Access Android Phone on local wireless network from Windows device Is what the subject implies possible?
Typing \\{phone IP} doesn't seem to work as it would with other Windows running devices on the same network.

Thank you.
For this to work seamlessly you would need an SMB server on your phone.  There is such an app, available via this forum thread.  It needs root, and it looks like results vary by device.  At least one reason why root is required is that normal users aren't allowed to open ports below 1024, whilst by convention, SMB servers use ports 135-139.

An alternative is the On Air (Wifi Disk) app, available in the market.  Whilst not quite seamless, this does give you access to your SD card via AppleTalk, WebDAV or good old FTP.  I've just tested with an HTC Desire HD and Windows XP over WebDAV and it appears to work well.

The Windows XP WebDAV client is a bit ropey, but that's not really the fault of Android or On Air :)

The On Air app itself warns of issues using the built-in WebDAV clients for Vista and Windows 7, and recommends a standalone client.