Is there some SSH server for android? Is there an ssh server for Android (such as openssh for Ubuntu) that will allow me to access my device console via PuTTY?
Yes, there are a couple of options for this, including:


SSHDroid (does not require rooted phone)
QuickSSHD (see this Google thread for some discussion)
Dropbear (requires rooted phone, see this Droidforums thread for some discussion)
SSHelper (does not require rooting; free software -- under GPL; it incorporates also code from other projects; might eventually appear in the F-Droid repository)
some other free (= libre) software projects of an ssh server have been mentioned in the discussion of their potential inclusion into F-Droid


Some of these apps will require you to root your device. SSHDroid, QuickSSHD and SSHelper, at least, do not (there may be others as well). There are certainly multiple choices for you to investigate depending on your requirements/desired features/etc.