Qadiriyya wa Naqshbandiyya
Introduction Mahmud's grave, buried next to his descendants Mir Jan and Mahmud IICultural site in Lahore, PunjabCultural site in Srinagar, Kashmir'''The Imamiyya-Ridhawiyya-Mahdawiyya-Qadiriyya-Naqshbandiyya-Ishaniyya Line of Succession''' (short: Qadiriyya wa Naqshbandiyya) also known as the '''Sayyid ul Sadatiyya''' (), is a cognatic Sunni line of hereditary succession to Prophet Muhammad and vice-gerency of the 12th Imam Muhammad ibn Hasan al Mahdi in occultation. It is an Orthodox-Sunni school with a central emphasis on the teachings of the Muslim Saint Sayyid Mir Jan. It is furthermore the hereditary line of supreme leadership (Ishaniyat) over the Naqshbandi Sufi Order. The line is also called the Qadiriyya wa Naqshbandiyya hereditary line of succession to Prophet Muhammad and representation of the 12th Imam, differing from the Twelver-Shia tradition in honor of the eponymous ancestors the Hanbali Imam Sayyid Abdul Qadir Gilani and his cognatic descendant the Hanafi Scholar Sayyid Bahauddin Naqshband.
Mawaddat al-Qurba Bloodline The Hazrat Ishaans and their followers substantiate their leadership as rightful successors of Prophet Muhammad on the occasion of a certain biological line of Mawaddat al-Qurba from Muhammad over leading Awliya, so called Ghaus or Aqtab reaching Sayyid Mir Jan as the promised Khwaja-e-Khwajagan-Jahan, meaning "scholar of all scholars of the world". They all are descending from each other. * Muhammad predicted the coming of his descendant the Muhammad al-Baqir al Hasani wal Husseini* Muhammad Baqir predicted the coming of his descendant Ali, the Ridha men Ahlul bayt* Ali al-Ridha predicted the coming of his descendant Muhammad al Mahdi, the Qaim* Muhammad al Mahdi and his father Hasan al Askari as well as his little brother Sayyid Ali Akbar predicted the coming of Abdul Qadir, the Mohyuddin, "reviver of faith". This shows that the Imamate after Muhammad al Mahdi is continued reaching his relative Abdul Qadir Gilani. * Abdul Qadir Gilani predicted the coming of Bahauddin Naqshband an agnatic descendant of Hasan al-Askari and cognatic of Abdul Qadir Gilani* Bahauddin predicted the coming of his descendant Khawand Mahmud, the Hazrat Ishaan; Damrel highlights that the followers believe in the resurrection of Bahauddin (Persian:"Az Qabar Bar Amadah") in year 1598, proclaiming the succession of his descendant Mahmud. * Hazrat Ishaan and his family predicted the coming of Sayyid Mir Jan, the Khwaja of all Khwajas; Qasvari in a same manner describes the belief of the resurrection of Mahmud in the end of the 19th century, proclaiming Sayyid Mir Jan as successor and promised "Khwaja of all Khwajas".
History Khwaja Khawand Mahmud bin Sharifuddin Al Alavi, known by his followers as "Hazrat Ishaan" was directed by his Pir Ishaq Wali Dahbidi to spread the Islam in Mughal India. His influence mostly remained in the Kashmir valley, whereupon Baqi Billah has expanded the order in other parts of India. Mahmud is a significant Saint of the order as he is a direct blood descendant in the 7th generation of Baha-ul-din Naqshband, the founder of the order and his son in law Ala-ul-din Atar. It is because of this that Mahmud claims direct spiritual connection to his ancestor Baha-u-din. Furthermore Mahmud had a significant amount of nobles as disciples, highlighting his popular influence in the Mughal Empire. His main emphasis was to highlight orthodox Sunni teachings. Mahmud's son Moinuddin lies buried in their Khanqah together with his wife who was the daughter of a Mughal Emperor. It is a pilgrimage site in which congregational prayers, known as "Khoja-Digar" are held in honor of Baha-ul-Din on his death anniversary the 3rd Rabi ul Awwal of the islamic lunar calendar. This practice including the "Khatm Muazzamt" is a practice that goes back to Mahmud and his son Moinuddin The Kashmiri population venerate Mahmud and his family as they are regarded them as the revivers of Islam in Kashmir. Mahmud was succeeded by his son Moinuddin and their progeny until the line died out on the occasion of the martyrdom of the last Ishan Kamaluddin and his family members by the Shiite warlord Amir Khan Jawansher in the eighteenth century.Moinuddin successors were:* Bahauddin son of Mahmud* Ahmad son of Mahmud* Nizamuddin son of Sharifudin son of Moinuddin, marrying a daughter of Aurangzeb* Nooruddin son of Nizamuddin* Kamaluddin son of Nooruddin, martyred by the Shiite warlord Amir Khan Jawansher=== Notable Adherents of the family ===*Salahuddin Ayyubi, as an immediate student of Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Qadir Gilani*Ibn Taimiyyah, as a mediated student of Abdul Qadir Gilani*Timur, as an immediate student of Bahauddin Naqshband*Imam Rabbani, as an immediate student of Hazrat Ishaan*Aurangzeb, as an immediate student of Sayyid Nizamuddin Mirza Naqshband*Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, a student of Sayyid Nooruddin Mirza mediated by Muhammad Muhammad Hayyat ibn Ibrahim al-Sindhi*Muhammad Iqbal a student of Sayyid Mir Jan mediated by Iqbal's teacher Sher Muhammad Sharqpuri=== Prophecy of Mahmud ===It is said that Mahmud and his son Moinuddin stated that under their progeny there will come a son of them, who will revive the spiritual lineage and legacy of the family after a tragic incident, that was to be the martyrdom of family members in Srinagar. It is accepted that this successor is Sayyid Mir Jan.
See also * Sayyid Abdul Qadir Gilani* Mawaddat al-Qurba* Sayyid Ali Akbar ibn Hasan al Askari* Sayyid Bahauddin Naqshband* Hazrat Ishaan* Ishan (Title)* Sayyid Moinuddin Hadi Naqshband* Ziyarat Naqshband Saheb* Sayyid Mir Jan* Sayyid Mahmud Agha* Sayyid Mir Fazlullah Agha* Dakik Family* Royal Sayyids* Barakzai Dynasty
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