> yezid sayigh, from the carnegie center for the middle east in beirut: > tens of thousands of military personnel were fired, there was a terrible deterioration of the livings standars, widespread corruption, food shortages  even in the armed forces  which alienated even the alawite community, which dominates the upper echelons of the syrian military hierarchy. iran could not provide military assistance, because the us and israel now dominate most of the syrian airspace. at the same time, iran and iraq both considered to be impossible to save assad after the us congress enacted sweeping sanctions on june 2020 that greatly impoverished the war-torn country. assad's soldiers only received us$ 15 per month, therefore they could barely even eat.
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