1) In the Christmas story where did Mary and Joseph seek shelter? (p49)
d. strangers home
2) How did the wise men find Mary and Joseph? (p49)
b. Word of mouth
c. Joseph told them where
September 18, 2016
1) Which relgions Golden Rule state Hurt not others in ways that you yourself would find hurtful?
2) What is Catoir referring to when he says inner year
Running Head: RELIGION?
What is Religion?
What is Religion?
During the past seven weeks, I have made an attempt to understand religion as a whole.
Through reading, study, independent research, viewing related vid
What are some of the physically challenging aspects of religion,
especially in Buddhist practices? In your experience, what are some
physically challenging aspects of religious practice? Have you ever been
changed by a physical discipline? (Feel free to i
So as you see that a religion doesnt have to conform to any exact set of rules.
Most people are used to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam which are all very similar
with the design and remember they all had the same Father. East civilization did
REL 101 / Religion and Human Experience
Week #6 / Drop-Box Assignment #2
Page 1 of 7
Which religious group claims the faith Christianity?
Question 1 options:
All of the above.
Questions from page 95:
Why are the Hindus so accepting of the religions of other people? This is a
remotely simple concept. Braham (the Hindu version of god) is all. Hindus
believe that all religious authority or religious prophets are further manifestat
How does the caste system tie into karma? In other words, what is the relationship
between karma, caste and reincarnation?
The karma system is very complex. In simplistic terms if we are good in life and find
alignment with Atman we will be reincarnated
Q: What are the elements that tie Jews, Christians and Muslims together?
What theological differences are there between these great religious traditions?
There are so many elements which tie the three religions together. A child might say, they are exactl
Big Five Test Results
Emotional Stability | 78%
Accommodation | 50%
The Big Five is currently the most accepted personality model in the scientific community.
The Big Five emerged from the work of
Practitioners of Judaism focus on the significance of teaching and following their
religion, historically the same, one generation after the other. Judaism teaches
that Yahweh is god, Yahweh created all and Yahweh punishes. When the Jews
were divided, the
First, are nice Hindus Christian? What is missing from the students answers?
No, nice Hindus are not Christians. They are nice Hindus. Hinduism is a religion
encompasses by a diversity of traditions and laws which direct and guide the concept of f
Most people, during trying times are tempted to ask "why do bad things happen
to good people." The key points discussed here are that bad things, or pain and
suffering eventually will lead to good or better things. This is not easily
ANCIENT EGYPT RESEARCH QUIZ WORKSHEET
[Note: each article or resource may or may not directly address each essay question.]
1. Using Catoir (Chapter 2) and the Parrinder, Donadoni, and Moreman articles (available in
the content section), list two or three
In ancient Egyptian society, the dead was mummified and placed in a tomb.
Where, inside the tomb, was the body placed?
Question 1 options:
in a public viewing area, monitored my pr
Joe is definitely a religious man. In Joe's belief, 'Ed' is his god or deity. His belief in Ed makes this
a religion for Joe. He has key elements of practice in place, a belief in a designated higher power,
and he believes in the higher power
20 Han China
call you a bird or a beast? Yet you possess a human face.
What a fate to be born with such base qualities! “1‘
As the crisis of the peasant economy deepened and signs
of social and political malaise appeared for all to see, three
kinds of rea
ZEN BUDDHISM IS STILL, I think, relatively little understood in the West. It is
also true, however, that recently many Westerners have shown an increasing
interest in Zen, an interest that has been greatly stimulated by the late
'l‘I-H}: SPREAD or 13,115 GHOST PESTWM,
IN THE SEVENTH Mt'n\="r1t of 840, thcjapancsc pllgrxm Enmn (7‘)3~864)
mach; his; way southwest From Mount" \X/unthi (in present—day Shansi)
toward the "limp; Ctlpttal ol‘Ch'angmm. l‘lIS Journal entry
En the Ascetic
Linda Klepinger Keenan
At the end of the seventh century there lived in the mountains of central Japan a
man named En no Ozunu, who came to be known as En no Gyoja. The word
groin means “one who performs religious practices“ it was use
THE FOUNDING OF MOUNT KOYA
The Founding of Mount Koya and Kukai's
George J. Tanabe,Jr.
Mount Koya, the headquarters of the Shingon sect, is one of the most beautiful
of the monastic complexes in Japan. Situated high in the mountains
8 CHAPTER I
Shugena'é. The more purely Japanese forms of Buddhism were generally
to discard this interest during their development in the Kamakura period,
but it was initially an important meeting point and offered Buddhism a
natural entrée into Japanes
“at. .“.v‘_._._a.‘.~.‘-.~.r.m.-i-. maﬁa-
136 CHAPTER 11
the leadership of Rennyo quickly moved in to fill the void, in company
with the Zen sect that appealed to many of the former samurai followers
of Ippen. During the Tokugawa period the national syste
Mmbm‘m as ﬂlk
(4 :5 :4 It is the purpose of this chapter to discuss
Nembutsu belief and practices among the Japanese people
from ancient times to the present day. We ﬁnd in Nem-
butsu some of the main characteristics of pop
PART II THE DEVELOPMENT AND ELABORATION OF JAPANESE RELIGION
The Buddhist sects founded during the Kamakura period constitute the
dominant lines of Buddhist institutions down to the present day. In this setting
Shinto tended to be overshadowed by Buddh
72 THE BUDDHIST TRADITION
“For gods and men. far and wide, he has; Opened the gate
(if ifnfﬁt’itaiity‘ Of ihé mic": Wilt‘ﬁi 01‘ (Emma ti}; spoiges an:
pure pi'cccpts, thc axie is \V’Ciifﬂiﬁfﬂiitﬂ meditatiim, i363 fail.
indestmctibic wisdom. and the hub, w
54 THE BUDDHIST TRADITION
welfare of the world; but what I have done has been done
that men may conform to Righteousness.
All the good deeds that I have done have been accepted
and followed by the people. And so obedience to mother. and


- 4:55 PM
Albert Hofmann, the pioneering Swiss chemist and advocate of psychedelics who discovered the hallucinogenic properties of LSD, died Tuesday. He was 102.
Hofmann reportedly died of a heart attack at his home in Basel, Switzerland.
Hofmann’s most famous discovery happened on April 16, 1943. He was researching the synthesis of a lysergic acid compound, LSD-25, when he inadvertently absorbed a bit through his fingertips. Intrigued by the effect it had on his perception, Hofmann decided further exploration was warranted. Three days later, on April 19, he ingested 250 micrograms of LSD, embarking on the first full-fledged acid trip. That day became known among LSD fans as “bicycle day” because Hofmann began experiencing the drug’s intense effects on his bicycle trip home from the lab.
In his autobiography, LSD, My Problem Child, Hofmann remembered his discovery this way:
“In a dreamlike state, with eyes closed (I found the daylight to be unpleasantly glaring), I perceived an uninterrupted stream of fantastic pictures, extraordinary shapes with intense, kaleidoscopic play of colors. After some two hours this condition faded away.”
The experience led Hofmann to begin experimenting with other hallucinogens and he became an advocate of their use, in both the arenas of psychoanalysis and personal growth. He was critical of LSD’s casual use by the counterculture during the ’60s, accusing rank amateurs of hijacking the drug he still refers to as
“medicine for the soul” without understanding either its positive or negative effects.
In a celebration of Hofmann’s 100th birthday in 2006, Hofmann told the crowd of well-wishers — which included 2,000 researchers, scientists, artists and historians — that “LSD wanted to tell me something. It gave me an inner joy, an open mindedness, a gratefulness, open eyes and an internal sensitivity for the miracles of creation.”
Hofmann was also the first scientist to synthesize psilocybin, the active ingredient in psilocybin mushrooms, in 1958.
[Via BoingBoing and the Telegraph]
Blogger Reference Link http://www.p2pfoundation.net/Multi-Dimensional_Science


