Protecting my Google identity in case my Android device gets stolen? My devices are all linked to my main Google account. This is encouraged, almost required, by Android, for example to make my Google Play apps available everywhere. However, it requires me to store my main Google password on the device, which provides access to a ton of sensitive data: all email, Drive documents, Google Wallet.

What can I do to protect myself in case one of my devices gets stolen?

The devices I currently have are Google Nexus 5 and Samsung Galaxy Note 10.1
Google now has a device manager as part of Google services where you can do a remote wipe:

https://www.google.com/android/devicemanager

At least put a pin lock on your device so that it will be harder to access.

Don't enable Developer Options / keep adb on all the time.