to the Virgin Islands and to Guam in amounts equal to the aggregate loss to the Virgin Islands or Guam, as the case may be, by reason of the application of this section with respect to taxable years beginning after 2016. Such amounts shall be determined by the Secretary based on information provided by the Virgin Islands and Guam. For purposes of section 1324(b)(2) of title 31, United States Code, the payments under this subsection shall be treated in the same manner as a refund due from the credit allowed under this section. . (c) Effective date The amendments made by this section shall apply with respect to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2016. 4. Study and report regarding Virgin Islands public pension plans Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries established under section 3041 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ( 29 U.S.C. 1241 ) shall report to the Office of Domestic Finance of the Department of the Treasury on recommendations on actions that would be necessary to ensure that the public pension plans of the Virgin Islands can be sustainably maintained and funded by the government of the Virgin Islands for the next 20 years.