Measure how long a rendered frame takes to arrive on a client from the cloud Say I am running a game in the cloud and I am playing that game on my client (the game is being streamed from the cloud to the client), be it a laptop, phone or calculator.

How can I work out how long a frame (of the game being played) takes to arrive at the client?
Try putting a timestamp over some key frames as the last step on your render pipeline. Then compare it to the local systems time. If both clocks are correct you should get a delay in ms (using unix rime-stamps).

Another idea to measure the round-trip-delay (might be important for UX reasons):
input to server,
server render,
result from to server on your screen
is to have a bot give an input than measure the time till the result is back