Granulometry by morphological opening and closing I am trying to understand granulometry. I understand that it deals with determining the size distribution of particles in an image and uses the principles of opening and closing. 

I have a smoothed image with marbles in different sizes and call it A and a structuring element B, which is a disk with variable radii. I get that when opening the image with the structuring element B, smaller marbles disappear and by increasing the radius of B, bigger marbles start to disappear. 

What I do not understand is what will happen if I use closing instead of opening. Do the bigger marbles disappear with a smaller radius B? So, does the exact opposite happen with closing?
When you use the opening, the overall operation is called a granulometry. However, when you use a closing, it's called an anti-granulometry. It's the dual operation. Combined together, they form the Pattern Spectrum.

In your case, if you apply a closing, you will certainly measure the structures between the marbles.

However, it is definitely not recommended to apply a smoothing first, because it will smooth the edges and small particles. Consequently, the particles detection will be less accurate.