With an estimated global prevalence rate of 1405 per 100,000 individuals, alcohol use disorder (AUD) represents the most common substance use disorder and places a significant burden on health care worldwide. Globally, harmful alcohol consumption and its associated comorbidities account for more than 3 million deaths (5.3% of all deaths) per year [1
] and over 5% of all disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) [2
]. Analyzing the current situation in Austria, data show that with an estimated prevalence of 1795 per 100,000 population, the burden of this disease exceeds the global average (1405 per 100,000) [1
]. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported 48% of all alcohol-related deaths to be attributable to liver cirrhosis in 2016, making it the most common cause of death among more than 200 known diseases associated with alcohol consumption. Besides its frequency within the population of patients suffering from AUD, liver cirrhosis as the final stage of alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) is also of particular importance [3
] as the already high frequency of ARLD among all liver diseases has been reported to be increasing for Europe and Central Asia [3
]. Currently, the only curative treatment option available for decompensated liver cirrhosis is liver transplant (LTX) [3
]. In Europe, about 7300 LTX were performed in 2017, 50% of which were necessitated due to cases of decompensated liver cirrhosis—up to 19% (n
= 693) of those 50% attributable to AUD [6
However, the actual determination of key epidemiologic figures, such as prevalence and mortality, is limited by several challenges: AUD is still associated with a high level of stigma within many societies [7
]. This uncertainty not only impedes the evaluation in prevalence studies but also in clinical screening situations. Since, in contrast to diseases with distinct and objectively observable symptoms, the diagnostic criteria for AUD are almost exclusively based on self-disclosed information on behavior [11
] and stigma-associated denial or understatement of drinking behavior is likely to occur. Furthermore, stigma associated with AUD may also reduce individuals’ willingness to seek treatment or medical advice. These factors are likely to cause an underestimation of the prevalence when health care data are used to determine the prevalence of AUD [12
] and thus confound not only epidemiologic data of AUD itself but also those of secondary and associated diseases of harmful alcohol use, such as alcohol-related liver diseases (ARLD). Therefore, available epidemiologic data regarding AUD need to be interpreted with caution.
This paper aims to discuss different epidemiologic models estimating the prevalence of AUD and ARLD for a specific country or region, using Austria as an example, to further increase our understanding of epidemiologic data and to fully understand the scope of this disorder as well as associated secondary diseases. In addition, strengths and limitations of each model will be considered, and calculated numbers will be compared to national liver transplantation (LTX) data, with the latter being the sole relevant treatment option in patients suffering from ALRD.
One of the most widely used models for estimating the rate of alcohol-dependent individuals in a specific population is the Jellinek formula. Already established in the late 1940s, this model estimates the prevalence of AUD based on population data regarding liver cirrhosis [14
]. The following parameters are included in the model: P
, indicating the share of liver cirrhosis attributable to alcohol abuse. D
, specifying the death rate due to liver cirrhosis (whether caused by alcohol abuse or not). K
, the death rate due to alcohol induced liver cirrhosis within the population of alcohol-dependent individuals. R
, the ratio of all alcohol-dependent individuals to those with alcohol associated diseases. Using this formula, these quantities approximate A
, the prevalence of AUD within a specific population. The Jellinek formula
can be used to estimate the prevalence of AUD within the population aged ≥15 (A), where
share of liver cirrhosis attributable to alcohol abuse;
death rate due to liver cirrhosis whether caused by alcohol abuse or not;
death rate of alcohol-dependent individuals deceased due to alcohol-induced liver cirrhosis;
ratio of all alcohol-dependent individuals to those with alcohol-associated diseases.
Jellinek had assumed K, R
to be constant over time, whereas D
was assumed to be the changeable and determining variable within this model. When applying this model to the most recent numbers in Austria—1304 deaths due to liver cirrhosis for a total population of 7,509,129 individuals in 2017 [15
]—the model estimates an alcohol-dependent rate of 4.87% of the total population aged over 15 years.
However, several aspects of this model have been criticized [14
], leading to decreased use in recent literature:
First, the assumption of handling the variables K, R
as constant across time and independent of the geographic regions observed is subject of ongoing discussion and there have been attempts to adjust those variables for effects of time and region. Importantly, these ‘constants’ (K, R
) exhibit high rates of variance: For example, the value of P
, the share of liver cirrhosis attributable to alcohol abuse, had initially been determined to equal 50% by Jellinek. In contrast, the percentage postulated in previous literature varies from 29% up to 58%—depending on region/country as well as time point [18
]. Furthermore, for the variable K
, the ratio of alcohol-dependent individuals to alcohol-dependent individuals with medical complications, values ranges from 4 to 5.3 in the literature [16
Second, with K, R
being treated as constants, D
(the general liver cirrhosis death rate) is the primary influencing dimension in this model. However, this parameter itself is of limited reliability. While using data from the official national cause of death register—as in the previous example—may seem reasonable, it may also represent a source of bias: In the Austrian cause of death register, only one immediate cause of death may be coded, but, as a multitude of acute and chronic medical conditions associated with alcohol abuse may be present, this may promote inaccuracies and lead to an underrepresentation of deaths due to liver cirrhosis in the national register. Instead, death may be attributed to other, secondary but acute manifestations of gastrointestinal complications (e.g., esophageal varices bleeding) or infections (e.g., spontaneous bacterial peritonitis). Furthermore, previous literature has suggested that (alcoholic) liver cirrhosis may remain undetected in many cases, as this chronic disease has the trait to be asymptomatic for a prolonged period of time [20
In order to adjust for the above-mentioned inaccuracies of the utilized variables of the Jellinek formula, the authors aimed to recalculate the model using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) [3
] which estimated 1860 deaths due to liver cirrhosis for 2017. This recalculation would then equate to a rate of alcohol-dependents within the population of 6.94% of all individuals aged over 15 years in Austria. When also adjusting P
, as discussed in the preceding paragraphs, we predict a prevalence rate ranging from 4.1 up to 10.1% (Table 1
Estimates of the prevalence of alcohol-dependent individuals within the Austrian population aged ≥15 years (A) by the Jellinek formula according to data provided from Statistik Austria as well as the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) and displays the change in outcome parameters when data from GBD is adjusted for previously published data on either/or/and R/P
Statistik Austria 2017
GBD 2017 1 (adjusted R1)
GBD 2017 2 (adjusted R1 and P2)
GBD 2017 3 (adjusted P3)
The prevalence of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to alcohol use in Austria is estimated to be as high as 122,054 affected individuals in 2017. Recent data on the clinical course of alcoholic liver cirrhosis [20
] report a 1-year mortality of 17% to 56%—depending on the clinical constitution of the patient at time of diagnosis. When applying this data on the abovementioned prevalence number, we yield a range of 20,749 to 68,350 deaths per year due to ARLD. However, within the official Austrian death registry, only 582 deaths due to ARLD were reported for 2018 [15
], and the GBD study [2
] estimated a number of only 877 deaths due to ARLD for 2017.
Independent of the exact rate of prevalence or mortality, LTX undisputedly remains the only curative approach for advanced liver cirrhosis. When evaluating the most recent data on LTXs (not limited to a specific etiology), 182 transplantations (including living-donor transplantation) were conducted in Austria in 2018 [13
], associated with a steadily increasing rate of LTXs, starting in 2010 and continuing until 2018. This increase is in stark contrast to all other rates of organ transplantations in Austria, where data on the recent incidence correspond to the roughly constant rates of transplantations in recent years. By the end of the year 2018, 87 individuals were on the waiting list for a liver transplant (45 in Vienna, 23 in Graz and 18 in Innsbruck). Of all individuals actively listed for a LTX between 2013 and 2018 in Austria (n
= 1314), 66% could be provided with a new organ, 9% of the individuals deceased while on the list and the remaining 25% were either still waiting for transplantation, or their status changed due to worsening or improvement of their health status or personal choice. With 1.7 months on average until transplantation, the time on the waiting list for a liver transplant is the shortest compared to the duration on the waiting lists of all other organ transplants. However, also the average time until passing for individuals actively listed is the shortest (1.6 months on average) in comparison to waiting lists for other organ transplantations.
The actual prevalence of AUD and its secondary liver diseases is challenging to assess, despite several profoundly different approaches being employed. One typical approach is to use data of health surveys [22
]. The most recent surveys report a total prevalence of 5% for the Austrian population aged 15 years or older (7.5% for males and 2.5% for females). In total numbers, this adds up to 365,000 individuals in Austria suffering from AUD. This approach, however, is limited by (1) selection bias, potentially leading to an underrepresentation of alcohol abusing individuals and those with increased consumption patterns in so-called representative study collectives, (2) conscious underreporting, and—in rare cases—also overreporting, of alcohol consumption and (3) inaccuracies in retrospective assessments of alcohol consumption—not necessarily by intent, but also due to the seemingly trivial nature or perceived insignificance of alcohol consumption in our daily lives [23
Another major limitation of this approach is that, although providing a good overview of the average alcohol consumption of a population, neither does this data allow to infer a pattern of alcohol consumption on an individual level nor the frequency of AUD. This limitation is also valid for other approaches: estimating the prevalence by evaluating economic data, such as production/sales/import and export data regarding alcoholic beverages. While for countries with regulatory standards stipulating the publication of these data, such data may be seen as reliable and, thus, may be used in an effort to compensate for the limitations of health-survey-based approaches, this may not be true for all countries equally. In conclusion, estimations based on factors available on an individual level seem to be the most suitable, even though these approaches exhibit limitations as well.
In this paper, the Jellinek formula, as the most used approach to compensate for lack of valid data, was recalculated by the authors yielding results for the prevalence of AUD (4.87%) in line with the official report of the Austrian National Public Health Institute (Gesundheit Österreich GmbH) [23
]. Furthermore, aiming to correct for previously discussed and criticized assumptions and inaccuracies Jelinek’s formula is based on, the authors adjusted the model according to different scenarios suggested in previous literature [14
]. These modified models produced results ranging from 4.1 up to 10.1%, depending on data sources and epidemiologic assumptions (Table 1
The authors are fully aware that, due to the inherent limitations of the estimation of AUD prevalence rates derived from liver cirrhosis mortality data, the absolute calculated numbers should be treated with caution. However, the advantages of this approach over alternative ones have previously been mentioned in this paper. Furthermore, the intention of this model is not to provide an exact rate of prevalence, but rather to infer an estimate of the extent of this disease and the epidemiologic trends over time. In the national report on alcohol, Uhl et al. asserted a decreasing trend for the prevalence rate of AUD—among other reasons, also based on models applying the Jellinek formula [23
]. In light of the mentioned limitations, it seems reasonable to ascribe this decline rather to progress made in the treatment and/or prevention of ARLD, the main parameter of this model, than an actual decline of the prevalence of AUD. A further limitation of the estimation of AUD is the use of estimated epidemiologic data—in the present case—data from the GBD study. In such studies, mortality and disease burden are often related exclusively to a specific disease and may therefore be overestimated. While one specific condition (e.g., AUD) may be of relevance, it is but one factor among many others responsible for the observed health status within the observed population [25
When reviewing the relevant data regarding LTXs in Austria, it should be noted that the number of yearly transplantations has steadily increased—from around 150 in 2016 to more than 180 in 2018 [13
]. However, the share of liver transplantations due to alcoholic liver cirrhosis amounted to only 22.98% (37 out of 161) of all LTXs conducted in 2017. While this is higher than the reported ratio of 19% observed across Europe for the time period of 1968 to 2016 [6
], this has to been interpreted in context to the number of deaths in Austria caused by alcoholic liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to alcohol use in the same year ranging from 582 [15
] to 877 [2
Thus, using cautious and conservative estimations, data suggest that only a minority of 4% to 6% of the ARLD patients in need actually receive a new liver. Concurrently, our conservative estimations signify that the overwhelming majority (94–96%) of patients in need do not have access to this life-saving treatment. This massive gap between demand and supply appears even more alarming when considering a significant number of deaths due to alcoholic liver cirrhosis may be unreported [24
]. In addition, there are distinct regional differences in the availability and access to LTXs, which is not surprising when considering that highly specialized surgical centers are essential for these procedures. These structural differences may also be the reason for a drastic discrepancy in the number of conducted LTXs per population per region: 11.4 per million population per year for Lower Austria and 11.6 for Vienna versus 25.7 and 30.1 in Salzburg and Tyrol, respectively [13
]. However, this difference may also further aggravate the general problem of undersupply with the only available curative treatment for (alcohol-induced) liver cirrhosis in specific regions.
In contrast to the most other indications for LTX, selection criteria for patients suffering of ARLD eligible to receive a transplant are vehemently discussed [26
]. This is also due to the still widespread but obsolete concept of AUD being a self-inflicted condition rather than a disease worthy of treatment [31
]. However, due to the fact of the scarcity of organs, this treatment option is only available for a select group of patients. Careful consideration of ethical and public health aspects are essential within this process [32
]. Unfortunately, the evidence for unequivocally selection criteria is rather limited. For example, the often proclaimed 6‑month sobriety interval pretransplantation, which is used very frequently across multiple transplant centers, is arbitrary and not based on clinical evidence [33
]. Although there is a small minority relapsing among those receiving a new liver, it is doubted that alcohol consumption behavior and sobriety duration prior to LTX is in any way associated with the overall outcome, i.e. patients’ survival [31
]. Even for patients suffering from alcoholic hepatitis or acute-on-chronic liver failure, no decrease in survival rate was found when compared to a control group of patients transplanted due to any other indication than ARLD [35
]. A further aspect, in regard to organ allocation, is that the often-vague policies vary from country to country. Whereas in, for example, Germany, the comparatively detailed guidelines (“Richtlinie gemäß § 16 Abs. 1 S. 1 Nrn. 2 u. 5 TPG für die Wartelistenführung und Organvermittlung zur Lebertransplantation”) do not only provide specific criteria for allocation of donor organs (e.g., 6‑month abstinence rule for LTXs due to alcoholic liver cirrhosis) but also specify the role and constitution of boards for every transplant center and an additional nation-wide additional panel of experts for exceptional cases, the situation is less clear in other countries within the European region (e.g., Austria), where exact legislative guidelines regarding transplantation allocation or a transplantation board are often lacking and each transplantation center is obliged to define allocation criteria by itself (“Verfahrensanweisung nach §10 OTPG”).
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.


