; Whereas despite the Government of South Sudan, including President Salva Kiir, having made several public commitments in recent months to allow unhindered humanitarian assistance, including in a joint communique with the United Nations Security Council in September 2016, the aid response continues to be obstructed, mainly by the government’s armed forces, the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA); Whereas in February 2016, SPLA troops attacked a civilian protection site established by UNMISS in Malakal, killing up to 65 people, injuring over 100, and displacing roughly 30,000, and the forces also burned down 3,700 shelters across one-third of the site; Whereas in July 2016, violence initiated by the SPLA and forces from the Sudan People’s Liberation Army—In Opposition (SPLA–IO) in Juba involved an attack in which SPLA forces fired over 50 rounds at an armored United States Embassy vehicle, an attack on the Terrain Hotel compound in which SPLA soldiers beat and raped foreign aid workers, reportedly targeting Americans, and other attacks on United Nations compounds and UNMISS civilian protection sites; Whereas the violence resulted in the deaths of 300 people, including two United Nations peacekeepers and two employees of Doctors Without Borders; and Whereas the final report of the United Nations Panel of Experts on South Sudan which was extended pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 2290 (2016) found that— (1) while the SPLA, the SPLA–IO, and other armed groups undertook military operations, including targeting of civilians, throughout 2016 and the first quarter of 2017, by far the largest-scale campaigns have been planned and executed by the SPLA under the leadership of President Kiir