; and (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate. (2) Defense articles; defense services The terms defense articles and defense services mean those items on the United States Munitions List as defined in section 47(7) of the Arms Export Control Act ( 22 U.S.C. 2794 note). (3) Missile The term missile means a category I system as defined in the MTCR Annex. (4) Missile technology control regime; MTCR The term Missile Technology Control Regime or MTCR means the policy statement, between the United States, the United Kingdom, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Italy, Canada, and Japan, announced on April 16, 1987, to restrict sensitive missile-relevant transfers based on the MTCR Annex, and any amendments thereto. (5) MTCR adherent The term MTCR adherent means a country that participates in the MTCR or that, pursuant to an international understanding to which the United States is a party, controls MTCR equipment or technology in accordance with the criteria and standards set forth in the MTCR. (6) MTCR annex The term MTCR Annex means the Guidelines and Equipment and Technology Annex of the MTCR, and any amendments thereto. (7) Missile equipment or technology; MTCR equipment or technology The terms missile equipment or technology and MTCR equipment or technology mean those items listed in category I or category II of the MTCR Annex. 302. Chemical and biological weapons proliferation sanctions (a) Imposition of sanctions (1) Determination by the President Except as provided in subsection (b)(2), the President shall impose the sanction described in subsection (c) if the President determines that a foreign person has knowingly and materially contributed— (A) through the export from the United States of any item that is subject to the jurisdiction of the United States under this title