NASA define a series of sustainable steps and conduct mission planning and technology development as needed to achieve the long-term goal of placing humans on the surface of Mars. (7) Expanding human presence beyond low-Earth orbit and advancing toward human missions to Mars requires early planning and timely decisions to be made in the near-term on the necessary courses of action for commitments to achieve short-term and long-term goals and objectives. (8) In addition to the 2014 report described in paragraph (1), there are several independently developed reports or concepts that describe potential Mars architectures or concepts and identify Mars as the long-term goal for human space exploration, including NASA's The Global Exploration Roadmap of 2013, NASA's Journey to Mars–Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration of 2015, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Minimal Architecture for Human Journeys to Mars of 2015, and Explore Mars' The Humans to Mars Report 2016 . 432. Human exploration roadmap (a) Sense of Congress It is the sense of Congress that— (1) expanding human presence beyond low-Earth orbit and advancing toward human missions to Mars in the 2030s requires early strategic planning and timely decisions to be made in the near-term on the necessary courses of action for commitments to achieve short-term and long-term goals and objectives