Evaluating two different Algorithms, which one will scale better? I'm evaluating two different algorithms to choose one for my implementation, they just do calculations on top of arrays, get some input of $n$ elements, and produce some output of $m$ elements, and I'm looking for an opinion about which one will scale better.

The output they provide given the input is exactly the same on both cases, the computation time for the second is slightly better, maybe a 20%...

As I have the code from both, I have been able to get some counts out of the main loop, where the processing happens (they are iterative).

The first Algorithm behavior reminds me a lot merge sort, for a input $n$, every iteration just process half of the elements, so for $n=4000$ each iteration process half of the elements until there is no more $i_1=2000,i_2=1000,i_3=500,...,i_x=1$

The second Algorithm is just linear, I did the same count thing, and with input $n=4000$, looks like it just process $\approx n/c$ (some $c$) elements per iteration, so $i_1=266,i_2=266,i_3=266,...,i_x=266$ 

(They do not depend on the numerical values in the input)

Which one will you choose?
You are not looking for asymptotic behaviour, but for actual runtime for rather large n; you determine how large. 

You can either analyse both algorithms, and estimate what their run times will be, or much easier, you can measure it. You have to be very careful if you do this with an optimising compiler, because they tend to throw away operations if they can prove they are not actually used. But done carefully, this will give you the actual numbers.

Draw some graph showing the runtime depending on N. And be aware that different processors or different compilers can produce rather different results. Also be aware that if the time "jumps" for certain sizes of n, lets say 50n nanoseconds if n &lt; 10,000, 100n nanoseconds if n &lt; 1,000,000 and 200n nanoseconds if n > 1,000,000 then your time may be depending on memory access, and you can often improve time significantly be re-arranging operations.