1. Short title This Act may be cited as the Fossil Energy Utilization, Enhancement, and Leadership Act of 2018 . 2. Fossil energy Section 961(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16291(a) ) is amended by adding at the end the following: (8) Improving the conversion, use, and storage of carbon dioxide produced from fossil fuels. . 3. Establishment of coal technology program The Energy Policy Act of 2005 is amended by striking section 962 ( 42 U.S.C. 16292 ) and inserting the following: 962. Coal technology program (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Large-scale pilot project The term large-scale pilot project means a pilot project that— (A) represents the scale of technology development beyond laboratory development and bench scale testing, but not yet advanced to the point of being tested under real operational conditions at commercial scale; (B) represents the scale of technology necessary to gain the operational data needed to understand the technical and performance risks of the technology before the application of that technology at commercial scale or in commercial-scale demonstration; and (C) is large enough— (i) to validate scaling factors; and (ii) to demonstrate the interaction between major components so that control philosophies for a new process can be developed and enable the technology to advance from large-scale pilot plant application to commercial-scale demonstration or application. (2) Net-negative carbon dioxide emissions project The term net-negative carbon dioxide emissions project means a project— (A) that employs a technology for thermochemical coconversion of coal and biomass fuels that— (i) uses a carbon capture system; and (ii) with carbon dioxide removal, the Secretary determines can provide electricity, fuels, or chemicals with net-negative carbon dioxide emissions from production and consumption of the end products, while removing atmospheric carbon dioxide