title: Write A C Program To Find The Parity Of An Unsigned Integer
signature: function write_a_c_program_to_find_the_parity_of_an_unsigned_integer(n)
test_code: using Printf
  
  # SOLUTION CODE
  # ============================================
  PLACEHOLDER_CODE_BODY
  
  # TESTING CODE 
  # ============================================
  function validate_solution(actual, expected)
      return actual == expected
  end
  
  function driver(n, expected)
      try
  
          if validate_solution(PLACEHOLDER_FN_NAME(n), expected)
              return "PASSED";
          end
          return "FAILED";
      catch exception_obj
          return string(Base.typename(typeof(exception_obj)).wrapper);
      end
  end
  
  function main()
      
      result = driver(63, 0);
      @printf("TEST-0...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(64, -1);
      @printf("TEST-1...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(85, 0);
      @printf("TEST-2...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(36, 0);
      @printf("TEST-3...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(20, 0);
      @printf("TEST-4...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(63, 0);
      @printf("TEST-5...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(42, -1);
      @printf("TEST-6...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(19, -1);
      @printf("TEST-7...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(62, -1);
      @printf("TEST-8...%s\n",result);
      
      result = driver(97, -1);
      @printf("TEST-9...%s\n",result);
      
  end
  
  main()
source_py: def write_a_c_program_to_find_the_parity_of_an_unsigned_integer(n):
      parity = 0
      while n:
          parity = (~ parity)
          n = (n & (n - 1))
      return parity
source_cpp: bool write_a_c_program_to_find_the_parity_of_an_unsigned_integer(unsigned int n) {
    bool parity = 0;
    while ( n ) {
      parity = ! parity;
      n = n & ( n - 1 );
    }
    return parity;
  }