Who coined the term "machine learning"? I'm trying to figure out who coined the term "machine learning". An ancillary question is from where is Arthur Samuel cited as defining the field of "machine learning" in 1959 as:


  the field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without
  being explicitly programmed


?

You can find many, many references to this definition on the internet, but I haven't been able to track down the source. Some give it as his 1959 paper on checkers, but I don't find any such definition there.
"Programming computers to learn from experience should eventually eliminate the need for much of this detailed programming effort"
Samuel, A. L. (1959), “Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers” in IBM Journal of Research and Development  (Volume:3, Issue: 3), p. 210