Scaphella
Introduction '''''Scaphella''''' is a genus of large sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Volutidae, the volutes.
Distribution This is a tropical genus occurring in the Western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
Description There are both living and fossil species in this genus, which first appeared in the Paleocene. The fusiform, patterned shell is small to large. The protoconch is smooth and papilliform, often with a calcarella. The columellar plates are weak or absent. The periostracum is present, but an operculum is not. The radula is small, and variable from Y-shaped to tricuspid. (Described as ''Aurinia'') The shell is ovately fusiform. The spire has a  mamillated apex. The whorls are transversely finely striated and longitudinally subplicate. The folds of the columella are obsolete. The outer lip is thin and simple.
Species Species within the genus ''Scaphella'' include:* ''Scaphella atlantis'' Clench, 1946* † ''Scaphella baudoni'' (Deshayes, 1865)* ''Scaphella biminiensis'' Oleinik, Petuch & Aley IV, 2012 * ''Scaphella contoyensis'' Emerson & Old, 1979* ''Scaphella dohrni'' (G.B. Sowerby III, 1903)* ''Scaphella dubia'' (Broderip, 1827) - Dubious Volute* ''Scaphella evelina'' F. M. Bayer, 1971* ''Scaphella garciai'' Bail, 2007* ''Scaphella gaudiati'' Bail & Shelton, 2001* ''Scaphella gouldiana'' (Dall, 1887)* ''Scaphella junonia'' (Lamarck, 1804) - type species* † ''Scaphella kendrae'' Petuch & Berschauer, 2021 * ''Scaphella luizcoutoi'' Coltro, 1998* ''Scaphella macginnorum'' García & Emerson, 1987* † ''Scaphella macrocephala'' Finlay, 1927 * † ''Scaphella martinshugari'' Petuch, 1994 * ''Scaphella matchetti'' Petuch & Sargent, 2011* ''Scaphella neptunia'' (Clench & Aguayo, 1940)* ''Scaphella robusta'' Dall, 1889* ''Scaphella stimpsonorum'' T. Cossignani & Allary, 2019;Species brought into synonymy:* ''Scaphella benthalis'' Dall, 1896: synonym of ''Arctomelon benthale'' (Dall, 1896)* ''Scaphella butleri'' Clench, 1953: synonym of ''Scaphella junonia butleri'' Clench, 1953* ''Scaphella carlae'' Landau & C. M. Silva, 2006 †: synonym of ''Euroscaphella carlae'' (Landau & C. M. Silva, 2006) †* ''Scaphella caroli'' Iredale, 1924: synonym of ''Amoria maculata'' (Swainson, 1822)* ''Scaphella cognata'' Finlay, 1926 †: synonym of ''Teremelon cognata'' (Finlay, 1926) †* ''Scaphella dannevigi'' Verco, 1912: synonym of ''Livonia nodiplicata'' (Cox, 1910)* ''Scaphella elegantissima'' Suter, 1917 †: synonym of ''Teremelon elegantissima'' (Suter, 1917) † (original combination)* ''Scaphella florida'' (Clench & Aguayo, 1940): synonym of ''Scaphella dohrni'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1903)* ''Scaphella hedleyi'' Iredale, 1914: synonym of ''Amoria (Amoria) damoni'' Gray, 1864 represented as ''Amoria damoni'' Gray, 1864* ''Scaphella honi'' Glibert, 1938 †: synonym of ''Euroscaphella honi'' (Glibert, 1938) †* ''Scaphella johnstoneae'' Clench, 1953: synonym of ''Scaphella junonia'' (Lamarck, 1804)* ''Scaphella lamberti'' (J. Sowerby, 1816) †: synonym of ''Euroscaphella lamberti'' (J. Sowerby, 1816) †* ''Scaphella lautenschlageri'' Volobueva, 1981 †: synonym of ''Arctomelon lautenschlageri'' (Volobueva, 1981) † (original combination)* ''Scaphella marionae'' (Pilsbry & Olsson, 1953): synonym of ''Scaphella robusta marionae'' (Pilsbry & Olsson, 1953)* ''Scaphella moslemica'' Hedley, 1912: synonym of ''Amoria undulata'' (Lamarck, 1804)* ''Scaphella papillaris'' Swainson, 1840: synonym of ''Ericusa papillosa'' (Swainson, 1822)* ''Scaphella pretiosa'' Finlay, 1926 †: synonym of ''Teremelon pretiosa'' (Finlay, 1926) †* ''Scaphella tumidior'' Finlay, 1926 †: synonym of ''Teremelon tumidior'' (Finlay, 1926) †* ''Scaphella veliocassina'' Pacaud & Meyer, 2014 †: synonym of ''Euroscaphella veliocassina'' (Pacaud & Meyer, 2014) †* ''Scaphella victoriensis'' Cossmann, 1899 †: synonym of ''Notopeplum politum'' (Tate, 1889) † (unnecessary replacement name for ''Voluta polita'' Tate, 1889, erroneously stated by Cossmann to be a junior homonym of "Voluta polita" Conrad)* ''Scaphella vignyensis'' Chavan, 1949 †: synonym of ''Euroscaphella vignyensis'' (Chavan, 1949) †* ''Scaphella volvestrensis'' Villatte, 1962 †: synonym of ''Euroscaphella volvestrensis'' (Villatte, 1962) †* ''Scaphella worki'' Coltro J., 1998: synonym of ''Scaphella robusta marionae'' (Pilsbry & Olsson, 1953)
References * Bail, P & Poppe, G. T. 2001. ''A conchological iconography: a taxonomic introduction of the recent Volutidae''. Hackenheim-Conchbook, 30 pp, 5 pl. * Petuch E.J. & Sargent D.M. (2011) Rare and unusual shells of the Florida Keys and adjacent areas. Wellington, Florida: MdM Publishing. 158 pp.
External links *  Swainson W. (1829-1833). Zoological Illustrations, or original figures and descriptions of new, rare, or interesting animals, selected chiefly from the classes of ornithology, entomology, and conchology, and arranged according to their apparent affinities. Second series. London: Baldwin & Cradock. (Vol. 1-3): pl. 1-30*  Dall, W. H. (1906). Note on some names in the Volutidae. The Nautilus. 19(12): 143-144*  Pilsbry, H. A. & Olsson, A. A. (1953). Materials for a revision of East Coast and Floridan Volutes. The Nautilus. 67 (1): 1-13. *  Adams, H. & Adams, A. (1853-1858). The genera of Recent Mollusca; arranged according to their organization. London, van Voorst. Vol. 1: xl + 484 pp. ; vol. 2: 661 pp. ; vol. 3: 138 pls*  Dall, W. H. (1906). Note on some names in the Volutidae. The Nautilus. 19(12): 143-144