How can I root the Micromax A110Q I am using ubuntu 12.04 LTS and want to root my micromax A110Q.
Note #1: 


Rooting Mediatek devices isn't usually a clean area. Please remember that this solution is to help you out only and is not a mandate, which means the responsibility of recovering device (if required) lies upon the reader only. 
Taking backup is very important. Consider the answers here to take backup. I can't stress this more. Please do not ignore this step.  


Note #2: Keep you device's battery charged, possibly above 80%. Best is to keep it fully charged. Few folks sometimes report that low-battery during flashing resulted in soft/hard-bricking of their device.



I'm aware of two methods to root this device and both are tested by me on this very device.

Method #1

This method will sideload an app in your Android. You can see this answer to know how this kind of apps works. Also, I'm using this guide on AndroidXDA to corroborate my answer.

Instructions:


Go to Settings &rarr; Security and check Unknown sources -- in order to sideload apps.
Download and install Framaroot from any of the following links:


Framaroot's website
XDA thread
AndroidXDA

Launch the app and Install SuperSU will be shown selected. If not, do choose it.
Tap any of the following options(exploits):


Boromir
Faramir
Barahir


and wait for few seconds.
If the exploit you chose works fine then you would see the following or similar message:


Success :-)... Superuser and su binary installed. You have to reboot your device.

  
  

                                    OK



Otherwise, choose the rest of the two options. But eventually, it would work. (Worked on my A110Q).
Reboot your device and you would see a new app installed in your device named SuperSU.
You can use any of the root checker apps here on Play Store to see whether SuperSU is intercepting root access, or apps can detect su binary.


Congrats! Your device is now rooted. 



Method #2

This method is a typical technique of flashing Recovery partition with a custom recovery and then flashing SuperSu zip file from the latter accompanied by installing an app from Play Store.

Note #3: The following instructions are platform dependent, tested and mostly works on Microsoft Windows 7 OS.

This method uses a tool named SP Flash Tool to flash Recovery partition of your device using a scatter(text) file. I've covered this tool in Method #1 of an answer here with links to some videos(to familiarize yourself). You can also see this guide as well.

About Scatter file : Scatter file has the index of location of partitions (including boundaries) your device has.

Instructions:


Download ADB drivers for your device, install them and verify that your device is getting detected. You can either query Google for them or download them from here.
Download a scatter-based ROM (Stock ROM preferred) for your device. Query Google for such with details like device model name, chipset, etc. You can download it from here as well. Note that the solution needs only a text file which is packed inside the ROM. 

As an alternative of downloading this ROM, you can generate your own Scatter Based file. The instructions are mentioned here. I didn't try the instructions there so I can't cover them here. On a side note, I recommend downloading stock ROM since its always good to have this ROM ready for flashing in emergency.
Extract files from downloaded ROM and look for .txt file with name similar to MT6589_Android_scatter.txt. Note down the location of this file. 

Download latest SP-Flash Tool.
Download a custom Recovery for your device. Alike step 1 querying Google is the option here. Mostly, the recovery you might get is either CWM or Philz Touch recovery. You can consider these links to download CWM recovery or Philz Touch Recovery.
Download SuperSU zip from here. The name might be similar to UPDATE-SuperSU-vX.YZ.zip. Put this .zip file into the root directory (Home folder) of your Internal SD card. You can do so by firing up your favorite File Manager.

Connect your phone via USB cable into PC.
Extract SP Flash Tool, look for Flash_tool.exe and execute it by doing  Right-click &rarr; Run as Administrator. 
Once the interface comes up, click Scatter-Loading button, locate the scatter file (from Step 3) there and proceed with it -- this will list some partition names (unfamiliar names possibly) like MBR, UBOOT, BOOTIMG, etc.
Make sure that all the entries below name are unchecked except Recovery -- we do not want to replace the content of any existing partition other than of Recovery.
Click on Recovery, locate the Recovery file you downloaded in step 4 and proceed with it. Below the location you would see the file path of your Recovery file (like C:\Users\...).
Power off your phone (do not disconnect) and click the Download button in the tool.
If the flashing proceeds successfully you would see a small window with green circle. Otherwise, you would have to query Google for any troubleshooting. You can now unplug your phone and power on.
Power off your phone completely (it will vibrate after screen goes blank during this process). Press and hold "Volume Up" + "Volume Down" + "Power" button simultaneously. You'll see two options:


Recovery Mode: Volume Up
Factory Mode: Volume Down


Press "Volume Up" button then select the entry [Recovery Mode] using "Volume Up" button and press "Volume Down" button to proceed.
You'll now boot into your custom Recovery (CWM for me).

For CWM go to Install zip &rarr; choose zip from /sdcard/sdcard0 and use "Volume Up/Down" buttons to go up and down in the entries. Select your .zip file (from step 4) entry and press "Power" button to install. Choose Yes to install SuperSU zip -- this step will copy su binary et al. in your system which will be used by a Play Store app.
For Philz, look for similar options since most of the popular recoveries have similar options to flash a .zip.

If step 14 proceeds successfully, reboot your device and download SuperSU from Play Store.
Launch the app. Choose Continue and it will ask two options, choose TWRP/CWM. It might reboot your device but will eventually get installed.  
For verification see whether SuperSU has been successfully installed and working, or not, by using any app that requests Root privileges. E.g. See these apps.  


Congrats! Your device is now rooted.



About Framaroot


  Now you can root your android device without PC, just use framaroot. This app including several exploits named as the heroes of the book "The Lord of the Rings" Gandalf, Boromir, Pippin, Legolas, Sam, Frodo, Aragorn and Gimli. You can install Superuser and su binary on phone or tablet from android version 2.x to 4.x.


About SP Flash Tool


  Smart Phone Flash Tool (SP Flash Tool) allows you to Flash any Stock Rom or any Custom on the Android Smartphone.




 Note: I'm aware of MTK Droid Tools as well. Aforementioned methods should possibly work out easily for you. In case they don't or you wanna explicitly use this app for rooting (it has some other useful features as well), then consider this XDA link.