Can a blockchain from the future be synchronized today? If one or a few computers with blockchains from a future time line were connected to the Internet today, what would happen? This other question in Worldbuilding focus on possible consequences, but with this one I am trying to focus on the technical details that would allow or prevent a synchronization to happen. Here are a few sub-questions/ideas I would like to focus on:


Would Bitcoin reject a future blockchain (a.k.a. FBC) immediately?
If a larger number of computers (surpassing any other collective group) with the same FBC connected now at the same time to the Internet, would others be forced to synchronize to that blockchain?
If multiple different FBCs connected, would any of them be synchronized? Which ones and why (furthest or closest to the current time)?
Is it possible to simulate an FBC? (e.g. by creating transactions in a future timestamp and synchronizing them)
In the event of a full synchronization with an FBC would transactions be possible? What would be "new blocks"?


I am new to crypto-currencies and to this SE site, and I only found this question with some resemblances to mine, but if you have suggestions which add further details/examples or improve this question, please let me know.
Extremely creative question. Most of UTF-8's answer is correct. I'd like to observe a few consequences:


If someone brought a future blockchain to current reality and even 11 blocks were immediately accepted, you would have some serious chaos. People that didn't spend bitcoins from their wallet would suddenly see money they were going to spend in the next two hours gone. Exchanges would see outputs of a lot of their money that they would have had to send out in the next two hours gone to people that were about to, but didn't yet ask for them. Same with merchants that deal with bitcoin, people would have paid money to addresses that may not have been generated yet!
The big thing about the future blockchain is that you have some serious replay attack vectors. Once future blocks are known, pretty much anyone can replay these transactions as long as they're valid and include them instead of transactions that try to spend the same UTXOs.
There would probably be a hard fork quite quickly to preserve the value of bitcoin that renders all blocks and transactions from the FBC invalid. The competing FBC chain wouldn't have any value since you can't create any transactions on there and some amount of hashing power has gone over to the new fork, making it extremely difficult to catch up to the FBC chain in any way.
From a world-building perspective, the most interesting consequences would be the potential future you got a glimpse of. You would know that you spent some amount of bitcoin 17 days from now, but for what purpose?
The evidence that FBC is actually from the future would be really compelling. First, the proof-of-work on a future blockchain, if it's more than a year in the future, for example, would be astronomically high and nearly impossible to fake. Second, people would see signatures to their own private keys on the chain that they never generated. Again, really convincing proof. It would certainly spawn research into time-travel =)