What are the exact steps for creating a transaction and having a valid block? I have read all kind of the articles and I understand almost all the concept from cryptocurrency. What I still don't understand is, what are the steps from transactions to a valid block.
On a post on this SE I found this:    


Collects transactions from the network
Validates them, and doesn't allow conflicting ones
Puts them into large bundles called blocks
Computes cryptographic hashes over and over until if finds one "good enough to count"
Then submits the block to the network, adding it to the blockchain and earning a reward in return.


Let's take a practical example and please correct me if I make some wrong steps:


I send 10BTC to Batman.
Because I have send BTC, a transaction is created in system.
This transaction is send to all nodes from network (all users)
After transaction arrives to all users, the transaction is added in a queue where the miners take take their transactions.
A miner take transaction, process it (proof of work) and creates a block with more transactions.
After all the transactions are validated by miner, the new block is send in the network for check.


Now, questions:


How does each user check this blockchain (divide the blockchain and check each transaction if the transaction from the blockchain is the same with the one that he has (because first transactions are send to all the users from p2p network and after that are send in the queue to be process by the miner. This is how user is able to compare the transactions))?
I send 10BTC to Batman.
  Because I have send BTC, a transaction is created in system.
  This transaction is send to all nodes from network (all users)
  


That is correct so far


  
  After transaction arrives to all users, the transaction is added in a queue where the miners take take their transactions.
  


Yep, although its not really a queue because miners don't necessarily have to take the first transactions first. Its called the mempool, and its just a bit collection of them, with no enforced order.


  
  A miner take transaction, process it (proof of work) and creates a block with more transactions.
  


I'd just like to make it clearer that the proof of work is the name given to the hashing of the entire block, proof of work is not the verification of the transaction. Verifying the transaction doesn't take much work, only creating the block does.


  
  After all the transactions are validated by miner, the new block is send in the network for check.
  


After all the transactions are validated by the miner and the miner has found a valid proof of work block, that new block is sent to the rest of the network. Just valid transactions alone does not make a valid block. You are missing the idea of "Computes cryptographic hashes over and over until if finds one 'good enough to count'" that you mentioned. That is the proof of work.


  How does each user check this blockchain (divide the blockchain and check each transaction if the transaction from the blockchain is the same with the one that he has (because first transactions are send to all the users from p2p network and after that are send in the queue to be process by the miner. This is how user is able to compare the transactions))?


Users can just compare the transaction hash with the ones in the blockchain, because the hash is a deterministic "summary" or digest of the transaction. The same transaction will always have the same hash, but two different transactions will have different hashes. Full nodes always validate all the transactions in the new block when they receive it anyway, they don't just trust the miners.