How to clean up related files from deleted apps? AppCleaner will delete related files from the Mac when an application is dragged to the trash. How does one clean up remains of uninstalled apps on Android?
You might want to take a look at SD Maid. This app requires root for full functionality. This "cleaning made" takes care for multiple remains: a "corpse finder" checks for what an uninstalled app might have left, the "system cleaner" scans the devices known directories with unnecessary files. You can check for the biggest files on your device to free up space, and even optimize and shrink bloated databases to speed up access and free space.

The app includes a file manager, and also allows you to search for files.

 
SD MAID Corpse Finder and System Cleaner (source: Google Play; click images for larger variant)

Edit: For more details and discussion, you might want to visit the app's thread at XDA :)