This article on "Being hopeful is being positive” will boost your confidence to be successful in Written Ability Test.
We all know that life is not a bed of roses. There are ups and downs in life and more often than not, we face challenges, which can be distressing to an individual. However, the key to leading a happy life is by being hopeful and optimistic that there is light at the end of a tunnel.
When you are hopeful, you believe that tomorrow will be better than today. You make decisions that will lead you in that direction and ultimately, you have a positive outlook on life.
On the other hand, those who are pessimistic and do not believe in hope, feel that they are fighting a losing battle. Everyday seems like a struggle that is never ending. This in turn reflects on their decisions and they put a negative spin on everything.
People who are hopeful of a better tomorrow are not easily weighed down by failures. They believe that failure is part and parcel of life and it helps in learning from mistakes so that he/she does not repeat them in the future. This is what being positive really means.
Even in adversities, you make the most of it and learn from your failures so that you do not make a bigger blunder in future.
Be it a joyous moment or a painful instance, you should always keep in mind that life is a journey of learning. Just like how our life doesn’t stop, learning too doesn’t end. It continues throughout our lives and we learn lessons everyday which will help us in one way or the other.
Being hopeful indeed means that you have a positive outlook on life. Hope is what keeps us alive, helps us maintain our goals and lead a fulfilling life. By being hopeful, you not only make your life a living paradise but emit positive vibes that will keep people around you happy and jubilant.


King County Flood Control District and King County have translated flood preparedness information in 21 languages to help eliminate language barriers for residents and improve community resiliency.
Flooding is the most common winter weather disaster and one which many residents – especially new residents, refugees or non-English speakers – are unprepared. From river flooding to urban drain and stream flooding, “Be Flood Ready” is a print resource available in the top 21 languages spoken in King County.
“While we haven’t seen widespread flooding this winter, the flood season is far from over and we want to make sure language is not a barrier to people being prepared,” said Reagan Dunn, Chair of the King County Flood Control District. “We want to raise awareness about available resources and best practices so that everyone can reduce the risk of flooding to themselves, their homes and their families.”
An estimated 170 languages are spoken in King County, and the “Be Flood Ready” brochure has been translated into: Spanish, Vietnamese, Russian, Punjabi, Tagalog, Cambodian, Oromo, Hmong, Somali, Chinese, Laotian, Japanese, Hindi, French, Korean, Ukrainian, Amharic, Arabic, Farsi, Tigrinya and Samoan.
The brochure is available digitally online at kingcounty.gov/floodservices or in print by request. Requests can be sent to King County’s River and Floodplain Management team at firstname.lastname@example.org or 206-477-4812. Interpreter services are available.
The website also has videos in the same 21 languages on flood preparedness that are available for sharing online or via social media.
The “Be Flood Ready” brochure and associated flood preparedness videos are part of the King County Flood Control District’s and King County’s annual campaign to protect public safety and minimize costly flood damage.
# # #
The King County Flood Control District is a special purpose government created to provide funding and policy oversight for flood protection projects and programs in King County. The Flood Control District’s Board is composed of the members of the King County Council. The Water and Land Resources Division of the King County Department of Natural Resources and Parks develops and implements the approved flood protection projects and programs. Information is available at kingcountyfloodcontrol.org.


Tips For Exercising At Home
Increasing blood circulation is the best way to carry essential nutrients to the cells in our bodies and helps to eliminate waste and toxins built-up in our systems. A good way to improve blood circulation is by simply stretching. Stretching will help reduce injury before exercising and increase muscle tone.
You should keep track of all of the calories you're consuming on a daily basis. It's one thing to work out to get into shape, but monitoring your diet also takes a toll in how fast you get fit. You have to work hard at getting into shape by exercising both your body and regulating your eating habits.
To keep physically fit, it is important to remember that daily or at least frequent exercise is important. Exercising only once a week, even if it's for a long period of time, will not be as effective as exercising for a short time every day. Consistency is key in keeping fit.
To really get some great legs, add some standing and sitting calf raises to your exercising routine. Doing both sitting and standing versions, work out both sets of muscles in the legs. Adding these to your workout will not only make your legs look great, but will allow you to get better results than with other leg exercises.
To stay hydrated, limit your intake of alcohol and caffeine. These two chemicals dehydrate your body and can leach nutrients from your bloodstream. The best drink for your body is pure water. Remember, you can lose a lot of water when exercising by sweating, so consider having an electrolyte replacement drink after workouts.
Think like the tortoise and not necessarily the hare! For some people long periods of slow low-intensity exercise can be more beneficial than short bursts of activity. Take a long walk with your mate in the evenings, play a game of croquet, or show your stuff in a game of horse shoes. Do something that relieves your mind while slowly exercising your body.
You can do more than traditional abdominal exercises to build great abs. Dead-lifts and squats are shown to build ab muscles. Studies have shown that by doing these two exercises your abdominal muscles are forced to do a lot of work in order to maintain your posture while exercising.
Exercising and staying in shape has many benefits, including beautiful skin. Staying physically fit, not only helps your body to look good, but it helps keep a clean, youthful complexion. Exercise calms the nerves, increases circulation and promotes a deeper, more revitalizing sleep, all of which helps your skin to look amazing.
Include all different kinds of exercise in your workout regime. You won't get bored and you will be able to experience different ways to get fit that you may not have tried. Keep the most physically demanding workouts for when you feel at your best, and the most soothing workouts for times when you don't feel like exercising at all.
When beginning a fitness routine start out slowly. If you try to start out at a high intensity, chances are you'll burn out quickly and stop exercising all together. It's also possible you could get hurt by doing something your body isn't ready for and then it will be impossible to exercise.


Don't treat it like trash, and plastic becomes a lot more interesting. In 1947,
Thor Heyerdahl and a crew of five men crossed the Pacific Ocean on the Kon-Tiki
, a craft comprised of natural materials and modeled after ancient Incan rafts. This summer, David de Rothschild, the banking scion and the founder of Adventure Ecology, is embarking on The Plastiki
Expedition, for which he's setting sail on a vessel comprised almost entirely of repurposed plastic bottles. The journey will take him and his crew from San Francisco to Australia's Sydney Harbor, passing through the North Pacific Gyre, in part, to raise awareness about our reckless consumption of plastic."We're producing two hundred million tons of plastic a year, much of which is single-use, throw-away," says de Rothschild. "There's roughly 100 million tons of plastic in our oceans. The important point to convey is that it's huge concentrations of plastic across our entire oceans, not just in one area."He and his team of engineers have spent countless hours attempting to transform thousands of water bottles into a seaworthy vessel. It's his hope that doing so will give the material new value.A successful Plastiki
journey would speak to the resiliency of a material that should be treated as precious, not simply problematic: "If we can take that energy that we use to vilify it to understand it, then we might be in a smarter position. I think the knee-jerk reaction to plastic is that it's the enemy. But we're trying to both beat waste and showcase waste as a resource," he explains. "It's a lot more versatile than we originally thought, and also a lot stronger."Plastic bottles might seem flimsy, but the boat builders found that plastic is nearly three quarters the strength of fiberglass, even though it weighs half as much. A new perspective on plastic could have repercussions far beyond the Plastiki
trip. Says de Rothschild: "What we're learning isn't just about using repurposed or cradle-to-cradle plastic in the boating industry."Rendering by Peter Rubin. An earlier version of this story appeared online here. This is the version that ran in the magazine.


1700s Teacher Resources
Find 1700s educational lesson plans and worksheets
Showing 1 - 24 of 1,119 resources
A Ticket to Philly—In 1769: Thinking about Cities, Then and Now
While cities had only a small fraction of the population in colonial America, they played a significant role in pre-revolutionary years, and this was certainly true for the largest city in the North American colonies: Philadelphia. Your...
4th - 8th CCSS: Adaptable
The Early Eighteenth Century: American Romanticism
What are some characteristics of works that are derived from the 18th century? This presentation highlights key events and cultural issues that shaped early American works in the 18th century. Use this PowerPoint to introduce all works...
10th - Higher Ed
Picturing History: John Singleton Copley and British Portraiture
Students observe and compare 18th century British portraits with those made by John Singleton Copley. By conducting research they explore the cultural climate of the portraits in order to write a historically accurate story.
5th - 11th
Britannia Rule the Waves
New ReviewCould you determine longitude based on measuring time? Early explorers used a longitude clock to do just that. Scholars learn about early exploration and the importance of the invention of the clock. Then pupils build their own longitude...
9th - 11th CCSS: Adaptable
Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Slavery During the Colonial Period
Students read and interpret an eighteenth-century document make inferences about the nature and characteristics of slavery, communicate findings via annotated diagrams, & develop a comprehensive picture of picture of slavery in...
6th - 12th
Pride and Prejudice: Directed Reading Thinking Activity
Can you judge a book by its cover? Decide who and what Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice is about with a prediction activity. Before reading the first three chapters of the book, kids answer questions based on their interpretation of the...
7th - 10th CCSS: Adaptable
Looking at French Decorative Arts: The Science of Good Design
Students examine the style of an 18th-century compound microscope and its case. In this scientific design lesson, students look at Jacques Caffieri's, "Compound Microscope and Case" before comparing the design to a modern microscope....
9th - 12th
On the Run: What Was Necessary To Plan an Escape From Slavery in 18th Century America?
Students identify and discuss characteristics of runaway slaves in 18th Century, read A Narrative of the Adventures and Escapes of Moses, select five advertisements for Virginia Runaways Digital Project to complete On the Run worksheet,...
6th - 8th
Kabuki: The People's Dramatic Art
Discover the kabuki form of Japanese classical theater performance and its reflection of the historical evolution of Japanese government and culture. As the first dramatic performance form catering to the common people, kabuki is shaped...
4 mins 9th - 12th CCSS: Adaptable


