List of Padma Bhushan award recipients (1980–1989)
Introduction The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award of the Republic of India. Instituted on 2January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service of a high order", without distinction of race, occupation, position, or sex. The recipients receive a ''Sanad'', a certificate signed by the President of India and a circular-shaped medallion with no monetary association. The recipients are announced every year on Republic Day (26January) and registered in ''The Gazette of India''a publication used for official government notices and released weekly by the Department of Publication, under the Ministry of Urban Development. The conferral of the award is not considered official without its publication in the ''Gazette''. The name of recipient, whose award have been revoked or restored, both of which require the authority of the President, is  archived and they are required to surrender their medal when their name is struck from the register; none of the conferments of Padma Bhushan during 1980–1989 have been revoked or restored. The recommendations are received from all the state and the union territory governments, as well as from Ministries of the Government of India, the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan awardees, the Institutes of Excellence, the Ministers, the Chief Ministers and the Governors of State, and the Members of Parliament including private individuals.When instituted in 1954, the Padma Bhushan was classified as "Dusra Varg" (Class II) under the three-tier Padma Vibhushan awards, which were preceded by the Bharat Ratna in hierarchy. On 15January 1955, the Padma Vibhushan was reclassified into three different awards as the Padma Vibhushan, the Padma Bhushan and the Padma Shri. The criteria included "distinguished service of a high order in any field including service rendered by Government servants", but excluded those working with the public sector undertakings with the exception of doctors and scientists. The 1954 statutes did not allow posthumous awards; this was subsequently modified in the January 1955 statute. The design was also changed to the form that is currently in use; it portrays a circular-shaped toned bronze medallion  in diameter and  thick. The centrally placed pattern made of outer lines of a square of  side is embossed with a knob carved within each of the outer angles of the pattern. A raised circular space of diameter  is placed at the centre of the decoration. A centrally located lotus flower is embossed on the obverse side of the medal and the text "Padma" is placed above and the text "Bhushan" is placed below the lotus written in Devanagari script. The State Emblem of India is displayed in the centre of the reverse side, together with the national motto of India, "Satyameva Jayate" (Truth alone triumphs) in Devanagari script, which is inscribed on the lower edge. The rim, the edges and all embossing on either side is of standard gold with the text "Padma Bhushan" of gold gilt. The medal is suspended by a pink riband  in width with a broad white stripe in the middle. It is ranked fifth in the order of precedence of wearing of medals and decorations of the Indian civilian and military awards.After assuming office as Prime Minister of India in 1977, Morarji Desai withdrew all the civilian awards, reckoning them as "worthless and politicized". As a result, the Padma Bhushan award was not conferred to any person from 1978 until 1980 when the suspension was rescinded on 25January by Indira Gandhi, Desai's predecessor who had returned to office. Cricketer Sunil Gavaskar became the first recipient of the award since its restoration in 1980; he was the only person awarded in that year.A total of 133 awards were presented in the 1980s. Only one award was conferred in 1980 which was later followed by nine in 1981, fifteen in 1982, seventeen in both 1983 and 1984, twenty-one in 1985, fourteen in 1986, twelve in 1987, thirteen in 1988, and fourteen in 1989.The Padma Bhushan in the 1980s was also conferred upon ten foreign recipients four from the United Kingdom, three from the United States, and one each from Denmark, France, and Japan. Individuals from nine different fields were awarded, which includes twenty-eight from literature and education, twenty-five from civil services, twenty-three artists, nineteen from science and engineering, thirteen from medicine, ten from public affairs, eight from social work, four from trade and industry, and three from sportspersons. Pushpa Mittra Bhargava, scientist and founder-director of Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) who had received the award in 1986 in the field of medicine, returned it in 2015 in protest of the Dadri mob lynching and out of concern at the "prevailing socio-politico situation" in the country.
