Clanis bilineata
Introduction '''''Clanis bilineata''''', the '''two-lined velvet hawkmoth''', is a moth of the family Sphingidae first described by Francis Walker in 1866.
Distribution It is found in Asia, but see the subspecies section for a detailed range.
Description The wingspan is 94–150 mm for subspecies ''C. b. bilineata'' and 94–120 mm for subspecies ''C. b. tsingtauica''.Clanis bilineata bilineata MHNT CUT 2010 0 104 Ban Van Heun Laos male dorsal.jpg|Male ''C. b. bilineata''Clanis bilineata bilineata MHNT CUT 2010 0 104 Ban Van Heun Laos male ventral.jpg|Male ''C. b. bilineata'', undersideClanis bilineata bilineata MHNT CUT 2010 0 104 Ban Van Heun Laos female dorsal.jpg|Female ''C. b. bilineata''Clanis bilineata bilineata MHNT CUT 2010 0 104 Ban Van Heun Laos female ventral.jpg|Female ''C. b. bilineata'', underside
Biology Adults of the nominate subspecies are on wing from late February until October, with peaks in April, late July-early August, and mid-September in Hong Kong. There are multiple generations per year. Subspecies ''C. b. tsingtauica'' is on wing from May to late September in Korea.Larvae of the nominate subspecies have been recorded on ''Pongamia pinnata'', ''Millettia atropurpurea'' and ''Pterocarpus marsupium'' in India. In southern China it has been recorded from ''Mucuna'' and ''Pueraria''. Subspecies ''C. b. tsingtauica'' is monophagous on Fabaceae in China, including ''Acacia'', ''Glycine'', ''Mucuna'', ''Pueraria'' and ''Robinia'' species. Other recorded food plants include ''Olea'' and ''Paulownia'' but these are almost certainly erroneous.Subspecies ''C. b. tsingtauica'' is a major pest of soya beans in China, often defoliating entire fields.
Subspecies Some authors recognise three distinct subspecies, while others regard them as synonyms:*''Clanis bilineata bilineata'' (southern India, then from Nepal and northern India (Sikkim) across southern China to Taiwan)*''Clanis bilineata formosana'' (Taiwan)*''Clanis bilineata tsingtauica'' (the Russian Far East, Japan, Korea and north-eastern China, as far south as Shaanxi and Zhejiang)Clanis bilineata formosana MHNT CUT 2010 0 72 Wushe Taiwan male dorsal.jpg|Male ''C. b. formosana''Clanis bilineata formosana MHNT CUT 2010 0 72 Wushe Taiwan male ventral.jpg|Male ''C. b. formosana'', undersideClanis bilineata formosana MHNT CUT 2010 0 72 Wushe Taiwan female dorsal.jpg|Female ''C. b. formosana''Clanis bilineata formosana MHNT CUT 2010 0 72 Wushe Taiwan female ventral.jpg|Female ''C. b. formosana'', underside
References
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