Incidence of Fusarium foot and root rot of cereals under conservation agriculture in north west Tunisia
- direct drilling,
- conventional drilling,
- Fusarium foot and root rot,
How to Cite
Conservation agriculture, based on direct drilling for crop establishment, has emerged in Tunisia since 1999/2000 as an alternative to conventional agriculture based on conventional drilling. The main objective of this approach is to ensure yield stability from crops and replenishment of soil organic matter. Previous research has demonstrated increased risks from pathogens favoured by mulching. The impacts of direct drilling on yields, and Fusarium foot and root rot of durum wheat, oat and barley, were studied over three successive growing seasons (2009/10, 2010/11, 2011/12) in northwest Tunisia. Disease incidence was estimated by the recovery frequency of Fusarium spp. isolates from stem bases and roots of plants of the three cereals. In addition, disease severity was assessed by occurrence of whiteheads that senesced prematurely, and the browning intensity on durum wheat stem bases. Grain yields were recorded at the ripening stages. Fusarium culmorum and F. pseudograminearum were isolated from the three cereals, with F. culmorum being the dominant pathogen. Direct drilling increased the incidence (60%) of these pathogens on stem bases and roots during the warmer seasons of 2009/10 and 2010/11, but less infection (37%) compared to conventional drilling was observed in the wetter season of 2011/12. Direct drilling increased the percentage of whiteheads of durum wheat (73%), but did not affect disease severity, which was estimated by the discolouration on stem bases and grain yield.


Microbes that live in rice paddies northern peat bogs and other previously unexpected environments are among the bacteria that can generate highly toxic methylmercury researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the Smithsonian Environmental Research ... - Read More
shows promise as a much needed new “biosorbent” for removing lead and other potentially toxic heavy metals from contaminated water “Cilantro may seem too pricey for use in decontaminating large amounts of water for drinking ... - Read More
are topics that have received much attention in both the media and research community While the environmental footprint of IT devices is indeed significant a singular focus on their direct impacts ignores the indirect environmental ... - Read More
Mercury a common industrial toxin is carried through the atmosphere before settling on the ocean and entering the marine food web Now exciting new research from the University of Michigan and the University of Hawai'i ... - Read More
Artists and craftsmen more than 2 000 years ago developed thin film coating technology unrivaled even by today's standards for producing DVDs solar cells electronic devices and other products Understanding these sophisticated metal plating techniques ... - Read More
Environmental researchers at Harvard University have published evidence that significant reductions in mercury emissions will be necessary just to stabilize current levels of the toxic element in the environment So much mercury persists in surface ... - Read More
Light emitting diodes or LEDs are the most efficient and environmentally friendly light bulbs on the market But they come at a higher up front price than other bulbs especially the ones with warmer and ... - Read More
the bodies of most Americans Once perceived as harmless phthalates have come under increasing scrutiny A growing collection of evidence suggests dietary exposure to phthalates which can leech from packaging and mix with food may ... - Read More
People with higher levels of cadmium in their urine evidence of chronic exposure to the heavy metal found in industrial emissions and tobacco smoke appear to be nearly 3.5 times more likely to die of ... - Read More
Breathing oxygen can be hazardous to your health Share This See Also Extreme Survival Bacteria Fish Geochemistry Earth Science Caving Microorganism Antioxidant Saliva Oxygen Indeed our bodies aren't perfect They make mistakes among them producing ... - Read More
The chemical element bromine whose compounds contribute significantly to the depletion of ozone in the lower atmosphere is also released in polar regions to a great extent from snow on land This is the result ... - Read More
Could algae that feast on wastewater produce clean bio fuels and a healthful supply of fish food Can impoverished African community gardeners learn to use and maintain a simple centuries old non electric water pump ... - Read More
A Kiel based research group has discovered nano crystals at the interface between two liquids Share This See Also Nature of Water Inorganic Chemistry Physics Graphene Chemistry Materials Science Mechanics Liquid Particle accelerator Surface tension ... - Read More
The cost of complying with tougher EPA air quality standards could spur an increased shift away from coal and toward natural gas for electricity generation according to a new Duke University study Share This See ... - Read More
What was in Dr F G Johnson’s French Female Pills and other scientifically untested elixirs nostrums and other quack cures that were the only medicines available to sick people during the 18th 19th and early ... - Read More
Scientists at the Department of Physics of the University of Oulu have teamed up with scientists in France Russia and Japan to propose a new experimental method for researching positively charged ions The study In ... - Read More
A multi university team of researchers has artificially engineered a unique multilayer material that could lead to breakthroughs in both superconductivity research and in real world applications Share This See Also Materials Science Civil Engineering ... - Read More
By identifying two genes required for transforming inorganic into organic mercury which is far more toxic scientists have just taken a significant step toward protecting human health Share This See Also Genes Human Biology Dentistry Chemistry ... - Read More
Chemists at the University of Burgos Spain have manufactured a sheet that changes colour in the presence of water contaminated with mercury The results can be seen with the naked eye but when photographing the ... - Read More
Tell us what you think of Chemistry 2011 -- we welcome both positive and negative comments. Have any problems using the site? Questions?
Chemistry2011 is an informational resource for students, educators and the self-taught in the field of chemistry. We offer resources such as course materials, chemistry department listings, activities, events, projects and more along with current news releases.
The history of the domain extends back to 2008 when it was selected to be used as the host domain for the International Year of Chemistry 2011 as designated by UNESCO and as an initiative of IUPAC that celebrated the achievements of chemistry. You can learn more about IYC2011 by clicking here. With IYC 2011 now over, the domain is currently under redevelopment by The Equipment Leasing Company Ltd.
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Herbert L. Needleman, a pediatrician and psychiatrist who demonstrated in the late 1970s that children exposed to even small amounts of lead could suffer intellectual and behavioral deficits, a finding that spurred and emboldened wide-ranging safety regulations, died Tuesday at an assisted living center in Pittsburgh. He was 89.
The cause was pulmonary edema, said his daughter, Sara Needleman Kline.
Needleman, who was associated most recently with the University of Pittsburgh, spent the better part of his professional life crusading against what he termed the “national disaster” of lead poisoning among children.
His research attracted the anger of lead industry executives and the criticism of some scientific researchers who considered his research flawed. But Needleman also earned the admiration of colleagues who regarded him as a dogged and creative scientist, one who forced national attention on a scourge that threatened the well-being and future of millions of children.
Before environmental laws curtailed its application, lead was widely added to paint used in homes and schools, to varnish used on toys, to plumbing pipes and to fuel for cars.
By the time Needleman was practicing medicine in the 1950s, physicians knew significant exposure to lead could cause lead poisoning, a condition that, in extreme cases, could result in seizures and death. The effects of minor exposure, however, were not well understood.
Needleman first encountered the toxin in the infant ward at a children’s hospital in Philadelphia. If the child “eats more paint,” he recalled telling her mother, “there’s no question she’ll be brain damaged.”
“Where can I go?” the mother replied. “Any house I can afford will be no different from the house I live in now.”
Haunted by the experience, Needleman devised an experiment years later, while working at Harvard Medical School, to measure the effects of lead poisoning. He and colleagues collected and analyzed baby teeth of Boston-area children. The pulp in teeth, more than blood samples, reveals the long-term buildup of lead in the body.
The researchers measured the participants’ IQs, as well as surveying teachers about their classroom behavior.
The results, published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1979, were marked. The mean IQ of children with high lead levels was more than 4 points lower than that of children with low lead levels.
Teachers also reported that children with high lead levels more commonly had difficulty following instructions. Those children also were more likely to be described as hyperactive or impulsive. A follow-up survey of the same students in 1990 showed a link between lead poisoning and difficulty reading and completing high school.
The study was significant because it suggested even small amounts of lead were enough to produce pernicious effects. It helped highlight the socioeconomic element of lead poisoning, which posed a particular threat to families living near certain industrial facilities or in poor communities with substandard paint and construction.
Needleman’s research was credited with accelerating the elimination of lead from gasoline, with the establishment of a ban on lead pipes, and with stricter enforcement of lead paint abatement and disclosure regulations. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “no safe blood lead level in children has been identified.”
In the early 1990s, after years of opposition by the lead industry and scientists who supported its position, Needleman’s research was investigated by the federal Office of Research Integrity. The probe cleared him of accusations of scientific misconduct but cited errors such as a failure to obtain a representative population for his experiment. The probe did not find that any such mistakes influenced his ultimate conclusions.
An ethics panel at the University of Pittsburgh reached a similar judgment. He subsequently received awards including a $250,000 Heinz Award, in memory of the late Sen. John Heinz (R-Pa.).
“It is not surprising that Dr. Needleman’s work made him a frequent target of criticism by the lead industry, or that he was once forced to defend himself against charges of scientific fraud and misconduct,” the citation said. “Not only was he exonerated, but he fought for and won the right for those accused of such charges to an open hearing with legal representation — a right that has benefited the entire scientific community.”
Herbert Leroy Needleman was born in Philadelphia on Dec. 13, 1927.
His mother was a Jewish immigrant from Russia whose family sold pickles, building a pushcart operation into a company that later merged with Vlasic. His father was a furniture salesman.
Needleman received a bachelor’s degree from Muhlenberg College in Allentown, Pennsylvania, in 1948 and a medical degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1952. He served in the Army and the Army Reserve, attaining the rank of captain.
During the Vietnam War, he was arrested and spent a night in jail with Benjamin Spock, the renowned pediatrician, for their participation in an anti-war protest. While teaching at Temple University in the 1960s, he chaired the Committee of Responsibility to Save War-Burned and War-Injured Vietnamese Children, a civilian group that sought to bring wounded children to the United States for medical care.
Needleman’s first marriage, to the former Shirley Weinstein, ended in divorce.
Survivors include his wife of 54 years, the former Roberta Pizor, of Pittsburgh; a son from his first marriage, Samuel Needleman of Pittsboro, North Carolina; two children from his second marriage, Joshua Needleman of the Bronx and Sara Needleman Kline of Arlington, Virginia; seven grandchildren; and three great-grandchildren.
After decades of research and experience with lead poisoning, Dr. Needleman never forgot his first patient with the illness, the young girl with nowhere to go but her contaminated home.
“It wasn’t enough to make a diagnosis and prescribe medication,” he told a publication of the University of Pittsburgh in 2001. “I’d treated her for lead poisoning, but that was not the disease — the disease was much bigger and caused by forces embedded in the child’s life. Her disease was where she lived and why she was allowed to live there.”


