Running full node ( bitcoind ) without private key I want to run full Bitcoin node ( via bitcoind ) in a "secured listen-only" fashion, ie if anybody gets access to the server he gets nothing.

At the same time I want to be able to execute RPC calls such as:
- listtransactions  ( to get transactions for my specific wallet )
- gettransaction 

Is it possible? If yes, how to achieve this?
No sending should be possible from my wallet, of course.

I assume that using a key -disablewallet won't allow me to use listtransactions rpc call.

Thanks
You can simply add your addresses as "watch only" addresses to the wallet, which means that the private keys are not stored on the server, but the transactions are still listed by the RPC calls. You can then keep your private keys elsewhere, for example on a hardware wallet.