; (2) the development and dissemination of best practices for reducing the likelihood of civilian casualties from United States military operations; (3) the development of a publicly available Internet portal for the submittal of allegations of civilian casualties resulting from United States military operations; (4) uniform processes and standards across the combatant commands for reviewing and investigating allegations of civilian casualties resulting from United States military operations, including the consideration of relevant information from all available sources; (5) uniform processes and standards across the combatant commands for— (A) acknowledging the responsibility of the United States military for civilian casualties resulting from United States military operations; and (B) offering ex gratia payments to civilians who have been injured, or to the families of civilians killed, as a result of United States military operations, as determined to be necessary by the designated senior civilian official; (6) regular engagement with relevant intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations; and (7) public affairs guidance with respect to matters relating to civilian casualties alleged or confirmed to have resulted from United States military operations; and (8) such other matters with respect to civilian casualties resulting from United States military operations as the designated senior civilian official considers appropriate. (c) Report Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the senior civilian official designated under subsection (a) shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report that describes— (1) the policy developed by the senior civilian official under that subsection