The first ever southern koala born in Europe has been named following a public vote.
In February this year, it was announced that a baby southern koala had been born at Wiltshire’s Longleat Safari and Wildlife Park in the UK.
The female joey represents the culmination of a strategic partnership between Longleat and South Australian based survival science charity Koala Life.
Longleat has now announced the name for their recent arrival, Hazel.
Koala Life Chair Professor Chris Daniels said the joey represents the culmination of a fantastic partnership to understand and protect koalas.
“Hazel’s birth is a small, but vital step in the process to secure the long-term survival of the koala,” Professor Daniels said.
“This successful effort will help Longleat and Koala Life to better develop and understand captive breeding methodology and animal husbandry.
“Longleat now has a small but vital group of healthy animals free of debilitating diseases including chlamydia.
“The continued growth of the colony will help us understand how to keep sanctuary populations heathy and provide important information about the effects of these diseases.”
The joey, born last year at Longleat's purpose built koala enclosure ‘Koala Creek’, will eventually join the rare disease-free colony of southern koalas on display at Longleat.
Koala Creek is a ground-breaking joint initiative with the Government of South Australia, Cleland Wildlife Park and Longleat to support research and raise funds for koala management and conservation. Koala Creek is a European hub for the species.
To keep up with Hazel as she grows up, visit the Longleat website.
The continued success of Koala Life’s ongoing research into koala genetics and disease treatment is made possible by public donations. Visit www.koalalife.asn.au today to lend your support to koala survival science.


Stop Lynx Killing in Maine
Canada lynx in Maine are at risk from state trapping policies that prioritize the interests of trappers over those of the federally protected wildcat.
Right now a plan to allow lynx to be injured and killed as the “incidental” result of Maine’s trapping program is being considered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; but a range of factors, from inadequate oversight to climate change and the lynx’s natural population cycles, makes the proposal inadequate to protect the snow-roving cat.
Your voice is needed now to make sure the state is not granted its “license to kill” under the current terms of the plan, which would essentially maintain the status quo for trappers allowing 159 lynx to be trapped over the 15-year permit -- and sidestep the urgent need for improvements in lynx management.
If Maine is granted a federal permit for a trapping program that allows for some harm to lynx, it needs to be based on the best available science, better accountability and oversight of trapping activity, and adequate law enforcement.
Please, fill out the form below and send a letter today to the Fish and Wildlife Service requesting that it reject Maine’s “incidental take permit plan” for lynx until it ensures the cat’s recovery.
Read more on lynx below the form and make sure to share this urgent action with your networks.


Standardizing data definitions is a major problem for ICT departments around the world. As systems are built, data elements are re-defined with each new application. As a result systems lack compatibility, preventing interoperability and creating data migration headaches.
The solution is an enterprise data dictionary – a catalog containing the names and structures of all data types, with agreed formats and definitions. A key plank of data governance, the data dictionary is an essential tool for organizations ensure data accuracy and consistency.
A data dictionary promotes data integrity by building understanding of data elements, supporting the adoption and use of consistent data elements and terminology across applications.


The more than 200 lectures in short version reflect the current state of research on the preservation of important testimonies from ancient cultures worldwide
14th International Congress on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone, planned for September 2020 in Germany, was cancelled, but in the meantime the papers by more than 500 scientists from 27 countries have been presented. They reflect the current state of research on the preservation of important evidence from ancient cultures worldwide.
Main topic in the book are:
* Characterisation of damage phenomena of stone and related building materials (plaster, rendering, mortar etc.),
* Methods for the investigation of stone decay;in-situ and non-destructive testing,
* Long-term monitoring of stone monuments and buildings,
* Simulation and modelling of decay,
* Technology and development of improved treatments and use of stone in new buildings,
* Assessment of long-term effects of treatments,
* Impact of climate change on stone decay of Cultural Heritage,
* Reports about stone conservation: case studies and projects,
* Digitalization and documentation in stone conservation,
* Biological influence on stone decay,
* Case studies/Best practice.
We have picked out 3 lectures at random to show the range of topics. The first 2 were among the keynote lectures of the congress. We always name only the 1st author of the respective paper.
Professor Rolf Snethlage (University of Bamberg) explains in his contribution the concept of a “Risk Number”: it describes the urgency for protective measures on an outdoor monument. Such an evaluation would be important to convince financiers and at the same time protect the most endangered objects with priority.
Snethlage has created an equation in which current damage analyses are combined with predictions about the progress of the damage. With the help of the risk figure, model calculations can also be used to determine, for example, how much effect one can hope to achieve from certain measures.
Dr. Véronique Vergès-Belmin (Champs-sur-Marne) writes about the damage to Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris after the great fire in April 2019. One of the challenges is to find replacements for the destroyed stones. In the course of restoration work over the last 50 years, a register of the quarries for the World Heritage Site had been drawn up, but: “The need for large volumes, and in particular for hard stones compatible with the Upper Lutetian limestones which were used in the Middle Ages, leads to the need for an evaluation of the geological resource and probably for the prospection of new quarries.“
A special issue in restoration is the exposure to lead, which used to hold the stones together and which was released during the fire in the form “micrometer sized aerosols, which have sprayed discontinuously onto the surfaces.“
Professor Ákos Török (Budapest) has studied volcanic tuffs from Hungary, Germany, Armenia and Mexico. These materials were once widely used for buildings and works of art because they are easy to transport and easy to work with
The investigations showed that the rock variants have very different properties. The tuff, for example, generally has a high tensile strength – despite its many pores – but this can decrease considerably with the absorption of water.
The rock variants also differ greatly in their resistance to forest and salt. “These differences in durability are attributed not only to porosity, but also to pore-size distribution and mirco-fabric, and are influenced by formation processes such as welding“ according to the summary.
The congress with the title “International Congress on the Deterioration and Conservation of Stone“ was actually supposed to take place from September 7 to 12, 2020 at the Universities of Göttingen and Kassel, but had to be cancelled due to Corona.
The event is held every 4 years in a different city: the first venue was La Rochelle in 1972, followed by Athens, Venice, Louisville, Lausanne, Torun, Lisbon, Berlin, Venice, Stockholm, Torun, New York and Paisley. It is organized by the International Scientific Committee for Stone (ISCS), a subdivision of the International Councils on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS), which advises the UNESCO World Heritage Commission.
This time the event was led by Prof. Siegfried Siegesmund (University of Göttingen) and Bernhard Middendorf (University of Kassel) and sponsored by the German Federal Einvionmental Foundation (DBU), the German Science Foundation (DFG), and the companies Kärcher, Remmers, Tubag, Focus GmbH, and IBZ Salzchemie.
Editor’s note: like the stone the articles are about, the publication is also weighty: it puts 4.1 kg on the bookshelf. This is also reflected in the thickness of the book: 6 cm, more than 2 volumes Steven King.
(18.12.2020, USA: 12.18.2020)


Carmen and Abelardo teach several different kinds of dance, like the tango and the jarabe tapatio.
Animation: Airplanes carve the capital and lowercase letter Y.
Film: A family goes camping in the woods.
Marshal Grover asks Fred the Wonder Horse why he's walking backwards -- he can only see where he's been, and not where he's going. He also wants to know what happened to Fred's head. Fred explains that Marshal Grover doesn't know the difference between front and back. "That is a terrible, mean, cruel thing to say to me, Fred!" Marshal Grover exclaims. "It is true, but..." Fred tells Grover that he's facing backward, and if he turns around, he'll see Fred's head. Grover turns around, and cries: "Oh, Fred! I've missed you! Oh, it's good to see you!" Fred says that if he stays turned around, he'll be able to see where he's going. Grover tries it, and he's proud to know the difference between front and back. Unfortunately, now his head is resting on the saddle, with his feet in the air. (EKA: Episodio 745)


