you're still not getting it.  the reason i mention chess is just an example of a program which operates on learned rules rather than explicit design by the programmer. it's an analogy, midwit. and by the way chess was something that took tremendous effort to design a program capable of beating a human. you are dismissive now, but i doubt you could code one that could beat the world champion. it is an amazing achievement that we have such programs easily available to us now
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