content: #
  # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
  # contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
  # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
  # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
  # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
  # the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  #
  #    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  #
  # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  # limitations under the License.
  #
  
  from __future__ import print_function
  import sys
  import warnings
  from functools import reduce
  from threading import RLock
  
  if sys.version >= '3':
      basestring = unicode = str
  else:
      from itertools import imap as map
  
  from pyspark import since
  from pyspark.rdd import RDD, ignore_unicode_prefix
  from pyspark.sql.catalog import Catalog
  from pyspark.sql.conf import RuntimeConfig
  from pyspark.sql.dataframe import DataFrame
  from pyspark.sql.readwriter import DataFrameReader
  from pyspark.sql.streaming import DataStreamReader
  from pyspark.sql.types import Row, DataType, StringType, StructType, _verify_type, \
      _infer_schema, _has_nulltype, _merge_type, _create_converter, _parse_datatype_string
  from pyspark.sql.utils import install_exception_handler
  
  __all__ = ["SparkSession"]
  
  
  def _monkey_patch_RDD(sparkSession):
      def toDF(self, schema=None, sampleRatio=None):
          """
          Converts current :class:`RDD` into a :class:`DataFrame`
  
          This is a shorthand for ``spark.createDataFrame(rdd, schema, sampleRatio)``
  
          :param schema: a :class:`pyspark.sql.types.StructType` or list of names of columns
          :param samplingRatio: the sample ratio of rows used for inferring
          :return: a DataFrame
  
          >>> rdd.toDF().collect()
          [Row(name=u'Alice', age=1)]
          """
          return sparkSession.createDataFrame(self, schema, sampleRatio)
  
      RDD.toDF = toDF
  
  
  class SparkSession(object):
      """The entry point to programming Spark with the Dataset and DataFrame API.
  
      A SparkSession can be used create :class:`DataFrame`, register :class:`DataFrame` as
      tables, execute SQL over tables, cache tables, and read parquet files.
      To create a SparkSession, use the following builder pattern:
  
      >>> spark = SparkSession.builder \\
      ...     .master("local") \\
      ...     .appName("Word Count") \\
      ...     .config("spark.some.config.option", "some-value") \\
      ...     .getOrCreate()
      """
  
      class Builder(object):
          """Builder for :class:`SparkSession`.
          """
  
          _lock = RLock()
          _options = {}
  
          @since(2.0)
          def config(self, key=None, value=None, conf=None):
              """Sets a config option. Options set using this method are automatically propagated to
              both :class:`SparkConf` and :class:`SparkSession`'s own configuration.
  
              For an existing SparkConf, use `conf` parameter.
  
              >>> from pyspark.conf import SparkConf
              >>> SparkSession.builder.config(conf=SparkConf())
              <pyspark.sql.session...
  
              For a (key, value) pair, you can omit parameter names.
  
              >>> SparkSession.builder.config("spark.some.config.option", "some-value")
              <pyspark.sql.session...
  
              :param key: a key name string for configuration property
              :param value: a value for configuration property
              :param conf: an instance of :class:`SparkConf`
              """
              with self._lock:
                  if conf is None:
                      self._options[key] = str(value)
                  else:
                      for (k, v) in conf.getAll():
                          self._options[k] = v
                  return self
  
          @since(2.0)
          def master(self, master):
              """Sets the Spark master URL to connect to, such as "local" to run locally, "local[4]"
              to run locally with 4 cores, or "spark://master:7077" to run on a Spark standalone
              cluster.
  
              :param master: a url for spark master
              """
              return self.config("spark.master", master)
  
          @since(2.0)
          def appName(self, name):
              """Sets a name for the application, which will be shown in the Spark web UI.
  
              If no application name is set, a randomly generated name will be used.
  
              :param name: an application name
              """
              return self.config("spark.app.name", name)
  
          @since(2.0)
          def enableHiveSupport(self):
              """Enables Hive support, including connectivity to a persistent Hive metastore, support
              for Hive serdes, and Hive user-defined functions.
              """
              return self.config("spark.sql.catalogImplementation", "hive")
  
          @since(2.0)
          def getOrCreate(self):
              """Gets an existing :class:`SparkSession` or, if there is no existing one, creates a
              new one based on the options set in this builder.
  
              This method first checks whether there is a valid global default SparkSession, and if
              yes, return that one. If no valid global default SparkSession exists, the method
              creates a new SparkSession and assigns the newly created SparkSession as the global
              default.
  
              >>> s1 = SparkSession.builder.config("k1", "v1").getOrCreate()
              >>> s1.conf.get("k1") == s1.sparkContext.getConf().get("k1") == "v1"
              True
  
              In case an existing SparkSession is returned, the config options specified
              in this builder will be applied to the existing SparkSession.
  
