Hemicyoninae
Introduction '''Hemicyoninae''' is an extinct subfamily of Ursidae, often called '''dog bears''' (literally "half dog" (Greek:  )). They were bear-like carnivorans living in Europe, North America, Africa and Asia during the Oligocene through Miocene epochs 33.9–5.3 Ma, existing for approximately . They are sometimes classified as a separate family.
Systematics The hemicyonines consists of three tribes: the '''Cephalogalini''', '''Phoberocyonini''', and '''Hemicyonini'''. In the past the hemicyonines were evaluated into family level ('''Hemicyonidae'''). However the vast majority of papers and researchers that cover the evolution of bears often classified them as an extinct subfamily of ursids or stem-bears. The genus ''Agriotherium'' was once classified as a hemicyonine but recent work has shown the genus is a crown-ursid. * Subfamily †'''Hemicyoninae''' Frick, 1926** Tribe †'''Cephalogalini''' de Bonis, 2013*** †''Adelpharctos'' de Bonis, 1971**** †''Adelpharctos ginsburgi'' de Bonis, 2011**** †''Adelpharctos mirus'' de Bonis, 1971*** †''Cyonarctos'' de Bonis, 2013**** †''Cyonarctos dessei'' de Bonis, 2013*** †''Phoberogale'' Ginsburg & Morales, 1995**** †''Phoberogale minor'' (Filhol, 1877)**** †''Phoberogale bonali'' (Helbing, 1928)**** †''Phoberogale depereti'' (Viret, 1929)**** †''Phoberogale gracile'' (Pomel, 1847)*** †''Filholictis'' de Bonis, 2013**** †''Filholictis filholi'' (Munier-Chalmas, 1877)*** †''Cephalogale'' Jourdan, 1862**** †''Cephalogale shareri'' Wang, et al., 2009**** †''Cephalogale gergoviensis'' Viret, 1929**** †''Cephalogale ginesticus'' Kuss, 1962**** †''Cephalogale geoffroyi'' Jourdan, 1862** Tribe †'''Phoberocyonini''' Ginsburg & Morales, 1995*** †''Plithocyon'' Ginsburg, 1955**** †''Plithocyon armagnacensis'' Ginsburg, 1955**** †''Plithocyon statzlingii'' (Frick, 1926)**** †''Plithocyon bruneti'' Ginsburg, 1980**** †''Plithocyon barstowensis'' (Frick, 1926)**** †''Plithocyon ursinus'' (Cope, 1875)*** †''Phoberocyon'' Ginsburg, 1955**** †''Phoberocyon hispanicus'' Ginsburg & Morales, 1998**** †''Phoberocyon dehmi'' Ginsburg, 1955**** †''Phoberocyon huerzeleri'' Ginsburg, 1955**** †''Phoberocyon aurelianensis'' (Mayet, 1908)**** †''Phoberocyon youngi'' Xiang et al., 1986**** †''Phoberocyon johnhenryi'' (White, 1947)** Tribe †'''Hemicyonini''' Frick, 1926*** †''Zaragocyon'' Ginsburg & Morales, 1995**** †''Zaragocyon daamsi'' Ginsburg & Morales, 1995*** †''Dinocyon'' Jourdan, 1861**** †''Dinocyon aurelianensis'' Frick, 1926**** †''Dinocyon sansaniensis'' Frick, 1926**** †''Dinocyon thenardi'' Jourdan, 1861*** †''Hemicyon'' Lartet, 1851**** †''Hemicyon barbouri'' Colbert, 1941**** †''Hemicyon teilhardi'' Colbert, 1939**** †''Hemicyon grivensis'' Frick, 1926**** †''Hemicyon minor'' Dépéret, 1887**** †''Hemicyon sansaniensis'' Lartet, 1851
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