; and (B) if the permit is approved, all costs incurred, or expected to be incurred, by the Secretary as a direct result of the conduct of the activity for which the permit is issued. (3) Use of fees Amounts collected by the Secretary in the form of fees under this section may be used by the Secretary for issuing and administering permits under this section. (4) Waiver or reduction of fees For any fee assessed under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Secretary may— (A) accept in-kind contributions in lieu of a fee