Can I generate same random number given same entropy value? Given the hypothetical fact that I can predict the same entropy value used to generate a random number, can I generate the same random value, say in a Windows based python application?
Yes, of course you can do that hypothetically. By definition random numbers are generated based on the entropy together with known values and algorithms. It would of course be necessary to know those constants and algorithms though. Quite often this is possible as the source code for the random number generator is often known in some way or other (open source or research program).

Usually runtimes make use of the random generator of the operating system, and the Microsoft algorithm is pretty complex and may change for different versions of the operating system. However, good random number generation has been known to be complicated on VM's.

Nowadays it may well be that the OS mixes in values of the hardware based RNG on Intel and AMD processors or a TPM module on the motherboard, making it nigh impossible to guess the entropy used to seed the OS PRNG.

TL;DR is it possible? Yes, if you truly know all the entropy - which usually is a questionable assumption. But even then it requires a lot of practical knowledge and a lot of effort.