1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Comprehensive TB Elimination Act of 2018 . 2. National strategy for combating and eliminating tuberculosis (a) In general Section 317E of the Public Health Service Act ( 42 U.S.C. 247b–6 ) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)— (A) by striking The Secretary and inserting the following: (1) Grants The Secretary ; and (B) by adding at the end the following: (2) Priority In making grants under this subsection, the Secretary may give priority to awarding grants to State health departments proposing to focus on the prevention, control, and elimination of tuberculosis in high-risk populations, including foreign-born, homeless, incarcerated, HIV-tuberculosis coinfected, and medically underserved populations. ; (2) in subsection (b)— (A) in paragraph (3)— (i) in subparagraph (C), by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as subclauses (I) and (II), respectively, and adjusting the margins accordingly; and (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (F) as clauses (i) through (vi), respectively, and adjusting the margins accordingly; (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (8) as subparagraphs (A) through (H), respectively, and adjusting the margins accordingly; (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), as so redesignated, by striking With respect to and inserting the following: (1) In general With respect to ; (D) by striking subparagraph (B), as so redesignated, and inserting the following: (B) Research, investigations, experiments, demonstrations, and studies in the health sciences that are related to— (i) the development of new therapeutics, including vaccines and antimicrobial drugs, to prevent and treat tuberculosis; (ii) novel therapeutics for special populations, including pediatric populations, immunosuppressed individuals, and pregnant women; (iii) the development or testing of medical diagnostics to detect tuberculosis