Asymptotic Time Analysis for BFS Tree Suppose I want to broadcast from my root to all the nodes in a BFS tree. What is the time complexity of this process? I know that it is suppose to be proportional to the depth of the tree, like O(Depth). A more formal way of saying this could be O(Diameter) or maybe O(Radius of the Root) if you want to be more specific.

However, these parameters do not provide any insight. O(Depth) or O(Diameter) could be O(n) if the tree were a line. Since BFS is not guaranteeing a balanced tree or a binary tree or whatever, it does not give any topological clue to me.

Should I say O(n) then? Or should I say O(Depth) to give a more precise answer?
You can say whatever you want as long as it is accurate.  Both $O(n)$ and $O(\text{Depth})$ are accurate, so you can say either one.  $O(\text{Depth})$ is more descriptive, since $\text{Depth} \le n$ always holds.

I don't know why you don't think it provides any insight; I think it does provide some potentially useful information.