under such countries' laws using all applicable laws of the United States. (b) Best practice guidelines The Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the heads of appropriate Federal agencies, may publish and update best practices guidelines to assist persons in developing and implementing, on a voluntary basis, effective export control programs in compliance with the Export Administration Regulations. (c) Confidentiality of information (1) Exemptions from disclosure (A) In general Information obtained under the Export Administration Act of 1979 ( 50 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.) (as continued in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)) may be withheld from disclosure only to the extent permitted by statute, except that information described in subparagraph (B) shall be withheld from public disclosure and shall not be subject to disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code, unless the release of such information is determined by the Secretary to be in the national interest. (B) Information described Information described in this subparagraph is information submitted or obtained in connection with an application for a license or other authorization to export, reexport, or transfer items or engage in other activities, a recordkeeping or reporting requirement, enforcement activity, or other operations under the Export Administration Act of 1979, including— (i) the license application, license, or other authorization itself