; and (iii) a description of the extent to which the activities of independent charity patient assistance programs, which are sponsored by, or receive funding from, pharmaceutical manufacturers (as determined using tax returns, sales data, and other public disclosures) provide a financial benefit to the manufacturers that sponsor them. (C) Oversight that is conducted to ensure that independent charity patient assistance programs adhere to guidance from the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services on avoiding waste, fraud, and abuse. (2) Definitions In this subsection, the terms “patient assistance”, “independent charity patient assistance program”, “manufacturer”, and “manufacturer patient assistance program” have the meaning given those terms under section 399V–7 of the Public Health Service Act, as added by section 101. (3) Report Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report describing the findings of the study required under this subsection. II Access and affordability 201. Negotiating fair prices for Medicare prescription drugs (a) Negotiating fair prices (1) In general Section 1860D–11 of the Social Security Act ( 42 U.S.C. 1395w–111 ) is amended by striking subsection (i) (relating to noninterference) and by inserting the following: (i) Negotiating fair prices with drug manufacturers (1) In general Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in furtherance of the goals of providing quality care and containing costs under this part, the Secretary shall, with respect to applicable covered part D drugs, and may, with respect to other covered part D drugs, negotiate, using the negotiation technique or techniques that the Secretary determines will maximize savings and value to the government for prescription drug plans and MA–PD plans and for plan enrollees (in a manner that may be similar to Federal entities and that may include, but is not limited to, formularies,