              >>> s2 = SparkSession.builder.config("k2", "v2").getOrCreate()
              >>> s1.conf.get("k1") == s2.conf.get("k1")
              True
              >>> s1.conf.get("k2") == s2.conf.get("k2")
              True
              """
              with self._lock:
                  from pyspark.context import SparkContext
                  from pyspark.conf import SparkConf
                  session = SparkSession._instantiatedSession
                  if session is None or session._sc._jsc is None:
                      sparkConf = SparkConf()
                      for key, value in self._options.items():
                          sparkConf.set(key, value)
                      sc = SparkContext.getOrCreate(sparkConf)
                      # This SparkContext may be an existing one.
                      for key, value in self._options.items():
                          # we need to propagate the confs
                          # before we create the SparkSession. Otherwise, confs like
                          # warehouse path and metastore url will not be set correctly (
                          # these confs cannot be changed once the SparkSession is created).
                          sc._conf.set(key, value)
                      session = SparkSession(sc)
                  for key, value in self._options.items():
                      session._jsparkSession.sessionState().conf().setConfString(key, value)
                  for key, value in self._options.items():
                      session.sparkContext._conf.set(key, value)
                  return session
  
      builder = Builder()
  
      _instantiatedSession = None
  
      @ignore_unicode_prefix
      def __init__(self, sparkContext, jsparkSession=None):
          """Creates a new SparkSession.
  
          >>> from datetime import datetime
          >>> spark = SparkSession(sc)
          >>> allTypes = sc.parallelize([Row(i=1, s="string", d=1.0, l=1,
          ...     b=True, list=[1, 2, 3], dict={"s": 0}, row=Row(a=1),
          ...     time=datetime(2014, 8, 1, 14, 1, 5))])
          >>> df = allTypes.toDF()
          >>> df.createOrReplaceTempView("allTypes")
          >>> spark.sql('select i+1, d+1, not b, list[1], dict["s"], time, row.a '
          ...            'from allTypes where b and i > 0').collect()
          [Row((i + CAST(1 AS BIGINT))=2, (d + CAST(1 AS DOUBLE))=2.0, (NOT b)=False, list[1]=2, \
              dict[s]=0, time=datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 1, 14, 1, 5), a=1)]
          >>> df.rdd.map(lambda x: (x.i, x.s, x.d, x.l, x.b, x.time, x.row.a, x.list)).collect()
          [(1, u'string', 1.0, 1, True, datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 1, 14, 1, 5), 1, [1, 2, 3])]
          """
          from pyspark.sql.context import SQLContext
          self._sc = sparkContext
          self._jsc = self._sc._jsc
          self._jvm = self._sc._jvm
          if jsparkSession is None:
              jsparkSession = self._jvm.SparkSession(self._jsc.sc())
          self._jsparkSession = jsparkSession
          self._jwrapped = self._jsparkSession.sqlContext()
          self._wrapped = SQLContext(self._sc, self, self._jwrapped)
          _monkey_patch_RDD(self)
          install_exception_handler()
          # If we had an instantiated SparkSession attached with a SparkContext
          # which is stopped now, we need to renew the instantiated SparkSession.
          # Otherwise, we will use invalid SparkSession when we call Builder.getOrCreate.
          if SparkSession._instantiatedSession is None \
                  or SparkSession._instantiatedSession._sc._jsc is None:
              SparkSession._instantiatedSession = self
  
      def _repr_html_(self):
          return """
              <div>
                  <p><b>SparkSession - {catalogImplementation}</b></p>
                  {sc_HTML}
              </div>
          """.format(
              catalogImplementation=self.conf.get("spark.sql.catalogImplementation"),
              sc_HTML=self.sparkContext._repr_html_()
          )
  
      @since(2.0)
      def newSession(self):
          """
          Returns a new SparkSession as new session, that has separate SQLConf,
          registered temporary views and UDFs, but shared SparkContext and
          table cache.
          """
          return self.__class__(self._sc, self._jsparkSession.newSession())
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def sparkContext(self):
          """Returns the underlying :class:`SparkContext`."""
          return self._sc
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def version(self):
          """The version of Spark on which this application is running."""
          return self._jsparkSession.version()
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def conf(self):
          """Runtime configuration interface for Spark.
  
