; (B) technologies and management strategies to control the environmental impacts of radionuclides in ore tailings; and (C) technologies for separation and processing; (2) technologies or process improvements that minimize the use, or lead to more efficient use, of critical minerals across the full supply chain; (3) technologies, process improvements, or design optimizations that facilitate the recycling of critical minerals, and options for improving the rates of collection of products and scrap containing critical minerals from post-consumer, industrial, or other waste streams; (4) commercial markets, advanced storage methods, energy applications, and other beneficial uses of critical minerals processing byproducts; (5) alternative minerals, metals, and materials, particularly those available in abundance within the United States and not subject to potential supply restrictions, that lessen the need for critical minerals; and (6) alternative energy technologies or alternative designs of existing energy technologies, particularly those that use minerals that— (A) occur in abundance in the United States