Whereas wildlife trafficking has more than doubled since 2007 and is now one of the world’s largest transnational crimes with an estimated $20,000,000,000 in illegal profits every year; Whereas according to traditional Chinese beliefs, rhinoceros horn and tiger bones are thought to have medicinal and healing properties; Whereas there appears to be little scientific evidence to support traditional claims of the health benefits of consuming rhinoceros horn or tiger bones; Whereas rhinoceros and tigers are at risk of extinction and are endangered primarily due to poaching driven by high demand for their parts; Whereas transnational criminal organizations and terrorist groups in foreign countries are often engaged in and profiting from poaching and transportation of rhinoceros horns across Africa and Asia; Whereas transnational criminal organizations and terrorist groups engaged in wildlife trafficking also traffic in arms, drugs, and people; Whereas China’s decision to ban the ivory trade and close ivory carving factories in December 2015, which went into full effect in December 2017, was a positive and commendable decision and a significant step for elephant conservation; Whereas China’s State Council, recognizing the endangered status of this wildlife due to poaching, issued a ban involving the sales, purchase, use, and import of rhinoceros horn, tiger bones, and their related products in 1993; Whereas, in October 2018, China proposed a directive that would allow exceptions to this ban for medical and scientific research; Whereas the directive would permit the sale, import, and export of rhinoceros horn and tiger bone classified as cultural relics, pending the authorization of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the State Administration of Cultural Heritage; Whereas, on November 12, 2018, China postponed the lifting of the ban on rhinoceros horn and tiger bone for medical and scientific research due to international pressure, particularly from conservation groups