A Long-Term Strategy for HealthBy: Deborah Liv Johnson
The issues surrounding weight gain can be complex, but there are strategies for losing weight slowly and sensibly, with a long-term goal of ongoing weight management and maintenance.
One strategy for weight loss/maintenance is portion control — examining one’s dinner plate size is a good place to begin. During the past 50 years, dinner plates have grown from what we now view as “salad plate” size to “serving platter” size. A 12- or 13- inch dinner plate is common and much larger than the 9-inch plates of the past. However, eating from a full 9-inch plate may feel more satisfying than eating the same amount of food from a larger plate.
According to Mallory Benavides, Dietitian, Eisenhower Medical Center Nutritional Services, portion control is one of the best ways to lose — and maintain — weight. For Benavides’ patients, portion control begins with education.
“When a patient comes in, we talk about their diet,” says Benavides. “I ask them to write down what they eat, how much they eat, and when they eat, over a period of three days. Most people don’t think they eat much throughout the day, so they’re surprised when they see it written down on paper.” Benavides educates her patients about recommended portions, something that is especially helpful when dining out. “Once I show my patients how large a portion should be, I tell them to go home and measure selected foods so they’ll be able to “eyeball” a correct portion without having to measure their food all the time,” she says.
What does a half cup of cooked rice or beans look like? A half cup of chopped vegetables equals the size of a half of a baseball or a rounded handful, while a cup of leafy greens might equal the whole baseball. Practice paying attention to portion size at home and when dining out.
Some people eat the right foods, but in quantities that are too large. Portion control can help these individuals reduce the size of their meals along with their calorie intake.
Benavides emphasizes that carbohydrates are our main source of energy, so it is important to make healthy choices: vegetables, fruits, whole grains, beans, and non-fat dairy products like plain Greek yogurt. “If we deprive ourselves of the good carbohydrates, we’re going to feel sluggish or tired throughout the day which often translates into cravings for sweets and caffeine,” notes Benavides. “We need the good carbohydrates for energy.”
Using a 9-inch plate, a meal should consist of:
½ plate of vegetables
¼ plate of 3 ounces of meat (fish or chicken) or meat substitute.
Three ounces is about the size of a deck of cards.
¼ plate of starch (potatoes, whole grain rice or pasta)
Daily protein requirement for most healthy people: 5 to 7 ounces
Overly restrictive diets and high expectations can contribute to failed weight loss. According to Benavides, patients have more success thinking in terms of moderation and portion control. “People have different needs, different metabolisms and different habits,” says Benavides. “We like to take an individual approach with each client.”
Tips For Eating Out
Consider sharing a small appetizer or salad, and entrée. Or, when ordering food, ask the server to put one half of the meal into a “take home” container before you are served. You’ll be able to finish your meal without feeling too full.
Share one dessert between a table of four. Everyone gets a bite or two and the extra calorie intake is greatly reduced. For tables of two, share something lighter, like fresh fruit or a small scoop of sorbet.
Include steamed or roasted vegetables as one of your sides, without added butter or sauce.
Skip the bread basket or have just one slice before asking the server to remove the rest.
Potatoes without added fat are a good source of fiber and nutrients. One cup of whole wheat pasta with marinara sauce is another side option.
Ask for fresh lemons to squeeze on salad and vegetables instead of using dressing.


Anantnag is a district in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The district headquarter is Anantnag.
Anantnag is one of the six districts of the Kashmir Valley situated in its south and south western direction. Geographically the district lies between 33o-20' to 34o-15' north latitude and 74o-30' to 75o-35' east longitude. Situated at a distance of 55 Kms. of the south east of Srinagar, Anantnag is spread over an area of 3984 Sq. Kms. with a population of 11.70 lacs as it stood in 2001. The Anantnag is gateway of the Kashmir Valley and is called the granary of the Kashmir Valley as it is agriculturally very fertile. The districts comprises of 5 Tehsils and 12 community development blocks. The population of district Anantnag is 11.70 lakhs as per the census, 2001.
Kashmiri is the most popular language of the district. Though the official language is Urdu, but Kashmiri is mostly spoken. Gojri is another language which is used by the Jujjar and Bakerwal tribes who are mostly living in the rural and upper reaches of the district. Pahari is also used by a small population. Most of the people can speak Kashmiri and Urdu languages. English is spoken by educated section of the society.
Kheer Bhawani Temple: The Goddess Ragnya Devi is symbolised as a sacred spring at Tula Mula village, 27 kms from Srinagar. Within the spring is a small marble temple. The devotees of the goddess fast and gather here on the eighth day of the full moon in the month of May when, according to belief, the goddess changes the colour of the spring's waters. The temple-spring complex is affectionately known as Kheer Bhawani because of the thousands of devotees who offer milk and 'kheer' to the sacred spring, which magically turns black to warn of disaster.
Devibal - Khir Bhawani Asthapan: Devibal temple is situated in Anantnag near nagbal.It is dedicated to the holy spring of Khir Bhawani which issues here and is now enshrined in a small stone-built one storey temple. It attracts a good number of devotees and is considered a holy place by the entire kashmiri pandit community.
Nagbal: The entire complex is known popularly as Nagabal and is famous Hindu religious center in Anantnag District. It is situated in the east corner of the town. The holy spring which originates from here and the formation of which is attributed to Vishno or Narayana is said to be a Vedic ‘tirath’. The spring rises beautifully from the foot of a small hill-lock and is dedicated to the worship of Ananta or Vishno.
Gautam Nag: Sri Ramakrishra Maha sammelan managed by Vivekananda Rock Memorial Committee Kanyakumari, is situated here. An ancient spring and a few idols of some ancient temple are found here. Annual festival is held here on the day Chhari (Amarnath Yatra) starts. It is 3 km. away from Achhabal.Gautam Nag is just 2 Kilometers away from Anantnag. It is said that Gautam Rishi had his penance here.
Verinag Nila Nag: Verinag (Nila Nag) spring is of great importance and beauty, with deep blue water which issues from the bottom of a high scrap of a mountain spur and here also Emperor Jehangir built a garden and pleasure house. The Verinag spring is about 26 kilometers away from Anantnag and is considered as the original source of river Jehlum. The spring is situated at the bottom of hill covered by pine trees and evergreen plants.
VETHA - VATUR (Vetastha) :It is situated one kilo meter from Verinag, Anantnag. It is source of river Vitasta (Jhelum). It has about 23 Kanals in shape of orchards. (Vitasta) Here is the source of river Vitasta. Annual pilgrimage to this place is performed on the thirteenth day of the dark half of the Bhadra month.
Mattan (Bawan) :The Valley of Kashmir is the 'Holy Land' of the Hindus and there is hardly any village which can not show some relic of antiquity. In Anantnag District there are several temples of historical as well as religious importance. Bawan temple is one among them. Some 8 Kms. from Anantnag town, on the north side is to be seen a spring, a very sacred spring, near a small village called Bawan, a name derived from the water, which gushes out from a fissure in the limestone rock.
Ziarat Baba Hyder Reshi(Reshi Maloo): The tomb of Baba Hyder Reshi popularly known as Harda Reshi or Reshi Molu, the saint at whose anniversary local people of the area abstain from flesh eating for one week, is visited by both Muslims and Hindus alike. The shrine is one of the famous places frequented by people from all over the valley. It is Situated in Mohalla Reshi Sahib in Anantnag Town.
Uma Devi of Uma Nagri: Goddess Uma is said to have selected Her abode in the lap of great Himalayas in Kashmir in Umanagri, Uttersoo in Anantnag Tehsil. She is believed to have manifested herself in in the form of a stream and appeared in the shape on “Omkar” in five springs.
Nagdandi: About two kilometres away from the historical and picturesque town of Achabal, on the right side of the road to Uma Devi (Brari-Aangan), there is the Ramakrishnan Mahasammelan Ashram, which was founded by late Swami Ashokananda, more than forty years ago. It is a fairy big Ashram now, a compact complex of some buildings and a small temple dedicated to Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, at the foot of wooded Achabal hills. The Samadhi of Swami Ashokananda is within the precincts of the Ashram.
Domtabal Asthapan :It is just 2 Kilometers from Kokernag and 16 Kilometers away from Anantnag. Ancient murties have been stolen which are priceless.
Khana Barnain Triporsundari Asthapan Devsar: :Dedicated to Divine mother This Devi Asthapan of Khana Barnayan is situated about 18 kilometers from Anantnag, about 2 kilometers from Devsar town. It had a murti of Tripore Sundari, a temple, a Dharmshalla and Havan Kund construced by Swami Ram Das. All of these were reduced to ashes after December, 1992.
Amarnath Ji :One of the holy trinity, Shiva is a living god. The most ancient and sacred book of India, the Rig Veda evokes his presence in its hymns. Vedic myths, ritual and even astronomy testify to his existence from the dawn of time. Shiva is known to have made his home in the Himalayas. He built no house nor shelter, not for himself or his bride. He was an ascetic, and yet married; he could be both for "he was the wild god sporting in the forest or taking his ease on a cloud."
Goswami Gund Ashram :An attractive neat and clean Ashram is found here. During Amarnath Yatra a number of devotees visit this Ashrama and stay and mediate for a few days. This beautiful Ashram is situated just 12 kilometers from town Anantnag. It has land measuring about 200 Kanals (irrigated by tenants) and has self cultivable 18 Kanals as Orchard. It has beautiful lotus spring.
Guddar Asthapan :This Asthapan is just 3 Kilometers from Tom Kulgam. This is now in ruins and desecrated.The temples which were burnt during riote of 1986 and 1992 are annexed herewith.
Ganesh Bal Hakura: Ganesh Bal is situated at village Hakura Badasgam near Bony Baag (China garden) on the main road.It is dedicated to lord Ganesh.According to Raj Tarangni is believed that at this place there was a huge Golden Temple of lord Ganesh which was visted by poplle from all the sides on Ganesh Chuterdeshi. At this place a Idol Murti of Lord Ganesh was installed by Late Shri Darshan Nath Pandita in the year 1984 of Hakura.kashmiri Pandits form this village used to visit this place and offer Thari and ladoo to the lord Ganesh.
Lok Bhawan :This is called Tirth Raj Asthapan just 8 kilometers from Anantnag town. It has a big spring and temples and Dharmshalla. All temples were burnt, including Dharmshalla in February, 1986. They were rebuilt but again damaged in December, 1992 `Har Bagh' is celebrated on each year and person gets rid of all sins, if he takes a bath in spring on auspicious day.
Mirza Kak Asthapan :Mirza Kak Asthapan at Hangalgund, Kokernag, Anantnag. He was known for prophetic verses and a JAG is performed every year; now Mirza Kak Trust has been formed. They have constructed a temple at Nagrota, Jammu. Kashmir has been a sacred land where tirthas, sacred springs and places of worship are found in abundance. One such tirtha is dedicated to goddess Hingla Devi in Brang Pargana. According to Brangesh Samhita, the Brang Pargana has been named after Brangesh Muni, the author of this Samhita. The Brangi river, which runs through this pargana, also bears his name. The village has thus got the name of Hingalagund which later got abridged to Hangalgund. In this village near Kokernag lived a pious Brahmin named Lassa Pandit. He had two sons - Bhulla Pandit and Mirza Pandit.
Durga Temple at Kakran :It was completely burnt after 1992 riots and was maintained by Dharmarth Trust.
Shiva Bhagwati At Akingam :This small village is still called in revenue records as "Maqan Shiva Bhagwati". It had a beautiful temple, with two storey, Dharamshalla and large chunk of forest land attached to it. This temple was burnt along with Dharmshalla in December, 1992 and confirmed by Govt. and F.I.R. No. 86/92 lodged.
Kulwagishiri Asthapan Kulgam :This ancient Asthapan is situated in heart of town Kulgam about 16 Kilometers from Anantnag town. The Asthapan had beautiful spring, one temple, Dharmshalla and Geeta Bhawan. All have been burnt during December, 1992 riots in presence of Police.
Liddar Syandhai Asthapan :This Asthapan is situated about 24 kilometers from Anantnag on hill top near Kaprun. The place is desecrated and is under occupation of Muslim community.
Trisandhia Asthapan :It is situated about 23 kilometers from Anantnag and 3 kilometers from Kokernag. During Chitra month water used to come after intervals and pilgrims used to take dip when water would come out. Sometimes water would come six times a day sometimes nothing for two days. It is now desecrated.
Gauri Temple at Pahalgam :This temple, which was completely burnt during December 1992, Asthapan at Maugam, A Devi Temple and Dharmshalla were completely burnt. There are more ancient Asthapans and temples but to narrate them all is not possible.
Shillagram Temple :This temple is situated at Shillagram on Anantnag Pahalgam Road, about 13 Kilometers from Anantnag. It was ancient temple and Amar Nath Charre Mubarak used to offer Puja on Shivlingam (Sahastri Mukhi Shiva). This temple was destroyed in 1998 and Shivlingam is still missing. It had thousand eyes.


