Epinotia
Introduction '''''Epinotia''''' is a very large genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae.
Species 166 species of ''Epinotia'' were considered valid as of 2009.Though many tortrix moth genera are fairly comprehensively studied, with little other than cryptic species complexes remaining undiscovered, distinct new species of ''Epinotia'' are being described every few years or so. With such a large and insufficiently known taxon, it is of course possible that the group may not be monophyletic as circumscribed here:* ''Epinotia abbreviana'' (Fabricius, 1794)* ''Epinotia abnormana'' Kuznetzov, 1973* ''Epinotia absconditana'' (Walker, 1863)* ''Epinotia aciculana'' Falkovitsh, 1965* ''Epinotia albangulana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia albicapitana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia albiguttata'' (Oku, 1974)* ''Epinotia algeriensis'' Chambon ''in'' Chambon, Fabre & Khemeci, 1990* ''Epinotia aquila'' Kuznetzov, 1968* ''Epinotia araea'' Diakonoff, 1983* ''Epinotia arctostaphylana'' (Kearfott, 1904)* ''Epinotia aridos'' Freeman, 1960* ''Epinotia atacta'' Diakonoff, 1992* ''Epinotia autonoma'' Falkovitsh, 1965* ''Epinotia autumnalis'' Oku, 2005* ''Epinotia balsameae'' Freeman, 1965* ''Epinotia biangulana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia bicolor'' (Walsingham, 1900)* ''Epinotia bicordana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia bigemina'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia bilunana''* ''Epinotia bricelus'' Diakonoff, 1992* ''Epinotia brunnichana''* ''Epinotia bushiensis'' Kawabe, 1980* ''Epinotia canthonias'' (Meyrick, 1920)* ''Epinotia caprana'' (Fabricius, 1798)* ''Epinotia castaneana'' (Walsingham, 1895)* ''Epinotia cedricida'' Diakonoff, 1969* ''Epinotia celtisana'' (Riley, 1881)* ''Epinotia cercocarpana'' (Dyar, 1903)* ''Epinotia chloana'' Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006* ''Epinotia chloizans'' Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006* ''Epinotia cineracea'' Nasu, 1991* ''Epinotia clasta'' Diakonoff, 1983* ''Epinotia columbia'' (Kearfott, 1904)* ''Epinotia contrariana'' (Christoph, 1882)* ''Epinotia corylana'' McDunnough, 1925* ''Epinotia coryli'' Kuznetzov, 1970* ''Epinotia crenana'' (Hübner, 1817)* ''Epinotia criddleana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia cruciana'' – willow tortrix* ''Epinotia cuphulana'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)* ''Epinotia dalmatana'' (Rebel, 1891)* ''Epinotia demarniana''* ''Epinotia densiuncaria'' Kuznetzov, 1985* ''Epinotia deruptana'' Kennel, 1901* ''Epinotia digitana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia dorsifraga'' Diakonoff, 1970* ''Epinotia emarginana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia ethnica'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia evidens'' Kuznetzov, 1971* ''Epinotia exquisitana'' (Christoph, 1882)* ''Epinotia festivana'' (Hübner, 1799)* ''Epinotia fraternana'' (Haworth, 1811)* ''Epinotia fujisawai'' Kawabe, 1993* ''Epinotia fumoviridana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia gimmerthaliana'' (Lienig & Zeller, 1846)* ''Epinotia granitana'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)* ''Epinotia granitalis'' (Butler, 1881)* ''Epinotia hamptonana'' (Kearfott, 1875)* ''Epinotia hesperidana'' Kennel, 1921* ''Epinotia heucherana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia hopkinsana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia huroniensis'' Brown, 1980* ''Epinotia hypsidryas'' (Meyrick, 1925)* ''Epinotia illepidosa'' (Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006)* ''Epinotia immaculata'' Peiu & Nemes, 1968* ''Epinotia immundana''* ''Epinotia improvisana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia infessana'' (Walsingham, 1900)* ''Epinotia infuscana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia intermissa'' (Meyrick, 1931)* ''Epinotia javierana'' Razowski & Pelz, 2007* ''Epinotia johnsonana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia kasloana'' McDunnough, 1925* ''Epinotia keiferana'' Lange, 1937* ''Epinotia ketamana'' (Amsel, 1956)* ''Epinotia kochiana'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)* ''Epinotia lanceata'' Razowski, 1999* ''Epinotia lindana'' – diamondback epinotia moth* ''Epinotia lomonana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia maculana''* ''Epinotia madderana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia majorana'' (Caradja, 1916)* ''Epinotia medioplagata'' (Walsingham, 1895)* ''Epinotia medioviridana'' (Kearfott, 1908)* ''Epinotia melanosticta'' (Wileman & Stringer, 1929)* ''Epinotia mercuriana''* ''Epinotia meritana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia miscana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia mniara'' Diakonoff, 1992* ''Epinotia momonana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia monticola'' Kawabe, 1993* ''Epinotia myricana'' McDunnough, 