1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Community Protection and Preparedness Act of 2017 . 2. Rail spill preparedness fund (a) In general Chapter 51 of title 49, United States Code, is amended by inserting after section 5110 the following: 5111. Rail spill preparedness fund (a) Establishment of Rail Account There is established in the Oil Spill Liability Trust Fund a separate account to be known as the Rail Account consisting of such amounts as may be appropriated, credited, deposited, or transferred to such account as provided in this section. (b) Fee for certain railroad tank cars transporting Class 3 flammable liquids Not later than October 1, 2017, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall impose a fee of $1,500 for each DOT–111 specification railroad tank car, including each CPC–1232 tank car, used to transport Class 3 flammable liquids during the previous fiscal year that, at the time such tank car was used, did not meet the DOT–117, DOT–117P, or DOT–117R specifications in part 179 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations. Such fee shall be— (1) paid by each person who causes such liquids to be transported by such a tank car in commerce; and (2) imposed regardless of— (A) train composition