Need for Oversampling in OFDM and symbol time determination I am trying to implement OFDM on gnuradio. I have two questions.


The sampling frequency which is slightly higher than available bandwidth  satisfies Nyqvist criterion for complex baseband signals. So why do we need to add oversampling factor again? Suppose say oversampling factor is 2. How does that help us in recovery of input signal?
I have seen in an OFDM implementation that 


$$
t_{\rm symbol}=t_{\rm sampl} *(N_c+N_G)*{\rm oversamplingrate } 
$$

where

$t_{\rm symbol}$ = Symbol duration,

$t_{\rm sampl}$=sampling duration,

$N_c$ = No. of subcarriers consisting of data and pilot

$N_G$ = No. of guard band taps.

How does this formula come about? I also have a doubt as to whether each subcarrier corresponds to a single symbol or you can have multiple symbols per subcarrier. What is parameter that decides this?
As the questioner refers to my code at github in the comments, I'd like to clarify. 


There is no need to apply oversampling in OFDM, nor is oversampling required to recover input signals. However, in practical implementations you have to consider some additional constraints regarding the signal's bandwidth. The WARP v2 radio board is clocked with 40 MHz, i.e., the Nyquist frequency is 20 MHz. However, the WARP v2 architecture limits the generated baseband signal's bandwidth to ~10 MHz by TX and RX lowpass filters. This is a meaningful measure to avoid unpleasant aliasing effects. Hence, the OFDM signal's bandwidth should be limited to 10 MHz in the baseband. You can easily achieve this by padding all subcarriers above 10 MHz with zeros. This will work perfectly well. 
An alternative (but probably rather uncommon) way to reduce the bandwidth is to apply 2x oversampling while using the majority of all subcarriers. I implemented oversampling in my generic (not-OFDM-related) transmission procedure and finally enabled it in my OFDM code as I could achieve a slightly higher SNR in our office environment with infrequent interference and some narrowband interference. However, you can safely disable oversampling in my code and apply zero-padding instead. 
An OFDM symbol is the time-domain representation of the symbols concurrently transmitted over all subcarriers. It consists of just as many samples as there are OFDM subcarriers since it is calculated as the IDFT of all subcarriers' symbols. When adding the cyclic prefix, you add $N_G$ samples. The duration in seconds is the number of samples times the time per sample. When oversampling, the symbol duration extends according to the oversampling factor. 


Kind regards,
Robin