Why does OpenPGP encryption produce different ciphertexts from the same plain text? With the same plain text to be encrypted and the same public key, OpenPGP tends to produce a different ciphertext every time I run the encryption operation. Why is this?
OpenPGP is a hybrid cryptosystem. The actual message is encrypted applying a symmetric cipher like AES with a random session key. This session key again is encrypted using a public/private key cryptography algorithm like RSA. This is mostly because symmetric encryption is much faster than public/private key cryptography, especially for large messages. As the session key is generated randomly, the cryptotext is different each time you encrypt something.

Another reason is that OpenPGP includes timestamps in different packets.