          This is the interface through which the user can get and set all Spark and Hadoop
          configurations that are relevant to Spark SQL. When getting the value of a config,
          this defaults to the value set in the underlying :class:`SparkContext`, if any.
          """
          if not hasattr(self, "_conf"):
              self._conf = RuntimeConfig(self._jsparkSession.conf())
          return self._conf
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def catalog(self):
          """Interface through which the user may create, drop, alter or query underlying
          databases, tables, functions etc.
          """
          if not hasattr(self, "_catalog"):
              self._catalog = Catalog(self)
          return self._catalog
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def udf(self):
          """Returns a :class:`UDFRegistration` for UDF registration.
  
          :return: :class:`UDFRegistration`
          """
          from pyspark.sql.context import UDFRegistration
          return UDFRegistration(self._wrapped)
  
      @since(2.0)
      def range(self, start, end=None, step=1, numPartitions=None):
          """
          Create a :class:`DataFrame` with single :class:`pyspark.sql.types.LongType` column named
          ``id``, containing elements in a range from ``start`` to ``end`` (exclusive) with
          step value ``step``.
  
          :param start: the start value
          :param end: the end value (exclusive)
          :param step: the incremental step (default: 1)
          :param numPartitions: the number of partitions of the DataFrame
          :return: :class:`DataFrame`
  
          >>> spark.range(1, 7, 2).collect()
          [Row(id=1), Row(id=3), Row(id=5)]
  
          If only one argument is specified, it will be used as the end value.
  
          >>> spark.range(3).collect()
          [Row(id=0), Row(id=1), Row(id=2)]
          """
          if numPartitions is None:
              numPartitions = self._sc.defaultParallelism
  
          if end is None:
              jdf = self._jsparkSession.range(0, int(start), int(step), int(numPartitions))
          else:
              jdf = self._jsparkSession.range(int(start), int(end), int(step), int(numPartitions))
  
          return DataFrame(jdf, self._wrapped)
  
      def _inferSchemaFromList(self, data):
          """
          Infer schema from list of Row or tuple.
  
          :param data: list of Row or tuple
          :return: :class:`pyspark.sql.types.StructType`
          """
          if not data:
              raise ValueError("can not infer schema from empty dataset")
          first = data[0]
          if type(first) is dict:
              warnings.warn("inferring schema from dict is deprecated,"
                            "please use pyspark.sql.Row instead")
          schema = reduce(_merge_type, map(_infer_schema, data))
          if _has_nulltype(schema):
              raise ValueError("Some of types cannot be determined after inferring")
          return schema
  
      def _inferSchema(self, rdd, samplingRatio=None):
          """
          Infer schema from an RDD of Row or tuple.
  
          :param rdd: an RDD of Row or tuple
          :param samplingRatio: sampling ratio, or no sampling (default)
          :return: :class:`pyspark.sql.types.StructType`
          """
          first = rdd.first()
          if not first:
              raise ValueError("The first row in RDD is empty, "
                               "can not infer schema")
          if type(first) is dict:
              warnings.warn("Using RDD of dict to inferSchema is deprecated. "
                            "Use pyspark.sql.Row instead")
  
          if samplingRatio is None:
              schema = _infer_schema(first)
              if _has_nulltype(schema):
                  for row in rdd.take(100)[1:]:
                      schema = _merge_type(schema, _infer_schema(row))
                      if not _has_nulltype(schema):
                          break
                  else:
                      raise ValueError("Some of types cannot be determined by the "
                                       "first 100 rows, please try again with sampling")
          else:
              if samplingRatio < 0.99:
                  rdd = rdd.sample(False, float(samplingRatio))
              schema = rdd.map(_infer_schema).reduce(_merge_type)
          return schema
  
      def _createFromRDD(self, rdd, schema, samplingRatio):
          """
          Create an RDD for DataFrame from an existing RDD, returns the RDD and schema.
          """
          if schema is None or isinstance(schema, (list, tuple)):
              struct = self._inferSchema(rdd, samplingRatio)
              converter = _create_converter(struct)
              rdd = rdd.map(converter)
              if isinstance(schema, (list, tuple)):
                  for i, name in enumerate(schema):
                      struct.fields[i].name = name
                      struct.names[i] = name
              schema = struct
  
          elif not isinstance(schema, StructType):
              raise TypeError("schema should be StructType or list or None, but got: %s" % schema)
  
          # convert python objects to sql data
          rdd = rdd.map(schema.toInternal)
          return rdd, schema
  
      def _createFromLocal(self, data, schema):
          """
          Create an RDD for DataFrame from a list or pandas.DataFrame, returns
          the RDD and schema.
          """
          # make sure data could consumed multiple times
          if not isinstance(data, list):
              data = list(data)
  
          if schema is None or isinstance(schema, (list, tuple)):
              struct = self._inferSchemaFromList(data)
              converter = _create_converter(struct)
              data = map(converter, data)
              if isinstance(schema, (list, tuple)):
                  for i, name in enumerate(schema):
                      struct.fields[i].name = name
                      struct.names[i] = name
              schema = struct
  
          elif not isinstance(schema, StructType):
              raise TypeError("schema should be StructType or list or None, but got: %s" % schema)
  
