pickups and delivery, improved travel time reliability, reduced fuel consumption, and reduced labor and vehicle maintenance costs. (J) Strategic business models and partnering opportunities Creative strategic partnerships that draw in stakeholders, including private sector, nonprofit, foundation, philanthropic, academia, and other public agencies, to advance SMART grant solutions. (K) Smart grid, roadway electrification, and electric vehicles Strategies and initiatives that leverage the smart grid (a programmable and efficient energy transmission and distribution system) in an effort to support the adoption or expansion of roadway electrification, and electric vehicle deployment. Interactions between electric vehicles and intelligent transportation systems with the smart grid should be explored and utilized. (L) Synchronization of technology Strategies and initiatives that utilize technology to enhance public interaction with transportation systems and increase intermodal efficiency, such as broadband or Wi-Fi access. (M) Connected, involved citizens Strategies, local campaigns, and processes to proactively engage and inform citizens at the individual level by deploying hardware, software, and open data platforms in an effort to increase personal mobility. (2) Eligible project costs A SMART grant may be used for— (A) development phase activities, including a reasonable amount of funding, as determined by the Secretary, for— (i) planning