Shutting down or ringing an alarm when the phone leaves a certain range I need to make the phone available for all people in a building, for example.  If someone were to try to walk outside of the building with the phone, the phone would shut down or a loud alarm would sound. Any thoughts?
As Lie says, you can achieve most of this with Tasker (Market link or Dev's Site) .  Tasker can detect your phone's location using GPS or based on the cell towers or wifi access points it can see.

I don't think you can set the phone to shut itself down based on this, but you could definitely make it play a loud sound, or even send an SMS message or a voice call to a particular number.