however, there is an example of indenture through anthony johnson who was an african from present-day angola. he had been brought to one of the british colonies in america to work on a tobacco farm in 1619. in 1622, he nearly died when powhatan indians attacked his farm, killing 52 of the 57 people present. it was also while on this farm that he married a black servant girl. when anthony was freed, he was legally recognized as a free negro and successfully farmed his land through hard work and intelligence. by 1651, he owned 250 acres (100 hectares) and five african indentured servants. then in 1654 johnson should have released john casor, one of his servants. instead, anthony told casor he was extending his time. casor fled and became the employee of a white farmer, robert parker. anthony johnson immediately took robert parker to court in northampton and, in 1655, the court ruled that anthony johnson could hold john casor indefinitely. the court thus authorized free blacks to own beings of their own race as chattel, i.e. as slaves. this is how john casor became the first lifelong slave (or the second, after john punch) and anthony johnson the first american slave owner.
Muslim