We are well aware of the Internet of Computers, where our computers, laptops, and smartphones are all connected together and sharing information continuously. We are sending messages, receiving emails, sharing pictures, posting on social media, seamlessly because of the Internet of Computers.
It is not long ago when the concept of connecting the virtual world with the physical world came into being. Since the creation of the internet, several significant advancements in technologies have taken place. The ‘connection’ of the virtual world to the physical reality with the help of sensors and cloud computing has unleashed the door to the next industrial revolution.
It is assumed that every two years, computing power, data transmission bandwidth, and storage capacity is doubled. IoT revolves around the idea that if any device is capable it should be connected with other devices. With this idea, we have an infinite number of opportunities to monitor, automate and enhance the experience of making operations smart, efficient and cost-effective.
The connected devices can be vehicles collecting data about their engine health, or about the traffic in vicinity or a house automation system controlling lights or it can be cold storages or server rooms where temperature and humidity are being maintained. Internet of things (IoT) will not only increase efficiency but productivity while improving health and safety, creating better experiences. In a largely uncharted category of technology, one thing is absolutely certain, that the world we used to know is soon changing.
We are at the surface of the potential of IoT and to explore it more we need to dive in. The internet of things has the potential that needs to be explored yet. If we want to tackle the challenges in this industrial age then we need to keep pace with the current developments. Understanding the potential of IoT and implementing them is essential for the success of any business.


Facts about Che Guevara
Che Guevara Biography
Ernesto “Che” Guevara worked and studied medicine in various parts of Latin America before teaming up with Fidel Castro in 1959 to force a revolution in Cuba.
After the revolution, Che Guevara was second only to Castro in power and served in several posts in the Cuban regime. In 1965 he left Cuba and traveled the world as a fomenter of revolution, working unsuccessfully toward Marxist/Leninist takeovers in the Congo and Bolivia. In Bolivia he was captured by U.S.-backed military troops and executed in 1967.
Guevara was known for his flamboyance and ruthless dedication to revolution, and his successes and untimely killing made him an anti-capitalist icon in the 1960s and beyond. Guevara wrote the books Guerrilla Warfare (1961) and Reminiscences of the Cuban Revolutionary War (published posthumously in 1968).


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New PD Course Focuses on iPods and iPads in Special Education
Atomic Learning’s Atomic Catalyst solution has recently added a new professional development course featuring techniques for using mobile technology in special education entitled “iPod/iPad Use for Students with Special Needs”.
Using the iPod and iPad™ in special education is a growing trend. But how do you get started, what is the potential, and what strengths do students need in order to be successful users of this technology? This course will answer those questions and participants will walk away with an implementation plan for a student or classroom to ensure successful use of this technology.
Centered around the timely topics of Common Core Standards or the use of mobile devices in the classroom, every six-week Atomic Catalyst PD course includes a weekly instructional webinar led by a highly-qualified facilitator, as well as online resources, collaborative discussions and facilitator feedback to help teachers build and apply new strategies and skills.
Courses entitled “Transforming Classroom Lessons to Teach Common Core Standards” and “Going Mobile” are also offered. To learn more or register for any of these courses, visit https://store.atomiclearning.com/.


Your Low Back Pain Questions
Low back pain is primarily caused by joints between the vertebrae (the bones in your spine) becoming irritated. This discomfort can be felt in various ways (e.g. achy, dull or sharp pain). But when nerves in your back are pinched, by inflammation or a disc bulge. Then you may also experience numbness, tingling or pain in your legs.
Irritation is caused by one of three forms of stress on your body:
- emotional or, more commonly,
- physical stress
Examples of Chemical Stress are pollution, smoking, medication or simply the food you’re eating.
Whilst Physical Strain is often a result of poor posture (e.g. slouching on the sofa or having a poor PC/desk set-up), over-exertion (e.g. lifting heavy objects or carrying schoolbags), trauma, inherited abnormalities or sporting injuries.
- Carry only what you can easily lift
If you’re at school or have a long journey to work, make sure you’re carrying only what you need and best of all use a rucksack – over BOTH shoulders. As we age or our fitness changes, we should recognise that we may need to ‘re-learn our capabilities’.
- Keep active
By keeping fit you keep your body strong. It’s therefore more stable; reducing your risk of injury.
Movement also wants to move. When you’re sat in front of the computer or TV get up and move about every 40 minutes.
Here at ChiroPractical we feel like we talk about this all the time: it’s SO important. Our bodies have evolved to stand up STRAIGHT. 21st Century living, though, often means we curve our spine over a desk, in front of a PC or gaming console. Stand up as tall as you can and ensure your desk/car/workspace etc is set up just right for you.
Advice for Reducing Low Back Pain
By the time you’re reading this following the prevention steps won’t help much until any subluxations (abnormal joint positioning) are dealt with.
The aim of Chiropractic is to locate these subluxations and get the joint/s more functional. This in turn reduces stress, inflammation and pain, and enhances nerve function.
We can’t wait to help you – call today to book in and find out what Chiropractic can do for you.
Click here to hear what others have to say about their treatment


It would be a bit stupid to call a system the real number system if real numbers were not a part of it!
If a number is pure imaginary then it has no real component. If it is a real number, then there is no imaginary component. If it has both real and imaginary components, then it is a complex number.
real number system (diagram) and explain it
The real number system is a number system using the rational and irrational numbers.
100 is an element in the real number system. It is a member of the set of real numbers.
-29 is an element of the real number system. That is to say, it belongs to the set of real numbers.
shopping, travel, measurements and money are the real life applications of real number system.
The fundamental property of the real number system is the concept of a successor to a whole number (Peano).
"Examples of schematic diagram of the real number system?"
The real number system is composed of the counting numbers (1, 2, 3...).
go to google and type "real number system" then click on the images
The number 0.


