Eucalyptus camphora
Introduction '''''Eucalyptus camphora''''', commonly known as '''swamp gum''' is a flowering plant that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a species of small to medium-sized tree with smooth bark, sometimes rough at the base, broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped or elliptic adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and conical fruit. There are two subspecies, subspecies ''camphora'', commonly known as '''broad-leaved sally''' or '''swamp gum''' and subspecies ''humeana'', commonly known as '''mountain swamp gum'''.Subspecies ''humeana'' in the Alpine National ParkSubspecies ''camphora'' fruit
Description ''Eucalyptus camphora'' is tree that typically grows to a height of , sometimes a mallee to , and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth grey to brownish or almost black bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches, although sometimes with accumulated shed bark at the base. Young plants and coppice regrowth have green or bluish green, egg-shaped, elliptic or almost round  leaves  long,  wide and have a petiole. Adult leaves are broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped,  long and  wide on a petiole  long. The flowers buds are arranged in groups of seven in leaf axils on an unbranched peduncle  long, the individual flowers on a pedicel  long. Mature buds are spindle-shaped to diamond-shaped,  long and  wide with a conical to beaked operculum. Flowering mainly occurs from January to April and the flowers are white. The fruit that follows is a woody, conical or hemispherical capsule  long and .
Taxonomy and naming ''Eucalyptus camphora'' was first formally described in 1899 by Richard Thomas Baker who published the description in the ''Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales''. He had collected the type specimen "at Ganguddy Creek, Kelgoola, Rylstone, in 1895". The specific epithet (''camphora'') refers to camphor in the essential oil of the leaves.In 1990, Lawrie Johnson and Ken Hill described three subspecies of ''E. camphora'', two of which have been accepted by the Australian Plant Census:* ''Eucalyptus camphora'' R.T.Baker subsp. ''camphora'' has adult leaves with a petiole less than  long;* ''Eucalyptus camphora'' subsp. ''humeana'' L.A.S.Johnson & K.D.Hill has adult leaves with a petiole  long. The subspecies epithet (''humeana'') honours the explorer Hamilton Hume. ''Eucalyptus camphora'' subsp. ''relicta'' and ''E. ovata'' var. ''camphora'' are synonyms of ''E. camphora'' subsp. ''camphora''.
Distribution and habitat Subspecies ''camphora'' grows in forest, often in marshy places and in valleys from south from Wallangarra in Queensland to near Glen Innes in New South Wales, then from near Rylstone to the Megalong Valley.Subspecies ''humeana'' grows in similar habitats from Wee Jasper in New South Wales to the mountainous country east and north of Melbourne in Victoria.
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