House of Franckenstein
Introduction Armorials of Frankenstein ''ancient'': ''An oblique red battle axe on Gold''. These arms are still used by the Barons of Franckenstein Arms of Franckenstein''modern'': ''complemented in 1533 by Henry IV. of Frankenstein (d.1558) by the arms ''of Clover'', being the heir of the Lords of Cleen. The Cleens were also heirs of ''Praunheim and Sachsenhausen'', therefore also adding the ''silver helmet'' of the Praunheims combined with the ''swans'' of Sachsenhausen to the crest.Divided and split two times coated with a golden heartshield, therein an oblique red battle axe on Gold (Franckenstein). In fields 1 and 6 in gold a three-leaf red cloverleaf (von Cleen), in fields 2 and 5 in blue a right-sided silver helmet, on it a growing silver swan, whose raised red wings are each covered with a silver bar, 3 and 4 in gold a red bar, above 3 green twigs each with 3 leaves (von Praunheim-Sachsenhausen). ''The '''House of Franckenstein''' (also '''''Frankenstein''''') is the name of a feudal, Franconian noble family in Germany, descendants from the Dynasts of the  Breuberg family; offsprings of the Lords of Lützelbach from Höchst im Odenwald.
Family legend In 948, an Arbogast von Franckenstein confirmed to the abbot of Lorsch Abbey in two contracts to "grant defense and shield the carriages travelling on the Bergstraße and passing through Frankenstein realm". In the same year, this knight Arbogast is supposed to have won the Tournament of Cologne, thanks to an invitation of the Archbishop Bruno the Great, who was said to have been the former abbot of Lorsch Abbey.Arbogast von Franckenstein is mentioned in Georg Rüxners Turnierbuch, a tournament book, but is probably legendary as Rüxners's statements, especially when citing "earlier centuries", are often deemed. One has to add, that the contracts are not to be found in the Lorsch Abbey archives, but are appearing in secondary literature.As a matter of fact, it is certified that the Franckenstein clan is directly originating from Lord Konrad II. Reiz von Breuberg and therefore starting to exist in the 13th century.
History Ludovic of Luetzelbach was the first ancestor of the Frankenstein dynasty and is documented in the year 1115 for the first time, his descendant Wieknand again in 1160.His grandson Konrad I. and his offspring built the homonymous Breuberg Castle around 1200 and named   themselves after it. In 1239, owing to his son's Eberhard I. Reiz von Breuberg marriage with Mechtild (Elisabeth? ), one of the five heiresses of Gerlach II. von Büdingen, imperial bailiff of the Wetteraukreis, the power, possessions and interests were also relocated into the Wetterau region, where the Breubergians Arrois, Gerlach and Eberhard III. held the bailiffship consecutively. They found their last resting-place in the monastery of Konradsdorf, where the family had made many donations.Before 1250, Lord Konrad II. Reiz von Breuberg erected Frankenstein Castle near Darmstadt and since named himself "von und zu Frankenstein". He was the founder of the free imperial lordship Frankenstein, which was subject only to the jurisdiction of the emperor, with possessions in Nieder-Beerbach, Darmstadt, Ockstadt, Wetterau and Hesse. Additionally the Frankensteins held other possession and Sovereignty-rights as Burgraves in Zwingenberg (Auerbach (Bensheim), in Darmstadt, Groß-Gerau, Frankfurt am Main and Bensheim. In the year 1292 the Frankensteins opened the castle to the counts of Katzenelnbogen (County of Katzenelnbogen) and leagued with them.Being both strong opponents of the Protestant Reformation and following territorial conflicts, connected disputes with the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt, as well as the adherence to the catholic faith and the associated "right of patronage", the family head Lord Johannes I. decided to sell the lordship to the landgrave in 1662, after various lawsuits at the Imperial Chamber Court.Because of many vacancies in relation with the reformation, some family members could fill a number of unengaged offices and posts in various Chapters, Abbeys and Dioceses as Canons, Abbesses and Prince-Bishops.After the sale of Frankenstein and being awarded the imperial baron dignity in 1670, the family retired to its possessions in Wetterau and acquired the lordship of Ullstadt in the beginning of the 17th century in Middle Franconia. In the 19th century they also bought the Lordship of Thalheim bei Wels in Austria. The family still consists of two existing branches in Germany, Austria and the US.