We Reviewed Dozens Of The Best Geography Apps for Kids So You Don’t Have To. Here Are Our Top Picks.
Everyone should learn about the world and its countries to be well-educated and aware. Plus, most people find other cultures to be interesting or even fascinating. With the advent of the internet and instant communication, we are closer to one another than ever before. And the time to teach children to be accepting and understanding of other cultures is right now. The experiences you help them have in childhood will shape who they become as adults.
Are you looking for a way to teach your children or students geography? Wish you personally knew your world maps and capitals better? This list of geography apps will help you get there. From the close-to-home apps about the United States to more exotic apps about other countries, this list is exactly what you need right now!
Geography Drive Arcade
Price: Ninety-nine cents on iOS App Store; $1.99 on Google Play Store
Time to brush up on your U.S. geography with a fun fast-paced quiz game! Geography Drive Arcade features four fun mini-games that are designed to help kids learn the shape, spelling, flag and capital of every state in America. The four games included are as follows: 1) The State Shape Challenge – kids must correctly identify a state shape, 2) The Flagstaff State Flag Game – kids are shown several state flags and asked to find the flag for a specific state, 3) The State Capital Challenge – kids are given a list of all the state capitals and told the name of a state, they must pick the capital that matches that state, and 4) The Honolulu Spelling Bee – kids are asked to spell each state name.
In addition to the mini-games, there is also a helpful study map of America, as well as 50 state brochures packed with facts and historical information. For a small investment, you can have loads of geographic info plus fun games at your fingertips. This app would be a great way to click away the miles during your next family road trip!
Would you like to teach your child a little bit more than just the states, maybe something a little more on a global scale? Meet Kids Planet Discovery, the app that will teach children about the world through music, cultures, animals and much more! There are various topics to choose from, such as: Planet Music, Discover Africa, Discover India, USA Puzzle, Planet Cultures and Planet Animals.
Through matching games, musical games, memory games and puzzles, kids will learn all about different cultures and countries. The app is free to download, and includes some in-app purchases. You can add to the collections of information for $1.99 to $2.99 or unlock everything for $4.99. If you would like to explore the planet with your child, be sure to check this one out!
Test knowledge of flags, borders, cities, and landmarks around the world with this engaging and gorgeously-illustrated app. Use the Training mode to increase your knowledge, then hook up with the Challenge mode where you have 60 seconds to answer questions in all categories.
The app keeps leader board stats so you can compete with friends (or siblings). It’s free to download, and offers an in-app purchase to remove the advertisements for $1.99.
How about some arcade fun while you learn about countries around the world? This app teaches you about each country’s capital, landmarks, and geographic features. Once you’ve mastered a country and explored it thoroughly, stack them to reach the checkered goal line at the top of the screen.
There are 193 interactive flashcards to help you learn. There are over 1000 unique questions. Players can also choose to focus their learning on a single continent or go global. The app offers a unique way to study geography.
Test your geography knowledge against players around the world with this app. You will learn about (and compete on) Country name, Capitals, their location, Areas, Population, and Flags. The app shows standings of a whole world of players, so you can compare your know-how to the best of the best.
The app is free to try and play. You can unlock all the levels with an in-app purchase of $1.99.
This app is sure to get your child excited about geography! It’s an engaging game where knowledge of world countries and places will help users to save the world! There are 15 mysteries spanning 7 continents. 75 countries are in the app to learn about.
The interface is engaging and animated, and who doesn’t love a good save-the-world game? Your child will hardly notice that he or she is “studying” with this great app.
This great puzzle app will help even young children begin to learn about the United States. They can complete the U.S. map, puzzle-style, and also learn about state names, capitals, and even fun facts about each area. The colorful state puzzle pieces even teach the abbreviations for each state.
The app includes a tutorial. There is also a robust hint system so kids won’t feel stuck for too long. This app is part of a larger series of geographic puzzles, so you will want to check out the developers’ website at kidsmapsapp.com.
Put the entire world at your child’s fingertips with this informative geography app. Kids will learn about places, people, events, animals and plants as they explore. There’s something here to tickle every user’s fancy. From caves to landmarks, from cities and countries to unique animals, this app has it all.
There are hours and hours of exploration here right at children’s fingertips. When they are done, they will be much more informed, but most of all, they will be on the path to developing the wonder and delight that we want them to experience in the world around them and in learning.
World Geography Quiz Game features 4,000 questions at four levels of difficulty, so there’s never a lack of content! It covers 400 different countries, regions, and islands. The app also keeps tabs on your performance and offers specific training to build your weak skills. Compete with other players around the world to see who is the champion!
It won’t take long playing this game to become a true geography expert. The game offers in-app purchases of hints and extra lives for prices between $1.99 and $19.99.
This highly-rated trivia app will challenge geographical knowledge of adults and children alike. It’s great to play on the go, too, since there is an off-line mode for when you don’t have an internet connection. Trivia questions are grouped into unique and fun categories, and you can save your progress by logging in with Facebook or Google.
This app will undoubtedly stimulate your brain, but if you need them, there are hints available. Plus new levels are added regularly, so the content will always seem fresh and stimulating. The in-app purchases range in price from $1.99 to $40.99.


Gum disease is not at all uncommon. In fact, 70 per cent of Canadians will develop gum disease during their lifetime. While gum disease is more prevalent in older Canadians, this isn’t simply an unavoidable part of aging. There are many things that you can do to prevent and treat gum disease. Understanding gum disease and taking the proper precautions now will go a long way toward protecting your health. Updated for 2019, read this newly updated and expanded blog to learn more.
What Is Gum Disease?
Gum disease is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. As plaque builds up at the base of the tooth, it can begin to grow beneath the gum line. Over time, untreated gum disease can cause permanent damage to the gum tissue and may even result in tooth loss.
There are two primary types of gum disease. The first — gingivitis — is milder. You may have gingivitis without any discomfort or noticeable symptoms. This is why it’s important to see your dentist on a regular basis. Though you may not see the signs of gum disease, the professional providers in our network will. Periodontitis is a more severe form of gum disease that may develop when gingivitis goes untreated.
What Causes Gum Disease?
Gum disease is caused by plaque buildup that typically results from poor oral hygiene. The most effective way to prevent gum disease is by brushing at least twice a day and flossing regularly. This will remove plaque from your teeth. You should also see your dentist at least twice a year for a professional cleaning. During this appointment, your dentist will remove both plaque and a form of hardened plaque known as tartar. Tartar cannot be removed by at-home brushing and flossing.
There are several factors that may increase your risk of developing gum disease. These include:
- Hormonal changes in women.
- Medications that reduce saliva production.
Since gum disease takes time to develop, it’s naturally more prevalent in older Canadians. As you get older, this is something you should be particularly mindful of.
Symptoms of Gum Disease
Roughly 20 per cent of individuals have undiagnosed gum disease. Treatment for gum disease is more difficult as the condition progresses. The sooner your gum disease is diagnosed, the better your chances of resolving the problem.
There are some symptoms you can look out for that will alert you to potential gum disease. Common signs of gum disease include:
- Swollen or red gums.
- Bleeding gums, particularly when you brush.
- Bad breath.
- Loose teeth.
- Sensitive teeth.
- A receding gum line.
- Pain when chewing.
If you experience any of these problems, you should see a dentist right away. We have an extensive network of providers who can give you the care you need to restore your gums to a healthy state.
Bad Habits That Make Gum Disease Worse
Gum disease develops slowly. If you’re not mindful of your habits, you may be creating an environment that’s highly conducive to gingivitis or periodontitis. You’re increasing your chances of developing gum disease as you age if you:
- Forget to floss daily.
- Brush less than twice a day.
- Practice improper brushing and flossing techniques.
- Don’t consume enough Vitamin C.
- Use a toothbrush that’s too hard.
- Rinse with water only, instead of an antiseptic rinse.
- Grind your teeth.
Changing your habits in these areas can lead to better dental health. This is particularly important for seniors. Poor dental health doesn’t only impact your teeth. It can have an effect on other parts of your body as well.
The Dangers of Gum Disease for Seniors
Untreated gum disease can lead to bone loss around the teeth. This is why gum disease is the leading cause of tooth loss. Seniors who have lost some or all of their teeth may face myriad struggles. Although there are many options, such as implants and dentures, to help you compensate for lost teeth, these can come with high costs and potentially painful procedures. The best way to preserve your ability to eat, talk, and smile comfortably is to take good care of your teeth.
Gum disease is also linked to many other health problems. If you have a weak immune system, the bacteria in your mouth can travel to other parts of the body and increase your risk of heart disease or stroke. In some cases, infection of the tooth can lead to an infection of the heart’s lining. If you have diabetes, gum disease can make this condition worse.
Ways to Reduce Your Chances of Getting Gum Disease
Luckily for you, there are several ways of reducing your chance of having gum disease as you age.
- Consult your dentists on a good technique to use when brushing. The technique and consistency of your brushing are important to your oral health. One way to reduce your chances of having gum disease is to brush at the 45 degree angle to your gums and brush in short, circular movements.
- Visit your dentist at least twice a year for regular checkup and cleaning appointments. If you already have gingivitis, you may have to visit your dentist every three to four months for a cleaning. Regular cleanings and checkups allow your hygienist and dentist to thoroughly clean the plaque and tarter from your teeth, which reduces your chances of having gum disease.
- Floss your teeth regularly to clean the spaces in between your teeth as plaque can easily get stuck in between your teeth, which can lead to oral health concerns like gum disease. If you have trouble using the floss, let your dentist know and they would be able to recommend alternatives for you.
If you have any questions or concerns about gum disease, visit your dentist to discuss.
There are many treatment options for gum disease in seniors that can help you manage this condition and minimize the long-term damage. Always schedule regular appointments with your dentist to screen properly for gum disease. If you start to notice symptoms of gum disease between regular cleanings, make an appointment to have this problem addressed right away, so you can catch it early and prevent further complications.


