Reconstruction of voice from distorted recordings I would like to know how much of the sound of my voice getting through various types of walls can be reconstructed with easily obtainable software and algorithms.

My plan is to place a microphone on the other side of the walls I'm interested in and record the sound getting through. I would then apply reconstruction and try to understand my own speech. Since I am the one talking and I know what I was saying, this would be best case.

Are there ready algorithms, as standalone software, libraries or easy to implement in common software packages like Python, Matlab, Octave, ... (I'm talking about script-kiddie level of knowledge) that I can try to reconstruct offline the speech from the distorted recording?
This is a difficult problem. The wall itself is simply a linear time invariant filter. Typically it's just a low pass filter and can theoretically be compensated with a matching inverse filter. 

However in practice the attenuation at most frequencies is quite severe. Unless the recording room is extremely quiet and the recording extremely low noise, the remaining speech signal will be below the noise floor and hence impossible to recover.