Eriocapitella hupehensis
Introduction '''''Eriocapitella hupehensis''''', a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family Ranunculaceae, is native to Asia. The specific epithet ''hupehensis'', which means "from Hupeh (Hupei, Hubei) province, China", refers to a region where the species is known to occur. In Chinese, it is called '''dǎ pò wǎn huā huā''' (打破碗花花), which means "broken bowl flower".
Description ''Eriocapitella hupehensis'' is a perennial herbaceous plant with a rhizome-like root structure. It is a clump-forming plant with 3–5 basal leaves, each with a petiole  long. The leaf blades are ternate with a central leaflet  long and  wide. The lateral leaflets are similar to but smaller than the central leaflet. The stem is  long, occasionally up to  long. A whorl of 3 leaves (technically bracts) wraps around the stem. The stem leaves are similar in appearance to the basal leaves but somewhat smaller. The inflorescence is a cyme with 2 or 3 branches and a primary flower stalk  long. Each flower is approximately  across. In its native habitat, the flower usually has 5 sepals (no petals) but cultivated plants have double flowers with around 20 sepals. The sepals may be purple, purple-red, pink or white. In the center of the flower, there are more than 100 pistils each 1.5 mm long, surrounded by prominent yellow stamens approximately  long. The fruits are small ovoid achenes with straight styles.
Taxonomy ''Eriocapitella hupehensis'' was described by Maarten J. M. Christenhusz and James W. Byng in 2018.Like other members of genus ''Eriocapitella'', ''E. hupehensis'' was formerly a member of genus ''Anemone''. The basionym ''Anemone japonica'' var. ''hupehensis'' Lemoine was described in 1908.
Distribution ''Eriocapitella hupehensis'' is native to Asia, in the Eastern Himalaya region, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. * Eastern Himalaya: Nepal, Assam (northeast India), Tibet* East and Southeast Asia: China, Taiwan, Myanmar** Northwest China: Shaanxi** Central China: Hubei** East China: Jiangxi, Zhejiang** South China: Guangdong, Guangxi** Southwest China: Guizhou, Sichuan, YunnanThe species was introduced into Czechoslovakia, Ecuador, and Germany.
Ecology ''Eriocapitella hupehensis'' along with four other taxa (''E.'' × ''hybrida'', ''E. japonica'', ''E. tomentosa'', and ''E. vitifolia'') are known as '''fall-blooming anemones'''. In its native habitat, ''E. hupehensis'' flowers from July to October.
Cultivation ''Eriocapitella hupehensis'' and its cultivars are cultivated worldwide, especially in Asia, Europe, and South America, where naturalized populations are known to exist. In China, ''E. hupehensis'' has been cultivated since at least the 17th century, probably dating back to the Tang dynasty (618–907). Hundreds of years ago, a semi-double form of ''E. hupehensis'' escaped cultivation and spread across China to Japan and Korea. This descendant of ''E. hupehensis'', now known as ''E. japonica'', is a parent of the artificial hybrid ''E.'' × ''hybrida''.At the Chicago Botanic Garden, Rudy experimented with 26 cultivars of fall-blooming anemones over a 5-year period beginning in 1998.His experiments included three cultivars of ''E. hupehensis'': Cultivar Flower color Flower form Height Width Bloom period Bloom length ''E. hupehensis'' 'Hadspen Abundance' pale purple single 27 in. 40 in. mid Sep-early Nov 45.2 days ''E. hupehensis'' 'Praecox' pink single 50 in. 33 in. late Jul-early Oct 51.8 days ''E. hupehensis'' 'Superba' lavender pink semi-double 26 in. 29 in. early Sep-early Nov 47.2 days, the following cultivars have gained the Award of Garden Merit (AGM) from the Royal Horticultural Society:* ''E. hupehensis'' 'Bowles's Pink'* ''E. hupehensis'' 'Hadspen Abundance'
Gallery Anemone hybrida, seeds 3.jpg|SeedsAnémone Japon&fruits 2014.jpg|Flower and unripe seedheads in a private gardenWitteHeinrichFlora1868-007-Anemone hupehensis.png|''Anemone hupehensis'' by A.J. Wendel, 1868File:Japanese Anemones - Henri Fantin-Latour - ABDAG002274.jpg|Henri Fantin-Latour, Japanese Anemones, 1884
See also * ''Eriocapitella japonica''* ''Eriocapitella'' × ''hybrida''
References
Bibliography * * * * *
External links * * * * *