Regional Council of Lombardy
Introduction The '''Regional Council of Lombardy''' () is the legislative assembly of Lombardy, Italy.It was first elected in 1970, when the ordinary regions were instituted, on the basis of the Constitution of Italy of 1948.
Composition The political system of the Regions of Italy was changed in 1995, when a semi-presidential system was introduced. If until that year the council was elected under a pure proportional system and the President of Lombardy was chosen and dismissed by the council, since 1995 the President and the council are jointly elected by the people.The Regional Council of Lombardy is composed of 80 members. From 1995 to 2012, 64 councillors were elected in provincial constituencies by proportional representation using the largest remainder method with a Droop quota and open lists, while 16 councillors (elected in bloc) came from a "regional list", including the President-elect. One seat was reserved for the candidate who came second. If a coalition won more than 40 seats with PR, as happened during the 2000 election, only 8 candidates from the regional list would be chosen and the number of those elected in provincial constituencies will be 72.If the winning coalition received less than 50% of votes, as happened during the 1995 election, special seats were added to the council to ensure a large majority for the President's coalition.A new Lombard electoral law was adopted on 26 October 2012.While the President of Lombardy and the leader of the opposition are still elected at-large, 78 councillors, instead of 64 as it was before, are elected by party lists under a form of semi-proportional representation. The winning coalition receives a jackpot of at least 45 seats, which are divided between all majority parties using the D'Hondt method, as it happens between the losing lists. Each party then distributes its seats to its provincial lists, where candidates are openly selected.The council is elected for a five-year term, but, if the President suffers a vote of no confidence, resigns or dies, under the ''simul stabunt, simul cadent'' clause introduced in 1999 (literally ''they will stand together or they will fall together''), also the council is dissolved and a snap election is called.The Council chooses its speaker, called President of the council (''Presidente del Consiglio'').===Political groups (2023–2028)===The council is composed of the following political groups:Party Seats Status  Brothers of Italy   Democratic Party   League – Lombard League   Forza Italia  Ideal Lombardy    Moratti for President  Five Star Movement   Action – Italia Viva   Civic Pact   Greens and Left Alliance   Us Moderates – Renaissance  By coalition:Party Seats Status 200px Centre-right coalition   Centre-left coalition   Action – Italia Viva  ===Historical composition===Pirelli Tower in Milan has been the seat of the Regional Council and related offices since 1970 Election DC PCI PSI PLI PRI PSDI MSI Others Total 7 June 1970 '''36''' 19 9 4 2 5 3 2'''80''' 15 June 1975 '''32''' 25 11 2 2 3 3 2'''80''' 8 June 1980 '''34''' 23 11 2 2 3 3 2'''80''' 12 May 1985 '''31''' 22 12 1 4 2 4 4'''80''' 6 May 1990 '''25''' 15 12 1 2 1 2 22'''80''' Election Majority Opposition Total Council President of the Region 23 April 1995 38 FI 12 AN 4 CCD 12 LN 11 PDS  5 PRC  4 PPI  2 Greens  2 PdD'''90'''100px 70pxRoberto Formigoni 16 April 2000 27 FI 11 LN 8 AN 2 CCD 2 CDU 1 PP 20 The Olive Tree 5 PRC  3 Bonino List  1 SDI '''80'''100px 3 April 2005 25 FI15 LN 9 AN 3 UDC  20 The Olive Tree  3 PRC  2 Greens 1 PP 1 PdCI 1 IdV '''80'''100px 28 March 2010 29 PdL20 LN  22 PD 4 IdV  3 UDC  1 PP 1 SEL'''80'''100px 24 February 2013(''snap election'') 19 PdL16 LN 11 Maroni List 2 FdI 1 PP 17 PD 9 M5S  5 Ambrosoli List'''80'''100px 70pxRoberto Maroni 4 March 2018 29 Lega 14 FI 3 FdI 1 Fontana List 1 NcI 1 EpI 16 PD 13 M5S 2 Gori List 1 +E'''80'''100px 70pxAttilio Fontana 12 February 2023 22 FdI 14 Lega 6 FI 5 Fontana List 1 NM  18 PD 4 Moratti List 3 M5S 3 A–IV2 Majorino List 1 AVS'''80'''100px
Presidents This is a list of the Presidents of the Regional Council (Italian: ''Presidenti del Consiglio regionale''): Name Period Regional Legislature Gino Colombo (DC) 6 July 1970  24 July 1975 I (1970)  Sergio Marvelli (PSI) 24 July 1975  20 April 1978II (1975)  Carlo Smuraglia (PCI)  20 April 1978 24 July 1980 Sergio Marvelli (PSI) 24 July 1980  6 October 1983III (1980)  Renzo Peruzzotti (PSI) 6 October 1983  18 June 1985 Ugo Finetti (PSI) 18 June 1985  5 August 1985IV (1985)  Fabio Semenza (PRI) 5 August 1985 27 June 1990 Giampietro Borghini (PCI) 27 June 1990  12 February 1992V (1990)  Claudio Bonfanti (PSI) 12 February 1992 9 December 1992 Francesco Zaccaria (PSI) 9 December 1992  19 June 1995 Giancarlo Morandi (FI) 19 June 1995  12 June 2000 VI (1995) Attilio Fontana (LN) 12 June 2000  6 June 2005 VII (2000)  6 June 2005 6 July 2006 VIII (2005) Ettore Albertoni (LN) 6 July 2006  15 July 2008  Giulio De Capitani (LN) 15 July 2008 11 May 2010 Davide Boni (LN) 11 May 2010 17 April 2012 IX (2010) Fabrizio Cecchetti (LN) 17 April 2012 27 October 2012''Regional Council suspended'' Raffaele Cattaneo (FI) 28 March 2013 5 April 2018 X (2013) Alessandro Fermi (FI) 5 April 2018 15 March 2023 XI (2018) Federico Romani (FdI) 15 March 2023 ''Incumbent'' XII (2023);Notes
See also *Regional council*Politics of Lombardy*President of Lombardy
References
External links * Regional Council of Lombardy