Alison’s House, the last produced play by Glaspell, was first presented at the Civic Repertory Theater in New York City on December 1, 1930. The production, produced and directed by Le Galliene, ran for forty-one performances and won for Glaspell the 1931 Pulitzer Prize in drama—a decision that outraged some critics who disliked her play and thought it too literary.
Alison’s House concerns a noted fictional poet, Alison Stanhope, who has been dead for eighteen years when the curtain rises. Her poetry, published after her death, has brought her posthumous fame. The play begins on December 31, 1899, in the library of the Stanhope estate. John Stanhope, Alison’s brother, is selling the property, and there is much confusion as family members gather to say goodbye and pick up keepsakes. One of the recently arrived relations is Elsa, Alison’s niece and John’s daughter, who had scandalized the family some years earlier by running off with a married man. A Chicago newspaper reporter, Ted Knowles, has also come to do a story on Alison; he is curious to know if all Alison’s poetry has been published.
Slowly, the dark secret buried inside the house comes to life. Alison’s family has withheld some of her poetry. Agatha, Alison’s spinster sister and close friend, decides to burn down the mansion to destroy the papers and bury the secret. Failed in her attempt, she gives Elsa the unpublished poetry and dies shortly after...
(The entire section is 452 words.)


Preliminary data are presented on the physical properties and the mineralogy of the material in denticle caps of chitons. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the denticle material indicate the presence of magnetite, or possibly maghemite. This is the first indication that magnetite or possibly maghemite is precipitated by a biologic agent in sea water. Hence, the origin of magnetite reported in recent and fossil marine deposits will have to be re-examined. The hardness of the denticle material (Ca. 6 on the Mohs scale) explains why chitons are effective erosional agents of rock surfaces, particularly of limestone. From the biologic point of view the possibility is considered that the magnetic properties of the denticle caps may serve as a guidance system for the so-called homing instinct of chitons.


- Heart Failure Management
- Cardiac Catheterization
- Valve Repair or Replacement
- Coronary Angioplasty Atherectomy and Stent
- Balloon Angioplasty
- Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
- Heart Attack
- Congenital Heart Defects
- Cardiac Rehabilitation
- Heart Disease
- Coronary Arteriography
- Aortic Repair Open or Repair of Arterial Aneurysm Open
- Automatic Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ICD Implantation
- Heart Transplantation
- Open Heart Valvuloplasty of Mitral Valve Without Replacement With Robotic Assistance
- Valve Repair or Replacement Aortic Mitral Tricuspid and Pulmonary
- Mitral valve surgery - open
- Open heart surgery
Before your surgery you will receive general anesthesia.
You will be asleep and pain-free.
There are several different ways to perform minimally invasive mitral valve surgery.
- Your heart surgeon may make a 2-inch to 3-inch-long cut in the right part of your chest near the sternum (breastbone). Muscles in the area will be divided. This lets the surgeon reach the heart. A small cut is made in the left side of your heart so the surgeon can repair or replace the mitral valve.
- In endoscopic surgery, your surgeon makes 1 to 4 small holes in your chest. Surgery is done through the cuts using a camera and special surgical tools. For robotically-assisted valve surgery, the surgeon makes 2 to 4 tiny cuts in your chest. The cuts are about 1/2 to 3/4 inches each. The surgeon uses a special computer to control robotic arms during the surgery. A 3D view of the heart and mitral valve are displayed on a computer in the operating room.
You will need a heart-lung machine for these types of surgery. You will be connected to this device through small cuts in the groin or on the chest.
If your surgeon can repair your mitral valve, you may have:
- Ring annuloplasty. The surgeon tightens the valve by sewing a ring of metal, cloth, or tissue around the valve.
- Valve repair. The surgeon trims, shapes, or rebuilds one or both of the flaps that open and close the valve.
You will need a new valve if there is too much damage to your mitral valve. This is called replacement surgery. Your surgeon may remove some or all of your mitral valve and sew a new one into place. There are two main types of new valves:
- Mechanical, made of man-made materials, such as titanium and carbon. These valves last the longest. You will need to take blood-thinning medicine, such as warfarin (Coumadin), for the rest of your life.
- Biological, made of human or animal tissue. These valves last 10 to 15 years or longer, but you will probably not need to take blood thinners for life.
The surgery may take 2 to 4 hours.
This surgery can sometimes be done through a groin artery, with no cuts on your chest. The doctor sends a catheter (flexible tube) with a balloon attached on the end. The balloon inflates to stretch the opening of the valve. This procedure is called percutaneous valvuloplasty and done for a blocked mitral valve
A new procedure involves placing a catheter though an artery in the groin and clipping the valve to prevent the valve from leaking.


When it comes to fitness, Americans may not be stepping up -- enough.
In the quest to log a recommended 10,000 steps a day, Americans trail other countries in daily walking, according to a recent University of Tennessee study. Australia and Switzerland lead the pack with adults taking 9,695 and 9,650 daily steps, respectively, while the U.S. comes in with just 5,117 steps.
So let’s not wait until the new year to start making the effort. A pedometer (and not even a fancy one) is about the only equipment needed to track your progress and start your own 10,000-step-a-day habit, writes the Exercists blog of the Baltimore Sun.
How far is 10,000 steps? Almost five miles with an average stride, according to the Walking Site. The website, which offers tips on how to work your way up to a 10,000-step day, reports that a sedentary person may average only 1,000 to 3,000 steps a day and that adding 500 daily steps per week is the smart way to arrive at the goal.
Once you are up to speed, buy a ticket to Australia or Switzerland and show off.


Understanding the United States Census Results
The United States Census, which the government uses to gather information every four years, provides valuable information on important topics, such as how many people are living in the country and the population’s age range, education level, and poverty statistics. The census is an important part of understanding the people of the country and has been so for over a hundred years. But each time they take the census, they fine-tune some things to gather more accurate information about what they want to know. Here are some important things to keep in mind if you’re looking into the newest census results.
Nationwide statistics are not always applicable to your area
Nationwide statistics are just that — nationwide. It’s an average of every area across America, and the Census Bureau takes steps to ensure that it’s a representative sample across the country. That means that while there are important things the nationwide statistics can show, it might not apply to your state, city, or neighborhood. There are always different percentages of people across different areas, and looking at nationwide statistics on race, gender, age, economic status, or anything else is probably a little bit off compared to the reality in your area. Look deeper and delve into statistics that are about your area in particular! The United States Census does collect information on all cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more, so you can get information specific to your area.
Using all of the statistics together will give you much better information than cherry-picking
A common issue people run into when they start trying to interpret the results of any study is focusing too hard on one aspect of the study. Any study worth its salt has multiple testing paradigms, and you have to pay attention to all of them to get an accurate sense of the information. Rather than looking at the median household income, for example, it’s important to note other things surrounding the income level. For example, the poverty percentage and the per capita income level can help give you a fuller understanding of poverty and wealth in the United States. If you want to get an even more accurate picture, you can into other surveys to find information on wealth distribution and how the decision to use the median number might paint a skewed picture of household income. This will ensure that you understand the statistics well.
Look at the way statistics change over time
An extremely helpful practice you’re trying to interpret the current census results is to look at previous censuses. How has the poverty percentage changed? Is the population growth speeding up or slowing down? Is there a different distribution of people amongst age ranges, or is it staying mostly the same? These are only a few of the questions that you can answer by looking into previous censuses. Other people also study these changes, so you might be able to compare other people’s analysis of the same topic, but you have to look at it yourself to truly understand it.
The United States Census is a great way to get a general picture of the United States population. Because the Bureau collects information every four years, it’s also helpful for understanding the way things change over time, and with the invention of the internet, everyone can access the results easily. It’s useful for gathering wide-reaching information, but one thing it’s not great for is finding information on individual people. For that, you need to use PeopleFinders.
PeopleFinders can give you more information on people than any publicly-available census information could. You can use the background check feature to get a complete picture of someone or use the criminal records search to find a detailed criminal history for an individual. You can also use the people search to find anyone you’re looking for with no hassles. It’s a great tool to find anyone, whether you’re tracking down your biological family, getting information on a date, or even seeing what you can find out about the people in your neighborhood.
If you want overarching information about the population of the United States, especially when it comes to demographic and economic statistics, the United States Census is a great resource. But if you’re looking for something a little more specific to individual people, you need to look at PeopleFinders instead.
Categorized in: People Data


