Why are particles not rendered? I have already done this before emitting a particle out of an object from another instance object, yet this time it doesn't show up in the render, no matter what I do.

If I have overlay on I can see the particle animation, but when I turn the overlay off, there is nothing. I cant for the life of me figure out whats happening, I even followed a tutorial - same result, nothing in render.
Go to  Render, select Object and choose your particle object, also Show Emitter.
Your emitter object is probably in another hidden layer and there for it will not show you your particle system.

Try resizing your particles on Render &gt; Size tab.
The shader assigned to the emitter is the ones the particles will inherit.

Unless you´re working with another object as particle, in which case it will select that object´s material as the particle material.