How do I add more particles? I have set to have 500 particles but blender only adds about 50. How do I add more? I know I can increase the number but why do I get like 10% of the amount I put in there? Why doesn't blender add 500 when I ask 500? How do I add say 2000 particles so it actually spawns 2000 in different places? 

See the sample file:
https://www18.zippyshare.com/v/56ewtGPx/file.html

I am using a uvmapped texture to guide where I want particles. Texture should be included inside the blend.
If you have no animation or want all particles to show at all times tick the options Unborn and Died in the Properties Window > Partices > Render panel



This will make it so that particles are visible at all times, before being emitted, and after dying or spending their life cycle.