How do I display a list of nodes that reference a given node on the node content page? I have a central content type that is being referenced by many child content types.  The child content types all have an entity reference field pointing to the central content type.

Now, on the node page, I want to display a list of all the nodes that are referencing this particular piece of content.

It seems I can use Field View to set up a view showing the desired content, and then embed it as a field, but I'm not sure how to pass the value of the currently-being-viewed content to the view in order to make it limit the results properly.

Any advice or other ways to approach this problem?
In your view set up a contextual filter (under 'Advanced') on the entity reference field. Then configure the filter to provide a default value if the filter is missing. Select 'Content ID from UrL'.

When you display the view, it will list the children which point to the page you are currently displaying.