Communicating between a computer and multiple Arduinos I am designing a experiment of controlling 6 small wind turbines wirelessly. For each wind turbine, I need to measure power time series (or voltage or current time series) from the generator, and control blade pitch angle, yaw angle, and generator load (using variable resistance). The control input will be all PWM signal. 

I am planning to put an Arduino UNO with a ZigBee wireless module to each wind turbine, making it measure the power time series and transmit to the central node, as well as receive the control input from the central node and command the control input to servo motors. The central node will be additional Arduino UNO. 

Here are my questions:


Is it possible for each Arduino to send time series signal to central node wirelessly without interference with other Arduino? (6 wind turbines transmitting time series to a central server). If it is possible, How can I implement such network ? recommending a source for learning would be also greatly helpful.  
Interface between the central node and the computer software: The algorithm in the computer need to process the received power time series and determine the optimum control input for 6 wind turbines. Then these control input should be transmitted to wirelessly to 6 wind turbines. In such case, what is the good option to interface the algorithm and the Arduino connected to the computer? Currently the algorithm is written in Matlab. I heard there is the sketch interfacing Arduino and Matlab, is it efficient enough for such project?
It is very interesting project. In my opinion, i would not do like you want to control generators from one point.


Look at ZigBee and Wireless sensor network. It is possible. Do more search, also there are several books about networking.
I think that would be more efficient to control the wind turbine with an Arduino and send only data to the main computer. Main computer should do some calculations or send some main configuration data or control on/off wind turbine basis of:

2.1  Metrological data (wind speed or else);

2.2 Storage SOC(if you will store it in batteries or somewhere);

2.3 Required power of grid and etc. etc.


Arduino UNO like you said, connected to computer could do just data collection and making it compatible with computer(MatLab or whatever) and spread control data from PC to targeted Arduino.

Added links

Could not add more than 2 links due to low reputation :)

http://www.digi.com/pdf/wp_zigbeevsdigimesh.pdf , http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=105273.0