2002 World Monuments Watch
Introduction The '''World Monuments Watch''' is a flagship advocacy program of the New York–based private non-profit organization, World Monuments Fund (WMF) that  is dedicated to preserving and safeguarding the historic, artistic, and architectural heritage of humankind.
Selection process Every two years, it publishes a select list known as the Watch List of 100 Most Endangered Sites that is in urgent need of preservation funding and protection. It is a call to action on behalf of threatened cultural heritage monuments worldwide. The sites are nominated by governments, conservation professionals, site caretakers, non-government organizations (NGOs), concerned individuals, and others working in the field. An independent panel of international experts then select 100 candidates from these entries to be part of the Watch List, based on the significance of the sites, the urgency of the threat, and the viability of both advocacy and conservation solutions. A site’s inclusion on the Watch List brings them to international attention, helping to raise funds needed for its rescue and spurring local governments and communities to take an active role in protecting the cultural landmark.
2002 Watch List The 2002 World Monuments Watch List of 100 Most Endangered Sites was launched on October 11, 2001, by WMF President Bonnie Burnham at a press conference at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. The Watch List was expanded to 101 in the wake of the devastating destruction of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.Its vicinity—the Lower Manhattan area, was added as an imperiled urban site.===List by country/territory===The city of Mostar in Bosnia and Herzegovina contains numerous archetypal examples of historic architectural styles that were largely destroyed by bombardment during the Yugoslav conflict.St. Pierre de Beauvais Cathedral is one of the two sites from the Oise locality in France that were included on the 2002 Watch List.The Jordanian site of Petra, renowned for its rock-cut architecture, was famously described as "a rose-red city half as old as time" in a Newdigate prize-winning poem by John William Burgon.Japan's Tomo port, which dates back to the Edo period, is threatened by the construction of a landfill and bridge that will radically alter its waterfront and increase traffic within the city.Late Classic Period, the ancient Maya city of Yaxchilan, in what is now Mexico, rivaled Piedras Negras as one of the most powerful states along the course of the Usumacinta. Both were archaeological sites were included on the 2002 Watch List.As per the Constitution of Peru, Cusco has been declared as the nation's Historical Capital.The Russian Resurrection New Jerusalem Monastery was severely bombed by German forces during World War II and has since been sporadically restored.Swahili construction, was founded at the end of the 18th century as the capital of German East Africa. It served as a trading port for ivory and the slave trade.Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate, urban sprawl and coastal erosion.The Sugar Warehouse dominating Scotland's James Watt Dock is a rare, early example of structural cast iron externally expressed. It has lain empty since the last of the local's sugar refinery closed down in 1997.New York City's Lower Manhattan was placed on the 2002 Watch List as its 101st site following the September 11 attacks. Number Country/Territory Site Location Period 1 Albania Voskopoje churches Korce  1780 2 Bahamas Whylly Plantation at Clifton Point Clifton Point, New Providence  1750 3 Belarus