Can quantum computers put computer security in jeopardy? There are many articles about quantum computers describing how powerful they are in computing and that they can solve very complicated equations in a short time.
One of the biggest security measures that provide safety for computer security is that sometimes it takes years to break a piece of encrypted data.  Will this safety remain after a quantum computing revolution?
The question is:


Can they do such complicated computing?
Is it possible quantum computers put computer security in jeopardy?
can they (quantum computers) do such complicated computing (cryptanalysis)?


Not currently. Current quantum computers (including the adiabatic variants specialized in quantum annealing) do not perform anything useful for cryptanalysis. In the future: we don't know.


  Is it possible quantum computers put the computer security in jeopardy?


It is reasonable to worry for the long term. There's therefore a lot of activity to be prepared for quantum computers useful for cryptanalysis. The quasi consensus is that 256-bit symmetric crypto (AES-256, SHA-512, SHA3-512 and the like) will remain safe in the foreseeable future. Most currently used asymmetric/public-key crypto (RSA and others based on factorization; DSA, DH, Schnorr signature, ECDSA, EdDSA, ECDH and others based on discrete logarithm) may not, especially for the smallest key sizes currently considered safe. But practical quantum-safe asymmetric cryptography seems feasible, and is in the works. There's preliminary standardization effort at NIST.

This related question asks how to predict when and if quantum cryptopocalypse is coming.