; or (B) an individual who is— (i) employed by the Federal Government; and (ii) a representative of a Federal Government entity that may be regulated by a regulatory action under review by OIRA. (4) OIRA The term OIRA means the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, as defined in section 551 of title 5, United States Code, as added by section 102 of this Act. (5) Regulatory action The term regulatory action means any substantive action by an agency that promulgates or is expected to lead to the promulgation of a final rule, including a notice of inquiry, an advanced notice of proposed rulemaking, and a notice of proposed rulemaking. (6) Rule; rulemaking The terms rule and rulemaking have the meanings given those terms in section 551 of title 5, United States Code. 403. Purpose The purpose of this title is to ensure greater openness, accessibility, and accountability in the regulatory review process. 404. Transparency Except as otherwise provided by law or required by a court— (1) the Administrator shall— (A) ensure that in all substantive communications between OIRA personnel and covered individuals relating to a regulatory action under review by OIRA— (i) a representative from the agency issuing the regulatory action shall be invited to any meeting between OIRA personnel and any covered individual; and (ii) all written communications, regardless of format, between OIRA personnel and covered individuals are forwarded to the agency issuing the regulatory action not later than 10 working days after receiving the date on which OIRA receives the written communication; and (B) maintain a publicly available log that shall contain, with respect to each regulatory action under review by OIRA— (i) the status of the regulatory action, including if input from the President or the Vice President was requested, and if so, when and by whom; (ii) a log of all written communications forwarded to the agency issuing the regulatory action under subparagraph (A)(ii)