Germanic sound shifts
Introduction '''Germanic sound shifts''' are the phonological developments (sound changes) from the Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) to Proto-Germanic, in Proto-Germanic itself, and in various Germanic subfamilies and languages.
PIE to Proto-Germanic * Germanic spirant law* Grimm's law* Holtzmann's law* Sievers' law* Verner's law* Kluge's law
In Proto-Germanic * Germanic a-mutation
Germanic subfamilies and languages * Germanic umlaut (all of the early languages except for Gothic)* Great Vowel Shift (English)* High German consonant shift* Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law (attested in Old English, Old Frisian and Old Saxon)* West Germanic gemination
See also * Germanic languages* Germanic substrate hypothesis