High blood pressure medications may cause several side effects in patients. A dry, persistent cough is an adverse event that requires discontinuation of the drug. Medications that may induce cough are the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, such as lisinopril, enalapril and ramipril, and angiotensin II receptor blockers, such as candesartan, olmesartan and losartan. The patient should be switched to another class of high blood pressure medications.
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Thiazide-type diuretics are the preferred treatment in patients with high blood pressure, according to Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach. These drugs prevent sodium from being reabsorbed into the body, allowing sodium and water to be released from the body. The thiazide-type diuretics include hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide and metolazone. Loop diuretics are a subclass of diuretics used when other medical issues exist. Bumetanide, furosemide and torsemide are loop diuretics that prevent reabsorption of sodium. These medications work at the loop of Henle in the kidney. Potassium-sparing diuretics are another subclass and include amiloride and triamterene. These drugs prevent the release of potassium and are a good choice in patients who are at risk for low levels of potassium.
Beta-blockers are another class of high blood pressure medications that do not cause cough. Beta-blockers prevent chemicals from binding to beta receptors found on the heart. This leads to a decrease in the force and rate of the heart beat producing a decrease in blood pressure. The oxygen demand of the heart also decreases, allowing a further decrease in blood pressure. The medications in this class are atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, nadolol, propanolol, pindolol, penbutolol, labetolol, acebutolol, timolol and carvedilol.
Calcium Channel Blockers
Calcium channel blockers are used in patients who have failed to treat high blood pressure adequately. These drugs include amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine and isradipine SR, nicardipine, nisoldipine, diltiazem and verapamil. The Drug Information Handbook explains that the calcium channel blockers prevent calcium from producing its effects and allows the muscles of the heart to relax. This also allows oxygen to reach the heart more effectively and lower the blood pressure. The use of these medications may be beneficial in patients who have chronic chest pain, as well.


What is an example of Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment?
Mendel’s Independent Assortment Experiment
For example, a plant that had round seeds and yellow seed color was cross-pollinated with a plant that had wrinkled seeds and green seed color. … This means that the dominant traits of round seed shape and yellow color completely masked the recessive traits in the F1 generation.6 мая 2019 г.
What is Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment quizlet?
Terms in this set (23)
Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment states that alleles of different genes assort independently of one another during gamete formation. … The Principle of Segregation states that each organism has two genes per trait, which segregate when the organism makes eggs or sperm.
Which best describes the Law of Independent Assortment?
The Law of Independent Assortment states that different genes and their alleles are inherited independently within sexually reproducing organisms. During meiosis, chromosomes are separated into multiple gametes.
What observation is explained by the Law of Independent Assortment?
Recessive trait forms are always hidden in the F 1 generation. Each pair of chromosomes separates on its own during meiosis. Dominant trait forms are always displayed in the F 1 generation.
What is Mendel’s second law?
Mendel’s Second Law – the law of independent assortment; during gamete formation the segregation of the alleles of one allelic pair is independent of the segregation of the alleles of another allelic pair.
What are the 3 principles of Mendelian genetics?
The key principles of Mendelian inheritance are summed up by Mendel’s three laws: the Law of Independent Assortment, Law of Dominance, and Law of Segregation.
What are the principles of independent assortment?
The Principle of Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from one another when reproductive cells develop. Independent assortment of genes and their corresponding traits was first observed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 during his studies of genetics in pea plants.
What is the difference between segregation and independent assortment quizlet?
What is the difference between segregation and independent assortment? Segregation-when two alleles for a given trait from the parent are randomly separated into sex cells. Independent Assortment- inheritance of one trait that has no influence on the inheritance of a separate trait.
What does it mean when a trait is independent of another trait?
The Law of Independent Assortment states that alleles for separate traits are passed independently of one another from parents to offspring. … In other words, the allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene.
What best describes Mendel’s law of segregation?
Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that a diploid organism passes a randomly selected allele for a trait to its offspring, such that the offspring receives one allele from each parent. Learning Objectives. Apply the law of segregation to determine the chances of a particular genotype arising from a genetic cross.
Why is the Law of Independent Assortment important?
Independent assortment of genes is important to produce new genetic combinations that increase genetic variations within a population.
What is Independent Assortment explain with suitable example?
Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment explains the inheritance. of two traits of a plant together. This can be explained by taking the example of inheritance of height and color of flower together in pea plant. This type of cross is termed dihybrid cross.
Why Law of Independent Assortment is not universal?
Many genes are located on one chromosome, i.e. they are linked. … Therefore, the law of independent assortment is applicable only for the traits which are located on different chromosomes. Thus, law of independent assortment is not universally applicable.
How do you prove Law of Independent Assortment?
According to the law of independent assortment, the alleles of two more genes get sorted into gametes independent of each other. The allele received for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene.


Now it is important to note that I am talking about grammar, nothing sexual. Thank you. It’s something that stumps most students, even quite advanced ones. I do remember when I trained as a TEFL teacher, the one thing that confused me was this ‘Active and Passive Voice’ malarky. But then, I’m not sure I was paying attention at the important times!
So what is it, and why is it confusing? Well have a look at the two sets of sentences below and see if you can work out the rules, without looking at them – I’ve put them below the cartoon!
- a) The police arrested Baldwin and charged him with assault but a judge later acquitted him.
- b) Baldwin was arrested and charged with assault, but he was later acquitted.
- a) Paperazzi pursued Tom Cruise at high speed through the tunnel in Paris where a car crash killed Princess Diana.
- b) Tom Cruise has been pursued at high speed through the tunnel in Paris where Princess Diana was killed.
The rules? It’s simple really! To make a sentence passive (the second sentences) you swap the subject and object, insert the verb ‘to be’ in the correct form (or sometimes the verb ‘get’) before the verb, which you must ensure is now in Past Participle form and the use the preposition ‘by’ to introduce the ‘agent’. You may be able to omit the ‘agent’ (the police and the paparazzi) if the agent is unknown, unimportant, obvious or if you simply don’t want to identify the agent. Got that? 🙂


(photo by Dreamstime.com)
Mother's Day is a holiday celebrated on the second Sunday in May in the United States. It is a day when children (small and adult) honor their mothers with gifts, flowers, and cards.
In 1908, Ana Jarvis from West Virginia, U.S., started a campaign to observe a national Mother's Day. She began with convincing her mother's church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate all mothers on the anniversary of her own mother's death.
Jarvis, along with others, began a letter-writing campaign to ministers, businessmen, and politicians. They urged support for their idea of a national Mother's Day. It worked! President Woodrow Wilson made an official announcement in 1914. He proclaimed that Mother's Day would be a national observance held each year on the second Sunday in May.
The United States is not the only country honoring Mothers. Many other countries celebrate Mother's Day at different times throughout the year. Only Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium celebrate Mother's Day the same day as the United States.


Smokers may avoid treatment to quit smoking if they previously gained weight while trying to quit, according to researchers at Penn State College of Medicine.
Weight gain is a predictable occurrence for smokers who have recently quit. Within the first year after quitting, they gain an average of eight to 14 pounds, and some smokers report that they keep smoking simply because they do not want to gain weight from quitting.
Susan Veldheer, project manager in the Department of Public Health Sciences, predicted that smokers would avoid treatment to quit if they are highly concerned about gaining weight.
Researchers surveyed 186 smokers who sought treatment to quit and 102 smokers who avoided treatment. Smokers were defined as “seeking treatment” if they participated in a smoking cessation treatment research study. Other smokers were approached in the clinics and offered the cessation treatment research study. If they were not interested in the study, they were defined as “not seeking treatment,” or avoiding it. Participants were current smokers who smoked at least five cigarettes per day and were recruited from Penn State Hershey Medical Center.
All participants were asked about weight gain during past attempts to quit and their concern for gaining weight after quitting in the future. Overall, smokers who sought treatment to quit were equally concerned about gaining weight as the smokers who avoided treatment. The difference was in whether or not the smokers had gained weight before. Of all the participants, 53 percent had gained weight during a previous attempt to quit smoking. Within this subgroup, smokers who were highly concerned about gaining weight were more likely to avoid treatment to help them quit. These findings appeared in The International Journal of Clinical Practice.
“Perhaps we shouldn’t be surprised that smokers who gained weight previously are ‘once bitten, twice shy,'” Veldheer said. “They are concerned about weight gain if they attempt to quit even though they may know the benefits of quitting.”
Researchers suggest that clinicians should ask smokers if they had previously gained weight while trying to quit. If so, these smokers should be assured that strategies to maintain weight will be addressed in treatment.
Does your child get enough exercise? You can get your children more active with these 5 fun parenting tips.
In just four steps, you can improve your health for the better and this article will show you how. The steps below are bite-sized nuggets of health information you can actually use to live a healthy life. Here we go… Nutritional supplements are the first step As far as I’m concerned, they are very important […]
Several food and nutrition trends were in the spotlight this year, including the continued rise of plant-based diets, non-dairy ice creams and superfoods that are blasts from the past — legumes, apples and cabbage. It can be easy to experience nutrition whiplash in the New Year, but don’t be a victim. Get a jump-start on […]
If you want to lose weight, you’re not alone. More than half of Americans desire to shed pounds, according to Gallup. This goal inspires people to take action in many ways, from increasing exercise to modifying meals. One thing many people do is skip breakfast in order to lower calorie intake. While this may seem […]


Alternate Activity 1: Looking Closely at Photographic or Fine Art Images
Activity time: 10 minutes
Materials for Activity
- A variety of complex fine art images (see Leader Resource 3)
- Optional: To include a vision-impaired participant, tactile art objects, such as sculpture or fabric weaving
- Optional: Tape or putty to post images on walls or attach to table surfaces
Preparation for Activity
- Print the images provided in Leader Resource 3, Photographic or Fine Arts Images or obtain other images you wish to use. Display the images on work tables or on walls.
Description of Activity
Invite participants to examine each image and consider:
- What do you notice about it?
- What do you think it is a picture of?
Then gather the group. As you hold up each image, invite the children to share their observations. Point out the variety in their observations. Ask: Why did we each see different things?
Including All Participants
Be mindful of vision-impaired participants. If any in the group have vision limitations, make sure objects can be observed in a tactile way and encourage all to observe by touch.
For more information contact firstname.lastname@example.org.


