; and (B) publicly disclose all de-identified primary clinical data upon publication of a study as described in subparagraph (A)(i). (2) Financial information The Director shall make public all costs to the Federal Government associated with carrying out clinical trials by the Center for Clinical Research and with subcontract agreements under this section. (e) Definition In this section, the term drug has the meaning given such term in section 201(g) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (f) Appropriations For the purpose of carrying out this section, in addition to any other funds available for such purpose, there are authorized to be appropriated, and there are appropriated, $1,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2017 through 2027, to remain available until expended. . (b) Clerical amendment Section 401(b) of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 281(b) ) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraph (25) as paragraph (26); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (24) the following: (25) The Center for Clinical Research. . 303. Rewarding innovative drug development (a) Drug exclusivity (1) New chemical entity exclusivity (A) In general Section 505(j)(5) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act ( 21 U.S.C. 355(j)(5) ) is amended— (i) in subparagraph (B)— (I) in clause (i), by inserting except that such approval may not be made effective before the date that is 5 years after the date on which the drug to which the application refers was approved under subsection (c) before the period; and (II) in clause (ii), by inserting except that such approval may not be made effective before the date that is 5 years after the date on which the drug to which the application refers was approved under subsection (c) before the period; and (ii) in subparagraph (F)(ii)— (I) by striking expiration of five years and inserting expiration of 3 years