Created by Ryan Scott Patton.
Want to join the conversation?
- At2:28, why is the event called a threat before it's assessed through primary appraisal? It could come out to be irrelevant.(2 votes)
- How do I cite this video?(1 vote)
- You could cite it as (in MLA8)
“What Is Stress.” Performance by Ryan Scott Patton, https://www.khanacademy.org/test-prep/mcat/processing-the-environment/stress/v/what-is-stress.(1 vote)
- "Stress arises less from actual events and more from our assessment of those events."
Where exactly did Richard Lazarus say this? A book or article?(1 vote)
- [Instructor] Although I enjoy cats, I must say that I'm really more of a dog person. A couple years ago, or I guess one year ago now, my wife got me a puppy dog for my birthday, and she got me a little beagle. His name is Hank. And like most beagles, my puppy dog, Hank, loves to chase bunny rabbits, but it's not so much a friendly game of chase that he's playing with this bunny rabbit. Hank is actually pretty intent on swallowing the bunny rabbit whole as soon as he catches it. So you might say that in this picture this bunny is experiencing a little bit of stress, and in doing so, we'd be using that word to describe a threat or a challenge. However, we might also say that the bunny is stressed. And now we're talking about the bunny's response. So psychologists try to clarify this really slippery definition by calling the threatening, or challenging event, which in this case is the eminent clamping down of my puppy dog's teeth, the stressor, so stressor. So my puppy dog's teeth are the stressor. The subsequent physical and emotional response would be the stress reaction. So in this case, we're talking about the bunny's response, that physical and emotional response to the stressor. So this whole scene then is what a psychologist might call stress. So then stress isn't really just a stimulus or a response. Rather, it's kind of the process by which we appraise and we cope with the environmental threats and challenges. So we're appraising the stressor, and then our stress reaction is our coping with the environmental threat, or the challenge. So based off this definition of stress, a pretty famous psychologist named Richard Lazarus, he determined that stress arises less from actual events and more from our assessment of those events. The word he used to describe that assessment was our appraisal. Then describing this appraisal, he suggested that there were really two stages to the cognitive appraisal of stress. So you have primary appraisal. Primary appraisal is the initial evaluation that focuses on the threat in the present situation, so your appraisal of what's going on right now, what threat I'm experiencing right now, and there are three categories of response to this primary appraisal. For instance, one response might be that whatever this perceived threat is is really irrelevant to me. Maybe it doesn't matter at all. That's kind of what irrelevant means, just that I see this threat, but it's not affecting me. I'm not in danger at all. I don't find this to be particularly important, so it's irrelevant. Another response, even better than an irrelevant response, might be a benign or a positive response. So benign or positive. Maybe this threat, maybe for example, a bird sees a dinosaur stomping through the forest, but that dinosaur is actually kind of a positive threat because it's about to take out one of the bird's enemies. So we might have a benign or a positive response to this stress. The last kind of major category of response would be that this event is actually stressful. In this case, we're finding that stressor to be potentially harmfuler, or challenging, or threatening. So if you look back over to this example here, if I'm the rabbit in this picture, my appraisal of this situation is dinging like crazy that this is in the stressful category. So if this primary appraisal is negative, we move forward with the second appraisal. So the secondary appraisal involves the evaluation of the individual's ability to cope with the situation. So the individual that's perceiving the stressor, what is their material preparedness to deal with that stressor? So you have a further appraisal of harm. What that's saying is what damage has already been caused? So if you're this rabbit, no damage has been caused yet, but gosh, that beagle puppy is nipping at your heels. So that brings us to the second category of secondary appraisal. That's an appraisal of the threat. So what future damage could be caused? In this case, if you're that rabbit, lots of damage could be caused. For instance, my entire leg meat might be pierced by some sharp as heck puppy dog teeth here in just a couple of seconds. So that threat is quite high. The third category of secondary appraisal, the third further assessment is of the challenge. That describes how can the situation be overcome or conquered. If I'm that rabbit, I'm thinking I can run like the dickens and try to make it back to my little rabbit hutch. And so this is a pretty straightforward concept for most of the animal world. There's a stressor, and then a stress reaction, and a stressor, and a stress reaction. And it goes and so on. But for humans, it's a little bit different because as humans we have this higher level of cognitive functioning than the other animals in the world. We have this seemingly unique ability to not only respond to stressors, so not only have a stress reaction, but also to anticipate stressors. That makes the whole triggering and the duration and the response to stress really a little more interesting, and those are the topics that we're gonna cover as we explore the psychology of stress in the next videos.


The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel was named after the childhood dog of King Charles II of Britain. The small dogs are affectionate, intelligent and devoted. The breed is considered to be a toy in size. The dog's height ranges from 12 to 13 inches when fully grown. Its weight averages from 13 to 18 lbs. Through history, the breed has been used when shooting small game but, nowadays, this type of dog is predominately a simple companion.
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel has a coat that is easy to manage. It requires no clipping or cutting. The coat rarely suffers from mats or snarls. The breed requires a once a week brushing. The breed does shed in the fall and spring. Brushing requirements during shedding may loosen the hair more and lead it to fall out. The dogs should not be bathed more then once a week or they can suffer from dry hair and skin. Many Cavalier King Charles Spaniels suffer tear stains under their eyes. This is a characteristic of the breed that often cannot be avoided. Many solutions are sold at pet stores that remove tear stains. The breed comes in four distinct colors–Blenheim (chestnut and white), tricolor (black, white, and tan), ruby (solid red) and black with tan.
One of the endearing characteristics of the breed is its love of humans. The dogs adore being held and stroked. According to the American Kennel Club, their laid-back, gentle, sweet and loving temperament makes them excellent therapy dogs.
The American Kennel Club considers the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel to be an ideal and trustworthy children's companion. Their personality is non-aggressive. The breed is commonly shown in the obedience ring and is considered naturally suited for agility competition.
The breed has been favored as a lap dog throughout history. They are one of the most widely painted dog breeds. Many notables in the Renaissance period, especially among European nobility and royal families, owned the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. King Charles II adored his little dogs so much that he made a decree in Britain that allowed dogs entry into any public place, including Parliament. The decree is still in effect today for the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel in Britain.


Our team designs and evaluates the innovative use of cyberlearning technologies in STEM instructional settings, with the goal of developing and identifying tools and strategies that lead to highly resourced students and teachers. We are a highly collaborative team that works across disciplines and institutions to partner with research institutions and places of learning. A particular focus is helping North Carolina K-12 schools develop the next generation of STEM workers and learners.
Eric Wiebe, a professor of STEM education in the NC State College of Education and senior faculty fellow at the Friday Institute for Educational Innovation, is part of a new National Science Foundation (NSF) research initiative that will create and utilize artificial intelligence (AI) tools to advance learning and education.
EdNC highlights the Friday Institute for their monthly feature, the NC STEM ScoreCard, which builds broader awareness of how P-20 STEM education is being nurtured across North Carolina.
During AERA's annual conference, researchers from NC State University and the University of Colorado, Boulder, highlighted two pilot programs to use computational thinking to enhance standard science units.


Black Capped Lory
- Size: 12 inches
- Lifespan: 20-25 years
- Bird Species: Lory
- Colors: Red; Blue, Black & Green details
- Sounds: Vocal, Loud and noisy natural calls, Talker, Chatterer, Mimic
- Interaction: Social, Energetic, Playful, Fun, Smart, Cuddly
- Comparable Breeds: Dusky Lory, Hawk-Headed Parrot
Black Capped Lory General Info
We’re ready to bet that you haven’t seen a bird as extravagant and unique as the Black Capped Lory. With an astonishing display of bold and exotic colors and an intelligent and fun personality to boot, these tropical parrots have been rising in popularity with each year. They might require a little bit more patience than some of the more common pet parrots, but with a little bit of getting used to, you will quickly get attached to your rare and colorful pet. You can expect to get a loyal and affectionate companion in return for your care and effort.
One of New Guinea’s most colorful species, the plumage of the Black Capped Lory is definitely one of a kind.
These interesting birds originate from New Guinea. The densest populations are found in the Western parts and on the nearby smaller islands as well. They are thriving in the island’s primary forests as well as the surrounding woodlands. They are most often seen in small flocks of 10 birds and are always near fresh water sources and food in the rainforest. During their breeding season, the individual pairs separate from the group to nest and raise their young.
Most lories share a lot of physical similarities, but they are all different and unique when it comes to the colorations. You can easily spot a lory by their stocky build, prominent chest and nape, unique curved beak and the iconic black stripe around the eyes. Adult Black Capped lories can reach an average length of 12 inches (31 centimeters) and can weigh up to ½ pound (260 grams). They are one of larger of medium-sized birds, and, as such, they will require a lot of room. Lories are smart and energetic and have a tendency to play, explore and goof around. So make sure they have the time to move about the house, as well.
Speech and Sounds
Black capped lories have a balanced level of noise, and with a little bit of patience, you’ll quickly get used to it. Even though their natural calls are loud, noisy and similar to a scream, they are not so frequent and won’t be a problem. On the other hand, these parrots can become quite the talkers with just a little training. They shouldn’t find it too difficult to learn quite a few basic phrases and mimic the common household sounds. In any case, keeping a pet lory in a flat might not be ideal- keep that in mind if you live in an apartment building.
Black Capped Lory is quite different than most other parrots you might come across. As you’ve might have noticed, it is all thanks to their intricate color combinations and strikingly fresh tones. The body is mostly bright red and this bold color is first to catch your eye. Starting from the eyes, the top of the head is black – a detail that gives them their name. Belly (and chest in some subspecies) is dark blue, getting lighter and eventually becoming very light, bright blue on the thighs and underneath the tail. The wings are green, while the nape and back are dark, purplish blue. This extraordinary combination of colors definitely leaves a long-lasting impression.
New Guinea is a place full of wonders and unique species. The strikingly colorful plumage of the Black Capped Lory is proof enough.
Care and Feeding
In the wild, the basis of their diet consists of fruits, pollen, insects, seeds, tree blossoms and sometimes even agricultural crops. This rich diet is best reproduced with a commercial seed or pellet based mix that is designed just for lories. They consist of nutritious foods such as oats, millet, sunflower, and other seeds. You should also add a regular dose of fresh fruits and green vegetables. Keep in mind that Black Capped lories like to chew on things and sharpen their powerful beaks. For this, you can get a cuttlebone or a natural, parrot-safe branch that will serve as both a perch and a chewing toy.
Health and Common Conditions
These robust and stocky parrots are strong and endure most common conditions with ease. Provided you prevent basic threats like too high or too low temperatures, drafty and damp places, but also neglect in the form of lack of social interaction, you will experience little to no troubles with your pet’s health. They have a healthy lifespan of 25 or more years, and they can become quite a dependable companion. This makes them a good choice for older people with the ability to look after their pet.
Lories are stocky and robustly built parrots. They’re generally healthy and adapt easily.
Personality & Behavior
Black Capped Lories are very smart and energetic birds. They become loyal companions and love to be handled by their owners. To satisfy their energetic and playful personality, make sure to allow for enough time for playing during the day. For other times, a good supply of parrot toys should be enough. Their affectionate nature and love of handling make them quite the cuddly parrot and a perfect choice for any owner who loves this. In general, their fun, smart, affectionate and often clownish nature makes them a loved pet worldwide.
Photo credit: Wang LiQiang/Shutterstock; seaonweb/Shutterstock; Marut Sayannikroth/Shutterstock


