1998 World Monuments Watch
Introduction The World Monuments Watch is a flagship advocacy program of the New York–based private non-profit organization World Monuments Fund (WMF) and American Express to call to action and challenge government authorities responsible for important cultural resources to identify sites immediately at risk, and to stimulate public awareness of the tremendous need to preserve and create sustainable uses for significant heritage made by man.
Selection process Every two years, the program publishes a select list known as the Watch List of 100 Most Endangered Sites that is in urgent need of preservation funding and protection. The sites are nominated by public authorities, local preservation groups, and qualified individuals. An independent panel of international experts then select 100 candidates from these entries to be part of the Watch List, based on the significance of the site's overall significance, the urgency of its situation, the viability of action plans to save it, and the ability of a local constituency to sustainably maintain the site in the future with the means to do so. WMF and American Express award grants to sites included on the Watch List. In addition, the leverage from the listing spurs government agencies and local donors to allocate funds and take an active role in protecting the cultural landmark.
1998 Watch List The 1998 World Monuments Watch List of 100 Most Endangered Sites was launched on September 8, 1997, by WMF President Bonnie Burnham.===List by country/territory===Irretrievable losses from the political turmoil that followed the collapse of Albania's communist regime in 1992 led to the Butrint archaeological site's inclusion on the 1998 Watch List.Benin's Royal Palaces of Abomey, a group of earthen structures built by the Fon people, is one of the most famous and historically significant traditional sites in West Africa.Built in 1894 to produce canned salmon, Gulf of Georgia Cannery has been declared as a National Historic Site of Canada.Along with Herculaneum, its sister city, Pompeii was destroyed, and completely buried, during a long catastrophic eruption of the Italian volcano Mount Vesuvius spanning two days in AD 79.Beaux Arts exterior in imported Italian Carrara white marble and its murals by Diego Riverareligious sites on Earth.The highly ornate wooden structure of Green Palace, built without nails, is a sacred monument for Mongolians and continues to have an active function as a museum of cultural artifacts.The wooden architecture of Trondheim is at risk of being compromised with inappropriate new materials and additions.revival of Gothic architecture in the Philippines, the San Sebastian Basilica is the only all-steel church or basilica in Asia.The "Ransom Room", in Cajamarca, Peru, is considered by most Peruvian historians to be the place where the Inca Empire came to an end with the capture and eventual execution of the Inca Emperor Atahualpa.Famous in particular for its massive dome, the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey is considered the epitome of Byzantine architecture and to have "changed the history of architecture." Number Country/Territory Site Location Period 1 Afghanistan Herat Old City Herat 1100–1899 2 Albania Butrint Archaeological Site Sarande  8th century BC–15th century AD 3 Argentina Ushuaia Prison Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego  1902–1912 4 Belgium Previous Radio and Television Building Brussels 1935 5 Belgium Tour and Taxis Brussels  1897–1907 6 Belgium Wortel Colony Estate Hoogstraten  1822 7 Benin Royal Palaces of Abomey Abomey  1645–1906 8 Bolivia Arani and Callapa Churches Arani, Cochabamba & Callapa, La Paz 1560 and 1745 9 Bolivia Rio Lauca Prehistoric Burial Towers Department of Oruro  1200–1600 10 Bosnia and Herzegovina Village of Pocitelj Pocitelj  1444–Present 11 Bulgaria Madara Horseman Kaspichan  8th–9th century 12 Cambodia Banteay Chhmar Temple of Jayavarman VII Thmar Puok, Oddar Meanchey Province 1100–1199 13 Canada Gulf of Georgia Cannery Richmond, British Columbia 1894–1964 14 Chile Alameda Railroad Station Santiago 1900 15 Chile Tulor Aldea San Pedro de Atacama  5th century BC–2nd century AD 16 China Jufu Hall Xian Nong Tan (The Temple of Agriculture), Beijing  1420 17 China Namseling Manor Drachi, Tibet  14th century 18 China Palpung Tibetan Monastery Babang Village, Sichuan  1725 19 Croatia Ducal Palace Zadar  16th century 20 Croatia Franciscan Monastery Library Dubrovnik  1667 21 Cuba Reina Cemetery Cienfuegos 1839 22 Czech Republic Follies and Conservatory in Lednice Park Lednice and Valtice Villages 1797–1848 23 Czech Republic Prague's Historic Center Prague  9th century BC–Present 24 Czech Republic Heavenly Father Chapel Kutna Hora  14th century 25 Czech Republic Nebilovy Mansion Nebilovy, Plzeň District  1706–1715 26 Egypt Mortuary Temple of King Ahmenhotep III, Gurna, Luxor  14th century BC 27 El Salvador Suchitoto City Suchitoto, Cuscatlán 16th century 28 Ethiopia Mentewab-Qwesqwam Palace Gondar  18th century 29 Fiji Levuka Township Levuka  1830–1925 30 France 'Galerie des Actions de Monsieur le Prince' Chateau of Chantilly, Chantilly 1560–1897 31 Gambia James Island James Island  460–1860 32 Georgia Tbilisi Historic District Tbilisi 6th century–Present 33 Hungary Spa Center Historic