BAP Abtao
Introduction '''BAP ''Abtao'' (SS-42)''' is an  of the Peruvian Navy. The vessel which was originally named '''BAP ''Tiburón''''' ("Shark"), was constructed by the American Electric Boat company in the United States and launched in 1953.The ''Abtao'' class were the last submarines constructed by the United States for the export market. The submarine entered service in 1954 and by presidential decree, was renamed ''Abtao'' for the battle during the Chincha Islands War. Armed with six  torpedo tubes and a /25 caliber gun, the  submarine took part in the rescue of the crew of , another submarine that had sunk following a collision. ''Abtao'' was taken out of service in 1999 and converted into a museum ship located in Lima, Peru. ''Abtao'' was the first museum ship in Latin America.
Design and description The ''Abtao'' class were a modified version of the United States World War II  design. ''Abtao'' had a surfaced displacement of  and  submerged. It measured  long overall with a beam of  and a draft of . The submarine was powered by a diesel-electric system composed of two General Motors single-acting Type 278A diesel engines and two electric motors turning two props rated at . ''Abtao'' had a maximum speed of  when surfaced and  submerged. The vessel carried  of diesel fuel and had a range of  at 10 knots at snorkel depth. ''Abtao'' was armed with six  torpedo tubes with four located in the bow and two aft. Two vessels of the class, ''Abtao'' had a /25 caliber gun mounted abaft the sail. The gun was manually sighted. The submarine was equipped with SS-2A radar and BQR-3 and BQA-1A sonar. In 1981, ''Abtao''s batteries were replaced and following that, Thomson Sintra Eledone active/passive intercept sonar was installed. The submarine had a complement of 40 officers and ratings.
Construction and career The Peruvian Navy initially ordered two submarines from Electric Boat on 8 December 1951 based on the United States Navy's ''Mackerel'' design. The two submarines, ''Tiburón'' ("Shark") and ''Lobo'' ("Wolf") were laid down on 12 May 1952 at the shipyard in Groton, Connecticut, United States. ''Tiburón'' was launched on 27 October 1953 and commissioned on 20 February 1954. ''Tiburón'' and the rest of this class was the last submarines constructed by the United States for the export market. A decree in April 1957 by the President of Peru, Manuel Prado Ugarteche, ordered that the names of the vessels be changed to those of famous Peruvian battles. ''Tiburón''  was renamed ''Abtao'' for the battle in the Chincha Islands War. Originally assigned pennant number 5, in 1959 ''Abtao'' was designated SS-2, then renumbered SS-42 in 1960. ''Abtao'' underwent a refit at Groton in 1965.In 1988, ''Abtao'' took part in the rescue of the crew of the submarine  which had sunk after a collision with the fishing vessel ''Kiowa Maru''. ''Abtao'' was removed from service on 10 May 1999 and placed in reserve. The ship was removed from naval service on 10 March 2000 and converted into a museum ship on 28 January 2004 in Lima, Peru due to the work of the Peruvian Navy, the Provincial Council of Callao, and the Marina Yacht Club SA Entities. ''Abtao''s opening as a museum was the first time a ship had been turned into a museum in Latin America.
See also * Museum ships of the Peruvian Navy
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