Pervomaisk Church Pervomaisk, Uzdensky, Minksaya  1626 4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Mostar Historic Center Mostar  1557 5 Brazil Vila de Paranapiacaba Santo Andre 1868 6 Cambodia Banteay/Chhmar Temple of Jayavarman VII Thmar Puok, Oddar Meanchey Province  1199 7 Chile Ruedas de Agua Pichidegua, Larmahue  1799 8 China Shaxi Market Area Shaxi Zhen, Shaxi Valley, Jianchuan  1800 9 China Ohel Rachel Synagogue Shanghai  1920 10 China Da Qin Christian Pagoda and Monastery Zhouzhi, Lou Guan Tai, Shaanxi 781 11 China Great Wall of China Cultural Landscape (Beijing) Beijing 14th-16th centuries 12 Croatia Vukovar city center Vukovar  1799 13 Croatia Lazareti Dubrovnik  1648 14 Cuba National Art Schools Cubanacan, Havana  1965 15 Czech Republic Terezin Fortress Terezin  1790 16 Egypt Khasekhemwy at Hierakonpolis Edfu, El Muissat, Kom el Ahmar 2700 BC 17 Egypt Valley of the Kings Thebes, West Bank at Luxor  1080 BC 18 Egypt White and Red Monasteries Sohag, Middle Egypt 500 19 Egypt Sultan Al Muayyad Hospital Cairo  1420 20 France Chateau de Chantilly Chantilly, Oise 1885 21 France St. Pierre de Beauvais Cathedral Beauvais, Oise  1700–1799 22 Georgia Tbilisi Historic District Tbilisi 500 BC–0 AD 23 Georgia Bodbe Cathedral Qedeli Village, Signakhi Region 850 24 Georgia Art Nouveau Buildings Tbilisi, Batumi, Kutaisi, Poti, Dusheti 1900 25 Germany Carl-Theodor Bridge Heidelberg 1788 26 Ghana Larabanga Mosque Larabanga, Western Gonja 1650 27 Greece Palaikastro Archaeological site Palaikastro, Crete 100 28 Guatemala Piedras Negras Piedras Negras  400 AD–800 AD 29 India Basgo Gompa (Maitreya Temples) Ladakh, Leh, Basgo  1699 30 India Osmania Women College Hyderabad, Telangana  1857 31 India Dwarka Dheesh Mandir Temple Ahmedabad  before 1600 32 India Anagundi Historic Settlement Gangawati, Koppal, Karnataka 1400–1600 33 India Nako Temples Himachal, Kinnaur, Nako  1025 34 India Lutyens Bungalow Zone New Delhi  1931 35 Indonesia Omo Hada Nias, Teluk Dalam, Hilinawalo Mazingo  1715 36 Iraq Nineveh and Nimrud Palaces near Mosul  883 BC – 681 BC 37 Iraq Citadel of Arbil Erbil, Kurdistan Region  6th millennium BC-Present 38 Israel Bet She'arim Archaeological Site Kiryat Tiv'on  100 – 300 AD 39 Italy Chains Bridge Bagni of Lucca 1860 40 Italy Cinque Terre Monterosso, Riomaggiore, Vernazza 13th century AD 41 Italy Port of Trajan Archaeological Park Fiumicino (Rome-Lazio Region)  100 42 Jamaica Falmouth historic town Falmouth, Parish of Trelawny 1784 43 Japan Tomo Port Town Fukuyama 1800 44 Jordan Petra Archaeological Site Wadi Mousa, Petra  100–299 AD 45 Kenya Thimlich Ohinga Cultural Landscape Migori  1399 46 Lebanon Enfeh near Tripoli  1299 47 Malaysia Kampung Cina River Frontage Kuala Terengganu 1939 48 Malaysia George Town Historic Enclave George Town, Penang State 1940 49 Mali Medine Fort Medine  1855 50 Malta Mnajdra Prehistoric Temples Mnajdra  3600 BC–2500 BC 51 Mexico San Juan de Ulua Fort Veracruz 1825 52 Mexico Yaxchilan Archaeological Zone Cuenca del Usumacinta, Chiapas 900 53 Mexico Inmaculada Concepcion Chapel Nurio, Michoacan  1700 54 Moldova Barbary-Bosia Monastery Complex Butuceni, Judet Orhei, Moldovan Auto. Reg. 1675 55 Myanmar Sri-Ksetra Temples Hmawa  400 56 Nepal Teku Thapatali Monument Zone Bagmati River, Kathmandu  19th Century 57 Nepal Itum Monastery Kathmandu 1200 58 Nigeria Benin City Earthworks Benin City, Edo State 1460 59 Pakistan Uch Monument Complex Uch, Bahawalpur District, Punjab Province 1449 60 Panama San Lorenzo Castle & San Geronimo Fort Chagres, Colon and Portobelo 1779 61 Peru Historic Center of Cusco Cusco 1699 62 Peru Santuario de Nuestra