and by the late upanishads, > the first seven mantras of second khanda of first mundakam explain how man has been called upon, promised benefits for, scared unto and misled into performing sacrifices, oblations and pious works.[24] in verses 1.2.7 through 1.2.10, the upanishad asserts this is foolish and frail, by those who encourage it and those who follow it, because it makes no difference to man's current life and after-life, it is like blind men leading the blind, it is a mark of conceit and vain knowledge, ignorant inertia like that of children, a futile useless practice.[24][25] > but frail, in truth, are those boats, the sacrifices, the eighteen, in which these ceremonies have been told, > fools who praise this as the highest good, are subject again and again to old age and death. > fools dwelling in darkness, wise in their own conceit, and puffed up with vain knowledge, > go round and round, staggering to and from, like blind men led by the blind. > mundaka upanishad, 1.2.7 - 1.2.8[24][25] in fact they even reject the 4 vedas as meaninful for liberation > angiras answered, states verse 1.1.4 of the mundaka upanishad, by classifying all knowledge into two: "lower knowledge" (apara vidya) and "higher knowledge" (para vidya).[15] hume calls these two forms of knowledge as "traditions of religion" and "knowledge of the eternal" respectively.[17] the lower knowledge includes knowledge of four vedas, phonetics, grammar, etymology, meter, astrology, and the knowledge of sacrifices and rituals.[19] some manuscripts of manduka upanishad expand the list of lower knowledge to include logic, history, puranas and dharma.[20] the higher knowledge is the means by which one can comprehend the imperishable (aksara, brahman). it is the knowledge of brahman - the one which cannot be seen, seized, has no origin, varna,[21] eyes, ears, hands, or feet; it is the eternal, all-pervading, infinitesimal, imperishable, indestructible.[22][17]
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