List of mannerist structures in Central Poland
Introduction The '''mannerist architecture and sculpture in Poland''' have two major traditions: Polish-Italian and Dutch-Flemish, that dominated in northern Poland. The Silesian mannerism of South-Western Poland was largely influenced by Bohemian and German mannerism, while the Pomeranian mannerism of North-Western Poland was influenced by Gothic tradition and Northern German mannerism. The Jews in Poland adapted patterns of Italian and Polish mannerism to their own tradition. The mannerist complex of Kalwaria Zebrzydowska and mannerist City of Zamość are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.Lublin region created its own style with folk motives (Kazimierz Dolny), while the urban mannerism in Greater Poland replaced the Gothic gables with Italian style arcades, tympanums, friezes and pillars in tuscan order (Poznań). Warsaw, as one of the main cities of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and due to its role as seat of Parliament and King, was a place of meetings of cultures. The mannerist architecture in the city was a combination of many types of mannerist traditions.The Bohemian mannerism had also large influence on the architecture and sculpture in Poland. This concerned not only the lands that were part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, like Silesia. Bohemian mannerism in Silesia joined the Prague renaissance with its brunelleschian arcades (inspired by Queen Anna Jagiellon's Belvedere in Prague, 1535–1537) and German influences originating from the late Gothic (steep gable with renaissance decoration).
Greater Poland Voivodeship '''Place''''''Building''''''Date of construction''''''Style and history''''''Image'''Grodzisk Wielkopolski Church of St. Jadwiga of Silesia   1640Polish mannerism (architect Krzysztof Bonadura the Elder). The original 15th-century Gothic church was enlarged and rebuilt in mannerist style at initiative of Jan Opaliński, voivode of Poznań and his son Aleksander. During the reconstruction the presbytery was covered by a polygonal dome carried on a drum and four side chapels were added to the transept. The domed chapels with lanterns were modelled after the Sigismund's Chapel.100pxPoznańCity Hall  1550–1567Italian/Polish mannerism (architect Giovanni Battista di Quadro). The town hall was built during the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries. In the 16th century the building was enhanced, roofs were covered with attics and facade was embellished with a three-story loggia. 100px  Poznań Cathedral - Tomb of bishop Goślickiafter 1607Polish mannerism. It was established for Wawrzyniec Goślicki, bishop of Poznań by his heirs. The tomb monument, situated in St. Martin's Chapel, was made of black and red marble. The deceased was depicted sleeping under canopy supported by two angels. It was modelled after the neighbouring Konarski's tomb monument by Canavesi. 100px Poznań Cathedral - Tomb of bishop Izdbieński1557–1560Polish mannerism (sculptor Jan Michałowicz of Urzędów). It was established for Benedykt Izdbieński, bishop of Poznań by his heirs. The tomb was carved in sandstone and red marble and adorned with profuse floral decorations. Characteristic for Michałowicz blend of Flemish and Italian influences is visible in the tomb.100px Poznań Cathedral - Tomb of bishop Konarski1575–1576Polish mannerism (design by Giovanni Battista di Quadro). It was established for Adam Konarski, bishop of Poznań by his heirs. The tomb was carved by Hieronim Canavesi in sandstone and red marble in tuscan order. Sculptures characterize with rough moulding of stone and simplification of details.100px Ridt House 1576Polish mannerism (Greater Poland type, architect Giovanni Battista di Quadro). The Gothic building was purchased in 1566 by Zachariasz Ridt, a rich cloth and leather merchant. Zachariasz, who was also a senior pastor of the Lutheran community in Poznań, rebuilt the house in mannerist style. The tuscan order, decorative features of the gable (volutes and pillars) as well as division of facade surfaces with simple details are typical for Greater Poland mannerism. 100px
