How to free up Flash space by removing the bootloader on UNO? In order to fit maximum user program into the chip, how to free up Flash space (0.5 kilo bytes for UNO, 2 KB pro Mini, 8KB for ATMega2560) by removing the bootloader on Atmega328 (UNO, Pro Mini, or similar)?

What software development tools needed (like Atmel AVR Studio software or similar)?

What hardware flash writing / debug tools needed (like JTAG hardware programmer/debugger)?

How is the procedure? Where can I get more information.

Many thanks in advance.

edit: Update boot loader size for different boards
You'll need to use an ISP programmer with avrdude. Perform a chip erase and then unprogram the BOOTRST fuse in the high fuse byte.