Reusability of ASIC miners I'm looking into the re-use of ASIC miners to perform other mathematical tasks; for example, the sum of a prime and a random number producing a massive (arbitrarily long) integral value


  i.e. sum(121 ^ 98435903485039)


Note: I require the result of the sum, not the hash of the result of the sum.


What mathematical tasks can an ASIC perform?
Do they have to be targetted specifically, or will the host machine naturally offload mathematical processing tasks to the ASIC?
If ASICs need to be targetted specifically, how does mining software target the hardware capabilities of an ASIC?
What mathematical tasks can an ASIC perform?


Only the exact task they were designed to perform,


  Do they have to be targetted specifically, or will the host machine naturally offload mathematical processing tasks to the ASIC?


They have to be targeted specifically.


  If ASICs need to be targetted specifically, how does mining software target the hardware capabilities of an ASIC?


The ASIC is specifically designed to mine and provides an interface for the mining software specifically to tell it what to mine and to read back the results of its mining.

ASICs, essentially by definition, cannot be repurposed. The whole advantage of an ASIC is that it s totally and completely optimized for a single task and no resources are wasted on the ability to do other things.

For general purpose computing tasks like you're describing, you want a modern CPU or GPU.