How to define event listener in the service? In Drupal 8 is possible to use event subscriber that is the separate class that defines the callback that should be called on the defined event. See  Event Systems Overview &amp; How To Subscribe To and Dispatch Events

But I'm wondering how to define event listener that will trigger the method of the service on the desired event? 

here Symfony references:

Events and Event Listeners 

Built-in Symfony Events
If I understood correctly, I think you are asking about implementing minimalistic single responsibility event listeners declared in the YML config file, like in this Java example: 

class MyListener implements ActionListener {
  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    myTextArea.append('Hello from MyListener');
  }
}


That is not possible since this is this what the EventDispatcher actually does:

    public function addSubscriber(EventSubscriberInterface $subscriber)
    {
        foreach ($subscriber-&gt;getSubscribedEvents() as $eventName =&gt; $params) {
            if (is_string($params)) {
                $this-&gt;addListener($eventName, array($subscriber, $params));
            } elseif (is_string($params[0])) {
                $this-&gt;addListener($eventName, array($subscriber, $params[0]), isset($params[1]) ? $params[1] : 0);
            } else {
                foreach ($params as $listener) {
                    $this-&gt;addListener($eventName, array($subscriber, $listener[0]), isset($listener[1]) ? $listener[1] : 0);
                }
            }
        }
    }


You can still have your separate ActionListener's, but you would have to write some code to call them from your implementation of EventSubscriberInterface.