Beno Blachut
Introduction Beno Blachut'''Beno Blachut''' (14 June 1913 – 10 January 1985) was a lauded Czech operatic tenor. An icon in his own nation, Blachut drew international acclaim through his many commercial recordings of Czech music. He was an instrumental part of the post-World War II school of Czech opera singers that were responsible for popularizing Czech opera internationally. He was highly regarded for his interpretations of roles in operas by Leoš Janáček, Antonín Dvořák, and Bedřich Smetana.
Biography Born in Ostrava-Vítkovice, Blachut grew up in a poor family of miners. Blachut was highly involved in his church's music program which provided him with his initial musical training as a child and teenager. In 1927, at the age of 14, he began working at an iron factory and from all appearances it seemed he was destined to live a life similar to that of his parents. In the year 1935 he started to study singing at the Prague conservatory.At the conservatory, Blachut studied under Luis Kadeřábek for four years. He made his professional opera debut at the Olomouc Opera in the role of Jeník in Smetana's ''The Bartered Bride'' on 25 December 1938.He sang at the house for the next two years, portraying eighteen different roles (for example: Faust, Canio in Pagliacci, Laca in Jenůfa, Prince in Rusalka) under the direction of Karel Nedbal. In 1941 he left Olomouc to join the roster of principal tenors at the Czech National Opera in Prague, singing Jenik again for his first appearance at that house.Up to this point, Blachut had mostly portrayed lyric tenor parts, but in Prague he began to sing works from the dramatic repertoire, especially in operas by Janáček, Dvořák, and Smetana. On 3 February 1942 he starred in the world premiere of František Škroup's ''Columbus'' (composed in 1855). Outside the Czech repertoire, he sang Alfredo in ''La traviata'', Cavaradossi in ''Tosca'', Don José in ''Carmen'', Ferrando in ''Così fan tutte'', Florestan in ''Fidelio'', Hermann in ''The Queen of Spades'', Lensky in ''Eugene Onegin'', Pierre Bezukhov in ''War and Peace'', Radames in ''Aida'', Walther in ''Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg'', and the title roles in ''Faust'' and ''Otello'' among other roles.500 korun coin commemorating the 100th anniversary of Blachut's birth, 2013.By 1945 Blachut's performance credits had grown to include almost all of the major tenor parts from the Czech repertory. At this point he was widely view as Czechoslovakia's leading tenor and he appeared on tour with the Czech National Opera in opera performances in Austria, Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Russia. He also appeared with the company in England at the 1964 Edinburgh Festival in an acclaimed portrayal of Luka Kuzmič in Janáček's ''From the House of the Dead''. He returned to Edinburgh for another lauded performance in 1970 as Matěj Brouček in ''The Excursions of Mr. Brouček''. That same year he sang in the world premiere of Jiří Pauer's ''Zdravý nemocný'' in Prague after ''Le malade imaginaire'' by Molière. Blachut was also highly regarded internationally for his portrayal of the title role in Smetana's ''Dalibor''.In addition to his performances with the Prague Opera, Blachut also occasionally worked as freelance artist, notably making guest appearances at La Fenice, Deutsche Oper Berlin, De Nederlandse Opera, the Finnish National Opera, and the Vienna State Opera. In 1959 he appeared at the Holland Festival as Boris in ''Káťa Kabanová''. Blachut was also active as a concert singer, appearing in productions like Dvořák's ''Stabat Mater'' and Janáček's ''Glagolitic Mass''. He was particularly known for his interpretation of Janáček's ''The Diary of One Who Disappeared'' and his recording of that work is considered by many critics to be the remaining definitive interpretation.He died in Prague at the age of 71.He is buried at the Vyšehrad cemetery next to Antonín Dvořák. In 2001 was founded in Prague The Beno Blachut Society (Společnost Beno Blachuta) producing historical recordings of Blachut and his artistic colleagues.
Recordings ===Opera recordings===YearTitleRoleConductor and EnsembleLabel1942František Škroup's ''Columbus''Frantisek Dyk (conductor)Prague Radio Symphony Orchestra and ChorusMultisonic Records1946Antonín Dvořák: ''Dimitrij'DimitrijPrague Radio Symphony Orchestra and Chorus1947Bedřich Smetana: ''The Bartered Bride''VašekKarel Ančerl (conductor)Prague Radio Symphony Orchestra and ChorusOpera d'Oro1950Bedřich Smetana: ''Dalibor''DaliborJaroslav Krombholc (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: Supraphon1955Antonín Dvořák: ''Rusalka''The princeJaroslav Krombholc (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: Supraphon1956Leoš Janáček: ''Jenůfa''Laca KlemeňJaroslav Vogel (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: Supraphon1956Bedřich Smetana: ''The Kiss''LukášZdeněk Chalabala (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: Supraphon1959Leoš Janáček: ''The Makropulos Case''Albert GregorJaroslav Vogel (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: Supraphon1960Leoš Janáček:''Káťa Kabanová''Boris GrigorjevicJaroslav Krombholc (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: Supraphon1964Leoš Janáček:''From the House of the Dead''Luka KuzmičBohumil Gregor (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: Supraphon (won the Grand Prix du disque lyrique in 1978)1978Antonín Dvořák: ''The Jacobin''BendaJiri Pinkas (conductor)Prague National Theatre Chorus and OrchestraLP: SupraphonAntonín Dvořák: ''Vanda''František Dyk (conductor)Prague Radio Chorus and Orchestra===Choral and symphonic recordings===YearTitleGenreCollaboratorsLabel1956Leoš Janáček: ''The Diary of One Who Disappeared''Song cycleJan Kühn (conductor)Josef Páleníček (piano)Štěpánka Štěpánová (contralto)Czech Singers' Chamber Female ChorusLP:Supraphon1961Antonín Dvořák: ''The Spectre's Bride''Dramatic cantataJaroslav Krombholc (conductor)Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and ChorusLP:Supraphon1963Leoš Janáček: ''Glagolitic Mass''MassKarel Ančerl (conductor)Czech Philharmonic Orchestra and ChorusLP:Supraphon1964Antonín Dvořák: ''Saint Ludmila''OratorioVaclav Smetacek (conductor)Prague Symphony OrchestraLP:Supraphon1966Jakub Jan Ryba:''Czech Christmas Mass''MassVaclav Smetacek (conductor)Prague Symphony OrchestraLP:Supraphon1997Leoš Janáček: ''The Eternal Gospel''CantataJiri Pinkas (conductor)Prague Symphony Orchestra and ChorusCD:Supraphon (released posthumously)===Other recordings===YearTitleGenreCollaboratorsLabel1995Antonín Dvořák: ''Biblical Songs, Op 99, Gypsy Songs, Op. 55, Evening Songs, Op. 3, Love Songs, Op. 83''Song cyclesVěra Soukupová (contralto)Jindřich Jirák (baritone)Ivan Moravec, Alfred Holeček, Ferdinand Pohlreich (pianos)CD:Supraphon (released posthumously)
References * http://archiv.narodni-divadlo.cz/default.aspx?jz=cs&dk=Umelec.aspx&ju=1191&sz=0&zz=OPR&pn=456affcc-f402-4000-aaff-c11223344aaa