Lublin Voivodeship '''Place''''''Building''''''Date of construction''''''Style and history''''''Image'''Gołąb Church of St. Catherine and St. Florian 1628–1638 Polish mannerism (circle of Santi Gucci) with elements of Dutch mannierism (ferrule ornament). The church was established by priest Szymon Grzybowski.100px Loreto House 1634–1642Italian mannerism, an exact replica of the Loreto House in Italy. Founded by Chancellor Jerzy Ossoliński. The main decorating features are ceramic statues of prophets, created under strong influence of Michelangelo's works.100pxJanowiec Firlej Castle 1577–1587, beginning of the 17th century  Polish mannerism (architect Santi Gucci). Andrzej Firlej built a new representative eastern wing with arcades and mannerist attic.100px Church of St. Margaret late 16th centuryPolish mannerism. The original church was built in about 1350 and rebuilt for a Calvinist Andrzej Firlej, castellan of Lublin. 100pxKazimierz DolnyCelej House before 1635Polish mannerism (Lublin type, circle of Santi Gucci), the attic is decorated with folk motives (basilisks, dragons and birds among others) Built for a wealthy merchant Bartłomiej Celej.100px Church of St. John the Baptist and St. Bartholomew 1586–1613Polish mannerism (architect Jakub Balin). The original 14th-century building burned in 1561.The initiators of the reconstruction and the founders were the Firlejs. The church was enhanced and covered with a cradle vault with lanterns. The Gothic gables were rebuilt in the late renaissance style. 100px Mikołaj Przybyła Granary1591Polish mannerism. In the beginning of the 17th century there was about 60 granaries in the town. 100px Przybyła Houses 1615Polish mannerism (Lublin type with folk motives). Built for two brothers Mikołaj and Krzysztof Przybyła. 100pxKrupeOrzechowski Castleafter 1577, 1604–1608Polish mannerism. The castle was constructed for an arian Paweł Orzechowski starting from the original Krupski mansion. It was built as a fortified palace and decorated with attics. Facades were adorned with sgraffitos and cordon cornices. 100pxLublinCarmelite Church 1635–1644Polish mannerism (Lublin type). The church was founded by Katarzyna z Kretków Sanguszkowa for Discalced Carmelite Sisters. The main gabled facade was decorated with arcade-pilaster divisions and frescoes. Nave elevations were divided with pilasters supporting the console cornice. 100px Chociszewski Housefirst half of the 17th centuryPolish mannerism (Lublin type). The original house of Stefan z Wilczyna, canon of Chełm from the beginning of the 16th century, was rebuilt probably for the Chociszewski Family. They purchased the house in 1630 under appropriation to keep a wine warehouse and a pharmacy. Richly decorated attic was added at that time. 100px Dominican Church 1575Polish mannerism (Lublin type). After the fire in 1575 the Gothic church (built in 1342) was covered with a mannerist cradle vault with lanterns, and the original 14th-century gable was adorned in late renaissance style. 100px Dominican Church - Ossoliński Chapel1624 Polish mannerism (Lublin type). The chapel was established by Katarzyna Ossolińska. It was covered with a cradle vault with lantern and adorned with mannerist stucco decorations (winged angels, leaf wreaths). 100px Konopnica House1575Polish mannerism. The original late Gothic house (built before 1512) was obtained by Sebastian Konopnica as a dowry of his wife Katarzyna z Kretków. Konopnica, city mayor of Lublin, rebuilt the house in mannerist style. Rich decorations of windows with medallions bearing effigies of Sebastian Konopnica and his wife Katarzyna are attributed to Pińczów workshop. 100pxUchanie Church of the Assumption of Mary - Uchański Tombc. 1607  Polish mannerism (sculptor Santi Gucci). Established by Anny Herburtówna to commemorate herself and her husband Paweł Uchański, voivode of Bełz. Made of sandstone with marble incrustatins, adorned with profuse floral and animal decorations. The effigies of the deceased were carved in alabaster. 100pxZamośćArmenian Houses No. 30-26first half of the 17th centuryPolish mannerism. No. 30 (green) - rebuilt in 1665–74 for Jan Wilczek and adorned with profuse floral-animal motives, No. 28 (dark yellow) - built in 1645–47 for Bazyli Rudomicz professor of the Zamojski Academy, No. 26 (red) - built in 1632–34 for Armenian merchant Gabriel Bartoszewicz. 