What is the key size currently used by RSA and Diffie-Hellman for secure communication over Internet? What is the key size that RSA and Diffie-Hellman are using now that can guarantee secure communication over Internet and will not be able to break by the best available algorithms (NFS &amp; FFS or any others) in feasible time?
Currently (as of 2017-05-11) 2048-bit keys are most popular for use with RSA, and 2048 bit keys should also be used with classic Diffie-Hellman. These offer about the same security as a symmetric encryption algorithm with 112 bits of security.

Also in common use as of this date are 256 bit Elliptic Curve keys (mostly NIST P-256 and Curve25519) for ECDH/ECDSA/EdDSA which offer the same security as a 128-bit symmetric algorithm.

A good primer on the reasons for these key size differences can be found here.