‘Forest Bathing’ for Mesothelioma: Breathing Natural Medicine
Shinrin-yoku is a Japanese term that translates to “forest bathing.” It refers to the practice of taking in the atmosphere of a forest to promote physical and psychological health.
Forest bathing could support many types of mesothelioma treatment because it is a simple and undemanding therapy.
The Japanese government has promoted Shinrin-yoku as a way of preventing and healing illness since 1982. Similar practices are established in South Korea.
In these Asian countries — two of the most modern, developed nations in the world — forest therapies are even covered by some health insurance plans.
So what does the forest have to offer aside from fresh air?
Proponents of forest bathing point out that humans originally thrived in natural environments such as plains and forests. Humans only began living in cities and suburbs during the past few thousand years, which is a tiny fraction of our history as a species.
It could be that our species evolved to depend on the natural environment to stay healthy.
Researchers in Japan and Korea have spent decades studying the influence of forest air on human health, finding evidence to support the popular practice of forest bathing.
The philosophy behind forest bathing has some similarities to Western naturopathy and aromatherapy. However, forest bathing also has a growing body of mainstream research behind it.
Links Between Shinrin-yoku, Kneipp Therapy and Aromatherapy
In Japan, visiting a forest is a popular way to reduce stress and maintain a healthy lifestyle.
Studies have proven that relaxing in a forest lowers blood pressure and reduces the amount of stress hormones in the body. Chronic stress increases your risk of developing numerous health problems, so many holistic health philosophies give a high priority to managing stress.
One example from Germany is called Kneipp therapy. It is named for Sebastian Kneipp, a Bavarian priest who lived in the 1800s and proclaimed, “Nature is the best pharmacy.” Kneipp’s long career in alternative medicine continues to inspire practitioners of naturopathic medicine around the world.
Kneipp emphasized natural cures, exercising in the great outdoors and seeking a balanced lifestyle that fosters peace of mind. His American contemporary Henry David Thoreau also praised the calming and healing power of nature.
In terms of complementary and alternative medicine, forest bathing fits into the broad category of “nature therapy.” This refers to any practice that relies on a natural environment to decrease stress and boost the immune system.
More specifically, you could consider forest bathing as a natural aromatherapy. Aromatherapy uses essential oils to promote well-being — by either applying the oils during a massage or vaporizing the oils so they can be inhaled.
The plants of a forest produce essential oils that evaporate into the air, which gives the forest its natural smell. In recent years, researchers have discovered there is more to healthy forest air than a pleasant aroma.
Evidence for Forest Therapy Goes Beyond Relaxation
In several studies, researchers have examined the biochemistry of people before and after a forest-bathing trip.
They found forest bathing not only reduces the physical signs of stress in the body — it also increases the activity of immune-system cells that fight tumors and viral infections.
In 2009, a group of Japanese scientists designed an experiment to test whether the essential oils of a forest play a role in producing these health benefits.
Instead of visiting a forest in this study, research participants were sent to stay at a hotel in a city. The scientists vaporized essential oils from forest plants in the hotel rooms, recreating the atmosphere of a forest.
After three nights in the hotel, the participants showed lower stress-hormone levels and improved immune-system activity. This evidence shows forest bathing is not just about relaxing on vacation.
Rather, forest air is actually filled with chemicals that can benefit humans.
The essential oils produced by forest trees are known as phytoncides, which means “plant-derived exterminators.” Plants use phytoncides to protect themselves from germs and insects.
Phytoncides are important to a plant’s immune system. Science now suggests phytoncides can boost a human’s immune system as well.
Benefits for Mesothelioma Patients
A healthy immune system can increase the effectiveness of mesothelioma treatments — especially immunotherapy.
Many of the most promising new drugs being tested for mesothelioma are designed to unleash a patient’s own immune system on their cancer. But for this treatment approach to work, a patient must have a strong immune system to begin with.
Aside from helping the immune system, the health benefits of forest bathing include:
- Reduced stress
- Diminished pain perception
- Better blood-sugar control
- Improved mental concentration
In 2017, a Korean study reviewed research on a few other potential benefits of breathing forest air. The study focused on terpenes, one of the main classes of phytoncide found in pine forests.
Terpenes have anti-inflammatory effects that can ease lung problems such as bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Terpenes may also promote brain health in old age by preventing neurodegeneration.
Some terpenes even show direct anti-cancer effects in laboratory experiments.
The great advantage of forest bathing for mesothelioma patients is that it is an easy, gentle therapy.
Forest bathing is not about hiking up a hillside or memorizing plant names on a nature walk. There is no goal to reach, calories to burn or steps to count.
The purpose of Shinrin-yoku is to slow down, take a break from your worries and breathe deep the healing essence of the natural world.
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12 Cited Article Sources
The sources on all content featured in The Mesothelioma Center at Asbestos.com include medical and scientific studies, peer-reviewed studies and other research documents from reputable organizations.
Cho, K. et al. (2017). Terpenes from forests and human health.
Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5402865/
Livni, E. (2016, October 12). The Japanese practice of ‘forest bathing’ is scientifically proven to improve your health.
Retrieved from: https://qz.com/804022/health-benefits-japanese-forest-bathing/
Kim, M. (2016, May 17). ‘Forest bathing’ is latest fitness trend to hit U.S. — ‘Where yoga was 30 years ago.’
Retrieved from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2016/05/17/forest-bathing-is-latest-fitness-trend-to-hit-u-s-where-yoga-was-30-years-ago/
Craig, J. & Prescott, S. (2016, January 31). Why a walk in the woods really does help your body and your soul.
Retrieved from: https://theconversation.com/why-a-walk-in-the-woods-really-does-help-your-body-and-your-soul-53227
Song, C., Ikei, H. & Miyazaki, Y. (2016). Physiological effects of nature therapy: A review of the research in Japan.
Retrieved from: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/13/8/781/htm
Li, Q. (2010). Effect of forest bathing trips on human immune function.
Retrieved from: https://environhealthprevmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s12199-008-0068-3
Tsunetsugu, Y., Park, B. & Miyazaki, Y. (2010). Trends in research related to “Shinrin-yoku” (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing) in Japan.
Retrieved from: https://environhealthprevmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s12199-009-0091-z
Park, B. et al. (2010). The physiological effects of Shinrin-yoku (taking in the forest atmosphere or forest bathing): evidence from field experiments in 24 forests across Japan.
Retrieved from: https://environhealthprevmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s12199-009-0086-9
Li, Q. et al. (2009). Effect of phytoncide from trees on human natural killer cell function.
Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20074458
Morita, E. et al. (2007). Psychological effects of forest environments on healthy adults: Shinrin-yoku (forest-air bathing, walking) as a possible method of stress reduction.
Retrieved from: http://www.publichealthjrnl.com/article/S0033-3506(06)00146-6/abstract
Kneipp.com. (n.d.).Kneipp’s Five Pillars.
Retrieved from: https://www.kneipp.com/us_en/natures-expert/kneipp-philosophy/kneipps-five-pillars/
- Forest Therapy Association of the Americas. (n.d.). Health Benefits. Retrieved from: http://forest-therapy.net/healthbenefits.html


The Global Contexts
Holistic education is provided through the Global Contexts. These contexts give the MYP its distinctive core and are presented in a coherent and creative way through the subjects, interdisciplinary teaching, projects and special programs. The function of the contexts is to:
- Provide a framework for cross-curricular work
- Encourage teaching of concepts, illustrated by content
- Raise awareness on the integrated subjects
- Provide appropriate learning experiences across all subjects
- Focus thinking, like a lens
- Give a structure for exploration
- Enable teachers and students to strive for depth and richness
- Provide links to issues outside the classrooms.
The six IB Global Contexts are:
- Identities and Relationships: Students will explore identity, beliefs and values, personal, physical, mental, social and spiritual health, human relationships including families, friends, communities and cultures, what it means to be human.
- Orientation in space and time: Students will explore personal histories, homes and journeys, turning points in humankind, discoveries, explorations and migrations of humankind, the relationships between and the interconnectedness of individuals and civilizations from personal, local and global perspectives
- Personal and cultural expression: Students will explore the ways in which we discover and express ideas, feelings, nature, culture, beliefs and values, the ways in which we reflect on, extend and enjoy our creativity, our appreciation of the aesthetic
- Scientific and technical innovation: Students will explore the natural world and its laws, the interaction between people and the natural world, how humans use their understanding of scientific principles, the impact of scientific and technological advances on communities and environments, the impact of environments on human activity, how humans adapt environments to their needs
- Globalization and sustainability: Students will explore the interconnectedness of human-made systems and communities, the relationship between local and global processes, how local experiences mediate the global, the opportunities and tensions provided by world- interconnectedness, the impact of decision-making on humankind and the environment
- Fairness and development: Students will explore rights and responsibilities, the relationship between communities, sharing finite resources with other people and with other living things, access to equal opportunities, peace and conflict resolution.