January: the beginning of both the calendar year and a new semester –a good time for reflecting on the past and setting new goals. If you are like many people, New Year’s is the time for making resolutions to improve the quality of your life. Do your resolutions include any of these goals?
- Get fit
- Lose weight
- Improve finances
- Reduce stress
According to USA.gov these are among the most popular resolutions made. The library has resources to help you meet your objectives. If this is the year for you to make some changes in the way you look and feel these books can help:
- Complete Guide to Fitness & Health / Barbara Bushman, editor
- Fitness for Dummies / Suzanne Schlosberg and Liz Neporent
- Fitness Illustrated / Brian Sharkey
- Nourish : Delicious Goodness for Every Stage of Life / Jane Clarke ; photography by Howard Sooley
- WeightWatchers New Complete Cookbook
- Why We Get Fat and What to do About It / Gary Taubes
- 1001 Low-carb Recipes: Hundreds of Delicious Recipes from Dinner to Dessert that Let You Live your Low-carb lifestyle and Never Look Back / Dana Carpender
Tomorrow: Improving finances and reducing stress.
Image from NBC33tv.com.


Bronze Age graves have been unearthed ahead of planned road construction in Melhus municipality in mid-Norway. These are some of the oldest burial sites ever discovered in the region.
Bronze Age graves are rare in Norway. Now 3000-year-old graves in good condition have been discovered in Trøndelag county.
Archaeologists from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology’s (NTNU) University Museum made the gravesite discovery at Sandbrauta in Melhus municipality. They’re working on the site in connection with the planned construction of the new E6 highway between the towns of Melhus and Ulsberg.
“We don’t often make a find like this,” says Project Manager Merete Moe Henriksen at the NTNU University Museum.
Three smaller stone chambers typical of the period lie to the side of a larger stone ring. The stone ring is part of a burial mound that contains numerous graves.
Local conditions have preserved the site remarkably well. Up to two metres of clay from a landslide covered the area. This mass of earth provides traces of a mudslide that may have taken place already in prehistoric times, perhaps just after people were laid in the graves.
Landowner had no clue
The clay settled like a lid over the graves, sealing the site and keeping it in good condition. This is a good farmland, but the ploughing activity hasn’t gone deep enough to disturb anything.
That 3000-year-old objects could be buried in his fields came as a big surprise to landower Oddvar Narve Langørgen. “I had no clue that anything like this was here. I couldn’t have dreamt it up, either,” he said.
Langørgen says there is good topsoil in the area, which might have offered good growing conditions for people who might have lived here at that time.
Found bones and charcoal
According to the museum, the find represents an invaluable source of knowledge of the Bronze Age’s burial traditions in central Norway.
“We found charcoal and burned bones in the graves,” says project manager Henriksen.
The custom seems to have been to burn the dead before they were laid in the graves. The remains may have been placed in some material that decomposed over the course of the 3000 years.
Archaeologists have known that there could be exciting discoveries here since 2014, when they conducted a pre-roadwork investigation in conjunction with the county’s cultural heritage council. They found signs of human activity from earlier times.
“It’s incredibly exciting,” said Anne-Lise Bratsberg, who is an advisor and project manager for Nye Veier AS (New Roads Ltd), which is responsible for planning, construction, operation and maintenance of major highways in Norway.
She says she feels awestruck by the find of graves that no one has seen in 3000 years.
Museum Director Reidar Andersen praises Nye Veier and commends the cooperation between the builders and the museum. Andersen hopes that some of the discoveries from the site will be exhibited at a later date. He believes the potential is great for an exhibit.
However, the area will become inexorably changed with the planned roadwork.
“Archaeology is a destructive science, after all. We have to dig to make discoveries,” Hanne Bryn says. She is the field leader for the excavations at Sandbrauta.
The way Bryn sees it is that no one has known about this place for the past 3000 years. Now they can at least map a site that contains valuable scientific finds.
Exciting rock slab
Close to the big burial mound, the museum found part of a rock slab with indented figures, shaped like bowl depressions and a foot. These are motifs that have been found on other rock carvings from this time, but the foot figure is distinct because, unlike most others, it is portrayed with toes rather than as a foot with a shoe on.
The archaeologists believe that the slab may have been part of a burial chamber in the mound.
So far, no finds have been made that would confirm the presence of a settlement at the site. Postholes could indicate this, but might also have been part of a structure connected to the graveyard.
A casting mould for bronze axe heads was found on the same site. The mould might have been deposited as grave goods, but might also show that casting of bronze objects took place in the region.
The mould may have been used to cast axe heads of the same type as were discovered at Hegra in Stjørdal municipality earlier this year. It’s conceivable that contact between Stjørdal and Melhus – 40 kilometres apart as the crow flies – might have existed in prehistoric times.
Both the carvings on the rock and on the mould suggest that the gravesite was probably used in the Late Nordic Bronze Age, between 1100 and 500 BCE.
This dating makes it the oldest burial site discovered to date in Melhus municipality, and also one of the oldest in central Norway. Several other interesting finds have been made nearby.
The information from the dig, combined with previous finds, allows archaeologists to form a picture of a region where people lived, worked and died over a long period of time.


Lacey, Wash.- Salmon exposed to toxic stormwater runoff can die in a matter of hours, and scientists are asking for Puget Sound area residents’ help in identifying affected streams to study the phenomenon.
Scientists from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Fish and Wildlife (USFWS) and Washington State University (WSU), collectively called the Puget Sound Stormwater Science Team (PSSST), have been studying the effects of stormwater runoff on Pacific salmon species for almost two decades. Working to narrow down the toxic chemicals that are likely responsible, the team is unveiling a new interactive website that lets citizen volunteers help map salmon deaths.
As urban growth and development continues in the Puget Sound region, scientists anticipate that the coho mortality syndrome will expand, and will have significant impacts on wild coho populations. This is where area residents come in- helping scientists identify the extent of the phenomenon, and continue to refine scientists’ understanding at the toxic chemicals at play in affected areas.
“Media coverage of our work last year inspired some members of the public to report observations of coho suffering from the syndrome,” said Jay Davis, environmental toxicologist with the USFWS. “We realized that residents of the Puget Sound region can provide important data to help us document affected watersheds. There are potentially thousands of toxic chemicals in stormwater runoff, and refining our understanding of where and when this phenomenon is occurring can help us narrow our focus and provide an important part to this puzzle.”
The PSSST-developed website includes interactive tools that allow users to view the Puget Sound basin and affected watersheds, and train them to identify coho salmon and report suspected coho mortality as citizen scientists. Although studies with other species are ongoing, initial evidence suggests that coho are particularly vulnerable to the syndrome.
Clearer picture of mortality
Coho returning to Puget Sound every autumn are an important food source for many animals, including endangered Southern Resident Killer Whales.
In a recently released draft report, the Southern Resident Killer Whale Task Force created by Washington Governor Inslee recognized the importance of stormwater as a source of pollution in Puget Sound, as well as the need to better understand the impacts of toxics on orcas and their salmon prey.
WSU researchers, led by Jen McIntyre, assistant professor at the WSU-run Washington Stormwater Center in Puyallup, have found that coho get sick and die within just a few hours of exposure to polluted stormwater.
“Urban runoff contains a soup of heavy metals and hydrocarbons that are highly toxic to fish,” said McIntyre. “Every coho that dies in our polluted urban watersheds before it gets a chance to spawn means less eggs, fewer fry, and fewer returning fish to feed hungry orcas.”
“With this new, interactive story map, citizens along the Puget Sound can help scientists confirm their latest predictions of where coho are in the most trouble,” said Nat Scholz, an ecotoxicologist with NOAA’s Northwest Fisheries Science Center in Seattle. “This will help us understand where green stormwater infrastructure and similar strategies to promote clean water and healthy habitats are most needed.”
While the new story map is aimed at coho, efforts to reduce toxic runoff to Puget Sound lakes, rivers, and marine waters will benefit other species as well.
Coho salmon are an important part of the culture, history, and economy of the Pacific Northwest. This iconic species is widely distributed in lowland watersheds that are vulnerable to ongoing and future development. The role of water pollution in the continued decline of coho populations remains poorly understood.
To learn more about how you can help, including identifying and reporting coho mortality, visit here.


