Module name and name of the directory the containing it Google and stack has come up dry so far, so I'll ask you: In Drupal 8, does my module folder need to match the name of my module?  Some basic testing indicates that they can differ with no harm done, but Drupal 8 is still a bit of a black-box to me and I don't want to find myself painted into a corner because of this.
Good conventions mentioned by Kevin aside, there's no technical reason for the names to match, no. What's important is the name of the .info.yml file, that's what defines the module machine name. 

Drupal just interrogates the known module folder locations recursively looking for .info.yml files, so anything will get picked up regardless of folder name.