; or (2) for a vehicle manufacturer that meets or exceeds the minimum required percentage of new zero-emission vehicle sales for the applicable calendar year, as determined under subsection (c), a certification of that compliance, as the Administrator determines to be appropriate. (c) Minimum required annual percentage of new zero-Emission vehicle sales For calendar years 2030 through 2040, in annual increments, the minimum annual percentage of the base quantity of new passenger vehicle sales of a vehicle manufacturer that shall be zero-emission vehicles, or otherwise credited towards the percentage requirement pursuant to subsection (e), shall be the applicable percentage specified in the following table: Minimum Required Annual Percentage of New Zero-Emission Vehicle Sales Calendar Year Percentage 2030 50.0 2031 55.0 2032 60.0 2033 65.0 2034 70.0 2035 75.0 2036 80.0 2037 85.0 2038 90.0 2039 95.0 2040 100.0. (d) Requirement for 2040 and thereafter For calendar year 2040 and each calendar year thereafter, a vehicle manufacturer shall sell only zero-emission vehicles. (e) Zero-Emission vehicle credits (1) In general A vehicle manufacturer may satisfy the requirements of subsection (b) through the submission of zero-emission vehicle credits— (A) issued to the vehicle manufacturer under subsection (f); or (B) obtained by purchase, transfer, or exchange under subsection (g). (2) Limitation A zero-emission vehicle credit may be counted toward compliance with subsection (b) only once. (f) Issuance of zero-Emission vehicle credits (1) In general Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, the Administrator shall establish by rule a program— (A) to verify and issue zero-emission vehicle credits to vehicle manufacturers; (B) to track the sale, transfer, exchange, carry over, and retirement of zero-emission vehicle credits