Discover the cosmos! Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer.
August 12, 1996
Leo Triplet Spiral Galaxy M65
Credit: Anglo-Australian Telescope photograph by David Malin
Copyright: Anglo-Australian Telescope Board
Explanation: Spiral galaxy M65 is a normal spiral galaxy not unlike our own Milky Way. In fact, M65 is a typical spiral galaxy of a type that could be found anywhere in the local universe. Given a morphological type of "Sa", M65 shows tightly wrapped spiral arms and a large nuclear central bulge. The central bulge stars are older and redder than disk stars, which appear more blue. Stars in the bulge of the our own Milky Way Galaxy are also typically older and redder than stars in the disk where our Sun resides. M65 is a member of the Leo Triplet of galaxies, along with its neighbors M66 and NGC 3628. Although it appears that M65's gravity has distorted M66's symmetry, M65's symmetry seems unaffected by M66. M65 is located roughly 35 million light years away, so that light recorded today left after the fall of the dinosaurs but when many land mammals were just evolving on Earth.
Authors & editors:
NASA Technical Rep.: Sherri Calvo. Specific rights apply.
A service of: LHEA at NASA/ GSFC


ClearIAS is one of the pioneers who come up with a test-based approach to clear the UPSC Civil Services Exam.
Today, let me start with the story of two IAS aspirants – candidate ‘A’ and candidate ‘B’.
Both candidates have a deep desire to become an IAS officer. However, their approach to succeed in the exam is different.
Candidate ‘A’ believes that what one needs to crack the UPSC exam is ‘knowledge’. He follows a highly bookish approach. He spends most of the time trying to finish books, coaching materials, and thousands of PDFs he collected from the internet.
However, the approach of candidate ‘B’ is different.
Candidate ‘B’ feels that not just ‘knowledge’ but also ‘exam-skills’ are equally important to succeed in the UPSC Civil Services Exam. He too refers quality text-books, however, he thinks bigger and follows a TTT approach – integrating Text-books, Test series, and Techniques. He starts his IAS preparation by solving model question papers of the IAS exam – in a time-bound manner with negative marking. He joins a quality mock test series and makes test-taking a regular part of his preparation. He gets an early understanding of the requirements of the UPSC exam, type of questions asked, and the priority areas from which questions are repeated.
Considering that there are only limited vacancies, who do you think has better chances to succeed in the IAS exam – Candidate ‘A’ who followed a ‘text-book’ based approach OR Candidate ‘B’ who followed a ‘test-series’ based approach?
Clearly, Candidate B has a higher chance of success!
Because candidate B is better equipped to solve the UPSC questions.
Since candidate B has practised model questions in an exam-simulated environment with timer and negative marking, he is highly adapted to the UPSC exam requirements. When he sees questions in actual UPSC exam, he will not panic. He even might feel many questions in the exam similar to the question he practised earlier. That is not the case with Candidate A!
The shift from Text-based learning to Test-based learning!
The text-book based approach is the traditional method of preparation. Now, most smart aspirants prefer the test-based learning approach – as that is more efficient and exam-focussed.
The ClearIAS Test-based learning does not mean a full-stop to Text-Books.
In fact, ClearIAS has always suggested a ‘TTT approach‘ – which is a mix of Text-Books, Test-series, and Techniques.
What I am intending to say in this article is to change the way you learn. Don’t limit your learning to just text-books. Include practise in your preparation right from the early days.
Can you learn swimming by just reading a book?
No! You need proper practice in water to be a good swimmer.
The same principle is true with respect to succeeding in exams.
Exam-skills are equally important as knowledge to clear the IAS exam. You won’t get it from textbooks. You need proper practice to get it!
That’s why ClearIAS suggest exam-oriented approach!
What is ClearIAS Test-based approach to clear IAS?
By ClearIAS Test-based approach, we mean integrating learning with test-taking in an innovative manner as we did in ClearIAS mock exam platform.
In ClearIAS Test-based approach you learn by taking mock exams.
ClearIAS Prelims Test Series covers text-books and techniques – the two ‘T’s in the TTT approach.
By practising 4000 model questions in these 40 mock exams, you cover the most probable questions for UPSC Prelims.
This method is faster and efficient than conventional learning!
Think in the reverse direction
What is the formula to succeed in a highly competitive exam like UPSC Civil Services Exam (CSE)?
If you ask me, I would suggest you think in the reverse direction.
Imagine that you are sitting in the exam hall.
How many questions should you correctly answer to succeed in the exam?
My answer – 70 questions out of 100 questions.
This idea makes the whole process easy and simple.
You just need to get 70 questions correct to be clear the cut-off. You can go wrong in 30 questions. Even after deducting the negative marks for 30 questions, you will end up in net 120 marks – which is well above the cut-off score in the last 5 years.
How to get 70 questions correct in UPSC CSE Prelims?
Practice maximum questions provided by ClearIAS.
Don’t you think that if you practice 4000 questions in ClearIAS Prelims Online Mock Test Series, you get 40-50 questions directly or indirectly from the same? You may get even more. No text-book can guarantee such a Return on Investment (ROI)!
Now, apart from ClearIAS Prelims Test Series and UPSC Previous Year Re-Take Exams, we also release two types of high-utility PDFs (ebooks).
- ClearIAS Current Affairs Capsules (CCC) – Monthly MCQs PDF (Red)
- ClearIAS Most Probable Prelims Questions (CMPPQ) – Daily MCQs PDF (Green)
These PDF sets are available for download from ClearIAS Learning App.
You can learn about 3000 additional MCQs from CCC and CMPPQ sets – which further increase your chance of getting 70 questions correct.


