Tinigua language
Introduction '''Tinigua''' (''Tiniguas'') is an endangered language isolate spoken in Colombia which used to form a small language family with the now extinct Pamigua language.
Final speakers As of 2000, Tinigua had only two remaining speakers, Sixto Muñoz (Tinigua name: ''Sɨsɨthio'' ‘knife’) and his brother, Criterio. Criterio died some time around 2005, leaving behind Sixto as the last remaining speaker of Tinigua. Formerly a resident of the Serraníade la Macarena in Meta Department, Sixto Muñoz currently resides in Jiw village of Barrancón, near the main town of Guaviare Department. They lived in Meta Department, between the Upper Guayabero and Yari rivers. Muñoz also speaks Spanish and is thought to have been born somewhere from 1924-1929.He has five children, but he chose not to teach them Tinigua because they would not have any use for it.Below is a comparison of Tinigua forms elicited from Sixto Muñoz in 2019 compared with Tinigua and Pamigua words recorded in Castellví (1940). : English gloss  Tinigua (Sixto Muñoz)  Tinigua (Castellví)  Pamigua (Castellví) eye  sıt̵́i  zőti, zɘ̀ti  sete, xete water  ɲikʷájtʃi  ñikwáiši  nikagé fire  hikʰítsa  ičísa  ekísa woman  ɲísa  ñíza, ñísä  nixtá dog  hanó  xamno, xámiu  xannó jaguar  kʰíɲa ~ tʃíɲa  číña, ǰíña, xiña  xiñaga corn  jóʔhá  t’óka, tióka  xukxá manioc  komáha  xaačá  xoayoa let's go  minahá  manaxǎí  menáxa chili pepper  tsákha  ţáxa  saxa good  hajohási  ayuxáǐ  ayoxagua (‘good morning’) plantain  mandótha  madóxa  mandotá spirit  hamajiéha  pan-kianóso  kinoxá (‘enemy’) man  tsɨtsía  psäţeyá  piksiga five  tsátokwahá (tsátho-kwaʔa ‘left.side-hand’)  xopa-kuáxa  saksu-kuaxa eleven  tapásaɲóha  čimatóse-kiésä  čipsé ipa-kiaxi
References
Further reading **