; and (B) warnings and forecasts of lava flow advancement in Hawaii during the ongoing eruption of Kilauea; (11) the United States Geological Survey and university and State partners of the United States Geological Survey operate— (A) the Alaska Volcano Observatory located in Anchorage and Fairbanks, Alaska; (B) the Cascades Volcano Observatory located in Vancouver, Washington; (C) the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory located in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park, Hawaii; (D) the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory located in Yellowstone National Park in the States of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho; and (E) the California Volcano Observatory, located in Menlo Park, California; and (12) a detailed survey of the volcanoes in the United States and the monitoring status of those volcanoes has revealed numerous serious monitoring gaps, leaving the United States exposed to preventable damage from large volcanic eruptions. 3. Definitions In this Act: (1) Secretary The term Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of the United States Geological Survey. (2) System The term System means the National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System established under section 4(a)(1). 4. National volcano early warning and monitoring system (a) Establishment (1) In general The Secretary shall establish within the United States Geological Survey a system, to be known as the National Volcano Early Warning and Monitoring System , to monitor, warn, and protect citizens of the United States from undue and avoidable harm from volcanic activity. (2) Purposes The purposes of the System are— (A) to organize, modernize, standardize, and stabilize the monitoring systems of the volcano observatories in the United States, which includes the Alaska Volcano Observatory, California Volcano Observatory, Cascades Volcano Observatory, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, and Yellowstone Volcano Observatory