Wellington (New Zealand electorate)
Introduction '''Wellington''' (originally '''City of Wellington'''), was a parliamentary electorate in Wellington, New Zealand. It existed from 1853 to 1905 with a break in the 1880s. It was a multi-member electorate. The electorate was represented, over the years, by 24 members of parliament.
Population centres In December 1887, the House of Representatives voted to reduce its membership from general electorates from 91 to 70.The 1890 electoral redistribution used the same 1886 census data used for the 1887 electoral redistribution. In addition, three-member electorates were introduced in the four main centres. This resulted in a major restructuring of electorates, and Wellington was one of eight electorates to be re-created for the 1890 election.
History The electorate was one of the original electorates used in the 1853 election for the 1st New Zealand Parliament. During the period until 1871, Wellington was a three-member electorate.In 1858, Isaac Featherston and William Fitzherbert resigned their seats in Parliament. Featherston apparently wanted to return to England. Instead, he successfully stood for re-election within months. The other person returned in the same by-election was William Barnard Rhodes.The election for the 3rd Parliament was held on 11 December 1860, with the announcement of the official results on 15 December.
Members of Parliament '''Key'''===Three-member electorate (1853–1871)===Election Winner(s)  Charles Clifford  Robert Hart  James Kelham  Isaac Featherston  William Fitzherbert  Isaac FeatherstonWilliam Rhodes 1860 election William Taylor   Charles Borlase===Two-member electorate (1871–1881)===Election Winner(s)  George Hunter Edward Pearce 1875 election   William Travers  George Elliott Barton   William Hutchison  William Levin(Electorate abolished 1881–1890)===Three-member electorate (1890–1905)===From 1881 to 1890, the Wellington electorate was replaced by three separate electorates:  and  during the whole nine years, and  (until 1887) then  (1887–1890)Election Winner(s)  George Fisher  Kennedy MacdonaldJohn Duthie   William McLean   Francis Bell Robert Stout George Fisher John Hutcheson  John Duthie  John Hutcheson   Arthur Atkinson  John Duthie John Aitken   Francis Fisher(Electorate abolished 1905; see , , and )In 1905 the Wellington electorate was again replaced by three electorates: , , and . In the , all three Wellington incumbents stood in the new electorates, with Fisher and Aitken winning in Central and East respectively, while Duthie lost to Charles Izard in Wellington North – ending his parliamentary career.
Election results ===1905 by-election======1902 election===   1 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Fisher: 6,685) and highest losing poll (O'Regan: 6,304)Participation by gender % Female Turnout 7,312 72.00 Enrolled females 10,155 47.86 Male Enrolled males 11,063 52.14===1899 election===   1 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Fisher: 6,442) and highest losing poll (Macdonald: 6,320)Participation by gender % Female Turnout 7,080 79.30 Enrolled females 8,928 47.30 Male Enrolled males 9,946 52.70===1899 by-election======1898 by-election======1896 election===          1 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Fisher: 5,858) and highest losing poll (Atkinson: 5,830)2 Turnout is total number of voters – as voters had three votes each total votes cast was higher (37,618)===1893 election===   1893 was the first election in which women could vote (the electoral act giving women the vote was passed ten weeks prior to the election). Electoral returns quantified female enrolment and turnout, and showed women's turnout was higher than men's while women's enrolment was lower.Participation by gender % Female Turnout 6,146 84.42 Enrolled females 7,280 44.13 Male Turnout 7,160 77.68 Enrolled males 9,217 55.871 Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Duthie – 4,840) and highest losing poll (Mcdonald – 3,863)2 Turnout is total number of voters – as voters had three votes each total votes cast was higher (36,102 valid, and 147 invalid votes)===1892 by-election======1890 election===   ===1878 by-election======1877 by-election======1858 by-election======1855 election===       ;Table footnotes
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