If you are experiencing a difficulty remembering stuff, you should know that some prescribed meds, as well as over-the-counter ones, may be the underlying cause. Back in the past, doctors associated loss of memory and mental confusion with the aging process. Nevertheless, nowadays, scientists claim that aging does not necessarily have to be the case. This is because the brain has the capacity to form new cells and reshape their connections through life.
Other Causes of Memory Loss
- Alcohol and drug abuse
- Heavy smoking
- Excessive stress
- Sleep deprivation
- Insufficient amount of vitamin B12
- Some prescribed meds
The Worst Prescription Drugs
Sadly, prescription meds are known to cause approximately 100,000 deaths per year and more than 1.5 million patients are hospitalized due to adverse side effects from these medications.
They are prescribed for the regulation of the cholesterol levels, but they have been found to cause brain damage and loss of memory too.
When taken for a longer period of time, these meds can trigger loss of memory and even coma. They do not treat the underlying reason for the insomnia, but they just worsen one’s health. Ambien, a widely-used sleeping pill, has serious negative side effects like hallucination; sleep walking, night terrors, etc.
Antispasmodics, antidepressants, antibiotics, and other anti drugs influence the acetylcholine levels in our body; this is the major neurotransmitter crucial for the learning and memory. When its levels are not high enough, serious side effects like blurry vision, mental confusion, and loss of memory can occur.
20 Meds That Can Trigger Loss of Memory
According to a list made by the former vice chairman of the Department of Psychiatry, these are the 20 drugs that have been linked to memory loss:
• Antidepressants – Vivactil, Elavil, Anafranil, Norpramin, Pamelor, and Surmontil.
• Hypertension drugs
• Beta blockers
• Parkinson’s disease meds
• Epilepsy – Phenytoin and Dilantin
• Chemotherapy drugs
• Antibiotics (quinolones)
• Sleeping pills
Over-the-Counter Meds That Can Lead to Loss of Memory
• Tylenol PM
• Pepcid Ac
• Excedrin PM
• Advil PM


USDA Report Outlines Food Insecurity in America
Release No. 0391.11
Contact: USDA Office of Communications (202) 720-4623

Under Secretary Concannon Cites Important Role of Nutrition Assistance Programs as U.S. Economy Recovers from Recession

WASHINGTON, Sept. 7, 2011 -- USDA Food, Nutrition and Consumer Services Under Secretary Kevin Concannon today announced the results of USDA's Household Food Security in the United States, 2010 report that found that the percentage of very low food security declined from 5.7 percent of households in 2009 to 5.4 percent in 2010. The USDA study indicated that in 2010, 17.2 million households in America had difficulty providing enough food due to a lack of resources. The number of food insecure households in 2010 was relatively consistent with statistics released in 2008 and 2009.
"This report underscores the critical role that federal nutrition assistance programs play in helping struggling American families put food on the table until they can get back on their feet," said Concannon. "Many families receive assistance not because they want to, but because they need it as a last resort to make ends meet. As the economy continues to recover and jobs are created, we hope to see the number of families in need of nutrition assistance shrink."
The report released today indicates that 59 percent of all food-insecure households participated in one or more of the three largest nutrition assistance programs near the time of the survey.
In fiscal year 2010, these programs provided much needed food assistance to millions of individuals, children and families in need:
- In an average month of fiscal year 2010 (October 1, 2009 through September 30, 2010), the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provided benefits to 40.3 million people in the United States.
- In fiscal year 2010, the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) provided meals to an average of 31.6 million children each school day.
- In fiscal year 2010, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) served an average 9.2 million participants per month.
Food insecurity rates were substantially higher than the national average for households with incomes near or below the current federal poverty line ($22,350 for a family of four), households with children headed by single women or single men, and black and Hispanic households. Food insecurity was more common in large cities and rural areas than in suburban areas and other outlying areas around large cities. The media briefing kit can be obtained at http://www.ers.usda.gov/Features/HouseholdFoodSecurity2010/.
USDA's Food and Nutrition Service administers 15 nutrition assistance programs including the Summer Food Service Program; SNAP; NSLP; WIC; and the Emergency Food Assistance Program. Together these programs make up the federal nutrition safety net. USDA administers these programs in partnership with state and local agencies and works with faith and community-based organizations to ensure that nutrition assistance is available to those in need. Additional information about the programs can be found at www.fns.usda.gov.


Panthers on the move in Florida!
For the past forty years, female panthers have been stuck in south Florida. Males have come and gone, venturing northward, but not a single female had ever migrated beyond the Caloosahatchee River—a major impediment to dispersal, and, therefore, expansion of the species. All this changed in November 2016, when a mom-to-be braved the river’s water, swam across into new territory, and carried with her the hope of an entire species.
Only months later, a camera trap captured the image of a miracle: silhouetted against a backdrop of saw palmetto, two kittens following closely behind their intrepid mother—a sight that hadn’t been seen north of the river throughout the entire history of the Florida panther recovery effort.
Defenders has worked to realize this vision for years. Before we had time to celebrate, though, another female was documented north of the river, as well as a separate pair exhibiting what appeared to be mating behavior. With this massive step forward, it is hoped that these females will continue to produce kittens and carry on the northbound expansion that is so critical to the species’ recovery.
Working to Realize Panther Recovery
To protect these panthers and facilitate their continued movement, Defenders’ Southeast Team is tirelessly working to secure large tracts of core habitat, wildlife corridors, and safe underpasses. We serve on the Florida Panther Recovery Implementation Team as the conservation representative and, as a member of the transportation sub-team, where we work tirelessly to reduce collisions on roads. The sub-team strongly supported the project currently underway by the Florida Department of Transportation to install exclusionary fencing and two bridge ledge wildlife crossings along the last unfenced area of Alligator Alley—a deadly nine-mile stretch of I-75 that has claimed the lives of 15 panthers since 2004.
Despite highway mortalities, the Florida panther population has continued to grow. Population range estimates were revised in February 2017 from 100-180 to 120-230 adults and subadults in south Florida. But for panthers to continue to make conservation gains in the long-term, they need to establish a breeding population outside of south Florida. Indeed, projections show that, unless we continue to add conservation lands to Florida’s protected areas network, by 2070, Florida could lose more than five million acres of land to development, fragmenting wildlife corridors and impeding northward expansion of panthers.
Today, we are at a unique crossroads. With the handful of northbound females, we have the rare opportunity to safeguard the future for panthers. This will require a lot of hard work—namely, the protection of large tracts of habitat and essential travel corridors, a reduction in vehicle collisions, and the willingness of people to share the landscape with these wide-ranging predators. To realize this future, Defenders will work with partners to expand our outreach efforts north of the Caloosahatchee River. We will focus these efforts on working with stakeholders in areas with increased panther activity, especially along panther dispersal zones. We will also continue to help fund and construct livestock protection enclosures; encourage responsible practices that prevent human conflict; develop improved incentive programs for landowners who manage their properties in ways that benefit panthers; advocate for improved land use and transportation planning that prioritizes safe passage for wildlife; and collaborate with elected officials throughout Florida to advance panther recovery.
Interested in helping? You can adopt a panther. The proceeds help fund our work with state and local officials. You can also sign up for our emails where you will get all the latest news and action alerts to support wildlife.


Burial mounds, stone circles surrounded by munching cows, enormous dolmens and amazingly engineered passage tombs… they’re all scattered throughout Ireland in abundance. And sometimes in the most unexpected of places.
Who’d have thought, for example, that the world’s oldest known field system would lie under a blanket of bog in west Mayo? Spread over several kilometres, the Céide Fields are a landscape of stone houses, walls and tombs built along mathematical principles by Neolithic farmers 5,000 years ago.
Visitors can take a guided tour, or just stroll towards the cliff edge and marvel that anything at all was built so close to the thumping Atlantic breakers.
Still out west, it seems people have always been drawn to settle in Ireland’s wildest outreaches. What else but its strategic location could explain the presence of Dún Aonghasa, a prehistoric stone fort huddled on a cliff at the edge of the Aran Islands in the Atlantic Ocean? It’s all too easy to imagine how approaching invaders would have been in awe – National Geographic recently included its “unclimbable” perch amongst its Top 10 Ocean Views.
The surprises keep on coming. Did you know that stone circles abound in counties Fermanagh and Tyrone? Or that at Mount Sandel, near Coleraine, you’ll find the first known dwelling in Ireland, dating back to around 7,000BC, making it even older than Carrowmore in Sligo and way, way older than the Pyramids of Egypt?
And while people often talk of the High Kings of Ireland’s stronghold in Tara, let’s not forget Navan Fort near Armagh, seat of the Ulster kings, which was made famous in the sagas of the Irish mythical hero, Cú Chulainn.
Think a friend might enjoy this article? Click
to save and share
If the walls could speak…
“What’s the story?” Wherever you go in Ireland, you’ll hear this casual greeting, a conversation-starter that says as much about the place of storytelling and oral history in Irish culture as it does the friendliness of the greeter. And just as you’re never far from a ring-fort or stone circle here, so some rollicking tale of an ancient warrior, weird creature or pioneering saint is always close to hand.
Push through the old rhododendron below Muck Rock on Howth Head, County Dublin, for instance, and you’ll come across a 2,500-year-old collapsed dolmen. It’s known locally as Aideen’s Grave. Why? Aideen was a warrior who died of grief shortly after her husband, Oscar, was killed in battle. Oscar’s father, Oisín, is said to have personally buried her beneath a 75-tonne capstone.
Circles of friends
Similar treasures lie hidden at Lough Gur, County Limerick. Pull up at the enchanting lakeside setting here, and you’ll find a site at which people have lived for at least 5,500 years, and you can’t swing a cat without hitting a stone circle, hill fort or mass rock of some kind.
Tread carefully, mind – it’s said that every seven years, Gur demands the heart of a human. At the nearby Grange Stone Circle, however, the cowpats are a more imminent threat.
So you see, a slice of Ireland’s history is never far away – but don’t just look out for the obvious (or even the cowpats), it’s often the stories surrounding them that’ll take your breath away.
Save this page to your Scrapbook:
You have Scrapbooks created. Click below to see all of your saved pages.
This page has been save to your Scrapbook
Vacation ideas, news, offers… sign up for our ezine and we’ll keep you in touch with Ireland


