; or (2) be construed as limiting, altering, modifying, or amending any of the interstate compacts or equitable apportionment decrees that apportion water among and between States. 424. Methane emissions (a) In general Title I of the Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management Act of 1982 ( 30 U.S.C. 1711 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: 118. Gas waste reduction and enhancement of gas measuring and reporting (a) Rules for preventing and reducing waste of gas via venting, flaring, and fugitive releases (1) Requirement to issue rules The Secretary shall issue rules that establish requirements for reducing and preventing the waste of gas, including by venting, flaring, and fugitive releases, from covered operations. (2) Content of rules The rules shall— (A) require that 99 percent of all gas produced that is subject to a mineral leasing law be captured annually within 5 years after the enactment of the Sustainable Energy Development Reform Act ; (B) require flaring of gas, rather than venting, in all instances in which gas capture is not viable; (C) require that every application for a permit to drill a production well— (i) demonstrate sufficient infrastructure is in place to capture produced gas; and (ii) be subject to public comments for a period of 30 days; (D) prohibit all new wells from flaring, within 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Sustainable Energy Development Reform Act ; (E) require the operator of any covered operation that routinely flares gas before the effective date of the prohibition under subparagraph (D) to submit a gas capture plan to the Secretary no later than 6 months after such effective date that ensures the requirement in subparagraph (A) will be met; (F) require the operator of any covered operation that routinely flares gas before the effective date of the prohibition under subparagraph (D) to demonstrate a yearly decrease in the amount of gas flared, as a fraction of gas produced, to meet the requirement under subparagraph (A)