Getting old means fighting a war you’ll never win. Our bodies already battle for us every day, against bacteria and viruses, mutant cells, harmful chemicals and the slow rush of time itself. But as we age, our bodies begin to slow down — all the way down to the level of the cell. This slowdown means the threat of multiple chronic diseases circles, vulture-like, ever closer.
Research into the complex causes of these diseases has been a staple of medicine for decades. Scientists have figured out many of the pathways and mechanisms by which they harm our bodies. They’ve created new and better treatments. But definitive cures remain distant.
Now a new field of research is hinting that there might be a better way to solve the maladies of aging, one that holds the promise of addressing not just one disease, but all of them. The key, some scientists think, is something that happens to the body's cells when they are damaged or rendered defective.
When cells are hurt beyond repair, they can enter a protective state known as senescence, in which they cease dividing. At the same time, the cell begins a preprogrammed self-destruct sequence, a process known as apoptosis. This selfless act prevents injured or cancerous cells from spreading, containing damage within our bodies.
But in some cases, these damaged cells refuse to resign themselves to their fate, persisting zombielike in our tissues. And these zombie cells can begin to harm other cells around them, something researchers are beginning to link to some of the fundamental issues caused by aging. As we get older, senescent cells begin to build up in greater amounts in our bodies, though scientists still aren’t sure why.
“It’s very hard to kill [senescent cells],” says James Kirkland, a Mayo Clinic researcher who specializes in cellular senescence. “If you grow them under conditions that would kill a normal cell … they’ll survive and sometimes survive for years under those conditions.”
Targeting Senescent Cells
Senescent cells aren’t always bad for us. Senescence is a fundamentally protective action, occurring when a cell realizes it is too damaged to continue dividing and therefore curtails its growth. For instance, a cell might go senescent because it’s developed a cancerous mutation that might lead it to begin dividing uncontrollably and form a tumor. Damaged cells caused by wounds can enter senescence as well — in this case it’s a cry for help from the body.
But these senescent cells also begin leaching out a harmful brew of proteins and other compounds that can damage cells around them, leading to inflammation and eventually cell death. When a senescent cell resists apoptosis, the damage is allowed to continue, a festering wound embedded deep in our tissues. Scientists now think that this friendly fire might be a contributor to conditions ranging from arthritis to diabetes to cardiovascular disease.
Early studies have shown that removing senescent cells from tissues might help treat some diseases associated with aging — preliminary evidence that senolytic treatments could help us combat old age. But drugs that kill senesced cells must be precisely targeted. Indiscriminate treatments might kill healthy cells, too.
In 2004, inspired by research that showed various treatments extending the life of mice also cleared senescent cells from their bodies, Kirkland began searching for ways to target senescent cells for removal in humans. The work paid off in 2015, when he and his colleagues published a paper in the journal Aging Cell showing that two already available drugs were capable of selectively removing senescent cells from human tissues. They called the compounds senolytics.
The Quest for Anti-Aging Compounds
The two senolytic compounds Kirkland and his team identified are called dasatinib and quercetin. Dasatinib was previously developed as a cancer drug and is approved for use in humans, and quercetin is found naturally in some fruits and vegetables. Kirkland’s team found that each one targeted multiple cellular pathways that keep senescent cells alive. The two drugs together stymied their survival tactics.
“We found there were senescent cells that wouldn't respond to dasatinib or quercetin, but when we combined the two, we would kill them,” he says. A study in mice, from 2017, looked at the compounds’ effects on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a fatal disease characterized by lung scarring. Mice with a version of the disease that received dasatinib and quercetin saw their condition improve after treatment, indicating that clearing senescent cells might be a viable treatment.
The evidence was also strong enough for Kirkland's team to move into clinical trials with humans. In a 2019 study, Kirkland gave a small group of diabetic kidney patients both compounds for three days. Follow-ups indicated that the number of senescent cells in their bodies had been reduced, a key step in moving the drugs toward FDA approval. Next, they’ll have to explicitly prove that the drugs directly kill senescent cells, as well as show that the drugs helped improve the patients’ conditions.
A 2015 study found another compound, navitoclax, was also effective in clearing senescent cells from mice that had been exposed to harmful levels of radiation. The treatment also helped replenish stem cells that had gone senescent, something study author Daohong Zhou was particularly excited by.
“Not only do you get rid of the bad cells, you also promote healthy stem cell expansion to regenerate normal cell tissues,” says Zhou, a professor at the University of Florida’s College of Pharmacy. “So that’s almost like the fountain of youth … you may be able to rejuvenate your aged stem cells ... and they can generate normal healthy cells to repopulate the tissues.”
Other studies currently in the works are looking at conditions as varied as Alzheimer’s, osteoporosis and macular degeneration, as well as examining survivors of childhood cancer, who carry large loads of senescent cells as a result of chemotherapy treatments.
A Cure-All for Aging?
The ultimate promise of senolytics drugs is that of a panacea, a cure-all for the ills of aging. But the compounds are likely years away from FDA approval. The studies that have so far been completed are preliminary, and larger trials are needed to replicate Kirkland's results, and to prove that dasatinib and quercetin are actually responsible for killing senescent cells. Because so little is known, Kirkland emphasizes that senolytic drugs should not be taken by patients yet.
“What we spend a lot of time doing is telling people absolutely not to take these drugs, and physicians not to prescribe them,” Kirkland says, adding that the possibility of dangerous side effects haunts him. “I think anything that sounds too good to be true probably is. I think we’re going to find side effects along the way, but I don't know what they are.”
One of the biggest issues when testing anti-aging drugs is the sheer amount of time it takes to find out if they work. Tests in mice, which breed and grow quickly, might take months or years. In humans, the test of a single drug to fight aging would take decades. Study participants would need to commit to the work for a significant part of their lives, and scientists would need to ensure funding doesn’t dry up.
“You really need to study people over a huge amount of time to know whether the drugs work, if they work in everybody, and whether they have side effects on some people and not in others,” says John Morley, a geriatrician at St. Louis University.
But the allure of curing, or even just easing, the ills associated with aging is strong. What makes senolytics so promising is they might move us beyond treating symptoms — memory problems, joint aches and pains, greater susceptibility to diseases — and begin addressing fundamental causes.
“I’m a clinical geriatrician,” Kirkland says. “I’m sick of prescribing better wheelchairs, walkers and incontinence devices. I’d like to do something fundamental that could slow down these processes and maybe even partially reverse them in older people.”
It’s an opportunity to move beyond addressing the symptoms of aging, and what could be a fundamental shift in the field of geriatric medicine. Instead of putting bandages over the ravages of time, we might begin treating the problem at its very roots.


Why do I feel so awful when my blood glucose is high? When the blood glucose is high, many people feel unwell. Here are the most common symptoms, and the reasons for them:
TIRED. Your cells need glucose for energy, and the glucose is not getting to them. In fact, your cells are starving and cannot work efficiently. This makes you tired.
INCREASED URINATION. All blood is filtered by the kidney. If there is excess glucose in the blood, this also goes to the kidneys. The kidneys can RE-ABSORB and recycle normal amounts of glucose, as the body does not want to lose it in the urine. However, when the glucose is too high, it can exceed the kidneys' ability to re-absorb it. The excess glucose then goes out in the urine, literally dragging water with it. This means that more urine is produced, and you have to urinate more often.
THIRST. The increased urination caused by blood glucose dehydrates you. Your body perceives the need for extra fluid, making you feel thirsty. Excess glucose in the saliva may also contribute.
WEIGHT LOSS. This directly results from the loss of glucose in the urine. Keep in mind, glucose is a sugar, and represents calories to the body. Losing glucose in the urine means losing calories in the urine. This is like eating a piece of bread and having some of the calories from it lost in the urine. You are not using all the calories in your diet and - as you effectively starve - weight is lost. Furthermore, uncontrolled (high) glucose boosts the metabolic rate, making it easier to lose weight. This might sound like a good thing, and it might be, if the weight lost was only lost as fat. Unfortunately, muscle is lost as well, and you can feel quite unwell and weak as this goes on.
CHANGE IN VISION. This is directly due to a physical change in the shape of the lens of the eye. When the glucose in the blood goes up, extra glucose gets into the lens of the eye. When this happens, water again follows it (very similar to the water following the glucose as it passes through the kidney). When extra water enters the lens, it alters the shape of it. The lens loses its ability to focus light for the eye, which you perceive as blurred vision. This is often a most annoying symptom to the newly diagnosed diabetic person, and it must be emphasized that any visual change that occurs with high blood sugars is TEMPORARY, i.e., it corrects with correction of the glucose. However, this takes time, and it may be as long as 6-8 weeks after glucose has been corrected that vision returns to its baseline, and stays there. Prescription eyeglasses should not be prescribed when the glucose level is high, or changing.
MOODINESS. The brain does not like an environment of high glucoses, and moodiness is a very common symptom of high sugars. DECREASED ABILITY TO CONCENTRATE is also common for the same reason.
MUSCLE CRAMPS. As discussed under weight loss, muscle mass is lost when glucoses are uncontrolled. There is some tissue breakdown, and there is considerable loss of "electrolytes". These are salts that are present in all tissues of the body, and are abundant in muscle. When they are lost, the muscle becomes very prone to a cramping pain.
NUMBNESS OR TINGLING OF THE HANDS OR FEET. As the glucose goes up, more of it passes into the nerve tissue. This radically alters the electrolytes (salts, see above) in the nerves, as well as changing many other functions, and even structures of molecules (protein and enzyme) in the nerve. When the nerve is so affected, it gives false messages to the brain, and this is perceived as numbness, tingling, or even pain.
YEAST INFECTION. Yeast live well in the environment of the vagina. If the blood glucose is high, more glucose is available in the vagina as well, and the yeast organisms like it even more. One or two yeast organisms will multiply, causing a significant, uncomfortable infection. This initiates a vicious circle where high glucose makes the yeast grow better, and the yeast infection (like any other infection) makes the glucose higher, which worsens the infection, and so on. Generally, one must treat both the high glucose and the infection before both will improve. Yeast infections can also occur under the foreskin of the penis, by a similar mechanism.
The most common symptom of high blood sugars is to have no symptoms at all! This is why there are so many people walking around with diabetes without knowing it - they have no symptoms.


Pakistani women 30 percent more likely to be blind than men
Rockville, Md. -- The odds of a woman in Pakistan being blind are 30 percent higher than for a Pakistani man according to a new survey published in the November 2006 issue of Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (IOVS).
Researchers from the Pakistan Institute of Community Ophthalmology in Peshawar, Pakistan, and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in England conducted a survey of 16,600 adults 30 years of age of older. The study examined several factors in measuring the prevalence of blindness in Pakistan, the sixth most populous country in the world. These included age and socioeconomic indicators including education and household occupation.
The study showed that the prevalence of blindness was higher in women in every age category surveyed except those aged 30 to 39 years. After adjusting for age differences in the study sample, the odds of a woman being blind were 30 percent higher than for a man. The researchers theorize that lower utilization of eye care services as the result of barriers specific to women may explain this disparity.
In addition, the regions of Punjab and Balochistan were shown to have the highest incidence of blindness of Pakistan's four provinces. Of study participants 70 years or older, 76.9 percent were visually impaired. It is estimated that there are 1.14 million blind adults in Pakistan.
"This large population-based study, one of the few nationally representative studies worldwide, has reported the burden of blindness and visual impairment in this country and, most importantly, has revealed important gender and geographical differences," said Rupert Bourne, BSC, FRCOpth, MD, collaborating survey ophthalmologist from the International Centre for Eye Health, London, England. "Knowledge of these groups who are at risk and the barriers to uptake of eyecare should enable more effective and equitable targeting of resources. Data from the survey predicts an increase of blind individuals by 92 percent by the year 2020, which further emphasizes the importance of urgently improving the standard of eye care in this country."
Read this article online at http://www.iovs.org/cgi/content/fuhttp://4749.
IOVS is published by the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). For more information, logon to www.IOVS.org.
ARVO is a membership organization of more than 11,500 eye and vision researchers from over 70 countries. Established in 1928, the Association encourages and assists its members and others in research, training, publication and dissemination of knowledge in vision and ophthalmology. ARVO's headquarters are located in Rockville, Md. For more information about ARVO, logon to www.arvo.org.
Last reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 21 Feb 2009
Published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.