          # convert python objects to sql data
          data = [schema.toInternal(row) for row in data]
          return self._sc.parallelize(data), schema
  
      @since(2.0)
      @ignore_unicode_prefix
      def createDataFrame(self, data, schema=None, samplingRatio=None, verifySchema=True):
          """
          Creates a :class:`DataFrame` from an :class:`RDD`, a list or a :class:`pandas.DataFrame`.
  
          When ``schema`` is a list of column names, the type of each column
          will be inferred from ``data``.
  
          When ``schema`` is ``None``, it will try to infer the schema (column names and types)
          from ``data``, which should be an RDD of :class:`Row`,
          or :class:`namedtuple`, or :class:`dict`.
  
          When ``schema`` is :class:`pyspark.sql.types.DataType` or a datatype string, it must match
          the real data, or an exception will be thrown at runtime. If the given schema is not
          :class:`pyspark.sql.types.StructType`, it will be wrapped into a
          :class:`pyspark.sql.types.StructType` as its only field, and the field name will be "value",
          each record will also be wrapped into a tuple, which can be converted to row later.
  
          If schema inference is needed, ``samplingRatio`` is used to determined the ratio of
          rows used for schema inference. The first row will be used if ``samplingRatio`` is ``None``.
  
          :param data: an RDD of any kind of SQL data representation(e.g. row, tuple, int, boolean,
              etc.), or :class:`list`, or :class:`pandas.DataFrame`.
          :param schema: a :class:`pyspark.sql.types.DataType` or a datatype string or a list of
              column names, default is ``None``.  The data type string format equals to
              :class:`pyspark.sql.types.DataType.simpleString`, except that top level struct type can
              omit the ``struct<>`` and atomic types use ``typeName()`` as their format, e.g. use
              ``byte`` instead of ``tinyint`` for :class:`pyspark.sql.types.ByteType`. We can also use
              ``int`` as a short name for ``IntegerType``.
          :param samplingRatio: the sample ratio of rows used for inferring
          :param verifySchema: verify data types of every row against schema.
          :return: :class:`DataFrame`
  
          .. versionchanged:: 2.1
             Added verifySchema.
  
          >>> l = [('Alice', 1)]
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(l).collect()
          [Row(_1=u'Alice', _2=1)]
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(l, ['name', 'age']).collect()
          [Row(name=u'Alice', age=1)]
  
          >>> d = [{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 1}]
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(d).collect()
          [Row(age=1, name=u'Alice')]
  
          >>> rdd = sc.parallelize(l)
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(rdd).collect()
          [Row(_1=u'Alice', _2=1)]
          >>> df = spark.createDataFrame(rdd, ['name', 'age'])
          >>> df.collect()
          [Row(name=u'Alice', age=1)]
  
          >>> from pyspark.sql import Row
          >>> Person = Row('name', 'age')
          >>> person = rdd.map(lambda r: Person(*r))
          >>> df2 = spark.createDataFrame(person)
          >>> df2.collect()
          [Row(name=u'Alice', age=1)]
  
          >>> from pyspark.sql.types import *
          >>> schema = StructType([
          ...    StructField("name", StringType(), True),
          ...    StructField("age", IntegerType(), True)])
          >>> df3 = spark.createDataFrame(rdd, schema)
          >>> df3.collect()
          [Row(name=u'Alice', age=1)]
  
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(df.toPandas()).collect()  # doctest: +SKIP
          [Row(name=u'Alice', age=1)]
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(pandas.DataFrame([[1, 2]])).collect()  # doctest: +SKIP
          [Row(0=1, 1=2)]
  
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(rdd, "a: string, b: int").collect()
          [Row(a=u'Alice', b=1)]
          >>> rdd = rdd.map(lambda row: row[1])
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(rdd, "int").collect()
          [Row(value=1)]
          >>> spark.createDataFrame(rdd, "boolean").collect() # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
          Traceback (most recent call last):
              ...
          Py4JJavaError: ...
          """
          if isinstance(data, DataFrame):
              raise TypeError("data is already a DataFrame")
  
          if isinstance(schema, basestring):
              schema = _parse_datatype_string(schema)
  
          try:
              import pandas
              has_pandas = True
          except Exception:
              has_pandas = False
          if has_pandas and isinstance(data, pandas.DataFrame):
              if schema is None:
                  schema = [str(x) for x in data.columns]
              data = [r.tolist() for r in data.to_records(index=False)]
  