Immunology of Non-specific Effects of Vaccine
- General: To investigate the immunological background for the non-specific effects of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) and measles vaccines on child mortality
- Specific: Examine the cytokine responses and possible association with morbidity in a study of DTP vaccinated children who will be randomised to receive a measles vaccine or no vaccine at 4½ months of age. (All children will receive a measles vaccine at 9 months of age)
Biological: Measles vaccine
|Study Design:||Allocation: Randomized
Endpoint Classification: Bio-equivalence Study
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Open Label
Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
|Official Title:||Non-specific Effects of Vaccines - In Search of the Immunological Background|
- Cytokine levels in the randomised groups
|Study Start Date:||January 2006|
|Study Completion Date:||January 2007|
Non-specific effects of vaccines The idea of vaccines having non-specific effects was first proposed in 1991 from a study in Senegal, West Africa. It was discovered that children receiving high-titre measles vaccine (HT) at 6 months of age had higher mortality than children who received the standard titre measles vaccine (STD) at 9 months of age. The difference was found only for girls. A study from Haiti confirmed the effect. Since children vaccinated with HT had lower mortality than their equivalents who had not received any measles vaccine, the difference in mortality between recipients of HT vaccine and STD vaccine was explained by a non-specific beneficial effect of the STD measles vaccine rather than a harmful effect of the HT vaccine. The non-specific beneficial effect of STD measles vaccine on child mortality has been reconfirmed in many data-sets.
Also the BCG vaccine is associated with striking effects on child mortality reducing mortality by about 50%. Further, among BCG vaccinated children, having a BCG scar or a positive tuberculin reaction was associated with about 55% lower mortality in the following 12 months than among children who had a negative tuberculin reaction or who did not have a BCG scar.
The effect of OPV is difficult to separate from the effects of BCG and DTP vaccines since OPV is normally given together with these vaccines. There have, though, been some periods without DTP in Bissau due to global shortage of vaccines, and we have compared the case fatality at the hospital for children who received only OPV and children who received both the prescribed OPV and DTP. Children having received OPV had 3-fold lower mortality than children having received both vaccines. Data from an OPV vaccination campaign that took place in Guinea-Bissau also suggested a non-specific beneficial effect for the recipients. Further, studies from Chile and the Soviet Union have suggested that OPV had a beneficial effect on mortality and morbidity.
In contrast, DTP, HBV and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) seem to exert a non-specific detrimental effect on child mortality, although the findings on DTP were considered controversial by a recent review. Current studies indicate that the negative effect of DTP may be neutralized by a subsequent measles vaccination. It is striking that all the vaccines with a non-specific beneficial effect are live, whereas the vaccines with an apparently harmful effect are killed. Results from animal studies have shown that attenuated live vaccines tend to induce a Th1 response and offer better protection against severe disease than the corresponding inactivated vaccines, which tend to induce a Th2 response. So far, very few studies have examined whether these effects differ between male and female animals. One study reported that BCG-vaccinated female mice were better protected against malaria parasites than male mice (31). There is therefore an urgent need to conduct studies that can help uncover the immunology behind the non-specific effects.
Sex-specific effects All epidemiological studies carried out so far confirms the observation that non-specific effects are sex-specific. Live vaccines (measles, BCG, OPV) have a beneficial effect that is particularly good for girls whereas inactivated vaccines (DTP, HBV, IPV) have a negative effect for girls. To date, there are no immunological studies which have examined whether routine vaccines affect the immune system differently for boys and girls.
We thus propose to study, in a randomised controlled trial of measles vaccination taking place in Guinea-Bissau, the immunology of non-specific effects of vaccination, and their interaction with sex. Specifically, among children who have received the 3 recommended doses of DTP, we will be able to compare the cytokine and antibody profiles of children who receive an early dose of measles vaccine at 4½ months of age with children who receive no additional vaccine at this age.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00168545
|Bandim Health Project|
|Bissau, Apartado 861, Guinea-Bissau, 1004 Bissau Codex|
|Study Director:||PETER AABY, MSc, Dr Med||Bandim Health Project|
|Principal Investigator:||MAY-LILL GARLY, PHD, DTM&H||Bandim Health Project|


FAO GLOBAL INFORMATION AND EARLY WARNING SYSTEM ON FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
The escalations of conflict and civil insecurity in parts of southern Somalia, especially in Mogadishu, have resulted in a wave of thousands of people fleeing to the surrounding regions. These displacements add to the already serious humanitarian emergency. According to recent reports, about 20 000 people on average leave their homes each month. The road from Mogadishu to Afgooye alone, a mere 29 kilometres, currently hosts some 250 000 displaced people. The humanitarian situation has particularly deteriorated in the Shabelle, Hiran and Central regions. Overall, about 2 million people – including about 1 million IDPs – are estimated to be in need of basic humanitarian assistance and livelihood support for at least the next six months.
Disruptions in trade activities and looting in the Bakara market in Mogadishu (the main marketplace in southern Somalia) have resulted in price hikes of staple food commodities which had been rising since May 2007. The increase in prices of basic commodities has been even more pronounced in the northern-eastern (Puntland) region due to the crippling inflation that followed the huge currency inflow. In Bossaso, the region’s commercial capital, the price of 50 kg of wheat flour had almost tripled, in a year, from an equivalent of US$ 12 to US$ 33 or 900 000 Somali Shillings. The increase in prices, depreciation of the Somali shilling and increased fuel and transport costs are creating serious problems of access to food for the population, especially the poor.
According to a recently issued warning by Somalia’s Food Security Analysis Unit (FSAU), another poor “gu” rainy season from April to June would further aggravate the already precarious food security situation – increasing the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance and leaving many facing high to extreme levels of food insecurity. Locally known as “gu”, these rains constitute the main agricultural season which contributes the bulk of annual crop production. Gu season crops are normally harvested from August on. Cereal production from the last gu season in southern Somalia was estimated at 48 600 tonnes, representing only 31 percent of the 1995 to 2006 post-war average and 43 percent of last year’s gu production. Another poor gu season crop will seriously add to the misery.
Latest estimates put the number of people in need of humanitarian assistance at nearly 2 million people. Nearly one-fifth of these people are classified in Humanitarian Emergency (HE), requiring life saving interventions, while a third are in Acute Food and Livelihood Crisis (AFLC), requiring livelihood support. Humanitarian organizations are advised to intensify ongoing livelihood-support interventions such as water distribution and veterinary services. Contingency plans are also needed for a possible major drought and resultant humanitarian crisis from April through at least the end of 2008, especially in central regions and Hiran. Further information and analysis can be accessed from the Food Security Assessment Unit (FSAU) at: www.fsausomali.org.
This report is prepared on the responsibility of the FAO Secretariat with information from official and unofficial sources. Since conditions may change rapidly, please contact Office of the Chief, ESTG, FAO, (Fax: 0039-06-5705-4495, E-Mail: email@example.com) for further information if required.
The Special Alerts/Reports can also be received automatically by e-mail as soon as they are published, by subscribing to the GIEWS/Alerts report ListServ. To do so, please send an E-mail to the FAO-Mail-Server at the following address:firstname.lastname@example.org, leaving the subject blank, with the following message:
To be deleted from the list, send the message:
Please note that it now possible to subscribe to regional lists to only receive Special Reports/Alerts by region: Africa, Asia, Europe or Latin America (GIEWSAlertsAfrica-L, GIEWSAlertsAsia-L, GIEWSAlertsEurope-L and GIEWSAlertsLA-L). These lists can be subscribed to in the same way as the worldwide list.