Prominent family members *Konrad II Reiz von Breuberg, also Konrad I von Frankenstein, first bearer of the family name (1245–1292)*Apetzko (Apeczko - Arbogast) von Frankenstein, Bishop of Lebus (1345–1352)*Rudolf von und zu Frankenstein, Prince-Bishop of Speyer (1552–1560)*Johann Karl von und zu Franckenstein, Prince-Bishop of Worms (1683–1691)*Johann Philipp Anton von Franckenstein, Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (1746–1753)*Johann Karl Friedrich Franz Xaver Freiherr von Frankenstein auf Ockstatt, Holstatt und Erpen was Minister Plenipotentiary of the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt at the Royal Bavarian Court*Georg von und zu Franckenstein, GCVO, K.u.K. Special Envoy to the Osman Imperial Court, Austrian Ambassador in London from 1920–1938, later Sir George Franckenstein**Clement von Franckenstein (1944–2019), British-American actor; son of Sir George Franckenstein *Clemens von und zu Franckenstein (1875–1942), German composer and last general director of the Royal Bavarian Opera and Theatres*Georg Arbogast, Reichsfreiherr von und zu Franckenstein, German member of Parliament, Vice President of Zentrumspartei, President of the Bavarian House of Lords (1825–1890)*Joseph Freiherr von Franckenstein, Austro-German fighter against the Nazi regime, editor-in-chief of ''Die Neue Zeitung''*Kay, Baroness Franckenstein (née Boyle), American writer and political activist
Picture gallery File:Mühltal - Burg Frankenstein - Kapelle 02 ies.jpg|Lord Philipp Louis FranckensteinFile:Philipp-Anton II.JPG|Philipp Antony Franckenstein, Prince-Bishop of BambergFile:Frankfurt Kaiserdom Grabmal Bischof Franckenstein 03 (fcm).jpg|John Charles Franckenstein, Prince-Bishop of Worms (1746–1753)File:Georg Arbogast Franckenstein.jpg|Georg Arbogast Franckenstein, Member of the German Parliament, Chairman of the Bavarian House of LordsFile:JPLIvFrankensteim.jpg|John Philipp Franckenstein, Canon of the cathedral chapter of Bamberg and Würzburg, Ambassador at the Imperial Court in Vienna
Family tree *Karl Arbogast Viscount Franckenstein (1798-1845) 25px ∞ Leopoldine Countess Apponyi de Nagy-Appony (1804-1870) 20px**Georg Arbogast, Viscount Franckenstein 25px ∞ Maria Theresia Princess Oettingen-Wallerstein 25px***Johann Karl Viscount Franckenstein (1858-1913) ***Moritz Viscount Franckenstein (1869-1931) 25px ∞ Maria Pia Countess Stolberg-Stolberg (1870–1913)25px****Anna Maria (1896-1998)****Georg Viscount Franckenstein (1898-1965) 25px ∞ Karoline, Princess Schönburg-Hartenstein (* 23.Dezember 1898; † 27.April 1985)****Marie Leopoldine (1901-1970)****Heinrich (1902-1991) ∞ 1953 Theresa Maria Josefa Riccabona von Reichenfels (* 10.April 1909)****Marie Elisabeth (1905-1919)**Karl Viscount Franckenstein (1831-1898) 25px ∞ Elma Countess Schönborn-Wiesentheid***Leopoldine Baroness Franckenstein (1874–1918)***Clemens Baron Franckenstein (1875–1942) 25px ∞ Maria Nezádal***Georg Baron Franckenstein 25px (1878–1953) ∞ Editha King (1916-1953)****Clement Baron Franckenstein (1944-2019)**Heinrich Viscount Franckenstein (1826-1883) 25px ∞ Helene Countess Arco-Zinneberg (1837-1897) 25px ***Konrad Viscount Franckenstein (1875-1938) 25px ∞ Anna Maria Countess Esterházy-Galantha (1886-1968) 25px ****Heinrich Maria Viscount Franckenstein (1908-1982) 25px ∞ Maria Pia Baroness Fürstenberg 30px, Countess Deroy (1905-1961) ****Joseph Viscount Franckenstein 25px (1910-1963) ∞ Kay Boyle (1902-1992)****Ludwig Maria von und zu Franckenstein (1914-1945) 25px ∞ Dorothea von Kobbe (1921-1954)
