What would show a human mind is/is not reducible to a Turing machine? In computer science it is often assumed that a human mind can be reduced to a Turing machine.  This is the assumption that underlies the field of artificial intelligence.

However, it is an assumption, one that has neither been proven or disproven.

Is there any kind of test within our current capabilities where we can prove/disprove this assumption?

If not, is there any evidence that would suggest one way or another?

Here is a similar question I asked awhile back on theoretical computer science:

https://cstheory.stackexchange.com/questions/3170/human-intelligence-and-algorithms
To answer your question:


  Is there any kind of test within our current capabilities where we can prove/disprove this assumption?


The Turing test was conceived as a way to test a particular special case of this assumption: it gives us a way to test whether a particular AI system is successful at behaving indistinguishably from a human.  Thus, this would give a plausible way to prove the assumption -- if we could come up with an AI system that is good enough to pass the Turing test.  Unfortunately, that's something we haven't been able to do, yet.