Recipients Cricketer Sunil Gavaskar (awarded in 1980) is widely considered one of the greatest opening batsmen of all time. He is the first batsman to score 10,000 runs in Test cricket.In a career spanning over sixty years, filmmaker Richard Attenborough (awarded in 1983) is best known for his eight Academy Award-winning film ''Gandhi'' (1983) and is considered "one of Britain's best-known actors and directors".Mathematician K. G. Ramanathan (awarded in 1983) is widely known for his works in number theory, mainly the analytic and arithmetic theory of quadratic forms over division algebras with involution.Known for his "bold depiction of socially controversial themes", writer and playwright Vijay Tendulkar (awarded in 1984) has 28 full-length plays to his credit, which include ''Sakharam Binder'' and ''Ghashiram Kotwal''.Founder of Self Employed Women's Association, Ela Bhatt (awarded in 1986) was consultant to UNICEF for the Bangladesh Women's Department in 1977 and was also presented with a Ramon Magsaysay Award.Aerospace scientist Roddam Narasimha (awarded in 1987) is a former Director of the National Aerospace Laboratories and the Chairman of the Engineering Mechanics Unit at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. he has authored more than 250 scientific papers and fifteen books.British politician Fenner Brockway, Baron Brockway (awarded in 1989) was co-founder of No-Conscription Fellowship.Scientist Ashesh Prasad Mitra (awarded in 1989) contributed towards research in fields of ionosphere and earth's near-space environment using ground-based and space technology. He was Director of the National Physical Laboratory of India (1982–86), Director-General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (1986–91), fellow of the Royal Society of London. He is often referred as "the doyen of upper atmospheric research in India. "Japanese politician Yoshio Sakurauchi (awarded in 1989) was chairman of the Japan-India Association for over 25 years. In that capacity, and as the Foreign Affairs Minister, he helped strengthen cultural and economic ties of India and Japan.++ Key + List of Padma Bhushan award recipients, showing the year, field, and state/country Year Recipient Field State1980  Sports  Maharashtra1981  Science & Engineering  Tamil Nadu1981  Medicine  Maharashtra1981  Social Work  Bihar1981  Civil Service  Delhi1981  Literature & Education  Orissa1981  Civil Service  West Bengal1981  Literature & Education  Uttar Pradesh1981  Arts  West Bengal1981  Social Work  Maharashtra1982  Medicine  Delhi1982  Arts  Tamil Nadu1982  Social Work  Andhra Pradesh1982  Social Work  Nagaland1982  Arts  Maharashtra1982  Literature & Education  1982  Medicine  Maharashtra1982  Science & Engineering  Delhi1982  Medicine  Delhi1982  Civil Service  Delhi1982  Medicine  Tamil Nadu1982  Medicine  Maharashtra1982  Literature & Education  Uttar Pradesh1982  Literature & Education  Rajasthan1982  Science & Engineering  Delhi1983  Arts  1983  Arts  Karnataka1983  Arts  West Bengal1983  Civil Service  Delhi1983  Literature & Education  Delhi1983  Civil Service  Kerala1983  Arts  Kerala1983  Social Work  1983  Arts  Karnataka1983  Literature & Education  Maharashtra1983  Civil Service  Goa1983  Literature & Education  West Bengal1983  Civil Service  Delhi1983  Science & Engineering  Delhi1983  Literature & Education  Assam1983  Sports  Delhi1983  Civil Service  Punjab1984  Literature & Education  1984  Literature & Education  Uttar Pradesh1984  Sports  Maharashtra1984  Arts  Tamil Nadu1984  Arts  West Bengal1984  Literature & Education  Andhra Pradesh1984  Literature & Education  Karnataka1984  Arts  Andhra Pradesh1984  Literature & Education  Uttar Pradesh1984  Arts  Madhya Pradesh1984  Literature & Education  1984  Medicine  West Bengal1984  Science & Engineering  Maharashtra1984  Civil Service  Delhi1984  Literature & Education  Punjab1984  Arts  Maharashtra1984  Literature & Education  Uttar Pradesh1985  Literature & Education  Delhi1985  Public Affairs  West Bengal1985  Literature & Education  West Bengal1985  Science & Engineering  Gujarat1985  Science & Engineering  Delhi1985  Civil Service  Delhi1985  Arts  West Bengal1985  Civil Service  Delhi1985  Arts  Maharashtra1985  Public Affairs  West Bengal1985  Arts  Tamil Nadu1985  Science & Engineering  1985  Literature & Education  Kerala1985  Social Work  Tamil Nadu1985  Science & Engineering  Karnataka1985  Literature & Education  Andhra Pradesh1985  Civil Service  Rajasthan1985  Literature & Education  Puducherry1985  Literature & Education  Punjab1985  Science & Engineering  Maharashtra1985  Civil Service  Delhi1986  Civil Service  Delhi1986  Medicine  Andhra Pradesh1986  Social Work  Gujarat1986  Civil Service  Delhi1986  Arts  West Bengal1986  Civil Service  Delhi1986  Public Affairs  1986  Science & Engineering  1986  Civil Service  Delhi1986  Public Affairs  Delhi1986  Science & Engineering  Tamil Nadu1986  Medicine  Delhi1986  Civil Service  West Bengal1986  Public Affairs  Uttar Pradesh1987  Literature & Education  Kerala1987  Arts  Maharashtra1987  Civil Service  Delhi1987  Arts  West Bengal1987  Science & Engineering  Karnataka1987  Civil Service  Maharashtra1987  Literature & Education  West Bengal1987  Civil Service  Maharashtra1987  Science & Engineering  Maharashtra1987  Civil Service  Delhi1987  Medicine  Maharashtra1987  Civil Service  Delhi1988  Public Affairs  Delhi1988  Science & Engineering  Chandigarh1988  Literature & Education  Delhi1988  Trade & Industry  Maharashtra1988  Civil Service  Delhi1988  Social Work  Maharashtra1988  Arts  Orissa1988  Literature & Education  Delhi1988  Arts  Andhra Pradesh1988  Medicine  Andhra Pradesh1988  Public Affairs  West Bengal1988  Science & Engineering  Maharashtra1988  Trade & Industry  Uttar Pradesh1989  Public Affairs  1989  Medicine  Maharashtra1989  Arts  Uttar Pradesh1989  Arts  Maharashtra1989  Literature & Education  Delhi1989  Civil Service  Maharashtra1989  Science & Engineering  Rajasthan1989  Science & Engineering  Delhi1989  Trade & Industry  Jharkhand1989  Trade & Industry  Maharashtra1989  Science & Engineering  Delhi1989  Public Affairs  1989  Public Affairs  Maharashtra1989  Medicine  Delhi
Explanatory notes ;Foreign recipients
References
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