Can RAM and ROM be increased after rooting a device? How can I increase RAM and ROM after rooting my Lenovo A269I running Android 2.3.6? After rooting an Android would the RAM and ROM be increased? 

I have not rooted my device yet. But I want to do so.
It can be possible by upgrading Hardware only. But the existing memory can be used wisely by rooting your device.

For example, to get some free space, 


ROM (can remove unwanted System apps)
RAM (can swap some of your unused app memory from RAM to secondary storage (SD card); try out RAM Expander for instance )


Note: we cannot expect the same hardware's performance while swapping
 RAM.