; or (B) the offense occurs in or affects the interstate or foreign commerce of the United States. 5. Criminal penalties (a) In general Whoever violates any provision of section 4 shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment for not more than five years and, if the person is an individual, fined $100,000, or $250,000 if the defendant is other than an individual. (b) Conspiracy Whoever, as part of a group of five or more persons, violates section 4 shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment for not more than ten years and, if the person is an individual, fined $250,000, or $1,000,000 if the defendant is other than an individual. (c) Seizure and forfeiture Any property, real or personal, used in violation of the provisions of section 4 may be seized and forfeited to the United States. 6. Civil remedies (a) In general Any person injured in his vocation, business, or property by reason of a violation of section 4 may sue therefor in any appropriate United States district court. If such person is a prevailing party, he or she may recover the cost of the suit, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. (b) Retaliation Any person who has experienced retaliation because of such person’s disclosure of doping fraud in any major international competition may sue the retaliating party or parties therefor in any appropriate United States district court. If such person is a prevailing party, he or she may recover the cost of the suit, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. (c) Contestants Any contestant in a major international competition who was deprived of a financial award or placement in the top three finishers in any major international competition by reason of a violation of section 4 has a private right of action hereunder, and may sue therefor, in any appropriate United States district court and, if he or she prevails, shall recover threefold the damages sustained, together with the cost of the suit, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. (d) Retroactivity The provisions of subsections (a) through (c) shall apply