299th Tactical Aviation Brigade (Ukraine)
Introduction The '''299th Tactical Aviation Brigade''' (299 BrTA),''"Lieutenant General Vasyl Nikiforov"'', is a formation of the Ukrainian Air Force based at Kulbakino Air Base, Mykolaiv Oblast. The unit is equipped with Sukhoi Su-25 attack aircraft and is tasked with providing close air support for the Ukrainian Ground Forces and the Ukrainian Navy. It is subordinated to Air Command South headquartered at Odesa and has some 950 servicemen. Initially the airbase operated solely Su-25s but in November 2007 it inherited some 20 Aero L-39 Albatros trainer aircraft from a disbanded unit. Known operational aircraft as of 2016 are 13 L-39Cs and 23 Su-25s (of which 5 are Su-25UBs).
History ===Soviet era===On 4 November 1976, the unit was established as the 299th Instructor-Research Shipborne Aviation Regiment of Soviet Naval Aviation at Saky Air Base, Crimea. It operated a squadron of Yakovlev Yak-38s and a squadron of Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21s. By June 1979, the unit was known as the 299th Ship-Based Attack Regiment (299 KShAP). Between 4 April and 9 June 1980, the unit deployed three Yak-38s to Shindand Air Base, Herat Province, during the Soviet–Afghan War to test the aircraft's combat abilities.Beginning in September 1989, the regiment began to re-equip with the Sukhoi Su-25, with the transition completed by 3 July 1991.The transition to the Su-25 led to the regiment being renamed the 299th Independent Maritime Assault Aviation Regiment (299 OShAP) in 1990.===Ukrainian era===On 24 August 1991, Ukraine declared independence from the Soviet Union, which was approved via a referendum on 1 December. In January 1992, the regiment was renamed the 299th Independent Assault Aviation Regiment. On 17 March 1992, the 299th was officially incorporated into the Ukrainian Armed Forces.On 1 September 2003, the regiment became the 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade (299 BrTA).====War in Donbas====Since 2014, the brigade participated in hostilities as part of the government operation against Pro-Russian rebels in Donbas.On 2 July 2014, a Su-25, call sign ''Blue 06'', crashed due to a technical fault while landing at Dnipropetrovsk International Airport. The pilot ejected safely.On the morning of 16 July 2014, Su-25 call sign ''Blue 03'', was shot down over eastern Ukraine near Amvrosiivka town, and the pilot ejected successfully. National Security Council spokesman Andriy Lysenko said that it was shot down by a missile fired from a Russian Mikoyan MiG-29.On 23 July 2014, two Su-25 strike fighters, call sign ''Blue 04'' and ''Blue 33'' were shot down in the rebel-held area of Savur-Mohyla. Ukrainian authorities claimed that they were hit by long-range anti-aircraft missiles launched from Russia. Ukrainian Prime Minister, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, said later in an interview that one of the attack planes was probably shot down by an air-to-air missile.On 29 August 2014, a pair of Su-25 after returning from a mission on Kuteynikov, were attacked by enemy fire. ''Blue 08'', piloted by Vladislav Voloshin, was shot down near Starobeshevo by a surface-to-air missile during the battle of Ilovaisk. The pilot, Captain Vladyslav Voloshyn, ejected and after 4 days was able to reach Ukrainian-controlled territory, was secured by a unit of the Ukrainian National Guard.====Later service====The 299th TAB suffered the loss of two Su-25 strike aircraft due to accidents. The first on 11 November 2015, when strike aircraft call sign ''Blue 07'' piloted by Lieutenant Yegor Bolshakov crashed after colliding with high voltage transmission lines, the pilot died. Another strike aircraft, ''Blue 38'' was lost on 14 July 2016 at Starokostiantyniv air base, after a failed take off.