AES decryption of MixColumn In the encryption of MixColumn you use the constants 01, 02 and 03. I don't understand why the inverse of 01 becomes both 0D and 09. I also don't understand how you get 01, 02 and 03 in the first place which is probably why the decryption doesn't make sense to me. I would appreciate any help with understanding how to calculate these values.
The MixColumns $MC$ and InvMixColumns $IMC$ implement matrix multiplications. These two matrices defined over Galois Field $GF(2^8)$ and they are inverse of each other.

$$MC \times IMC = I_4$$ 

To find the inverse, one can use the Gaussian Elimination method. But finding the inverse a bit tricky, since you will need the inverse of the pivot elements. The inverse in $GF(2^8)$ can be found by using the Extended Euclidean Algorithm.

In general, instead of calculating the inverse, the invMixColumn matrix copied from FIPS 197 or  AES submission of  Rijndael.