2018/round2/ethan_path.cpp

// Ethan Finds the Shortest Path
// Solution by Jacob Plachta

#define DEBUG 0

#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <numeric>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <complex>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstring>
#include <cassert>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <deque>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <bitset>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

#define LL long long
#define LD long double
#define PR pair<int,int>

#define Fox(i,n) for (i=0; i<n; i++)
#define Fox1(i,n) for (i=1; i<=n; i++)
#define FoxI(i,a,b) for (i=a; i<=b; i++)
#define FoxR(i,n) for (i=(n)-1; i>=0; i--)
#define FoxR1(i,n) for (i=n; i>0; i--)
#define FoxRI(i,a,b) for (i=b; i>=a; i--)
#define Foxen(i,s) for (i=s.begin(); i!=s.end(); i++)
#define Min(a,b) a=min(a,b)
#define Max(a,b) a=max(a,b)
#define Sz(s) int((s).size())
#define All(s) (s).begin(),(s).end()
#define Fill(s,v) memset(s,v,sizeof(s))
#define pb push_back
#define mp make_pair
#define x first
#define y second

template<typename T> T Abs(T x) { return(x<0 ? -x : x); }
template<typename T> T Sqr(T x) { return(x*x); }
string plural(string s) { return(Sz(s) && s[Sz(s)-1]=='x' ? s+"en" : s+"s"); }

const int INF = (int)1e9;
const LD EPS = 1e-12;
const LD PI = acos(-1.0);

#if DEBUG
#define GETCHAR getchar
#else
#define GETCHAR getchar_unlocked
#endif

bool Read(int &x)
{
	char c,r=0,n=0;
	x=0;
		for(;;)
		{
			c=GETCHAR();
				if ((c<0) && (!r))
					return(0);
				if ((c=='-') && (!r))
					n=1;
				else
				if ((c>='0') && (c<='9'))
					x=x*10+c-'0',r=1;
				else
				if (r)
					break;
		}
		if (n)
			x=-x;
	return(1);
}

struct Edge {
	int a,b,w;
	Edge(int a,int b,int w):a(a),b(b),w(w){}
};

int main()
{
		if (DEBUG)
			freopen("in.txt","r",stdin);
	// vars
	int T,t;
	int N,K;
	int i,d;
	vector<Edge> E;
	// testcase loop
	Read(T);
		Fox1(t,T)
		{
			// input
			Read(N),Read(K);
			// construct graph
			E.clear();
			d=K;
			E.pb(Edge(1,N,K--));
				if ((N<3) || (K<2))
					d=0;
				else
				{
					FoxI(i,2,N-1)
					{
						d-=K;
						E.pb(Edge(i-1,i,K--));
							if ((K==1) || (i==N-1))
							{
								d-=K;
								E.pb(Edge(i,N,K));
								break;
							}
					}
				}
			// output
			printf("Case #%d: %d\n%d\n",t,Abs(d),Sz(E));
				Fox(i,Sz(E))
					printf("%d %d %d\n",E[i].a,E[i].b,E[i].w);
		}
	return(0);
}