Definition and Usage. The cal_days_in_month() function returns the number of days in a month for a specified year and calendar cal_days_in_month (PHP 4 >= 4.1.0, PHP 5, PHP 7) cal_days_in_month — Return the number of days in a month for a given year and calenda PHP - Day Of The Month Conversion - Free PHP Programming Tutorials, Help, Tips, Tricks, and More Day of the month without leading zeros: 1 to 31: l (lowercase 'L') A full textual representation of the day of the week: Sunday through Saturday: N: ISO-8601 numeric representation of the day of the week (added in PHP 5.1.0) 1 (for Monday) through 7 (for Sunday) S: English ordinal suffix for the day of the month, 2 characters: st, nd, rd or.
T. here are multiple ways which one can split a date variable in typical date format such as MM-DD-YYYY or MM/DD/YYYY into 3 separate variables for year, month and day in PHP.. Which way to use depends on whether heavily on whether the format of input date value is unchanged and consistent every time. If the format of date input variable is fixed and certain, it's possible to use the explode. It was easy to find a way to get last day of because of php. so I did that and we also get last day of the specific month too by add date. We can do it using date() and strtotime() of PHP. So i added all examples, you can see and use it that you need or requirement for your project
PHP Code: First and Last Day of Month | Gregory A McMullen September 19, 2011 at 10:43 am  post: Get the first & last day of the month with PHP Share This: This entry was posted in Coding and tagged code, dates, last day of month, php, [ , which can be used to convert textual sentences such as next Friday and last Monday into UNIX timestamps and formatted dates MySQL DAYOFMONTH() returns the day of the month for a given date. The day returned will be within the range of 1 to 31. If the date is '0000-00-00', the function will return 0. The DAY() is the synonym of DAYOFMONTH(). Syntax: DAYOFMONTH(date1) Where date1 is a date. Syntax Diagram: MySQL Version: 5.6. Video Presentatio
How to echo Month/Day/Year in php using date method and show on screen including current day name in website. PHP date() function is used to get current date in web applications. This method is worked with different arguments and show date in day/month/year format. It can also access the current day name. So here is the complete step by step. The key to getting the last date of a month is the letter t. When used with PHP's date function, the letter t acts as a format character that returns the number of days that are in a given month. This month. The last day of this month Sometimes you may forget the number of days in a specific month. So, you're looking for a solution which will show you that day number for any month. Solution: PHP has a built-in function named cal_days_in_month() which tells the number of days of a month for a given year and calendar. Now, we'll use Gergorian calendar D − A textual representation of a day (three letters) j − The day of the month without leading zeros (1 to 31) l (lowercase 'L') − A full textual representation of a day. N − The ISO-8601 numeric representation of a day (1 for Monday through 7 for Sunday) S − The English ordinal suffix for the day of the month (2 characters st, nd, rd.
. PHP then auto-corrects the invalid day number 0 by removing one from the month and skipping to the last day of that month, resulting in 2010-02-28. I hope this clears up some of the behaviour of PHP's Date/Time handling We'll calculate the last day of the month using two functions: DATEADD and DAY. We'll use DATEADD to add a month to the date. Then the DAY function to determine the number of days from the beginning of the month. By subtracting this from the date we just calculated (the one that is a month ahead), we can get the last date of the month
From PHP 5.3 and higher you can do: first day of +1 month or first day of next month or even last day of next month - those are always safe to use with just a m or another month date format specifier February then has one day more. Use your Knuckles! Make a fist. If the month is on a knuckle, it has 31 days. Otherwise is has 30 or less days. Starting with the 1st knuckle as January, The space between knuckles as February, 2nd Knuckle is March... etc. Once you get to the fourth knuckle, July, start over at the first knuckle for August
One of the website features my customers love to provider their web users is an online dynamic calendar. An online calendar can be used for events, upcoming product specials, memos, and anything else you can think of. I've taken some time to completely rewrite the PHP event calendar so that I may share it with you Days to Months Calculator. This online days to months calculator is used to convert the number of days into its equivalent months. For instance, we know that 1 month has 31 days, so to find the equivalent month of 1 day we divide 1 by 31 and hence we get 0.032 as its equivalent month Notice that we used one letter at a time with the function date to get the month, day and year. For example the date(m) will return the month's number 01-12. If we were to run our new script just after the 2010 Winter Olympics our display would look like
Within standard 100-year blocks (i.e. 1700-1799 but not 1704-1803), beginning from any Quad-year (i.e. 1700 or 1764), adding 4 years subtracts 2 from the day of the week, adding 12 years adds 1 to the day of the week, adding 16 years subtracts 1 from the day of the week, and adding 28, 56, and 84 years adds 0 to (i.e. does not affect) the. Step4: Take the month offset from the second table, June is 5. Step5: Calculate the day offset, that is 5 mod 7 = 5 Step6: Now add all the 4 numbers: 6 + 6 + 5 + 5 = 22. Step7: Divide 22 by 7 = 1 remainder 1. The reminder tells you the day. Answer: Monda TL;DR: it is best to sell USD and buy PHP during the beginning of the week towards the end of the month and during the Philippines school time (June through February and not the hot summer months of March through May). Detailed Answer When searc..
Find answers to PHP - First and last day of last month. from the expert community at Experts Exchang The third parameter in the first method indicates the day (day one), and it will return the first day of the month. The second method is slightly tricky. I have assigned + 1 to the month and 0 for the day. This will return the last day of the month. For example, if you select a date for the month of May, adding + 1 would return 5, that is, June
PHP Last Day of Current Month / Published in: PHP. Save to your folder(s) Easiest way to get the last day in the current month. Expand | Embed | Plain Text. Copy this code and paste it in your HTML <?php . date (t); // Number of days in the given month (from php documentation) ?> A national or international awareness day, week, or month is a date usually set by a major organization or government to commemorate a medical research or ethical cause of importance on a national or international level. Throughout the year organizations support a variety of initiatives to raise awareness and understanding for key health issues. For example: if we give the inputs as the calendar year is 2016, Month is 8, and day is 21 then this calendar program will display the output as The Date Given is : 21/08/2016 and Day of Week of the Date : Sunday. The below given C program will display (print) Name of Day of week and Date of calendar for any year, month and day This single day was later expanded to month-long activities plus a focus on one day, which is observed on the third Saturday in March. In 2021, it will be March 20. This is a great way to bring energy and excitement to the recorder community, and to gain new members The date value to use to calculate the last day of the month. Returns. The LAST_DAY function returns a date value. Applies To. The LAST_DAY function can be used in the following versions of Oracle/PLSQL: Oracle 12c, Oracle 11g, Oracle 10g, Oracle 9i, Oracle 8i; Example
Description. The Microsoft Excel DAY function returns the day of the month (a number from 1 to 31) given a date value. The DAY function is a built-in function in Excel that is categorized as a Date/Time Function.It can be used as a worksheet function (WS) and a VBA function (VBA) in Excel An online planetarium from In-The-Sky.org, showing what stars and planets you'll be able to see in the night sky on any given day of the year
I need a batch file command that adds to the file name the first and last day of the month. For example, filename_2014-12-01:2014-12-31.txt I've tried all kinds of things with no luck This month is the only month with these two properties. May, however, starts and ends on the same day of the week as January of the following year. Also, in common years, May begins and ends on the same day of the week as August of the previous year, and, in leap years, it begins on the same day as February, March, and November of the previous. The way the above code works is that the month passed to the Date constructor is actually 0 based (i.e. 0 is January, 1 is February etc) so it is in effect creating a date for the day 0 of the next month. Because day 0 equates to the last day of the previous month the number returned is effectively the number of days for the month we want To find the last day of the month, the alignment should be set to 'END' or 'E'. This will increment the starting date so that it falls on the last day of the month. Instead of concatenating the '01' to the starting value, the ANYDTDTE informat can be used to create a SAS date from just the year and month SQL - Dates. Date values are stored in date table columns in the form of a timestamp.A SQL timestamp is a record containing date/time data, such as the month, day, year, hour, and minutes/seconds
Learn about the Saint of the Day for Monday, November 23rd, 2020. View all saints who celebrate feast days on this day PHP: Loop through dates (from date to date) with strtotime() function Updated on October 11, 2015 by JR 34 comments This is very easy way loop through dates (from date to date) with PHP strtotime() function
Syntax: DateSerial(year, month, day). All 3 arguments are necessary to specify. Year argument is an Integer, can be a number within the range 100 and 9999, or can be a numeric expression. Month argument is an Integer, can be a number within a valid range of 1 and 12, or can be a numeric expression [Added] Use php DateTime class to handle date and also support for year 2038 and later (limited to php version >= 5.3.0) [Fixed] Check valid of Today date if it is in range of enabled date Minor bug fixed and adjustmen
. *'s for both would run every minute of every hour on that day. - rzrgenesys187 Nov 23 '09 at 17:4 South Carolina voted to secede from the United States on this day. The move was quickly followed by other Southern states and led to the American Civil War. December 20, 1860 'Good Sport' in The Trenches Prime Minister's son, Raymond Asquith tells his wife of life and death on the battlefront in World War I on this day in 1915. December 21, 191 October is the tenth month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and the sixth of seven months to have a length of 31 days.The eighth month in the old calendar of Romulus c. 750 BC, October retained its name (from the Latin and Greek ôctō meaning eight) after January and February were inserted into the calendar that had originally been created by the Romans
Fixed: in December the calendar selected the first day instead of the current day of that month. Some other minor bugs fixed. Version 2.41. Some minor bugs fixed. Version 2.40. New font for the calendar and the taskbar icon numbers. New option: view only the calendar itself, without borders nor menu bar Pat Neff Hall, Suite 109 1320 S. 7th Street One Bear Place #97014 Waco, TX 7679
Introduction. Working with date and time in PHP is not the easiest or most clear of tasks. We have to deal with strtotime, formatting issues, lots of calculations, and more.. The nifty package called Carbon can help make dealing with date/time in PHP much easier and more semantic so that our code can become more readable and maintainable.. Carbon is a package by Brian Nesbit that extends PHP. SET @pDate = @pDate - DAY(@pDate) + 1 - This part of the function gets the first day of the month for the given input date. This is achieved by simply subtracting the DAY part of the input date from itself then adding 1 Namely March 1st and 2nd would calculate the previous month as January (hopscotching right over the 28 day February). But taking the idea of asking for the month before the 15th of the current month I think this code would work: strtotime( -1 month, mktime( 12, 0, 0, date(m), 15, date(Y) ) ) The DAY(), MONTH(), and YEAR() Functions. The most obvious way to return the day, month and year from a date is to use the T-SQL functions of the same name. Yes, T-SQL has functions built specifically for the purpose of returning these three dateparts. Here's an example of how they work
PHP Script: Quote of the Day. This free PHP script for Quote of the Day automatically updates your web site with randomly selected content. It this case, the content is a quote. You can easily vary the content for your own needs. It is easy to set up and customize, and does not require a MySQL database . Reply . sravani. 05.09.2017 at 6:22 am. how to extract month start date and month end date for a 4-4-5 calender. Pingback: First and Last Day of Month - Oracle SQL Syntax Examples | Chris Memo. Leave a Reply Cancel reply National Oral Health Month; Rosacea Awareness Month; World Autism Awareness Day - April 2* World Health Day - April 7* National Dental Hygienists Week - April 6 to 12; FND Awareness Day - April 13* World Hemophilia Day - April 17* National Medical Laboratory Week - April 21 to 27; National Day of Mourning - April 28* May. Ankylosing Spondylitis. International Day of the Seal in 2021 is on the Monday, 1st of Mar (3/01/2021). International Day of the Seal is on the 60nd day of 2021. There are 305 days left in the year Current Date is: Wed Jan 08 20:30:26 IST 2014 Current Day is:: 8 Current Month is:: 1 Current Year is: 2014 Current Day of Week is: 4 Current Day of Month is: 8 Current Day of Year is: 8 In the above example we have fetched the data of local timezone (note: we have used TimeZone.getDefault() in the first statement of the program
Moon Phases Percentage Illumination for a Calendar Month Guides Solar System The Sun The Moon Astronomical Glossary How to Use Setting Circles. Courses and more... Basic Astronomy with a telescope Your Meade ETX in 10 Easy Steps DSLR Astro Imaging Solar Imaging Course FAQ. Find Planetari good day, i have a batch file that i have made slowly over the past months to do backups, with help from here, and several other websites. i want to update the batch file to backup up some other folders but only need that part of the batch file to run if it is the last day of the month «Հիմք ընդունելով պատգամավորի հրաժարականի մասին դիմումը եւ առաջնորդվելով «Ազգային ժողովի.
int CurrentQuarter = ((DateTime.Now.Month - 1) / 3) + 1; and the next time before commenting to somebody's query better read the problem. The person who asks a query might be in a problem Today is the last day of the month. If you can cash out, today is the day. If we get both forum bonuses, I will be able to cash out. Otherwise I need to wait another month. Logged Pages: 1 . FC Community » Discussion Boards » Payments » Last Day of The Month; Related Topics Subject / Started by. About the Month of April April is the 4th month of the year and has 30 days. Season (Northern Hemisphere): Spring Holidays April Fools' Day Autism Awareness Day Easter Earth Day Arbor Day National Poetry Month National Arab American Heritage Month Teacher Appreciation Week Jazz Appreciation Month Alcohol Awareness Month Cancer Control Month.
Sometime it is necessary to run a command or script on the last day of a month. There is old good hack (I found this somewhere on Usenet) that will decide whether tomorrow is the first day of the next month. First find out your time zone (such as EDT, PST, IST, GMT etc) using [ Now, there is a small trick which you can do with day argument. Here's the trick: If you use 0 as a day it will return the last date of the previous month. For example, if you specify, Year: 2017, Month: 4+1 (that's May) and Day: 0 it will return 30-Apr-2017 in the result National Poetry Month is the largest literary celebration in the world, with tens of millions of readers, students, K-12 teachers, librarians, booksellers, literary events curators, publishers, bloggers, and, of course, poets marking poetry's important place in our culture and our lives every. Following query will run respective on today's date. It will return Last Day of Previous Month, First Day of Current Month, Today, Last Day of Previous Month and First Day of Next Month respective to current month. Let us see how we can do this with the help of Date Function in SQL Server Day of the year is a number between 1 and 366 (in 2020), January 1 is day 1. 2020 is a leap year. After today 12 days are remaining in this year.. This page uses the ISO-8601 ordinal date format.. There is also another less-used format: the 'ISO day of year' numbers, this is a number between 1 and 371, day 1 of the year is Monday of the first ISO week (where the first Thursday of the new year.
Opinion: What we mark in CT on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month. Robert Dilenschneider. Nov. 10, 2020 Updated: Nov. 10, 2020 3:31 p.m. Facebook Twitter Email. Comments On Tuesday, the 17th day of November, 2020, at 1:30 p.m., at the office of the Commissioners of Jurors of Mercer County, Ohio, jurors will be publicly drawn for the Annual Jury List and the Part I 2021 Term of the Common Pleas Court of said County. Patricia Temple and Ralph H. Liette. Commissioners of Jurors. 262- This day is believed to have a Romanian origin. Janus, the God of beginnings after whom the month January was named, was the one to whom the day was dedicated. Janus had two faces- one at the front and the other at the back. Thus, the tradition of celebrating New Year's Day came to be associated with paganism
Hi. I am working with a SQL Server database that was set up to store the year, month, and day in separate columns, rather than use a single column for the date. I plan to change this so that we store dates and times using the datetime data type. Until then, for now, I need to write transact-SQL · In SQL 2012 you can do this with the new functions. February has a Month Code of 3. The Day Number is 27. The Century Code for dates in the 2000s is 6. 2016 is a leap year, since it can be evenly divided by 4, and the date is in a January or February, so subtract 1 from the total in the final step. Answer: ((6 + 3 + 27 + 6)%7 )- 1 = 0 - 1 = -1 The hearing on the application will be held on the 21st day of December, 2020, at 9:00 o'clock A.M. in the Probate Court of Mercer County, located at 101 N. Main Street, Room 307, Celina, OH 45822. Suzanne Ilean Christie. 301 West Columbia St. Rockford, OH 45882. 258- Ease of Use Intermediate Version tested with 2000, 2002 Submitted by: matthewspatrick. Description: This function will find the date of a weekday in any arbitary position within a given month, specified by number 1-5, or by L for last