1933* ''Epinotia nanana''* ''Epinotia nemorivaga'' (Tengstrom, 1848)* ''Epinotia nigralbana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia nigralbanoidana'' McDunnough, 1929* ''Epinotia nigricana'' (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)* ''Epinotia nigristriana'' Budashkin & Zlatkov, 2011* ''Epinotia nigrovenata'' Razowski & Pelz, 2010* ''Epinotia nisella'' (Clerck, 1759)* ''Epinotia niveipalpa'' Razowski, 2009* ''Epinotia nonana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia normanana'' Kearfott, 1907* ''Epinotia notoceliana'' Kuznetzov, 1985* ''Epinotia parki'' Bae, 1997* ''Epinotia pentagonana'' Kennel, 1901* ''Epinotia penthrana'' Bradley, 1965* ''Epinotia phyloeorrhages'' Diakonoff, 1970* ''Epinotia piceae'' (Issiki ''in'' Issiki & Mutuura, 1961)* ''Epinotia piceicola'' Kuznetzov, 1970* ''Epinotia pinicola'' Kuznetzov, 1969 * ''Epinotia plumbolineana'' Kearfott, 1907* ''Epinotia pullata'' (Falkovitsh ''in'' Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962)* ''Epinotia pulsatillana'' (Dyar, 1903)* ''Epinotia purpuriciliana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia pusillana''* ''Epinotia pygmaeana'' – pygmy needle tortricid* ''Epinotia radicana'' (Heinrich, 1923)* ''Epinotia ramella''* ''Epinotia rasdolnyana'' (Christoph, 1882)* ''Epinotia rectiplicana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia removana'' McDunnough, 1935* ''Epinotia rubiginosana''* ''Epinotia rubricana'' Kuznetzov, 1968* ''Epinotia ruidosana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia sagittana'' McDunnough, 1925* ''Epinotia salicicolana'' Kuznetzov, 1968* ''Epinotia seorsa'' Heinrich, 1924* ''Epinotia septemberana'' Kearfott, 1907* ''Epinotia signatana''* ''Epinotia signiferana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia silvertoniensis'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia slovacica'' Patocka & Jaro, 1991* ''Epinotia solandriana''* ''Epinotia solicitana'' (Walker, 1863)* ''Epinotia sordidana''* ''Epinotia sotipena'' Brown, 1987* ''Epinotia sperana'' McDunnough, 1935* ''Epinotia subocellana'' (Donovan, 1806)* ''Epinotia subplicana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia subsequana'' (Haworth, 1811)* ''Epinotia subuculana'' Rebel, 1903* ''Epinotia subviridis'' Heinrich, 1929* ''Epinotia tedella''* ''Epinotia tenebrica'' Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006* ''Epinotia tenerana''* ''Epinotia terracoctana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia tetraquetrana'' (Haworth, 1811)* ''Epinotia thaiensis'' Kawabe, 1995* ''Epinotia thapsiana'' (Zeller, 1847)* ''Epinotia tianshanensis'' Liu & Nasu, 1993* ''Epinotia transmissana'' (Walker, 1863)* ''Epinotia trigonella'' (Linnaeus, 1758)* ''Epinotia trossulana'' (Walsingham, 1879)* ''Epinotia tsugana'' Freeman, 1967* ''Epinotia tsurugisana'' Oku, 2005* ''Epinotia ulmi'' Kuznetzov, 1966* ''Epinotia ulmicola'' Kuznetzov, 1966* ''Epinotia unisignana'' Kuznetzov, 1962* ''Epinotia vagana'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Epinotia vertumnana'' (Zeller, 1875)* ''Epinotia vorana'' (Strand, 1920)* ''Epinotia walkerana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia xandana'' (Kearfott, 1907)* ''Epinotia xyloryctoides'' Diakonoff, 1992* ''Epinotia yoshiyasui'' Kawabe, 1989* ''Epinotia zamorata'' Razowski, 1999* ''Epinotia zandana'' (Kearfott, 1907)
Synonyms In particular during the early to mid-19th century, when little of the diversity of ''Epinotia'' was known, it was split into many smaller genera. Today however, these are generally – but not universally, e.g. regarding the supposedly monotypic ''Griselda'', or ''Catastega'' which is here considered separate but included in ''Epinotia'' elsewhere – included here again at least pending a thorough taxonomic review. Now-invalid scientific names (junior synonyms and others) of ''Epinotia'' are:* ''Acalla'' Hübner, 1825* ''Astatia'' Hübner, 1825* ''Asthenia'' Hübner, 1825* ''Cartella'' Stephens, 1852* ''Ccalla'' (''lapsus'')* ''Curtella'' (''lapsus'')* ''Epinotis'' (''lapsus'')* ''Evertia'' (''lapsus'')* ''Evetria'' Hübner, 1825* ''Griselda'' Heinrich, 1923* ''Hamuligera'' Obraztsov, 1946* ''Hikagehamakia'' Oku, 1974* ''Hypermecia'' Guenée, 1845* ''Lithographia'' Stephens, 1852* ''Neurasthenia'' Pierce & Metcalf, 1922* ''Paedisca'' Treitschke, 1830* ''Pamplasia'' (''lapsus'')* ''Pamplusia'' Guenée, 1845* ''Panoplia'' Hübner, 1825* ''Paragrapha'' Sodoffsky, 1837* ''Phlaeodes'' Guenée, 1845* ''Phloeodes'' (''lapsus'')* ''Podisca'' (''lapsus'')* ''Poecilochroma'' Stephens, 1829* ''Proteopteryx'' Walsingham, 1879* ''Steganoptera'' (''lapsus'')* ''Steganoptica'' (''lapsus'')* ''Steganoptycha'' Stephens, 1834''Halonota'' has also been listed as junior synonym of ''Epinotia''. But its type species ''Pyralis populana'' is today placed in ''Pammene'', and thus ''Halonota'' is a junior subjective synonym of the latter genus.
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