1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Wildlife Disease Emergency Act of 2018 . 2. Purposes The purposes of this Act are to— (1) authorize the Secretary of the Interior to identify and declare wildlife disease emergencies; (2) establish a fund through which the Secretary may coordinate rapid response to these emergencies; and (3) prepare for, identify, and address wildlife diseases adversely affecting wildlife populations and biodiversity through strategic and coordinated actions between the Federal agencies and State and local agencies, Indian tribes, and nongovernmental organizations. 3. Definitions In this Act: (1) Committee The term Committee means the Wildlife Disease Committee established under section 6. (2) Fund The term Fund means the Wildlife Disease Emergency Fund established by section 5. (3) Indian tribe The term Indian tribe has the meaning given that term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ( 25 U.S.C. 450b ). (4) Secretary The term Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior. (5) State The term State means any State, the District of Columbia, and any other possession of the United States. (6) Wildlife The term wildlife means any species native to the United States including nondomesticated mammals, fish, birds, amphibians, reptiles, mollusks, and arthropods. (7) Wildlife disease The term wildlife disease means an infectious or noninfectious, pathological condition occurring in a susceptible population of wildlife, that is not zoonotic. (8) Wildlife disease emergency The term wildlife disease emergency means the occurrence of a wildlife disease that— (A) is infectious and caused by a newly discovered pathogen or a known infectious wildlife disease that is expanding its geographic range, the species impacted by the disease, or other recognized impacts of the disease; (B) poses significant threats to the sustainability of wildlife