1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Veteran Employment and Child Care Access Act of 2018 . 2. Child care assistance for veterans receiving certain training or vocational rehabilitation (a) In general Chapter 31 of title 38, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section: 3123. Child care assistance for veterans receiving training or vocational rehabilitation (a) In general (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary shall provide child care assistance to an eligible veteran for any period that the veteran— (A) receives any training or vocational rehabilitation under this chapter, chapter 41, or section 1718, 2021, or 2021A of this title; and (B) is required to travel to and return from a facility for the receipt of such training or vocational rehabilitation. (2) (A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Secretary may only provide child care assistance under paragraph (1)— (i) once for a child; and (ii) for a period shorter than six months. (B) The Secretary may waive the limitations of subparagraph (A) as the Secretary considers appropriate. (b) Eligible veterans For purposes of this section, an eligible veteran is any veteran— (1) who— (A) is the primary caretaker of a child or children; and (B) is— (i) receiving training or vocational rehabilitation described in subsection (a)(1) on a full-time basis; or (ii) in need of such training or vocational rehabilitation on a full-time basis, and but for lack of child care services, would receive such training or vocational rehabilitation on a full-time basis