1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Challenges & Prizes for Climate Act of 2018 . 2. Climate Solutions Challenges (a) Authority Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall establish a program to be known as Climate Solutions Challenges for carrying out prize competitions described under subsection (d) pursuant to section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 ( 15 U.S.C. 3719 ) relating to the climate and energy. (b) Prize committees (1) In general The Secretary shall assemble a prize committee with respect to each prize competition that shall define the scope and detail of, and provide the requirements for, the prize competitions under this section. Such committee shall be composed of— (A) members from the Federal agency, department, or office that most appropriately corresponds with the topic of the prize competition, including— (i) with respect to a prize competition under subsection (c)(4), the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Director of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; and (ii) with respect to a prize competition under subsection (c)(5), the Director of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Director of the National Technical Information Service; and (B) representatives of any other entities, as determined appropriate by the Secretary, including State and local governments and the private sector. (2) Defining topic areas The prize committee may modify and define the scope of the prize areas described under subsection (c), so long as such modification is in accordance with descriptions in such subsection. (3) Incentive for prize competition The prize committee for each prize competition shall determine the incentive for the prize competition. In determining the incentive, the committee shall consider— (A) a cash prize