===List of aircraft===Before the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the brigade consisted of 1 Su-25, 13 Su-25M1, 5 Su-25M1K, 3 Su-25UBM1, 2 Su-25UBM1K. During the war and until April 2023 some Su-25 stored or in reserve status were refited for combat operations and two more were acquired from the Republic of North Macedonia. Tail Number Type Status Note ''Blue 15'' Su-25M1K  ''Blue 16'' Su-25M1 ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 17'' ''Blue 19'' Shot down - 26 February 2022 in Kherson region.Pilot Lt. Col Oleksander Zhibrov died. ''Blue 20''  ''Blue 21'' ''Operational as of 2023''''Blue 22'' ''Operational as of 2023''''Blue 24'' ''Operational as of 2023''''Blue 25'' ''Operational as of 2023''''Blue 27'' ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 29'' Shot down - 2 March 2022, over Starokostiantyniv, Khmelnytskyi Oblast.Pilot Oleksandr Korpan died. ''Blue 30'' Shot down - 26 February 2022 in Kherson region. Pilot Capt. died. ''Blue 31'' Su-25M1K Shot down - 26 February 2022 near Fedorivka. Pilot Capt. Andriy Antikhovich died. ''Blue 32''  ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 35''  ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 36'' ''Blue 37'' Su-25M1   ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 39'' Shot down - 27 February 2022 near Hlibivka Vyshgorod, Kyiv region. Pilot Gennady Matulyak died. ''Blue 40'' Su-25M1K ''Blue 41'' Su-25M1 ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 44'' Su-25 ''Blue 45'' Su-25M1 ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 46''''Blue 47'' ''Operational as of 2023''''Blue 48'' ''Operational as of 2023'' ''Blue 49'' Shot down - Wreck found in Kherson region.Pilot Andrey Maksinov was captured by Russian forces, he was interviewed by Russian media. ''Blue 50''''Operational as of 2023'' - ''Ex-Macedonian''''Blue 51'' ''Operational as of 2023'' - ''Ex-Macedonian'' ''Blue 60'' Su-25UBM1K ''Blue 62'' Su-25UBM1 ''Blue 63'' ''Blue 64'' ''Blue 67'' Su-25UBM1KAnother 13 unidentified Su-25 aircraft were reported lost.On 3 March 2022, a Su-25 piloted by Captain  was lost over Mykolayv.On 14 March 2022, a Su-25 was shot down by Russian forces in Volnovakha, Donbas region. The pilot, Roman Vasyliuk, captured by Russian forces was later released on 24 April, by a Russo-Ukrainian prisoner swap.On 22 March 2022, a Su-25, heavily damaged by combat damage is recorded in video.On 15 April 2022, Russian forces shot down a Su-25 in Izyum, the Pilot Yegor Seredyuk was reported dead. Seredyuk was awarded with the Hero of Ukraine order.On 10 April 2022, a Su-25 was destroyed in the ground inside a hangar at Dnipro Airbase by Russian rocket attacks, one Ukrainian technician was wounded as well.On 14 May 2022, a Su-25 piloted by Captain Serhiy Parkhomenko was shot down in Huliaipole, Zaporizhzhia Oblast. The pilot died and was buried in Vinnytsia.On 27 July, the head of Intelligence of the 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade, Oleksandr Kukurba died while flying a combat mission defending Ukrainian skies on his Su-25.On 7 September 2022, Ukrainian media reported the death of 299th TAB pilot Vadim Blagovismy while flying a combat mission on a Su-25.On 19 September 2022, the remains of a Su-25, were found in Yehorivka, Donetsk Oblast. The aircraft was destroyed by a Russian 9K33 Osa.On 6 January 2023, a Ukrainian Su-25 was recorded being shot down by a MANPAD over Bakhmut, the engines of the aircraft were recorded later on Bakhmut streets in April 2023 by Russian media.On 27 January 2023, Ukrainian media reported the death of 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade, pilot Danilo Murashko while flying a combat mission on Kramatorsk.On 10 October 2023, a Su-25 was destroyed by a ZALA Lancet 3 drone attack on the tarmac of Dolgintsevo air base near Krivoi Rog Air Base.On 7 February 2024 Ukrainian media reported the death of 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade, pilot Vladyslav Rykov while flying a combat mission.
References
Bibliography Golz, Alexander; Cooper, Rich. ''Ukraine's Attack Workhorse''. ''Air Forces Monthly'', June 2017.pp. 74–81.Stanford, UK: Key Publishing Ltd.