- Opened for Signature: 17 June 1925
- Entered into force: For each signatory as from the date of deposit of its instrument of ratification or accession.
- Number of Parties: 133
- Depositary: France
The Geneva Protocol prohibits the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous, or other gases, and of bacteriological methods of warfare.
Verification and Compliance
The Protocol recognizes the significance of bringing together controls on chemical and biological weapons. While it prohibits the use of such weapons, it does not prohibit their production, development, and stockpiling, gaps covered by later treaties such as the 1972 Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) and the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). There is no verification mechanism contained within the Geneva Protocol and compliance is voluntary.
The Geneva Protocol, implicitly, does not cover internal or civil conflicts. Moreover, a sizeable fraction of its parties have reserved a right to retaliate in kind if chemical and/or biological weapons should ever be used against them by enemies or allies of enemies. This, and the contractual character of the Protocol, has rendered it a no-first-use agreement.
The Geneva Protocol of 1925 was drawn up and signed at the Conference for the Supervision of the International Trade in Arms and Ammunition, which was held in Geneva under the auspices of the League of Nations from 4 May to 17 June 1925. The conference adopted a Convention for the Supervision of the International Trade in Arms, Munitions and Implements of War, which has not entered into force and, as a separate document, a Protocol on the use of gases. The earlier treaties prohibiting the use of gases to which the Protocol refers are in particular the Hague Declaration concerning asphyxiating gases of 1899 and the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
Responding to the extensive use of chemical weapons between belligerents in the Iran-Iraq War and the increasing number of chemical weapon-capable states, a Conference on Chemical Weapons Use was held in Paris in January 1989. At the conference the States recognized the importance of the Geneva Protocol, reaffirmed the prohibitions as established in it, and called upon all States which had not yet done so to accede to the Protocol.
The Protocol provided the basis for the BTWC and the 1993 CWC as well as some regional arms control agreements.
Upon ratification or accession to the Protocol, some States declared that the provisions of the Protocol would cease to be binding on them if their enemies, or the allies of their enemies, failed to respect the prohibitions of the Protocol. In recent years, however, many of the reservations have been withdrawn, especially following the entry into force of the BTWC and the CWC.
Countries that continue to hold reservations to the Protocol include: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Fiji, India, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Republic of Korea, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Serbia, Solomon Islands, Syria, Thailand, the United States, and Vietnam.
Table of Contents:
The Geneva Protocol prohibits the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous, or other gases, and of bacteriological methods of warfare. The Protocol provided the basis for the BTWC and CWC.


Table of Contents :
Top Suggestions Z Sentences Worksheet :
Z Sentences Worksheet Help your zippy little reader master words that begin with the letter z using sight words will reinforce their spelling skills as they complete fill in the blank sentences with their newfound There s no point in having an amazing news stroy but leaving the most important fact to the last sentence you can recap the key points from the video with this accompanying worksheet or read a To add extra information to a sentence using subordinating conjunctions a conjunction is a word or words used to connect two clauses parts of a sentence together watch this fun super movers.
Z Sentences Worksheet A simple technique to let your target know that you are understanding is by acknowledging what they have just told you and follow up by asking for more clarification or complete the sentence Repeat here how to use adjectives in sentences expand your vocabulary with the audio tutor here you can learn new words and improve your pronunciation fill in the gaps she has a dog Hand out the worksheets in your course and let the learners listen to the respective chapter according to the level of ability stop after every word or sentence and let the learner fill in the.
Z Sentences Worksheet The workbook contains worksheets to document the pra and to the physician who can be vulnerable to civil and criminal penalties including jail sentences examples of billing errors are 1 Help your zippy little reader master words that begin with the letter z using sight words will reinforce their spelling skills as they complete fill in the blank sentences with their newfound.
250 Z Words Phrases Sentences Paragraphs Grouped By
Medial Z Phrases And Sentences Snow Blizzard Busy Morning Cheesecake Slice Big Closet Fresh Daisy Dry Desert Dessert Tray Fuzzy Slippers Lazy Day Green Lizard Sheet Music Nice Present Puzzle Pieces Scoop Of Raisins Sharp Razor Sharp Scissors Thursday Night Wednesday Afternoon The Blizzard Lasted For Three Days She Was Always Busy In The Morning He Got The First Slice Of Cheesecake No One
Sentences Worksheets K5 Learning
Sentences Worksheets Free Sentences Worksheets For Elementary School Kids Covering Topics From Distinguishing Between Sentence Fragments And Full Sentences Types Of Sentences Questions Statements Exclamations Elements Of A Complete Sentence And Writing Simple Compound And Complex Sentences Free Grammar And Writing Worksheets From K5 Learning No Login Required
Sentences Worksheets For Grade 5 Free Download Deped Click
Download For Free These Sets Of Sentences Worksheets Suitable For Grade 5 Learners Simply Click On The Download Link To Get Your Free And Direct Copy There Are Also Other Downloadable Materials Below Which We Think Will Be Very Helpful To Your Kids Sentence Construction Is Basically About Arranging Words With Correct Grammar That Forms A Complete Thought Correct Positioning Of Nouns And
Scrambled Sentences Worksheets
Scrambled Sentences Worksheets The Scrambled Sentences Will Become Complete Sentences When They Are Unscrambled Each Sentence Will Have A Subject And A Predicate Some Worksheets Have Punctuation And Others Require The Punctuation The Scrambled Sentences Worksheets Have The Answers On The Second Page Of The Worksheet
Free Handwriting Sentences Worksheets Printables
Kids Practice Tracing And Writing Sentences The Worksheet Focus On Fun Facts About Zebra Letter A Handwriting Practice Gallery Letter A Handwriting Practice 1st Grade Reading Science Writing Letter A Handwriting Practice Alesia 06 12t12 02 10 04 00 The Letter A Handwriting Practice Contains A Variety Of Handwriting Writing And Reading Activities Letter Z Handwriting PracticeGrammar Worksheets
Types Of Sentences Worksheets Welcome Aboard Our Four Types Of Sentences S With Interrogative Sentences To Ask Questions Imperative To Give Commands Declarative To Assert Or Claim And Exclamatory To Express Your Emotions Verb Worksheets Add A Spark To Your Learning With The Printable Grammar Exercises For Kids In Identifying And Using Action Helping And Linking Verbs And FormingSimple Sentences Interactive Worksheet
Id Language English School Subject Reading Grade Level Kindergarten Age 4 7 Main Content Cvc Sentences Other Contents Add To My Workbooks 101 Download File Embed In My Website Or Blog Add To ClassroomWriting Sentences Worksheets Free Printables Education
Going From Writing Simple Words To Composing Complete Sentences Can Be An Intimidating Leap But Our Writing Sentences Worksheets Help Ensure A Soft Landing Thanks To Dozens Of Exercises Designed To Both Educate And Inspire Young Writers Whether It S Fill In The Blank Prompts About Animals Food And Halloween Or Lessons About Capitalization Or Fragments Our Writing Sentences Worksheets
Identifying Nouns In Sentences Worksheet
Worksheet Nouns In Sentences From A Physical Object To An Abstract Idea Help Children Learn To Identify Nouns In A Sentence Used As Subjects Direct Objects Indirect Objects Or Objects Of A Preposition With This Printable Worksheet
Clauses And Phrases Worksheets Activities
Clauses Worksheet Here S A Fun Mall Themed Worksheet To Help Your Students Better Recognizes Clauses And Sentence Structure Students Identify The Subjects Predicates And Objects In 15 Sentences And Determine How Many Clauses Are In Each Sentence Then Students Write Original Sentences With A Variety Of Clauses
People interested in Z Sentences Worksheet also searched for :
Z Sentences Worksheet. The worksheet is an assortment of 4 intriguing pursuits that will enhance your kid's knowledge and abilities. The worksheets are offered in developmentally appropriate versions for kids of different ages. Adding and subtracting integers worksheets in many ranges including a number of choices for parentheses use.
You can begin with the uppercase cursives and after that move forward with the lowercase cursives. Handwriting for kids will also be rather simple to develop in such a fashion. If you're an adult and wish to increase your handwriting, it can be accomplished. As a result, in the event that you really wish to enhance handwriting of your kid, hurry to explore the advantages of an intelligent learning tool now!
Consider how you wish to compose your private faith statement. Sometimes letters have to be adjusted to fit in a particular space. When a letter does not have any verticals like a capital A or V, the very first diagonal stroke is regarded as the stem. The connected and slanted letters will be quite simple to form once the many shapes re learnt well. Even something as easy as guessing the beginning letter of long words can assist your child improve his phonics abilities. Z Sentences Worksheet.
There isn't anything like a superb story, and nothing like being the person who started a renowned urban legend. Deciding upon the ideal approach route Cursive writing is basically joined-up handwriting. Practice reading by yourself as often as possible.
Research urban legends to obtain a concept of what's out there prior to making a new one. You are still not sure the radicals have the proper idea. Naturally, you won't use the majority of your ideas. If you've got an idea for a tool please inform us. That means you can begin right where you are no matter how little you might feel you've got to give. You are also quite suspicious of any revolutionary shift. In earlier times you've stated that the move of independence may be too early.
Each lesson in handwriting should start on a fresh new page, so the little one becomes enough room to practice. Every handwriting lesson should begin with the alphabets. Handwriting learning is just one of the most important learning needs of a kid. Learning how to read isn't just challenging, but fun too.
The use of grids The use of grids is vital in earning your child learn to Improve handwriting. Also, bear in mind that maybe your very first try at brainstorming may not bring anything relevant, but don't stop trying. Once you are able to work, you might be surprised how much you get done. Take into consideration how you feel about yourself. Getting able to modify the tracking helps fit more letters in a little space or spread out letters if they're too tight. Perhaps you must enlist the aid of another man to encourage or help you keep focused.
Z Sentences Worksheet. Try to remember, you always have to care for your child with amazing care, compassion and affection to be able to help him learn. You may also ask your kid's teacher for extra worksheets. Your son or daughter is not going to just learn a different sort of font but in addition learn how to write elegantly because cursive writing is quite beautiful to check out. As a result, if a kid is already suffering from ADHD his handwriting will definitely be affected. Accordingly, to be able to accomplish this, if children are taught to form different shapes in a suitable fashion, it is going to enable them to compose the letters in a really smooth and easy method. Although it can be cute every time a youngster says he runned on the playground, students want to understand how to use past tense so as to speak and write correctly. Let say, you would like to boost your son's or daughter's handwriting, it is but obvious that you want to give your son or daughter plenty of practice, as they say, practice makes perfect.
Without phonics skills, it's almost impossible, especially for kids, to learn how to read new words. Techniques to Handle Attention Issues It is extremely essential that should you discover your kid is inattentive to his learning especially when it has to do with reading and writing issues you must begin working on various ways and to improve it. Use a student's name in every sentence so there's a single sentence for each kid. Because he or she learns at his own rate, there is some variability in the age when a child is ready to learn to read. Teaching your kid to form the alphabets is quite a complicated practice.
Tags: #copying sentences worksheets#parts of a sentence worksheet#unscramble sentences worksheets#write simple sentences worksheet#kindergarten sentence building worksheets#complex sentences worksheets#sentence worksheet for kids#form a sentence worksheet#2nd grade sentences worksheets#exclamatory sentence worksheet


