; and (II) by striking $50,000 and inserting $100,000 ; (ii) in subparagraph (B)— (I) by striking $50,000 and inserting $100,000 ; and (II) by striking $250,000 and inserting $500,000 ; and (iii) by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the following: (C) Third tier (i) In general Notwithstanding subparagraphs (A) and (B), the amount of penalty for each such violation shall not exceed the amount specified in clause (ii) if— (I) the violation described in paragraph (1) involved fraud, deceit, manipulation, or deliberate or reckless disregard of a regulatory requirement; and (II) such violation directly or indirectly resulted in substantial losses or created a significant risk of substantial losses to other persons. (ii) Maximum amount of penalty The amount referred to in clause (i) is the greatest of— (I) $300,000 for a natural person or $1,450,000 for any other person; (II) 3 times the gross amount of pecuniary gain to such defendant as a result of the violation