DFT have independent variable in between 0 to $\frac{1}{2}$ no of samples I was learning of Fourier Transform from this book 'Scientist and Engineer Guide to DSP'. Suppose we have a digital periodic signal and there are 128 of samples of it in the time domain i.e X[0] to X[127], then on converting it to frequency domain (only real DFT is considered i.e no complex variables) why do we need only 65 points in the frequency domain, is this related to the Nyquist rate since the highest frequency in the sample can have a maximum value of 64. Are the last 64 points not needed for calculation
This statement is only true if your time-domain signal $x[n]$ is real. A real signal has a Fourier transform that is conjugate-symmetric. Stated differently the "negative frequencies" are just the conjugate of the corresponding "positive frequencies." Therefore, the negative frequencies add no new information, so they can be discarded from the DFT of a real signal.