; (C) materially alter the budgetary impact of entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients thereof; or (D) raise novel legal or policy issues. (8) supporting information includes data, studies, formulas, models, and scientific, technical, and economic findings. . I Process improvements 111. Data transparency and quality (a) In general Subchapter I of chapter 201 is amended by adding at the end the following: 20122. Data transparency and quality (a) Data transparency (1) Open government Not later than the date on which any proposed rule is published under this subtitle, the Secretary of Transportation shall place, in the appropriate docket, all supporting information used by the Department of Transportation in relation to such proposed rule and any associated analyses. (2) Accessibility The supporting information and analyses described in paragraph (1) shall be published on a public website and accessible electronically. (3) Rule of construction Nothing in this subsection may be construed to require the release of security-sensitive information or confidential business information. (b) Data quality (1) Minimum standard The Secretary shall base each determination whether to propose or adopt a rule under this subtitle on the best reasonably obtainable supporting information, and any associated analysis, concerning— (A) the need to be addressed; (B) how the rule addresses the need; and (C) the effects, including the benefits and costs, of the rule. (2) Sound science To the maximum extent practicable, the best reasonably obtainable supporting information shall include— (A) up-to-date and relevant data; (B) appropriately validated models and formulas; (C) independent, peer-reviewed— (i) studies, including, where appropriate, statistically significant findings; and (ii) scientific, technical, and economic findings, including, where appropriate, statistically significant findings