1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Putting Students First Act . 2. Education Recoupment Trust Fund (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Eligible case The term eligible case means any administrative, criminal, or civil case— (A) in which the United States is a named party; and (B) related to the misuse of any qualifying money. (2) Local educational agency The term local educational agency has the meaning given that term in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 7801 ). (3) Misuse The term misuse , when used with respect to qualifying money, means— (A) fraud, theft, or otherwise illegal or prohibited use of qualifying money; or (B) statements or actions used to fraudulently or otherwise illegally obtain qualifying money. (4) Qualifying money The term qualifying money means money distributed by the Department of Education for the purpose of elementary or secondary education, including such money distributed— (A) directly to any individual or entity; or (B) to a State educational agency, local educational agency, school, charter school network or system, charter school, charter or education management organization, or any other institution, office, department, or entity, which then distributed the money to another individual or entity. (5) Responsible party The term responsible party means any individual, institution, government body, official, or other entity that is a named party to an eligible case that— (A) is ordered by a court or administrative agency to pay a fine, fee, penalty, or judgment to the United States Government due to misuse of qualifying money