Elections in Hamburg
Introduction  The number of '''elections in Hamburg''' varies. Hamburg has a state election every five years, the elections for the state parliament. There are also elections to the federal diet (the lower house of the federal parliament) of Germany, the local elections of the diet of the boroughs (Bezirksversammlungen) and every five years to the European Parliament. All elections take place by universal adult suffrage and are regulated by law.
Voting system The voting system for the state and local elections is a mixed member proportional representation. In 2007 the constitutional court of Hamburg declared a new form of election threshold for the state parliament elections unconstitutional.
Referendum and citizen's initiative Since 1996 citizen's initiatives or a referendums (''Volksbegehren'' or ''Volksentscheid'') are possible in Hamburg.
History Through political reforms in the 1850s the Hamburg parliament turned from an assembly of delegates into an elected legislative. Franchise and terms were changed several times. Until 1901 elections - each time of one fraction of the seats - were held at three consecutive days, till 1913 at possibly up to four days along the categories of enfranchised male state citizens (with citizenship not by birth, but facultative from a certain minimum of annually accrued taxes on, and obligatory from a certain higher level on) of (1) voters enfranchised due to a certain minimum of accrued taxes (voting since 1904 in a two-round system), (2) enfranchised due to owning land within the state boundary and (3) due to counting to the burgher notables (Notabeln) consisting of former and current incumbents of state and related offices. Being included in all three groups allowed a voter to participate thrice in each election. In 1918 franchise became equal and general including woman, elections were from then on held on one day only. State elections have been held on the following dates: #  Date  Election 1  14 to 21 November 1859  1859 Hamburg state election  2  1861  1861 Hamburg state election 3  1863  1863 Hamburg state election  4  1865  1865 Hamburg state election  5  1867  1867 Hamburg state election  6  1869  1869 Hamburg state election  7  1871  1871 Hamburg state election  8  1873  1873 Hamburg state election  9  1875  1875 Hamburg state election  10  1877  1877 Hamburg state election  11  1880  1880 Hamburg state election  12  1883  1883 Hamburg state election  13  1885  1885 Hamburg state election  14  1887  1887 Hamburg state election  15  1890  1890 Hamburg state election  16  1892  1892 Hamburg state election  17  1894  1894 Hamburg state election  18  1896  1896 Hamburg state election  19  1898  1898 Hamburg state election  20  early 1901  1901 Hamburg state election  21  begin on 13 February 1904  1904 Hamburg state election  22  1907  1907 Hamburg state election  23  1910  1910 Hamburg state election  24  1913  1913 Hamburg state election  25  16 March 1919  1919 Hamburg state election  26  20 February 1921  1921 Hamburg state election  27  26 October 1924  1924 Hamburg state election  28  9 October 1927  1927 Hamburg state election  29  19 February 1928 1928 Hamburg state election  30  27 September 1931  1931 Hamburg state election  31  24 April 1932  1932 Hamburg state election  32  13 October 1946  1946 Hamburg state election  33  16 October 1949    1949 Hamburg state election 34  1 November 1953  1953 Hamburg state election  35  10 November 1957   1957 Hamburg state election  36  12 November 1961  1961 Hamburg state election  37  27 March 1966  1966 Hamburg state election  38  22 March 1970  1970 Hamburg state election  39  3 March 1974  1974 Hamburg state election  40  4 June 1978  1978 Hamburg state election  41  6 June 1982   June 1982 Hamburg state election  42  19 December 1982  December 1982 Hamburg state election  43  9 November 1986   1986 Hamburg state election  44  17 May 1987    1987 Hamburg state election 45  2 June 1991   1991 Hamburg state election  46  19 September 1993  1993 Hamburg state election  47  21 September 1997    1997 Hamburg state election 48  23 September 2001   2001 Hamburg state election 49  29 February 2004  2004 Hamburg state election  50  24 February 2008   2008 Hamburg state election  51  20 February 2011  2011 Hamburg state election  52  15 February 2015   2015 Hamburg state election 53  23 February 2020   2020 Hamburg state election=== Results ===For the election of 2009 (2004) to the European Union there were 1,256,701 (2004: 1.227.905) voters, a turnout of 34.7% (34.9), gave 432,633 (421,029) valid and 3,633 (7,834) invalid votes. For the state election 2008 there were 1,236,671 voters, with a turnout of 63.4% for the first vote (63.5% 2nd vote/party vote) gave 3,723,546 votes for the first vote (direct candidate vote) and 777,531 for the 2nd vote (party vote). Party EU 2009Votes EU 2009Vote % State 2008First Vote State 2008 First Vote % State 2008Party vote (2nd vote) State 2008Party vote (2nd vote) % EU 2004Votes EU 2004Vote % Difference EU 2009 to 2004 in % pts. CDU 128,44329.71,451,74239.0331,06742,6154,69036.7-7.1 SPD 109,76625.41,214,26332.6265,51634.1106,32525.30.1 GRÜNE 88,82320.5508,11813.674,4729.6103,45424.6-4.0 FDP 48,22511.1222,5986.036,9534.822,9915.55.7 DIE LINKE 29,1816.7274,1967.450,1326.411,8722.83.9 Die Tierschutzpartei 2,9050.7 –  –  –  – 3,2370.8-0.1 REP 1,5270.4 –  –  –  – 1,5890.4-0.0 FAMILIE 1,4930.3 –  –  –  – 1,5340.4 -0.0 DIE FRAUEN 8360.2 –  –  –  – 1,3510.3-0.1 Volksabstimmung 7200.2 –  –  –  – 1,2170.3-0.1 PBC 8060.2 –  –  –  – 1,0270.2-0.1 DKP 5210.1 –  –  –  – 9000.2 -0.1 ödp 1,0540,22,0650.19810.16770,20,1 AUFBRUCH 2710.1 –  –  –  – 3950.1-0,0 BüSo 1230.0 –  –  –  – 3150.1-0.0 PSG 1530.0 –  –  –  – 2600.1-0.0 CM 2680.1 –  –  –  – 2550.10.0 50Plus 7630.2 –  –  –  –  –  –  – AUF 3550,1 –  –  –  –  –  –  – BP 1880.0 –  –  –  –  –  –  – DVU 1,5380.4 –  – 6,3540.8 –  –  – DIE GRAUEN 7940.2 –  – 2,3990.3 –  –  – DIE VIOLETTEN 6720.2 –  –  –  –  –  –  – EDE 2350.1 –  –  –  –  –  –  – FBI 2610.1 –  –  –  –  –  –  – VOLKSENTSCHEIDE 6860.2 –  –  –  –  –  –  – FW FREIE WÄHLER 2,5640.6 –  –  –  –  –  –  – Newropeans 4430.1 –  –  –  –  –  –  – PIRATEN 5,0971.22,2070.11,7730.2 –  –  – RRP 1,5450.4 –  –  –  –  –  –  – RENTNER 2,3770.5 –  –  –  –  –  –  – ZENTRUM  –  – 2,5740.16460.1 –  –  – Die PARTEI  –  – 6,6980.21,9580.3 –  –  – Kusch  –  – 29,7460.83,5190.5 –  –  – Others  –  – 7,154 0.2 –  – 8,940 2.1 –
References
External links *  Gesetz über die Wahl zur hamburgischen Bürgerschaft (BüWG) in der Fassung vom 22.Juli 1986