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A Landscape Fashioned by Geology
By David Stephenson and John Merritt
Back in 1994, Scottish Natural Heritage, together with the British Geological Survey, published a guidebook entitled Cairngorms: A landscape fashioned by geology. With the publication of Argyll and the Islands: A landscape fashioned by geology, it has now extended this excellent series to 20 such guides.
Each follows the same sort of format – they are simple guides with lovely pictures that display the landscape in all its Caledonian glory, together with diagrams explaining the relationship between this geomorphology and the geology beneath.
These guides are rather like holiday guides, the sort one finds in tourist information centres. But that is not a criticism. They inspire you to visit places and, at the same time, explain in simple (but not simplistic) ways the origins of the surrounding beauty, but in a form that can be read in an hour or two.
This guide is no different, but is perhaps slightly longer. It covers the area consisting of the Mull of Kintyre, the islands of Jura and Islay, and the mainland to the northeast. The geology and geological history is complex, but the pictures are glorious and diagrams informative, such that my (then) nine-year-old son could understand the complex idea of a geological unconformity from the photograph and accompanying diagram of the unconformity at Kerrara.
It follows a broadly chronological order, starting way back in the Precambrian and then taking the reader through geological time to the relatively more recent ice age and to the present. In addition to linking the landscape to the geology, it then successfully links the landscape to the history of local people.
For example, there are lovely aerial photographs and explanations showing that many of the roads, inevitably following the coast to avoid the mountains, are built along raised beaches. This is the result of the uplift (or isostatic rebound) of the land after the melting of the huge weight of ice present during the ice age.
The authors (both field geologists with extensive experience of working in Scotland) have done an excellent job. I would recommend this to anyone planning to visit the area or who has already done so. And I would recommend it to anyone who likes geology and beautiful pictures. Surely, as if evidence was needed, this shows that you cannot have beautiful landscapes without beautiful geology.
Argyll and the Islands: A Landscape Fashioned by Geology, by David Stephenson and John Merritt, Scottish Natural Heritage and British Geological Survey, Perth (2010), 61 pages (paperback), ISBN: 978-18-53976-08-7


