; (iv) property damage from increased sea level rise, flooding, wildfires, and frequency and severity of extreme weather events; (v) the value of ecosystem services; and (vi) any other type of economic, social, political, or natural disruption; (M) the term transition risks means financial risks that are attributable to climate change mitigation and adaptation, including efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and strengthen resilience to the impacts of climate change, including— (i) costs relating to— (I) international treaties and agreements; (II) Federal, State, and local policy; (III) new technologies; (IV) changing markets; (V) reputational impacts relevant to changing consumer behavior; and (VI) litigation; and (ii) assets that may lose value or become stranded due to any of the costs described in subclauses (I) through (VI) of clause (i); and (N) the term value chain — (i) means the total lifecycle of a product or service, both before and after production of the product or service, as applicable; and (ii) may include the sourcing of materials, production, and disposal with respect to the product or service described in clause (i). (2) Findings Congress finds that— (A) long-term financial and economic risks and opportunities relating to climate change, and the national and global reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, constitute information that issuers— (i) may reasonably expect to affect shareholder decisionmaking; and (ii) should regularly identify, evaluate, and disclose; and (B) the disclosure of information described in subparagraph (A) should— (i) identify, and evaluate the potential financial impact of, physical risks and transition risks posed by climate change; (ii) allow for intra- and cross-industry comparison, to the extent practicable, of climate-related risk exposure through the inclusion of standardized industry-specific and sector-specific disclosure metrics, as identified by the Commission, in consultation with the appropriate climate principals