Señora de Cocharcas Cocharcas, Chincheros, Apurimac Dept. 63 Peru Caral sacred city Supe Pueblo, Barranca Province, Caral  3000 BC–2000 BC 64 Peru Los Pinchudos Rio Abiseo National Park 1200 65 Peru Oyon Valley Missionary Chapels Oyon, Departamento de Lima 1699 66 Peru San Pedro de Morrope Chapel Morrope 1599 67 Poland Wislica Archaeological Site Wislica 1175 68 Russia Alvar Aalto Library Vyborg, Leningrad Region 1935 69 Russia Arkhangelskoye State Museum Moscow  1831 70 Russia "Oranienbaum" State Museum Reserve Lomonosov 1774 71 Russia Narcomfin Building Moscow  1930 72 Russia Resurrection New Jerusalem Monastery Istra  1698 73 Russia Assumption Church Kondopoga, Karelia  1774 74 Russia Karelian Petroglyph Sites Belomorsky and Pudozhsky Districts  3500 BC 75 Russia Church of our Savior & Rostov Veliky Historic Center Rostov Veliky  862–1690 76 Syria The Citadel of Aleppo Aleppo  2000 BC 77 Syria Damascus Old City & Saddle Souk Damascus  1400–1800 78 Tanzania Bagamoyo Historic Town Bagamoyo  1800 79 Turkey Ani Archaeological Site Ocarli Koyu, Kars 1399 80 Turkey Temple of Augustus Ankara  25 BC–20 BC 81 Turkey Little Hagia Sophia Mosque (Kucuk Ayasofya Camii) Istanbul  527–536 82 Turkey Tepebasi District Gaziantep  1914 83 Turkmenistan Merv Archaeological Site Bairam Ali 1400 84 Ukraine Church of The Savior Of Berestove Kyiv  1600–1800 85 Ukraine Ancient Chersonesos Sevastopol  500–15th century 86 United Kingdom Stowe House Stowe, Buckingham, Buckinghamshire 1890 87 United Kingdom St. George's Church London  1730 88 United Kingdom Brading Roman Villa Brading, Isle of Wight  300 AD 89 United Kingdom Sinclair and Girnigoe Castles Nr. Wick, Caithness, Scotland  1606 90 United Kingdom Sugar warehouses Greenock, Renfrewshire 1886 91 United Kingdom Selby Abbey Selby, North Yorkshire  1069 92 United States of America San Juan Capistrano Mission Church San Juan Capistrano  1806 93 United States of America A. Conger Goodyear House Old Westbury, Long Island, New York 1939 94 United States of America St. Ann and the Holy Trinity Church  Brooklyn Heights, New York  1848 95 United States of America San Esteban del Rey Mission at Acoma Pueblo Acoma Pueblo, New Mexico  1643 96 United States of America Schindler Kings Road House and Studio West Hollywood, California  1922 97 Yemen Tarim Tarim, Wadi Hadramaut 1870–1920 98 Yugoslavia Subotica Synagogue Subotica  1902 99 Yugoslavia Prizren Historic Center Kosovo, Prizren 100 Yugoslavia Peć and Decani Monasteries Kosovo & Metohiha, Decani and Pec  1850 101 United States of America Historic Lower Manhattan New York, New York Since 1625
Statistics by country/territory The following countries/territories have multiple sites entered on the 2002 Watch List, listed by the number of sites: Number of sites Country/Territory 8 Russia 6 India, Peru, United Kingdom and United States of America 4 China, Egypt and Turkey 3 Georgia, Italy, Mexico and Yugoslavia 2 Croatia, France, Iraq, Malaysia, Nepal, Syria and Ukraine
Notes A. Numbers list meant only as a guide on this article. No official reference numbers have been designated for the sites on the Watch List.B. Names and spellings used for the sites were based on the official  2002 Watch List as published.C. The references to the sites' locations and periods of construction were based on the official  2002 Watch List as published.D. WMF added the ''Historic Lower Manhattan'' area to the 2002 Watch List as its 101st site following the September 11 attacks.E. Tally includes the ''Historic Lower Manhattan'' site.
References
External links * World Monuments Fund home page* World Monuments Watch home page