Does my stepdaughter have a way to tell I'm using Find My Device? Similar to this question for Apple, is there anything that my stepdaughter can look up or turn on that shows her I am currently checking her location using Find My Device such as notifications, a log, etc?
Yes, there is a notification that will appear when you locate the device.
WARNING: This could prevent other notifications from appearing.

To disable the notification, navigate to (Version 8.1.0, may be different on older versions)
Settings -&gt; Apps &amp; notifications -&gt; See all X apps -&gt; Google Play services
Under Other, disable Uncategorized

You should also be aware that there are applications that can fake the location of the phone, and that will effect Find My Device.