100px Cathedral 1587–1637 Polish mannerism (Lublin type, architect Bernardo Morando). It was constructed as a three-nave basilica with side chapels. The main 20m high nave was covered with a cradle vault with lanterns. The naves are divided by thick corinthian pillars crowned with richly decorated entablature. Vaults were embellished with moldings (geometric, floral and figural motives). 100px Fortifications1582–1618Polish mannerism (architect Bernardo Morando). The construction was started by Morando and accomplished after his death (1600) by Andrea dell'Aqua, Jan Jaroszewicz and Jan Wolff. 100px House of Dymitr Grekfirst half of the 17th centuryPolish mannerism (lublin type). At the beginning of the 17th century the allotment belonged to Dymitr Grek. Later the brick house was built for Wojciech Wnuk, wójt of Zamość. That house was rebuilt for Gaspor Achterloni and adorned with a mannerist attic. 100px Lublin Gate1582–1585Polish mannerism. The facade was decorated with allegorical personification of Poland. 100px Lublin House c. 1591Polish mannerism. The Lublin House was built for a Greek merchant Laguda. The succeeding owner was Edwert of Lublin. Original mannerist attic preserved at the outbuilding (No. 25a). 100px Lviv Gate1597–1599Polish mannerism (architect Bernardo Morando). The facade was adorned with bas-relief depicting St. Thomas the Apostle (patron saint of the city) kneeling before the Christ, Zamoyski family crests and a Latin inscription. 100px Morando House c. 1590Polish mannerism (architect Bernardo Morando). The house was designed and built by Morando (architect of Zamość). The arcades were embellished with rustication, while the frieze above the arcades was enriched with bas-reliefs. 100px Synagogue 1610–1620Jewish mannerism. Built for the Sephardi Jews. The interior was richly decorated with stucco in Kalisian-Lublin style. The main part was a great pray hall (11.5 x 12.2 m). 100px The house under the Madonna1642–1657Polish mannerism (Lublin type). One of Armenian Houses (No. 22). Built for a Lviv merchant Sołtan Sachwelowicz. The main decorating feature is a relief depicting Madonna Trampling the Dragon. This relief gave its name to the house.100px The house under the Married Couplec. 1634-1657 Polish mannerism (lublin type). One of Armenian Houses (No. 24). Built for an Armenian merchant Torosz. The main decorating feature is a frieze enriched with floral bas-reliefs and a molding above depicting grotesque figures of man and woman. This relief gave its name to the house. 100px Town Hall1591–1622Polish mannerism (architect Bernardo Morando). Between 1639-1651 it was rebuilt by Jan Jaroszewicz and Jan Wolff. The building was enlarged and enhanced by adding another storey with high mannerist attic, while the horseshoe shaped staircase is an 18th-century addition. The clock tower is 52 meters tall and consist of five levels on square and octagonal plan.100px
Lubusz Voivodeship '''Place''''''Building''''''Date of construction''''''Style and history''''''Image'''Siedlisko  Castle Gate c. 1612German mannerism (architect Valentin von Säbisch). The gate building was intended to house a library and an arsenal. The main decorating features are gables with volutes and a portal with rusticated masonry. 100pxSchönaich Castle1597–1618German mannerism (architect Melchior Duckhardt). The original wooden ''castrum in Sedlscho'' was replaced between 1550-1560 by a brick building. It was later enlarged and reconstructed for Georg Schönaich, who also built a chapel (Protestant rood screen) with mannerist decorations. 100px
Łódź Voivodeship '''Place''''''Building''''''Date of construction''''''Style and history''''''Image'''Pabianice Manor house 1565–1571  Polish mannerism (architect Wawrzyniec Lorek). Built for canon Stanisław Dąbrowski. 100pxPoddębice Grudziński Palace 1610–1617  Polish mannerism (Lublin-Kuyavian type). Built for Zygmunt Grudziński, voivode of Rawa.100px
