; (3) the child is a danger to himself, herself, or others, as determined by a State court or an official from a State or county child welfare agency in his or her official and undelegated capacity; or (4) there is a strong likelihood that the adult is not the apprehended parent or legal guardian of the child. 4. DNA testing (a) Use of other techniques Before utilizing DNA testing to determine family relationships, DHS and HHS shall use other techniques commonly utilized by United States courts for determining family relationships, including official documents, representations from a witness, parent, relative, or child, and observations of interactions between the adult and the child. (b) DNA testing (1) In general DNA testing may not be required as a condition of reunification if alternative means of demonstrating a familial relationship have been established. If reasonable suspicions remain about a familial relationship after exhausting the techniques referred to in subsection (a), DNA testing may be used. (2) Protocols DHS and HHS shall develop protocols for establishing a familial relationship if an individual does not want to consent to DNA testing or may not have a biological relationship with a child. (3) Type of test Whenever DNA testing is used, DHS and HHS shall use the least privacy-invasive type of DNA test available to confirm the claimed relationship and may not charge the child or apprehended parent or legal guardian for the costs of conducting such testing. (4) Consent DHS and HHS shall— (A) obtain the consent of any individual older than 18 years of age before conducting a DNA test; (B) make every effort to obtain the consent of a legal guardian before conducting a DNA test on anyone younger than 18 years of age