Coat of arms Divided and split two times coated with a golden heartshield, therein an oblique red battle axe on Gold.File:Breuberg Wappen umd um 1180.jpg|First coat of arms Lords of BreubergFile:Breuberg Seal from 1291.jpg|Breuberg Seal from 1291File:Breuberg Wappen um 1350.jpg|Crest of the Breuberg lordship around 1330–1350File:Franckenstein Wappen VI.jpg|Franckenstein-crest Ullstadt CastleFile:Frankenstein-Scheibler210ps.jpg|Franckenstein- coat of armorial bearings from the Scheibler armorialFile:Franckenstein Wappen VII.jpg|Franckenstein Emblem of Princebishop Philipp Anton of BambergFile:Xingeram238b - Frankenstein.JPG|Franckenstein coat of arms in the Ingeram CodexFile:Franckenstein Wappen IV.jpg|Franckenstein-coat of arms Seehof castleFile:Franckenstein Wappen III.jpg|Franckenstein-Coat of arms in the guildhall of Darmstadt-EberstadtFile:Wappen_Mühltal_(Hessen).png|Coat of arms municipality of MühltalFile:Wappen Modautal.svg|Coat of arms municipality of ModautalFile:Siegel Anna von Franckenstein.png|Coat of arms of Anna Frankenstein, Abbess of NeuburgFile:Franckenstein Wappen, Katharinenkirche Oppenheim1.jpg|Franckenstein church window at St. Catherine in Oppenheim, 1450DEU Bobstadt (Bürstadt) COA.svg|Bobstadt municipality crestWappen Ockstadt.png|Friedberg-Ockstadt municipality crest
Building work by the Frankenstein family  File:Breuberg (2).JPG|Breuberg Castle, 12th century Ullstadt Schloss 001.JPG|Ullstadt Castle, 17th century InnerCastle.jpg|Frankenstein Castle, 13th century Traunegg-2.jpg|Traunegg Palace, 19th century Schloss Frankenstein Ockstadt mit Turm.jpg|Ockstadt Castle Darmstadt-Dreifaltigkeitskirche.jpg|Eberstadt Church, 1260 Roßleithen - Villa Sonnwend.JPG|Villa Franckenstein in Windischgarsten, 19th century Frankensteiner_Hof_Dieburg.png|Frankenstein Residence in Dieburg
Literature * Karl O. von Aretin: ''Franckenstein Eine politische Karriere zwischen Bismarck und Ludwig II.''. Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 2003, . * J. Friedrich Battenberg: ''Roßdorf in vormoderner Zeit. Alltag und Konfliktkultur einer hessischen Landgemeinde im 17.und 18.Jahrhundert.'' In: Archiv für hessische Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Bd. N.F. 60 (2002), , S. 29–60* Roman Fischer: ''Findbuch zum Bestand Frankensteinische Lehenurkunden 1251–1812''. Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1992, * Georg von Franckenstein: ''Zwischen Wien und London Erinnerungen eines österreichischen Diplomaten.'' Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz 2005, . * Sir George Franckenstein, Facts and features of my life, . * Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels Band 27; Freiherrliche Häuser A IV, CA Starke Verlag. * Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Band 61, 1975, Adelslexikon. Starke, Limburg/Lahn* Walter Scheele: ''Sagenhafter Franckenstein''. Societäts-Verlag, Ulm 2004, * Otto von Waldenfels (Hrsg. ): ''Genealogisches Handbuch des in Bayern immatrikulierten Adels.'' Verlag Degener, Neustadt an der Aisch. * Hellmuth Gensicke: ''Untersuchungen zur Genealogie und Besitzgeschichte der Herren von Eschollbrücken, Weiterstadt, Lützelbach, Breuberg und Frankenstein.'' In: Hessische historische Forschungen (1963), S.99–115* Walter Scheele: ''Burg Franckenstein''. Societäts-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main 2001, * Historischer Verein für Hessen, Archiv für hessische Geschichte und Altertumskunde. * Otto Hupp: ''Münchener Kalender 1912.'' Verlagsanstalt München / Regensburg 1912. * Rudolf Kunz: ''Dorfordnungen der Herrschaft Franckenstein aus der 2.Hälfte des 16.Jahrhunderts.'' Sonderdruck aus: Archiv für hessische Geschichte und Altertumskunde. Band 26, Heft 1, 1958* Wolfgang Weißgerber: ''Die Herren von Frankenstein und ihre Frauen: Landschaften, Personen, Geschichten''. Schlapp, Darmstadt-Eberstadt 2002, . * * Norbert Hierl-Deronco: ''"Es ist eine Lust zu Bauen". Von Bauherren, Bauleuten und vom Bauen im Barock in Kurbayern, Franken, Rheinland''. Krailling 2001, , S. 133–142
See also * Lordship of Franckenstein
References
External links *  Frankenstein Crest in the Ortenburger Wappenbuch from 1466* Frankenstein Armorial Bearings in Johann Siebmachers Wappenbuch*  Frankenstein coat of arms in www.geocities.com* Crest in Ingeram Codex*  Geschichte der Familie Frankenstein in www.muehltal-odenwald.de*  www.eberstadt-frankenstein.de*  EBIDAT - Burgendatenbank des Europäischen Burgeninstitutes*  Die Geschichte der Wappen der von Franckenstein*  Haus der Bayerischen Geschichte, Burgen in Bayern