When does Santa enter the basement? (AOC Day 1) I'm reproducing the second part of the first day of Advent of Code, with permission from the creator.

Santa is trying to deliver presents in a large apartment building, but he can't find the right floor - the directions he got are a little confusing. He starts on the ground floor (floor 0) and then follows the instructions one character at a time.

An opening parenthesis, (, means he should go up one floor, and a closing parenthesis, ), means he should go down one floor.

The apartment building is very tall, and the basement is very deep; he will never find the top or bottom floors.

Given a set of instructions, find the position of the first character that causes him to enter the basement (floor -1).

As examples:

input ) causes him to enter the basement at character position 1.

input ()()) causes him to enter the basement at character position 5. 

A long input is given here that should yield the solution 1797.

This is code golf, so the shortest solution wins!
Jelly, 8 7 bytes

O-*+\i-


Thanks to @Sp3000 for golfing off 1 byte!

Try it online!

How it works

O-*+\i-    Main link. Input: s (string)

O          Ordinal; replace each character with its code point.
           This maps "()" to [48, 49].
 -*        Apply x -&gt; (-1) ** x.
           This maps [48, 49] to [1, -1].
   +\      Compute the cumulative sum, i.e., the list of partial sums.
     i-    Find the first index of -1.