Unlike such exhibitions as Edgar Degas at the Museum of Modern Art and van Gogh at the Art Institute of Chicago, which were assembled oceans away from the environments that nurtured the painters, the show devoted to Hieronymus Bosch at the Noordbrabants Museum in ’s-Hertogenbosch, where the 15th-century painter lived all his life, allows viewers to experience Bosch in his own cultural world. Even today his hometown, with its rows of moss-clad trees and four-story houses, retains the feel of a small Dutch village wrapped around a main square. Bosch and his family lived on this plaza dominated by St. John’s Cathedral for many years.
There is no evidence that Bosch traveled. The creativity of his febrile, if macabre, imagination was nurtured entirely in his fantasies: the lack of outside stimuli in the backwater town renders his work all the more remarkable.
The Bosch Research and Conservation Project, an assembly of Bosch experts, spearheaded the project of assembling and analyzing the 20 paintings, various triptychs and panels, and 19 drawings on display. Although the Prado did not lend The Garden of Earthly Delights (1500–5), the iconic work bought by Philip II of Spain, it did lend The Hay Wain triptych (ca. 1515), in which a large group of people grab at handfuls of hay in a melee symbolizing the avarice behind the fight for earthly possessions. Other museums lent generously, making it possible for some of the most familiar images to be on view, including The Wayfarer (ca. 1500–10), in which the poor wanderer treads his way through life, having to choose between good and evil.
Perhaps most revealing are the stunningly original drawings that demonstrate Bosch’s obsession with images of evil and the grotesque. While he revered heaven, he had a passion for hell. Imagine, as in Two Monsters (ca.1500), an animal with human hands, a swan’s neck, a dragon-like head, and a leg pushed into a sawed-off bone! It is a complete fantasy, and a breathtakingly frightening one. It is not a study for a painting but a total work that stands on its own.
In the drawing Infernal Landscape (ca.1500), presumably a scene from hell, there is a net fishing for souls; a dragon throwing up souls into a giant cauldron; a barrel moving along on legs that are half human and half dragon; and a man’s head peeking out from the front of the barrel as a strange monster sits astride it.
In later centuries artists would produce works with imagery reminiscent of Bosch’s, but Bosch himself seems to have followed his own internal vision, and it was an extraordinary one.


Office of Citizen
Rest in Peace,
Submitted by lmcshane on Wed, 02/25/2009 - 00:49.
You may not be familiar with Charles Chestnutt, but he was a Cleveland writer who first broke the color line with his popular novel, House Behind the Cedars.
The House Behind the Cedars tells of John and Lena Walden, mulatto siblings who pass for white in the postbellum American South. The drama that unfolds as they travel between black and white worlds constitutes a riveting portrait of the shifting and intractable nature of race in American life. This edition revitalizes a much-neglected masterpiece by one of our most important African-American writers
The Cuyahoga County Planning Commission notes that he lived on East 73 St. in Cleveland, a solidly middle-class neighborhood at the time. Ironically, I took some pictures of East 73rd St. today. You can see the charm from this one beautiful house, which incidentally also has a great adjacent garden plot.
From the CCPC blog:
Oberlin College Professor Anne Trubek did not find what she expected when exploring East 73rd Street in Cleveland. Through the efforts of organized residents, some areas hard-hit by the foreclosure crisis remain viable neighborhoods.


Without space shuttle missions, the trick this time is to find a work-around from the ground
Hubble’s in trouble again.
The 28-year-old space telescope, in orbit around the Earth, put itself to sleep on October 5 because of an undiagnosed problem with one of its steering wheels. But once more, astronomers are optimistic about Hubble’s chances of recovery. After all, it’s just the latest nail-biting moment in the history of a telescope that has defied all life-expectancy predictions.
There is one major difference this time. Hubble was designed to be repaired by astronauts on the space shuttle. Each time the telescope broke previously, a shuttle mission fixed it. “That we can’t do anymore, because there ain’t no shuttle,” says astronomer Helmut Jenkner of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, who is Hubble’s deputy mission head.
The most recent problem started when one of the three gyroscopes that control where the telescope points failed. That wasn’t surprising, says Hubble senior project scientist Jennifer Wiseman of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. That particular gyroscope had been glitching for about a year. But when the team turned on a backup gyroscope, it didn’t function properly either.
Astronomers are working to figure out what went wrong and how to fix it from the ground. The mood is upbeat, Wiseman says. But even if the gyroscope doesn’t come back online, there are ways to point Hubble and continue observing with as few as one gyroscope.
“This is not a catastrophic failure, but it is a sign of mortality,” says astronomer Robert Kirshner of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Mass. Like cataracts, he says, it’s “a sign of aging, but there’s a very good remedy.”
While we wait for news of how Hubble is faring, here’s a look back at some of its previous hiccups and repair missions.
1990: The blurry mirror
On June 27, 1990, three months after the space telescope launched, astronomers discovered an aberration in Hubble’s primary mirror. Its curvature was off by two micrometers, making the images slightly blurry.
The telescope soldiered on, despite being the butt of jokes on late-night TV. It observed a supernova that exploded in 1987 (SN: 2/18/17, p. 20), measured the distance to a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way and took its first look at Jupiter before the space shuttle Endeavour arrived to fix the mirror in December 1993.
1999: The first gyroscope crisis
An already planned preventative maintenance shuttle mission suddenly became more urgent. NASA split the mission into two parts to get to the telescope more quickly. The first part became a rescue mission: Astronauts flew the space shuttle Discovery to Hubble that December to install all new gyroscopes and a new computer.
2004: Final shuttle mission canceled
After the space shuttle Columbia disintegrated while re-entering Earth’s atmosphere in 2003, NASA canceled the planned fifth and final Hubble reservicing mission. “That could really have been the beginning of the end,” Jenkner says.
The team has known for more than a decade that someday Hubble will have to work with fewer than three gyroscopes. To prepare, Hubble’s operations team deliberately shut down one of the telescope’s gyroscopes in 2005, to observe with only two.
“We’ve been thinking about this possibility for many years,” Wiseman says. “This time will come at some point in Hubble’s mission, either now or later.”
Shutting down the third gyroscope was expected to extend Hubble’s life by only eight months, until mid-2008. In the meantime, two of the telescope’s scientific instruments — the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph and the Advanced Camera for Surveys — stopped working due to power supply failures.
Good as new
Space shuttle missions returned five times to Hubble over the space telescope’s first 19 years to repair it. In 2002, astronauts aboard the space shuttle Columbia visited Hubble to replace its solar panels and install new cameras (seen here inside Columbia’s cargo bay with the glow of Earth’s horizon in the background). The tragic destruction of Columbia in 2003 almost made this the last Hubble visit.
2009: New lease on life
Fortunately, NASA restored the final servicing mission, and the space shuttle Atlantis visited Hubble in May 2009 (SN Online: 5/11/09). That mission restored Hubble’s cameras, installed new ones and crucially, left the space telescope with six new gyroscopes, three for immediate use and three backups. The three gyroscopes still in operation (including the backup that is currently malfunctioning) are of a newer type, and are expected to live five times as long as the older ones, which last four to six years.
The team expects Hubble to continue doing science well into the 2020s and to have years of overlap with its successor, the James Webb Space Telescope, due to launch in 2021. “We are always worried,” says Jenkner, who has been working on Hubble since 1983. “At the same time, we are confident that we will be running for quite some time more.”
C. Crockett. 30 years later, supernova 1987A is still sharing secrets. Science News. Vol. 191, February 18, 2017, p. 20.
C. Crockett. Astronomers celebrating Hubble’s past focus on its future. Science News. Vol. 187, May 16, 2015, p. 15.
C. Crockett. Celebrating 25 years of the Hubble Space Telescope. Science News. Vol. 187, April 18, 2015, p. 18.
A. Yeager. The art of astronomy. Science News. Vol. 187, April 18, 2015, p. 4.