Masovian Voivodeship '''Place''''''Building''''''Date of construction''''''Style and history''''''Image'''Drobin Church of Our Lady of the Rosary and St. Stanisław - Kryski Tomb 1572–1576 Italian/Polish mannerism (circle of Santi Gucci). Established by Stanisław Kryski, voivode of Masovia. It depicts Stanisław's parents Paweł Kryski, his wife Anna Szreńska and their son Wojciech Kryski, chamberlain of Płock. The structure was by most accounts inspired by the tombs in the Medici Chapel in the Basilica of San Lorenzo in Florence and the tomb of Pope Julius II in San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome, designed by Michelangelo. 100pxKrasne Holy Cross Church 1570–1575Polish mannerism. Established by Franciszek Krasiński, Deputy Chancellor of the Crown and bishop of Kraków. The main facade was reconstructed in mannierism style in the beginning of the 17th century. 100pxSzydłowiecCastle1619–1629 Polish mannerism (architect Kasper Fodyga). The original castle was rebuilt in mannerist style for Albrycht Władysław Radziwiłł, castellan of Trakai. Main additions were: loggia flanked by two towers and two bastions serving as terraces on each side of the building. 100px Town Hall1602–1629  Polish mannerism (architects Kasper and Albrecht Fodyga). Elevated attic, decorated with little towers resembling bartizans, was inspired by not existing City Hall in Warsaw by Antoneo de Ralia (1580). The clock tower covered with a mannerist spire consist of five levels on square and octagonal plan. 100pxWarsawBaryczka House 1629–1633Polish mannerism (lublin type). Originally built before 1440, it was rebuilt in the mannierist style for the king's secretary Wojciech Baryczka the Elder. The facade was embellished with an attic and richly decorated portal.100px Chociszewski House 1605 Polish mannerism (architect Antoneo de Galia). Originally built before 1515, it was rebuilt in the mannierist style for the furrier Nikodem Chociszewski (Kociszewski). The portal embellished with rustication is typical for many mannerist buildings in Warsaw and in Kraków (e.g. Vasa Gate, Isaac Synagogue).100px Houses at Kanonia Street c. 1607-1611 Polish mannerism. Originally built in the 16th century for the canons of the St. John's Cathedral. No. 28 - rebuilt 1611, No. 26 - rebuilt after 1607, No. 24 - rebuilt in 1606 for canon Jan Chociszewski, No. 22 - rebuilt after 1607, No. 24 - rebuilt in 1611 for canon Jan Żelazowski. 100px Jesuit Church1609–1626Polish mannerism (Lublin type, architect Jan Frankiewicz). The church was founded by King Sigismund III Vasa and a chamberlain Andrzej Bobola (the Old) at Piotr Skarga's initiative, in 1609.100px Negro House 1622–1628Polish mannerism. The reconstruction of the Gothic house (built before 1449) in the mannierist style was started by Jana Kluga and accomplished by Jakub Gianotti, who get a special tax exemption for this undertaking from the city municipalities. The facade was adorned with two richly decorated portals and a medallion with effigy of Negro, attributed to Gucci's workshop. This sculpture gave its name to the house. One of the portals bears a mark of ownership (''gmerk'') with initials 'IG' of Jakub Gianotti. 100px Queen Anna's corridor late 16th century Polish mannerism. The covered passage connecting the Royal Castle with the St. John's Cathedral was built for Queen Anna Jagiellon and extended in the 1620s for king Sigismund III Vasa. 100px Royal Castle 1598–1619  Polish mannerism/early baroque (architect Giovanni Battista Trevano - his plans were probably amended by Vincenzo Scamozzi). The original castle, built between 1407–1410, was expanded for king Sigismund III Vasa by a group of Italian architects and sculptors, including Giacomo Rodondo, Paolo del Corte and Matteo Castelli. 100px Salwator House  1632Polish mannerism (lublin type). Built for a wealthy wine merchant Jakub Gianotti. The late renaissance attic was adorned in the 18th century with a statue of Christ the Saviour. 100px The house under the St. Anne1635–1637 Polish mannerism. Originally built before 1466, it was rebuilt in the mannierist style for the Mayor of the city Henryk Plumhoff (portals, sgraffito decorations). 100px Ujazdów Castle 1624-1630s Polish mannerism/early baroque (architect Matteo Castelli). The castle was erected for king Sigismund III Vasa as a ''villa suburbana'' (suburban villa).100px
See also *List of mannerist structures in Northern Poland*List of mannerist structures in Southern Poland
Notes and references