By Evaggelos Vallianatos
Morton Biskind, a physician from Westport, Connecticut, was a courageous man. At the peak of the cold war, in 1953, he complained of maladies afflicting both domestic animals and people for the first time. He concluded that the popular insect poison DDT was the agent of their disease. DDT, he said, was “dangerous for all animal life from insects to mammals.”
The Reign of DDT
Yet, he was astonished at what little was done to restrict or ban DDT. On the contrary, officials and scientists defended it:
“[V]irtually the entire apparatus of communication, lay and scientific alike, has been devoted to denying, concealing, suppressing, distorting… [the bad news about DDT]. Libel, slander and economic boycott have not been overlooked… And a new principle of toxicology has… become firmly entrenched…: no matter how lethal a poison may be for all other forms of animal life, if it doesn’t kill human beings instantly, it is safe. When… it unmistakably does kill a human, this was the victim’s own fault – either he was “allergic” to it… or he didn’t use it properly,” he wrote (Biskind 1953).
The warnings of Biskind went nowhere. The Pentagon was testing nuclear weapons above ground and agribusiness was expanding its conquest of rural America — and the world. The strategic interests of the Pentagon coincided with those of agribusiness.
Rachel Carson, the author of “Silent Spring,” listened to Biskind. She denounced the hegemony of chemical pesticides, “the sinister and little-recognized partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world – the very nature of its life.” She said America’s single-crop farming clashes with how nature works.
Instead, “we allow the chemical death rain to fall…. The crusade to create a chemically sterile world seems to have engendered a fanatic zeal on the part of many specialists and most of the so-called control agencies… there is evidence that those engaged in spraying operations exercise a ruthless power.” (Rachel Carson, Silent Spring)
Meanwhile, federal agencies and official science pretended nothing was wrong. The US Environmental Protection Agency, born in 1970, had to start from the beginning with toxic chemicals some 17 years after Biskind’s complaint. The political and economic forces of agribusiness, the chemical industry, and politicians forged an unofficial alliance between the Pentagon and big agriculture, with agriculture borrowing the Pentagon’s chemical warfare strategy for American farmers. Furthermore, the missionaries of agricultural industrialization adopted and spread the profitable new approach to chemical danger — what Biskind aptly called “a new principle of toxicology” — that still reigns supreme among the practitioners of conventional science and politics in the early twenty-first century. Like a gigantic octopus, the chemical industry put its tentacle all over Congress, the White House and land grant universities.
No wonder most toxic chemicals have been entering the market without being tested for health and environmental effects. Only the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the food and drug part of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act require testing of chemicals. The Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act, the cosmetic provisions of the Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act, as well as all other federal laws require no testing for the chemicals or other products entering the market. This does not prevent the industry men and women say the products of their companies “meet EPA standards.”
DDT came out of that careless chemical culture – and war. DDT was successful in fighting malaria during World War II. For that reason, in 1948, its inventor, the Swiss scientist Paul Miller, received the Nobel Prize for medicine. By then DDT was used widely in America. The US Department of Agriculture “registered” it in 1945.
The popularity of DDT had nothing to do with its presumed “safety.” DDT killed more than insects. DDT doomed birds by making it impossible to give birth to live chicks. Their brittle shell cracked under the weight of the adult bird during hatching. DDT was particularly deleterious to predatory birds, bringing peregrine falcons, osprey, brown pelicans, and bald eagles to the brink of extinction. DDT also killed many insects it had not been designed to target, and also small animals, which ate DDT-poisoned fish and wildlife.
The deathly legacy of DDT and DDT-like chemicals has been a long one. The reason is their chemical properties: DDT belongs to the organochlorines, a huge group of chlorine-based poisons that last for decades in nature while accumulating in the fat of the animal ingesting them.
It was the human effects of DDT that convinced EPA to ban it in 1972. EPA considered DDT “a potential human carcinogen.” By that time, the early 1970s, DDT had contaminated “staple human foods, especially meat and milk.” In 1973, a federal judge did not know what to do since DDT had contaminated nearly all foods.
He said, “Although the cancer aspects of DDT are frightening, the obvious solution to that problem, that is, a total ban on foods containing DDT, is not available. Virtually every food contains some DDT… DDT has presented, and apparently will continue to present a massive dilemma both for EPA and for society.” (USA vs Goodman, 1973)
The same happened to the global environment. In 1979, two Wildlife Society scientists, Steven G. Herman and John B. Bulger, reported that DDT was “the most widespread and pernicious of global pollutants.” (Herman and Bulger 1979).
The Hegemony of Glyphosate
The banning of DDT in America in 1972 did not bring about any rethinking of factory farming and its addiction to deleterious pesticides. In fact, large industrialized and pesticide-dependent farms are now crowding the planet. Their owners preach a war on hunger but in actual practice their war is directed against the natural world and small farmers and peasants. And despite their propaganda for feeding the world, they only produce about a third of the world food. Peasants, not industrialized farmers, feed most of the world’s people (Douwe van der Ploeg, 2014). But industrialized farmers are responsible for huge harm done to the natural world and people. That harm comes in the form of global warming and the poisoning of wildlife, rivers, drinking water, and food.
Other toxins replaced DDT. One that became extremely successful worldwide is glyphosate, the so-called active ingredient of Roundup weed killer. This herbicide is a product of the multinational giant seed and agribusiness company Monsanto.
Glyphosate received its EPA registration in 1974. This was a time of deep corruption in the chemical industry. For a few decades before and after 1974, laboratories widely fabricated “safety” studies of pesticides, other chemicals, and also drugs. The fraud enabled these to benefit from government registration. It opened the doors to sales. I don’t know if glyphosate entered the market through fraud. But I do know 1974, the year EPA registered glyphosate, was a year of corruption for most pesticides. The EPA scientist who uncovered the lab fraud, Adrian Gross, was my friend and colleague.
Just like DDT, glyphosate quickly became a global celebrity. Scientists on the payroll of the industry, including scientists of our land grant universities, declared it “safe.” Farmers, gardeners and lawn keepers adopted it widely.
However, not everybody was happy seeing another weed killer making the rounds all over the world. Glyphosate caught the attention of Don Huber, a retired Colonel from the army’s biological warfare corps and a retired academic scientist from Purdue University where he taught for 35 years. Of all the things he knows about biological weapons and diseases and crops, he is the most concerned about the effects of pesticides on the biological systems making up agriculture. He illustrates his anxiety with the effects of glyphosate on crops.
Glyphosate is more than a best-selling weed killer. It is also a powerhouse of genetic engineering. Its masters have bioengineered crops, called Roundup Ready soybeans, Roundup Ready corn, etc., to resist its killing power. This is music to the ears of farmers who can clear their fields of weeds just by spraying their crops with glyphosate.
Monsanto would like one day to control the world’s food supply. With that imperial purpose in mind, Monsanto has been using seeds, crops, pesticides, and genetic engineering to spread its know-how throughout the planet.
But like other agribusiness giants, hubris keeps it blind to the harm its products may often cause to humans and the natural world. Studies published in 2010 show glyphosate is causing birth defects in frogs and chicken embryos at amounts smaller than those farmers and gardeners leave in food (Paganelli et al. 2010). Older studies document: cancer, endocrine disruption, damage to DNA, and deleterious malformations of the reproductive, neurological and developmental systems of animals, including human beings (Richard et al. 2005; Benachour et al. 2007). Some researchers also link glyphosate to miscarriages afflicting people and livestock. Both the industry, including Monsanto, and government authorities have known about the toxic effects of glyphosate since the 1980s. Yet both industry and regulators have kept the public in the dark.
According to Huber, “glyphosate promotes soil pathogens and is already implicated with the increase of more than 40 plant diseases.” Furthermore, Huber reported that glyphosate “dismantles plant defenses” against disease by immobilizing vital nutrients, which means the growing crop is starved of the nutrients it must have to defend itself against disease and to be nutritious. Such impoverished crops, says Huber, are causing “animal disorders.”
On November 1, 2011, Huber visited England where he made a presentation to the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Agroecology of the House of Commons (Huber, 2011). His main argument was that glyphosate “predisposes plants to disease” and “stimulates pathogens” in the soil. In other words, glyphosate acts by compromising the defense of crops against disease; glyphosate kills the targeted plants (weeds) by becoming a biological war agent, in a sense, boosting disease organisms in the soil while killing disease resistance organisms. For the last 30 years glyphosate has been sterilizing the land of organisms that are essential for the health of crops. Such microorganisms are the highways through which plants absorb essential micronutrients. They are also responsible for fixing up to 75 percent of the nitrogen legumes like soybeans, alfalfa and peas need for protein. By killing microorganisms, glyphosate reduces the ability of crops to take up micronutrients from the earth. These micronutrients, like calcium, nickel, copper, iron, manganese and zinc are essential for the health and nutritional quality of crops and, therefore, the health of animals and people eating these crops. Huber connected the micronutrient deficiencies in crops to evidence of stillborn calves and animal disease.
Civilization Under Threat
Like Morton Biskind in 1953, Huber in 2011 spoke of the danger of a new super weed killer, glyphosate. In both cases, separated by 58 years, we have the sick feeling little, maybe nothing, has changed. The same irresponsible agribusiness activities threaten the possible devastation of American agriculture.
Huber denounces the betrayal of public trust by government, industry and academia. In fact, he cites a letter from 26 university entomologists to EPA in which these scientists complain they are prohibited from doing research because their universities receive money from genetic engineering companies to advance their mission, not the public good. And Huber laments the inexplicable reality of “how willing we’ve been to sacrifice our children and future generations and to jeopardize the sustainability of our entire agricultural infrastructure that is the very basis of our existence as a society.”
In spite of the warnings of Huber and other scientists, the USDA “regulators” of genetically engineered crops continue with business as usual. The EPA “regulators” of pesticides also continue with business as usual. The USDA recently approved 2,4-D for a new genetically modified corn. Apparently, they forgot the “weed killer” 2,4-D was a chemical weapon in the Vietnam War. Like its Agent Orange sibling, 2,4,5-T, the herbicide 2,4-D was contaminated by the lethal 2378-dioxin. Adding 2,4-D to the arsenal of GM crops doesn’t bode well for America and the world.
No More Death Rain
Fortunately, there’s resistance to business as usual. I cited Biskind and Carson but in the late 1960s, biologist Paul Shepard attacked the insanity of industrialization. He said ecology was more than a science. It was a resistance movement. He said ecologists are subversive because they challenge our “right” to pollute the environment, destroy predatory animals, spread pesticides everywhere, contaminate water and food, and appropriate the land for military and industrial purposes. Furthermore, ecology subverts our delusions of unlimited human population, the domestication of all wild places, large-scale manipulation of the atmosphere and the seas, and the extinction of species.
Resistance is now taking a new form: the removal of global toxins, unfortunately, one at a time. In early 2015, the usually timid and agribusiness-friendly, World Health Organization, declared both glyphosate and 2,4-D probable human carcinogens. Following on this modest step, in May 14, 2015, the International Society of Doctors for the Environment, based in Basel, Switzerland, issued an appeal to the European governments: “To immediately and permanently ban, with no exceptions, the production, trade and use in all the EU territory of glyphosate-based herbicides.” The UK journalist, Georgina Downs, echoes that sentiment to include all pesticides.
Humans need a pesticides-free future. We need to appeal to all politicians all over the world to ban permanently and without exception all pesticides. Glyphosate represents all pesticides. Our message and policies should be telling agribusiness companies enough is enough: no more death rain. Monsanto, on the other hand, is building additional facilities to manufacture another weed killer by the name of dicamba in order to mix it up with glyphosate. That way the joint product will be more effective against the super weeds resisting glyphosate.
Pesticides are chemical weapons. They were brought to market under the cover of questionable and often fraudulent science and regulation. They are maintained in farming under the false pretense of feeding the world. They are danger itself; they are biocides. They are simply the money lubricants of giant agriculture. They serve no public purpose. We don’t need them.
Benachour et al. (2007) Time-and dose-dependent effects of roundup on human embryonic and placental cells. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 53, 126–133.
Biskind, MS (1953) “Public Health Aspects of the New Insecticides,” American Journal of Digestive Diseases 20: 331-341.
Douwe van der Ploeg, J “Peasant-driven agricultural growth and food sovereignty,” The Journal of Peasant Studies 41: 999-1030.
Herman SG and Bulger JB (1979), “Effects of a Forest Application of DDT on Nontarget Organisms,” Wildlife Monographs, No 69: 49.
Hobbelink, H “Hungry for Land” Grain, May 2014.
Huber, DM “The effects of glyphosate (Roundup) on soils, crops and consumers” (Presentation to the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Agroecology, House of Commons, UK, 1 November 2011).
Paganelli A. et al. (2010) Glyphosate-Based Herbicides Produce Teratogenic Effects on Vertebrates by Impairing Retinoic Acid Signaling. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 23: 1586-1595.
Richard S, Moslemi S, Sipahutar H, Benachour N and Seralini G-E (2005) Differential Effects of Glyphosate and Roundup on Human Placental Cells and Aromatase. Environmental Health Perspectives 113: 716-720.
Shepard, P “Ecology and Man – a Viewpoint” in The Subversive Science, ed. Paul Shepard and Daniel McKinley (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969) 9.
United States v. Goodman 486 F. 2d at 855 (7th Cir. 1973).
Evaggelos Vallianatos, Ph.D., is a former EPA analyst. He is the author of hundreds of articles and several books, including “Poison Spring: The Secret History of Pollution and the EPA” (with McKay Jenkins, Bloomsbury Press, 2014).