Sphegina
Introduction '''''Sphegina''''' is a genus of small, slender hoverflies. They are widespread throughout Eurasia and North America. In flight they seem to have long hind legs which they often carry hanging down, making them resemble sphecid or ichneumonid wasps. Adult ''Sphegina'' are usually found in damp and shady habitats close to water in forested areas, and several species can often be found together. They often feed on white and yellow flowers of Apiaceae, Ranunculaceae, Asteraceae, and Rosaceae like Crataegus, Sorbus, and Sorbaria. Larvae nest in the sap of living and dead trees or in decaying cambium under tree bark lying in water or other damp conditions. The larvae of some species have been discovered in the tunnels of other xylophagous insects. ''Sphegina'' generally have a face strongly concave and bare in both sexes, antennal basoflagellomere oval with a long dorsal and pilose arista; eyes bare and dichoptic in both sexes; postpronotum pilose; metasternum and katepisternum non-pilose; ventral scutellar fringe absent; alula narrow or absent; postmetacoxal bridge complete and broad; metaleg much longer than pro- and mesoleg and with incrassate femur; abdomen petiolate. ''Sphegina'' are similar to the species of their sister group ''Neoascia'' but are distinguished by the following characters: face oblique, nearly straight, laterally pilose; katepisternum usually pilose; basoflagellomere usually elongate, longer than wide; arista bare and about as long as basoflagellomere. The small-sized species of ''Sphegina'' can be very similar to ''Neoascia'' in habitus and they may be especially difficult to distinguish in the wild. ''Sphegina'' has two subgenera ''Asiosphegina'' and ''Sphegina''.
Species '''Subgenus:''' ''Sphegina'' Meigen, 1822 *''Sphegina abbreviata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina alaoglui'' Hayat, 1997*''Sphegina albipes'' (Bigot, 1883)*''Sphegina amurensis'' Mutin, 1984*''Sphegina anatolii'' Mutin, 1999*''Sphegina angustata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina appalachiensis'' Coovert, 1977*''Sphegina armatipes'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina aterrima'' Stackelberg, 1953*''Sphegina atrolutea'' Lucas in Thompson & Torp, 1986*''Sphegina biannulata'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina brachygaster'' Hull, 1935*''Sphegina brevisterna'' Violovich, 1980*''Sphegina bridwelli'' Cole, 1924*''Sphegina californica'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina calthae'' Mutin, 1984*''Sphegina campanulata'' Robertson, 1901*''Sphegina carbonaria'' Mutin, 1998*''Sphegina catthae'' Mutin, 1984*''Sphegina clavata'' (Scopoli, 1763)*''Sphegina claviventris'' Stackelberg, 1956*''Sphegina clunipes'' (Fallén, 1816)*''Sphegina cornifera'' Becker, 1921*''Sphegina dogieli'' Stackelberg, 1953*''Sphegina elegans'' Schummel, 1843*''Sphegina elongata'' Shiraki & Edashige, 1953*''Sphegina fasciata'' Shiraki, 1968*''Sphegina flavimana'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina flavomaculata'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina grunini'' Stackelberg, 1953*''Sphegina guptai'' Mutin, 1998*''Sphegina hansoni'' Thompson, 1966*''Sphegina hennigiana'' Stackelberg, 1956*''Sphegina hodosa'' Violovich, 1981*''Sphegina infuscata'' Loew, 1863*''Sphegina japonica'' Shiraki & Edashige, 1953*''Sphegina javana'' Meijere, 1914*''Sphegina keeniana'' Williston, 1887*''Sphegina kumaoniensis'' Mutin, 1998*''Sphegina kurenzovi'' Mutin, 1984*''Sphegina latifrons'' Egger, 1865*''Sphegina limbipennis'' Strobl, 1909*''Sphegina lobata'' Loew, 1863*''Sphegina lobulifera'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina melancholica'' Stackelberg, 1956*''Sphegina micangensis'' Huo, Ren & Zheng, 2007*''Sphegina mikado'' Mutin, 2001*''Sphegina montana'' Becker, 1921*''Sphegina negrobovi'' Skufjin, 1976*''Sphegina nigrapicula'' Huo, Ren & Zheng, 2007*''Sphegina nigerrima'' Shiraki, 1930*''Sphegina nigra'' Meigen, 1822*''Sphegina nigrimanus'' Cole, 1924*''Sphegina obscurifacies'' Stackelberg, 1956*''Sphegina occidentalis'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina petiolata'' Coquillett, 1910*''Sphegina platychira'' Szilády, 1937*''Sphegina pontica'' Mutin, 1998*''Sphegina potanini'' Stackelberg, 1953*''Sphegina punctata'' Cole, 1921*''Sphegina quadrisetae'' Huo & Ren, 2006*''Sphegina rufa'' Malloch, 1922*''Sphegina rufiventris'' Loew, 1863*''Sphegina smirnovi'' Violovich in Stackelberg, 1953*''Sphegina spheginea'' (Zetterstedt, 1838)*''Sphegina spiniventris'' Stackelberg, 1953*''Sphegina stackelbergi'' Violovich, 1980*''Sphegina sublatifrons'' Vujic, 1990*''Sphegina taibaishanensis'' Huo & Ren, 2006*''Sphegina tenuifemorata'' Mutin, 1984*''Sphegina thoraciaca'' Shiraki, 1968*''Sphegina tricoloripes'' Brunetti, 1915*''Sphegina tristriata'' Brunetti, 1913*''Sphegina tuvinica'' Violovich, 1980*''Sphegina uncinata'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina univittata'' Huo, Ren & Zheng, 2007*''Sphegina varidissima'' Shiraki, 1930*''Sphegina varifacies'' Kassebeer, 1991*''Sphegina verae'' Mutin, 1984*''Sphegina verecunda'' Collin, 1937*''Sphegina violovitshi'' Stackelberg, 1956'''Subgenus:''' ''Asiosphegina'' Stackelberg, 1974*''Sphegina achaeta'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina adusta'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina amplistylus'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina atricolor'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina atrimanus'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina bidens'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina bifida'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina bilobata'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina bracon'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina brevipilus'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina carinata'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina cerina'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina clavigera'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina collicola'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina crassispina'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina crinita'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina crucivena'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina culex'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina cultrigera'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina dentata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina distincta'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina ensifera'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina exilipes'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina falcata'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina farinosa'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina fimbriata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina forceps'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina forficata'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina freyana'' Stackelberg, 1956*''Sphegina furcillata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina furva'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina ghatsi'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina gigantea'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina gigas'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina granditarsis'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina hamulata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina hauseri'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina incretonigra'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina index'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina inflata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina inventum'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina karnataka'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina licina'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina lobulata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina lucida'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina malaisei'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina minuta'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina mirifica'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina nasuta'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina nigrotarsata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina nitidifrons'' Stackelberg, 1956*''Sphegina nubicola'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina orientalis'' Kertész, 1914*''Sphegina ornata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina parvula'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina perlobata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina philippina'' Thompson, 1999*''Sphegina plautus'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina pollex'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina pollinosa'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina prolixa'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina pusilla'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina radula'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina raduloides'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina setosa'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina sibirica'' Stackelberg, 1953*''Sphegina siculifera'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina simplex'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina sinesmila'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina spathigera'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina spenceri'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina strigillata'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina subradula'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina taiwanensis'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina trichaeta'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina trispina'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina umbrosa'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina uncinata'' Hippa, Steenis & Mutin, 2015*''Sphegina verrucosa'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018*''Sphegina vietnamensis'' Steenis, Hippa & Mutin, 2018
References