first reply of two:  in response to this, it's important to consider whether applying the same theoretical model to other elements would result in similar spectral line shifts. firstly, the model proposed in the paper attributes the redshift to the electrical polarization effects within hydrogen atoms at extremely high concentrationscomparable to those found in solid matter (about 10^22 atoms per cubic centimeter). if we were to apply this model to other elements, we would need to examine several factors: atomic differences: different elements have unique atomic structures and electron configurations. the spectral lines of elements other than hydrogen arise from different electronic transitions, and their response to electric polarization would not be identical. the lorentz oscillator model used in the paper is a classical approach that doesn't accurately capture the quantum mechanical nature of atomic spectra, especially for elements heavier than hydrogen. concentration feasibility: achieving the required concentrations for significant redshift effects is even less plausible for other elements. elements heavier than hydrogen are far less abundant in the universe. in most astrophysical environments, the concentrations of these elements are orders of magnitude lower than that of hydrogen.
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