1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Equality in Medicare and Medicaid Treatment Act of 2018 . 2. Improving access to care for Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries Section 1115A of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1315a ) is amended— (1) in subsection (a)(3), by inserting , the causes of health disparities and social determinants of health, after medicine ; (2) in subsection (b)— (A) in paragraph (2)(A), by inserting , as well as improving access to care received by individuals receiving benefits under such title, after title ; (B) in paragraph (2)(C), by adding at the end the following new clauses: (ix) Whether the model will discourage providers of services and supplies from treating high risk patients, patients from minority or rural communities, or women. (x) Whether the model demonstrates reductions in minority and rural health disparities. ; and (C) in paragraph (4)(A)— (i) in clause (i) at the end, by striking and ; (ii) in clause (ii), at the end, by striking the period and inserting ; and ; and (iii) by adding at the end the following new clause: (iii) the extent to which the model improves access to care or the extent to which the model discourages providers from caring for high risk patients, women, patients from racial or ethnic minorities, or patients from rural communities. ; (3) in subsection (c)— (A) in paragraph (2), by striking at the end and ; (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph: (3) the Office of Minority Health of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services certifies that such expansion will not reduce access to care for women, low-income, minority, or rural beneficiaries; and ; (D) in paragraph (4), as redesignated by subparagraph (B), by inserting before the period at the end the following: nor increase health disparities experienced by women, low-income, minority, or rural beneficiaries