Predicted features combined with original ones I am currious  how good  such  a procedure could be :
I  get some predictions  of some 10  learners  trained   on train set  and predicted on train set also .
Then I am column binding   those predictions  to the original train.
Could this  be  a valid procedure  on improving  learning process?
This procedure exists and is called stacked generalization or simply stacking. See stacking section from wikipedia page. Strating from there you can red more by following references from the page. The first paper on subject was published by Wolpert in 1992. 

[Later edit]

Do not combine the results with original features, but keep only the predictions combined only with the target.