; and (2) conduct quarterly surveys of business owners who start a business during the 1-year period ending on the date on which such survey is conducted to gather qualitative information about the factors that influenced their decision to start the business. (c) Random sampling In conducting surveys under subsection (b)(2), the Secretary may use random sampling to identify a group of business owners who are representative of all the business owners described in subsection (b)(2). (d) Benefits The Secretary of Commerce shall inform business owners selected to participate in a survey conducted under this section of the benefits they would receive from participating in the survey. (e) Voluntary participation Business owners selected to participate in a survey conducted under this section may decline to participate without penalty. (f) Report Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 3 months thereafter, the Secretary of Commerce shall use the data compiled under subsection (b) to prepare a report that— (1) lists the aggregate number of new businesses formed in the United States; (2) lists the aggregate number of persons employed by new businesses formed in the United States; (3) analyzes the payroll of new businesses formed in the United States; (4) summarizes the data collected under subsection (b); and (5) identifies the most effective means by which government officials can encourage the formation and growth of new businesses in the United States. (g) Distribution The Secretary of Commerce shall— (1) submit each report prepared under subsection (f) to Congress