how to configure drupal settings to be available to visualize the available variables? how must drupal local settings be configured to display available variables using IDEs or other tools ?
I guess this is xdebug and phpstorm but i don't know how to configure it if i don't have full admin access to the server.
You can use kint which will print you all the variables
https://www.webwash.net/how-to-print-variables-using-kint-in-drupal-8/
or dpm (in devel module)
https://www.drupal.org/docs/contributed-modules/devel/dpm-and-other-devel-functions