; and (2) striking through 2018 and inserting through 2022 . (b) Adequacy of resources Not later than January 31, 2019, and each year thereafter for five years, the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration shall annually assess whether the number of Visible Intermodal Prevention and Response (VIPR) teams is adequate to respond to requests for collaboration from public and private sector stakeholders and to carry out counterterrorism activities with respect to United States transportation systems. (c) Performance measures Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration shall develop a system of qualitative performance measures and objectives by which to assess the roles, activities, and effectiveness of VIPR team operations on an ongoing basis, including a mechanism through which transportation entities may submit feedback on VIPR team operations involving the systems or facilities of such entities. (d) Interoperability Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration shall develop a plan to ensure interoperable communications among and within VIPR teams and between VIPR teams and, to the extent practicable, transportation entities with systems or facilities involved in VIPR team operations. 104. Explosives detection canine teams for surface transportation security (a) Increased capacity Not later than two years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall increase by at least 200 the number of State and local law enforcement-led explosives detection canine teams trained and certified by the Transportation Security Administration that are dedicated to surface transportation security. (b) Deployment Explosives detection canine teams trained and certified under subsection (a) shall be deployed to surface transportation assets in a risk-based manner, to address specific threats, or on an