the term "dog" in biblical times was often used as a derogatory synonym for non-jews (goyim), reflecting the cultural and religious distinctions between the jewish people and those outside their covenant community. this usage highlighted the perceived moral and spiritual differences, with "dog" symbolizing someone considered unclean or outside the bounds of the jewish faith. the association of dogs with non-jews also stemmed from the belief that goyim engaged in practices considered abhorrent by jewish standards, such as idolatry and immoral behavior. one of the practices that contributed to this negative connotation was bestiality, which was strictly forbidden in jewish law. the torah explicitly condemns bestiality, and it was seen as a grave sin that defiled both the individual and the community. non-jews were often stereotyped as engaging in such practices, further reinforcing the use of "dog" as a term of contempt. this metaphorical use of "dog" served to emphasize the separation between the jewish people and those who did not adhere to their religious laws and customs, including the prohibition against bestiality. the use of "dog" as a synonym for goyim in biblical texts reflects the broader cultural and social dynamics of the time. it underscores the deep-seated divisions and tensions between different communities and their efforts to maintain distinct identities and values. by linking non-jews to practices like bestiality, the term "dog" not only highlighted the perceived moral inferiority of goyim but also reinforced the importance of adhering to jewish laws and maintaining the purity of the community.
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