Clean install of android I am wondering is there a way to completly delete all data on the phone(including system, kernel...) and reinstalling clean system, something that would be equivalent to formating hard drive and reinstalling system on PC.
First, for reinstalling you'll need a ROM specifically matching your device (there's no such thing as a "generic installer" for Android, see e.g. Can I install a ROM made for a different device and Why are there not generic phone OS installers?)

Second, for a "clean start", it is possible to "wipe" all mentioned partitions – but usually not with the stock features of Android devices. You will need a custom recovery such as twrp or clockworkmod-recovery, where you can explicitly select which partitions to "wipe" (including /system).

Note: As therealjayvi correctly pointed out, those "wipes" wont really destroy all data (forensic experts will still be able to recover) – but I guess you won't need that anyway: as soon as you install the "fresh Android" (i.e. flash the ROM), most of the data will be overwritten anyway. And if you're really concerned about remaining data blocks being recoverable by experts: encrypt your device before wiping. That's safer than the dd approach (in terms of not accidentally destroying things).