Wantage Tramway
Introduction The '''Wantage Tramway Company''' was a two-mile tramway that carried passengers and freight between the Oxfordshire town of Wantage and Wantage Road Station on the Great Western Main Line in England. Formed in 1873 to link Wantage Road station with its terminus at Mill Street, Wantage the line was cheaply built parallel to what was then the ''Besselsleigh Turnpike'', and now the A338.The tramway closed to passengers in 1925 and to goods traffic in 1945.
Opening The line was opened for goods on 1 October 1875, and to passengers on 11 October. The tramway junction was to the east of Wantage Road station; interchange passengers walked under the bridge to reach the tramway yard, where the westernmost siding (parallel to the road) was reserved for passenger tramcars.
Rolling stock Built as a standard gauge line, and first run using horse drawn rolling stock, the line became the first to adopt mechanical traction when a steam-powered tramcar, designed by John Grantham, was tried out in the summer of 1875, entering regular service from 1 August 1876.In November that year the first steam locomotive arrived for trials, and the line was converted to steam traction in the late 1870s. ;Locomotives  Number Description Notes 1 John Grantham steam tramcar - 2 Merryweather & Sons tram engine - 3 Details unknown - 4 Henry Hughes tram engine - 5 George England and Co. 0-4-0WT ex-London and North Western Railway; previously with the Sandy and Potton Railway 6 James Matthews patent tram engine - 7 Manning Wardle 0-4-0ST ex-Manchester Ship Canal contractTwo Mekarski system compressed air trams were tried out in 1880 but were not a success as the fuel consumption was much higher than for steam locomotives. Several other steam locomotives were used for short periods, including GWR no. 1329 ''Raven'' (Avonside Engine Company 0-4-0ST 1052/1874), GWR no. 1359 ''Wye'' (Fletcher, Jennings & Co. 0-4-0T 153/1876) and ex-Royal Arsenal Railway ''Driver'' (Manning Wardle 0-4-0ST 515/1875).
Operation For most of its operation the line was well used and profitable but the advent of popular road transport saw a steady decline in passengers and freight. The tramway closed to passengers on 1 August 1925, and to goods on 22 December 1945.The line remained independent throughout its existence, and its range of unusual and often outdated equipment attracted attention from railway historians. It ultimately closed after the track was damaged by heavy lorries during the Second World War, by which time repair would have been unaffordable.
Preservation Locomotive No 5 'Shannon'WTC Locomotive No 5 known on the tramway as 'Jane' but more recently named 'Shannon' and formerly of the Sandy and Potton Railway in Bedfordshire, survives and can be found at the Great Western Society's Railway Centre at Didcot in Oxfordshire.
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