For the first time, scientists have detected a giant neuron wrapped around the entire circumference of a mouse's brain, and it's so densely connected across both hemispheres, it could finally explain the origins of consciousness.
Using a new imaging technique, the team detected the giant neuron emanating from one of the best-connected regions in the brain, and say it could be coordinating signals from different areas to create conscious thought.
This recently discovered neuron is one of three that have been detected for the first time in a mammal's brain, and the new imaging technique could help us figure out if similar structures have gone undetected in our own brains for centuries.
At a recent meeting of the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies initiative in Maryland, a team from the Allen Institute for Brain Science described how all three neurons stretch across both hemispheres of the brain, but the largest one wraps around the organ's circumference like a "crown of thorns".
You can see them highlighted in the image at the top of the page.
Lead researcher Christof Koch told Sara Reardon at Nature that they've never seen neurons extend so far across both regions of the brain before.
Oddly enough, all three giant neurons happen to emanate from a part of the brain that's shown intriguing connections to human consciousness in the past - the claustrum, a thin sheet of grey matter that could be the most connected structure in the entire brain, based on volume.
This relatively small region is hidden between the inner surface of the neocortex in the centre of the brain, and communicates with almost all regions of cortex to achieve many higher cognitive functions such as language, long-term planning, and advanced sensory tasks such as seeing and hearing.
"Advanced brain-imaging techniques that look at the white matter fibres coursing to and from the claustrum reveal that it is a neural Grand Central Station," Koch wrote for Scientific American back in 2014. "Almost every region of the cortex sends fibres to the claustrum."
The claustrum is so densely connected to several crucial areas in the brain that Francis Crick of DNA double helix fame referred to it a "conductor of consciousness" in a 2005 paper co-written with Koch.
They suggested that it connects all of our external and internal perceptions together into a single unifying experience, like a conductor synchronises an orchestra, and strange medical cases in the past few years have only made their case stronger.
Back in 2014, a 54-year-old woman checked into the George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates in Washington, DC, for epilepsy treatment.
This involved gently probing various regions of her brain with electrodes to narrow down the potential source of her epileptic seizures, but when the team started stimulating the woman's claustrum, they found they could effectively 'switch' her consciousness off and on again.
"When the team zapped the area with high frequency electrical impulses, the woman lost consciousness. She stopped reading and stared blankly into space, she didn't respond to auditory or visual commands and her breathing slowed.
As soon as the stimulation stopped, she immediately regained consciousness with no memory of the event. The same thing happened every time the area was stimulated during two days of experiments."
According to Koch, who was not involved in the study, this kind of abrupt and specific 'stopping and starting' of consciousness had never been seen before.
Another experiment in 2015 examined the effects of claustrum lesions on the consciousness of 171 combat veterans with traumatic brain injuries.
They found that claustrum damage was associated with the duration, but not frequency, of loss of consciousness, suggesting that it could play an important role in the switching on and off of conscious thought, but another region could be involved in maintaining it.
And now Koch and his team have discovered extensive neurons in mouse brains emanating from this mysterious region.
In order to map neurons, researchers usually have to inject individual nerve cells with a dye, cut the brain into thin sections, and then trace the neuron's path by hand.
It's a surprisingly rudimentary technique for a neuroscientist to have to perform, and given that they have to destroy the brain in the process, it's not one that can be done regularly on human organs.
Koch and his team wanted to come up with a technique that was less invasive, and engineered mice that could have specific genes in their claustrum neurons activated by a specific drug.
"When the researchers fed the mice a small amount of the drug, only a handful of neurons received enough of it to switch on these genes," Reardon reports for Nature.
"That resulted in production of a green fluorescent protein that spread throughout the entire neuron. The team then took 10,000 cross-sectional images of the mouse brain, and used a computer program to create a 3D reconstruction of just three glowing cells."
We should keep in mind that just because these new giant neurons are connected to the claustrum doesn't mean that Koch's hypothesis about consciousness is correct - we're a long way from proving that yet.
It's also important to note that these neurons have only been detected in mice so far, and the research has yet to be published in a peer-reviewed journal, so we need to wait for further confirmation before we can really delve into what this discovery could mean for humans.
But the discovery is an intriguing piece of the puzzle that could help up make sense of this crucial, but enigmatic region of the brain, and how it could relate to the human experience of conscious thought.
The research was presented at the 15 February meeting of the Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies initiative in Bethesda, Maryland.


THE GROUNDLESS GLOBAL WARMING FACTS
Climatic change may be the slow development of the earth’s environment for a price that would seem modify the weather within the planet. The argument in this particular occurrence has had heated up arguments related to its lifestyle and the reason behind the drawback. A lot of researchers state that heightened amount of carbon dioxide result in climatic change. But, a lot of environmentalists debate that the latter does not have a distressing effects on temps. The fact is that, analysts lay out statements, that they disagree immediately after completing deeper homework. Thus, new investigate by other analysts offers a serious different view on your problem of global warming.data analysis thesis proposal sample This included with all the reported results of climatic change have unjustifiable specifics.
The reality all around the difficulty of climate change proved baseless not long ago. For quit some time, investigators talked of your uninterrupted surge in the hot and cold temperature thresholds in the surroundings becoming on account of fractional co2 develop while in the mood. Latest experiments by other analysts are different with the last discoveries because it shows that the co2 fails to impact the temperatures inside the air flow. There is a maximum that power of the natural gas can heat the earth but further than that grade, the planet only cools. In such cases, the power of co2 lowers to this sort of values, which is unable to impact the atmospheric temperature.
It is true the carbon dioxide takes up warmth and displays it returning to direct sunlight by means of radiations. Nevertheless, experts report that temperature were within the decline for the past 1 ten years. Consequently, fractional co2 level with the environment will never be the genuine cause of global warming. In actual fact, we have seen a period with the atmospheric conditions in that well over 11 thousands of long ago, the globe professional scorching climatic types of conditions. It seems that the pattern repeats again as most recently climate increased from .4 to .8 levels. Besides, current study features that this atmospheric temperature conditions may perhaps lower to achieve the ice your age. In accordance with investigate presented by BBC in 2013, universal might not be a difficulty as a result of humankind, but a occurrence which has genuine descent.
Because of this, on the list of claimed effects of climatic change is improved concentration of sea storms. These come up nearly all working day with a bit of causing devastating results within the ecosystem. Consultants from all of the professions of weather believed the 2006-2007 seasons would go through critical hard storms worldwide.In spite of this, this rarely transpired which extra destabilized the reality about climate change. Customers patiently waited with wide requirements instead the weather conditions cooled for the whole months. The estimated extreme hurricanes did not occur despite the particularly long anticipations. Basically, this available an opportunity to refute the worldwide warming sensation.


A transplantation procedure to treat multiple sclerosis using a patient's own stem cells has shown impressive results
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disorder in which myelin, the protective sheath around nerve fibres, begins to get degraded. Progressive inflammation and scarring results in permanent nerve damage which can eventually lead to severe disability. While there has been progress in controlling the disease, no cure currently exists.
Patients in a groundbreaking trial held at Sheffield's Royal Hallamshire Hospital in the UK, have received autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplants. This procedure involves destruction of the patient's faulty immune system, before repopulating it with the individual's own stem cells isolated from the blood. These cells have not yet developed the hallmarks of MS, and so can 'reset' the immune system.
"The immune system is being reset or rebooted back to a time point before it caused MS"
The study is a part of MIST, an international trial on the procedure as a prospective MS treatment. So far individual claims have been extremely encouraging, with one patient progressing from struggling to feed himself to standing without aid after 4 months. The astonishing results have also been repeated by other patients in the trial.
While it's not yet clear whether the procedure is 'permanent', it offers a welcome change to conventional treatment for the disorder. The process of destroying the immune system is unfortunately unpleasant due to an intense round of chemotherapy, but many MS patients experience far worse in everyday life so the treatment is likely desirable.
The treatment costs around £30,000 per patient, which is comparable to a year's drug costs. Because the process cannot be patented, there has been difficulty in persuading companies to get involved. Although results are very promising so far, and certainly can make a big individual impact, we need more data to establish how long the results last, and exactly who is suitable.
"Ongoing research suggests stem cell treatments such as HSCT could offer hope, and it's clear that in the cases highlighted by Panorama they've had a life-changing impact. However, trials have found that while HSCT may be able to stabilise or improve disability in some people with MS it may not be effective for all types of the condition"
Read more at BBC News


