hook_menu and Access Denied Why do all of these menu items return "Access Denied" pages no matter how many times I drush cc all and clear cache from admin/config/performance?

/**
 * Implements hook_menu()
 */
function caplogin_menu() {
  $items = array();
  $items['join'] = array(
    'title' =&gt; 'Foo settings',
    'access arguments' =&gt; array('access content'),
    'type' =&gt; MENU_NORMAL_ITEM,
  );
  $items['join/signup'] = array(
    'page callback' =&gt; 'caplogin_unified_registration',
    'access arguments' =&gt; array('access content'),
    'title' =&gt; 'Request Member Online Credentials',
    'type' =&gt; MENU_DEFAULT_LOCAL_TASK,
  );
  $items['join/login'] = array(
    'page callback' =&gt; 'caplogin_unified_login',
    'access arguments' =&gt; array('access content'),
    'title' =&gt; 'Members Login',
    'type' =&gt; MENU_LOCAL_TASK,
  );
  return $items;
}
For the first menu item, you didn't provide any page callback, and MENU_DEFAULT_LOCAL_TASK menu items inherited it from the parent menu item. In this case, Drupal returns a 403 error.
For the last one, the reason can be one of the following:


The page callback function doesn't exist, or it is defined in a file that is not the module file
The user account doesn't have the permission 'access content'