Ensemble Balatonfüred  1790–1880 34 India Ahmedabad Walled City Ahmedabad  1411–Present 35 India Jaisalmer Fort Jaisalmer, Rajasthan 12th century 36 Israel Gemeindehaus German Colony, Haifa  1869 37 Israel Ramla White Mosque Ramle Municipality 9th century 38 Italy Ancient Pompeii Naples  1st century BC–AD 79 39 Italy Arch of Trajan Ancona  AD 115 40 Italy Botanical Garden of University of Padua Padua 1545 41 Italy Etruscan Painted Tombs of Tarquinia Tarquinia  7th century BC–2nd century BC 42 Italy Limonaia at Boboli Gardens and Gardens of Villa Medici at Castello Florence 1777–1778 and 1577 43 Italy Basilica Neopitagorica  Rome 1st century 44 Italy Palazzo Doria Pamphilj Valmontone  Mid–17th century 45 Italy Rupestrian churches of Apulia and the City of Matera Apulia and City of Matera 1000–1753 46 Italy Terra del Sole prison cells Castrocaro Terme and Terra del Sole  Mid–16th century 47 Jamaica Old Iron Bridge Spanish Town, St. Catherine 1800 48 Jordan Petra Archaeological Site Wadi Mousa 1st–6th century 49 Laos Vat Sisaket Vientiane  1819–25 50 Latvia Abava Valley Cultural Landscape Kurzeme 13th–19th century 51 Lebanon Enfeh Enfeh (near Tripoli) 2nd millennium BC–13th century AD 52 Lithuania Vilnius Town Hall Vilnius 1503–22 53 Malaysia Kampung Cina River Frontage Kuala Terengganu Late 19th–early 20th century 54 Malta Mnajdra Prehistoric Temples Mnajdra 3600 BC–2500 BC 55 Mexico Carolina Hacienda (Main House) Chihuahua  1896 56 Mexico Madera Cave Dwellings Madera, Chihuahua 6th century–7th century AD 57 Mexico Metropolitan Cathedral Mexico City 1573–1813 58 Mexico Monasteries of San Juan Bautista Tetela del Volcan and Tlayacapan Morelos 16th century 59 Mexico Palace of Fine Arts Mexico City  1904–1934 60 Mexico Teotihuacan Archaeological Site San Juan Teotihuacan 100 BC–AD 750 61 Mexico Vega de la Peña Archaeological Site Filo-Bobos, Veracruz Before 1400 62 Mongolia Bogd Khan Palace Museum Ulan Bator Town 1893–1903 63 Nepal Gombas of Upper Mustang Lo Manthang, Mustang 15th century 64 Norway Wooden Architecture of Trondheim Trondheim 1850–1890 65 Pakistan Uch Monument Complex Uch, Bahawalpur District, Punjab Province ca 2nd millennium BC–mid–16th century AD 66 Panama San Lorenzo Castle and San Geronimo Fort Colon and Portobelo  1595–1779 and 1653–1760 67 Peru Apurlec Archaeological Site Motupe, Lambayeque 7th century AD–14th century 68 Peru La Quinta Heeren Lima 1888–1930 69 Peru "Ransom Room" Cajamarca 1430–1460 70 Philippines Kabayan Mummy Caves Kabayan, Benguet  2nd millennium BC–2nd century AD 71 Philippines San Sebastian Basilica Manila 1886–1891 72 Poland Debno Parish Church Nowy Targ  15th century 73 Poland Vistulamouth Fortress Gdańsk  1482–1800 74 Romania Constantin Brâncuși's Endless Column Târgu Jiu 1937–1938 75 Romania Roman Catholic Church Ghelinţa 13th century 76 Russia Agate Pavilion of the Catherine Palace Tsarskoje Selo, St. Petersburg 1780–1787 77 Russia Alexander Palace Tsarskoje Selo, St. Petersburg 1792–1796 78 Russia Irkoutsk Historic Center Irkoutsk 1770–1799 79 Russia Paanajarvi Village Kemi Province 14th century–Present 80 Russia Russakov Club Moscow  1929 81 Russia Yelagin Island Palace and Park Ensemble St. Petersburg 1780–1826 82 Slovakia Hell House Banska Stiavnica 1500–1850 83 Spain Windmills of Mallorca Balearic Islands 1600–1950 84 Turkey Ani Archaeological Site Ocarli Koyu, Kars 3rd–14th century 85 Turkey Hagia Sophia Istanbul AD 532–563 86 Turkey Patara Archaeological Site Kas 3rd millennium BC–AD 1200 87 Uganda Masaka Cathedral Masaka, Kitovu Village 1927 88 Ukraine Ancient Chersonesos Sevastopol, Crimea  5th century BC–15th century AD 89 United Kingdom Hadlow Tower Tonbridge, England 1838–1840 90 United Kingdom Mussenden Temple Castlerock, Northern Ireland 1760–1799 91 United Kingdom St Francis Church and Monastery Manchester, England 1863–1872 92 United Kingdom The St Vincent Street Church Glasgow, Scotland 1857–1859 93 United States of America Bodie State Historic Park California 1859–1896 94 United States of America Fort Apache White Mountain, Apache Tribal Land, Arizona 1870–1922 95 United States of America Lancaster County Pennsylvania  1710–1945 96 United States of America Mesa Verde National Park Colorado  13th century 97 United States of America South Pass Cultural Landscape Wyoming Mid–19th century 98 Venezuela San Francisco Church Coro, Falcon 1720–1887 99 Vietnam My Son Temple District Duy Xuyen District 3rd–12th century 100 Yemen Shibam Historic City Shibam 5th century
Statistics by country/territory The following countries/territories have multiple sites entered on the 1998 Watch List, listed by the number of sites: Number of sites Country/Territory 9 Italy 7 Mexico 6 Russia 5 United States of America 4 Czech Republic and United Kingdom 3 Belgium, China, Peru and Turkey 2 Bolivia, Chile, Croatia, India, Israel, Philippines, Poland and Romania
Notes A. Numbers list only meant as a guide on this article. No official reference numbers have been designated for the sites on the Watch List.B. Names and spellings used for the sites were based on the official  1998 Watch List as published.C. The references to the sites' locations were based on the official  1998 Watch List as published.
References
External links * World Monuments Fund home page* World Monuments Watch home page* 1998 World Monuments Watch List