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Bunús na Gaeilge - Basic Irish Language
There is no other way to revive Irish than for a crowd of people to spread it.
- Douglas Hyde
On these pages, we will make a valiant effort to provide you with useful words and phrases. One of our subscribers, Aideen, grew up speaking Irish at her mother's knee. She has generously agreed to help us with our lessons. We have put her comments and pronunciations in green.
Note: The spellings and pronunciations used by Aideen are based in her own natural use of Connemara Irish but they have been kept simple, so as to be readily understood in any part of Ireland where there are differences in the language.
For example, the word 'feicfidh' is used only in Connemara Irish; in Leinster, Ulster and Munster the word is 'cífidh'. There are two pronunciations; Leinster/Munster - kee-fee; Ulster - chee-fee.
The biggest problem for people whose native language is English is that the soft 't' and 'd' are in the Irish language, but not in the English language; it's difficult to 'reproduce' them in writing in English. Where I use 'th' and 'dh' here, they are best achieved by putting your tongue gently behind your front upper teeth."
Click here for our words & phrases Index.
Lesson 55: Common Ailments and Illness
It's still the season for colds and coughs in our part of the world, so our lesson this time focuses on Easláinte agus Tinneas Coitianta - Common Ailments and Illness.
Phrase: Common Ailments and Illness
Irish: Easláinte agus Tinneas Coitianta
Pronunciation: ah-slaw-intcheh ah-gus tchin-ess kuh-tchee-un-thah
Irish: losainn chasachta
Pronunciation: lohs-in khahs-ukth-thah
Word: High Temperature/fever
Irish: teocht árd/fiabhras
Pronunciation: chokhth awrdh/feev-rahs
Irish: cógas leighis
Pronunciation: koh-gahs lyesh
Irish: víoras (note: this is very rare use of the letter 'v' in Irish)
Irish: samhnas goile
Pronunciation: sow-nahs gwell-eh
Irish: tinneas cinn
Pronunciation: tchin-ess keen
Irish: bángnéitheach (note: this is very rare instance where a slender vowel follows a broad one after a consonant)
Pronunciation: gow (as in cow)- awl-ukh
Word: Chemist (Pharmacist)
Irish: taespúnóg (note: this is very rare instance where a broad vowel follows a slender one after a consonant)
Phrase: Chicken soup
Irish: anraith sicín
Pronunciation: ahn-reh shik-een
Phrase: You should wrap up warm and drink plenty of fluids
Irish: Ba chóir duit tú féin a chlúdach go maith agus raidhse leachtaí a shlógadh siar
Pronunciation: bah khoh-ir dhitch thoo hayh ah khloo-dhukh guh mye ah-gus rye-sheh lahk-thee ah khloh-gah sheer
Phrase: I'm feeling under the weather (out of sorts)
Irish: Tá meathlaíocht éigin orm
Pronunciation: thaw mah-lee-ukth ay-gin (hard 'g') urm
Phrase: I can't stop sneezing
Irish: Nílim i ndan cúl ar chur ar an sraoth
Pronunciation: nee-lim ih non kool ah khur err on sree
Phrase: This cough syrup tastes terrible
Irish: Tá blas uafásach ar an sioroip casachta seo
Pronunciation: thaw blahs oo-faws-ukh err on syrup kahs-ukth-thah shuh
Phrase: She's slightly feverish
Irish: Tá beagán teasa uirthi
Pronunciation: thaw bih-ug-awn tchahs-ah ir-hee
Phrase: We really ought to call in a doctor
Irish: Ba chóir dúinn fios a chur ar dhochtúir
Pronunciation: bah khoh-ir dhoo-in fiss ah khur err gukh-thoo-ir (hard 'g')
Phrase: You'll have to stay home from school
Irish: Caithfidh tú fanach sa mbaile ón scoil
Pronunciation: kah-hee thoo fahn-ukth sah mahl-yeh ohn skwell
Phrase: I have to call in sick
Irish: Ní mór dom scéal a chur isteach go bhfuilim tinn
Pronunciation: nee mohr dhum shkayl ah khur is-ti-okh guh will-im tchinn
Phrase: I'm all stuffed up (congested)
Irish: Tá brúnn ar a chéile inim
Pronunciation: thaw broon err ah khay-leh in-im
Phrase: Take your medicine - it will make you feel better
Irish: Gabháil an cógas leighis agus tiocfaigh feabhas ort
Pronunciation: gow (as in cow) - aw-il on koh-gahs lyesh ah-gus chuck-ee fi-ow-us urth
Phrase: This cold has gone down into my chest
Irish: Tá an slaghdan seo tar éis imirce im ucht
Pronunciation: thaw on slye-dhawn shuh thahr aysh im-ir-keh im ukth
Phrase: You must stay in bed for a couple of days
Irish: Ní mór dhuit fanacht sa leaba le haghaidh cúpla lá
Pronunciation: nee mohr gwitch fahn-ahkhth sah li-ahpag leh hye coop-ah law
Phrase: The worst is over
Irish: Tá an chuid is measa thart
Pronunciation: thaw on kwidj is mahs-ah hahrth
Phrase: I'm feeling much better
Irish: Tá biseach mór orm
Pronunciation: thaw bish-ukh mohr urm
Note: This caught our eye. Yes, we know it isn't gaeilge, but it is fascinating. If nothing else, it is certainly language (and Irish language as well.)
by Bernard Share
...for all 'decent skins', 'crawthumpers', horse-protestants', 'hard chaws' and 'strong farmers'...a dictionary of Irish slang that's as amusing as it is informative.
Click here for Slanguage
For More Basic Irish please click here: Irish Index
Image: Gaeilge Beo from All Posters and Prints.
Thu, Jul 9, 2015
Bitesize Irish Gaelic
Start learning on line with a free trial!
Why Learn Irish with Bitesize Irish Gaelic?
Eoin is a native Irish speaker who you can listen to in the online lessons.
Sasa has helped develop the lessons from the perspective of a complete beginner.
Audrey has created conversation lessons to get you speaking Irish.
And last but certainly not least, they are proud of the Irish language and want more people to speak it.
Affordable, fun and effective - To learn more, Click Bitesize Irish
by Noel Mogonagle
This book is excellent for beginners who are wanting a book that gives basic grammar without all the extra information that confuses beginners. The book is well laid out, with information very easy to find. Amazon Reviewer
Here is a good follow-on to our words and phrases.
Click for Irish Grammar.
Irish - English
English - Irish
Note: We have yet to see a dictionary with phonetic pronunciations for each word. We suspect this is partly due to the variations. Providing for all four 'green fields' (Connacht, Leinster, Ulster and Munster), would be cumbersome at best. Still, someone may do it some day. Until then, these are all very good and recommended. Serious students will have more than one; they are inexpensive.
These two (either or both) are the handy-references needed to go with a good grammar or 'teach yourself' course.
We would need both (and some other help) if found wandering in a Gaeltacht late at night.
Amazon has an offer of either one combined with a grammar for a reduced price.
Click for Collins Gem
Click for Oxford Pocket.
As a total beginner in Irish, this has taught me quite a few words. The illustrations are beautifully done, and best of all, each word is given a rough English spelling of its pronunciation. Edited from an amazon review.
Click here for Kid's Irish Dictionary.
While I wouldn't recommend you use many of these phrases, this is a terribly funny book. I picked it up after leafing through it at the store and finding phrases about sheep and inns and the hazards of driving in Ireland without insurance. Each little section starts out innocuously enough, then quickly degenerates into truly funny comments. If you like Monty Python or BlackAdder, this will really make you laugh. If you liked the Father Ted tv show, this little book will make you keel over giggling. Ah, go on, ya eejit, buy it already! Amazon Reviewer
(We want this, you may see a few on these pages - watch out).
Click for Wicked Irish
An easy-to-use program for learning on your own, or can be used as supplemental material for your classes. These new editions have been thoroughly revised and updated to include the engaging dialogues and helpful exercises you have come to expect from the Teach Yourself series.
Click for Teach Yourself
The Best Irish Course Available! Three years ago I decided to learn Irish, and in the next two years I bought three different courses. The first two were simply useless, (that's the obvious reason for my buying new courses) you could learn some phrases, but not construct sentences yourself. Learning Irish, on the other hand, is an excellent book, which gives you a thorough vocabulary and grammatical knowledge. It consists of 36 lessons, all containing vocabularies, grammar instructions, texts and excercises. Amazon Reviewer.
Click for Learning irish


How do the foragers respond to masting?Submitted by editor on 17 February 2017.Get the paper!
Masting is the synchronous production of large seed crops across individuals within a plant population, and is thought to have evolved (at least in part) as a mechanism to escape seed predators. How does this work? Theory predicts that superabundant, synchronous seed output during masting events decreases the risk of seed predator attack to individual plants. However, the degree of seed escape depends on the manner in which seed predators respond to resource abundance, measured as the rate of seed attack in relation to seed availability or functional response. Unfortunately, the functional responses of seed predators associated with masting tree species are poorly understood, but are presumably contingent upon seed predator traits such as mobility and foraging behaviour, as well as plant traits controlling the magnitude of seed output and synchrony.
Here we investigate and compare the functional responses of different groups of seed predators (birds, rodents and insects) recruiting to Quercus suber and Q. canariensis, two co-occurring oak species in southern Spain.
We found that the studied groups of seed predators responded similarly to seed availability for both oak species, with attack decreasing at a similar rate with increasing seed output. The fact that functional responses were relatively invariant suggests that tree and seed predator species trait variation do not fundamentally alter the nature (strength) of these interactions and therefore the expected benefits of masting via seed escape.