to restraint and seclusion at higher rates than adults. Physical restraint which restricts breathing or causes other physical trauma, as well as seclusion in the absence of continuous face-to-face monitoring, have resulted in the deaths of children in schools. (7) Children are protected from inappropriate restraint and the use of seclusion in other settings, such as hospitals, health facilities, and nonmedical community-based facilities. Similar protections are needed in schools, yet such protections must be established in a manner that acknowledges the differences of the school environment. (8) Research confirms that restraint and seclusion are not therapeutic, nor are these practices effective means to calm, discipline, or teach children. Restraint and seclusion may have an opposite effect, while simultaneously decreasing a child’s ability to learn. (9) The effective implementation of schoolwide positive behavior supports is linked to greater academic achievement, significantly fewer disciplinary problems, increased instruction time, and staff perception of a safer teaching environment. (10) The Every Student Succeeds Act ( Public Law 114–95 ), a bipartisan reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 6301 et seq.) passed in 2015, requires States to support local educational agencies in improving school conditions through reducing the use of aversive behavioral interventions. The report issued by the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate regarding the Every Student Succeeds Act described aversive behavioral interventions as including seclusion and restraint. There is bipartisan agreement that schools must reduce seclusion and restraint to improve school conditions for all children. 3. Purposes The purposes of this Act are to— (1) prohibit seclusion in schools