Prove that a function is PRF? Let $F\colon K×K \rightarrow \{0,1\}^{128}$ be a $\mathit{PRF}$ function. Is $F'$ a $\mathit{PRF}$ ? 

\begin{equation*}
 F'(x) =
  \begin{cases}
    0^{128}       &amp; \quad \text{if $x = 0$} \\
    F_k(x)        &amp; \quad \text{otherwise}
  \end{cases}
\end{equation*}

EDIT:
I know that a $\mathit{PRF}$ over $(K,X,Y)$ is a bijective function $F\colon K×K \rightarrow Y$ that satisfies the following properties:


Efficiency: $∀k ∈ K, x ∈ X, ∃ $ an algorithm to compute $F_k(x)$
Pseudorandomness: $∀$  $\mathit{PPT}$ $D$ algorithm, $∃$ a negligible function so that:
$|\Pr[D(r) = 1] - \Pr[D(F(.)) = 1]| &lt; \mathit{negl}(n)$ where $r \leftarrow^R \mathrm{Func}(X,Y), k \leftarrow^RK$
You have listed two properties for something to be a PRF, efficiency and pseudorandomness.

The function $F'$ is clearly efficient as $F$ is efficient and $F'$ calls $F$ in just about every case. The one case where it doesn't is a very easily computable case too.

So, that leaves pseudorandomness. What that property is basically saying is imagine you are given a black box. You can feed it inputs (the x and k values) and see the outputs. If there exists a probabilistic polynomial time (PPT) algorithm that can, given the outputs, decide whether or not the black box implements $F'$ vs a random function, you do not have a PRF. On the other hand, if such a PPT algorithm does not exist, then you do have a PRF.

So, ultimately, the question is asking whether or not you can construct a PPT algorithm that can distinguish the outputs of $F'$ from outputs of a random function. If you can construct such an algorithm (fairly easy in this case), then you have proved that it is not a PRF.

Let's suppose, however, that the problem were setup differently and in fact $F'$ were a PRF. How would you prove that? You can't go through every possible PPT algorithm and show that it cannot distinguish outputs of $F'$ from outputs of a random function. Instead, you would assume that $F'$ is not a PRF and show how this would lead to a conclusion that $F$ is also not a PRF. In other words, a proof by contradiction.