Is there a way to distinguish miner nodes from other nodes? In the bitcoin network, there are many different types of nodes. One of these types are miners and in the bitcoin network, is there any way to distinguish a miner node from a non-mining node? I'm asking because part of some research I'm doing, it would be great help to me if I knew which nodes were the mining nodes
Yes, but only in a probabilistic way: If you run many different nodes and try not to leave any node in the network that isn't connected by any of your nodes, you'll be able to track and visualize the relaying of the new blocks. After a while, you'll have the whole network graph, looking at which might obviously show the miners.

By the way, using the same method, it's possible to find the authors of transactions, which is what Dandelion is aiming to solve.