligible employer, the on-the-job training tax credit determined under this section with respect to any eligible employee of the employer is an amount equal to the lesser of— (1) 50 percent of the job training program expenditures of the taxpayer with respect to such employee during the taxable year, or (2) $5,000. (b) Eligible employer For purposes of this section, the term eligible employer means an employer which employed an average of not more than 500 full-time employees during the taxable year. (c) Job training program expenses For purposes of this section— (1) In general The term job training program expenses means amounts paid or incurred by the employer for expenses incurred by or on behalf of an eligible employee for participation in a qualified training program. (2) Qualified training program For purposes of this subsection, the term qualified training program means any of the following written plans of study and training: (A) An apprenticeship program registered and certified with the Secretary of Labor under section 1 of the National Apprenticeship Act ( 29 U.S.C. 50 ). (B) A program licensed, registered, or certified by the workforce investment board or apprenticeship agency or council of a State or administered in compliance with apprenticeship laws of a State. (C) A program conducted by a vocational or technical education school, community college, industrial or trade training organization, or labor organization. (D) A program which conforms to apprentice training programs developed or administered by an employer trade group or committee. (E) An industry sponsored or administered program which is clearly identified and