; (4) the conduct described in subsection (a)— (A) interferes with commercial or other economic activity in which the victim is engaged at the time of the conduct; or (B) otherwise affects interstate or foreign commerce; or (5) the victim is a Federal law enforcement officer. (c) Certification requirement (1) In general No prosecution of any offense described in this section may be undertaken by the United States, except under the certification in writing of the Attorney General, or a designee, that— (A) the State does not have jurisdiction; (B) the State has requested that the Federal Government assume jurisdiction; (C) the verdict or sentence obtained pursuant to State charges left demonstratively unvindicated the Federal interest in protecting the public safety; or (D) a prosecution by the United States is in the public interest and necessary to secure substantial justice. (2) Rule of construction Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to limit the authority of Federal officers, or a Federal grand jury, to investigate possible violations of this section. (d) Definitions In this section: (1) Law enforcement officer The term law enforcement officer means an employee of a governmental or public agency who is authorized by law— (A) to engage in or supervise the prevention, detection, or the investigation of any criminal violation of law; or (B) to engage in or supervise the detention or the incarceration of any person for any criminal violation of law. (2) State The term State means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, or any commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States. . (b) Clerical amendment The table of sections at the beginning of such chapter is amended by adding at the end the following new item: 120. Crimes targeting law enforcement officers. .