Is it possible to run applications with different locales (languages)? I want to run some applications in one language and the rest with the others. Specifically, I'd like to run maps in Russian (I really don't need names transliterated to Latin) and everything else in English (Russian translations are usually very poor and I just cannot understand what the app wants to tell me. English translations are usually good enough for me to understand).

I run stock android 4.2.2 on rooted Texet X-basic tm-4072. The solution involving Tasker does not apply for me because Google Play says Takser is not compatible with my phone. There was an application for this, but now it's outdated and I don't know how to reach the author (he suggests to send the newer version to those who write to him).

In desktop Linux I'd simply run app with different LANG value, does something like that work for Android?
This module for Xposed Framework should do the trick if your device is rooted. 


Install Xposed Installer.
Run Xposed Installer and use it to install Xposed Framework. It's a two-tap operation followed by a reboot. 
Find the App Settings module in Xposed Installer, install and enable it. Reboot device. 
Click the module in Xposed Installer to show its GUI. You'll be presented with available features, including changing app locale.