Should the nodes of a channel have the same Time Lock Delta? Consider this channel https://1ml.com/channel/612829298476056576 :
Node 1: Caffeine
        Time Lock Delta: 10

Node 2: HODLcat.com
        Time Lock Delta: 144

How is an HTLC passing through this channel affected ?
Would the channel work more reliably if the time-lock deltas were the same?
No it does not have to be the same value.
The timelock somewhat reflects the openness to risk. The lower the value the quicker a node has to engage into force close if there is an unsettled htlc and the partner does not respond to communication.
Thus the higher your partner's cltv delta the longer you can be offline before your partner might force close channels. AFAIK there is currently no real recommendation for the cltv delta. Though nodes seem to lower the default value over time. Remember that high values can lead to longer locked funds. This it is a tradeoff anyway