Why lsusb gets "permission denied" error in Termux? When I run this command in Termux the output  gets permission denied. I don't have root access, perhaps Android system allows me to get the specific access in root.
lsusb command lists entries in /sys/bus/usb/devices which is world-readable but SELinux would be denying access because u:r:untrusted_app:s0 context isn't allowed to access u:object_r:sysfs:s0.

However you can try adb shell lsusb because sepolicy allows u:r:shell:s0 to read the directory as defined here:

allow shell sysfs:dir r_dir_perms


And here:

define(`r_dir_perms', `{ open getattr read search ioctl lock }')