Extracting amplitudes of components from FFT I have a 4096-point FFT of a continuous pipe organ sound (no windowing).  I wish to extract the relative amplitudes of the various harmonically-related sinusoidal components for voicing analysis.  I can easily find the bins with the local maximum power for each component, but since the frequencies are not exactly in the middle of a bin, some of these peaks are spread between two adjacent bins, and the amplitude in each bin is less than it would be if the frequency were shifted to exactly hit that bin.  For frequency analysis I have used various interpolation formulas with great success.  But now I am doing amplitude analysis, and I want to know if there is a similar interpolation formula to estimate the amplitude of a component in a way that is independent of whether that component is exactly in the center of a frequency bin or is between two bins.  My current best guess is the take the sum of the powers (magnitude squared) of the bin with the peak power together with the bins immediately adjacent to it.  The sum of those three bin powers would then represent the power of that one component of the sound.  Is there a better way?
Once you use parabolic or other interpolation for a frequency peak location estimate, you can use an offset Sinc kernel, centered at that estimated frequency, to interpolate the magnitude of that peak location.  Sum each of the complex components of all the adjacent component values of the FFT result that are above the local noise floor (weighted by the offset Sinc kernel).  Then take the magnitude of that complex result.

If you use any window function (other than rectangular of FFT width) use the transform of that window function instead of a Sinc kernel.