Impossible to format corrupted SD card formatted as internal storage I see lots of questions about recovering data from corrupted SD card formatted as internal storage, that's not my case.
I want to FORMAT this SD card to be able to use elsewhere.

For some reasons the card become read-only so it is impossible for me to make any changes.
While on the phone I tried to switch the card from internal memory to external. It didn't work.
The only option I had was to forget the card, and so I did.
Now even with gparted on linux, I'm not able to format the card.
I tried also to change the permits with

sudo chmod -R 777 /dev/sdb

and other different commands like 

sudo mount -o remount,rw /dev/sdb

all without luck.

What else can I do? It seems impossible to reset this card.

Ps. the lock on the SD adapter is in the correct position

edit1: I've used sudo badblocks -wsv /dev/sdb no errors found, but not luck, the partitions are still there (here how to use badblocks https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/badblocks). The process took around 10 hours for a 64Gb card.

edit2: after asking help to bunsenlabs.org these things came out. At the moment I can't try them because I don't have the hardware required but my gut and my common sense tell me that it's the right path. 

links:
https://github.com/Nephiel/sdlocker-tiny
https://github.com/BertoldVdb/sdtool
It sounds like the other answer of the FAT being corrupt is likely, I would try "zeroing out" the card...

First, verify the device... it will be something like /dev/sdb or similar, make absolutely sure you know this device is correct. Then, in Linux open terminal and enter the following command:

$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb bs=8192


Substituting the correct device name for /dev/sdb. 

DO NOT interrupt this process or it could possibly brick the SD card.

Once it has completed, eject and remove the card... wait a few seconds then reinsert the card in the card reader. After this, open gparted (or your partition manager of choice) and create a new FAT and partition. In gparted, this is accomplished by selecting Device, then Create Partition Table from the toolbar menu, I would recommend using msdos as the partition type. Then after that process completes, select Partition - New, and change the File System to fat32 (or whatever is appropriate for your card) and click Add. Then Apply (the "return" arrow in the menu bar). 

Once this has been completed, remove the card and reinsert it, it should be readable in Linux, Windows, and most other operating systems.