          verify_func = _verify_type if verifySchema else lambda _, t: True
          if isinstance(schema, StructType):
              def prepare(obj):
                  verify_func(obj, schema)
                  return obj
          elif isinstance(schema, DataType):
              dataType = schema
              schema = StructType().add("value", schema)
  
              def prepare(obj):
                  verify_func(obj, dataType)
                  return obj,
          else:
              if isinstance(schema, list):
                  schema = [x.encode('utf-8') if not isinstance(x, str) else x for x in schema]
              prepare = lambda obj: obj
  
          if isinstance(data, RDD):
              rdd, schema = self._createFromRDD(data.map(prepare), schema, samplingRatio)
          else:
              rdd, schema = self._createFromLocal(map(prepare, data), schema)
          jrdd = self._jvm.SerDeUtil.toJavaArray(rdd._to_java_object_rdd())
          jdf = self._jsparkSession.applySchemaToPythonRDD(jrdd.rdd(), schema.json())
          df = DataFrame(jdf, self._wrapped)
          df._schema = schema
          return df
  
      @ignore_unicode_prefix
      @since(2.0)
      def sql(self, sqlQuery):
          """Returns a :class:`DataFrame` representing the result of the given query.
  
          :return: :class:`DataFrame`
  
          >>> df.createOrReplaceTempView("table1")
          >>> df2 = spark.sql("SELECT field1 AS f1, field2 as f2 from table1")
          >>> df2.collect()
          [Row(f1=1, f2=u'row1'), Row(f1=2, f2=u'row2'), Row(f1=3, f2=u'row3')]
          """
          return DataFrame(self._jsparkSession.sql(sqlQuery), self._wrapped)
  
      @since(2.0)
      def table(self, tableName):
          """Returns the specified table as a :class:`DataFrame`.
  
          :return: :class:`DataFrame`
  
          >>> df.createOrReplaceTempView("table1")
          >>> df2 = spark.table("table1")
          >>> sorted(df.collect()) == sorted(df2.collect())
          True
          """
          return DataFrame(self._jsparkSession.table(tableName), self._wrapped)
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def read(self):
          """
          Returns a :class:`DataFrameReader` that can be used to read data
          in as a :class:`DataFrame`.
  
          :return: :class:`DataFrameReader`
          """
          return DataFrameReader(self._wrapped)
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def readStream(self):
          """
          Returns a :class:`DataStreamReader` that can be used to read data streams
          as a streaming :class:`DataFrame`.
  
          .. note:: Evolving.
  
          :return: :class:`DataStreamReader`
          """
          return DataStreamReader(self._wrapped)
  
      @property
      @since(2.0)
      def streams(self):
          """Returns a :class:`StreamingQueryManager` that allows managing all the
          :class:`StreamingQuery` StreamingQueries active on `this` context.
  
          .. note:: Evolving.
  
          :return: :class:`StreamingQueryManager`
          """
          from pyspark.sql.streaming import StreamingQueryManager
          return StreamingQueryManager(self._jsparkSession.streams())
  
      @since(2.0)
      def stop(self):
          """Stop the underlying :class:`SparkContext`.
          """
          self._sc.stop()
          SparkSession._instantiatedSession = None
  
      @since(2.0)
      def __enter__(self):
          """
          Enable 'with SparkSession.builder.(...).getOrCreate() as session: app' syntax.
          """
          return self
  
      @since(2.0)
      def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
          """
          Enable 'with SparkSession.builder.(...).getOrCreate() as session: app' syntax.
  
          Specifically stop the SparkSession on exit of the with block.
          """
          self.stop()
  
  
  def _test():
      import os
      import doctest
      from pyspark.context import SparkContext
      from pyspark.sql import Row
      import pyspark.sql.session
  
      os.chdir(os.environ["SPARK_HOME"])
  
      globs = pyspark.sql.session.__dict__.copy()
      sc = SparkContext('local[4]', 'PythonTest')
      globs['sc'] = sc
      globs['spark'] = SparkSession(sc)
      globs['rdd'] = rdd = sc.parallelize(
          [Row(field1=1, field2="row1"),
           Row(field1=2, field2="row2"),
           Row(field1=3, field2="row3")])
      globs['df'] = rdd.toDF()
      (failure_count, test_count) = doctest.testmod(
          pyspark.sql.session, globs=globs,
          optionflags=doctest.ELLIPSIS | doctest.NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE)
      globs['sc'].stop()
      if failure_count:
          exit(-1)
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
      _test()
  