Osbornoceras
Introduction '''''Osbornoceras''''' is a genus of Lower Silurian cyrtoconic nautiloid cephalopods known from Ohio and possibly Manitoba, one of five general currently included in the oncocerid family Karoceratidae.
Diagnosis -morphology ''Osbornoceras'' grew to be somewhat large and is characterized by a narrow, compressed, strongly curved, exograstric shell. The venter, on the outside curvature, is narrowly rounded while the dorsum, on the opposite inside curvature, is more broadly rounded. The body chamber narrows toward the aperture, which has a deep hypomomic sinus.The siphuncle of ''Osbornoceras'' is ventral but not in contact with the ventral wall of the shell. Segments are empty and expanded ventrally but are virtually straight dorsally. Connecting rings are thin, septal necks cyrtochoanitic (outwardly flared).
Similar genera ''Karoceras'', from Europe and Russia, which followed in the Middle Silurian, is similar in overall form but is actinosiphonate. Its siphuncle in contrast contains blade-like deposits which project radially inward. Also similar is the closely related Lower Devonian ''Ankyloceras'' and earlier Middle and/or Upper Ordovician oncoceratids such as ''Diagenoceras'' and ''Richardsonoceras''.
Paleoecology ''Osbornoceras'' and similar oncocerids were probably benthic predators that lived on the seafloor oriented in life as to face forward with the body chamber parallel to the seafloor and curved phragmocone arched upward. Whether they were pursuit of ambush predators is unknown. Also unknown is the number of arms. Was it the primitive 8 or 10 or the derived 90  plus found in recent Nautilidae.
References * Sweet, W.C. 1964; Nautiloidea -Oncocerida; Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part K. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press. *  ''Osbornoceras'' in the Paleobiology database* Sepkoski's Online Genus Database (CEPHALOPODA)