title: Sum Of All Elements Up To Nth Row In A Pascals Triangle
signature: sumOfAllElementsUpToNthRowInAPascalsTriangle :: Integer -> Integer
  sumOfAllElementsUpToNthRowInAPascalsTriangle n = 
test_code: import Text.Printf
  import Control.Exception (catch, SomeException)
  import Data.Typeable
  import qualified Data.List as List
  import qualified Data.Map as Map
  import qualified Data.Set as Set
  
  -- SOLUTION CODE
  -- ============================================
  
  PLACEHOLDER_CODE_BODY
  
  -- TESTING CODE 
  -- ============================================
  validateSolution :: Integer -> Integer -> Bool
  validateSolution actual expected = do
      actual == expected
  
  
  driver :: Integer -> Integer -> String
  driver n expected = do
      if (validateSolution (PLACEHOLDER_FN_NAME n) expected)
          then "PASSED"
      else "FAILED"
  
  main = do
      printf "TEST-0...%s\n" (driver (21) (2097151) )
  
      printf "TEST-1...%s\n" (driver (4) (15) )
  
      printf "TEST-2...%s\n" (driver (31) (2147483647) )
  
      printf "TEST-3...%s\n" (driver (38) (274877906943) )
  
      printf "TEST-4...%s\n" (driver (36) (68719476735) )
  
      printf "TEST-5...%s\n" (driver (32) (4294967295) )
  
      printf "TEST-6...%s\n" (driver (23) (8388607) )
  
source_py: def sum_of_all_elements_up_to_nth_row_in_a_pascals_triangle(n):
      sum = 0
      for row in range(n):
          sum = (sum + (1 << row))
      return sum
source_cpp: long long int sum_of_all_elements_up_to_nth_row_in_a_pascals_triangle(int n) {
    long long int sum = 0;
    for ( int row = 0;
    row < n;
    row ++ ) {
      sum = sum + ( 1 << row );
    }
    return sum;
  }