What program do I need to mining coins? I see there are hundreds of coins in the market. Can I use one program to mine all of them?
I assume you know that mining with personal computer isn't profitable.  

On-topic:
There are a variety of algorithms, first you need to find out which algorithm the cryptocurrency you want to mine is based on.
Then find a CPU or GPU mining software that support that algorithm.

One CPU miner that is widely used, and support most of the available algorithms is CPUminer-multi .  

You can find the latest about mining on this forum https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?board=160.0