Theoretical block prediction Theoretically speaking:
I take a random hash as a previous hash and compute whole block of hashes.
I'll wait for work on some mining pool until by some miracle this hash will be generated.
Would I get whole bounty if I upload this block straightaway?
What you are asking is: can I create valid blocks (with only a coinbase transaction to and address of my choice) with a previous block hash that I chose at random that will be made valid if another block occurs with that hash.

Sure you can. Note that there are 2^256 hashes. The chance of finding one at random that will equal the hash of a to-be-discovered block are very very small. You would most probably just be wasting computing power/electricity/time. 

Also: Note that you could spend the same amount of computing power at guessing the private keys of other users. Finding hits there would have the possibility of getting more than the block reward.